HomeMy WebLinkAbout3377-37A
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Worm perforrmd shall comply with the following: 1. All footings shall rest on firm natural soil . or approved. Execution:
Mat@ rials: - I I�cdals:
p y g ---y- Lumber: 1. Framing: .
compacted fill. All filling, backfilling, recompaction, etc..is to be 1. Position, support and secure .reinforcement against " " " "
1. Compliance: These General Notes apply unless otherwise A. Ll�aht-framing and studs. 2 --4 thick 2"-6" wide :.Stud
f Soils Engineer. it Dimensional lumber shall be of Douglas Fir -Larch of the followin ( . ' )
stated on lens or specifications. accomplished only under the supervision o a So ! g displacement with h me#al chairs, 'runners, bolsters, spacers and g standar rade.
P roduct classification in rade {€idle#ed: °r d g
. 2. Codes: California modified version 2b01 Edition of the Uniform 2. No Soils Report (Assumed soil bearing value 1,000 PSF) hangers, as required. Direct wire ties into concrete, not toward P 9 B. .foists and rafters: 2"-4" thick 5" and widen: No. 1
( ) ( )
3 All finish grade to drain away from the building footings exposed concrete surfaces. Maintain minimum` clear distance 2. Alignment of vertical cells: Masonry shall be built to preserve d b $4
4. Termite Control: Soil shall be treated as per H.U.D./M.P.S. 602-
3.2 for termite control.
6. Utilities: Contractor is responsible for locating all existing
utilities whether shown hereon or not and to protect them from
damage. The .
contractor shall bear all expenses for repair or replacement
necessary in the prosecution of this work.
s pavements,
u ur {{{ties sidewalk
ole Protect sur c. es ut
6. Protection:
1
1 pa
excavations
r i s o work Barricade o n
and other facilities n area f
and provide warning lights, comply with regulations of authorities
having jurisdiction. .
7. Retalninh Walls: Furnish foundation drainage pipe complete
with bends, reducers, adapters, couplings, collars, and joint
materials per plans.
8. Backfill: Use evenly graded mixture of gravel or crushed stone,
and natural sand with 100% passing a 1-1/2" sieve and 0-5%
passing a No. 50 sieve for filtering material.
9. Grading: Grade ground surface to conform to required contours
and to provide surface drainage minimum 1% away from building
for a minimum of 10 feet.
10. Pipe Backfill: Place supporting layer of filtering material over
compacted subgrade where drainage pipe is to be laid to a
compacted depth of not less than 4" after testing drain lines,
place additional filtering material to a 4" depth around sides and
flop of drains. Lay drain pipe solidly bedded in filtering material.
Provide full bearing for each pipe section throughout its length, to
true grades and alignment.
11. Test or check lines before backfilling to assure free flow.
Remove obstructions, rer)iac:e damaged c•orc�ourtents, and retest
system until satisfactory.
s walls,
12. Backfill shalt not be placed until supporting foundations, wa
and/ or slabs have attained sufficient strength to support lateral
soil pressures.
�3icirerMsxi:
1. Compltfwith the following:
A< ACI 301 "Specifications of Structural Concrete
Buildings"
B. ACi 318 "Building Code Requirements for Reinforced
Concrete".
2. Mix designs may be adjusted when material characteristics, job
conditions, weather, test results or other circumstances warrant.
Do not use revised concrete mixes until submitted to and
accepted by architect.
3. Minimum design mix parameters:
Use design mix that will provide a stable durable concrete surface
free of pocks, spalls and other defects resulting from chemical
incompatibility of constituent material or adjacent conditions.
Maximum 7-1/2 gallons of water per sack of cement.
Maximum slump 4".
Materials
1. Concrete shall be machine mixed and shall reach a compressive
strength of 2,500 psi at 28 days.
2. Cement shall be Portland Cement conforming to ASTM C-150,
Type I or 11, low alkali. Use Type V cement for soil containing a
sulfate concentration of 0.2% or more. .
3. Aggregates shall be natural sand and rock conforming to ASTM
C33, except local aggregates of proven suitability may be used
when acceptable to architect.
4. Water shall be drinkable
6. Alr-entralning admixture, when required, shall be ASTM C-260.
6. Underslab vapor barrier shall be 6 mil polyethylene vapor
barrier under all house slabs with sand fill above and below (see
pians). Install vapor barrier with 12" minimum laps. Do not
puncture with stakes or screed pins. Use blocking to support and
level screeds and remove all such blocking after screeding shall
be 6 m polyethylene.
7. Form". rk shall be of materials with sufficient stability to
withstand pressure of placed concrete without deflection.
Reinforcina Steel
1. All reinforcing shall be ASTM A-615-�40 for #4 bars and smaller.
All reinforcing shall be ASTM A-615-60 for #5 bars and larger.
Welded wire fabric to be ASTM A-185, lap 1-1/2 spaces, 9" min.
for structural slabs all reinforcing #5 and larger to be ASTM A-
615-60.
Unless otherwise noted or shown on plans, the minimum clear
distance of reinforcement to face of concrete shall be:
A. Slab on grade ............................... 2" (center of slab)
B. Concrete against earth:
Formed ..................... 2"
Without Form .................... 311
C. Concrete exposed to weather ..... 1-1/2"
2. All bars shall be deformed as per ASTM A-305.
3. All bars shall be clean of loose flaky rust, grease or other
materials likely to impair bond.
4. All bends shall be made cold for # 8 and smaller.
5. Splicing of bars shall have lapping of 30 dia. Or 2'-0" min. in all
continuous reinforcement of footings and concrete wails, except.
as noted on plans. Masonry reinforcement shall have lappings of
40 dia. or 2'-0" whichever is greater.
6. All relnforelna bars shall be accurately and securely placed
before pouring concrete.
7. Weldl!M of reinforcing steel shall conform to AWS D1.4 using
low hydrogen electrodes & A706 rebar.
8. Splices of horizontal rebar in galls and footings shall be
staggered 4'-0" minimum.
9. Dowels for walls and columns shall be the same size and spacing
as thewall/column reinforcing unless noted otherwise.
Concrete
1. Drvpack shall be composed of one part Portland cement to not
more than three parts sand & shall be non -shrink.
Construction:
1. Top of concrete slabs to be a minimum of 6" (8" HUD) above
finish grade.
2. Silt Fastening:
All Continuous Footings: Embed 5/8" diameter :x i2" anchor
bolts 7" into concrete, 4'-0" o/c maximum, 12" from corners and
splices in all exterior
.v.
-slis unless otherwise noted on dans or structural engineer's
calculations.
Monolithic Pour System: Embed anchor bolts 7" into
concrete (UBC 1806.6)
Two -Pour System: Embed anchor bolts 4" past cold joint into
footing
Use Sl8" diameter x 14" long anchor bolts at all 3x sill plate
locations
Interior non-bearing walls: Secure with approved shot pins per
Manufacturer's recommendations. Recommend "Hilt{" pins
(0.145" diameter x 1.125" penetration into concrete) at maximum
36' CYC per I.C.B.O. Report #2388. (Alternate - "Ramset 1500
Series" 0.140" diameter x 7" penetration into concrete at 36" O/C
between soil and reinforcing of W at bottom and 2" at sides of
excavation.
2. Lap reinforcing bars a minimum of 40 bar diameters.
3. Provide construction, isolation, and control joints as required.
Locate joints so as to not impair strength and appearance of
structure. Place isolation and control joints in slab -on -grade to
min'amize random cracking.
4. Use I.C.B.O. approved shot pins with cadmium washers, 3'-0"
maximum, 6 from comers and splices In interior bearing
O/C ra�ax P g
walls unless otherwise noted. Use same at 4'-0" max. for interror
non-bearing walls. Slab to be thickened to 3 times pin
penetration for 8" min. width where shot pins are to be used.
Verify required thickness prior to placing concrete.
5. Consolidate placed concrete using mechanical vibrating
equipment with hand rodding and tamping, so that concrete is
worked around reinforcement and other embedded items and into
forms.
S. Protect concrete from physical damage or reduced strength due
to weather extremes during mixing, placement and curing.
A. In cold weather comply with ACi 306.
B. In hot weather comply with ACI 305.
7. Prier to placing concrete remove all water, mud, loose earth,
and debris from excavations.
S. Foundation (widths and depths) and reinforcing as shown on
plans are superseded by any local codes or ordinances which
require increases in same.
9. All load-bearing footings shall be on level, undisturbed soil to
depth shown on drawings and shall conform to the Soils Report.
1v. Do not place concrete until alt' reinforcement, conduit, oulle#
hnYec anchor, h nn -re, sl ?uPs holt, car other embedded
riiiitti:=itt... Coit+ itGFii� Q e SECUifr,� a!_1 s PrOP a1 faSteiPau lie 6f f
ProC'."3:^'-- S: r...a i3:wr. -'r.- nr.{(yr.Sr.r S•.ni l r..iS.
;: ' pia ces arid, r- :.:W:1. arsif:. �'s:.:c...z:..,.. s:. . _;::y`
e.s£?nf'�.z �ci ?rf r?a...rr, nnr? rer.T n }r�16r 'IDA» pS.av -,.e ;a eei vt,kee..i
instaillat`iolI o old-do,an Gills andh VI Vi�O, f t". X741
anchorage material and items prior to placement of concrete.
Holdowns to be installed in accordance with I.C.B.O. Report
#1211.
11. Pipes may passthrough structural concrete in sleeves, but shall
not be embedded therein. Pipes or ducts exceeding one-third the
slab or wall thickness shall not be placed in the structural
concrete unless specifically detailed.
For residential construction: The Concrete Sub -Contractor shall
insta a minimum of (II 3/4" DlastiC pipe under the driveway.
located at the street side of the entrywalk, for future sprinkler
system (verify 'with Landscape Sub -Contractor). Concrete Sub -
Contractor shall also install plastic conduits in garage stem wall
for power, telephone, CATV and irrigation controller. Plastic pipe
shall be provided by the Plumbing Contractor and the conduits, by
the Electrical Contractor.
12. Refer to Architectural drawings and details for reveals, areas of
textured concrete or special finishes, items required to be cast into
the concrete, curbs and slab depressions.
13. Finish of slabs shall be trowelled smooth and level around all
plumbing pipes, electrical conduit, and miscellaneous iron straps
protruding therefrom.
14. Repairs shall be made promptly by the Concrete Sub -Contractor
to remove any anchor bolts or other steel inadvertently misplaced
in or at openings and shall patch any surface damaged by the
removal thereof.
15. Cleanup shall occur after completion of pouring each slab.
Concrete Sub -Contractor shall remove all form lumber,
miscellaneous lumber and cement debris, leaving the job -site
clean and graded smooth for other workmen.
16. Trenches for footings shall be cleaned before concrete is poured.
An imaginary line from the bottom comer of any footing, extending
downward at 45 degrees from the horizontal shall not intersect any
excavation for gas, sewer or drainage purposes.
I.". � . I S� ,I .' I'll , , , , * - ` , , , � * ., I I . I � , , ,_: _.� , : _* r' -1 ,', ..,.' ' , , -
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General
1. Water used in mix shall be potable.
2. Sand shall meet the requirements for "Aggregate For Masonry
Mortar," ASTM C144.
3. Portland Cement shall meet the requirements for "Portland
Cement" ASTNI C150.
4. Plastic Cement shall comply with the latest adopted edition of the
Uniform Building Code.
5. Lime putty, made of high calcium lime and aged to insure
complete slacking.
6. Hydrated lime to meet the requirements for "Hydrated Lime For
Masonry Purposes" ASTM C207, Type "S" .
7. Steel reinforcing to be deformed bars to meet ASTM A615,
Grade 40 for sizes #3 and #4 and Grade 60 for sizes #5 and
larger.
8. Lightweight concrete precision block to conform to standards
forhollow load concrete masonry units and conform to ASTM C90,
Grade "N-1". (tan color)
9. M� to conform to Type "S" per UBC Table No. 21-A and to the
following:
1 part Portland cement
4-112 parts dry loose sand
1/3 to 112 lime putty or hydrated lime
or may be composed of the following:
1 part plastic cement
3 parts dry loose sand .
1/1€} part lime
10. Grout shall be 2,500 psi concrete. Solid grout all cells.
11. Ultimate compressive strength of foundation concrete shall be
2,5D0 psi at 28 days.
12. Brick shall be medium weight (MW) grade in accordance wit
ASTM C-62, with an allowable compressive strength of 2,000 psi.
13. Aggregate shall conform to ASTM 0-144 (Mortar) and ASTM C-
404 (Grout)
14. Samples: Masonry Sub -Contractor shall submit samples of
veneer to Builder for written approval prior to proceeding with
installation.
Concrete Unit Mason
1. Grout: Mix one part Portland cement, 1/10 hydrated lime, not
more than three parts sand and not more than two parts 3/8 inch
maximum size pea gravel by volume, and shall have a minimum
compressive strength of 2000 PSI at 28 days of age, aggregates
per ASTM C404-61. .
2. Mortar - Mix: Type S ASTM 0387-00 and consisting of one part
Portland cement, 1110 hydrated lime, not more than three parts
sand, all by volume. Type S mortar shall have a minimum
compressive strength of 1800 PSI at 28 days of age. No fire clay
pearmitteed in mortar used for structural units_ All materials for
mortars shall be measured by volume, sand and cement mixed
dry, lime added, and then water added to bring to the proper
consistency for use. No mortars that have stood for more than
one hour shah be used.
Construction (General)
1. General: Walls shall be straight, plumb, and true, with all courses
tree to line and level, built to dimensions shown. Cells shall be
filled solid with grout as indicated. Blocks shall be laid up with
waterproof type S mortar. Clean units before placing. Use
masonry saw for cutting.
Building . Code, Uniform Pluming Code, Oviform Mechanical
C.
Code; Uniform Fire Code, California Electric Code, and all other
General.
applicable laws and regulations governing the site of the work.
3.
A.S.T.M. Standard Specifications (in case of conflict, the more
{ ..
Cam i witri the rattowing:
. stringent requirements shall govern.)
4.
Quality,: All materials furnished shall be new and of first quality.
.: -
A. AlSC Cotte of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and
No used materials or seconds will be permitted.
5.
"Or Eiqual": The Contractor shall submit for the Architect's or
3.
r equipment t which . is
Builder's acceptance, ce all materials o e u m n
q
p P
1. Grade: Plywood combination sub -floor and
.1 -„
equal" to that specified. considered or .
Pe
6.
On Site Verification of all dimensions and conditions shall be
underlayment sheathing continuous over two or
the responsibility of the Contractor and the Sub -Contractors.
,
Erection of Structural Steel for Buildings" including
Noted dimensions take precedent over scale. Each Contractor or
E.
Sub -Contractor shall report to Project Superintendent all
"commentary".
conditions which prevent the proper execution of their work.
\
7.
Prolect Superintendent: The on-site construction
4.
superintendent shall provide on-site= supervision to the extent
2. Wood panels:
necessary to assure that the improvements are being constructed
hall ave a minimum rout
ells below rade. All reinforcements s h m . m
99
in conformance with the construction documents and the
Subfloorin roof sheathln wall sheath) APA
g, g� ng
performance standards of the industry trades. He shall inspect
coverage of 314 inch. .All brick shall have a minimum of 2 inch
all. structural framing members, concrete anchors, tie -downs,
rated sheathing C -D with exterior glue of group I or 11
flashing framing members, concrete anchors, tie downs, flashing
grout space.
roof materials and underlayment for each building. This
woods, floor sheathing to be T&G with panel index of
,
inspection is to assure that all materials and applications meet
Nonexpansive fill shall be used in backfilling behind walls. All
the manufacturer's specifications and installation guidelines or
32/16. Roof panel index of 24/0.
A.S.T.M. requirements, whichever is more stringent, and to notify
walls shall be adequately shored during the backfill operation:
the architect and owner in sufficient time to prevent any defective
Particleboard underlayment: ANSI A208.1, Grade 1-
materials from being incorporated into the work.
a.
Client`s Architect and Prolect Superintendent to be notified
M-1 in thickness indicated.
ii .Mme'.ely by Conuadv i.c. c; aJ,-wYa_O%riiLe"416r. ,fico w )
Longitudinal runs of masonry, stop off only by racking back one
discrepancy arise pertaining to the Working Drawings andfor
3.
S ciftations. 1 he Contractor Shia{i be held res onsiiale for air .
p Y
half unit length in each course_ Toothing shall not be permitted.
errors, discrepancies, or omissions which the Contractor failed to
Wall Sheathing
notify the Architect of before construction or fabrication of the
Masonry shall comply with 1998 G.B.C. Chapter 21.
Work. .
9.
Sub -Contractor shall: insure that all work is done in a
Masonry veneer shall complywith 1998 C.B.C. Chapter 14.
professional and workmanlike manner by.skilled mechanics and
Oriented Strand Beard (O.S.B.). Waferboard (Grade 2-
shall replace any materials or items. damaged by Sub -
Reinforcing shall be accurately placed, and held in position top
Contractor's performance .at no additional cost to Builder. Sub -
M -W) may be used instead of Structural it plywood as
Contractors and Suppliers are hereby notified that they are to
. and bottom.
. confer and to cooperate fully with each other during the course of
indicated on shear panel schedule.
constiuction to determine the exact extent and overiap of each
Masonry veneer: Provide one inch mortar between masonry
"Aqua
other's work and to successfully complete the execution of the
Roof Sheathing
1. Installation: Plywood sheathing is to be
work. All Sub -Contractor's work shall be of quality to pass
veneer and Lath" as manufactured by Tree Island Steel
inspections by local authorities, lending institutions, Architect or
continuous over two or more. spans and is to be
Builder. Any one or all of the above mentioned inspectors may
iCBt3 No. 1254 and City of Los Angeles No. 22184 or equal.
Inspect workmanship at any time and any corrections needed to
the type, thickness and panel index as required
enhance the quality of the building will be done
supported by stats to bearing walls. The maximum span
Immediately. Each Sub -Contractor, unless specifically exempted
i
by his Sub -Contract Agreement shall be responsible for cleaning
of a 2 -inch x 8 -inch purlin shall be 8 feet. in no case shall
up and removing from the job -site all trash and debris not left by
I
other Sub -Contractors. Builder will determine how soon after
a purlin be smaller than the supported rafter. The
each Sub -Contractor completes each phase of his work that
trash and debris will be removed from the site.
10.
Drawings and Specifications represent the finished structure.
7.
All bracing, temporary supports, shoring, etc. is the sole
(10 feet for 2 x 6 struts) and the minimum slope of the
responsibility of the Contractor. Observation visits to the job site
8.
by the Architect do not include inspection of construction
struts shall not be less than 45 degrees :above the
procedures. The Contractor is solely responsible for all
.
construction methods and for safety conditions at the worksite.
h.or* --t-1
Vl lLll,S,.0 1.
These visits shall not be construed as continuous and detailed
inspections.
11.
Intent: it is the intent of the construction documents that all work
Execution:
be performed in a sound manner providing a completed project
or concrete, or use Redwood.
with all materials, assemblies, and systems correctly installed
I
and performing in a manner consistent with the standards of the
E. Sill Caulking: Apply a bead of mastic caulking under sill
industry for this type of project.
12.
Construction documents include, but are not limited to working
plates of all exterior walls at interior bottom of sill plate.
drawings, specifications, structural calculations, s tate mandated
Set base plates on cleaned bearing surfaces,. using wedges or
energy calculations and notes, soil report, geology report,
.
acoustical engineers report, addendum and change orders, and
other adjustments as required. Solidly pack open spaces with
these general notes unless otherwise noted on plans or
UBC. Provide 2x solid blocking at 10'-0" intervals for all
specifications.
13.
Details: Contractor and sub -contractors recognize that the
Bracing: All members shall be framed, anchored, tied and braced
architect cannot prepare pians and drawings that cover all
sand and onl enou h water for packing and hydration, or use
y 9 P 9 y
conceivable construction details or site conditions.
14.
Interpretation: Contractor and sub -contractor shall inform the
_ ,
commercial non shrink grout material a# erector's option.
architect of any missing details or corrections which are believed
purposes for which they are used. Framing Sub -Contractor shall
by them to be necessary or appropriate for the proper
Splice m embers only where shown on final shop drawings.
construction of the project and which would not normally be their
adequately brace floor joists to prevent sagging where materials
responsibility under standard industry practices and techniques.
15.
Terminoloav, abbreviations, and symbols used on the
are stockpiled prior to erection.
Let -in bracing Provide 1 x 6 diagonal (at approximately 45
construction documents are those recognized in the construction
buming.
industry for the purposes indicated by the context in which used.
degrees) every 25'-0" maximum in stud walls not sheathed.
In the event that industry publications do not adequately define
Use materials of size and thickness shown, or, if not shown, of
any &en term, the definitions found in Webster's unabridged
Bracing shall run continuous from sill plate to top plate. Nail with
dictionary of the American language will govern. Refer
required size, grade and thickness to produce strength and
uncertinties to architect before proceeding.
1 16.
Testing & inspectlons: Arrange for all testing and inspections
durability in finished product: Shop paint all items not specified to
required by the construction documents, local building
All metal connectors shall be "Simpson Strong -Tie Connectors"
department, grading department, and health department, and
be galvanized after fabrication..
. other agencies having jurisdiction over the project.
f 17.
Manufacturer's Name: Products specified on the construction
Meld corners and seams continuously, grind exposed welds
documents by manufacturers name or other designation are a
values. The nails for these connectors shall be joist hanger nails
projecE requirement, unless specifically noted otherwise.
smooth and flush. Weld cap on exposed ends of pipes and tubes.
Substitutions are permitted only with prior written approval of the
as manufactured by the Simpson Company (or equal).
architect and owner. Selection of products which comply with
Fabricate steel pipe railings to dimensions shown, with smooth
requirements including applicable standards is contractor's
Top plates of all stud walls shall be two pieces the same size as
options where no product names are indicated by owner or
:bends and welded joints using 1-1/2 steel pipe, unless otherwise
documents. Contractor/ sub -contractor shall bear all
studs. Splices to lap 4'-0" minimum and be nailed with 16 - 16d
responsibility for products which he selects and installs.
18.
Substitution: No substitutions shall be made without owner's
nails minimum.
written authorization. Any substitution shall be made known to
Touch-up shop paint after installation. Clean field welds, bolted
builder and architect in advance to avoid any delay in the project
Bolting: Bolt holes in wood shall be 1/32" to 1/16" larger than the
schedule. The general contractor and any subcontractor shall
nnections and abraded areas, and apply same type paint as
not make structural substitutions or changes without prior written
nominal bolt diameter. All bolts shall have standard cut washer
authorization from the structural engineer and written notification
used in shop. Use galvanizing repair paint on damaged
to the architect.
1g.
Conflicts: Where construction documents conflict with codes,
galvanized surfaces.
the more stringent shall apply.
20.
Changes: No changes are to be made on these plans without the
prior knowledge and consent of the architect whose signature
plaster, etc.
appears hereon. Approval by city or county inspector does not
constitute authority to deviate from plans or specifications.
21.
Builder Set: This set of drawings is a "builder set". It is sufficient
to obtain a building permit, however, all materials and methods
of construction necessary to complete the project are not
necessarily described in this "builder set". The implementation of
the plans requires a clientl contractor (general contractor and
subcontractors) thoroughly knowledgeable with the applicable
building codes and methods of construction. The plans and
general notes delineate and describe only locations, dimensions,
types of materials and general methods of assembling or
fastening.
Structural Engineering:
1.
Refer to the current calculations for any question regarding
lumber grades, beam and header sizes, footing and shear
requirements.
_.2.
No deviations from structural details shall be made without the
written approval of the Architect. Approval by the City Inspector
does not constitute authority to deviate from plans or
specifications. Contractor to comply with manufacturer's
. instruction and recommendation to extent that printed information
d t 'I d trin ent than r uiremen� contained directly
4. Termite Control: Soil shall be treated as per H.U.D./M.P.S. 602-
3.2 for termite control.
6. Utilities: Contractor is responsible for locating all existing
utilities whether shown hereon or not and to protect them from
damage. The .
contractor shall bear all expenses for repair or replacement
necessary in the prosecution of this work.
s pavements,
u ur {{{ties sidewalk
ole Protect sur c. es ut
6. Protection:
1
1 pa
excavations
r i s o work Barricade o n
and other facilities n area f
and provide warning lights, comply with regulations of authorities
having jurisdiction. .
7. Retalninh Walls: Furnish foundation drainage pipe complete
with bends, reducers, adapters, couplings, collars, and joint
materials per plans.
8. Backfill: Use evenly graded mixture of gravel or crushed stone,
and natural sand with 100% passing a 1-1/2" sieve and 0-5%
passing a No. 50 sieve for filtering material.
9. Grading: Grade ground surface to conform to required contours
and to provide surface drainage minimum 1% away from building
for a minimum of 10 feet.
10. Pipe Backfill: Place supporting layer of filtering material over
compacted subgrade where drainage pipe is to be laid to a
compacted depth of not less than 4" after testing drain lines,
place additional filtering material to a 4" depth around sides and
flop of drains. Lay drain pipe solidly bedded in filtering material.
Provide full bearing for each pipe section throughout its length, to
true grades and alignment.
11. Test or check lines before backfilling to assure free flow.
Remove obstructions, rer)iac:e damaged c•orc�ourtents, and retest
system until satisfactory.
s walls,
12. Backfill shalt not be placed until supporting foundations, wa
and/ or slabs have attained sufficient strength to support lateral
soil pressures.
�3icirerMsxi:
1. Compltfwith the following:
A< ACI 301 "Specifications of Structural Concrete
Buildings"
B. ACi 318 "Building Code Requirements for Reinforced
Concrete".
2. Mix designs may be adjusted when material characteristics, job
conditions, weather, test results or other circumstances warrant.
Do not use revised concrete mixes until submitted to and
accepted by architect.
3. Minimum design mix parameters:
Use design mix that will provide a stable durable concrete surface
free of pocks, spalls and other defects resulting from chemical
incompatibility of constituent material or adjacent conditions.
Maximum 7-1/2 gallons of water per sack of cement.
Maximum slump 4".
Materials
1. Concrete shall be machine mixed and shall reach a compressive
strength of 2,500 psi at 28 days.
2. Cement shall be Portland Cement conforming to ASTM C-150,
Type I or 11, low alkali. Use Type V cement for soil containing a
sulfate concentration of 0.2% or more. .
3. Aggregates shall be natural sand and rock conforming to ASTM
C33, except local aggregates of proven suitability may be used
when acceptable to architect.
4. Water shall be drinkable
6. Alr-entralning admixture, when required, shall be ASTM C-260.
6. Underslab vapor barrier shall be 6 mil polyethylene vapor
barrier under all house slabs with sand fill above and below (see
pians). Install vapor barrier with 12" minimum laps. Do not
puncture with stakes or screed pins. Use blocking to support and
level screeds and remove all such blocking after screeding shall
be 6 m polyethylene.
7. Form". rk shall be of materials with sufficient stability to
withstand pressure of placed concrete without deflection.
Reinforcina Steel
1. All reinforcing shall be ASTM A-615-�40 for #4 bars and smaller.
All reinforcing shall be ASTM A-615-60 for #5 bars and larger.
Welded wire fabric to be ASTM A-185, lap 1-1/2 spaces, 9" min.
for structural slabs all reinforcing #5 and larger to be ASTM A-
615-60.
Unless otherwise noted or shown on plans, the minimum clear
distance of reinforcement to face of concrete shall be:
A. Slab on grade ............................... 2" (center of slab)
B. Concrete against earth:
Formed ..................... 2"
Without Form .................... 311
C. Concrete exposed to weather ..... 1-1/2"
2. All bars shall be deformed as per ASTM A-305.
3. All bars shall be clean of loose flaky rust, grease or other
materials likely to impair bond.
4. All bends shall be made cold for # 8 and smaller.
5. Splicing of bars shall have lapping of 30 dia. Or 2'-0" min. in all
continuous reinforcement of footings and concrete wails, except.
as noted on plans. Masonry reinforcement shall have lappings of
40 dia. or 2'-0" whichever is greater.
6. All relnforelna bars shall be accurately and securely placed
before pouring concrete.
7. Weldl!M of reinforcing steel shall conform to AWS D1.4 using
low hydrogen electrodes & A706 rebar.
8. Splices of horizontal rebar in galls and footings shall be
staggered 4'-0" minimum.
9. Dowels for walls and columns shall be the same size and spacing
as thewall/column reinforcing unless noted otherwise.
Concrete
1. Drvpack shall be composed of one part Portland cement to not
more than three parts sand & shall be non -shrink.
Construction:
1. Top of concrete slabs to be a minimum of 6" (8" HUD) above
finish grade.
2. Silt Fastening:
All Continuous Footings: Embed 5/8" diameter :x i2" anchor
bolts 7" into concrete, 4'-0" o/c maximum, 12" from corners and
splices in all exterior
.v.
-slis unless otherwise noted on dans or structural engineer's
calculations.
Monolithic Pour System: Embed anchor bolts 7" into
concrete (UBC 1806.6)
Two -Pour System: Embed anchor bolts 4" past cold joint into
footing
Use Sl8" diameter x 14" long anchor bolts at all 3x sill plate
locations
Interior non-bearing walls: Secure with approved shot pins per
Manufacturer's recommendations. Recommend "Hilt{" pins
(0.145" diameter x 1.125" penetration into concrete) at maximum
36' CYC per I.C.B.O. Report #2388. (Alternate - "Ramset 1500
Series" 0.140" diameter x 7" penetration into concrete at 36" O/C
between soil and reinforcing of W at bottom and 2" at sides of
excavation.
2. Lap reinforcing bars a minimum of 40 bar diameters.
3. Provide construction, isolation, and control joints as required.
Locate joints so as to not impair strength and appearance of
structure. Place isolation and control joints in slab -on -grade to
min'amize random cracking.
4. Use I.C.B.O. approved shot pins with cadmium washers, 3'-0"
maximum, 6 from comers and splices In interior bearing
O/C ra�ax P g
walls unless otherwise noted. Use same at 4'-0" max. for interror
non-bearing walls. Slab to be thickened to 3 times pin
penetration for 8" min. width where shot pins are to be used.
Verify required thickness prior to placing concrete.
5. Consolidate placed concrete using mechanical vibrating
equipment with hand rodding and tamping, so that concrete is
worked around reinforcement and other embedded items and into
forms.
S. Protect concrete from physical damage or reduced strength due
to weather extremes during mixing, placement and curing.
A. In cold weather comply with ACi 306.
B. In hot weather comply with ACI 305.
7. Prier to placing concrete remove all water, mud, loose earth,
and debris from excavations.
S. Foundation (widths and depths) and reinforcing as shown on
plans are superseded by any local codes or ordinances which
require increases in same.
9. All load-bearing footings shall be on level, undisturbed soil to
depth shown on drawings and shall conform to the Soils Report.
1v. Do not place concrete until alt' reinforcement, conduit, oulle#
hnYec anchor, h nn -re, sl ?uPs holt, car other embedded
riiiitti:=itt... Coit+ itGFii� Q e SECUifr,� a!_1 s PrOP a1 faSteiPau lie 6f f
ProC'."3:^'-- S: r...a i3:wr. -'r.- nr.{(yr.Sr.r S•.ni l r..iS.
;: ' pia ces arid, r- :.:W:1. arsif:. �'s:.:c...z:..,.. s:. . _;::y`
e.s£?nf'�.z �ci ?rf r?a...rr, nnr? rer.T n }r�16r 'IDA» pS.av -,.e ;a eei vt,kee..i
instaillat`iolI o old-do,an Gills andh VI Vi�O, f t". X741
anchorage material and items prior to placement of concrete.
Holdowns to be installed in accordance with I.C.B.O. Report
#1211.
11. Pipes may passthrough structural concrete in sleeves, but shall
not be embedded therein. Pipes or ducts exceeding one-third the
slab or wall thickness shall not be placed in the structural
concrete unless specifically detailed.
For residential construction: The Concrete Sub -Contractor shall
insta a minimum of (II 3/4" DlastiC pipe under the driveway.
located at the street side of the entrywalk, for future sprinkler
system (verify 'with Landscape Sub -Contractor). Concrete Sub -
Contractor shall also install plastic conduits in garage stem wall
for power, telephone, CATV and irrigation controller. Plastic pipe
shall be provided by the Plumbing Contractor and the conduits, by
the Electrical Contractor.
12. Refer to Architectural drawings and details for reveals, areas of
textured concrete or special finishes, items required to be cast into
the concrete, curbs and slab depressions.
13. Finish of slabs shall be trowelled smooth and level around all
plumbing pipes, electrical conduit, and miscellaneous iron straps
protruding therefrom.
14. Repairs shall be made promptly by the Concrete Sub -Contractor
to remove any anchor bolts or other steel inadvertently misplaced
in or at openings and shall patch any surface damaged by the
removal thereof.
15. Cleanup shall occur after completion of pouring each slab.
Concrete Sub -Contractor shall remove all form lumber,
miscellaneous lumber and cement debris, leaving the job -site
clean and graded smooth for other workmen.
16. Trenches for footings shall be cleaned before concrete is poured.
An imaginary line from the bottom comer of any footing, extending
downward at 45 degrees from the horizontal shall not intersect any
excavation for gas, sewer or drainage purposes.
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bars n. 1- .�:,,��: _ I_�.. _ .1. I I.. -
General
1. Water used in mix shall be potable.
2. Sand shall meet the requirements for "Aggregate For Masonry
Mortar," ASTM C144.
3. Portland Cement shall meet the requirements for "Portland
Cement" ASTNI C150.
4. Plastic Cement shall comply with the latest adopted edition of the
Uniform Building Code.
5. Lime putty, made of high calcium lime and aged to insure
complete slacking.
6. Hydrated lime to meet the requirements for "Hydrated Lime For
Masonry Purposes" ASTM C207, Type "S" .
7. Steel reinforcing to be deformed bars to meet ASTM A615,
Grade 40 for sizes #3 and #4 and Grade 60 for sizes #5 and
larger.
8. Lightweight concrete precision block to conform to standards
forhollow load concrete masonry units and conform to ASTM C90,
Grade "N-1". (tan color)
9. M� to conform to Type "S" per UBC Table No. 21-A and to the
following:
1 part Portland cement
4-112 parts dry loose sand
1/3 to 112 lime putty or hydrated lime
or may be composed of the following:
1 part plastic cement
3 parts dry loose sand .
1/1€} part lime
10. Grout shall be 2,500 psi concrete. Solid grout all cells.
11. Ultimate compressive strength of foundation concrete shall be
2,5D0 psi at 28 days.
12. Brick shall be medium weight (MW) grade in accordance wit
ASTM C-62, with an allowable compressive strength of 2,000 psi.
13. Aggregate shall conform to ASTM 0-144 (Mortar) and ASTM C-
404 (Grout)
14. Samples: Masonry Sub -Contractor shall submit samples of
veneer to Builder for written approval prior to proceeding with
installation.
Concrete Unit Mason
1. Grout: Mix one part Portland cement, 1/10 hydrated lime, not
more than three parts sand and not more than two parts 3/8 inch
maximum size pea gravel by volume, and shall have a minimum
compressive strength of 2000 PSI at 28 days of age, aggregates
per ASTM C404-61. .
2. Mortar - Mix: Type S ASTM 0387-00 and consisting of one part
Portland cement, 1110 hydrated lime, not more than three parts
sand, all by volume. Type S mortar shall have a minimum
compressive strength of 1800 PSI at 28 days of age. No fire clay
pearmitteed in mortar used for structural units_ All materials for
mortars shall be measured by volume, sand and cement mixed
dry, lime added, and then water added to bring to the proper
consistency for use. No mortars that have stood for more than
one hour shah be used.
Construction (General)
1. General: Walls shall be straight, plumb, and true, with all courses
tree to line and level, built to dimensions shown. Cells shall be
filled solid with grout as indicated. Blocks shall be laid up with
waterproof type S mortar. Clean units before placing. Use
masonry saw for cutting.
plywood is exposed to the weather.
3. Standards: All plywood shall conform to U.S.
Product Standard PS 1-95.
the unobstructed vertical continuity of the cells. The vertical
C.
gra a or a er. .
Post, beams, headers, and timbers (4" and thicker)"
General.
alignment shah be sufficient to maintain a clear, unobstructed
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No. 1 grade, free of heart center.
{ ..
Cam i witri the rattowing:
vertical opening not less than 2 inch x 3 inch. Lay units mean and
P g
D.
Redwood foundation grade, all heart U.N.O. (if lumber
.: -
A. AlSC Cotte of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and
dry
E. Floor Shea thing
species other than Douglas Fir -larch Is to be used,
3.
Cteanouts: Cleanout opening shall be provided at the bottoms of
1. Grade: Plywood combination sub -floor and
contractor shah request in writing, approval from architect
B. RISC "Specifications for the Design, Fabrication, and
all cells to be filled at each lift or pour of grout, when such lift or
underlayment sheathing continuous over two or
and structural engineer prior to construction.)
,
Erection of Structural Steel for Buildings" including
pour of grout is in excess of 4'-0" in height. Cleanouts shall be
E.
Resawn: All exterior fascias, trims, posts and beams
"commentary".
sealed after inspection and before grouting.
the floor joist spacing and as noted � plans.
shall be re -sawn lumber.
4.
Grout r its etc. Grout solid all.11
r slid all cells which contain rebs bo e
o
2. Wood panels:
D. WWPA "Standard Grading Rules for Western Lumber".
hall ave a minimum rout
ells below rade. All reinforcements s h m . m
99
A.
Subfloorin roof sheathln wall sheath) APA
g, g� ng
A.
coverage of 314 inch. .All brick shall have a minimum of 2 inch
rated sheathing C -D with exterior glue of group I or 11
Materials:
grout space.
2. Floors shall be glue -nailed using glue that .
woods, floor sheathing to be T&G with panel index of
5.
Nonexpansive fill shall be used in backfilling behind walls. All
conl6frns o Amerirar, f1ywood Association
32/16. Roof panel index of 24/0.
1-36.
walls shall be adequately shored during the backfill operation:
B.
Particleboard underlayment: ANSI A208.1, Grade 1-
6.
When absolutely necessary for construction purposes to stop off
3. Stamp: Sheathing shall be identified by a
M-1 in thickness indicated.
B
Longitudinal runs of masonry, stop off only by racking back one
registered stamp or brand of the American
3.
Steel Pipe shall conform to ASTM A-53, Type E or S, Grade B.
half unit length in each course_ Toothing shall not be permitted.
. C.
Wall Sheathing
7.
Masonry shall comply with 1998 G.B.C. Chapter 21.
Metal hangers and framing anchors of size and type
1. American Plywood Association approved
a.
Masonry veneer shall complywith 1998 C.B.C. Chapter 14.
recommended for intended use by manufacturer. Hot -dip
Oriented Strand Beard (O.S.B.). Waferboard (Grade 2-
9.
Reinforcing shall be accurately placed, and held in position top
galvanize fasteners and anchorages for work exposed to weather,
M -W) may be used instead of Structural it plywood as
washers as required for application indicated. Hot -dip galvanized
. and bottom.
p ground contact and high relative humidity to silver metal
indicated on shear panel schedule.
10.
Masonry veneer: Provide one inch mortar between masonry
"Aqua
D.
Roof Sheathing
1. Installation: Plywood sheathing is to be
Shop paint: SSPC-Paint 13, shop prime structural steel except
veneer and Lath" as manufactured by Tree Island Steel
A. Preservatives: Lumber and plywood with water -borne
continuous over two or more. spans and is to be
portions to be embedded in concrete or mortar.
iCBt3 No. 1254 and City of Los Angeles No. 22184 or equal.
preservatives to comply with AWPA C2 and C9
the type, thickness and panel index as required
Galvanizing shall conform to ASTM A-386 for assembles
supported by stats to bearing walls. The maximum span
respectively, and UBC standard #25-12.
for rafter spacing and as noted on plans.
products; ASTM A-123 for rolled, pressed and forged steel
of a 2 -inch x 8 -inch purlin shall be 8 feet. in no case shall
B. Above Ground: Mood for above -ground use: AWPB LP -
2 Exposed Use exterior type C -C grades where
plywood is exposed to the weather.
3. Standards: All plywood shall conform to U.S.
Product Standard PS 1-95.
specifically detailed.
7. Predrill for naliing when trail spacing results in the wood splitting.
S. Beams and Girders
A. Bearing on masonrv: The ends of beams or girders
4. Identification: Sheathing shalt be identified by a
General.
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1.
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Bearing on wood: All beams or girders supported on
Pslvtv,pita Association on each s/heef .
All reference specifications are the latest edition adopted or
.: -
A. AlSC Cotte of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and
wood shall have full bearing and bearing shall be
E. Floor Shea thing
approved by the enacting authority.
Bridges".
comprised of one (,1) solid post (or multi -stud)
1. Grade: Plywood combination sub -floor and
A. "Uniform Building. Code", Chapter 23.
B. RISC "Specifications for the Design, Fabrication, and
constructed in an approved manner unless otherwise
underlayment sheathing continuous over two or
„
B. NFPA National Design Specifications for Wood
,
Erection of Structural Steel for Buildings" including
specified on plans.
more spans shall be tongue and groove with a
minimum thickness, panel index as required for
Construction".
"commentary".
Bracing: Provide 2 x 4 temporary bracing to all beams
the floor joist spacing and as noted � plans.
C. PS 20 "Softwood Lumber Standards".
C. AWS "Structural Weldon Code", comply with applicable
Welding P y pp
projecting V-0" beyond building line to prevent warpage.
Sheathing shall be underlayment grade, C -C
D. WWPA "Standard Grading Rules for Western Lumber".
provisions except as otherwise indicated.
(plugged) and all grades of sanded exterior type
A.
Framinc_r Rafters: shall be framed directly opposite each
other at the ridge. There shall be a ridge board at least 2 -
plywood in group species of 1, 2, or 3.
Materials:
inch nominal thickness at all ridges and not less in depth
2. Floors shall be glue -nailed using glue that .
1.
Structural steel and misceiianeous iron shah conform io AST -M
than the cut end of the rafter. At all valleys or hips there
conl6frns o Amerirar, f1ywood Association
PS20 and applicable framing rules of inspection agencies certified
1-36.
shall be a single valley or hip rafter not less than 2 inches
Spec. AFG-01. .
2.
Cold -formed steel tubing shall conform to ASTM A-500, grade
nominal thickness and not less than the cut end of the
3. Stamp: Sheathing shall be identified by a
moisture Content: Provide seasoned lumber with 19% or less
B
rafters.
registered stamp or brand of the American
3.
Steel Pipe shall conform to ASTM A-53, Type E or S, Grade B.
Rafters shall be nailed to an adjacent ceiling joists to
Plywood Association on each sheet.
4.
Fasteners such as bolts, nuts and screws shall conform to ASTM
3.
Metal hangers and framing anchors of size and type
Refer to structural calculations for any questions regarding
A-307, Grade "A". Provide bolts, nuts, lag bolts, machine screws,
joists are parallel to the rafters. Where not parallel, rafters
recommended for intended use by manufacturer. Hot -dip
lumber grades, beams, and header sizes.
wood screws, toggle bolts, masonry anchorage devices, tock
shall be tied to 2 -inch by 4 -inch (nominal) minimum size
galvanize fasteners and anchorages for work exposed to weather,
Construction materials shall be spread out if placed on framed
washers as required for application indicated. Hot -dip galvanized
cross ties. Rafters ties shall be spaced not more than 4
p ground contact and high relative humidity to silver metal
floors or roof. Load shall not exceed the design live load per
fasteners for exterior applications to comply with ASTM A-153.
4�
products, or approved equal.
Preservative pressure -treated products:
5.
Shop paint: SSPC-Paint 13, shop prime structural steel except
Purlins to support roof loads may be installed to reduce
A. Preservatives: Lumber and plywood with water -borne
structure has not attained design strength.
portions to be embedded in concrete or mortar.
the span of rafters within allowable limits and shall be
preservatives to comply with AWPA C2 and C9
S.
Galvanizing shall conform to ASTM A-386 for assembles
supported by stats to bearing walls. The maximum span
respectively, and UBC standard #25-12.
products; ASTM A-123 for rolled, pressed and forged steel
of a 2 -inch x 8 -inch purlin shall be 8 feet. in no case shall
B. Above Ground: Mood for above -ground use: AWPB LP -
-
shaped, plates, bars and strip 1/8" and thicker; galvanizing repair
a purlin be smaller than the supported rafter. The
2.
paint: MIL -P-21035 or SSPC-Paint-20 or "Galvaloy" paint.
unbraced length of the 2 x 4 struts shall not exceed 8 feet.
C. Roofing: Treat cants, nailers, blocking, stripping and
7.
Weldino rods shall conform to AWS for intended use.
(10 feet for 2 x 6 struts) and the minimum slope of the
similar items in conjunction with roofing, flashing, vapor
8.
Dryer vent (residential) to outside air per Manufacturer's
struts shall not be less than 45 degrees :above the
. barriers, and water -proofing or use Redwood.
.
specifications and local jurisdictional requirements.
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D. Concrete Contact: Treat sills, sleepers, blocking, furring,
D.
Blocking: Rafters more than 8 inches in depth .shall be
stripping and similar items in direct contact with masonry
Execution:
or concrete, or use Redwood.
1.
Comply with AWS D1.1 code for procedures, appearance, and
E. Sill Caulking: Apply a bead of mastic caulking under sill
quality of welds.
plates of all exterior walls at interior bottom of sill plate.
2.
Set base plates on cleaned bearing surfaces,. using wedges or
.
other adjustments as required. Solidly pack open spaces with
Executio.
UBC. Provide 2x solid blocking at 10'-0" intervals for all
bedding mortar, consisting of 1 part Portland cement to 3 parts
1.'
Bracing: All members shall be framed, anchored, tied and braced
sand and onl enou h water for packing and hydration, or use
y 9 P 9 y
so as to develop the strength and rigidity necessary for the
_ ,
commercial non shrink grout material a# erector's option.
purposes for which they are used. Framing Sub -Contractor shall
3.
Splice m embers only where shown on final shop drawings.
adequately brace floor joists to prevent sagging where materials
4.
Cut, drill, or punch holes. Do not flame cut or enlarge holes by
2.
are stockpiled prior to erection.
Let -in bracing Provide 1 x 6 diagonal (at approximately 45
buming.
degrees) every 25'-0" maximum in stud walls not sheathed.
3.
Use materials of size and thickness shown, or, if not shown, of
Bracing shall run continuous from sill plate to top plate. Nail with
required size, grade and thickness to produce strength and
two 8d per stud and three 8d each end to plates.
durability in finished product: Shop paint all items not specified to
3.
All metal connectors shall be "Simpson Strong -Tie Connectors"
be galvanized after fabrication..
or I.C.B.O. approved equivalent in structural design and load
6.
Meld corners and seams continuously, grind exposed welds
values. The nails for these connectors shall be joist hanger nails
smooth and flush. Weld cap on exposed ends of pipes and tubes.
as manufactured by the Simpson Company (or equal).
T.
Fabricate steel pipe railings to dimensions shown, with smooth
4.
Top plates of all stud walls shall be two pieces the same size as
:bends and welded joints using 1-1/2 steel pipe, unless otherwise
studs. Splices to lap 4'-0" minimum and be nailed with 16 - 16d
indicated.
nails minimum.
8.
Touch-up shop paint after installation. Clean field welds, bolted
5.
Bolting: Bolt holes in wood shall be 1/32" to 1/16" larger than the
nnections and abraded areas, and apply same type paint as
nominal bolt diameter. All bolts shall have standard cut washer
used in shop. Use galvanizing repair paint on damaged
under head and nut unless otherwise noted. All bolts shall be
galvanized surfaces.
retightened prior to application of sheathing, gypsum board,
plaster, etc.
6.
Structural members shall not be cut for pipes, etc. unless
specifically detailed.
7. Predrill for naliing when trail spacing results in the wood splitting.
S. Beams and Girders
A. Bearing on masonrv: The ends of beams or girders
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supported on masonry or concrete shall have not less
ROUGH CARPENTRY
than 3 inches of bearing.
General:
B.
Bearing on wood: All beams or girders supported on
1.
All reference specifications are the latest edition adopted or
wood shall have full bearing and bearing shall be
approved by the enacting authority.
comprised of one (,1) solid post (or multi -stud)
A. "Uniform Building. Code", Chapter 23.
constructed in an approved manner unless otherwise
„
B. NFPA National Design Specifications for Wood
specified on plans.
Construction".
C.
Bracing: Provide 2 x 4 temporary bracing to all beams
C. PS 20 "Softwood Lumber Standards".
projecting V-0" beyond building line to prevent warpage.
D. WWPA "Standard Grading Rules for Western Lumber".
9. Roof and Cellina Framina
E. RiS `' Standard Specifications for Grades of Gaiifornia
A.
Framinc_r Rafters: shall be framed directly opposite each
other at the ridge. There shall be a ridge board at least 2 -
Redwood Lumber".
inch nominal thickness at all ridges and not less in depth
2.
Manufactured lum bei, S4S and grade stamped, to comply with
than the cut end of the rafter. At all valleys or hips there
PS20 and applicable framing rules of inspection agencies certified
shall be a single valley or hip rafter not less than 2 inches
by ALSC's board of review.
nominal thickness and not less than the cut end of the
3.
moisture Content: Provide seasoned lumber with 19% or less
rafters.
moisture content at time of dressing and shipment (for sizes 6" or
B.
Rafters shall be nailed to an adjacent ceiling joists to
greater in thickness).
form a continuous tie between exterior walls when such
4.
Refer to structural calculations for any questions regarding
joists are parallel to the rafters. Where not parallel, rafters
lumber grades, beams, and header sizes.
shall be tied to 2 -inch by 4 -inch (nominal) minimum size
5.
Construction materials shall be spread out if placed on framed
cross ties. Rafters ties shall be spaced not more than 4
floors or roof. Load shall not exceed the design live load per
feet on center.
square foot. Provide adequate shoring and/or bracing where
C.
Purlins to support roof loads may be installed to reduce
structure has not attained design strength.
the span of rafters within allowable limits and shall be
.
supported by stats to bearing walls. The maximum span
of a 2 -inch x 8 -inch purlin shall be 8 feet. in no case shall
-
a purlin be smaller than the supported rafter. The
unbraced length of the 2 x 4 struts shall not exceed 8 feet.
.
(10 feet for 2 x 6 struts) and the minimum slope of the
struts shall not be less than 45 degrees :above the
.
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D.
Blocking: Rafters more than 8 inches in depth .shall be
supported laterally at the ends and at each support by
solid blocking not less than 2 inches in thickness and the
.
full depth of the rafter unless nailed to a header, band or
rim joist or to an adjoining stud and as required by 1997
UBC. Provide 2x solid blocking at 10'-0" intervals for all
rafters more than 8" deep. .
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