HomeMy WebLinkAboutRevised Final Draft - 7844 Citrus Avenue
7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue
CEQA Guidelines Section 15183
Streamline Exemption
Lead Agency:
City of Fontana
8353 Sierra Ave
Fontana, CA 92335
Project Applicant:
RC Homes, Inc.
550 N Larchmont Blvd
Los Angeles, CA 90004
CEQA Consultant:
3333 Michelson Drive, Suite 500
Irvine, CA 92612
July 2026
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Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 5
1.1. OVERVIEW OF CEQA GUIDELINES SECTION 15183 .......................................................................... 5
1.2. FONTANA GENERAL PLAN UPDATE 2015-2035 ................................................................................. 5
1.3. PROJECT OVERVIEW .................................................................................................................................. 6
1.4. APPLICABILITY OF STATE CEQA GUIDELINES SECTION 15183 ........................................................ 6
1.5. STATE DENSITY BONUS LAW (CA GOV CODE SECTION 65915) ................................................... 8
1.6. HOUSING ACCOUNTABILITY ACT (SENATE BILL NO. 330) ............................................................... 8
2. PROJECT SETTING........................................................................................................................... 9
2.1. PROJECT LOCATION ................................................................................................................................... 9
2.2. EXISTING LAND USES ................................................................................................................................. 9
2.3. EXISTING GENERAL PLAN AND ZONING DESIGNATIONS................................................................ 9
2.4. SURROUNDING LAND USE, GENERAL PLAN, AND ZONING DESIGNATIONS .............................. 9
3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................ 25
3.1. PROJECT OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................... 25
3.2. PROJECT FEATURES .................................................................................................................................. 25
3.3. CONSTRUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 27
3.4. PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENT(S) FOR ANALYZING STATE CEQA GUIDELINES SECTION
15183 ......................................................................................................................................................... 43
3.5. LOCATION OF PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENT(S) ANALYZING THE EFFECTS OF INFILL
PROJECTS ................................................................................................................................................... 43
3.6. STANDARD CONDITIONS OF APPROVAL .......................................................................................... 43
3.7. DISCRETIONARY APPROVALS, PERMITS, AND STUDIES ................................................................... 44
4. ENVIRONMENTAL CHECKLIST ...................................................................................................... 45
4.1. CHECKLIST FORM ..................................................................................................................................... 45
4.2. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED ..................................................................... 46
4.3. DETERMINATION: (TO BE COMPLETED BY THE LEAD AGENCY)..................................................... 46
5. ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS ....................................................................................................... 48
5.1. AESTHETICS ................................................................................................................................................ 48
5.2. AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY RESOURCES ...................................................................................... 56
5.3. AIR QUALITY .............................................................................................................................................. 59
5.4. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES....................................................................................................................... 71
5.5. CULTURAL RESOURCES ............................................................................................................................ 78
5.6. ENERGY ....................................................................................................................................................... 84
5.7. GEOLOGY AND SOILS ............................................................................................................................ 88
5.8. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS ............................................................................................................ 95
5.9. HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ......................................................................................... 107
5.10. HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY ................................................................................................ 115
5.11. LAND USE PLANNING............................................................................................................................ 122
5.12. MINERAL RESOURCES ............................................................................................................................ 124
5.13. NOISE ........................................................................................................................................................ 126
5.14. POPULATION AND HOUSING ............................................................................................................. 137
5.15. PUBLIC SERVICES .................................................................................................................................... 140
5.16. RECREATION ............................................................................................................................................ 146
5.17. TRANSPORTATION ................................................................................................................................. 149
5.18. TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES ............................................................................................................ 156
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5.19. UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS ........................................................................................................ 161
5.20. WILDFIRE ................................................................................................................................................... 168
6. MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING ........................................................................... 172
7. DOCUMENT PREPARERS AND CONTRIBUTORS ......................................................................... 194
8. REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................... 195
Tables
TABLE 2-1: SURROUNDING LAND USES ................................................................................................................................. 9
TABLE 3-1: RESIDENTIAL UNIT SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................ 25
TABLE AES-1: CONSISTENCY WITH DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS UNDER DENSITY BONUS LAW (DBL) .............................. 50
TABLE AQ-1: SCAQMD REGIONAL DAILY EMISSIONS THRESHOLDS ................................................................................ 61
TABLE AQ-2: REGIONAL PROJECT CONSTRUCTION EMISSION ESTIMATES ......................................................................... 62
TABLE AQ-3: REGIONAL PROJECT OPERATIONAL EMISSIONS ............................................................................................ 62
TABLE AQ-4: LOCALIZED CONSTRUCTION EMISSION ESTIMATES ...................................................................................... 63
TABLE AQ-5: PROJECT CONSTRUCTION HEALTH RISK ....................................................................................................... 64
TABLE E-1: TOTAL CONSTRUCTION FUEL USAGE ................................................................................................................ 85
TABLE E-2: ENERGY CONSUMPTION ESTIMATES DURING PROJECT OPERATION ................................................................ 86
TABLE GHG-1: CONSTRUCTION GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS (MT/YEAR) ................................................................... 97
TABLE GHG-2: OPERATIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS (MT/YEAR) ...................................................................... 97
TABLE GHG-4: 2022 CARB SCOPING PLAN CONSISTENCY SUMMARY ......................................................................... 99
TABLE GHG-5: LOCAL ACTIONS POLICIES (APPENDIX D OF THE 2022 SCOPING PLAN) .............................................. 102
TABLE N-1: NOISE MEASUREMENT LOCATIONS ................................................................................................................ 129
TABLE N-2: FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION DAYTIME CONSTRUCTION NOISE CRITERIA ........................................... 129
TABLE N-3: VIBRATION ANNOYANCE CRITERIA ................................................................................................................ 130
TABLE N-4: VIBRATION DAMAGE CRITERIA ....................................................................................................................... 130
TABLE N-5: TYPICAL CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT NOISE LEVELS ..................................................................................... 131
TABLE N-6: CONSTRUCTION NOISE LEVELS AT THE NEARBY SENSITIVE RECEPTORS ......................................................... 132
TABLE N-7: VIBRATION SOURCE AMPLITUDES FOR CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT ............................................................. 133
TABLE N-8: POTENTIAL CONSTRUCTION VIBRATION ANNOYANCE IMPACTS AT NEAREST RECEPTOR .............................. 134
TABLE N-9: POTENTIAL CONSTRUCTION VIBRATION DAMAGE IMPACTS AT NEAREST RECEPTOR ..................................... 134
TABLE PS-1: STUDENT GENERATION FACTOR ................................................................................................................... 142
TABLE T-1: PROJECT TRIP GENERATION ............................................................................................................................ 151
TABLE 6-1: MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM ............................................................................... 173
Figures
FIGURE 2-1: REGIONAL LOCATION..................................................................................................................................... 11
FIGURE 2-2: LOCAL VICINITY .............................................................................................................................................. 13
FIGURE 2-3: AERIAL VIEW................................................................................................................................................... 15
FIGURE 2-4: EXISTING SITE PHOTO A ................................................................................................................................ 17
FIGURE 2-5: EXISTING SITE PHOTO B ................................................................................................................................. 19
FIGURE 2-6: EXISTING LAND USE ........................................................................................................................................ 21
FIGURE 2-7: EXISTING ZONING .......................................................................................................................................... 23
FIGURE 3-1: CONCEPTUAL SITE PLAN ................................................................................................................................. 29
FIGURE 3-2: ELEVATION A .................................................................................................................................................. 31
FIGURE 3-3: ELEVATION B ................................................................................................................................................... 33
FIGURE 3-4: ELEVATION C .................................................................................................................................................. 35
FIGURE 3-5: ELEVATION D .................................................................................................................................................. 37
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FIGURE 3-6: CONCEPTUAL LANDSCAPE PLAN..................................................................................................................... 39
FIGURE 3-7: RECREATIONAL FACILITIES LANDSCAPE PLAN .................................................................................................. 41
FIGURE N-1: NOISE MEASUREMENT LOCATION ................................................................................................................ 127
Appendices
APPENDIX A AIR QUALITY, ENERGY, AND GREENHOUSE GAS IMPACT ANALYSIS
APPENDIX B GENERAL BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT
APPENDIX C CULTURAL RESOURCES STUDY
APPENDIX D GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING INVESTIGATION
APPENDIX E PALEONTOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT
APPENDIX F PHASE I ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT
APPENDIX G PHASE II ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT
APPENDIX H PRELIMINARY WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLAN
APPENDIX I NOISE AND VIBRATION IMPACT ANALYSIS
APPENDIX J VEHICLE MILES TRAVELLED (VMT) SCREENING MEMO
APPENDIX K HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1.OVERVIEW OF CEQA GUIDELINES SECTION 15183
This CEQA Streamline Exemption evaluates whether the potential environmental impacts of the Project are
addressed in the Fontana General Plan Update 2015-2035 Draft Environmental Impact Report (GPU EIR)
(SCH # 2016021099) pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines (CEQA
Guidelines) Section 15183 (CEQA Streamline Exemption).
As set forth in California Public Resources Code (PRC) Section 21083.3 and State CEQA Guidelines Section
15183, projects that are “consistent with the development density established by the existing zoning,
community plan or general plan policies for which an EIR was certified shall not require additional
environmental review, except as might be necessary to examine whether there are project-specific significant
effects which are peculiar to the project or its site” (State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183(a) and PRC
Section 21083.3(b)). The State CEQA Guidelines further state that “[i]f an impact is not peculiar to the parcel
or to the project, has been addressed as a significant effect in the prior EIR, or can be substantially mitigated
by the imposition of uniformly applied development policies or standards […] then an additional EIR need
not be prepared for the project solely on the basis of that impact” (State CEQA Guidelines Section
15183(c)).”
In Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. City of Turlock, 138 Cal.App.4th 273 (2006), the court stated, “The foregoing
construction of the terms “peculiar to” and “project-specific” promotes efficiency by reducing delay and
needless paperwork and, therefore, is consistent with the purpose underlying the streamlined review of
Guidelines section 15183.”
The court went on to state that “Applying these definitions, a physical change in the environment will be
peculiar to the [Project] if that physical change belongs exclusively or especially to the [Project] or if it is
characteristic of only the [Project].” For example, impacts related to archaeological resources are not
peculiar to the proposed project, since archaeological impacts with mitigation are common with many
development projects in the state.
Similarly, in Gilroy Citizens for Responsible Planning v. City of Gilroy, 140 Cal.App.4th 911 (2006), the court
found that because the project would have significant air quality impacts and because the General Plan EIR
concluded the same, there was nothing peculiar about the project. There is nothing peculiar about a project
with significant impacts if the EIR already analyzed and determined those projects to be significant.
Most recently, in Lucas v. City of Pomona (2023) the Court of Appeal held that “[b]ecause Guidelines section
15183 requires an agency to examine whether a project’s environmental effects were analyzed as
significant impacts in a prior EIR on a general plan or zoning action with which the project is consistent…. the
substantial evidence standard applies.”
1.2.FONTANA GENERAL PLAN UPDATE 2015-2035
In 2016, the City of Fontana initiated a comprehensive update of the General Plan (2003 General Plan)
which was adopted on November 13, 2018 (State Clearinghouse No. 2016021099). The 2018 General
Plan consists of the following mandatory and additional State elements: Land Use, Zoning, and Urban
Development; Economy, Education, and Workforce Development; Housing; Community Mobility and
Circulation; Conservation, Open Space, Parks and Trails; Noise and Safety; Community and Neighborhoods;
Building a Healthier Fontana; Public and Community Services; Infrastructure and Green Systems;
Sustainability and Resilience; and Stewardship and Implementation.
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The GPU EIR evaluated the potential environmental effects from implementation of the General Plan Update
(GPU), and development pursuant to the GPU is subject to mitigation measures identified in the GPU EIR
and the requirements of the City’s Development Code. A project is consistent with the GPU if the development
density does not exceed what was contemplated and analyzed for the parcel(s) in the GPU EIR and complies
with the associated standards applicable to that development density (State CEQA Guidelines Section
15183(i)(2)). Development density standards can include the number of dwelling units per acre, the number
of people in a given area, floor area ratio (FAR), and other measures of building intensity, building height,
size limitations, and use restrictions.
The project site is currently designated with a General Plan Land Use designation of Walkable Mixed-Use
Corridor & Downtown (WMXU-1) and is zoned Form Based Code (FBC). The WMXU-1 land use designation
uses include a variety of medium- to high- density residential types, retail and services, office, entertainment,
education, civic, and open space. Pursuant to the City’s Zoning and Development Code Section 30-406, the
Project site falls within the Neighborhood District. The Neighborhood District under FBC allows for
neighborhood uses such as residential uses, civic uses and/or public park uses.
1.3.PROJECT OVERVIEW
The Project proposes to develop the 5.3-gross acre site with 37 single-family residential units, which would
result in a density of 7.0 dwelling units per acre. The Project site is currently undeveloped with sparse
vegetation consisting of low grasses and scattered shrubs. The proposed Project would consist of 34 market
rate units and 3 very low-income affordable units, which qualifies the Project for a density bonus under the
State of California Density Bonus Law (CA Gov Code Section 65915). The Project would include landscaping,
parking, private roadways, recreation facilities, and utility and stormwater improvements. In addition, the
Project would improve the existing sidewalks along the Project site frontage.
1.4.APPLICABILITY OF STATE CEQA GUIDELINES SECTION 15183
As set forth in State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183(d), the additional environmental review streamlining
applies to projects which meet the following conditions:
1. The project is consistent with:
a. A community plan adopted as part of a general plan,
b. A zoning action which zoned or designated the parcel on which the project would be located to
accommodate a particular density of development, or
c. A general plan of a local agency, and
2. An EIR was certified by the lead agency for the zoning action, the community plan, or the general plan.
Additionally, the environmental review streamlining applies only to the extent that all feasible mitigation
measures identified in the applicable general plan are implemented by the public agency with jurisdiction
to require such mitigation measures (State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183(e)).
The GPU EIR analyzed the impacts of buildout of the GP. As discussed in this analysis, the Project is consistent
with the land uses identified for the site in the GP. The Project site has a GP land use designation of WMXU-
1and is zoned FBC-Neighborhood District. The Project would subdivide the site and develop 37 single-family
residences, which is within the assumptions for land use and growth projections of the GP and allowed under
provisions of the state Density Bonus Law (CA Gov Code Section 65915). Per Wollmer v. City of Berkeley
(2011) 193 Cal.App.4th 1329, in determining whether a project is consistent with applicable general plan
and zoning designations, it is proper for City to apply the provisions of the state Density Bonus law, which
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allows the waiver of zoning or general plan standards when necessary to achieve the density bonus to which
the project is entitled.
As such, the GPU EIR adequately anticipated and analyzed the impacts of development consistent with the
GP, identified applicable mitigation measures necessary to reduce impacts of such development, and
required implementation of the mitigation measures where applicable. The Project follows and implements
that guidance without triggering any new or unanticipated significant impacts. The Project, therefore,
qualifies for an exemption from additional environmental review as set forth in State CEQA Guidelines
Section 15183.
Specifically, the Project qualifies for streamlining because the following findings can be made:
1. The Project is consistent with the development density established by existing zoning, community
plan or general plan policies for which an EIR was certified. The Project would develop the site with
37 single-family residences, which is consistent with the uses analyzed in the GPU EIR and allowed under
the FBC-Neighborhood District designation and allowed under provisions of the state Density Bonus Law
(CA Gov Code Section 65915) as described below under Section 1.5.
2. There are no Project specific effects which are peculiar to the Project or its site, and which the GPU
EIR failed to analyze as significant effects. The subject property is similar to other properties in the
area, including its land use designation and zoning. The property does not support any peculiar
environmental features, and the Project would not result in any peculiar effects.
In addition, as explained further in the CEQA Streamline Exemption below, Project impacts were
adequately analyzed by the GPU EIR. The GPU EIR identified that the GP would not result in significant
and unavoidable environmental impacts that could not be avoided or reduced to less than significant
levels through mitigation measures. The GPU EIR identified eight environmental impact areas for which
mitigation measures were required to reduce potential environmental impacts to a less than significant
level: (1) aesthetics; (2) air quality; (3) biological resources; (4) cultural resources; (5) greenhouse gas
emissions; (6) hazards and hazardous materials; (7) noise; and (8) transportation.
3. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which the GPU EIR failed to
evaluate. The Project is consistent with the density under the state Density Bonus Law (CA Gov Code
Section 65915) and land use characteristics of the development considered by the GPU EIR and would
represent a small part of the growth that was forecasted for build-out of the GP. The GPU EIR considered
the incremental impacts of the Project, and as explained further in the CEQA Exemption, below, no new
Project-specific impacts are anticipated. Therefore, the Project would not result in any potentially
significant cumulative impacts which were not previously evaluated in the GPU EIR. Additionally, the
proposed adjacent sidewalk improvements were analyzed as part of the GP buildout and would not
result in any potentially significant impacts beyond that which was evaluated in the GPU EIR.
4. There is no substantial new information which results in more severe impacts than anticipated by
the GPU EIR. As documented in the CEQA Streamline Exemption below, no new information has been
identified which would result in a determination that the Project would have a more severe impact than
anticipated by the GPU EIR.
5. The Project will undertake feasible mitigation measures specified in the GPU EIR. As explained in
the CEQA Streamline Exemption below, the Project will undertake feasible mitigation measures specified
in the GPU EIR and subsequently adopted by the City. These GPU EIR mitigation measures will be
undertaken through Project design, compliance with regulations and ordinances, the Project’s conditions
of approval, and City permit processing.
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1.5.STATE DENSITY BONUS LAW (CA GOV CODE SECTION 65915)
The Density Bonus Law (DBL) (CA Gov Code Section 65915) encourages the development of affordable
housing by allowing additional density on a property above the maximum density in a jurisdiction’s GP land
use plan. The Project must reserve an allotted number of affordable dwelling units below market rate in
exchange for the density increase. Reductions in required development standards such as setbacks may also
be granted to qualifying applicants. Additional provisions under the DBL include incentives or concessions
providing cost reductions; waivers of development standards that would physically preclude the construction
of a development with incentives granted; and reductions of parking requirements. Incentives are limited in
number and granted on a sliding scale based on the percentage of affordable housing that is provided.
Waivers are potentially unlimited in number.
Pursuant to CA Gov Code Section 65915(d), incentives or concessions shall be granted unless (a) “the
concession or incentive does not result in identifiable and actual cost reductions… to provide for affordable
housing costs… or for rents for the targeted units to be set”; (b) “the concession or incentive would have a
specific, adverse impact…upon public health and safety or on any real property that is listed in the
California Register of Historical Resources and for which there is no feasible method to satisfactorily mitigate
or avoid the specific, adverse impact without rendering the development unaffordable to low-income and
moderate-income households”; (c) or “the concession or incentive would be contrary to state or federal law.”
Waiver requests must be similarly granted when a development standard would physically preclude
construction of a DBL-qualified project., unless the waiver would have a specific adverse impact that cannot
be mitigated or avoided, would have an adverse impact on a property listed in the California Register of
Historical Resources, or would be contrary to state or federal law.
The DBL specifies that “the granting of a density bonus shall not be interpreted, in and of itself, to require a
general plan amendment, zoning change, or other discretionary approval.” Similarly, pursuant to Gov Code
section 65589.5 (the “Housing Accountability Act”), the receipt of a density bonus, incentive, concession,
waiver, or reduction of development standards pursuant to the DBL is not a valid basis on which to conclude
that a proposed housing development project is inconsistent, not in compliance, or not in conformity with
otherwise applicable local land use plan, policies, programs, or standards. As such, the Project is consistent
with CEQA Streamlining requirements under CEQA Guidelines Section 15183(d).
1.6.HOUSING ACCOUNTABILITY ACT (SENATE BILL NO. 330)
The Housing Accountability Act (HAA) (SB 330) precludes a City and/or other public agency from denying,
reducing the density of, or rendering a housing development project for very low, low-, or moderate-income
households and/or an emergency shelter, infeasible, unless the agency can provide specified written findings
of evidence. SB 330 is applicable to the Project as it meets the definition of a “housing development project”
and of “housing for very low-, low-, or moderate-income households” pursuant to CA Gov Code Section
65589.5. The preliminary housing development Project application was submitted on May 12, 2025.
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2. PROJECT SETTING
2.1.PROJECT LOCATION
The Project site is located in the northern portion of the City of Fontana within San Bernardino County. The
Project site is located within Section 01, Township 1 South, Range 6 West San Bernardino Principal Meridian.
Regional access to the Project site is provided via Interstate 15 (I-15). Local access to the Project site is
provided via Tokay Avenue. The Project site and the surrounding area are shown in Figure 2 -1, Regional
Location, and Figure 2-2, Local Vicinity.
The Project site encompasses approximately 5.3 acres and is identified by Assessor’s Parcel Number (APN)
1110-361-10.
2.2.EXISTING LAND USES
The Project site is vacant and undeveloped with sparse vegetation consisting of low grasses and scattered
shrubs. There is an existing chain link fence along the eastern and western boundaries of the site and a block
wall along the northern boundary. The southern boundary of the site is fenced off with both wooden and
chain link fences. Existing conditions of the Project site and adjacent uses are shown in Figure 2-3, Aerial
View, Figure 2-4, Existing Site Photo A, and 2-5, Existing Site Photo B.
2.3.EXISTING GENERAL PLAN AND ZONING DESIGNATIONS
The Project site is currently designated with a General Plan Land Use designation of WMXU-1 and is zoned
FBC, as shown on Figures 2-6, Existing Land Use, and Figure 2-7, Existing Zoning. The WMXU-1 land use
designation uses include a variety of medium- to high- density residential types, retail and services, office,
entertainment, education, civic, and open space. Pursuant to the City’s Zoning and Development Code Section
30-406, the project site falls within the Neighborhood District. The Neighborhood District under FBC allows
for neighborhood uses such as residential uses, civic uses and/or public park uses.
2.4.SURROUNDING LAND USE, GENERAL PLAN, AND ZONING DESIGNATIONS
The Project site is located within an urban and developed area. The surrounding land uses are described in
Table 2-1.
Table 2-1: Surrounding Land Uses
Direction Existing Land Use General Plan Designation Zoning Designation
North Single family residential WMXU-1 FBC
East Citrus Avenue followed by
Single family residential
Residential Planned Community
(R-PC)
Northgate Specific Plan
South Single family residential WMXU-1 FBC
West Tokay Avenue followed by
Tokay Elementary School
Public Facilities (P-PF) Public Facilities (P-PF)
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Regional Location
Figure 2-17844-7866 Citrus Avenue Project
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Sources: Esri, USGS, NOAA, Sources: Esri, Garmin, USGS, NPS
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Local Vicinity
Figure 2-27844-7866 Citrus Avenue
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Sources: Esri, TomTom, Garmin, FAO, NOAA, USGS, (c) OpenStreetMap
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Aerial View
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Existing Site Photo A
Figure 2-47844-7866 Citrus Avenue Project
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Key
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Direction of sight View of Project site from Tokay Avenue, looking southeast.
Sources: Esri, TomTom, Garmin,
FAO, NOAA, USGS, (c)
OpenStreetMap contributors, and
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Existing Site Photo B
Figure 2-57844-7866 Citrus Avenue Project
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View of the Project site from Citrus Avenue, looking northwest.
Sources: Esri, TomTom, Garmin,
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and the GIS User Community,
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Sources: Esri, TomTom, Garmin, FAO, NOAA, USGS, (c) OpenStreetMap contributors, and the
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Existing Land Use
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R-PC Residential Planned Community
R-SF Single Family Residential
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Sources: Esri, TomTom, Garmin, FAO, NOAA, USGS, (c) OpenStreetMap contributors, and the
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Existing Zoning
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3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
3.1.PROJECT OVERVIEW
The Project applicant proposes to subdivide the approximately 5.3-gross acre parcel and develop the site
with 37 single-family residential units. The Project would include landscaping, parking, private roadways,
recreation facilities, and utility and stormwater improvements. In addition, the Project would improve the
existing sidewalks along the Project site frontage. Figure 3-1, Conceptual Site Plan, illustrates the proposed
Project site.
3.2.PROJECT FEATURES
Development Summary
The proposed Project would construct 37 single-family detached residential units on the 5.3-acre site, which
would result in a density of 7.0 dwelling units per acre (du/acre). The proposed Project would include 37
single-family residences, consisting of 34 market rate units and 3 very low-income affordable units which
qualifies the Project for a density bonus under the state Density Bonus Law (CA Gov Code Section 65915).
The units would be comprised of two floor plans that are grouped into four building types. The residences
would have 3 or 4 bedrooms (with a loft as an optional bedroom) and 2.5 bathrooms and would range in
size from 1,682 to 1,669 square feet (SF). Table 3-1 provides a summary of the proposed floor plans.
Table 3-1: Residential Unit Summary
Unit Type No. of Units Bedrooms Bathrooms Unit Square
Footage Lot Square Footage
1A 10 31 2.5 1,669 3,580 SF - 4,117 SF
1B 12 31 2.5 1,669 2,374 SF -4,083 SF
2A 7 4 2.5 1,682 3,953 SF- 4,192 SF
2B 8 4 2.5 1,682 3,950 SF -5,020 SF
1 Includes a loft as an optional bedroom
The proposed residences would be two stories with a maximum height of 26 feet and four inches, measured
from finish grade to top of highest roof ridges. Project elevations would include a variety of architectural
elements, including articulated massing and finish material palates, and have design characteristics consistent
with traditional style. Conceptual elevations of the proposed residential units are provided in Figures 3 -2
through 3-5, Elevations A-D.
Access and Circulation
The Project site would be accessible from Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue. The main driveway to the Project
site would be approximately 35-foot-wide located on Citrus Avenue along the eastern portion of the Project
site. In addition, the Project would include a 26-foot-wide gated driveway for emergency vehicle access
along Tokay Avenue. Internal circulation would be via 26-foot-wide on-site drive aisles.
The Project would include a total of 170 parking spaces. All 37 residential units would include two enclosed
garage spaces for a total of 74 garage stalls. Additionally, 22 units would have full driveways resulting in
44 driveway spaces. The remaining 15 units would only have one on-lot spaces resulting in a total of 15 on-
lot spaces. The Project would also provide 37 open-guest parking spaces throughout the site.
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Recreation and Open Space
The Project would provide an average of approximately 508 SF of front yard landscape and 1,934 SF of
rear yard landscape per unit, for a total of approximately 2,442 SF of private open space per unit.
Additionally, the Project would include approximately 8,004 SF of common recreational space. Recreational
amenities would include a recreation area with a pool and pool deck located in the northeast corner of the
Project site adjacent to the proposed drive aisle “B Drive”, and a community open space area with open
play turf in the southwest corner of the Project adjacent to Tokay Avenue.
The Project would install new drought tolerant landscaping throughout the Project site that requires low water
and maintenance as required by the City’s municipal code. This would include 36-inch and 24-inch box trees
as well as 15-gallon trees and various shrubs. Tree varieties, which have been reviewed and preliminarily
approved by the City of Fontana Planning Department, would include Marina Strawberry, Queen Palm,
Western Redbud, Shrubbery Yew Pine, Chanticleer Callery Pear, and True Green Elm. Trees would be
installed throughout the site and along internal sidewalk areas. The irrigation system would also be designed
for water conservation and in compliance with Fontana’s Municipal Code Section 28-91. Figure 3-6,
Conceptual Landscape Plan, and Figure 3-7, Recreational Facilities Landscape Plan, illustrate the site’s
proposed landscaping.
Fences and Walls
The Project proposes the installation of new block walls up to 6-feet-high along all Project perimeters.
Additionally, a 6-foot-high tubular steel fence would be implemented along the western boundary of the
proposed open space area in the southwest portion of the site. Block walls along the north and south property
edges are proposed to be built on top of retaining walls of up to 3 feet in height. A combination of 6-foot-
high retaining walls and vinyl fencing would also be installed around the interior side yards and backyards
of each residence.
Lighting
Proposed outdoor lighting would be typical of single-family residential uses and would consist of wall-
mounted lighting, pole-mounted lights along the proposed internal roadway. All of the proposed Project’s
outdoor lighting would be directed downward and shielded to minimize off-site and would be designed in
compliance with the provisions in Fontana’s Municipal Code Section 30-471.
Infrastructure Improvements
Gas and Electric
The Project would be serviced by Southern California Edison (SCE) for electricity. The Project would install
underground electric lines throughout the site that would connect to existing SCE infrastructure located along
Tokay Avenue. The Project would be all electric, therefore no gas service provider would be necessary.
Water and Sewer
The Project would install new 6-inch on-site water lines which would connect to the existing 12-inch water line
in Citrus Avenue. The Project would also install new 8-inch sewer lines which would connect to the existing 8-
inch sewer line in Tokay Avenue.
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Stormwater Drainage
The proposed Project would install an underground detention basin in the southwest portion of the site.
Stormwater runoff would flow towards southwest corner for retention and infiltration into underground
infiltration chambers. Overflow would discharge into Tokay Avenue into the 3-foot proposed parkway drain.
Solar
Consistent with the 2025 CA Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24 Part 6), the Project would include
photovoltaic (PV) solar panels on the rooftops of each residence and meet all other Title 24 Part 6
requirements related to energy efficiency.
3.3.CONSTRUCTION
Construction activities for the Project would occur over one phase lasting approximately 16 months, beginning
the third quarter of 2026 and ending the first quarter of 2028. Construction would occur in the following
stages: (1) site preparation and grading; (2) building construction; (3) paving; and (4) architectural coatings.
Construction activities would be limited to the hours between 7:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. on weekdays and
between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. pursuant to Fontana’s Municipal Code Section 18-63. While
not anticipated, if offsite improvements occur during nighttime hours between 9:00 p.m. to 5:00 a.m. due to
the site’s proximity to an operating school, a separate permit would be required.
The proposed Project would result in a cut of 42,214 cubic yards (CY) of soil and a fill of 52,951 CY of soil
totaling a net import of approximately 10,737 CY of soil.
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3.4.PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENT(S) FOR ANALYZING STATE CEQA
GUIDELINES SECTION 15183
Fontana GPU EIR, certified June 8, 2018. State Clearinghouse Number 2016021099.
3.5.LOCATION OF PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENT(S) ANALYZING THE
EFFECTS OF INFILL PROJECTS
Fontana Planning Department, 8353 Sierra Avenue, Fontana, CA 92335; and accessible online on the City’s
website: https://www.fontana.org/2632/General-Plan-Update-2015---2035
3.6.STANDARD CONDITIONS OF APPROVAL
Cultural Resources
a. Upon discovery of any tribal cultural or archaeological resources, cease construction activities in the
immediate vicinity of the find until the find can be assessed. All tribal cultural and archaeological
resources unearthed by Project construction activities shall be evaluated by the qualified archaeologist
and tribal monitor/consultant. If the resources are Native American in origin, interested Tribes (as a
result of correspondence with area Tribes) shall coordinate with the landowner regarding treatment
and curation of these resources. Typically, the Tribe will request preservation in place or recovery for
educational purposes. Work may continue on other parts of the project while evaluation takes place.
b. Preservation in place shall be the preferred manner of treatment. If preservation in place is not
feasible, treatment may include implementation of archaeological data recovery excavation to remove
the resource along the subsequent laboratory processing and analysis. All Tribal Cultural Resources
shall be returned to the Tribe. Any historic archaeological material that is not Native American in origin
shall be curated at a public, non-profit institution with a research interest in the materials, if such an
institution agrees to accept the material. If no institution accepts the archaeological material, they shall
be offered to the Tribe or a local school or historical society in the area for educational purposes.
c. Archaeological and Native American monitoring and excavation during construction projects shall be
consistent with current professional standards. All feasible care to avoid any unnecessary disturbance,
physical modification, or separation of human remains and associated funerary objects shall be taken.
Principal personnel shall meet the Secretary of the Interior standards for archaeology and have a
minimum of 10 years’ experience as a principal investigator working with Native American
archaeological sites in southern California. The Qualified Archaeologist shall ensure that all other
personnel are appropriately trained and qualified.
Noise
The construction contractor will use the following source controls at all times:
a. Construction shall be limited to 7:00 am to 6:00 pm on weekdays, 8:00 am to 5:00 pm on Saturdays,
and no construction on Sundays and Holidays unless it is approved by the building inspector for cases
that are considered urgently necessary as defined in Section 18-63(7) of the Municipal Code.
b. For all noise-producing equipment, use types and models that have the lowest horsepower and the
lowest noise generating potential practical for their intended use.
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c. The construction contractor will ensure that all construction equipment, fixed or mobile, is properly
operating (tuned-up) and lubricated, and that mufflers are working adequately.
d. Have only necessary equipment onsite.
e. Use manually-adjustable or ambient-sensitive backup alarms. When working adjacent to residential
use(s), the construction contractor will also use the following path controls, except where not physically
feasible, when necessary:
i. Install portable noise barriers, including solid structures and noise blankets, between the active noise
sources and the nearest noise receivers.
ii. Temporarily enclose localized and stationary noise sources.
iii. Store and maintain equipment, building materials, and waste materials as far as practical from as
many sensitive receivers as practical.
3.7.DISCRETIONARY APPROVALS, PERMITS, AND STUDIES
In accordance with State CEQA Guidelines Sections 15050 and 15367, the City is the designated Lead
Agency for the Project and has principal authority and jurisdiction for CEQA actions and Project approval.
Responsible Agencies are those agencies that have jurisdiction or authority over one or more aspects
associated with the development of a proposed Project and/or mitigation. Trustee Agencies are state
agencies that have jurisdiction by law over natural resources affected by a proposed Project. There are no
Responsible Agencies or Trustee Agencies, or any other public agencies, whose approval is required for
approving this Project.
The following discretionary approval and permits are anticipated from the City of Fontana to be necessary
for implementation of the proposed Project:
• Subdivision/Tentative Tract Map (TTM)
• Design Review Project
• Density Bonus Request
• Adoption of this CEQA Streamline Exemption with the determination that the document has been
prepared in compliance with the requirements of CEQA.
Approvals and permits necessary to execute the proposed Project, including but not limited to, demolition
permit, grading permit, building permit, etc.
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4. ENVIRONMENTAL CHECKLIST
4.1.CHECKLIST FORM
Project Title: 7844-7866 Citrus Avenue Project
Lead Agency Name and Address: City of Fontana, 8353 Sierra Avenue, Fontana, CA 92335
Contact Person and Phone Number: Alejandro Rico, Associate Planner, (909) 350-6558,
ARico@fontanaca.gov
Project Location: The Project site is located at 7844-7866 Citrus Avenue (APN: 1110-361-10)
Project Sponsor’s Name and Address: RC Homes, Inc., 550 N Larchmont Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90004
General Plan Designation: Walkable Mixed-Use Corridor & Downtown (WMXU-1)
Zoning: FBC- Neighborhood District
Project Description: The Project proposes to develop the 5.3-acre site with 37 single-family residential
units. The proposed Project would consist of 34 market rate units and 3 very low-income affordable units,
which qualifies the Project for a density bonus under the state Density Bonus Law (CA Gov Code Section
65915) and yields a Project density of 7.0 du/acre. The Project would include landscaping, parking,
private roadways, recreation facilities, and utility and stormwater improvements. In addition, the Project
would improve the existing sidewalks along the Project site frontage.
Surrounding Land Uses and Setting: The Project site is located within an urban area. The surrounding
land uses include single-family residential to the north, Tokay Avenue followed by Tokay Elementary
School to the west, single-family residential to the south, and Citrus Avenue followed by single-family
residential.
Other Public Agencies Whose Approval is Required: Not Applicable.
Have California Native American tribes traditionally and culturally affiliated with the project area
requested consultation pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21080.3.1? If so, is there a plan
for consultation that includes, for example, the determination of significance of impacts to tribal
cultural resources, procedures regarding confidentiality, etc.?
Assembly Bill (AB) 52 (Chapter 532, Statutes of 2014) establishes a formal consultation process for
California tribes as part of the CEQA process and equates significant impacts on tribal cultural resources
with significant environmental impacts (PRC Section 21084.2). AB 52 requires that lead agencies
undertaking CEQA review evaluate, just as they do for other historical and archeological resources, a
project’s potential impact to a tribal cultural resource. In addition, AB 52 requires that lead agencies,
upon request of a California Native American tribe, begin consultation prior to the release of a negative
declaration, mitigated negative declaration, or environmental impact report for a project. AB 52 does
not apply to an Exemption or Addendum, such as this CEQA Streamline Exemption (State CEQA
Guidelines Section 15183). As such, AB 52 noticing is not required for this Project.
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4.2.ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED
The subject areas checked below were determined to have new significant environmental effects or to be
previously identified effects that have a substantial increase in severity either due to a change in project,
change in circumstances, or new information of substantial importance, as indicated by the checklist and
discussion on the following pages. As described throughout Section 5.0, Environmental Analysis, no subject
areas were identified to have potential new significant effects.
Aesthetics Agriculture/Forestry Resources Air Quality
Biological Resources Cultural Resources Energy
Geology/Soils Greenhouse Gas Emissions Hazards/Hazardous Materials
Hydrology/Water Quality Land Use/Planning Mineral Resources
Noise Population/Housing Public Services
Recreation Transportation Tribal Cultural Resources
Utilities/Service Systems Wildfire Mandatory Findings of
Significance
4.3.DETERMINATION: (TO BE COMPLETED BY THE LEAD AGENCY)
On the basis of this initial evaluation:
I find that the proposed Project WOULD NOT result in: 1) a peculiar impact that was not identified
as a significant impact under the prior EIR; 2) a significant impact that was not analyzed as
significant in the prior EIR; 3) a potentially significant off-site impact or cumulative impact not
discussed in the prior EIR; or 4) a more severe impact due to substantial new information that was
not known at the time the prior EIR. NO FURTHER ACTION is required and a Notice of Exemption
(Section 15094) will be filed indicating that the Project IS ELIGIBLE for an EXEMPTION under State
CEQA Guidelines Section 15183.
I find that the proposed Project would result in: 1) a peculiar impact that was not identified as a
significant impact under the prior EIR; 2) a significant impact that was not analyzed as significant in
the prior EIR; 3) a potentially significant off-site impact or cumulative impact not discussed in the
prior EIR; or 4) a more severe impact due to substantial new information that was not known at the
time the prior EIR. I find that FURTHER ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW is necessary to analyze those
effects that are subject to CEQA, and therefore, this Project is NOT ELIGIBLE for an EXEMPTION
under State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183.
___________________________________________________________________________________
Signature Date
___________________________________________________________________________________
Printed Name Title
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Evaluation of Environmental Impacts
This CEQA Streamline Exemption provides an analysis of potential environmental impacts resulting from the
Project. Following the format of CEQA Guidelines Appendix G Checklist, environmental effects are
evaluated to determine if the Project would result in a potentially significant impact triggering additional
review under State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183.
• Items checked “Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated” indicates that the Project could result
in a peculiar impact, including a physical change that belongs exclusively or especially to the Project or
that is a distinctive characteristic of the Project or the Project site and that peculiar impact is not
substantially mitigated by the imposition of uniformly applied development policies or standards. (State
CEQA Guidelines Section 15183(b)(1), and (f)).
• Items checked “Impact not Analyzed as Significant Effect in GPU EIR/SEIR” indicates that the Project
could result in a significant effect that was not analyzed as significant in the GPU EIR. Such a Project
impact is not significant if it can be substantially mitigated by the imposition of uniformly applied
development policies or standards. (State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183(b)(2), (c), and (f)).
• Items checked “Potentially Significant Offsite or Cumulative Impact Not Discussed in GPU EIR/SEIR”
indicates the Project could result in a significant offsite or cumulative impact that was not discussed in the
GPU EIR/SEIR. Such an offsite or cumulative Project impact is not significant if it can be substantially
mitigated by the imposition of uniformly applied development policies or standards. (State CEQA
Guidelines Section 15183(b)(3), (c), and (f)).
• Items checked “Adverse Impact More Severe Based on Substantial New Information” indicates that there
is new information that leads to a determination that the Project impact is more severe than discussed in
the GPU EIR/SEIR. Such an impact is not more severe if it can be substantially mitigated by the imposition
of uniformly applied development policies or standards. (State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183(b)(4)(c)
and(f)).
• Items checked “No New Impact” indicates that potential impacts from the Project have been adequately
analyzed in the GPU EIR/SEIR.
A project does not qualify for a Community Plan Exemption if it is determined that it would result in one or
more of the following: (1) a peculiar impact that was not identified as a significant impact under the GPU
EIR, (2) a significant impact was not analyzed as significant in the GPU EIR, (3) a potentially significant off-
site impact or cumulative impact not discussed in the GPU EIR, or (4) a more severe impact due to substantial
new information that was not known at the time the GPU EIR was certified. However, if a project having any
of the foregoing impacts can be substantially mitigated through the imposition of uniformly applied
development policies or standards, then an additional EIR does not need to be prepared based solely on
that impact. Uniformly applied development policies or standards that are applicable to the proposed
Project are included within this analysis.
A summary of the City’s analysis of each potential environmental impact related to the proposed Project is
provided in the checklist below for each environmental topic area.
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5. ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
This section provides evidence to substantiate the conclusions in the environmental checklist. The section briefly
summarizes the conclusions of the GPU EIR, and then discusses whether or not the proposed Project is consistent
with the findings contained in the GPU EIR, or if further analysis is required pursuant to CEQA. Mitigation
measures referenced herein are from the GPU EIR.
5.1.AESTHETICS
Project
Peculiar
Impact that is
not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
Except as provided in Public Resources
Code Section 21099, would the Project:
a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a
scenic vista?
b) Substantially damage scenic resources,
including, but not limited to, trees, rock
outcroppings, and historic buildings within
a state scenic highway?
c) In non-urbanized areas, substantially
degrade the existing visual character or
quality of public views of the site and its
surroundings? (Public views are those that
are experienced from publicly accessible
vantage point). If the Project is in an
urbanized area, would the Project conflict
with applicable zoning and other
regulations governing scenic quality?
d) Create a new source of substantial light
or glare which would adversely affect
day or nighttime views in the area?
Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to aesthetics on pages 5.1-1 through 5.1-17. The GPU EIR determined
that buildout of the GP would not result in a substantial adverse effect on a scenic visa or alter scenic
resources within a state scenic highway. The GPU EIR describes that buildout of the GP would not degrade
the existing visual character or quality of scenic views. The GPU also determined that buildout of the GP
would create new sources of light or glare in portions of the City, but none of these would adversely affect
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day or nighttime views in the area. As such, the GPU EIR determined impacts related to aesthetics would be
less than significant.
Project-Specific Impacts
a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.1-6 through 5.1-7 and was determined
to have a less than significant impact.
Scenic vistas consist of expansive, panoramic views of important, unique, or highly valued visual features that
are seen from public viewing areas. This definition combines visual quality with information about view
exposure to describe the level of interest or concern that viewers may have for the quality of a particular
view or visual setting. The GPU EIR notes that visual resources within Fontana include views of the San Gabriel
mountains to the north and Jurupa Hills to the south.
The Project site is currently vacant and undeveloped. Existing vegetation is sparse and limited to low grasses
and scattered shrubs. There is an existing chain link fence along the eastern and western boundaries of the
site and a block wall along the northern boundary. The southern boundary of the site is fenced off with both
wooden and chain link fences.
Distant views of the San Gabriel Mountains are available from public vantage points on both Citrus Avenue
and Tokay Avenue. The Project proposes to develop the site with a new residential community and would
construct 37 detached, two-story single-family residences on the 5.3-acre site. This would result in a density
of 7.0 du/acre. While development of the site would limit views of the foreground available across the
vacant site shown in Figures 2-4 and 2-5, Existing Site Photo A and B, the new residential units would be set
back from the adjacent streets and would not encroach into the existing public long-distance views. The
proposed Project includes minimum front yard setbacks of 4 feet for each unit. Thus, the Project would not
encroach upon views of the mountains from pedestrians and motorists along Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue.
The GPU EIR determined that proposed improvements under the GP would occur within a predominately
built-out, urbanized area, and therefore, future views would be similar to existing views. The proposed
Project is consistent with the Fontana development standards for the land use and zoning designation of the
Project site as shown in Table AES-1, and therefore, the Project would result in less than significant impacts
on views of scenic resources (distant mountain views).
The Project would not impact any scenic vistas or protected viewsheds, and the Project is consistent with
surrounding uses and Fontana’s development standards. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the
findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
b) Substantially damage scenic resources, including trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings
within a state scenic highway?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.1-8 through 5.1-9 and was determined
to have a less than significant impact.
The proposed Project would not damage any scenic resources or historic buildings within a state scenic
highway. The Project site is currently undeveloped, vacant, and surrounded by residential neighborhoods.
Furthermore, there are no officially designated State Scenic Highways in the City of Fontana or in the vicinity
of the Project site (City of Fontana, 2018). The closest eligible State Scenic Highway is State Route 38 (SR
38), located approximately 19 roadway miles from the Project site (Caltrans, 2018). Additionally, as
described in the GPU EIR, the City does not contain rock outcroppings.
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The Project site is not visible from SR 38, therefore the Project would not substantially damage scenic
resources, including trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a State Scenic Highway. As such,
the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR, and the Project would result in
no new impact.
c) In non-urbanized areas, substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of public
views of the site and its surroundings? (Public views are those that are experienced from publicly
accessible vantage point). If the Project is in an urbanized area, would the Project conflict with
applicable zoning and other regulations governing scenic quality?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.1-10 through 5.1-15 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact.
The Project is located in an urbanized area that has been mostly built-out. As described previously in Section
2, Project Setting, the Project site has an existing GP land use designation of WMXU-1 and a zoning
designation of FBC-Neighborhood District. Pursuant to the state Density Bonus Law (DBL) (CA Gov Code
Section 65915), the Project qualifies for waivers and incentives of the existing development standards under
the DBL as needed to accommodate the proposed very low-income units. Table AES-1 below compares the
Project’s consistency with Fontana’s development standards under the DBL.
Table AES-1: Consistency with Development Standards under Density Bonus Law (DBL)
Development Feature Fontana Development
Standards
Incentive
or Waiver
Proposed Project Consistency
Setbacks:
Front Street
Side Street
Side – Interior
Rear
Min: 10 ft.; Max: 25 ft
Min: 10 ft.; Max 25 ft.
10 ft.
10 ft.
Waiver
Waiver
Waiver
N/A
Consistent. Under the state Density
Bonus Law, the Project satisfies
affordability requirements and these
standards would physically preclude
construction of the Project as designed.
The invocation of a waiver is not a basis
for a determination of inconsistency with
the development standard at issue.
Proposed Standard with Justified
Waiver:
• Front Street Setback: Reduced
from 10 ft. to varying setbacks (4
ft. min.)
• Side Street: Reduced from 10 ft.
to varying setbacks (4 ft. min.)
• Side (Interior) Setback: Reduced
from 5 ft. to varying setbacks (4 ft
min.)
Consistent:
• Rear: Varying setbacks (10 ft.
min.)
Lot Size:
Lot Width
Lot Depth
50 ft.
75 ft.
Waiver
Waiver
Consistent. Under the state Density
Bonus Law, the Project satisfies
affordability requirements, and these
standards would physically preclude
construction of the Project as designed.
The invocation of a waiver is not a basis
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Development Feature Fontana Development
Standards
Incentive
or Waiver
Proposed Project Consistency
for a determination of inconsistency with
the development standard at issue.
Proposed Standard with Justified
Waiver:
• Lot Width: Reduced from 50 ft. to
varying widths (40 ft. min.)
• Lot Depth: Reduced from 75 ft. to
varying depths (48 ft. min.)
Frontage Types:
Porch
Dooryard
Stoop
The referenced sections are
applicable:
(Section 30-375 specifies
frontage types; Sections
30-381-Porch, 30-382-
Dooryard, and 30-383-
Stoop specify allowed sizes
and minimum/maximum
dimensions.
Incentive
#1
Consistent. Under the state Density
Bonus Law, the Project satisfies
affordability requirements and the
Project requests an ‘incentive’ to allow
for provision of enhanced frontage
types on selected lots. The justification
for this incentive is economic, as the
requested alternative standards will
save the Project in development costs.
Maximum Height 40 ft. N/A Consistent. The proposed units would
have a maximum height of 26’ 4”.
Parking 2 spaces for 2-4 bedrooms N/A Consistent. The Project would include
two fully enclosed garage spaces per
unit for a total of 74 covered parking
spots. The Project also includes 44
private driveway stalls, 15 on-lot stalls,
and 37 open guest stalls.
Parking Space Setbacks:
Front Street
Side Street
Side – Interior
Rear property/rear alley
Min: 20 ft
Min: 5 ft.
0 ft.
0 ft.
Waiver
Waiver
N/A
N/A
Consistent. Under the state Density
Bonus Law, the Project satisfies
affordability requirements and these
standards would physically preclude
construction of the Project as designed.
The invocation of a waiver is not a basis
for a determination of inconsistency with
the development standard at issue.
Proposed Standard with Justified
Waiver:
• Front Street Setback: Reduced
from 20 ft. to 4 ft.
• Side Street: Reduced from 5 ft. to
4 ft.
Consistent:
• Side (Interior) Setback: 0’
• Rear: 0’
Wall & Fence Material The referenced section:
(30-389(a)(2)), requires the
use of masonry materials
Incentive
#2
Consistent. Under the state Density
Bonus Law, the Project satisfies
affordability requirements and the
Project requests an ‘incentive’ to allow
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Development Feature Fontana Development
Standards
Incentive
or Waiver
Proposed Project Consistency
for sound reduction
purposes
substitution of vinyl fencing in place of
masonry materials. The justification for
this incentive is economic, as the
requested alternative standards for
walls and fences will save the Project in
development costs.
Common Open
Space/Amenities
Development projects over
two acres shall develop
five percent of the site as
common open space or
public open space.
Waiver Consistent. Under the state Density
Bonus Law, the Project satisfies
affordability requirements and these
standards would physically preclude
construction of the Project as designed.
The invocation of a waiver is not a basis
for a determination of inconsistency with
the development standard at issue.
Proposed Standard with Justified
Waiver:
• Reduced from 5% to 3.5% of site
Pedestrian Access Main entrance location:
Primary street
Ground floor space and
upper unit shall have
separate entries.
Waiver Consistent. Under the state Density
Bonus Law, the Project satisfies
affordability requirements and these
standards would physically preclude
construction of the Project as designed.
The invocation of a waiver is not a basis
for a determination of inconsistency with
the development standard at issue.
Proposed Standard with Justified
Waiver:
• Main entrance location may be
allowed from any adjacent
existing or public street or
proposed private street or
driveway
Building Placement vis-à-
vis Parking
Living area or a front
porch shall be forward
of the garage, if
provided.
Waiver Consistent. Under the state Density
Bonus Law, the Project satisfies
affordability requirements and these
standards would physically preclude
construction of the Project as designed.
The invocation of a waiver is not a basis
for a determination of inconsistency with
the development standard at issue.
Proposed Standard with Justified
Waiver:
• On interior facing lots facing
private streets or driveways,
garages (if provided) may be
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Development Feature Fontana Development
Standards
Incentive
or Waiver
Proposed Project Consistency
forward of living area or a front
porch
Bicycle Parking – Long
Term Share
80% of required parking
shall be for long term
bicycle parking.
Waiver Consistent. Under the state Density
Bonus Law, the Project satisfies
affordability requirements and these
standards would physically preclude
construction of the Project as designed.
The invocation of a waiver is not a basis
for a determination of inconsistency with
the development standard at issue.
Proposed Standard with Justified
Waiver:
• Long-term bicycle would be
provided in garages or fenced
private yards of residential units.
• Parking in common area would be
for short-term use only.
Notes: ft. = feet; SF = square feet
Source: Sections 30-364, 30-375; 30-381, 30-382, 30-383, and 30-389 of the Fontana Municipal Code
Consistent with the DBL, waivers shall be granted unless certain written findings can be made otherwise. As
shown in Table AES-1, the Project would be consistent with standards in the Fontana Municipal Code under
the Density Bonus Law and would not conflict with an applicable zoning regulation related to scenic quality.
Therefore, impacts related to the build-out of the proposed residences would be less than significant.
Construction activities associated with the proposed Project would occur in the following stages: (1) site
preparation, (2) grading, (3) building construction, (4) paving, and (5) architectural coating/striping.
Construction-related impacts would be short-term and temporary, lasting only as long as the 16-month
construction period. However, during construction, equipment and staging areas would be set up within the
Project site which would temporarily alter the visual character of the site and surrounding area. GPU
Mitigation Measure AES-1 would require construction documents to include language that requires all
construction contractors to strictly control the staging of construction equipment and the cleanliness of
construction equipment stored or driven beyond the limits of the construction work area. Mitigation Measure
AES-1 would require construction documents to include language requiring that construction vehicles be kept
clean and free of mud and dust prior to leaving the development site. GPU Mitigation Measure AES-1 would
also prohibit on-street parking of construction worker vehicles on residential streets. As such, GPU EIR
Mitigation Measure AES-1 would be incorporated into construction documents to relieve the visual distractions
typically associated with construction activities commonly encountered in developed areas. With
implementation of GPU Mitigation Measure AES-1, impacts related to visual distractions related to
construction would be less than significant.
Therefore, the Project would not conflict with an applicable zoning regulation related to scenic quality. As
such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project
would result in no new impact.
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d) Create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day or nighttime
views in the area?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.1-15 through 5.1-16 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact. The GPU EIR determined that few significant changes are
expected in the land use patterns in north and south of the City with implementation of GP future planned
improvements, and any changes will continue to be governed by the land use regulations and development
standards in the specific plans for these areas.
As described above, the Project site is currently undeveloped and vacant. Additionally, the Project site is
surrounded by sources of nighttime lighting that includes illumination from vehicle headlights along Citrus
Avenue and Tokay Avenue, security lighting from adjacent uses, and from interior illumination from nearby
residential homes passing through windows. Sensitive receptors relative to lighting and glare include
residents, motorists, and pedestrians.
The Project would introduce new sources of light from new building lighting, exterior lighting, interior lights
shining through building windows, and headlights from nighttime vehicular trips generated from the Project.
However, the proposed Project would be required to comply with lighting standards detailed in Section 30-
471 of the Fontana Municipal Code, which would require Project lighting to be controlled and shielded to
prevent glare and undesirable illumination to on- and off-site residents, pedestrians and motorists
(Regulatory Requirement (RR) AES-1). Additionally, lighting design must be compatible with the architectural
style of related buildings (City of Fontana, 2018). With compliance with lighting provisions, impacts related
to increased sources of light would be less than significant.
Glare can emanate from many different sources, some of which include direct sunlight, sunlight reflecting
from cars or buildings, and bright outdoor or indoor lighting. Glare in the Project vicinity is generated by
building and vehicle windows reflecting light. However, there are no substantial buildings or structures near
the Project site that presently generate substantial glare since most of the buildings are one or two-story
structures that are constructed of non-reflective materials and are not surfaced with a substantial number of
windows adjacent to one another that would create a large reflective area.
The proposed building materials do not consist of highly reflective materials, lights would be shielded
consistent with FDC requirements, and the proposed landscaping and walls along Project boundaries would
screen sources of light and reduce the potential for glare. The proposed Project would create limited new
sources of light or glare from security and site lighting but would not adversely affect day or nighttime views
in the area given the similarity of the existing lighting in the surrounding urbanized environment. With
implementation of the regulatory requirements, included as GPU RR AES-1, impacts related to light and
glare would be less than significant.
Conclusion
With regards to the issue area of Aesthetics, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed by the
GPU EIR.
3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated by the GPU EIR.
4. A feasible mitigation measure contained within the GPU EIR (AES-1) would be applied to the Project.
The mitigation measure, as detailed below, would require language in construction documents that all
construction contractors to strictly control the staging of construction equipment and the cleanliness of
construction equipment stored or driven beyond the limits of the construction work area.
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Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR)
RR AES-1. Glare and Outdoor Lighting Standards. The Project is required to comply with Fontana Municipal
Code Section 30-471 which requires light fixtures to be directed downward and shielded so that light and
glare is confined within the boundaries of the Project site.
GPU Goals and Policies
GPU aesthetic resource related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the
following:
Community and Neighborhoods Element
Goal 4: Traditional and master-planned neighborhoods of single-family houses continue to thrive and attract
family households.
Policy: Continue to support existing traditional and master-planned neighborhoods with excellent City
services.
Goal 5: New housing developments are organized as walkable villages linked to citywide destinations.
Policy: Support regulations that promote creation of compact and walkable urban village-style design in
new developments.
Goal 6: The safe, attractive, and lively central part of the city has new infill development and infrastructure
and public realm improvements.
Policy: Support revitalization of the central area of the city with an integrated approach including mixed -
use development, infill housing, infrastructure improvements, interconnections, and placemaking programs.
Land Use, Zoning and Urban Design Element
Goal 2: Fontana development patterns support a high quality of life and economic prosperity.
Policies:
• Preserve and enhance stable residential neighborhoods.
• Preserve land to achieve an interconnected network of environmentally sensitive areas, parks, multi-use
paths, and recreation areas.
Goal 7: Public and private development meets high design standards.
Policy: Support high-quality development in design standards and in land use decisions.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AES-1. For future development located in or immediately adjacent to
residentially zoned properties, construction documents shall include language that requires all construction
contractors to strictly control the staging of construction equipment and the cleanliness of construction
equipment stored or driven beyond the limits of the construction work area. Construction equipment shall be
parked and staged within the Project site to the extent practical. Staging areas shall be screened from view
from residential properties with solid wood fencing or green fence. Construction worker parking may be
located off-site with approval of the City; however, on-street parking of construction worker vehicles on
residential streets shall be prohibited. Vehicles shall be kept clean and free of mud and dust before leaving
the Project site. Surrounding streets shall be swept daily and maintained free of dirt and debris.
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5.2.AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY RESOURCES
In determining whether impacts to
agricultural resources are significant
environmental effects, lead agencies may
refer to the California Agricultural Land
Evaluation and Site Assessment Model
(1997) prepared by the California Dept.
of Conservation as an optional model to
use in assessing impacts on agriculture and
farmland. In determining whether impacts
to forest resources, including timberland,
are significant environmental effects, lead
agencies may refer to information
compiled by the California Department of
Forestry and Fire Protection regarding the
state’s inventory of forest land, including
the Forest and Range Assessment Project
and the Forest Legacy Assessment Project;
and forest carbon measurement
methodology provided in Forest Protocols
adopted by the California Air Resources
Board. Would the Project:
Project
Peculiar
Impact that is
not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
a) Convert Prime Farmland, Unique
Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide
Importance (Farmland), as shown on the
maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland
Mapping and Monitoring Program of the
California Resources Agency, to non-
agricultural use?
b) Conflict with existing zoning for
agricultural use, or a Williamson Act
contract?
c) Conflict with existing zoning for, or cause
rezoning of, forest land (as defined in
Public Resources Code section 12220(g)),
timberland (as defined by Public Resources
Code section 4526), or timberland zoned
Timberland Production (as defined by
Government Code section 51104(g))?
d) Result in the loss of forest land or
conversion of forest land to non-forest use?
e) Involve other changes in the existing
environment which, due to their location or
nature, could result in conversion of
Farmland, to non-agricultural use or
conversion of forest land to non-forest use?
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Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
The GPU EIR discussed impacts to agricultural resources on page 7-10. The GPU EIR discusses that the City’s
Resource Area (OS-R) zoning district includes agricultural land, which accounts for approximately 332 acres
(less than 2 percent) of the GPU area. However, the GP does not propose any changes to this land use or
the associated zoning code. Additionally, the GPU EIR notes that no portion of the City is designated or
zoned (or proposed to be designated or zoned) as forest land or timberland. Therefore, the GPU EIR
determined that the GPU would have no impact related to agriculture and forestry resources.
Project-Specific Impacts
a) Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance, as shown on the
maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program of the California
Resources Agency, to non-agricultural use?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 7-10 and was found to have no significant
impact. The Project site is not identified as Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland or Farmland of Statewide
Importance by the California Department of Conservation’s California Important Farmland Finder Map. The
Project site is identified as Urban and Built-up Land (California Department of Conservation, 2025).
Therefore, given that the Project site is not identified for agricultural use, and that no Prime Farmland, Unique
Farmland or Farmland of Statewide Importance has been identified within the Project site, implementation
of the proposed Project would not convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide
Importance to non-agricultural use. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts on conversion of
important farmland to non-agricultural use. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings
contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
b) Conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson Act contract?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 7-10 and was found to have no significant
impact. According to the California Department of Conservation’s Williamson Act Enrollment Finder, the
Project site is not under a Williamson Act Contract (California Department of Conservation, 2024). As
identified above, the Project is consistent with the GP land use designation of WMXU-1 and zoning
designation of FBC-Neighborhood District. Further, the Project site does not currently support agricultural
uses, nor is it zoned specifically for agricultural uses. Therefore, the Project would not result in a conflict with
existing zoning for agricultural use or a Williamson Act contract. As such, the proposed Project is consistent
with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
c) Conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land (as defined in Public Resources
Code section 12220(g)), timberland (as defined by Public Resources Code section 4526), or
timberland zoned Timberland Production (as defined by Government Code section 51104(g))?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 7-10 and was found to have no significant
impact because no portion of the City is designated or zoned as forest land or timberland. The Project site
consists of undeveloped land that is vacant with some vegetation consisting of weeds and low grasses. No
forest land exists on or adjacent to the Project site. The Project site is not zoned for forest land or timberland
uses. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts related to conflicts with existing forest land or
timberland zoning. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR
impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
d) Result in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to non-forest use?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 7-10 and was found to have no significant
impact because no portion of the City is designated or zoned as forest land or timberland. The Project site
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consists of undeveloped land that is vacant with some vegetation consisting of weeds and low grasses. No
forest land exists on or adjacent to the Project site. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts
related to conversion of forest land to non-forest use. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the
findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
e) Involve other changes in the existing environment which, due to their location or nature, could result
in conversion of Farmland to non-agricultural use or conversion of forest land to non-forest use?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 7-10 and was found to have no significant
impact. As identified above, the Project site is not identified as Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland or
Farmland of Statewide Importance by the California Department of Conservation’s California Important
Farmland Finder Map (California Department of Conservation, 2025). The Project site has historically been
used for agricultural purposes. However, the Project site has a GP land use designation of WMXU-1 and a
zoning designation of FBC-Neighborhood District. The site does not contain forest land and is not designated
or zoned for forest land. The proposed Project would not convert farmland to non-agricultural use or convert
forest land to a non-forest use. Therefore, no impacts would occur, and the Project would not involve other
changes in the existing environment which, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of
farmland to non-agricultural use or conversion of forest land to non-forest use. As such, the proposed Project
is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
Conclusion
With regard to the issue area of agricultural and forestry resources, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the
GPU EIR.
3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated in the GPU EIR.
4. No mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR would be required because there are no Project
specific impacts (no impact).
Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR)
None.
GPU Goals and Policies
None.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
None.
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5.3.AIR QUALITY
Where available, the significance criteria
established by the applicable air quality
management district or air pollution control
district may be relied upon to make the
following determinations. Would the
Project:
Project
Peculiar
Impact that is
not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation
of the applicable air quality plan?
b) Result in a cumulatively considerable net
increase of any criteria pollutant for which
the Project region is non-attainment under
an applicable federal or state ambient air
quality standard?
c) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial
pollutant concentrations?
d) Result in other emissions (such as those
leading to odors) affecting a substantial
number of people?
Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
The GPU EIR discussed air quality impacts on pages 5.2-1 through 5.2-36. The GPU EIR determined that the
GP would result in less than significant impacts related to Air Quality with adherence to and compliance with
the existing regulatory framework, and GPU goals and policies. Additionally, while the GPU EIR did not
identify significant impacts related to Air Quality, GPU EIR Mitigation Measures AQ-1 through AQ-14 and
AQ-20 through AQ-23 were included to be applied to future projects, as Best Management Practices.
Project-Specific Impacts
This section is based on the following document:
• Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis, prepared October 2025, by EPD Solutions
(EPD Solutions, Inc., 2025a), included as Appendix A.
• Health Risk Assessment, prepared February 2026, by EPD Solutions (EPD Solutions, Inc., 2026), included
as Appendix K.
a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.2-19 through 5.2-21 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact.
The Project site is located in the South Coast Air Basin and is under the jurisdiction of the South Coast Air
Quality Management District (SCAQMD). The SCAQMD and the SCAG are responsible for preparing the
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Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP), which addresses federal and state Clean Air Act (CAA) requirements.
The AQMP details goals, policies, and programs for improving air quality in the Basin. In preparation of the
AQMP, the SCAQMD and SCAG use regional growth projections to forecast, inventory, and allocate
regional emissions from land use and development-related sources. For purposes of analyzing consistency
with the AQMP, if a proposed project would result in growth that is substantially greater than what was
anticipated, then the proposed project would conflict with the AQMP. On the other hand, if a project’s
resulting growth is within the anticipated growth of a jurisdiction, its emissions would be consistent with the
assumptions in the AQMP, and the project would not conflict with SCAQMD’s attainment plans (Consistency
Criterion No. 1). While SCAG has updated the RTP/SCS to the Connect SoCal 2024, which provides growth
and forecasting estimates for 2019 through 2050, this update was adopted after the 2022 AQMP.
Therefore, the analysis below uses assumptions from the 2020-2045 RTP/SCS for consistency with the most
recent AQMP. In addition, the SCAQMD considers a project consistent with the AQMP if the project would
not result in an increase in the frequency or severity of existing air quality violations or cause a new violation
(Consistency Criterion No. 2)
As described previously, the Project site has a land use designation of WMXU-1, which allows for a variety
of residential uses, and the site is zoned FBC-Neighborhood District. The WMXU-1 designation is intended
to support compact, walkable, and transit-accessible development, including residential, commercial, and
mixed-use projects. The proposed Project involves residential development at a density of 7.0 dwelling units
per acre. This density is consistent with the residential development patterns supported by the WMXU -1
designation and aligns with the intent of the FBC–Neighborhood District, which emphasizes form, connectivity,
and integration with surrounding uses over traditional density constraints. Therefore, the Project would be
consistent with the site’s General Plan designation and zoning, subject to review and approval through the
City’s standard entitlement process.
The California Department of Finance (CDOF) data details that the City of Fontana had a residential
population of 219,172 as of January 2025 (California Department of Finance, 2025). Based on the average
household size of 3.73 persons per household, the proposed 37 residential units would result in an increase
of approximately 138 new residents. While it is likely that future residents already live in the City, this
analysis conservatively assumes all 138 future residents would move into the City. According to the 2020-
2045 RTP/SCS, the City is projected to add 2,088 new housing units by 2045, and SCAG growth forecasts
estimate an increase of 75,500 persons between 2016 and 2045. The Project’s potential direct population
growth (138 persons), therefore, represents a nominal portion of the City’s anticipated growth between
2016 and 2045.
Further, the Project would also be consistent with the updated 2019-2050 SCAG RTP/SCS projected to add
22,200 new housing units by 2050, and SCAG growth forecasts estimate an increase of 1,004 persons
between 2019 and 2050. Therefore, the Project would not induce substantial unplanned population growth
and would not exceed the growth assumptions for the site. As such, the Project is consistent with Consistency
Criterion 1 with the required approvals.
As presented in Table AQ-1 and Table AQ-2 below, the construction and operation of the proposed Project
would result in emissions that do not exceed any SCAQMD thresholds. Therefore, the proposed Project would
be consistent with Criterion No. 2. Since the Project would be consistent with both Criterion No. 1 and 2,
impacts related to consistency with the AQMP would be less than significant. As such, the proposed Project
is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR, and the Project would result in no new impact.
b) Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the Project
region is non- attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard)?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.2-25 through 5.2-28 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact.
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The Basin is in non-attainment status for federal ozone standards, and State and federal particulate matter
standards. The Basin is designated as a maintenance area for federal PM10 standards. Any development in
the Basin, including the proposed Project could cumulatively contribute to these pollutant violations. Evaluation
of the cumulative air quality impacts of the proposed Project has been completed pursuant to the SCAQMD’s
cumulative air quality impact methodology. The SCAQMD states that if an individual project results in air
emissions of criteria pollutants (reactive organic gases [ROG], carbon monoxide [CO], nitrogen oxides [NOx],
sulfur dioxide [SOx], particulate matter with a diameter of 10 micrometers or less [PM 10], and particulate
matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less [PM2.5]) that exceed the SCAQMD’s recommended daily
thresholds for project-specific impacts, then it would also result in a cumulatively considerable net increase
of the criteria pollutant(s) for which the Project region is in non-attainment under an applicable federal or
state ambient air quality standard. The SCAQMD has established daily mass thresholds for regional pollutant
emissions, which are shown in Table AQ-1.
Table AQ-1: SCAQMD Regional Daily Emissions Thresholds
Air Pollutant
Maximum Daily Emissions
(pounds/day)
Construction Operation
NOx 100 55
ROG 75 55
PM10 150 150
PM2.5 55 55
SOx 150 150
CO 550 550
Lead 3 3
Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A)
Construction
Construction activities associated with the proposed Project would generate pollutant emissions from the
following: (1) site preparation, (2) grading, (3) building construction, (4) paving, and (5) architectural coating.
The amount of emissions generated on a daily basis would vary, depending on the intensity and types of
construction activities occurring.
It is mandatory for all construction projects to comply with several SCAQMD Rules, including Rule 403 for
controlling fugitive dust, PM10, and PM2.5 emissions from construction activities. Rule 403 requirements include,
but are not limited to, applying water in sufficient quantities to prevent the generation of visible dust plumes,
applying soil binders to uncovered areas, reestablishing ground cover as quickly as possible, utilizing a
wheel washing system to remove bulk material from tires and vehicle undercarriages before vehicles exit
the Project site, covering all trucks hauling soil with a fabric cover and maintaining a minimum freeboard
height of 12 inches, and maintaining effective cover over exposed areas.
Compliance with Rules 403 and 1113 was accounted for in the construction emissions modeling. As shown in
Table AQ-2 below, construction emissions generated by the proposed Project would not exceed SCAQMD
regional thresholds. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts related to regional construction
related air quality emissions.
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Table AQ-2: Regional Project Construction Emission Estimates
Construction Year
Maximum Daily Regional Emissions
(pounds/day)
ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5
Year 1 (2026) 3.83 34.61 31.01 0.05 7.43 4.31
Year 2 (2027) 22.24 10.17 14.04 0.03 0.36 0.34
Maximum Daily Emissions
(2026-2027)
22.24 34.61 31.01 0.05 7.43 4.31
SCAQMD Thresholds 75 100 550 150 150 55
Threshold Exceeded? No No No No No No
Notes: ROG = reactive organic gases, NOx = nitrogen oxides, CO = carbon monoxide, SO2 = sulfur dioxide, PM10 =
particulate matter 10 microns in diameter, PM2.5 = particulate matter 2.5 microns in diameter
Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A)
Operation
Implementation of the proposed Project would result in long-term emissions of criteria air pollutants from
area sources generated by the proposed residential uses, such as vehicular emissions, natural gas
consumption, landscaping, applications of architectural coatings, and use of consumer products. The emissions
from the proposed Project are primarily from vehicle trips.
Operational emissions associated with the proposed Project were modeled using CalEEMod and are
presented in Table AQ-3. As shown, the emissions generated from the Project would not exceed the
SCAQMD’s applicable thresholds. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts related to
operational air quality emissions. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the
GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
Table AQ-3: Regional Project Operational Emissions
Operational Activity
Maximum Daily Regional Emissions
(pounds/day)
ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5
Mobile 1.22 1.03 9.09 0.02 1.97 0.51
Area 1.67 0.02 2.13 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Energy <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Total Operational Emissions 2.89 1.05 11.22 0.02 1.97 0.51
SCAQMD Significance Thresholds 55 55 550 150 150 55
Threshold Exceeded? No No No No No No
Notes: ROG = reactive organic gases, NOx = nitrogen oxides, CO = carbon monoxide, SO2 = sulfur dioxide, PM10 = particulate
matter 10 microns in diameter, PM2.5 = particulate matter 2.5 microns in diameter
Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A)
c) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.2-28 through 5.2-30 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact.
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The SCAQMD’s Final Localized Significance Threshold Methodology recommends the evaluation of localized
NOx, CO, PM10, and PM2.5 construction-related impacts to sensitive receptors in the immediate vicinity of the
Project site. Such an evaluation is referred to as a localized significance threshold (LST) analysis. According
to the SCAQMD’s Final Localized Significance Threshold Methodology, “off-site mobile emissions from the
Project should not be included in the emissions compared to the LSTs” (Appendix A). SCAQMD has developed
LSTs that represent the maximum emissions from a Project that are not expected to cause or contribute to an
exceedance of the most stringent applicable federal or state ambient air quality standards, and thus would
not cause or contribute to localized air quality impacts. LSTs are developed based on the ambient
concentrations of NOx, CO, PM10, and PM2.5 pollutants for each of the 38 source receptor areas (SRAs) in
the Basin. The Project is located within SRA 34, Central San Bernardino Valley.
Sensitive receptors can include residences, schools, playgrounds, childcare centers, athletic facilities. There
are existing homes directly adjacent to the northern and southern boundary of the Project site.
The localized thresholds for development projects were derived using the SCAQMD Fact Sheet for Applying
CalEEMod to Localized Significance Threshold as identified in Appendix A. The thresholds from SCAQMD
are for one-, two-, or five-acre sites, and distances of sensitive receptors for 25 to 500 meters. The closest
sensitive receptor from the proposed Project is a residence directly adjacent to the southern boundary of the
site; therefore, the distance for sensitive receptors in the assessment was set at 25 meters.
Construction
Construction of the proposed Project may expose nearby residential sensitive receptors to airborne
particulates as well as a small quantity of construction equipment pollutants (i.e., usually diesel-fueled vehicles
and equipment). However, construction contractors would be required to implement measures to reduce or
eliminate emissions by following SCAQMD’s standard construction practices Rule 402 requires
implementation of dust suppression techniques to prevent fugitive dust from creating a nuisance off-site. Rule
403 requires that fugitive dust be controlled with best available control measures so that the presence of
such dust does not remain visible in the atmosphere beyond the property line of the emission source. As shown
in Table AQ-4, Project construction-source emissions would not exceed SCAQMD LST thresholds and impacts
would be less than significant.
Table AQ-4: Localized Construction Emission Estimates
Construction Activity
Maximum Daily Localized Emissions
(pounds/day)
NOx CO PM10 PM2.5
2026 (Year 1)
Site Preparation 34.61 31.01 7.43 4.31
Grading 19.06 19.09 3.30 1.89
Building Construction 10.67 14.07 0.41 0.38
Maximum On-Site Emissions (2026) 34.61 31.01 7.43 4.31
2027 (Year 2)
Building Construction 10.17 14.04 0.36 0.34
Paving 7.77 10.60 0.33 0.30
Architectural Coating 1.11 1.50 0.03 0.02
Maximum On-Site Emissions (2027) 10.17 14.04 0.36 0.34
Maximum Daily Emissions
(2026-2027) 34.61 31.01 7.43 4.31
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Construction Activity
Maximum Daily Localized Emissions
(pounds/day)
NOx CO PM10 PM2.5
SCAQMD Screening Thresholds 220.00 1359.00 10.50 6.00
Threshold Exceeded? No No No No
Notes: NOx = nitrogen oxides, CO = carbon monoxide, PM10 = particulate matter 10 microns in diameter, PM2.5 = particulate
matter 2.5 microns in diameter.
Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A).
Construction Health Risk Assessment
A Construction Health Risk Assessment (HRA), included as Appendix K, was prepared to evaluate the
potential health impacts to sensitive receptors from the construction of the proposed Project (EPD Solutions
Inc., 2026). The HRA focuses on the emissions of DPM from the operation of the heavy-duty diesel vehicles
and off-road construction equipment that would be utilized for the construction of the proposed Project. DPM
has been specifically identified by CARB as a carcinogenic substance that is responsible for nearly 70
percent of the airborne cancer risk in California. Since DPM is most routinely emitted, the estimated health
risk impacts have been compared to the health risk significance thresholds recommended by the SCAQMD
for use in CEQA assessments of 10 persons per million for cancer risk and a health index of 1.0 for non-
cancer health risks due to DPM exposure.
Table 5-5 presents a summary of the cancer risks and chronic non-cancer hazards resulting from the proposed
Project's construction DPM emissions along with the SCAQMD health risk significance thresholds. As shown,
the maximum cancer risk would be 1.03 in one million, which would not exceed the SCAQMD cancer risk
threshold of 10 in one million. The maximum non-cancer health risks would be less than 0.01, which is below
the threshold of 1.0. Thus, the Project would have a less than significant impact related to cancer risk and
less-than-significant impact related to non-cancer health risks.
Table AQ-5: Project Construction Health Risk
Receptor
Cancer Risk (per million) Exceeds
Significance
Threshold? Maximum Lifetime
Proposed Project Risk
Significance
Threshold
Maximum Impacted Sensitive Receptor – Infant
to 1.26 years 1.03 10 No
Maximum Impacted Sensitive Receptor – Adult
(1.26 years) 0.03 10 No
Maximum Impacted Sensitive Receptor –
School
(1.26 years)
0.06 10 No
Maximum Impacted Worker Receptor (1.26
years) <0.01 10 No
Receptor
Chronic Non-Cancer Hazard Index Exceeds
Significance
Threshold? Maximum Lifetime
Proposed Project Risk
Significance
Threshold
Maximum Impacted Sensitive Receptor – Infant
to Adult (1.26 years) <0.01 1.0 No
Maximum Impacted Sensitive Receptor – Adult
(1.26 years) <0.01 1.0 No
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Maximum Impacted Sensitive Receptor –
School
(1.26 years)
<0.01 1.0 No
Maximum Impacted Worker Receptor (1.26
years) <0.01 1.0 No
Source: EPD Solutions, Inc., 2026 (Appendix K)
Operation
According to the SCAQMD LST methodology, LSTs apply to project-related stationary mobile sources.
Projects that involve mobile sources that spend long periods queuing and idling at a site, such as transfer
facilities or warehousing and distribution buildings, have the potential to exceed the operational LSTs. The
Project would operate as a residential community, which does not typically involve diesel vehicles regularly
idling or queueing for long periods. Therefore, due to the lack of significant stationary source emissions or
idling diesel-powered vehicles, impacts related to operational LSTs would be less than significant (Appendix
A). Therefore, the Project would not expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollution concentrations and no
new impact would occur.
d) Result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely affecting a substantial number
of people?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.2-30-5.2-31 and was determined to
have a less than significant impact.
The proposed Project would develop the site with residential uses that do not involve the types of uses that
would emit objectionable odors affecting a substantial number of people. In addition, odors generated by
non-residential land uses are required to be in compliance with SCAQMD Rule 402, which would prevent
nuisance odors.
During construction, emissions from construction equipment, architectural coatings, and paving activities may
generate odors. However, these odors would be temporary, intermittent in nature, and would not affect a
substantial number of people. The noxious odors would be confined to the immediate vicinity of the
construction equipment. Also, the short-term construction-related odors would cease upon the drying or
hardening of the odor-producing materials. Therefore, development pursuant to the proposed Project would
not result in any substantial impacts related to odor. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts
on other emissions affecting a substantial number of people. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with
the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
Conclusion
With regard to the issue area of Air Quality, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the
GPU EIR.
3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated in the GPU EIR.
4. Feasible mitigation measures within the GPU EIR (AQ-1 through AQ-14 and AQ-20 through AQ-23) and
SCAQMD rules and regulations would be applied to the Project. Though the Project-specific impacts are
already less than significant these mitigation measures and regulations, detailed below, provide
protection for air quality and would further reduce Project-specific air quality emissions.
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Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR)
All projects are subject to SCAQMD rules and regulations. Specific rules applicable to the proposed Project
include the following:
Rule 402 – Nuisance. A person shall not discharge from any source whatsoever such quantities of air
contaminants or other material that cause injury, detriment, nuisance, or annoyance to any considerable
number of persons or to the public, or that endanger the comfort, repose , health, or safety of any such
persons or the public, or that cause, or have a natural tendency to cause, injury or damage to business or
property. The provisions of this rule do not apply to odors emanating from agricultural operations necessary
for the growing of crops or the raising of fowl or animals.
Rule 403 – Fugitive Dust. SCAQMD Rule 403 governs emissions of fugitive dust during and after
construction. Compliance with this rule is achieved through application of standard Best Management
Practices, such as application of water or chemical stabilizers to disturbed soils, covering haul vehicles,
restricting vehicle speeds on unpaved roads to 15 miles per hour, sweeping loose dirt from paved site access
roadways, cessation of construction activity when winds exceed 25 mph, and establishing a permanent
ground cover on finished sites.
Rule 403 requires project applicants to control fugitive dust using the best available control measures such
that dust does not remain visible in the atmosphere beyond the property line of the emission source. In
addition, Rule 403 requires implementation of dust suppression techniques to prevent fugitive dust from
creating an off-site nuisance. Applicable Rule 403 dust suppression (and PM10 generation) techniques to
reduce impacts on nearby sensitive receptors may include, but are not limited to, the following:
• Apply nontoxic chemical soil stabilizers according to manufacturers’ specifications to all inactive
construction areas (previously graded areas inactive for 10 days or more).
• Water active sites at least three times daily. Locations where grading is to occur shall be thoroughly
watered prior to earthmoving.
• Cover all trucks hauling dirt, sand, soil, or other loose materials, or maintain at least 0.6 meters (2 feet)
of freeboard (vertical space between the top of the load and top of the trailer) in accordance with the
requirements of California Vehicle Code Section 23114.
• Reduce traffic speeds on all unpaved roads to 15 miles per hour (mph) or less.
• Suspend all grading activities when wind speeds (including instantaneous wind gusts) exceed 25 mph.
• Provide bumper strips or similar best management practices where vehicles enter and exit the
construction site onto paved roads, or wash off trucks and any equipment leaving the site each trip.
• Replant disturbed areas as soon as practical.
• Sweep onsite streets (and off-site streets if silt is carried to adjacent public thoroughfares) to reduce the
amount of particulate matter on public streets. All sweepers shall be compliant with SCAQMD Rule
1186.1, Less Polluting Sweepers.
Rule 481 – Spray Coating. This rule applies to all spray painting and spray coating operations and
equipment and states that a person shall not use or operate any spray painting or spray coating equipment
unless one of the following conditions is met:
• The spray coating equipment is operated inside a control enclosure, which is approved by the Executive
Officer. Any control enclosure for which an application for permit for new construction, alteration, or
change of ownership or location is submitted after the date of adoption of this rule shall be exhausted
only through filters at a design face velocity not less than 100 feet per minute nor greater than 300
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feet per minute, or through a water wash system designed to be equally effective for the purpose of
air pollution control.
• Coatings are applied with high-volume low-pressure, electrostatic and/or airless spray equipment.
• An alternative method of coating application or control is used which has effectiveness equal to or
greater than the equipment specified in the rule.
Rule 1108 – Volatile Organic Compounds. This rule governs the sale, use, and manufacturing of asphalt
and limits the volatile organic compound (VOC) content in asphalt used in the Basin. This rule also regulates
the VOC content of asphalt used during construction. Therefore, all asphalt used dur ing construction of the
Project must comply with SCAQMD Rule 1108.
Rule 1113 – Architectural Coatings. No person shall apply or solicit the application of any architectural
coating within the SCAQMD with VOC content in excess of the values specified in a table incorporated in
the Rule.
GPU Goals and Policies
Community, Mobility and Circulation Element
Goal 7: The City of Fontana participates in shaping regional transportation policies to reduce traffic
congestion and greenhouse gas emissions.
Policies:
• Lead and participate in initiatives to manage regional traffic.
• Coordinate with regional agencies and Caltrans to participate in regional efforts to maintain
transportation infrastructure in Fontana.
• Participate in the efforts of the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) to coordinate
transportation planning and services that support greenhouse gas reductions.
• Participate in the efforts by Caltrans to reduce congestion and improve traffic flow on area freeways.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-1: In order to reduce future Project-related air pollutant emissions and
promote sustainability through conservation of energy and other natural resources, building and site plan
designs shall ensure the Project energy efficiencies surpass (exceed) applicable (2016) California Title 24
Energy Efficiency Standards by a minimum of 5%. Verification of increased energy efficiencies shall be
documented in Title 24 Compliance Reports provided by the applicant/developer and reviewed and
approved by the City of Fontana prior to the issuance of the first building permit.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-2: To reduce energy demand associated with potable water conveyance,
future projects shall implement the following, as applicable:
• Landscaping palette emphasizing drought tolerant plants
• Use of water-efficient irrigation techniques U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Certified
• WaterSense equivalent faucets, high efficiency toilets, and water-conserving shower heads.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-3: Future projects shall comply with applicable provisions of state law,
including the California Green Standards Code (Part 11 of Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations).
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-4: The applicant/developer shall encourage its tenants to use alternative-
fueled vehicles such as compressed natural gas vehicles, electric vehicles, or other alternative fuels by
providing publicly available information from the Southern California Air Quality Management District
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(SCAQMD), California Air Resources Board (GARB), and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on
alternative fuel technologies.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-6: The applicant/developer shall encourage its tenants to use water-
based or low volatile organic compound (VOC) cleaning products by providing publicly available
information from the Southern California Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD), California Air
Resources Board (CARB), and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on such cleaning products.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-8: In the event that any off-site utility and/or infrastructure improvements
are required as a direct result of future projects, construction of such off-site utility and infrastructure
improvements shall not occur concurrently with the demolition, site preparation, and grading phases of Project
construction. This requirement shall be clearly noted on all applicable grading and/or building plans.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-9: All construction equipment shall be maintained in good operation
condition so as to reduce emissions. The construction contractor shall ensure that all construction equipment is
being properly serviced and maintained as per the manufacturer’s specification. Maintenance records shall
be available at the construction site for City of Fontana verification. The following additional measures, as
determined applicable by the City Engineer, shall be included as conditions of the Grading Permit issuance:
• Provide temporary traffic controls such as a flag person, during all phases of construction to maintain
smooth traffic flow.
• Provide dedicated turn lanes for movement of construction trucks and equipment on- and off-site.
• Reroute construction trucks away from congested streets or sensitive receptor areas.
• Appoint a construction relations officer to act as a community liaison concerning on-site construction
activity including resolution of issues related to PM10 generation.
• Improve traffic flow by signal synchronization and ensure that all vehicles and equipment will be
properly tuned and maintained according to manufacturers’ specifications.
• Require the use of 2010 and newer diesel haul trucks (e.g., material delivery trucks and soil
import/export). If the lead agency determines that 2010 model year or newer diesel trucks cannot be
obtained the lead agency shall use trucks that meet EPA 2007 model year NOX and PM emissions
requirements.
• During Project construction, all internal combustion engines/construction equipment operating on the
Project site shall meet EPA-Certified Tier 3 emissions standards, or higher according to the following:
o January I, 2012, to December 31, 2014: All off-road diesel-powered construction equipment
greater than 50 hp shall meet Tier 3 off-road emissions standards. In addition, all construction
equipment shall be outfitted with BACT devices certified by CARB. Any emissions control device used
by the contractor shall achieve emissions reductions that are no less than what could be achieved by
a Level 3 diesel emissions control strategy for a similarly sized engine as defined by CARB
regulations.
o Post-January 1, 2015: All off-road diesel-powered construction equipment greater than 50 hp shall
meet the Tier 4 emission standards, where available. In addition, all construction equipment shall be
outfitted with BACT devices certified by CARB. Any emissions control device used by the contractor
shall achieve emissions reductions that are no less than what could be achieved. by a Level 3 diesel
emissions control strategy for similarly sized engine as defined by CARB regulations.
o A copy of each unit’s certified tier specification, BACT documentation, and CARB or SCAQMD
operating permit shall be provided at the time of mobilization of each applicable unit of equipment.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-10: Prior to the issuance of any grading permits, all Applicants shall submit
construction plans to the City of Fontana denoting the proposed schedule and projected equipment use.
Construction contractors shall provide evidence that low-emission mobile construction equipment will be
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utilized, or that their use was investigated and found to be infeasible for the Project. Contractors shall also
conform to any construction measures imposed by the SCAQMD as well as City Planning Staff.
GPU Mitigation Measure AQ-11: All paints and coatings shall meet or exceed performance standards
noted in SCAQMD Rule 1113. Specifically, the following measures shall be implemented, as feasible:
• Use coatings and solvents with a VOC content lower than that required under AQMD Rule 1113.
• Construct or build with materials that do not require painting.
• Require the use of pre-painted construction materials.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-12: Projects that result in the construction of more than 19 single-family
residential units, 40 multifamily residential units, or 45,000 square feet of retail/commercial/industrial space
shall be required to apply paints either by hand or high volume, low pressure (HVLP) spray. These measures
may reduce volatile organic compounds (VOC) associated with the application of paints and coatings by an
estimated 60 to 75 percent. Alternatively, the contractor may specify the use of low volatility paints and
coatings. Several of currently available primers have VOC contents of less than 0.85 pounds per gallon
(e.g., Dulux professional exterior primer 100 percent acrylic). Top coats can be less than 0.07 pounds per
gallon (8 grams per liter) (e.g., Lifemaster 2000-series). This latter measure would reduce these VOC
emissions by more than 70 percent. Larger projects should incorporate both the use of HVLP or hand
application and the requirement for low volatility coatings.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-13: All asphalt shall meet or exceed performance standards noted in
SCAQMD Rule 1108.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-14: Prior to the issuance of grading permits or approval of grading plans
for future development projects within the Project area, future developments shall include a dust control plan
as part of the construction contract standard specifications. The dust control plan shall include measures to
meet the requirements of SCAQMD Rules 402 and 403. Such measures may include, but are not limited to,
the following:
• Phase and schedule activities to avoid high-ozone days and first-stage smog alerts.
• Discontinue operation during second-stage smog alerts.
• All haul trucks shall be covered prior to leaving the site to prevent dust from impacting the surrounding
areas.
• Comply with AQMD Rule 403, particularly to minimize fugitive dust and noise to surrounding areas.
• Moisten soil each day prior to commencing grading to depth of soil cut.
• Water exposed surfaces at least twice a day under calm conditions, and as often as needed on windy
days or during very dry weather in order to maintain a surface crust and minimize the release of visible
emissions from the construction site.
• Treat any area that will be exposed for extended periods with a soil conditioner to stabilize soil or
temporarily plant with vegetation.
• Wash mud-covered tires and under carriages of trucks leaving construction sites.
• Provide for street sweeping, as needed, on adjacent roadways to remove dirt dropped by construction
vehicles or mud, which would otherwise be carried off by trucks departing project sites.
• Securely cover all loads of fill coming to the site with a tight-fitting tarp.
• Cease grading during periods when winds exceed 25 miles per hour.
• Provide for permanent sealing of all graded areas, as applicable, at the earliest practicable time after
soil disturbance. • Use low-sulfur diesel fuel in all equipment.
• Use electric equipment whenever practicable.
• Shut off engines when not in use.
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GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-20: All residential and commercial structures shall be required to
incorporate high efficiency/low polluting heating, air conditioning, appliances, and water heaters.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-21: All residential and commercial structures shall be required to
incorporate thermal pane windows and weather-stripping.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-22: All residential, commercial, and industrial structures shall be required
to incorporate light colored roofing materials.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-23: Prior to approval of future development projects within the Project
area, the City of Fontana shall conduct Project-level environmental review to determine potential vehicle
emission impacts associated with the Project(s). Mitigation measures shall be developed for each project as
it is considered to mitigate potentially significant impacts to the extent feasible. Potential mitigation measures
may require that facilities with over 250 employees (full or part time employees at a worksite for a
consecutive six-month period calculated as a monthly average), as required by the Air Quality Management
Plan, implement Transportation Demand Management (TDM) programs.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-23 has been satisfied through a report that was prepared pursuant to these
requirements. The report is included as Appendix A.
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5.4. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES
Would the Project:
Project
Peculiar
Impact that is
not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
a) Have a substantial adverse effect,
either directly or through habitat
modifications, on any species identified as
a candidate, sensitive, or special status
species in local or regional plans, policies,
or regulations, or by the California
Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service?
b) Have a substantial adverse effect on
any riparian habitat or other sensitive
natural community identified in local or
regional plans, policies, regulations or by
the California Department of Fish and
Game or US Fish and Wildlife Service?
c) Have a substantial adverse effect on
state or federally protected wetlands
(including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal
pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal,
filling, hydrological interruption, or other
means?
d) Interfere substantially with the
movement of any native resident or
migratory fish or wildlife species or with
established native resident or migratory
wildlife corridors, or impede the use of
native wildlife nursery sites?
e) Conflict with any local policies or
ordinances protecting biological resources,
such as a tree preservation policy or
ordinance?
f) Conflict with the provisions of an
adopted Habitat Conservation Plan,
Natural Community Conservation Plan, or
other approved local, regional, or state
habitat conservation plan?
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Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
The GPU EIR discussed impacts to biological resources on pages 5.3-1 through 5.3-53. The GPU EIR describes
that the City’s biological resources occur in its outskirts, in areas free from large-scale development. These
areas include the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains and the Jurupa Hills which are not in the vicinity of
the Project site. The GPU EIR determined impacts related to biological resources would be less than significant
with implementation of applicable GPU EIR Mitigation Measures (BIO-1 through BIO-10) and compliance
with goals and policies in the GPU and Fontana Municipal Code.
Project-Specific Impacts
This section is based on the following document:
• General Biological Assessment (GBA) prepared May 2025, by Hernandez Environmental Services
(Hernandez Environmental Services, 2025), included as Appendix B.
a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modifications, on any species
identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or
regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.3-47 and 5.3-48 and was determined
to have a less than significant impact with implementation of mitigation measures. Page 5.3-51 of the GPU
EIR noted individual development projects would require individual assessments of potential Project-specific
impacts to biological resources and if necessary, Project-specific mitigation would be recommended to
reduce potential impacts to a less than significant level.
As discussed on page 5.3-47 of the GPU EIR, two sensitive plant species have been documented within the
City of Fontana: Plummer’s mariposa lily and Parry’s spineflower. It was also determined that there is a
moderate potential for an additional three sensitive plant species to occur within City limits: mesa horkelia,
Robinson’s pepper-grass, and short-joint beavertail. Further, page 5.3-47 of the GPU EIR describes that 13
sensitive wildlife species are known to regularly occur within the City of Fontana boundaries. These include:
DSF, coast horned lizard, Cooper’s hawk, southern California rufous-crowned sparrow, golden eagle, Bell’s
sparrow, burrowing owl, northern harrier, California horned lark, loggerhead shrike, coastal California
gnatcatcher, northwestern San Diego pocket mouse, and Los Angeles pocket mouse.
Consistent with GPU EIR MM BIO-3 and MM BIO-7, a General Biological Assessment (GBA) was prepared
for the proposed Project by Hernandez Environmental Services in May 2025 (included as Appendix B), which
included a field survey, literature review, and records search. The GBA identified that the site is heavily
disturbed by non-native plant species and very few native species. A total of 18 plant species were observed
within the Project site, none of which were identified as being special-status species. As such, there would be
no impacts to sensitive plant species. In addition, a total of six wildlife species were observed during the
field survey, none of which were identified as a special status wildlife species. Because none of the
documented species listed in the GPU EIR were observed during the field survey and because the site does
not provide suitable habitat for the documented species, impacts would be less than significant.
The GPU EIR, however, determined that burrowing owls are a species of concern that are known to occur
throughout the City on disturbed, vacant, or agricultural lands. As such, future development projects are
required to have a qualified biologist conduct a pre-construction survey to determine the presence or
absence of burrowing owl within the proposed area of impact, as described in GPU EIR MM BIO -1. If
occupied burrows or owls are discovered during the survey, they shall not be removed during nesting season
(February 1 through August 31), unless a qualified biologist has determined there are no owls or eggs
present. Further, removal shall occur only under the supervision of the qualified biologist. Additionally, GPU
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EIR MM BIO-8 and BIO-9 have been included which would be implemented to require regulatory agency
consultation as needed if burrowing owls are discovered. Thus, with the implementation of GPU EIR MM BIO-
1, BIO-3, BIO-7, BIO-8 and BIO-9, impacts to burrowing owls would be less than significant. Therefore,
Project impacts to candidate, sensitive, or special status species would be less than significant, and no new
impacts would occur. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR
impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community
identified in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish
and Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.3-48 and was determined to have no
impact. As discussed on page 5.3-48 of the GPU EIR, the CNDDB identified five sensitive natural communities
within the City of Fontana consisting of: California Walnut Woodland, Coastal and Valley Freshwater Marsh,
RAFSS, Southern Riparian Forest, and Southern Sycamore Alder Riparian Woodland. However, these
communities all occur within portions of the San Gabriel Mountains foothills and Jurupa Hills to the north and
south of the City which is outside of the Project boundary.
As previously mentioned, the Project site consists of vacant, disturbed land and does not include any riparian
habitat or other sensitive natural community. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts on riparian
habitat or other sensitive natural community. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings
contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
c) Have a substantial adverse effect on state or federally protected wetlands (including, but not limited
to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or
other means?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.3-49 and was determined to have no
impact.
As discussed above, the Project site consists of vacant, disturbed land. According to the GBA, no drainage,
riparian, riverine, or wetlands were identified on-site (Appendix B). Therefore, the Project would result in no
new impacts to state or federally protected wetlands. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the
findings contained in the GPU EIR, and no new impact would occur.
d) Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species
or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native
wildlife nursery sites?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.3-49 and was determined to have no
impact. The Project site consists of vacant, disturbed land and does not contain established native resident
or migratory wildlife corridors and is not used as a native wildlife nursery site. Additionally, the GPU EIR
determined that wildlife movement in the City of Fontana is limited to an east-west orientation along the
foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains north of I-15. The Project site is not located along or in the vicinity of
the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains thus the Project would not impact wildlife movement. Further, the
surrounding area is developed and urban. There are no rivers, creeks, or open drainages near the site that
could function as a wildlife corridor. Thus, implementation of the Project would not result no new impacts
related to wildlife movement or wildlife corridors.
However, as discussed above, the Project site there are existing shrubs on the site that have the potential to
provide habitat for nesting migratory birds. However, the proposed Project would be required to comply
with the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) which prohibits the take of nesting birds. Thus, the Project would
implement GPU EIR MM BIO-2 which would require pre-construction nesting bird surveys to be conducted
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prior to ground disturbing activities if construction occurs during the nesting bird season. Therefore, with
implementation of GPU EIR MM BIO-2, potential impacts related to nesting birds would be less than
significant. As such, no new impact to native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species, migratory wildlife
corridors, or wildlife nursery sites would occur and the proposed Project is consistent with the findings
contained in the GPU EIR.
e) Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.3-49 and was determined to have a
less than significant impact. The GPU EIR determined that all development allowed by GPU would be
required to comply with GPU policies and existing City policies. The City of Fontana’s Preservation of
Heritage, Significant and Specimen Trees Ordinance requires a tree removal permit for any heritage,
significant and specimen trees as listed in the Fontana Municipal Code Chapter 28-64. The GBA identified
three ornamental trees on-site consisting of a lemon tree, white lead tree, and a Manilla tamarind (Appendix
B). However, none of the existing trees on-site are considered heritage, significant, or specimen trees. While
existing trees are not of significance, all trees scheduled for removal would be required to be evaluated by
a City-approved biologist for roosting bats, in compliance with GPU EIR MM BIO-4. If a roost is present the
biologist will develop a plan to minimize impacts to the bats to the greatest extent feasible (GPU EIR MM
BIO-4).
With implementation of GPU EIR MM BIO-4, the proposed Project would not conflict with local polices or
ordinances protecting trees and biological resources and no new impact would occur. As such, the proposed
Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new
impact.
f) Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community
Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.3-49 and was determined to have no
impact. The Project site is not located within a Habitat Conservation Plan (HCP). In 2004, the City of Fontana
commissioned a Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan (MSHCP) for the northern part of Fontana, along
the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains to address impacts to sensitive species.
The Project site is not located along or is in the vicinity of the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains. Therefore,
the Project would result in no new impacts to habitat conservation plans. As such, the proposed Project is
consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
Conclusion
With regards to the issue area of biological resources, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the
GPU EIR.
3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated in the GPU EIR.
4. Mitigation measures within the GPU EIR (BIO-1 through BIO-4 and BIO-7 through BIO-9) would be
applied to the Project. These mitigation measures and regulations, detailed below, provide protection
for biological resources. Project specific impacts are less than significant.
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Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR)
RR BIO-1. MBTA Compliance: Migratory non-game native bird species are protected under the federal
Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA). Additionally, Sections 3503, 3503.5, and 3513 of the California Fish
and Game Code prohibit the take of all birds and their active nests.
GPU Goals and Policies
GPU biological resource related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the
following:
Conservation, Open Space, Parks and Trails Element
Goal 1: Fontana continues to preserve sensitive natural open space in the foothills of the San Gabriel
Mountains and Jurupa Hills.
Policy: Consider permanent protection for sensitive foothill lands through potential partnership with
conservation organizations or acquisition and deed restrictions.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
The GPU EIR mitigation measures that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following:
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-1.
1. Prior to initial grading or clearing of areas of suitable habitat within the Planning Area (e.g., a vacant
site with a landscape of grassland or low-growing, arid scrub vegetation or agricultural use or
vegetation), a qualified biologist shall conduct a pre-construction survey, in accordance with the CDFG
Staff Report on Burrowing Owl Mitigation, to determine the presence or absence of burrowing owl within
the proposed area of impact.
2. Results of surveys, including mitigation recommendations (i.e., a Burrowing Owl Mitigation and Monitoring
Report) shall be incorporated into the Project-level CEQA compliance documentation.
3. Construction grading/clearing of areas of suitable habitat should occur between September 1 and
January 31 to avoid impacts to breeding owls. If occupied burrows are discovered, they shall not be
removed during nesting season (February 1 through August 31), unless a qualified biologist can
determine that either the owls have not laid eggs or are incubating eggs, or that any young from the
burrows are able to forage independently. If initial grading is scheduled to occur during nesting season,
the following measures shall be implemented.
4. If removal of occupied burrows is necessary, passive relocation outside of nesting season shall be
implemented under the supervision of the qualified biologist. This shall include covering/excavation of
burrows and installation of one-way doors as necessary. One-way doors will allow owls inside the
burrow to exit but not allow them to re-enter. The biologist shall wait a minimum of one week before the
burrow may be excavated to allow the owls time to leave the area.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-2. To avoid impacts to nesting birds and to comply with the MBTA,
clearing of vegetation and removal of trees should occur between non-nesting (or non-breeding) season for
birds (generally, September 1 to January 31). If this avoidance schedule is not feasible, the alternative is to
carry out such activities under the supervision of a qualified biologist. This shall entail the following: 1. A
qualified biologist shall conduct a pre-construction nesting bird survey no more than 14 days prior to initiating
ground disturbance activities. The survey will consist of full coverage of the proposed disturbance limits and
up to a 500-foot buffer area, determined by the biologist and taking into account the species nesting in the
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area and the habitat present. 2. If no active nests are found, no additional measures are required. 3. If
“occupied” nests are found, their locations shall be mapped, species documented, and, to the degree
feasible, the status of the nest (e.g., incubation of eggs, feeding of young, near fledging) recorded. The
biologist shall establish a no-disturbance buffer around each active nest. The buffer area will be determined
by the biologist based on the species present, surrounding habitat, and type of construction activities
proposed in the area. 4. No construction or ground disturbance activities shall be conducted within the buffer
until the biologist has determined the nest is no longer active and has informed the construction supervisor
that activities may resume.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-3. The City of Fontana Planning Division shall require that all future project
applicants prepare a Biological Assessment in conjunction with a Project-level analysis. The Biological
Assessment shall include a vegetation map of the proposed Project area, analysis of the impacts associated
with plant and animal species and habitats, and conduct habitat evaluations for burrowing owl, Delhi Sands
flower-loving fly, San Diego pocket mouse, western mastiff bat, western yellow bat, and San Diego desert
woodrat. If any of these special are determined to be present, then coordination with the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service and/or California Department of Fish and Game shall be concluded to determine what, if
any, permits or clearances are required prior to development. Each Project-level Biological Assessment shall
include an analysis of potential impacts to rare plants and rare natural communities in accordance with the
California Department of Fish and Game’s November 2009 guidance for Protocols for Surveying and
Evaluating Impacts to Special Status Native Plant Populations and Natural Communities. For those projects
located in the Delhi Sands flower-loving fly Recovery Unit, the Project-level Biological Assessment shall
include focused surveys. The Biological Assessment shall prescribe actions necessary to mitigate the impacts
identified for a particular Project. Such actions shall include either avoidance of a sensitive resource, or
payment of in-lieu fees that shall be used to purchase off-site replacement habitat. In instances where
transplantation/relocation, off-site preservation, or fee payment is selected, habitat mitigation ratios shall
be a minimum of 1:1, unless a greater ratio is required by a state or federal wildlife agency. The
requirements of the Biological Assessment shall be a condition of approval of the individual development
Project.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-3 has been satisfied through the General Biological Assessment prepared by
Hernandez Environmental Services in May 2025. The report is included as Appendix B.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-4. Prior to any ground disturbance, trees scheduled for removal shall be
evaluated by a City-approved biologist for roosting bats. If a roost is present the biologist will develop a
plan to minimize impacts to the bats to the greatest extent feasible.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-7. Local CEQA procedures shall be applied to identify potential impacts
to rare, threatened, and endangered species.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-7 has been satisfied through the General Biological Assessment prepared by
Hernandez Environmental Services in May 2025, which determined that rare, threatened, and endangered
species would not be impacted. The report is included as Appendix B.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-8. Evidence of satisfactory compliance shall be provided by Project
Applicant with any required State and/or Federal permits, prior to issuance of grading permits for individual
projects.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-8 has been satisfied through the General Biological Assessment prepared by
Hernandez Environmental Services in May 2025, which determined that due to the lack of impacts on State
and/or Federal resources, the Project would not be subject to any State and/or Federal permits related to
biological resources. The report is included as Appendix B.
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GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-9. Any development that results in the potential take or substantial loss
of occupied habitat for any threatened or endangered species shall conduct formal consultation with the
appropriate regulatory agency and shall implement required mitigation pursuant to applicable protocols.
Consultation shall be on a project-by-project basis and measures shall be negotiated independently for each
development project.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-9 has been satisfied through the General Biological Assessment prepared by
Hernandez Environmental Services in May 2025, which determined that there is no occupied habitat for
threatened or endangered species. The report is included as Appendix B.
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5.5.CULTURAL RESOURCES
Would the Project:
Project
Peculiar
Impact that
is not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the
significance of a historical resource pursuant
to in § 15064.5?
b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the
significance of an archaeological resource
pursuant to §15064.5?
c) Disturb any human remains, including those
interred outside of formal cemeteries?
Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
The GPU EIR discussed impacts to cultural resources on pages 5.4-1 through 5.4-21 and determined impacts
would be less than significant with adherence to and/or compliance with the existing regulatory framework
including the City of Fontana’s standard Conditions of Approval (COAs), and GPU goals and policies.
Additionally, while the GPU EIR did not identify significant impacts related to cultural resources, GPU EIR
Mitigation Measures CUL-1 through CUL-3 were included to be applied to future projects, as necessary, to
reduce impacts to less than significant levels.
Project-Specific Impacts
This section is based on the following report:
• Cultural Resources Study, prepared May 2025 by BFSA Environmental Services (BFSA Environmental
Services, 2025a), and included as Appendix C.
a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource as defined in
§15064.5?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.4-14 through 5.14-16 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact. On page 5.4-14 of the GPU EIR, the EIR noted that
individual development projects would require individual assessments of potential Project-specific impacts to
cultural resources and if necessary, Project-specific mitigation would be recommended to reduce potential
impacts to a less than significant level.
CEQA defines a historical resource as something that meets one or more of the following criteria: (1) listed
in, or determined eligible for listing in, the California Register of Historical Resources; (2) listed in a local
register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code (PRC) Section 5020.1(k); (3) identified
as significant in a historical resource survey meeting the requirements of PRC Section 5024.1(g); or (4)
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determined to be a historical resource by a Project’s Lead Agency (PRC Section 21084.1 and CEQA
Guidelines Section 15064.5[a]).
The California Register defines a “historical resource” as a resource that meets one or more of the following
criteria: (1) associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns or local
or regional history of the cultural heritage of California or the United States; (2) associated with the lives of
persons important to local, California, or national history; (3) embodies the distinctive characteristics of a
type, period, region, or method of construction or represents the work of a master or possesses high artistic
values; or (4) has yielded, or has the potential to yield, information important to the prehistory or history of
the local area, California, or the nation.
A Cultural Resources Assessment was prepared for the Project in May 2025 by BFSA Environmental Services
consistent with GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-1 (included as Appendix C). The Cultural Resources
Assessment conducted a field survey of the entire property and did not identify any historic or prehistoric
cultural resources on the Project site. As a result, the proposed Project would not cause an adverse effect to
a historic resource and no mitigation is necessary. Therefore, the Project would not result in a new impact
related to an adverse change in the significance of a historical resource. As such, the proposed Project is
consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to
§15064.5?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.4-14 through 5.4-16 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact with implementation of GPU EIR Mitigation Measures CUL-
1 through CUL-3.
As described previously, a Cultural Resources Assessment was prepared for the Project in May 2025 by
BFSA Environmental Services consistent with GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-1. A search of the California
Historic Resources Inventory System (CHRIS) identified 19 cultural resources within a one-mile radius of the
Project site, none of which are located within the Project boundaries. The records search also indicated that
20 previous cultural resources studies have been conducted within one mile of the Project boundaries, one of
which overlaps a portion of the Project site. In addition to the records search, a Sacred Lands File (SLF)
search was requested from the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC). The NAHC responded on
March 6, 2025, stating the SLF search was positive for previously known tribal cultural resources or sacred
lands within one mile of the Project site. Because AB 52 does not apply to CEQA Streamlining, no letters
were sent to the identified tribes and tribal contacts. However, the Project would implement GPU EIR
Mitigation Measure CUL-3 and the City’s Tribal COAs, in the event that archaeological or cultural resources
are uncovered during ground-disturbing activities.
On March 24, 2025, a field survey of the Project area was conducted in which no cultural resources were
discovered (Appendix C). The Cultural Resources Assessment concluded that the subject property did not
historically contain any structures and was historically utilized for agriculture. Given the lack of historic
development/occupation on the Project site and the previous agricultural use of the property, there is low
potential for archaeological resources to be encountered on the site. However, GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
CUL-2 and CUL-3 and the City’s Tribal COAs are included, in the event that archaeological or Native
American cultural resources are uncovered during ground-disturbing activities. As described under CUL-2
and CUL-3, construction in the immediate vicinity of the discovery shall be halted while the resources are
evaluated for significance by an archaeologist and curated as appropriate. Therefore, with implementation
of GPU EIR Mitigation Measures CUL-1 through CUL-3 and the City’s Tribal COAs, impacts would be less
than significant.
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c) Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.4-17 and was determined to have a
less than significant impact after implementation of GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-1. The Project site does
not contain a cemetery, and no known formal cemeteries are located within the immediate vicinity of the
Project site. Nevertheless, consistent with GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-1, should human remains be
unearthed during grading and excavation activities associated with Project development, the construction
contractor would be required by California law to comply with California Health and Safety Code Section
7050.5 and Public Resources Code Section 5097.98. According to Section 7050.5(b) and (c), if human
remains are discovered, the County Coroner must be contacted and if the Coroner recognizes the human
remains to be those of a Native American or has reason to believe that they are those of a Native American,
the Coroner is required to contact the NAHC by telephone within 24 hours. Pursuant to California Public
Resources Code Section 5097.98, whenever the NAHC receives notification of a discovery of Native
American human remains from a county coroner, the NAHC is required to immediately notify those persons
it believes to be most likely descended from the deceased Native American. The descendants may, with the
permission of the owner of the land, or his or her authorized representative, inspect the site of discovery of
the Native American human remains and may recommend to the owner or the person responsible for the
excavation work means for treatment or disposition, with appropriate dignity, of the human remains and
any associated grave goods. The descendants shall complete their inspection and make recommendations or
preferences for treatment within 48 hours of being granted access to the site. According to Public Resources
Code Section 5097.98(k), the NAHC is authorized to mediate disputes arising between landowners and
known descendants relating to the treatment and disposition of Native American human burials, skeletal
remains, and items associated with Native American burials.
Through compliance with GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-1 and mandatory compliance with California
Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5 and Public Resources Code Section 5097.98, the Project would not
result in significant impacts to human remains, and impacts would be less than significant. As such, the
proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result
in no new impact.
Conclusion
With regard to the issue area of cultural/paleontological resources, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the
GPU EIR.
3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated in the GPU EIR.
4. Feasible mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR (CUL-1, CUL-2, and CUL-3) would be applied
to the Project. These mitigation measures, detailed below, provide protection for cultural, historical and
archaeological resources and reduce potential impacts to a less-than-significant level.
Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR)
The Proposed Project would be subject to comply with the City’s Cultural and Tribal Standard Conditions of
Approval as listed below:
a. Upon discovery of any tribal cultural or archaeological resources, cease construction activities in the
immediate vicinity of the find until the find can be assessed. All tribal cultural and archaeological
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resources unearthed by Project construction activities shall be evaluated by the qualified archaeologist
and tribal monitor/consultant. If the resources are Native American in origin, interested Tribes (as a result
of correspondence with area Tribes) shall coordinate with the landowner regarding treatment and
curation of these resources. Typically, the Tribe will request preservation in place or recovery for
educational purposes. Work may continue on other parts of the Project while evaluation takes place.
b. Preservation in place shall be the preferred manner of treatment. If preservation in place is not feasible,
treatment may include implementation of archaeological data recovery excavation to remove the
resource along the subsequent laboratory processing and analysis. All Tribal Cultural Resources shall be
returned to the Tribe. Any historic archaeological material that is not Native American in origin shall be
curated at a public, non-profit institution with a research interest in the materials, if such an institution
agrees to accept the material. If no institution accepts the archaeological material, they shall be offered
to the Tribe or a local school or historical society in the area for educational purposes.
c. Archaeological and Native American monitoring and excavation during construction projects shall be
consistent with current professional standards. All feasible care to avoid any unnecessary disturbance,
physical modification, or separation of human remains and associated funerary objects shall be taken.
Principal personnel shall meet the Secretary of the Interior standards for archaeology and have a
minimum of 10 years’ experience as a principal investigator working with Native American
archaeological sites in southern California. The Qualified Archaeologists shall ensure that all other
personnel are appropriately trained and qualified.
GPU Goals and Policies
GPU cultural resource-related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the
following:
Community and Neighborhoods Element
Goal 1: The integrity and character of historic structures, cultural resources sites and overall historic character
of the City of Fontana are maintained and enhanced.
Policies:
• Coordinate City programs and policies to support preservation goals.
• Support and promote community-based historic preservation initiatives
• Designate local historic landmarks.
• Provide appropriate tools to review changes that may detract from historic integrity and character.
Goal 2: Residents’ and visitors’ experience of Fontana is enhanced by a sense of the city’s history.
Policies:
• Enhance public awareness of Fontana’s unique historical and cultural legacy and the economic benefits
of historic preservation in Fontana.
• Support creation of the Fontana Historical Museum.
Goal 3: Cultural and archaeological resources are protected and preserved.
Policy: Collaborate with state agencies to protect cultural and archaeological resources.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
The GPU EIR mitigation measures that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following:
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GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-1: A qualified archaeologist shall perform the following tasks, prior to
construction activities within Project boundaries:
• Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for historic resources, a field
survey for historical resources within portions of the Project site not previously surveyed for cultural
resources shall be conducted.
• Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for historic resources, the
San Bernardino County Archives shall be contacted for information on historical property records.
• Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for sacred land resources,
the Native American Heritage Commission shall be contacted for information regarding sacred lands.
• All historical resources within the Project site, including archaeological and historic resources older than
50 years, shall be inventoried using appropriate State record forms and guidelines followed according
to the California Office of Historic Preservation’s handbook “Instructions for Recording Historical
Resources.” The archaeologist shall then submit two (2) copies of the completed forms to the San
Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for the assignment of trinomials.
• The significance and integrity of all historical resources within the Project site shall be evaluated, using
criteria established in the CEQA Guidelines for important archaeological resources and/or 36 CFR 60.4
for eligibility for listing on the National Register of Historic Places.
• Mitigation measures shall be proposed and conditions of approval (if a local government action)
recommended to eliminate adverse Project effects on significant, important, and unique historical
resources, following appropriate CEQA and/or National Historic Preservation Act's Section 106
guidelines.
• A technical resources management report shall be prepared, documenting the inventory, evaluation, and
proposed mitigation of resources within the Project site, following guidelines for Archaeological Resource
Management Reports prepared by the California Office of Historic Preservation, Preservation Planning
Bulletin 4(a), December 1989. One copy of the completed report, with original illustrations, shall be
submitted to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving.
• If human remains are encountered on the Project site, the San Bernardino County Coroner’s Office shall
be contacted within 24 hours of the find, and all work shall be halted until a clearance is given by that
office and any other involved agencies.
• All resources and data collected within the Project site shall be permanently curated at an appropriate
repository within the County.
A Cultural Resources Assessment has been completed for the Project satisfying the technical study report
requirement of GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-1. The report is included as Appendix C.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-2: If any prehistoric archaeological resources are encountered before or
during grading, the developer shall retain a qualified archaeologist to monitor construction activities and to
take appropriate measures to protect or preserve them for study. With the assistance of the archaeologist,
the City of Fontana shall:
• Enact interim measures to protect undesignated sites from demolition or significant modification without
an opportunity for the City to establish its archaeological value.
• Consider establishing provisions to require incorporation of archaeological sites within new
developments, using their special qualities at a theme or focal point.
• Pursue educating the public about the area's archaeological heritage.
• Proposal mitigation measures and recommend conditions of approval (if a local government action) to
eliminate adverse Project effects on significant, important, and unique prehistoric resources, following
appropriate CEQA guidelines.
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• Prepare a technical resources management report, documenting the inventory, evaluation, and proposed
mitigation of resources within the Project area. Submit one copy of the completed report, with original
illustrations, to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-3: Where consistent with applicable local, State and federal law and
deemed appropriate by the City, future site-specific development projects shall consider the following:
• In the event Native American cultural resources are discovered during construction for future
development, all work in the immediate vicinity of the find shall cease and a qualified archaeologist
meeting Secretary of Interior standards shall be hired to assess the find. Work on the overall Project
may continue during this period;
• Initiate consultation between the appropriate Native American tribal entity (as determined by a
qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) and the City/Project applicant; Transfer
cultural resources investigations to the appropriate Native American entity (as determined by a qualified
archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) as soon as possible;
• Utilize a Native American Monitor from the appropriate Native American entity (as determined by a
qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) where deemed appropriate or
required by the City, during initial ground disturbing activities, cultural resource surveys. and/or cultural
resource excavations.
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5.6.ENERGY
Would the Project:
Project
Peculiar
Impact that is
not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
a) Result in potentially significant
environmental impact due to wasteful,
inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of
energy resources, during Project
construction or operation?
b) Conflict with or obstruct a state or local
plan for renewable energy or energy
efficiency?
Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to energy throughout the document on pages 5.6-12, 5.6-21, and 7-
10. The GPU EIR found that compliance with all applicable building codes, as well as the City’s GP policies
and standard conservation features, would ensure that energy resources are conserved to the maximum
extent possible. Additionally, the GPU EIR determined that continued use of resources as evaluated by the
GP would be nominal and would not conflict with the City’s growth forecasts. Therefore, although irreversible
changes would result from implementation of the GP, such changes would not be considered significant.
Project-Specific Impacts
This section is based on the following report:
• Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis, prepared October 2025, by EPD Solutions
(EPD Solutions, Inc., 2025a), included as Appendix A.
a) Result in potentially significant environmental impacts due to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary
consumption of energy resources, during Project construction or operation?
No New Impact.
Construction
During construction of the proposed Project, energy would be consumed in three general forms:
1. Petroleum-based fuels used to power off-road construction vehicles and equipment, construction worker
travel to and from the site, as well as delivery truck trips;
2. Electricity associated with providing temporary power for lighting and electric equipment; and
3. Energy used in the production of construction materials, such as asphalt, paint, fencing, lighting, and gate
materials.
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Electricity and Natural Gas Usage
Due to the Project size and the fact that construction is temporary, the electricity used during construction of
the proposed Project would be substantially less than that required for Project operation and would have a
negligible contribution to the Project’s overall energy consumption. The electric power used would be for as-
necessary lighting and electronic equipment such as computers inside temporary construction trailers. Natural
gas is not anticipated to be needed for construction activities. Any consumption of natural gas would be
minor and negligible in comparison to the usage during the operation of the proposed Project and
Countywide consumption.
Construction equipment (off-road and heavy-duty vehicles), as well as vendor and haul trucks used for
material delivery and soil import/export during grading, would operate on diesel fuel. Construction workers
would travel to and from the Project site throughout the duration of construction, and for a conservative
analysis, it is assumed that construction workers would travel in gasoline-powered passenger vehicles. Table
E-1 details the construction fuel usage over the Project’s construction period.
Table E-1: Total Construction Fuel Usage
Construction Source Diesel Fuel (Gallons) Gasoline Fuel (Gallons)
Construction Vehicles 11,345.5 5,672.7
Off-Road Construction Equipment 35,835.0 -
Total 47,180.5 5,672.7
Countywide Consumptions 3,541,000.0 416,064,805.7
Percentage Increase (%) 1.33 <0.01
Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A)
As shown in Table E-1, construction of the proposed Project would require a total of approximately 47,180.5
gallons of diesel fuel and 5,672.7 gallons of gasoline fuel. Thus, the construction of the proposed Project
would result in a 1.33 percent increase over countywide construction off-road consumption and <0.01
percent increase over countywide on-road gasoline consumptions. Thus, increased energy consumption from
the construction of the proposed Project would be nominal.
Construction activities would require limited energy consumption, would comply with all existing regulations,
and would therefore not be expected to use large amounts of energy or fuel in a wasteful manner. California
Code of Regulations (CCR) Title 13, Motor Vehicles, Section 2449(d)(3), Idling, limits idling times of
construction vehicles to no more than 5 minutes, thereby precluding unnecessary and wasteful consumption of
fuel due to unproductive idling of construction equipment. Construction contractors are also required to
demonstrate compliance with applicable California Air Resources Board (CARB) regulations governing the
accelerated retrofitting, repowering, or replacement of heavy-duty diesel on- and off-road equipment. In
addition, compliance with existing CARB idling restrictions and the use of newer engines and equipment
would reduce fuel combustion and energy consumption. Therefore, construction of the proposed Project would
not involve any unusual or increased need for energy. In addition, the extent of construction activities that
would occur is limited to a 16-month period, and the demand for construction-related electricity and fuels
would be limited to that time frame. Thus, impacts related to construction energy usage would be less than
significant. Therefore, construction-related fuel consumption by the proposed Project would not result in
inefficient, wasteful, or unnecessary energy use compared with other construction sites in the region, and no
new impacts would occur.
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Operation
Once operational, the Project would generate demand for electricity as well as gasoline for motor vehicle
trips. Operational use of energy includes the heating, cooling, and lighting of the residences, water heating,
operation of electrical systems and plug-in appliances, outdoor lighting, and the transport of electricity and
water to the residences. There is no additional energy infrastructure that would be required to be built to
operate the Project, and no operational activities would occur that would result in extraordinary energy
consumption.
As detailed in Table E-2, operation of the proposed Project is estimated to result in the annual use of
approximately 507,881 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electricity, 35,728 gallons of gas and no natural gas.
Table E-2: Energy Consumption Estimates During Project Operation
Operational Source Energy Usage Countywide Energy
Consumption
Percentage Increase
Electricity (Kilowatt-Hour)1 507,881.0 16,629,614,195.0 0.0031%
Gasoline Consumption
(Gallons)
35,728.0 416,064,508.7 0.0086%
Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A)
The proposed Project would be required to meet the current Title 24 energy efficiency standards, which is
included as GPU RR E-1. Typical Title 24 measures include insulation; use of energy-efficient heating,
ventilation, and air conditioning equipment (HVAC); solar-reflective roofing materials; energy- efficient
indoor and outdoor lighting systems; reclamation of heat rejection from refrigeration equipment to generate
hot water; and incorporation of skylights, etc. In complying with the Title 24 standards, impacts to peak
energy usage would be minimized, and impacts on statewide and regional energy needs would be reduced.
Thus, operation of the Project would not use large amounts of energy or fuel in a wasteful manner, and
operational energy impacts would be less than significant. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with
the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
b) Conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency?
No New Impact. The California Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards are designed to ensure new
and existing buildings achieve energy efficiency and preserve outdoor and indoor environmental quality.
The California Energy Commission is responsible for adopting, implementing, and updating building energy
efficiency. Local city and county enforcement agencies have the authority to verify compliance with
applicable building codes, including energy efficiency. The proposed Project would be required to meet the
California Code of Regulations (CCR) Title 24 energy efficiency standards in effect during permitting of the
Project. Further, as described in Section 5.8, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, the Project would not impede the
State’s progress towards carbon neutrality by 2045 under the 2022 Scoping Plan or with the SCAG
RTP/SCS GHG reduction targets which are inclusive of energy efficiency measures. Therefore, the Project
would not conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency, and
impacts would not occur. As such, the Project would have less than significant impacts related to energy and
there would be no new impact. Therefore, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in
the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
Conclusion
With regards to the issue area of energy, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
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2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the
GPU EIR.
3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated in the GPU EIR.
4. According to the GPU EIR, compliance with all applicable building codes and standard conservation
features, would ensure that energy resources are conserved to the maximum extent possible. Further
continued use of resources would be nominal and would not conflict with the City’s growth forecasts.
Therefore, although irreversible changes would result from implementation of the GPU, such changes
would not be considered significant.
Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR)
RR E-1. Pursuant to Fontana Municipal Code Section 5-550, projects are required to abide by Title 24
Chapter 6 of the California Code of Regulations with respect to energy efficiency standards.
GPU Goals and Policies
None.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
None.
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5.7.GEOLOGY AND SOILS
Would the Project:
Project
Peculiar
Impact that is
not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
a) Directly or indirectly cause potential
substantial adverse effects, including the risk
of loss, injury, or death involving:
i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as
delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo
Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the
State Geologist for the area or based on
other substantial evidence of a known
fault? Refer to Division of Mines and
Geology Special Publication 42?
ii) Strong seismic ground shaking?
iii) Seismic-related ground failure, including
liquefaction?
iv) Landslides?
b) Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss
of topsoil?
c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is
unstable, or that would become unstable as a
result of the Project, and potentially result in
on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading,
subsidence, liquefaction or collapse?
d) Be located on expansive soil, as defined
in Table 18-1-B of the Uniform Building Code
(1994), creating substantial direct or indirect
risks to life or property?
e) Have soils incapable of adequately
supporting the use of septic tanks or
alternative waste water disposal systems
where sewers are not available for the
disposal of waste water?
f) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique
paleontological resource or site or unique
geologic feature?
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Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
Geology and Soils
The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to geology and soils on pages 5.5-1 through 5.5-12 and determined
impacts to be less than significant with compliance and/or adherence to Federal, State and local regulation,
and goals and policies in the GP.
Paleontological Resources
The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to paleontological resources on pages 5.4-8 and 5.9-26 through
5.4-16. The GPU EIR describes that the City is underlain by relatively young alluvial deposits and therefore
has low paleontological sensitivity. However, the GPU EIR includes CUL-4 and CUL-5 in the event that
paleontological resources are exposed during ground-disturbing activities. The GPU EIR determined that
impacts to paleontological resources would be less than significant with compliance of regulatory
requirements, Project-specific evaluation, and goals and policies of the GP.
Project-Specific Impacts
This section was prepared using the following reports:
• Geotechnical Engineering Investigation, prepared October 2024, by GeoSoils Consultants (GeoSoils
Consultants, 2024), and included as Appendix D.
• Paleontological Assessment, prepared May 2025, by BFSA Environmental Services (BFSA Environmental
Services, 2025b), and included as Appendix E.
a) Directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or
death involving:
i. Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo
Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other
substantial evidence of a known fault?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.5-7 through 5.5-9 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance of regulatory requirements, and
goals and policies of the GPU. As stated in the GPU EIR, there are a number of potentially active
and active fault systems located within the region that may impact the City. However, impacts were
determined to be less than significant after compliance with applicable building codes (i.e., City
Building Code, California Building Standards Code) and implementation of GP 2015-2035 Noise
and Safety Element goals and policies, and the Local Hazards Mitigation Plan.
The Geotechnical Investigation identified that the Project site is not located within a designated
Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone (Appendix D). The closest fault zone is the Sierra Madre Fault
Zone which lies approximately 3.5 miles north of the site (Department of Conservation, 2025). Since
no known faults exist within the Project site, the probability of ground surface rupture occurring at
the site is considered low (Appendix D). Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts related
to rupture of a known fault. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in
the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
ii. Strong seismic ground shaking?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages on pages 5.5-7 through 5.5-9
and was determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance of regulatory
requirements, and goals and policies of the GPU. The Project site is located in a seismically active
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region, as is all of southern California. The Project site could be subject to seismically related strong
ground shaking. The amount of motion expected at a building site can vary from none to forceful
depending upon the distance to the fault, the magnitude of the earthquake, and the local geology.
Greater movement can be expected at sites located closer to an earthquake epicenter, that consist
of poorly consolidated material such as alluvium located near the source, and in response to an
earthquake of great magnitude.
As discussed above, the Sierra Madre Fault Zone lies approximately 3.5 miles north of the site
(Department of Conservation, 2025). Due to the site’s close proximity to faults, the Project site is
expected to be subject to strong seismic ground shaking during the life of the Project. However, the
proposed Project would be designed in accordance with Chapter 16 of the California Building Code
(CBC)(RR GEO-1). The CBC includes provisions for earthquake resistant design that include
considerations for geologic hazard and on-site soil conditions. The City of Fontana has adopted the
CBC in Section 5.61 of the Fontana Municipal Code and the Project would be required to adhere
to the provisions of the CBC (RR GEO-1), as part of the plan check and development review process.
Compliance with the requirements of the CBC and goals and policies in the GP would reduce hazards
from strong seismic ground shaking to a less than significant level. Therefore, the Project would result
in no new impacts on people or structures due to strong seismic ground shaking. As such, the proposed
Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result
in no new impact.
iii. Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages on pages 5.5-7 through 5.5-9
and was determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance of regulatory
requirements, and goals and policies of the GPU. The Geotechnical Investigation determined that
the potential for liquefaction related to seismic activity is considered low (Appendix D). Additionally,
according to the USGS Liquefaction Susceptibility Zones Map, provided in Appendix F of the GPU
EIR, the Project site is not within an area mapped for high susceptibility to liquefaction (City of
Fontana, 2018). Based on the results of the Geotechnical Investigation and the map provided by
the City, the soils underlying the Project site would not be considered at risk for liquefaction.
Additionally, as described previously, the proposed Project would be required to be constructed in
compliance with the CBC (RR GEO-1), which would be verified through the City’s plan check and
permitting process. Thus, potential impacts related to liquefaction, settlement, and subsidence would
be less than significant. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts on people or structures
due to ground failure or liquefaction. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings
contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
iv. Landslides?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.5-7 through 5.5-9 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance of regulatory requirements, and
goals and policies of the GP.
The Project site is flat and is not located near substantial slopes or hillsides. There are no known
landslides near the site, nor is the site in the path of any known or potential landslides. Additionally,
according to the Geologic Hazard Overlays- Landslide and Liquefaction Susceptibility Map
provided in Appendix F of the GPU EIR, the Project site is not within an area mapped for high
susceptibility to landslides (City of Fontana, 2018). Therefore, the Project would not expose people
or structures to slope instability or seismically induced landslides, and the Project would result in no
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new impacts related to landslides. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings
contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
b) Result in soil erosion or the loss of topsoil?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages on pages 5.5-7 through 5.5-9 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance of regulatory requirements, and goals
and policies of the GPU.
As stated in the GPU EIR, during construction activities, soil would be exposed and there would be an increase
in potential for soil erosion compared to existing conditions. To reduce the potential for soil erosion and the
loss of topsoil, a Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) is required by the City and RWQCB
regulations to be developed by a QSD (Qualified SWPPP Developer), which would be implemented by RR
HYD-1. The SWPPP is required to address site-specific conditions related to specific grading and construction
activities that could cause erosion and the loss of topsoil and to provide erosion control BMPs to reduce or
eliminate the erosion and loss of topsoil. Erosion control BMPs include use of silt fencing, fiber rolls, or gravel
bags, stabilized construction entrance/exit, hydroseeding, etc. Therefore, with the implementation of a
SWPPP, the Project would not result in less than significant impacts to soil erosion or the loss of topsoil. As
such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project
would result in no new impact.
c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of
the project, and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence,
liquefaction or collapse?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.5-10 and was determined to have a
less than significant impact with compliance of regulatory requirements, the preparation of a site-specific
geotechnical study, and goals and policies of the GP. As discussed on page 5.5-10 of the GPU EIR, all future
development projects would require Project-specific geotechnical studies. Consistent with the findings of the
GPU EIR, a Project-specific Geotechnical Engineering Investigation was prepared by GeoSoils Consultants
Inc. in October 2024 (Appendix D).
As described above, the Project site is flat and does not contain, nor is adjacent to any significant slope of
hillside area. The Project would not create slopes. Thus, on or off-site landslides would not occur from
implementation of the Project.
Lateral spreading is a type of liquefaction induced ground failure associated with the lateral displacement
of surficial blocks of sediment resulting from liquefaction in a subsurface layer. Once liquefaction transforms
the subsurface layer into a fluid mass, gravity plus the earthquake inertial forces may cause the mass to
move downslope towards a free face (such as a river channel or an embankment). Lateral spreading may
cause large horizontal displacements and such movement typically damages pipelines, utilities, bridges, and
structures. The Project site is underlain with alluvium which consists of brown to yellowish brown, silty gravelly
sand and sandy gravel that is dry and dense, which do not possess characteristics conducive to lateral
spreading/liquefaction. Therefore, the Project site is not susceptible to liquefaction. Similarly, the site is not
susceptible to lateral spreading.
Subsidence is a general lowering of the ground surface over a large area that is generally attributed to
lowering of the ground water levels within a groundwater basin. Localized or focal subsidence or settlement
of the ground can occur as a result of earthquake motion in an area where groundwater in a basin is lowered.
As described previously, groundwater was not encountered to the maximum depth of 50 feet (Appendix D).
In addition, the Project would not involve groundwater pumping from the Project area. Thus, impacts related
to subsidence would not occur from implementation of the Project. Additionally, any potential risk of
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subsidence would be lowered through adherence to grading and earthwork operation recommendations of
the CBC (RR GEO-1) ensured by the City through the permitting process.
With compliance with the CBC (RR GEO-1), potential impacts related to lateral spreading, subsidence,
liquefaction, and collapse would be less than significant. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the
findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
d) Be located on expansive soil, as defined in in Table 18-1-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994),
creating substantial risks to life or property?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.5-10 and was determined to have a
less than significant impact with compliance of regulatory requirements, and goals and policies of the GP.
Expansive soils contain clay particles that swell when wet and shrink when dry. Foundations constructed on
expansive soils are subjected to forces caused by the swelling and shrinkage of the soils and could result in
heaving and cracking of buildings and foundations. The Geotechnical Investigation found that near-surface
site soils consist of very fine to coarse sands and soils would have a very low to low expansion (Appendix
D). Therefore, impacts related to expansive soil would be less than significant. Additionally, the Project would
require compliance with the CBC requirements (RR GEO-1), as implemented by the Fontana Municipal Code
and through the plan check and permitting process. Thus, impacts related to expansive soils would be less
than significant and no new impacts would occur from the Project. As such, the proposed Project is consistent
with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
e) Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater
disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of wastewater?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.5-10 and was determined to have a
less than significant impact. Because no septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems are proposed
as part of the Project, impacts related to these facilities would not occur. Further, the Project would install
on-site sewer lines that would connect to the existing infrastructure that is adjacent to the site. As such, the
proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result
in no new impact.
f) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.4-16 and was determined to have a
less than significant impact with compliance of regulatory requirements, Project-specific evaluation, and goals
and policies of the GPU.
Consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR, a Project-specific Paleontological Assessment was conducted by
BFSA Environmental Services in May 2025 (Appendix E). The Paleontological Assessment included a review
of paleontological literature and fossil locality records for a previous project in the area and a review of
the underlying geology. The records search indicates that no known fossil localities are present within the
Project boundaries; however, fossils have been found and recorded approximately four to five miles south
of the Project area. The Project site is underlain by Holocene-aged alluvial-fan deposits that could potentially
overlay older paleontologically sensitive Pleistocene alluvial deposits. However, based on shallow grading
depths for the development and young, coarse alluvial deposits composing the near-surface stratigraphy,
the potential to encounter paleontologically sensitive Pleistocene alluvium is considered low. Therefore, the
potential to yield paleontological resources is low. However, in the event that paleontological resources are
exposed during ground-disturbing activities, a qualified paleontologist shall be retained pursuant to GPU
EIR Mitigation Measures CUL-4 and CUL-5, and construction activities in the immediate vicinity of the
discovery shall be halted while the resources are evaluated for significance by the paleontologist and
curated as appropriate. Implementation of GPU EIR Mitigation Measures CUL-4 and CUL-5 would reduce
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potential impacts to a less than significant level. Therefore, the Project is consistent with the findings contained
in the GPU EIR impacts and would result in no new impacts that would directly or indirectly destroy a unique
paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature.
Conclusion
With regards to the issue area of geology and soils, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the
GPU EIR.
3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated in the GPU EIR.
4. No mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR would be required for geologic resources because
Project specific impacts would be less than significant. However, feasible mitigation measures contained
within the GPU EIR (CUL-4 and CUL-5) would be applied to the Project to provide protection to
paleontological resources.
Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR)
RR GEO-1: California Building Code. The Project will be designed and constructed in accordance with
Fontana Municipal Code Section 5-61, which adopts the California Building Code (CBC) and California
Residential Code (CRC), which are based on the International Building Code (IBC). New construction,
alteration, or rehabilitation shall comply with applicable ordinances set forth by the City and/or by the most
recent City building and seismic codes in effect at the time of Project design.
RR HYD-1: Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). The Project will be constructed in accordance
with the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) General Permit for Storm Water
Discharges Associated with the Construction and Land Disturbance Activities, Order No 2009- 0009-DWQ
(as amended by 2010-0014-DWQ and 2012-0006-DWQ), NPDES No. CAS000002 (or the latest
approved Construction General Permit). Compliance requires filing a Notice of Intent (NOI); a Risk
Assessment; a Site Map; a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) and associated Best Management
Practices (BMPs); an annual fee; and a signed certification statement.
GPU Goals and Policies
GPU geology and soils related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the
following:
Noise and Safety Element
Goal 4: Seismic injury and loss of life, property damage, and other impacts caused by seismic shaking, fault
rupture, ground failure, earthquake-induced landslides, and other earthquake-induced ground deformation
are minimized in the city of Fontana.
Policies:
• The City shall monitor development or redevelopment in areas where faults have been mapped through
the city.
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• The City shall continue to ensure that current geologic knowledge and peer (third party) review are
incorporated into the design, planning, and construction stages of a project and that site - specific data
are applied to each project.
• The City shall continue to ensure to the fullest extent possible that, in the event of a major disaster,
essential structures and facilities remain safe and functional, as required by current law. Essential
facilities include hospitals, police stations, fire stations, emergency operation centers, communication
centers, generators and substations, and reservoirs.
Goal 9: The City maintains regulations, plans, protocols and emergency training to reduce hazards and risks
and to meet state and federal requirements for emergency assistance.
Policies:
• Keep hazard-mitigation and emergency services programs up to date.
• Continue to provide hazard and risk mitigation and emergency training to public employees and the
public at large.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
The GPU EIR mitigation measures that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following:
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-4: A qualified paleontologist shall conduct a pre-construction field survey
of any project site within the Specific Plan Update area that is underlain by older alluvium. The paleontologist
shall submit a report of findings that provides specific recommendations regarding further mitigation
measures (i.e., paleontological monitoring) that may be appropriate.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-5: Should mitigation monitoring of paleontological resources be
recommended for a specific project within the project site, the program shall include, but not be limited to,
the following measures:
• Assign a paleontological monitor, trained and equipped to allow the rapid removal of fossils with
minimal construction delay, to the site full-time during the interval of earth-disturbing activities.
• Should fossils be found within an area being cleared or graded, earth-disturbing activities shall be
diverted elsewhere until the monitor has completed salvage. If construction personnel make the discovery,
the grading contractor shalt immediately divert construction and notify the monitor of the find.
• All recovered fossils shall be prepared, identified, and curated for documentation in the summary report
and transferred to an appropriate depository (i.e., San Bernardino County Museum).
• A summary report shall be submitted to City of Fontana. Collected specimens shall be transferred with
copy of report to San Bernardino County Museum.
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5.8.GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
The GPU EIR discussed greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) on pages 5.6-1 through 5.6-26. The GPU EIR
determined that with compliance and/or adherence to Federal, State and local regulation, and goals and
policies in the GP, and implementation of BMPs listed under GPU EIR Mitigation Measure GHG-1, GHG
emissions would be reduced to meet State GHG reduction targets and impacts would be less than significant.
Project-Specific Impacts
This section is based on the following reports:
• Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis, prepared October 2025, by EPD Solutions
(EPD Solutions, Inc., 2025a), included as Appendix A.
GHG Thresholds
CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.4 provides discretion to the lead agency whether to: (1) use a model of
methodology to quantify GHG emissions resulting from a project, and which model or methodology to use;
or (2) rely on a qualitative analysis or performance-based standards. In addition, CEQA does not provide
guidance to determine whether the project’s estimated GHG emissions are significant, but recommends that
lead agencies consider several factors that may be used in the determination of significance of p roject
related GHG emissions, including:
• The extent to which the project may increase or reduce GHG emissions as compared to the existing
environmental setting.
• Whether the project emissions exceed a threshold of significance that the lead agency determines
applies to the project.
• The extent to which the project complies with regulations or requirements adopted to implement a
statewide, regional, or local plan for the reduction or mitigation of GHG emissions.
CEQA Guidelines Section 15130(f) describes that the effects of GHG emissions are by their very nature
cumulative and should be analyzed in the context of CEQA’s requirements for cumulative impact analysis.
Would the Project:
Project
Peculiar
Impact that is
not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions,
either directly or indirectly, that may have a
significant impact on the environment?
b) Conflict with an applicable plan, policy
or regulation adopted for the purpose of
reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases?
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Additionally, CEQA Guidelines Section 15064(h)3 states that a project’s incremental contribution to a
cumulative impact can be found not cumulatively considerable if the project would comply with an approved
plan or mitigation program that provides requirements to avoid or lessen the cumulative problem.
CEQA allows the significance criteria established by the applicable air quality management or air pollution
control district to be used to assess impacts of a project on climate change.
California State Executive Order S-3-05, issued by Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger in June 2005,
established comprehensive GHG reduction targets for the state (Executive Department State of California,
2005). It mandated reducing GHG emissions to 2000 levels by 2010, to 1990 levels by 2020, and to 80
percent below 1990 levels by 2050. This Executive Order laid the foundation for subsequent climate change
mitigation efforts in California, including the development of various policies and programs aimed at
reducing emissions across sectors such as transportation, energy, and industry. The objective of the Executive
Order is to contribute to capping worldwide CO2 concentrations at 450 parts per million (ppm), stabilizing
global climate change.
SCAQMD convened a GHG Emissions CEQA Significance Threshold Working Group to help lead agencies
determine significance thresholds for GHG emissions when SCAQMD is not the lead agency. The last working
group was held in September 2010 (Meeting No. 15) and proposed a tiered approach (Tier I to Tier V),
equivalent to the existing consistency determination requirements in CEQA Guidelines Sections 15064(h)(3)
or 15125(d) (SCAQMD, 2010). The applicable screening threshold tier is described in further detail below.
Tier III – Numerical Screening Thresholds
The SCAQMD’s draft threshold uses the Executive Order S-3-05 goal as the basis for the Tier III screening
level. Tier III consists of screening values which the lead agency can choose from, but it must be consistent
with all projects within its jurisdiction. A project’s construction emissions are averaged over 30 years and are
added to the project’s operational emissions. If a project’s emissions are below one of the following screening
thresholds, then the project impact would be less than significant:
• Option 1, all land use types: 3,000 MTCO2e per year
• Option 2, based on land use type:
o Residential: 3,500 MTCO2e per year
o Commercial: 1,400 MTCO2e per year
o Mixed-use: 3,000 MTCO2e per year
Based on the foregoing guidance, the City has elected to rely on compliance with a local air district
(SCAQMD) threshold in the determination of significance of project-related GHG emissions. Specifically, the
City has selected the interim 3,000 MTCO2e per year threshold recommended by SCAQMD staff against
which to compare Project-related GHG emissions.
a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact
on the environment?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.6-13 through 5.6-20 and determined
impacts would be less than significant with compliance and/or adherence to Federal, State and local
regulation, and goals and policies in the GP.
As described in Section 3.0, Project Description, construction of the proposed Project is anticipated to occur
over approximately 16 months, beginning in the third quarter of 2026. GHG emissions associated with
Project construction would occur over the short term and would consist primarily of emissions from equipment
exhaust. The calculations presented below include construction emissions in terms of annual CO2e GHG
emissions from increased energy consumption, water usage, and solid waste disposal, as well as estimated
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GHG emissions from vehicular traffic that would result from implementation of the proposed Project. During
construction of the proposed Project, GHGs would be emitted through the operation of construction
equipment, as well as emissions from worker and vendor vehicles.
As discussed above, the SCAQMD does not have an adopted threshold of significance for construction
related GHG emissions. However, lead agencies are required to quantify and disclose GHG emissions that
would occur during construction. Total estimated GHG emissions from construction of the proposed Project
were amortized over 30 years per SCAQMD methodology. As shown in Table GHG -1, it is estimated that
the proposed Project would generate a total of approximately 453 MTCO2e during construction. When
amortized over the 30-year life of the proposed Project, annual emissions would be 15 MTCO2e.
Table GHG-1: Construction Greenhouse Gas Emissions (MT/year)
Activity Annual GHG Emissions (MTCO2e)
2026 190
2027 263
Total Emissions 453
Total Emissions Amortized Over 30 Years 15
Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A)
Operation of the proposed residences would result in area and indirect sources of operational GHG
emissions that would primarily result from vehicle trips, area sources (e.g., maintenance activities and
landscaping), indirect emissions from sources associated with energy consumption, waste sources (land filling
and waste disposal), and water sources (water supply and conveyance, treatment, and distribution). GHG
emissions from electricity consumed by the residences would be generated off-site by fuel combustion at the
electricity provider. GHG emissions from water transport are also indirect emissions resulting from the energy
required to transport water from its source.
The CalEEMod modeled operational and total GHG emissions that would be generated from implementation
of the proposed Project are shown in Table GHG-2. In accordance with SCAQMD’s methodology, the
Project’s construction-related GHG emissions are amortized over 30 years and added to the operational
emissions estimate in order to determine the Project’s total annual GHG emissions.
As shown in Table GHG-2, the Project would generate approximately 475 MTCO2e per year, which would
not exceed the SCAQMD threshold of 3,000 MTCO2e per year for all land use types.
Table GHG-2: Operational Greenhouse Gas Emissions (MT/year)
Activity Annual GHG Emissions (MTCO2e)
Mobile 357
Area 1
Energy 80
Water 5
Waste 17
Total Project Operation Emissions 460
Project Construction Emissions 15
Total Project Emissions 475
Significance Threshold 3,000
Threshold Exceeded? No
Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A)
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In addition, the Project would implement GPU EIR MM GHG-1, which would require the incorporation of
project design features to further reduce GHG emissions. Thus, with implementation of GPU EIR MM GHG-
1, GHG emissions from construction and operation of the proposed Project would be less than significant. As
such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project
would result in no new impact.
b) Conflict with an applicable plan, policy or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the
emissions of greenhouse gases?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.6-20 through 5.6-23 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance and/or adherence to Federal, State and
local regulation, and goals and policies in the GP.
City of Fontana General Plan Update
Table GHG-3, City of Fontana General Plan Update Consistency Summary, provides a consistency summary
that outlines the City of Fontana GPU goals and policies related to GHG emissions. As shown in Table GHG-
3, the Project would be consistent with the City of Fontana GPU goals and policies related to GHG emissions.
Table GHG-3: City of Fontana General Plan Update Consistency Summary
Goals Consistency
Community Mobility and Circulation
Goal 5: Fontana’s commercial and
mixed-use areas include a multi-
functional street network that ensures a
safe, comfortable, and efficient
movement of people, goods, and
services to support a high quality of life
and economic vitality.
Consistent. The Project includes 7,089.46 square feet of off -site
improvements consisting of the construction of 12-foot-wide sidewalks
along the Project frontages on both Tokay Avenue and Citrus Avenue.
The City of Fontana is served by Omnitrans, with Route 10 operating
along the Project’s frontage on Citrus Avenue. These improvements would
support alternate transportation modes, including transit and pedestrian
access.
Goal 6: The city has attractive and
convenient parking facilities for both
motorized and non-motorized vehicles
that meet the needs that fit the context.
Consistent. The proposed Project would provide a total of 167
passenger vehicle stalls, consisting of 74 garage spaces, 44 driveway
spaces, 15 additional on-lot stalls, and 34 guest stalls. The provided
parking supply is consistent with City parking code requirements. In
addition, the garage spaces would also accommodate storage areas for
non-motorized vehicles such as bicycles.
Infrastructure and Green Systems
Goal 7: Fontana is becoming an energy-
efficient community.
Consistent. The proposed Project would be designed to meet the 2025
Title 24 Part 6 building energy requirements, which would minimize the
energy utilized through the installation of enhanced insulation and the use
of energy-efficient lights and appliances. This ensures the Project would
be designed in a manner that would facilitate the reduction of GHG
emissions from on-site sources.
Sustainability and Resilience
Goal 3: Renewable sources of energy,
including solar and wind, and other
energy-conservation strategies are
available to city households and
businesses.
Consistent. Consistent with the 2025 Title 24 Part 6 requirements, the
proposed project would install solar panels as part of the development.
This would contribute to use of renewable resources by the Project.
Goal 6: Green building techniques are
used in new development and retrofits.
Consistent. The proposed Project would be designed to meet the 2025
Title 24 Part 6 and Part 11 building energy and CALGreen requirements,
which would minimize the energy utilized and promote environmental
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Goals Consistency
resilience. This ensures the Project would be designed in a manner that
would facilitate the reduction of GHG emissions from on-site sources and
address the changing climate.
Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A)
CARB 2022 Scoping Plan
Table GHG-4 and Table GHG-5 shows the Project's consistency with applicable actions aimed at reducing
GHG emissions in the 2022 Scoping Plan. As shown, the Project would not impede the State’s progress
towards carbon neutrality by 2045 under the 2022 Scoping Plan. The Project would be required to comply
with applicable current and future regulatory requirements promulgated through the 2022 Scoping Plan. As
such, the Project would be consistent with the 2022 Scoping Plan.
Table GHG-4: 2022 CARB Scoping Plan Consistency Summary
Action Consistency
GHG Emissions Reductions Relative to the SB 32 Target
40% below 1990 levels by 2030. Consistent. The Project would comply with the 2025 Title 24 Part 6
(Energy Code) and Part 11 (CALGreen) requirements, along with other
local and State initiatives that aim to achieve the 40% below 1990 levels
by 2030 goal.
Smart Growth/Vehicle Miles Traveled VMT
VMT per capita is reduced 25% below
2019 levels by 2030, and 30% below
2019 levels by 2045.
Consistent. The proposed Project includes the installation of sidewalks
along the Project’s frontage on Citrus and Tokay Avenues to improve
walkability and encourage walking and the use of the bus as alternative
modes of transportation. The Project is consistent with the growth and
land use assumptions in the Southern California Association of
Governments’ 2022 Connect SoCal Regional Transportation
Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy, so the Project would not
interfere with the analysis completed for the Connect SoCal report
outlining VMT reduction targets and measures.
Light-Duty Vehicle (LDV) Zero-Emission Vehicles (ZEVs)
100% of LDV sales are ZEV by 2035. Consistent. The proposed Project would comply with Title 24, Part 6 by
providing electrical wiring in garages to allow for the future installation
of electric vehicle chargers.
Truck ZEVs
100% of medium-duty (MDV)/HDC
sales are ZEV by 2040 (AB 74 University
of California Institute of Transportation
Studies [ITS] report).
Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and does not
propose the sale of trucks nor would trucks be associated with the Project.
Aviation
20% of aviation fuel demand is met by
electricity (batteries) or hydrogen (fuel
cells) in 2045. Sustainable aviation fuel
meets most or the rest of the aviation fuel
demand that has not already
transitioned to hydrogen or batteries.
Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not utilize
aviation fuel.
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Action Consistency
Ocean-Going Vessels (OGV)
2020 OGV At-Berth regulation fully
implemented, with most OGVs utilizing
shore power by 2027.
25% of OGVs utilize hydrogen fuel cell
electric technology by 2045.
Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not utilize
any OGVs.
Port Operations
100% of cargo handling equipment is
zero-emission by 2037.
100% of drayage trucks are zero
emission by 2035.
Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not be
associated with operations at any ports.
Freight and Passenger Rail
100% of passenger and other
locomotive sales are ZEV by 2030.
100% of line haul locomotive sales are
ZEV by 2035.
Line haul and passenger rail rely
primarily on hydrogen fuel cell
technology, and others primarily utilize
electricity.
Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not
involve any freight or passenger rail operations.
Oil and Gas Extraction
Reduce oil and gas extraction operations
in line with petroleum demand by 2045.
Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not
involve oil and gas extraction operations.
Petroleum Refining
CCS on majority of operations by 2030,
beginning in 2028. Production reduced
in line with petroleum demand.
Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not
involve any petroleum refining.
Electricity Generation
Sector GHG target of 38 million metric
tons of carbon dioxide equivalent
(MMTCO2e) in 2030 and 30 MMTCO2e
in 2035.
Retail sales load coverage13420
gigawatts (GW) of offshore wind by
2045. Meet increased demand for
electrification without new fossil gas-
fired resources.
Consistent. The proposed Project would install solar energy systems in
compliance with Title 24 requirements to meet the demand for
electrification without relying on new fossil gas-fired resources.
New Residential and Commercial Buildings
All electric appliances beginning 2026
(residential) and 2029 (commercial),
contributing to 6 million heat pumps
installed statewide by 2030.
Consistent. The proposed Project would comply with the 2022 Title 24,
Part 6 building energy requirements, which would require all in-unit
appliances for residential projects to be all-electric and Energy Star
certified.
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Action Consistency
Existing Residential Buildings
80% of appliance sales are electric by
2030 and 100% of appliance sales are
electric by 2035.
Appliances are replaced at end of life
such that by 2030 there are 3 million all-
electric and electric-ready homes—and
by 2035, 7 million homes—as well as
contributing to 6 million heat pumps
installed statewide by 2030.
Not Applicable. The Project site is vacant and proposes the construction
of new residential buildings. Therefore, the development of the proposed
Project would not involve any existing residential buildings.
Existing Commercial Buildings
80% of appliance sales are electric by
2030, and 100% of appliance sales are
electric by 2045.
Appliances are replaced at end of life,
contributing to 6 million heat pumps
installed statewide by 2030.
Not Applicable. The Project site is vacant and proposes the construction
of new residential buildings. Therefore, the development of the proposed
Project would not involve any existing Commercial buildings.
Food Products
7.5% of energy demand electrified
directly and/or indirectly by 2030; 75%
by 2045.
Consistent. The proposed Project is a residential project and does not
involve large scale storage of food products. Additionally, the Project
would comply with the 2022 Title 24, Part 6 building energy
requirements, which would require all in-unit appliances for residential
projects to be all-electric and Energy Star certified.
Construction Equipment
25% of energy demand electrified by
2030 and 75% electrified by 2045.
Consistent. The proposed Project would be required to use construction
equipment that is registered by CARB and meet CARB’s standards. CARB
sets its standards to be in line with the goal of reducing energy demand
by 25% in 2030 and 75% in 2045.
Chemicals and Allied Products; Pulp and Paper
Electrify 0% of boilers by 2030 and
100% of boilers by 2045.
Hydrogen for 25% of process heat by
2035 and 100% by 2045.
Electrify 100% of other energy demand
by 2045.
Not Applicable. The proposed Project is a residential project and would
not be utilized for pulp and/or paper products.
Stone, Clay, Glass, and Cement
CCS on 40% of operations by 2035 and
on all facilities by 2045.
Process emissions are reduced through
alternative materials and CCS.
Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not be
utilized for stone, clay, glass, and cement.
Other Industrial Manufacturing
0% energy demand electrified by 2030
and 50% by 2045.
Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not
involve the construction of new industrial manufacturing buildings.
Combined Heat and Power
Facilities retire by 2040. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not
involve any existing combined heat and power facilities.
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Action Consistency
Agriculture Energy Use
25% energy demand electrified by
2030 and 75% by 2045.
Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not
involve any agricultural uses.
Low-Carbon Fuels for Transportation
Biomass supply is used to produce
conventional and advanced biofuels, as
well as hydrogen.
Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not
involve any production of biofuels.
Low-Carbon Fuels for Buildings and Industry
In 2030s, biomethane135 blended in
pipeline
Renewable hydrogen blended in fossil
gas pipeline at 7% energy (~20% by
volume), ramping up between 2030 and
2040.
In 2030s, dedicated hydrogen pipelines
constructed to serve certain industrial
clusters.
Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not
involve any production of energy fuels for buildings and industry, nor
would it impede the development and adoption of utilizing low -carbon
fuels for buildings and industry.
Non-Combustion Methane Emissions
Increase landfill and dairy digester
methane capture.
Some alternative manure management is
being deployed for smaller dairies.
Moderate adoption of enteric strategies
by 2030.
Divert 75% of organic waste from
landfills by 2025.
Oil and gas fugitive methane emissions
reduced 50% by 2030 and further
reductions as infrastructure components
retire in line with reduced fossil gas
demand
Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not
involve any production of non-combustion methane emissions or organic
waste.
High GWP Potential Emissions
Low GWP refrigerants introduced as
building electrification increases,
mitigating HFC emissions.
Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and does not include
large-scale refrigeration uses.
Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A)
Table GHG-5: Local Actions Policies (Appendix D of the 2022 Scoping Plan)
Action Consistency
VMT Reduction
Adopt and implement Complete Streets policies and
investments, consistent with general plan circulation
element requirements.
Consistent. The proposed Project includes the installation
of sidewalks along its frontage on Citrus Avenue and Tokay
Avenue, improving existing conditions and supporting the
City’s Complete Streets goals.
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Action Consistency
Increase public access to shared clean mobility options
(such as planning for and investing in electric shuttles,
bike share, car share, transit).
Consistent. The Project site is located in a developed urban
area with sidewalks along all nearby roadways. The
proposed Project includes the installation of sidewalks
along its frontage on Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue,
improving pedestrian access and connectivity. On-site
walkways would link the internal roadway system to these
new and existing off-site sidewalks. In addition, the nearest
bus stop from the Project driveway is the Citrus -Reed stop,
located approximately 0.04 miles (61.84 meters) east,
providing convenient access to public transit.
Amend zoning or development codes to enable mixed-
use, walkable, and compact infill development (such as
increasing allowable density of the neighborhood).
Consistent. The proposed Project is consistent with the
City’s WMXU-1 General Plan designation and zoning of
FBC–Neighborhood District which has a maximum density
of 5 du/acre. As mentioned previously, the proposed
Project would consist of 34 market rate units and 3 very
low-income affordable units, which qualify the Project for
a density bonus under the State of California Density Bonus
Law (CA Gov Code Section 65915). Therefore, the
proposed Project’s density of 7 du/acre would be
considered consistent pursuant to the Density Bonus Law. As
such, the Project would not result in a zoning or
development code amendment.
Building Decarbonization
Adopt all-electric new construction reach codes. Consistent. The proposed Project would comply with Title
24 Parts 6 and 11, which includes electric heat pumps
installed during construction and electric hookups for all
appliances.
Adopt policies and incentive programs to reduce
electrical loads from equipment plugged into outlets
(such as purchasing Energy Star equipment for
municipal buildings, occupancy sensors, smart power
strips, equipment controllers, etc.).
Consistent. The proposed Project would be constructed in
accordance with Title 24 CALGreen requirements, which
includes installation of Energy Star equipment and
appliances in new buildings.
Facilitate deployment of renewable energy
production and distribution and energy storage.
Consistent. The proposed Project would be constructed in
accordance with the California Energy Code (Title 24 Part
6) to meet all requirements related to solar energy
production and the CALGreen Building Energy Efficiency
Standards (Title 24 Part 11) to meet efficiency standards.
Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A)
2024-2050 SCAG RTP/SCS
The proposed Project would not interfere with the SCAG’s ability to achieve the region’s GHG reduction
target of 19 percent below 2005 per capita emissions levels by 2035. Furthermore, the proposed Project
is not regionally significant per State CEQA Guidelines Section 15206 and as such, it would not conflict with
the SCAG RTP/SCS targets since those targets were established and are applicable on a regional level.
SCAG’s Connect SoCal 2024 policies focus largely on regional transportation and the efficiency of
transportation, which are implemented by counties and cities within the SCAG region, as part of the overall
planning and maintenance of the regional transportation system.
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Overall, the proposed Project would comply with existing State regulations adopted to achieve the overall
GHG emissions reduction goals identified in the 2022 Scoping Plan and would be consistent with applicable
State plans and programs designed to reduce GHG emissions, such as SCAG's RTP/SCS. The regulations,
plans, and polices adopted for the purpose of reducing GHG emissions that are directly applicable to the
Project include the latest Title 24 Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and Nonresidential Buildings
and the Title 24 California Green Building Standards Code (CALGreen). The Project would be required to
comply with the latest Title 24 Standards at the time of building permit issuance.
In addition, as described above, GHG emissions associated with construction and operation of the proposed
Project would not exceed the thresholds set by SCAQMD. Therefore, implementation of the proposed Project
would not conflict with any applicable plan, policy or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the
emissions of GHGs and impacts would be less than significant.
Conclusion
With regard to the issue area of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the
GPU EIR.
3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated in the GPU EIR.
4. No mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR would be required because Project specific impacts
would be less than significant.
Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR)
None.
GPU Goals and Policies
GPU greenhouse gas related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the
following:
Community, Mobility and Circulation Element
Goal 7: The city of Fontana participates in shaping regional transportation policies to reduce traffic
congestion and greenhouse gas emissions.
Policies:
• Lead and participate in initiatives to manage regional traffic.
• Coordinate with regional agencies and Caltrans to participate in regional efforts to maintain
transportation infrastructure in Fontana.
• Participate in the efforts of the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) to coordinate
transportation planning and services that support greenhouse gas reductions.
• Participate in the efforts by Caltrans to reduce congestion and improve traffic flow on area freeways.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
GPU EIR MM GHG-1: Prior to the issuance of building permits, future development projects shall demonstrate
the incorporation of project design features that achieve a minimum of 28.5 percent reduction in GHG
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emissions from non-mobile sources as compared to business as usual conditions. With regard to
expansions/modifications of existing facilities, this mitigation measure shall be applied to the resulting
incremental net increase in enclosed floor area. Future projects shall include, but not be limited to, the
following list of potential design features (which include measures for reducing GHG emissions related to
Transportation and Motor Vehicles).
Energy Efficiency
• Design buildings to be energy efficient and exceed Title 24 requirements by at least 5 percent.
• Install efficient lighting and lighting control systems. Site and design building to take advantage of
daylight.
• Use trees, landscaping and sun screens on west and south exterior building walls to reduce energy
use. Install light colored “cool” roofs and cool pavements.
• Provide information on energy management services for large energy users.
• Install energy efficient heating and cooling systems, appliances and equipment, and control systems
(e.g., minimum of Energy Star rated equipment).
• Implement design features to increase the efficiency of the building envelope (i.e., the barrier
between conditioned and unconditioned spaces).
• Install light emitting diodes (LEDs) for traffic, street and other outdoor lighting.
• Limit the hours of operation of outdoor lighting.
Renewable Energy
• Install solar panels on carports and over parking areas. Ensure all industrial buildings are designed
to have “solar ready” roofs.
• Use combined heat and power in appropriate applications.
Water Conservation and Efficiency
• Create water-efficient landscapes with a preference for a xeriscape landscape palette.
• Install water-efficient irrigation systems and devices, such as soil moisture-based irrigation controls.
• Design buildings to be water-efficient. Install water-efficient fixtures and appliances (e.g., EPA
WaterSense labeled products).
• Restrict watering methods (e.g., prohibit systems that apply water to non-vegetated surfaces) and
control runoff.
• Restrict the use of water for cleaning outdoor surfaces and vehicles.
• Implement low-impact development practices that maintain the existing hydrologic character of the
site to manage storm water and protect the environment. (Retaining storm water runoff on-site can
drastically reduce the need for energy-intensive imported water at the site).
• Devise a comprehensive water conservation strategy appropriate for the Project and location. The
strategy may include many of the specific items listed above, plus other innovative measures that
are appropriate to the specific Project.
• Provide education about water conservation and available programs and incentives.
Solid Waste Measures
• Reuse and recycle construction and demolition waste (including, but not limited to, soil, vegetation,
concrete, lumber, metal, and cardboard).
• Provide interior and exterior storage areas for recyclables and green waste and adequate
recycling containers located in public areas.
• Provide education and publicity about reducing waste and available recycling services.
Transportation and Motor Vehicles
• Limit idling time for commercial vehicles, including delivery and construction vehicles.
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• Promote ride sharing programs (e.g., by designating certain percentage of parking spaces for ride
sharing vehicles, designating adequate passenger loading and unloading and waiting areas for
ride sharing vehicles, and providing a web site or message board for coordinating rides).
• Create local “light vehicle” networks, such as neighborhood electric vehicle (NEV) systems.
• Provide the necessary facilities and infrastructure to encourage the use of low or zero emission
vehicles (e.g., electric vehicle charging facilities and conveniently located alternative fueling
stations).
• Promote “least polluting” ways to connect people and goods to their destinations.
• Incorporate bicycle lanes and routes into street systems, new subdivisions, and large developments.
• Incorporate bicycle-friendly intersections into street design.
• For commercial projects, provide adequate bicycle parking near building entrances to promote
cyclist safety, security, and convenience. For large employers, provide facilities that encourage
bicycle commuting (e.g., locked bicycle storage or covered or indoor bicycle parking).
• Create bicycle lanes and walking paths directed to the location of schools, parks, and other
destination points.
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5.9. HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Would the Project:
Project
Peculiar
Impact that is
not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
a) Create a significant hazard to the public
or the environment through the routine
transport, use, or disposal of hazardous
materials?
b) Create a significant hazard to the public
or the environment through reasonably
foreseeable upset and accident conditions
involving the release of hazardous materials
into the environment?
c) Emit hazardous emissions or handle
hazardous or acutely hazardous materials,
substances, or waste within one-quarter mile
of an existing or proposed school?
d) Be located on a site which is included on a
list of hazardous materials sites compiled
pursuant to Government Code Section
65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a
significant hazard to the public or the
environment?
e) For a Project located within an airport land
use plan or, where such a plan has not been
adopted, within two miles of a public airport
or public use airport, would the Project result
in a safety hazard or excessive noise for
people residing or working in the Project
area?
f) Impair implementation of or physically
interfere with an adopted emergency
response plan or emergency evacuation
plan?
g) Expose people or structures, either directly
or indirectly, to a significant risk of loss, injury
or death involving wildland fires?
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Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
The GPU EIR discussed hazards and hazardous materials impacts on pages 5.7-1 through 5.7-14 and
determined impacts would be less than significant with compliance and/or adherence to Federal, State and
local regulation, and goals and policies in the GP. Although the GPU EIR did not identify significant impacts
related to hazards and hazardous materials, GPU EIR Mitigation Measures HAZ-1, HAZ-2, HAZ-4 and HAZ-
5 were included to be applied to future projects, as necessary, to reduce potential impacts.
Project-Specific Impacts
This section is based on the following reports:
• Phase I Environmental Site Assessment, prepared in September 2024 by Converse Consultants (Converse
Consultants, 2024), and included as Appendix F.
• Phase II Environmental Site Assessment, prepared in October 2024 by Converse Consultants (Converse
Consultants, 2024b), and included as Appendix G.
a) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or
disposal of hazardous materials?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.7-5 through 5.7-7 and was determined
to have a less-than-significant impact with compliance and/or adherence to Federal, State and local
regulation, goals and policies in the GP. A hazardous material is defined as any material that, due to its
quantity, concentration, or physical or chemical characteristics, poses a significant present or potential hazard
to human health and safety or to the environment if released into the workplace or environment. Hazardous
materials include, but are not limited to, hazardous substances, hazardous wastes, and any material that a
business or the local implementing agency has a reasonable basis for believing would be injurious to the
health and safety of persons or harmful to the environment if released into the workplace or the environment.
Hazardous wastes require special handling and disposal because of their potential to damage public health
and the environment.
Construction
Construction activities for the proposed Project would involve routine transport, use, and disposal of
hazardous materials such as paints, solvents, oils, grease, and calking. In addition, routine hazardous
materials would be used for fueling and serving construction equipment on-site. These types of hazardous
materials routinely used during construction are not acutely hazardous, and all storage, handling, use, and
disposal of these materials are regulated by existing state and federal laws that the Project is required to
strictly adhere to. As a result, the routine transport, use or disposal of hazardous materials during construction
activities for the proposed Project would be less than significant.
Operation
The Project involves the operation of 37 new residential units, which involve routinely using hazardous
materials including solvents, cleaning agents, paints, pesticides, batteries, fertilizers, and aerosol cans. These
types of materials are not acutely hazardous and would only be used and stored in limited quantities. The
normal routine use of these hazardous materials pursuant to existing regulations would not result in a
significant hazard to people or the environment in the vicinity of the Project. Therefore, operation of the
Project would not result in a significant hazard to the public or to the environment through the routine
transport, use, or disposal of hazardous waste, and impacts would be less than significant. As such, the
proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result
in no new impact.
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b) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset
and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.7-5 through 5.7-7 and was determined
to have a less than significant impact with compliance and/or adherence to Federal, State and local
regulation, goals and policies in the GP.
In compliance with GPU Mitigation Measure HAZ-5, a Phase I Environmental Assessment (Phase I ESA),
included as Appendix F, was completed for the proposed Project to identify recognized environmental
conditions (RECs), including historical recognized environmental conditions (HRECs), and controlled recognized
environmental conditions (CRECs) that may exist at the property. The term “recognized environmental
conditions” means the presence or likely presence of any hazardous substances or petroleum products in, on,
or at a property: (1) due to any release to the environment; (2) under conditions indicative of a release to
the environment; or (3) under conditions that pose a material threat of a future release to the environment.
The Phase I ESA identified the site as having an REC of historical agricultural uses on the site (Appendix F).
As such, a Phase II ESA was prepared to conduct soil and soil gas sampling (included as Appendix G).
According to the Phase II ESA, concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were below residential
screening thresholds and only one arsenic sample was identified, which was less than the upper-bound arsenic
background screening concentration. The Phase II ESA also determined that no volatile organic compound
(VOC) concentrations were reported in the samples (Appendix G).
Construction
As described previously, construction of the proposed Project would involve the limited use and disposal of
hazardous materials. Equipment that would be used in construction of the Project has the potential to release
gas, oils, greases, solvents; and spills of paint and other finishing substances. However, the amount of
hazardous materials on-site would be limited, and construction activities would be required to adhere to all
applicable regulations regarding hazardous materials storage and handling, as well as to implement
construction BMPs (through implementation of a required SWPPP implemented by (RR HYD-1) to prevent a
hazardous materials release and to promptly contain and clean up any spills, which would minimize the
potential for harmful exposures. With compliance to existing laws and regulations, which is mandated by
the City through construction permitting, the Project’s construction-related impacts would be less than
significant.
Operation
As described previously, operation of the proposed 37 residential units includes use of limited hazardous
materials, such as solvents, cleaning agents, paints, pesticides, batteries, fertilizers, and aerosol cans. Normal
routine use of typical residential products pursuant to existing regulations would not result in a significant
hazard to the environment, residents, or workers in the vicinity of the Project. As a result, operation of the
proposed Project would not create a reasonably foreseeable upset and accident condition involving the
release of hazardous materials into the environment, and impacts would be less than significant.
As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project
would result in no new impact.
c) Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter
mile of an existing or proposed school?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.7-7 through 5.7-8 and was determined
to have a less than significant impact with compliance and/or adherence to Federal, State and local
regulation, and goals and policies in the GP. The closest school to the Project site is Tokay Elementary School,
located approximately 100 feet west of the Project site. However, the use, storage, and disposal of
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hazardous materials during construction and operations would be in limited quantities due to the nature of
the Project and would be disposed of in compliance with federal, state, and local regulations, which would
reduce the potential for accidental release into the environment near a school. Further, emissions that would
be generated from construction and operation of the Project were evaluated in the air quality analysis
discussed above, and the emissions generated from the Project would not cause or contribute to an
exceedance of the federal or state air quality standards. Thus, the Project would not emit hazardous or
handle acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste near a school, and impacts would be less than
significant. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and
the Project would result in no new impact
d) Be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to
Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public
or the environment?
No New Impact. The Phase I ESA prepared for the proposed Project conducted a database search to
determine if the Project site or any nearby properties are identified as having hazardous materials
(Appendix F). The Phase I ESA record search determined that the Project site is not on a list of hazardous
materials sites. Further, while some adjoining properties to the north, west, and south have been identified in
the regulatory database, no items of environmental concern were noted in the listings (Appendix F). Thus,
impacts related to hazards from being located on or adjacent to a hazardous materials site would not occur
from implementation of the proposed Project. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impact related
to hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5. As such, the proposed
Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new
impact.
e) For a Project within an airport land use plan, or where such a plan has not been adopted, within
two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the Project result in a safety hazard for
people residing or working in the Project area?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.7-8 through 5.7-9 and was determined
to have a less than significant impact with implementation of GPU goals and policies and compliance with
the mitigation program contained in the City’s Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP).
The proposed Project is not located within an airport land use plan or within two miles of an airport. The
closest airport to the Project site is Ontario International Airport, which is located approximately 8 miles to
the southwest. Further, the Project site is not within the identified Airport Land Use compatibility Plan contours
(Appendix I). Therefore, the proposed Project would not result in an airport-related safety hazard for people
residing or working in the Project area. The Project would have no impact on safety hazards related to
airports. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and
the Project would result in no new impact.
f) Impair implementation of an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.7-9 through 5.7-10 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact with implementation of GPU goals and policies and
compliance with the mitigation program contained in the City’s LHMP.
Construction
The proposed construction activities, including equipment and supply staging and storage, would occur within
the Project site and would not restrict access of emergency vehicles to the Project site or adjacent areas. The
installation of driveways and connections to existing infrastructure systems that would be implemented during
construction of the proposed Project could require the temporary closure of one side or portions of Citrus
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Avenue (i.e., hours or a few days). However, the construction activities would be required to ensure
emergency access in accordance with Section 503 of the CFC (Title 24, California Code of Regulations, Part
9), which would be ensured through the City’s permitting process. The applicant would be required to obtain
an Excavation and Traffic Control Permit Application for Minor Projects which would be ensured during plan
check prior to grading permit. Thus, implementation of the Project through the City’s permitting process would
ensure existing regulations are adhered to and would reduce potential construction related emergency
access impacts to a less than significant level. Thus, impacts related to inadequate emergency access during
construction activities would be less than significant.
Operation
Operation of the proposed Project would not result in a physical interference with an emergency response
evacuation. Direct access to the Project site would primarily be provided from a 35-foot driveway on Citrus
Avenue. In addition, a 21-foot-wide emergency vehicle access driveway is proposed on Tokay Avenue. The
Project is also required to design and construct internal access and provide fire suppression facilities (e.g.,
hydrants and sprinklers) in conformance with the Fontana Municipal Code and the Fire Department prior to
approval to ensure adequate emergency access pursuant to the requirements in Section 503 of the California
Fire Code (Title 24, California Code of Regulations, Part 9) as adopted in Fontana Municipal Code Section
5-425 (RR HAZ-1). As a result, the proposed Project would not impair implementation of or physically
interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan, and impacts would be
less than significant. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR
impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
g) Expose people or structures, either directly or indirectly, to a significant risk of loss, injury or death
involving wildland fires?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.7-10 through 5.7-11 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance of state and local regulations, the Fontana
Municipal Code, LHMP, and the goals and policies of the GP. According to the CAL FIRE Hazard Severity
Zone map, the Project site is not located within a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ) (CAL FIRE,
2025). Additionally, the Project site is located in a developed area and is not adjacent to wildlands.
Implementation of the proposed Project would be required to adhere to the California Fire Code and would
be reviewed by the City’s Building and Safety Division during the permitting process to ensure that the
Project plans meets the general applicable adopted fire protection requirements (RR HAZ-1). Therefore, the
proposed Project would result in a less than significant impact related to exposing people or structures to a
risk of loss, injury or death involving wildland fire. Therefore, the proposed Project is consistent with the
findings contained in the GP EIR, and the Project would result in no new impact.
Conclusion
With regard to the issue area of hazards and hazardous materials, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the
GPU EIR.
3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated in the GPU EIR.
4. Mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR (GPU HAZ-2, HAZ-4 and HAZ-5) would be applied
to the Project. These mitigation measures, detailed below, would ensure impacts related to hazardous
materials are less than significant.
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Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR)
RR GEO-1: California Building Code. The Project will be designed and constructed in accordance with
Fontana Municipal Code Section 5-61, which adopts the CBC and California Residential Code (CRC), which
are based on the International Building Code (IBC). New construction, alteration, or rehabilitation shall
comply with applicable ordinances set forth by the City and/or by the most recent City building and seismic
codes in effect at the time of Project design.
RR HAZ-1: California Fire Code: The Project will be designed and constructed in accordance with Fontana
Municipal Code Section 5-425, which adopts the CFC based on the IFC. New construction, alteration, or
rehabilitation shall comply with applicable ordinances set forth by the City and/or by the Fontana Fire
Protection District at the time of Project design.
RR HYD-1: Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). The Project will be constructed in accordance
with the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) General Permit for Storm Water
Discharges Associated with the Construction and Land Disturbance Activities, Order No 2009- 0009-DWQ
(as amended by 2010-0014-DWQ and 2012-0006-DWQ), NPDES No. CAS000002 (or the latest
approved Construction General Permit). Compliance requires filing a Notice of Intent (NOI); a Risk
Assessment; a Site Map; a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) and associated Best Management
Practices (BMPs); an annual fee; and a signed certification statement.
GPU Goals and Policies
GPU hazards and hazardous materials related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed
Project include the following:
Land Use, Zoning and Urban Design Element
Goal 5: Fontana’s industrial uses are concentrated in a few locations that have easy access to regional
transportation routes.
Policies:
• Fontana’s industrial uses are concentrated in a few locations that have easy access to regional
transportation routes.
• Maintain but do not expand existing heavy industrial land use areas in proximity to one another and to
services for industrial uses.
• Avoid locating small areas of residential uses where they will be surrounded by intensive commercial or
industrial uses.
Infrastructure and Green Systems Element
Goal 8: All residences, businesses, and institutions have a dependable, environmentally safe means to dispose
of solid waste.
Policies:
• Continue to use best practices for environmentally safe collection, transport and disposal of hazardous
wastes.
• Continue to maximize landfill capacity by supporting recycling innovations, such as organic waste
recycling for compost.
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Noise and Safety Element
Goal 1: The City of Fontana protects its sensitive land uses from excessive noise through diligent planning
through 2035.
Policies:
• New sensitive land uses shall be prohibited in incompatible areas.
• Noise-tolerant land uses shall be guided into areas irrevocably committed to land uses that are noise -
producing, such as transportation corridors.
• Where sensitive uses are to be placed along transportation routes, mitigation shall be provided to ensure
compliance with state mandated noise levels.
• Noise spillover or encroachment from commercial, industrial and educational land uses shall be minimized
into adjoining residential neighborhoods or noise-sensitive uses.
Goal 7: Threats to public and private property from urban and wildland fire hazards are reduced in
Fontana.
Policies:
• The City shall continue to require residential, commercial, and industrial structures to implement fire
hazard-reducing designs and features.
• The City shall continue to ensure to the extent possible that fire services, such as fire equipment,
infrastructure, and response times, are adequate for all sections of the city.
• The City shall monitor development or redevelopment in areas where fire zones have been mapped
through the city.
Goal 8: The potential for hazardous contamination is reduced in the city of Fontana.
Policy: The City shall strive to reduce the potential for residents, workers, and visitors to Fontana being
exposed to hazardous materials and wastes.
Goal 9: The City maintains regulations, plans, protocols and emergency training to reduce hazards and risks
and to meet state and federal requirements for emergency assistance.
Policies:
• Keep hazard-mitigation and emergency services programs up to date.
• Continue to provide hazard and risk mitigation and emergency training to public employees and the
public at large.
Public and Community Services Department Element
Goal 2: Fontana’s Fire Department meets or exceeds state and national benchmarks for protection and
responsiveness.
• Policy: Continue the City’s successful partnership with the San Bernardino County Fire Department.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure HAZ-2: The City shall assure the continued response and capability of the San
Bernardino County Fire Department/Fontana Fire Protection District to handle hazardous materials incidents
in the City and along the sections of freeways that extend across the City.
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GPU EIR Mitigation Measure HAZ-4: The City shall identify roadways along which hazardous materials are
routinely transported. If essential facilities, such as schools, hospitals, childcare centers or other facilities with
special evacuation needs are located along these routes, identify emergency response plans that these
facilities can implement in the event of an unauthorized release of hazardous materials in their area.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure HAZ-5: A Phase I Site Assessment shall be prepared in accordance with
American Society of Testing and Materials Standards and Standards for Practice for All Appropriate
Inquiries prior to issuance of a Grading Permit for future development. The Phase I Environmental Site
Assessment shall investigate the potential for site contamination, and will identify Specific Recognized
Environmental Conditions (i.e., asbestos containing materials, lead-based paints, polychlorinated biphenyls,
etc.) that may require remedial activities prior to land acquisition or construction.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure HAZ-5 has been satisfied through a report that was prepared pursuant to these
requirements. The report is included as Appendix F.
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5.10. HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY
Would the Project:
Project
Peculiar
Impact that is
not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
a) Violate any water quality standards or
waste discharge requirements or otherwise
substantially degrade surface or ground
water quality?
b) Substantially decrease groundwater
supplies or interfere substantially with
groundwater recharge such that the Project
may impede sustainable groundwater
management of the basin?
c) Substantially alter the existing drainage
pattern of the site or area, including
through the alteration of the course of a
stream or river or through the addition of
impervious surfaces, in a manner which
would:
i) result in substantial erosion or siltation
on- or off-site;
ii) substantially increase the rate or
amount of surface runoff in a manner
which would result in flooding on- or off-
site;
iii) create or contribute runoff water
which would exceed the capacity of
existing or planned stormwater
drainage systems or provide substantial
additional sources of polluted runoff; or
iv) impede or redirect flood flows?
d) In flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche
zones, risk release of pollutants due to
Project inundation?
e) Conflict with or obstruct implementation
of a water quality control plan or
sustainable groundwater management
plan?
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Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to hydrology and water quality on pages 5.8-1 through 5.8-12. The
GPU EIR determined impacts would be less than significant with compliance of state and city regulations and
implementation of goals and policies of the GP.
Project-Specific Impacts
This section is based on the following report:
• Preliminary Water Quality Management Plan, May 2026, by United Civil Inc. (United Civil Inc, 2026),
and included as Appendix H.
a) Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements or otherwise substantially
degrade surface or groundwater quality?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.8-10 and was determined to have a
less than significant impact with compliance of state and City regulations as well as implementation of goals
and policies of the GP.
Construction
Construction of the Project would require grading and excavation of soils, which would loosen sediment, and
then have the potential to mix with surface water runoff and degrade water quality. Pollutants of concern
during Project construction include sediments, trash, petroleum products, concrete waste (dry and wet),
sanitary waste, and chemicals. During construction activities, excavated soil would be exposed, and there
would be an increased potential for soil erosion and transport of sediment downstream compared to existing
conditions. During a storm event, soil erosion could occur at an accelerated rate. In addition, construction -
related pollutants, such as chemicals, liquid, and petroleum products (e.g., paints, solvents, and fuels), and
concrete-related waste, could be spilled, leaked, or transported via stormwater runoff into adjacent
drainages and into downstream receiving waters.
However, the proposed Project would be required to comply with the NPDES construction regulations and
the SWRCB General Permit No. CAS000002, SWRCB Order Number 2009-0009-DWQ, that requires
development and implementation of a SWPPP. As part of the SWPPP, erosion and sediment control measures
would be included to minimize potential pollutants from entering stormwater during Project construction. In
addition, The SWPPP is required during the City’s plan check and permitting process. The SWPPP would
include construction BMPs such as:
• Prompt revegetation of proposed landscaped/grassed swale areas;
• Perimeter gravel bags or silt fences to prevent off-site transport of sediment;
• Storm drain inlet protection (filter fabric gravel bags and straw wattles), with gravel bag check dams
within paved roadways;
• Regular sprinkling of exposed soils to control dust during construction and soil binders for forecasted
windstorms;
• Specifications for construction waste handling and disposal;
• Contained equipment wash-out and vehicle maintenance areas;
• Erosion control measures including soil binders, hydro mulch, geotextiles, and hydro seeding of disturbed
areas ahead of forecasted storms;
• Construction of stabilized construction entry/exits to prevent trucks from tracking sediment on City
roadways;
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• Construction timing to minimize soil exposure to storm events; and
• Training of subcontractors on general site housekeeping
With adherence to the existing requirements and implementation of the appropriate BMPs as ensured
through the City’s construction permitting process would ensure that the Project would not violate any water
quality standards or waste discharge requirements, potential water quality degradation associated with
construction activities would be minimized, and impacts would be less than significant.
Operation
The proposed Project involves the operation of residential uses, which could introduce pollutants such as
chemicals from household cleaners, pesticides, sediment from landscaping, trash and debris, and oil and
grease from vehicles. These pollutants have the potential to discharge into surface waters and degrade
water quality.
However, consistent with RR HYD-2, the Project would be required to prepare and implement a Water
Quality Management Plan (WQMP) incorporating post-construction (permanent) Low Impact Development
(LID) site design, source control, and treatment control Best Management Practices (BMPs). The LID design
would minimize impervious surfaces and promote infiltration of runoff into landscaped areas.
Source control BMPs would minimize pollutant generation at the source, while treatment control BMPs would
remove pollutants from stormwater runoff prior to discharge. The proposed landscaped areas would include
planting media designed to retain and filter runoff on-site, further enhancing infiltration. In addition, as
described in Section 3.0, Project Description, a detention basin would be constructed in the southwest portion
of the site. Stormwater runoff would be directed to this basin for treatment to remove sediments, nutrients,
heavy metals, oxygen-demanding substances, oil and grease, bacteria, and pesticides before discharge to
underground infiltration chambers. Any overflow would be conveyed to Tokay Avenue through the proposed
three-foot parkway drain.
Implementation of the source and treatment control BMPs identified in the Preliminary WQMP (Appendix H),
which will be reviewed and approved by the City as part of the permitting process, would reduce potential
pollutants to the maximum extent feasible. Therefore, the Project would not substantially degrade water
quality and would remain consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. No new impacts related to water
quality standards or waste discharge requirements would occur.
b) Substantially decrease groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge
such that the Project may impede sustainable groundwater management of the basin?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.8-10 and was determined to have a
less than significant impact.
Groundwater recharge is facilitated by percolation of stormwater through pervious surface areas to
groundwater resources. Increasing the imperviousness of an area could interfere with groundwater recharge
capabilities of an area. As described in the WQMP, the Project site in the existing condition is 0 percent
impervious while the proposed Project condition would be 65 percent impervious (Appendix H). Therefore,
the proposed Project would result in an increase of impervious surface compared to the existing conditions.
As described previously, the Project would include a combination of an on-site infiltration basin and
underground drainage infrastructure to manage stormwater in compliance with applicable municipal
standards. The proposed infiltration basin is proposed in the southwestern portion of the site a designed to
capture and treat stormwater runoff before discharge. In addition, the proposed Project includes
approximately 94,585 SF of landscaped area, which would maximize natural infiltration capacity on-site.
As a result, the proposed Project would not decrease groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with
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groundwater recharge such that the proposed Project may impede sustainable groundwater management
of the basin. Therefore, the Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR and would result
in no new impact on groundwater supplies or recharge.
c) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration
of the course of a stream or river, or substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a
manner which would:
i. Result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site?
No New Impact. The Project site does not contain a stream, river, creek, or other flowing water
body. Thus, impacts related to alteration of the course of a stream or river would not occur.
Construction
Construction of the proposed Project would require grading and excavation of soils, which would
loosen sediment and could result in erosion or siltation. However, as described previously,
construction of the proposed Project requires City approval of a SWPPP prepared by a Qualified
SWPPP Developer pursuant to the City of Fontana Municipal Code Section 23-507. The SWPPP is
required for plan check and approval by the City, prior to provision of permits for the Project, and
would include construction BMPs to reduce erosion or siltation. Typical BMPs for erosion or siltation,
include use of silt fencing, fiber rolls, gravel bags, stabilized construction driveway, and stockpile
management. Adherence to existing requirements and implementation of the required BMPs per the
permitting process would ensure that erosion and siltation associated with construction activities
would be minimized, and impacts would be less than significant.
Operation
During Project operation pervious areas would be landscaped. Thus, implementation of the Project
would not generate soils that could erode. Also, the proposed drainage infrastructure would slow,
and the proposed basin would retain stormwater, which would also limit the potential for erosion or
siltation. The Project is required to implement a Preliminary WQMP pursuant to GPU RR HYD-2
(which has been prepared and is included as Appendix H) that describes how the Project would
infiltrate, evapotranspire, or biotreat/biofilter stormwater. As a result, stormwater runoff and the
potential for erosion and siltation would not increase with implementation of the proposed Project.
Therefore, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and
the Project would result in no new impact.
ii. Substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner that would result in
flooding on- or off-site?
No New Impact. As described in the previous response, the Project site does not contain a stream,
river, creek, or other flowing water body. In addition, the proposed Project would be required to
implement a SWPPP during construction that would implement BMPs, such as the use of silt fencing,
fiber rolls, and gravel bags, that would ensure that runoff would not substantially increase during
construction, and flooding on or off-site would not occur. Impacts would be less than significant.
The proposed Project would increase the paved, impervious area on-site and increase surface runoff
from those areas of the site. However, as described above, the Project would implement an
operational WQMP that would install an on-site storm drain system and an infiltration basin that
would manage and treat stormwater as required by the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control
Board (RWQCB) regulations. As described in Appendix H, methodology consistent with the San
Bernardino Hydrology Manual was used for hydrologic calculations to ensure the proposed
stormwater infrastructure would adequately accommodate the proposed Project. Thus, the Project
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would not substantially increase stormwater runoff, and flooding on or off-site would not occur.
Therefore, the Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR and would result in no
new impact related to flooding on- or off-site. Therefore, the Project is consistent with the findings
contained in the GPU EIR and would result in no new impact related to flooding on- or off-site.
iii. Create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned
stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.8-10 and was determined to
have a less than significant impact. As described in the previous responses, the proposed Project
would be required to implement a SWPPP during construction that would implement BMPs, such as
the use of silt fencing, fiber rolls, and gravel bags, that would ensure that runoff would not
substantially increase during construction, and that pollutants would not discharge from the Project
site, which would reduce potential impacts to drainage systems and water quality to a less than
significant level.
Also, the Project would implement an operational WQMP that would detail the installation of an on-
site storm drain system and an infiltration basin, in compliance with the Santa Ana RWQCB
regulations. Also, as described in Appendix H, methodology consistent with the San Bernardino
Hydrology Manual was used for hydrologic calculations to ensure the proposed stormwater
infrastructure would adequately accommodate the proposed Project. Thus, operation of the
proposed Project would not substantially increase stormwater runoff, and pollutants would be
filtered on-site. Impacts related to drainage systems and polluted runoff would be less than
significant with implementation of the existing requirements, which would be verified during the
permitting process. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU
EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
iv. Impede or redirect flood flows?
No New Impact. According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) the Project site
is located within Zone X, an area of minimal flood hazard, per FEMA FIRM Map 06071C8652H
and GP Figure 4.10-5, Flood Hazard Areas (FEMA, 2025). Thus, the proposed Project would not
impede or redirect flood flows. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained
in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact.
d) In flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones, risk release of pollutants due to Project inundation?
No New Impact. As discussed above, the Project site is located within a FEMA area of minimal flood hazard.
A SWPPP that includes BMPs would be prepared and implemented as part of the Project to ensure pollutants
are contained and would not be released from the Project site during construction (RR HYD-1). Therefore,
implementation of the Project would not risk the release of pollutants due to Project inundation in a flood
hazard zone.
Tsunamis are tidal waves generally caused by earthquakes, sea floor landslides, rock falls, and exploding
volcanic islands. The Project site is approximately 43 linear miles from the Pacific Ocean shoreline. Based on
the inland location of the site, the Project site is not within a tsunami zone.
A seiche is the sloshing of a closed body of water from earthquake shaking. Seiches are of concern relative
to water storage facilities because inundation from a seiche can occur if the wave overflows a containment
wall, such as the wall of a reservoir, water storage tank, dam, or other artificial body of water. The Project
site is not within vicinity of any impounded bodies of water; thus, the Project is not at risk of a seiche. The
nearest body of water is Santa Ana River, which is not a contained body of water with seiche potential.
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Therefore, impacts would be less than significant, and the Project would result in no new impact related to
release of pollutants due to flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones.
e) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater
management plan?
No New Impact. The One Water One Watershed (OWOW) program was developed in effort by the
Santa Ana Watershed Project Authority, a Joint Powers Authority (JPA) mandated to manage water quality
within the Santa Ana River Watershed for multiple beneficial purposes. The OWOW program integrates
water resources management with various disciplines such as land use planning, flood control, and natural
resource management. Through compliance with the applicable NPDES permits, the Project would be
consistent with the OWOW program developed for the region. The Project applicant would be required to
prepare and implement a SWPPP during Project construction to avoid potential construction-related water
quality impacts (RR HYD-1) per the Construction General Permit. The Project applicant would also be
required to prepare and implement a WQMP to treat and capture post-construction stormwater runoff as
part of Project operation per the County’s MS4 NPDES permit (RR HYD-2). Through implementation of the
applicable construction and post-construction permitting requirements, the Project would not conflict with or
obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan. Pursuant to the Sustainable Groundwater
Management Act, each high and medium priority basin, as identified by the California Department of Water
Resources (DWR), is required to have a Groundwater Sustainability Agency (GSA) that will be responsible
for groundwater management and development of a Groundwater Sustainability Plan (GSP). The Project
site overlays the Chino Basin, which is adjudicated and has a Recharge Master Plan in place . As part of
recharge efforts, several flood retention facilities have been modified to increase diversion rates, increase
conservation storage, and subsequently increase the recharge of stormwater and dry-weather runoff.
Identified recharge facilities are located outside of the Project site and would not be impacted by proposed
development.
In addition, the Project would not conflict with the City of Fontana Master Storm Drain Plan which analyzes
the City’s existing and proposed drainage systems to help identify critical short-term and long-term drainage
issues to prioritize capital improvement projects or with the County of San Bernardino Hydrology Manual,
as mentioned previously. Impacts would be less than significant. Therefore, the Project is consistent with the
findings of the GPU EIR and would result in no new impacts related to implementation of a water quality
control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan.
Conclusion
With regard to the issue area of hydrology and water quality, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the
GPU EIR.
3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated in the GPU EIR.
4. No mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR would be required because Project specific impacts
would be less than significant.
Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR)
RR HYD-1: National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). The Project will be constructed in
accordance with the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) General Permit for Storm
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Water Discharges Associated with the Construction and Land Disturbance Activities, Order No 2009- 0009-
DWQ (as amended by 2010-0014-DWQ and 2012-0006-DWQ), NPDES No. CAS000002 (or the latest
approved Construction General Permit). Compliance requires filing a Notice of Intent (NOI); a Risk
Assessment; a Site Map; a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) and associated Best Management
Practices (BMPs); an annual fee; and a signed certification statement.
RR HYD-2 Santa Ana RWQCB MS4 Permit. The Project will be constructed and operated in accordance with
the Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems (MS4) permit under the National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System (NPDES) program. The Santa Ana RWQCB Municipal Stormwater MS4 Permit (Order No.
R8-2010-0036) authorizes discharge of urban runoff for the San Bernardino County Flood Control District,
San Bernardino County and 16 municipal jurisdictions, including the City of Fontana. The MS4 Permit requires
new development and redevelopment projects to adopt a WQMP to:
• Control contaminants into storm drain systems
• Educate the public about stormwater impacts
• Detect and eliminate illicit discharges
• Control runoff from construction sites
• Implement BMPs and site-specific runoff controls and treatments
GPU Goals and Policies/Standards
GPU hydrology and water quality related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project
include the following:
Infrastructure and Green Systems Element
Goal 1: Fontana collaborates with public and private agencies for an integrated and sustainable water
resource management program.
Policy: Support initiatives to provide a long-term supply of the right water for the right use by working with
regional providers and the One Water One Watershed Plan.
Goal 6: Fontana has a stormwater-drainage system that is environmentally and economically sustainable
and compatible with regional One Water One Watershed standards.
Policies:
• Continue to implement the Water Quality Management Plan for stormwater management that
incorporates.
• Low-impact and green- infrastructure standards.
• Promote natural drainage approaches (green infrastructure) and other alternative nonstructural and
structural best practices to manage and treat stormwater.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
None.
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5.11. LAND USE PLANNING
Would the Project:
Project
Peculiar
Impact that is
not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More
Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
a) Physically divide an established
community?
b) Cause a significant environmental impact
due to a conflict with any land use plan,
policy, or regulation adopted for the
purpose of avoiding or mitigating an
environmental effect?
Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
The GPU EIR discussed land use and planning‐related impacts on pages 5.9-1 through 5.9-13 and
determined impacts would be less than significant with adherence to goals and policies in the GP.
Project-Specific Impacts
a) Physically divide an established community?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.9-9 through 5.9-10 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact. The physical division of an established community could
occur if a major road (expressway or freeway, for example) were built through an existing community or
neighborhood, or if a major development was built which was inconsistent with the land uses in the community
such that it divided the community. The environmental effects caused by such a facility or land use could
include lack of, or disruption of, access to services, schools, or shopping areas. It might also include the
creation of blighted buildings or areas due to the division of the community.
The Project site is currently undeveloped and is limited to low grasses and scattered shrubs. The site is infill,
and as such would connect surrounding existing residential neighborhoods. The Project would be consistent
with the land use and zoning designations for the site. In addition, the Project does not involve development
of off-site roadways or other infrastructure that could divide a community. Conversely, existing sidewalks
adjacent to the proposed Project site would be improved for pedestrian circulation. Therefore, consistent
with the findings of the GPU EIR, implementation of the proposed Project would not physically divide an
established community, and the Project would result in no new impact related to dividing an established
community.
b) Cause a significant environmental impact due to a conflict with any land use plan, policy, or
regulation adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.9-11 through 5.9-12 and was
determined to be less than significant. The Project site has an existing GP land use designation of WMXU-
1and a zoning designation of FBC. The WMXU-1 land use designation uses include a variety of medium- to
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high- density residential types, retail and services, office, entertainment, education, civic, and open space.
Pursuant to the City’s Zoning and Development Code Section 30-406, the project site falls within the
Neighborhood District. The Neighborhood District under FBC allows for neighborhood uses such as residential
uses, civic uses and/or public park uses. The proposed Project would include 37 single-family residences,
consisting of 34 market rate units and 3 very low-income affordable units, which would result in a density of
7.0 du/acre. However, as mentioned in Section 5.1, Aesthetics, the Project would be consistent with
affordability requirements under the Density Bonus Law. Pursuant to Gov Code Section 65915, waivers and
concessions for several development standards shall be granted by the City unless certain findings can be
met, and no such circumstances arise here. Therefore, the Project would be consistent with the existing GP
and zoning designation of the Project site. The Project does not involve conflict with any other land use
related policy, as detailed throughout this CEQA Streamline Exemption, and impacts related to conflict with
a policy adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect would not occur.
Therefore, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR, and the Project would
result in no new impact.
Conclusion
With regards to the issue area of land use and planning, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the
GPU EIR.
3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated in the GPU EIR.
4. No mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR would be required because Project specific impacts
would be less than significant.
Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR)
None.
GPU Goals and Policies
GPU Land Use and Planning related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include
the following:
Land Use, Zoning and Urban Design Element
Goal 2: Fontana development patterns support a high quality of life and economic prosperity.
Policy: Recognize and respect that the established design patterns of many of Fontana’s existing
neighborhoods are unique and different from policies for new and future neighborhoods.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
None.
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5.12. MINERAL RESOURCES
Would the Project
Project
Peculiar
Impact that is
not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More
Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
a) Result in the loss of availability of a known
mineral resource that would be of value to
the region and the residents of the state?
b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally
important mineral resource recovery site
delineated on a local general plan, specific
plan, or other land use plan?
Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
The GPU EIR discussed impacts to mineral resources on page 7-10. The GPU EIR determined that impacts
related to mineral resources would not be significant.
Project-Specific Impacts
a) Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region
and the residents of the state?
No New Impact. In order to protect the availability of mineral resources of value, the California Department
of Conservation identifies sites to which continuing access is important to satisfying mineral production needs
of the region and the state. The relative importance of potential mineral resource sites is indicated by
inclusion in one of four Mineral Resource Zones (MRZ):
• MRZ 1: No mineral resources
• MRZ 2: Significant resource area (quality and quantity known)
• MRZ 3: Significant resource area (quality and quantity unknown)
• MRZ 4: No information (applies primarily to high-value ores)
According to the GPU EIR, there are no policies that conflict with the recovery of future mineral resources.
The Project site is also not identified as containing mineral resources. The Project site has a land use
designation of WMXU-1 and is zoned FBC-Neighborhood District, thus the site is not planned to be used for
mineral extraction. Additionally, the Project site is fully surrounded by urban land uses (residential), and the
existing land use is incompatible with mining operations. Therefore, consistent with the findings of the GPU
EIR, the Project would result in no new impact to mineral resources.
b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resource recovery site delineated on
the general plan, specific plan, or other land use plan?
No New Impact. As described previously, the Project site is not located within a delineated resource recovery
site. Therefore, implementation of the Project would not affect the availability of locally important mineral
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resources. According to the GPU EIR, there are no policies or conflicts with the protection of known, or
unearthed, mineral resources within the Project area. As such, consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR, the
Project would not conflict with any plans protecting mineral resources, and the Project would result in no new
impact to mineral resources.
Conclusion
With regards to the issue area of mineral resources, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the
GPU EIR.
3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated in the GPU EIR.
4. No mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR would be required because Project specific impacts
would be less than significant.
Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR)
None.
GPU Goals and Policies
None.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
None
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5.13. NOISE
Would the Project result in:
Project
Peculiar
Impact that is
not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More
Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
a) Generation of a substantial temporary or
permanent increase in ambient noise levels
in the vicinity of the Project in excess of
standards established in the local general
plan or noise ordinance, or applicable
standards of other agencies?
b) Generation of excessive ground borne
vibration or ground borne noise levels?
c) For a Project located within the vicinity of
a private airstrip or an airport land use plan
or, where such a plan has not been adopted,
within two miles of a public airport or public
use airport, would the Project expose
people residing or working in the Project
area to excessive noise levels?
Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
The GPU EIR discussed noise and vibration impacts on pages 5.10-1 through 5.10-10 and determined noise
related impacts would be less than significant with compliance and/or adherence to Federal, State and local
regulation, implementation of goals and policies in the GPU. While the GPU EIR did not identify significant
impacts related to noise, GPU EIR Mitigation Measures NOI-1 and NOI-2 have been included to reduce
impacts of future projects to less than significant. Further, the GPU EIR discussed that noise -related impacts
would be analyzed on a case-by-case basis and appropriate mitigation would be applied as needed.
Project-Specific Impacts
This section was prepared using the following report:
• Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis, prepared September 2025, by LSA, (LSA, 2025) included as
Appendix I.
Existing Noise Levels
As detailed in the Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I), to identify the existing ambient noise
level environment, two long-term (24-hour) noise level measurements were taken at locations near the Project
site. Table N-1 presents a summary of the measured hourly and maximum noise levels and calculated
community noise equivalent level (CNEL) from the long-term noise level measurements. As shown in Table N-
1, hourly noise levels around the Project site are as low as 51.1 dBA Leq during both daytime and nighttime
hours. Figure N-1, Noise Measurement Locations, shows the location of the long-term noise measurements.
Noise Measurement Locations
Figure N-17844-7866 Citrus Avenue Project
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Table N-1: Noise Measurement Locations
Site No. Location
Daytime
Noise
Levels1
(dBA Leq)
Evening
Noise
Levels2
(dBA Leq)
Nighttime
Noise Levels3
(dBA Leq)
Daily Noise
Levels
(dBA CNEL)
LT-1
Near the northwest corner of the project
site, in the tree west of 16015 Malaga
Avenue. Approximately 25 feet from
the Tokay Avenue centerline.
61.3-66.9 61.4-63.3 51.1-60.4 65.8
LT-2
Near the southeast corner of Citrus
Avenue and Harvey Drive, on the first
tree east of Citrus Avenue,
approximately 65 feet from the Citrus
Avenue centerline.
68.0-70.8 67.8-68.3 60.3-68.4 72.7
Source: Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I).
Note: Noise measurements were conducted from August 19 to August 20, 2025, starting at 9:00 a.m.
1 Daytime Noise Levels = noise levels during the hours of 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m.
2 Evening Noise Levels = noise levels during the hours of 7:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m.
3 Nighttime Noise Levels = noise levels during the hours of 10:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m.
CNEL = Community Noise Equivalent Level
dBA = A-weighted decibels
Leq = equivalent continuous sound level
City of Fontana Noise Standards
Section 30-469 of the Fontana Municipal Code regulates operational noise impacts for residential zoning
districts. The performance standards found in Section 30-469 limit the exterior noise level to 65 dBA Leq
during the daytime and nighttime hours, and the interior noise level to 45 dBA Leq during the daytime and
nighttime hours at sensitive receiver locations.
Section 18-63(b)(7) of the Fontana Municipal Code regulates construction noise impacts and limits
construction activities to the hours of 7:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. on weekdays and between the hours of 8:00
a.m. and 5:00 p.m. on Saturdays except in the case of urgent necessity. Construction activities shall be
conducted in such a manner that the maximum noise levels at the affected structures would not exceed those
listed in Table N-2. These standards are included as part of the City of Fontana’s Standard Conditions of
Approval and included in this document in Section 3.6.
Federal Transit Administration (FTA) Manual
Because the City does not have construction noise level limits, construction noise for the Project was assessed
using criteria from the Federal Transit Administration’s (FTA) Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment
Manual (FTA, 2018). Table N-2 presents the FTA’s general assessment daytime construction noise criteria.
Table N-2: Federal Transit Administration Daytime Construction Noise Criteria
Land Use Daytime 1-hour Leq (dBA)
Residential 80
Commercial 85
Industrial 90
Source: Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I).
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FTA Vibration Standards
Vibration standards included in the FTA Manual are used in this analysis for ground-borne vibration impacts
on human annoyance. The criteria for environmental impact from ground-borne vibration and noise are
based on the maximum levels for a single event. Table N-3 provides the criteria for assessing the potential
for interference or annoyance from vibration levels in a building.
Table N-3: Vibration Annoyance Criteria
Land Use Max LV
(VdB)1 Description of Use
Workshop 90 Vibration that is distinctly felt. Appropriate for workshops and similar
areas not as sensitive to vibration.
Office 84 Vibration that can be felt. Appropriate for offices and similar areas not
as sensitive to vibration.
Residential Day 78 Vibration that is barely felt. Adequate for computer equipment and low-
power optical microscopes (up to 20×).
Residential Night
and Operating
Rooms
72
Vibration is not felt, but ground-borne noise may be audible inside quiet
rooms. Suitable for medium-power microscopes (100×) and other
equipment of low sensitivity.
Source: Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I)
Table N-4 lists the potential vibration building damage criteria associated with construction activities, as
suggested in the FTA Manual. FTA guidelines show that a vibration level of up to 0.5 in/sec in peak particle
velocity (PPV) is considered safe for buildings consisting of reinforced concrete, steel, or timber (no plaster),
and would not result in any construction vibration damage.
Table N-4: Vibration Damage Criteria
Building Category PPV (in/sec)
Extremely fragile historic buildings, ruins, ancient monuments 0.08
Fragile buildings 0.10
Historic and some old buildings 0.25
Older residential structures 0.30
New residential structures 0.50
Modern industrial / commercial buildings 0.50
Source: Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I)
a) Generation of substantial temporary or permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity
of the project in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or
applicable standards of other agencies?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.10-4 through 5.10-6 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact.
Construction
Construction of the Project is anticipated to last 16 months and would involve site preparation, grading,
building construction, paving, architectural coatings, and landscape installation. These activities would require
use of heavy equipment that would increase noise levels in the immediate area. The noise from construction
activity would fluctuate depending on the particular type, number, and duration of use of construction
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equipment. Additionally, noise associated with construction of the Project would be temporary in nature and
would cease upon completion of the Project.
Table N-5 below lists typical construction equipment noise levels based on a distance of 50 feet between
the equipment and a noise receptor. As shown, noise levels generated by heavy construction equipment can
range from approximately 55 dBA to 95 dBA when measured at 50 feet.
Table N-5: Typical Construction Equipment Noise Levels
Equipment Description Acoustical Use Factor1
(percent)
Maximum Noise Level (Lmax) at 50
feet2
Auger Drill Rig 20 84
Backhoes 40 80
Compactor (ground) 20 80
Compressor 40 80
Cranes 16 85
Dozers 40 85
Dump Trucks 40 84
Excavators 40 85
Flat Bed Trucks 40 84
Forklift 20 85
Front-end Loaders 40 80
Graders 40 85
Impact Pile Drivers 20 95
Jackhammers 20 85
Paver 50 77
Pickup Truck 40 55
Pneumatic Tools 50 85
Pumps 50 77
Rock Drills 20 85
Rollers 20 85
Scrapers 40 85
Tractors 40 84
Trencher 50 80
Welder 40 73
Note: Noise levels reported in this table are rounded to the nearest whole number
1 Usage factor is the percentage of time during a construction noise operation that a piece of construction equipment is
operating at full power.
2 Maximum noise levels were developed based on Specification 721.560 from the Central Artery/Tunnel program to be
consistent with the City of Boston’s Noise Code for the “Big Dig” project.
Lmax = maximum instantaneous sound level
Source: Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I)
The closest sensitive receptors to the Project site include single-family homes located immediately adjacent
to the Project site boundaries, approximately 5 feet away. Table N-6 below shows the nearest sensitive uses
to the Project site, their distance from the center of construction activities, and composite noise levels expected
during construction.
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Table N-6: Construction Noise Levels at the Nearby Sensitive Receptors
Receptor (Location) Composite Noise Level at
50 feet1 (dBA Leq)
Distance from Center of
Construction Activities
(feet)
Composite Noise Level
(dBA Leq)
Residential (South)
90
170 79
Residential (North) 170 79
Residential (East) 400 72
Residential (West) 360 73
1The composite construction noise level represents the grading phase which is expected to result in the greatest noise level a s
compared to other phases.
dBA = average A-weighted decibels; Leq = equivalent continuous sound level
Source: Noise and Vibration Impact Report (Appendix I)
As shown in Table N-6, it is expected that composite noise levels during construction would reach 79 dBA
Leq at the nearest off-site residential uses to the south of the site during daytime hours. These predicted
noise levels would only occur when all construction equipment is operating simultaneously and, therefore, are
assumed to be conservative in nature. While construction-related short-term noise levels have the potential
to be higher than existing ambient noise levels in the Project area under existing conditions, the noise impacts
would no longer occur once Project construction is completed. Therefore, construction noise impacts would be
considered less than significant and now new impact would occur. However, GPU EIR Mitigation Measure
NOI-2 which includes procedures related to construction hours, construction equipment and staging areas,
has been included to further reduce construction noise. Additionally, the City’s noise-related Standard
Conditions of Approval specify noise-reduction measures that shall be followed during the time of
construction.
In addition, in compliance with Fontana Municipal Code Section 18-63, GPU EIR Mitigation Measure NOI-2,
and Standard Conditions of Approval, construction activities would be limited to the hours of 7:00 a.m. and
6:00 p.m. on weekdays and between the hours of 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. on weekends.
As it relates to off-site uses, construction-related noise impacts would also remain well below the 80 dBA Leq
construction noise level criteria for daytime construction as established by the FTA for residential uses.
Operation
Operational noise generated from the Project would primarily occur from traffic. According to the Noise and
Vibration Impact Report, the Project is estimated to result in an increase of 349 average daily trips (ADT)
which would result in an increase of approximately 0.1 dBA CNEL along Citrus Avenue and an increase of
0.4 dBA CNEL along Tokay Avenue (Appendix I). A noise level increase of less than 1 dBA would not be
perceptible to the human ear; therefore, the traffic noise increase would be less than significant.
Adjacent off-site land uses would be potentially exposed to stationary-source noise impacts from the
proposed on-site heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment. However, the Project would
comply with the City’s exterior daytime and nighttime noise levels pursuant to Fontana Municipal Code
Section 30-469. The most conservative assessment of potential impact would be the residences to the north,
located approximately 25 to 40 feet away from the closest proposed HVAC units. After distance
attenuation, noise generated from on-site HVAC equipment would potentially reach up to a combined noise
level of 57.4 dBA Leq, which would not exceed the City’s exterior daytime (7:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.) and
nighttime (10:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m.) noise standards of 65 dBA Leq, respectively, for residential uses. Further,
noise associated with the on-site HVAC equipment would not exceed the City’s noise standard and impacts
related to stationary noise would be less than significant.
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Therefore, noise impacts from Project-related traffic on off-site sensitive receptors would be less than
significant. As such, the Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR and would result in no new
impacts related to temporary and permanent increase in noise.
b) Generation of excessive ground borne vibration or ground borne noise levels?
No New Impact.
This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.10-6 through 5.10-7 and was determined to have a
less than significant impact with implementation of goals and policies.
Construction
Construction activity can cause varying degrees of ground vibration, depending on the equipment and
methods used, the distance to receptors, and soil type. Construction vibrations are intermittent, localized
intrusions. The use of heavy construction equipment, particularly large bulldozers, and large loaded trucks
hauling materials to or from the site generate construction-period vibration impacts.
The Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I) uses vibration standards in the FTA Manual to analyze
ground-borne vibration impacts on human annoyance. The analysis discusses the level of human annoyance
using vibration levels in VdB and assesses the potential for building damages using vibration levels in PPV
(in/sec). As shown in Table N-3, the threshold at which vibration levels would result in annoyance would be
78 VdB for daytime residential uses. Table N-7 below shows the PPV and VdB values at 25 feet from the
construction vibration source.
Table N-7: Vibration Source Amplitudes for Construction Equipment
Equipment Reference PPV/Lv at 25 ft
PPV (in/sec) Lv (VdB)1
Pile Driver (Impact), Typical 0.644 104
Pile Driver (Sonic), Typical 0.170 93
Vibratory Roller 0.210 94
Hoe Ram 0.089 87
Large Bulldozer2 0.089 87
Caisson Drilling 0.089 87
Loading Trucks2 0.076 86
Jackhammer 0.035 79
Bulldozer 0.003 58
1 RMS vibration velocity in decibels (VdB) is 1 μin/sec.
2 Equipment shown in bold is expected to be used on site.
μin/sec = microinches per second; ft = foot/feet; in/sec = inch/inches per second; LV = velocity in decibels; PPV = peak
particle velocity; VdB = vibration velocity decibels
Source: Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I)
Table N-8 shows the summary of vibration annoyance levels due to construction equipment at each of the
closest receptors. As shown in Table N-8, vibration levels are expected to approach 62 VdB at the closest
residential use to the south, which is below the 78 VdB annoyance threshold for daytime residential uses.
Additionally, since other building structures surrounding the Project site are farther away, they would
experience further reduced vibration.
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Table N-8: Potential Construction Vibration Annoyance Impacts at Nearest Receptor
Receptor (Location) Reference Vibration
Level (VdB) at 25 feet1 Distance (feet)2 Vibration Level (VdB)
Residential (South)
87
170 62
Residential (North) 170 62
Residential (East) 400 51
Residential (West) 370 52
1 The reference vibration level is associated with a large bulldozer which is expected to be representative of the heavy
equipment used during construction.
2 The reference distance is associated with the average condition, identified by the distance from the center of construction
activities to surrounding uses.
Source: Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I)
Table N-9 shows the summary of potential construction damage due to construction equipment at each of
the closest receptors. Based on the information provided in Table N-9, vibration levels are expected to
approach 0.428 PPV in/sec at the surrounding structures which would not exceed the 0.5 PPV in/sec damage
threshold considered safe for residential structures. Thus, no vibration impacts would occur.
Table N-9: Potential Construction Vibration Damage Impacts at Nearest Receptor
Receptor (Location) Reference Vibration
Level (PPV) at 25 feet1 Distance (feet)2 Vibration Level (PPV)
Residential (South)
0.089
6 0.428
Residential (North) 16 0.174
Residential (East) 90 0.013
Residential (West) 110 0.010
1 The reference vibration level is associated with a large bulldozer which is expected to be representative of the heavy
equipment used during construction.
2 The reference distance is associated with the peak condition, identified by the distance from the perimeter of construction
activities to surrounding structures.
Source: Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I)
Additionally, as discussed above, construction activities are regulated by the Fontana Municipal Code, which
limits construction activities between the hours of 7:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. on weekdays and between the
hours of 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. on weekends. Therefore, vibration impacts would not occur during the more
sensitive nighttime hours and construction vibration impacts would be less than significant. No new impact
would occur.
Operation
Once operational, the Project would not be a significant source of groundborne vibration. Groundborne
vibration levels generated from Project-related traffic on the adjacent roadways are unusual for on road
vehicles because the rubber tires and suspension systems of on-road vehicles provide vibration isolation.
Based on a reference vibration level of 0.076 in/sec PPV, structures greater than 20 feet from the roadways
that contain Project trips would experience vibration levels below the most conservative standard of 0.12
in/sec PPV. Therefore, vibration levels generated from project-related traffic on the adjacent roadways
would be less than significant.
c) For a project located within the vicinity of a private airstrip or an airport land use plan or, where
such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would
the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.10-8 and was determined to have a
less than significant impact with implementation of GPU goals and policies.
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The closest airport to the Project site is Ontario International Airport, which is located approximately 8 miles
to the southwest. The proposed Project is not located within the Ontario International Airport land use
compatibility plan or within the 60-65 dBA CNEL noise contour of the airport. Therefore, the consistent with
the findings of the GPU EIR, the proposed Project would not result in airport-related noise impacts to people
residing or working within the Project site. No new impact would occur.
Conclusion
With regards to the issue area of noise, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the
GPU EIR.
3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated in the GPU EIR.
4. Feasible mitigation measures within the GPU EIR (NOI-1 and NOI-2) in addition to the recommendations
provided in the technical study would be applied to the Project. These mitigation measures, detailed
below would reduce Project specific impacts to be less than significant.
Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR)
The Proposed Project would be subject to comply with the City’s Noise Standard Conditions of Approval as
listed below:
The construction contractor will use the following source controls at all times:
f. Construction shall be limited to 7:00 am to 6:00 pm on weekdays, 8:00 am to 5:00 pm on Saturdays,
and no construction on Sundays and Holidays unless it is approved by the building inspector for cases
that are considered urgently necessary as defined in Section 18-63(7) of the Municipal Code.
g. For all noise-producing equipment, use types and models that have the lowest horsepower and the
lowest noise generating potential practical for their intended use.
h. The construction contractor will ensure that all construction equipment, fixed or mobile, is properly
operating (tuned-up) and lubricated, and that mufflers are working adequately.
i. Have only necessary equipment onsite.
j. Use manually-adjustable or ambient-sensitive backup alarms. When working adjacent to residential
use(s), the construction contractor will also use the following path controls, except where not physically
feasible, when necessary:
iv. Install portable noise barriers, including solid structures and noise blankets, between the active noise
sources and the nearest noise receivers.
v. Temporarily enclose localized and stationary noise sources.
vi. Store and maintain equipment, building materials, and waste materials as far as practical from as
many sensitive receivers as practical.
GPU Goals and Policies
GPU noise related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following:
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Noise and Safety Element
Goal 1: The City of Fontana protects its sensitive land uses from excessive noise through diligent planning
through 2016.
Policies:
• New sensitive land uses shall be prohibited in incompatible areas.
• Noise-tolerant land uses shall be guided into areas irrevocably committed to land uses that are noise -
producing, such as transportation corridors.
Goal 3: The City of Fontana’s residents are protected from the negative effects of “spill over” noise.
• Policy: Residential land uses and areas identified as noise sensitive shall be protected from excessive
noise from non-transportation sources including industrial, commercial, and residential activities and
equipment.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure NOI-1: Prior to issuance of a grading permit, a developer shall contract for a
site-specific noise study for the parcel. The noise study shall be performed by an acoustic consultant
experienced in such studies and the consultant's qualifications and methodology to be used in the study must
be presented to City staff for consideration. The site-specific acoustic study shall specifically identify
potential noise impacts upon any proposed sensitive uses (addressing GP buildout conditions), as well as
potential Project impacts upon off-site sensitive uses due to construction, stationary and mobile noise sources.
Mitigation for mobile noise impacts, where identified as significant, shall consider facility siting and truck
routes such that Project related truck traffic utilizes existing established truck routes. Mitigation shall be
required if noise levels exceed 65 dBA, as identified in Section 30-182 [30-469] of the City’s Municipal
Code.
Satisfied by the Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis prepared by LSA, September 2025, which is included as
Appendix I.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure NOI-2: To reduce impacts related to heavy construction equipment moving
and operating on site during Project construction, grading, demolition, and paving prior to issuance of
grading permits, the applicant shall ensure that the following procedures are followed:
• Construction equipment, fixed or mobile, shall be properly outfitted and maintained with feasible noise-
reduction devices to minimize construction generated noise.
• Laydown and construction vehicle staging areas shall be located away from noise sensitive land uses if
feasible.
• Stationary noise sources such as generators shall be located away from noise sensitive land uses, if
feasible.
Construction hours, allowable workdays, and the phone number of the job superintendent shall be clearly
posted at all construction entrances to allow surrounding property owners to contact the job superintendent
24 hours a day to report noise and other nuisance-related issues, if necessary. The point of contact shall be
available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and have authority to commit additional assets to control dust
after hours, on weekends, and on holidays. In the event that the City of Fontana receives a pattern of noise
complaints, appropriate corrective actions shall be implemented, such as on site noise monitoring during
construction activities, and a report of the action shall be provided to the reporting party.
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5.14. POPULATION AND HOUSING
Would the Project:
Project
Peculiar
Impact that is
not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More
Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
a) Induce substantial unplanned population
growth in an area, either directly (for
example, by proposing new homes and
businesses) or indirectly (for example,
through extension of roads or other
infrastructure)?
b) Displace substantial numbers of existing
people or housing, necessitating the
construction of replacement housing
elsewhere?
Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
The GPU EIR discussed impacts to population and housing on pages 5.11-1 through 5.11-7 and determined
impacts would be less than significant with implementation of the goals and policies in the GPU. The GPU
EIR describes that the GPU includes policies to promote the development of housing appropriate for suburban
areas served by adequate infrastructure and services and determined that development would result in
population increases that are consistent with regional growth projections. Furthermore, the EIR determined
that implementation of the GPU would not result in the displacement of people and/or housing.
Project-Specific Impacts
a) Induce substantial unplanned population growth in an area, either directly or indirectly?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.11-2 through 5.11-6 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact with the implementation of the goals and policies in the
GP.
The California Department of Finance (CDOF) data details that the City of Fontana had a residential
population of 219,172 as of January 2025 (California Department of Finance, 2025). Based on the average
household size of 3.73 persons per household, the proposed 37 residential units would result in an increase
of approximately 138 new residents.
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Based on SCAG Connect SoCal methodology, the City of Fontana had a population of 207,900 persons in
2019 and estimates that the City’s population will increase to 208,904 in 20501, which is a 0.5 percent
increase (Southern California Association of Governments, 2024). SCAG also estimates that between 2019
and 2050, the number of housing units in the City will increase from 53,700 to 75,900 which is a 29.2
percent increase. The addition of 138 new residents would represent a population increase of 13.7 percent
and the new housing units would result in a less than one percent increase in residential units within the City.
Since the Project would be consistent with the General Plan’s allowed uses, the Project is consistent with
SCAG’s anticipated growth. Therefore, the Project would not result in unplanned growth and impacts would
be less than significant.
Additionally, the proposed Project is in an urbanized residential area of the City that is already served by
existing roadways and infrastructure systems. As mentioned previously, the Project would improve the
adjacent sidewalks to the proposed Project. However, no other infrastructure would be extended to serve
areas beyond the Project site, and indirect impacts related to growth would not occur from implementation
of the proposed Project. Therefore, no new impacts related to inducement of unplanned population growth,
either directly or indirectly, would occur and the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU
EIR.
b) Displace substantial numbers of existing people housing, necessitating the construction of
replacement housing elsewhere?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.11-6 and was determined to have no
significant impact. The Project would develop 37 residential units on the Project site, which is currently
undeveloped. No people or housing would be displaced by implementation of the proposed Project.
Conversely, housing would be developed by the Project. Thus, the Project would not necessitate the
construction of replacement housing elsewhere, and no new impacts would occur. As such, the proposed
Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR.
Conclusion
With regards to the issue area of population and housing, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the
GPU EIR.
3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated in the GPU EIR.
4. No mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR would be required because Project specific impacts
would be less than significant.
Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR).
None.
1 The 2050 population estimate was derived using the methodology presented in Section 4.5 of the SCAG Demographics & Growth
Forecast which states that an estimate of the future City-level population based on Connect SoCal’s household forecast can be
derived using a county-level Population: Housing ratio from TABLE 12 and applying it to the City’s future household growth (Southern
California Association of Governments, 2024)
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GPU Goals and Policies Applicable to the Project
GPU population and housing related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include
the following:
Land Use, Zoning, and Urban Design
Goal 2: Fontana development patterns support a high quality of life and economic prosperity.
Policy:
• Preserve and enhance stable residential neighborhoods.
• Promote interconnected neighborhoods with appropriate transitions between lower intensity and higher-
intensity land uses.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
None.
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5.15. PUBLIC SERVICES
Would the Project result in substantial
adverse physical impacts associated with
the provision of new or physically altered
governmental facilities, need for new or
physically altered governmental facilities,
the construction of which could cause
significant environmental impacts, in order
to maintain acceptable service ratios,
response times or other performance
objectives for any of the public services:
Project
Peculiar
Impact that is
not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
a) Fire protection?
b) Police protection?
c) Schools?
d) Parks?
e) Other public facilities?
Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
The GPU EIR discussed impacts to fire protection services on pages 5.12-4 through 5.12-7 and determined
impacts would be less than significant with implementation of GP goals and policies.
The GPU EIR discussed impacts to police services on pages 5.12-1 through 5.12-4 and determined impacts
would be less than significant with implementation of GP goals and policies.
The GPU EIR discussed impacts to school services on pages 5.12-27 through 5.12-30 and determined impacts
would be less than significant with the payment of school development fees.
The GPU EIR discussed impacts to park services on pages 5.12-30 through 5.12-35 and determined impacts
would be less than significant.
Project-Specific Impacts
a) Fire Protection and Emergency Services
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-4 through 5.12-7 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact. Fontana Fire Protection District (FFPD), which contracts with
the San Bernardino County Fire Department, is the primary provider of fire suppression, pre-hospital
emergency medical care, disaster preparedness coordination, hazard mitigation, and fire prevention
services across 52.4 square miles within the City, including the Project site. There are seven fire stations, an
administrative office, and a fire prevention office serving the city of Fontana.
The closest fire station to the site is San Bernardino County Fire Station No. 78, which is located at 7110
Citrus Avenue, 1.0 miles from the site. In addition, San Bernardino County Fire Station No. 71 is located 2.2
miles from the site at 16980 Arrow Blvd. The proposed Project would develop the site with 37 new
residences. Implementation of the Project would be required to adhere to the California Fire Code, as
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included in the City’s Municipal Code Chapter 15.13 (RR HAZ-1). As part of the Project permitting process,
Project plans would be reviewed by FFPD to ensure that the Project meets fire protection requirements.
Due to the small increase in on-site people that would occur from implementation of the Project, an
incremental increase in demand for fire protection and emergency medical services would occur. However,
the increase in residents on-site would be limited (estimated 138 residents). The Project is consistent with the
GP Land Use and Zoning designations thus the Project would be consistent with the GPU EIR’s evaluation of
anticipated population growth. Further, the additional units allowed under the DBL would not substantiate
an impact. Additionally, the Project would be required to comply with the provisions of Fontana Municipal
Code Chapter 11.11.2, which requires the payment of fire protection fees for new development (RR PS-1).
Payment of fire protection fees would ensure that the Project contributes to fair share funds for the provision
of public service facilities, including fire protection services. Therefore, the proposed Project would not result
in the construction of new or expanded fire stations to maintain acceptable service levels.
Impacts related to fire protection services from the proposed Project would be less than significant and no
new impacts related to fire protection services would occur. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with
the findings of the GPU EIR.
b) Police Protection
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-1 through 5.12-4 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact. The Fontana Police Department (FPD) provides policing
services throughout the City of Fontana. Fontana Police Department has one centrally located station at
17005 Upland Avenue, which is approximately 1.7 roadway miles southeast of the Project site. The FPD is
staffed by 188 full-time sworn officers. According to the CDOF, the City of Fontana had a residential
population of 219,172 as of January 2025 (California Department of Finance, 2025). Thus, there is an
estimated less than one officer per 1,000 residents.
Development of the proposed 37 residential units would result in an incremental increase in demand on law
enforcement services. However, the increase would not be significant when compared to the current demand
levels. As described in Section 5.14, Population and Housing, the residential population of the Project site at
full occupancy would be approximately 138 residents. Given that the Project is consistent with the GP Land
Use and Zoning designations, full buildout of the Project would be consistent with the GPU EIR’s evaluation
of anticipated population growth and the additional units allowed under the DBL would not substantiate an
impact. Further, the Project would be required to comply with the provisions of Fontana Municipal Code
Section 5.8, which requires payment of capital facilities fees for new developments (RR PS-2).
Thus, the increase in police service demands from the Project would not require construction of new or
expanded facilities. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impact related to police protection. As
such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR.
c) School Services
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-27 through 5.12-30 and was
determined that no significant impacts were known at the time. The Project site is located within the Fontana
Unified School District (FUSD). The FUSD currently operates 45 schools, including: 30 elementary schools,
seven middle schools, five high schools, two alternative high schools and one adult school (Fontana Unified
School District, 2025).
The schools that would serve the Project site are Tokay Elementary School located at 7846 Tokay Avenue,
which is 100 feet from the Project site; Almeria Middle School located at 7723 Almeria Avenue, which is 0.4
miles from the Project site; and A.B. Miller High School located at 6821 Oleander Avenue, which is 2.1 miles
from the Project site (Fontana Unified School District, 2025).
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The FUSD utilizes the student generation factors listed in Table PS-1. Using the highest generation factor for
a conservative estimate, the proposed 37 residences could result in approximately 15 new students that
would range in age from elementary through high school.
Table PS-1: Student Generation Factor
School Student Generation Factor
Elementary School (TK-5) 0.1905 students/du
Middle School (6-8) 0.0704 students/du
High School (9-12) 0.1303 students/du
du = dwelling unit
Source: Fontana Unified School District, Developer Fee Justification Study (March 19, 2024)
Additionally, pursuant to Government Code Section 65995 et seq., the need for additional school facilities
is addressed through compliance with school impact fee assessment. Senate Bill 50 (Chapter 407 of Statutes
of 1998) sets forth a state school facilities construction program that includes restrictions on a local
jurisdiction’s ability to condition a project on mitigation of a project’s impacts on school facilities in excess of
fees set forth in the Government Code. These fees are collected by school districts at the time of issuance of
building permits for development projects. Pursuant to SB 50, payment of school impact fees constitutes
complete mitigation under CEQA for Project‐related impacts to school services. Therefore, the Project is
consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR and would result in no new impacts related to school services.
d) Parks
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-34 through 5.12-35 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact. The City of Fontana has over 366 acres of parkland,
including two parks less than a mile away.
The Project would develop 37 new residential units and 0.18-acres (8,004 square feet) of common open
space recreation area on the site for use by residents. As described previously, the Project would result in
approximately 138 residents. Pursuant to Municipal Code 21-81, the Project would be required to dedicate
parkland or pay in lieu fees to meet the needs of the citizens of the community for park land in compliance
with Government Code Section 66477 (also known as the "Quimby Act") (RR REC-1). The City has adopted
a standard of five acres of parkland per 1,000 residents. Based on this standard, the Project would require
0.69 acres of parkland dedication. While the Project would provide approximately 0.18-acres of common
open space including the proposed recreational facilities and community area for use by residents, the
Project would not qualify to take credit for private open space provided because it does not meet the
minimum provision of three acres, as required by the City (Municipal Code Section 21-92). Thus, the Project
would be responsible for paying in lieu fees for the entire demand of 0.69 acres of parkland to contribute
to the maintenance, construction, or expansion of recreational facilities (RR REC-1).
Additionally, the City currently has over 366 acres of parkland, with two parks within one mile of the site
available for use by residents. Therefore, due to the amount of available park space within the vicinity of
the Project site, future residents are not anticipated to increase the use of existing parks and recreation
facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of such parks and facilities would occur. Therefore, with
implementation of proposed recreational amenities and payment of in lieu fees (RR REC-1), impacts would
be less than significant and no new impact would occur. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the
findings of the GPU EIR.
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e) Other Public Facilities
No New Impact. The proposed Project would develop the Project site with 37 residential units within an
area that already contains residential land uses. The additional residences would result in a limited
incremental increase in the need for additional services, such as public libraries and post offices, etc. Because
the Project area is already served by other services and the Project would result in a limited increase in
population, the Project would not result in the need for new or physically altered facilities to provide other
services, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts. Therefore, the Project would
result in no new impacts related to other public facilities. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the
findings of the GPU EIR.
Conclusion
With regards to the issue area of public services, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the
GPU EIR.
3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated in the GPU EIR.
4. No mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR would be required because Project specific impacts
would be less than significant.
Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR)
RR HAZ-1: California Fire Code. The Project will be designed and constructed in accordance with Fontana
Municipal Code Section 5-425, which adopts the CFC based on the IFC. New construction, alteration, or
rehabilitation shall comply with applicable ordinances set forth by the City and/or by the Fontana Fire
Protection District at the time of Project design.
RR PS-1. Pursuant to Municipal Code Section 5-8, owners of all new or expanded development shall pay a
police capital facilities fee.
RR PS-2. Pursuant to Municipal Code Section 11-11-2, owners of all new or expanded development shall
pay a police capital facilities fee.
RR REC-1. Pursuant to Municipal Code Section 21-81, projects are required to dedicate land for a park or
pay a fee in lieu thereof, or a combination of both, at the option of the City except as otherwise provided
in Government Code Section 66477, for the purpose of developing new or rehabilitating existing
neighborhood or community parks and recreational facilities.
GPU Goals and Policies
GPU public services related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the
following:
Public and Community Services Element
Goal 1: Fontana's crime rate continues to be below state and county rates.
Policies:
• Continue the Police Department’s successful community policing programs.
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• Provide appropriate security for new amenities, such as trails and parks.
• Support Police Department needs for staff and technology to keep up with population growth and
contemporary policing methods.
• Promote and enhance use of anti-crime design strategies and programs.
Goal 2: Fontana's Fire Department meets or exceeds state and national benchmarks for protection and
responsiveness.
Policy: Continue the City’s successful partnership with the San Bernardino County Fire Department.
Noise and Safety Element
Goal 4: Seismic injury and loss of life, property damage, and other impacts caused by seismic shaking, fault
rupture, ground failure, earthquake-induced landslides, and other earthquake-induced ground deformation
are minimized in the City of Fontana.
Policy: The City shall ensure to the fullest extent possible that, in the event of a major disaster, essential
structures and facilities remain safe and functional, as required by current law, including hospitals, police
stations, fire stations, emergency operation centers, communication centers, generator s and substations, and
reservoirs.
Goal 7: Threats to public and private property from urban and wildland fire hazards are reduced in the
City of Fontana.
Policies:
• The City shall require residential, commercial, and industrial structures to implement fire hazard-reducing
designs and features.
• The City shall ensure to the extent possible that fire services, such as fire equipment, infrastructure, and
response times are adequate for all sections of the city.
• The City maintains regulations, plans, protocols and emergency training to reduce hazards and risks,
and meet State and Federal requirements for emergency assistance.
• The City shall keep hazard mitigation and emergency services programs up to date.
• The City shall continue to provide hazard and risk mitigation and emergency training to public employees
and the public at large.
Goal 9: The City maintains regulations, plans, protocols and emergency training to reduce hazards and risks,
and meet State and Federal requirements for emergency assistance.
Policy: The City shall keep hazard mitigation and emergency services programs up to date.
Open Space for Outdoor Recreation, Public Health, and Safety
Goal 1: The city of Fontana has no-net-loss policy for public parkland.
Policy:
• Establish legal requirements for replacement, when any city owned park land is listed in the California
Protected Lands database is transferred to other uses, with land of equivalent environmental,
recreational, or aesthetic value.
Goal 2: All Fontana residents live within walking or biking distance of a public park and there are sufficient
public parks to serve all areas of the city.
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Policies:
• Establish park access by walking and biking as a criterion for park location and for design of active
transportation networks.
• Continue to use a minimum standard of 5 acres of public parkland per 1,000 persons.
Goal 3: All public parks are designed and maintained to a high standard.
Policies:
• Promote park designs that can serve multiple constituencies and provide aesthetic benefits.
• Provide sufficient funding to support adequate park maintenance.
Goal 5: Fontana updates the Parks, Recreation and Trails Master Plan at least every 10 years.
Policy: Support a Parks, Recreation, and Trails Master Plan update consistent with the GP in 2018 and
every 10 years thereafter.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
None.
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5.16. RECREATION
Project
Peculiar
Impact that is
not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
a) Would the Project increase the use of
existing neighborhood and regional
parks or other recreational facilities such
that substantial physical deterioration of
the facility would occur or be
accelerated?
b) Does the Project include recreational
facilities or require the construction or
expansion of recreational facilities which
might have an adverse physical effect on
the environment?
Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
The GPU EIR discussed impacts to parks and recreational facilities on pages 5.12-30 through 5.12-37 and
determined impacts would be less than significant. Several GPU Goals and Policies were identified within
this section of the GPU EIR. Additionally, the Project would comply with GPU goals and policies, as well as
the provisions of the Fontana Municipal Code.
Project-Specific Impacts
a) Increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such
that physical deterioration of the facility would be accelerated?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-35 through 5.12-37 and was
determined to have a less than significant impact.
As described previously, the Project is anticipated to result in 138 residents, which could in turn increase
demand for park and recreational facilities. Using the City’s standard of five acres of public parkland per
1,000 persons, the Project would result in a demand for 0.69 acres or 30,056.4 square feet of parkland to
support additional residents. Pursuant to Municipal Code 21-81, the Project would be required to dedicate
parkland or pay in lieu fees to meet the needs of the citizens of the community for park land in compliance
with Government Code Section 66477 (also known as the "Quimby Act") (RR REC-1). While the Project would
provide approximately 0.18-acres (8,004 square feet) of common open space including the proposed
recreational facilities and community area for use by residents, the Project would qualify to take credit for
the private open space because it does not meet the minimum provision of three acres, as required by the
City (Municipal Code Section 21-92). Thus, the Project would be required to pay in lieu fees for the Project’s
entire demand of 0.69 acres to contribute to the construction or expansion of recreational facilities in the
City (RR REC-1).
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Additionally, the City currently has over 366 acres of parkland, with two parks within one mile of the site
available for use by residents. Therefore, due to the amount of available park space within the vicinity of
the Project site, future residents are not anticipated to increase the use of existing parks and recreation
facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of such parks and facilities would occur. Therefore,
impacts would be less than significant, and no new impact would occur. As such, the proposed Project is
consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR.
b) Require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities which might have an adverse
physical effect on the environment?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-34 to 5.12-35 and was determined
to have a less than significant impact. As described above, the Project includes 0.18-acres (8,004 square
feet) of common open space. The Project does not include the construction or expansion of parks beyond the
private on-site 0.18-acre open space area. As described above, the Project would result in the need for
approximately 0.69 acres of parkland to serve the future population. However, the Project would pay in
lieu fees to contribute to the construction or expansion of recreational facilities, consistent with Municipal
Code Section 21-81, (RR REC-1). As a result, impacts would be less than significant, and no new impacts
related to expansion of recreational facilities would occur. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with
the findings of the GPU EIR.
Conclusion
With regards to the issue area of recreation, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the
GPU EIR.
3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated in the GPU EIR.
4. No mitigation measures are contained within the GPU EIR because impacts would be less than significant.
Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR)
RR REC-1. Pursuant to Municipal Code Section 21.21.81, Projects are required to dedicate land for a park
or pay a fee in lieu thereof, or a combination of both, at the option of the City except as otherwise provided
in Government Code Section 66477, for the purpose of developing new or rehabilitating existing
neighborhood or community parks and recreational facilities.
GPU Goals and Policies
GPU recreation resource related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the
following:
Open Space for Outdoor Recreation, Public Health, and Safety
Goal 1: The city of Fontana has no-net-loss policy for public parkland.
Policy:
• Establish legal requirements for replacement, when any city owned park land is listed in the California
Protected Lands database is transferred to other uses, with land of equivalent environmental,
recreational, or aesthetic value.
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Goal 2: All Fontana residents live within walking or biking distance of a public park and there are sufficient
public parks to serve all areas of the city.
Policies:
• Establish park access by walking and biking as a criterion for park location and for design of active
transportation networks.
• Continue to use a minimum standard of 5 acres of public parkland per 1,000 persons.
Goal 3: All public parks are designed and maintained to a high standard.
Policies:
• Promote park designs that can serve multiple constituencies and provide aesthetic benefits.
• Provide sufficient funding to support adequate park maintenance.
Goal 5: Fontana updates the Parks, Recreation and Trails Master Plan at least every 10 years.
• Policy: Support a Parks, Recreation, and Trails Master Plan update consistent with the GP in 2018 and
every 10 years thereafter.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
None.
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5.17. TRANSPORTATION
Would the Project:
Project
Peculiar
Impact that is
not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More
Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
a) Conflict with a program, plan, ordinance
or policy addressing the circulation system,
including transit, roadway, bicycle and
pedestrian facilities?
b) Would the Project conflict or be
inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines section
15064.3, subdivision (b)?
c) Substantially increase hazards due to a
geometric design feature (e.g., sharp curves
or dangerous intersections) or incompatible
uses (e.g., farm equipment)?
d) Result in inadequate emergency access?
Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to transportation and traffic on pages 5.13-1 through 5.13-40. The
GPU EIR determined that impacts would be less than significant with compliance of state and city regulations,
implementation of goals and policies of the GPU and with implementation of Mitigation Measures TRA-1
through TRA-4.
Project-Specific Impacts
This section is based on the following report:
• Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) Screening Analysis, prepared on August 15, 2025, by EPD Solutions, Inc.
(EPD Solutions, Inc., 2025b), included as Appendix J.
a) Conflict with a program, plan, ordinance, or policy addressing the circulation system, including
transit, roadway, bicycle, and pedestrian facilities?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR (pages 5.13-15 through 5.13-34 and 5.13-37)
and was determined to be less than significant with implementation of Mitigation Measure TRA-1. The
measure requires roadway modifications along Citrus Avenue between Foothill Boulevard and Arrow
Boulevard, including the installation of missing sidewalks, addition of Class II bicycle lanes consistent with the
City’s Active Transportation Plan (ATP), and implementation of traffic calming measures as necessary to
maintain traffic volumes appropriate for the roadway’s designation as a Secondary Highway. The measure
also allows for removal of on-street parking and construction of raised medians to enhance vehicular
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capacity. Funding for these improvements would be provided through the City’s Development Impact Fee
(DIF) program, which is paid by new development as it occurs within the City.
The proposed Project involves the construction of 37 single-family residential units. Vehicular access to the
proposed Project would be provided via Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue. The main driveway to the Project
site would be from a proposed 35-foot-wide access driveway on Citrus Avenue along the eastern portion
of the Project site. In addition, the Project would include a 26-foot-wide gated driveway for emergency
vehicle access along Tokay Avenue. Vehicular traffic to and from the Project site would utilize the existing
network of regional and local roadways that currently serve the Project area. The proposed Project would
construct internal roadways that would provide connection to and from proposed residences to adjacent
areas. In addition, final design plans would be subject to review and approval by the City’s Planning
Department prior to the issuance of building permits.
As such, the proposed Project would not introduce any new roadways or land uses that would interfere with
adopted plans, programs, ordinances, or policies regarding roadway facilities therefore impacts would be
less than significant impact. The Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR and would have no new
impact.
Alternative Transportation
The proposed Project would include improvements to the existing sidewalks along the Project site frontage
on Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue. According to Figure 5.13-1, Existing Transportation Network, of the
GPU EIR, a Class III bike route exists approximately 0.5 linear miles east of the Project site at Juniper Avenue.
In addition, the portion of Citrus Avenue adjacent to the Project site is a planned Class II bike route.
Implementation of the proposed Project would not alter or conflict with existing or planned bike lanes or
bicycle transportation, including the ultimate buildout of Citrus Avenue as a Class II bike lane. Full buildout
of Citrus Avenue would include striping for on street bicycle lanes, which would be reviewed and approved
by the City of Fontana Engineering Department. The Fontana Metrolink Station is located approximately 2
roadway miles southeast of the Project site. Additionally, Omnitrans Bus Routes 67 and 10 exist along Citrus
Avenue. The proposed Project would not disrupt service of the Metrolink Line nor Omnitrans existing Bus
Routes. Therefore, the proposed Project would not conflict with alternative transportation and Project impacts
to transit, bicycle, and pedestrian facilities would be less than significant. As such, there would be no new
impacts.
b) Would the project conflict or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines section 15064.3, subdivision
(b)?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.13-34 and was determined to have a
less than significant impact with compliance of state and city regulations.
Senate Bill (SB) 743 was signed by Governor Brown in 2013 and required the Governor’s Office of Planning
and Research (OPR) to amend the CEQA Guidelines to provide an alternative to LOS for evaluating
transportation impacts. SB 743 specified that the new criteria should promote the reduction of GHGs, the
development of multimodal transportation networks, and a diversity of land uses. In response, Section
15064.3 was added to the CEQA Guidelines beginning January 1, 2019, and states that the provisions of
the section shall apply statewide beginning on July 1, 2020. CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.3 –
Determining the Significance of Transportation Impacts states that vehicle miles traveled (VMT) is the most
appropriate measure of transportation impacts and provides lead agencies with the discretion to choose the
most appropriate methodology and thresholds for evaluating VMT.
Based on OPR’s Technical Advisory and its specific procedures for complying with the new CEQA
requirements for VMT analysis, the City of Fontana has developed and adopted their own VMT
methodologies and thresholds (Section 12.2, City Traffic Impact Analysis Guidelines). The City Guidelines
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describe specific “screening thresholds” that can be used to identify when a proposed land use project is
anticipated to result in a less than significant impact without conducting a more detailed project level VMT
analysis. Consistent with City Guidelines, a land use project needs only to satisfy one of the following four
screening thresholds to result in a less than significant impact. Consistent with GPU EIR Mitigation Measure
TRA-3, a VMT Screening Analysis was prepared by EPD Solutions Inc., in August 2025. Project consistency
with screening thresholds is described below.
1. Transit Priority Area (TPA) Screening: City Guidelines state that projects located within a TPA (i.e.
within one-half mile of an existing “major transit stop” or an existing stop along a “high-quality transit
corridor”) may be presumed to have a less than significant impact. The Project site is not located within
a TPA, thus this screening criteria is not met.
2. Low VMT Area Screening: City Guidelines state that projects located in an already low VMT generating
traffic analysis zone (TAZ) may be presumed to have a less than significant VMT impact. TAZs that
generate a VMT per service population (SP) that is 15 percent below the County of San Bernardino
Baseline VMT per SP (33.3 VMT per SP) are considered low VMT.
3. The Project is located in TAZ 53716201 and was found to have a VMT per service population of 28.6.
Given that the VMT/ Service Population would not exceed the threshold of 33.6 VMT per SP, the Project
would meet screening criteria. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant.
4. Project Type Screening: City Guidelines identify local serving retail with buildings less than 50,000
square feet or other local serving essential services as having a less than significant VMT impact. The
proposed Project would not develop any local serving retail or essential land use services. Thus, this
screening criteria is not met.
5. Low Trip Generating Uses Screening: City Guidelines state that land use projects which would generate
fewer than 500 average daily trips (ADT) would not cause a substantial increase in the total citywide
or regional VMT and would have a less than significant impact on VMT.
Table T-1: Project Trip Generation
Land Use Dwelling
Units Daily AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour
In Out Total In Out Total
Trip Rate
210 Single-Family Detached
Housing¹
9.43 0.18 0.52 0.70 0.59 0.35 0.94
Project Trip Generation
Single-Family Detached Housing¹ 37 349 7 19 26 22 13 35
Total Project Trip Generation 349 7 19 26 22 13 35
Source: VMT Screening Memo (Appendix J)
¹Institute of Transportation Engineers, Trip Generation, 11th Edition, 2021. Land Use Code 210 - Single-Family Detached Housing
(Average Rate)
As shown in Table T-1, the proposed Project would generate 349 daily trips. Because the Project would
generate less than 500 ADT, the proposed Project would meet Low Trip Generating Uses Screening criteria
and would have a less than significant impact. Because the proposed Project would meet screening criteria,
impacts related to the Project conflicting with CEQA Guidelines section 15064.3 would be less than
significant. As such, no new impacts would occur.
c) Substantially increase hazards due to a design feature (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous
intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment)?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.13-36-5.13-37 and was determined
to have a less than significant impact.
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Construction
The Project proposes development of the site in one phase lasting approximately 26 months. During
construction, worker vehicles, haul trucks, and vendor trucks would be staged on the portion of the Project
site under construction for the duration of the construction period. As part of the grading plan and building
plan review processes, City permits including, but not limited to public improvement plan permits, including
necessary ROW encroachment permits and building permits with necessary phasing and staging plans would
be required to facilitate the passage of persons and vehicles through/around any required road closures
and to properly route heavy-duty construction vehicles entering and leaving the site (as applicable). As a
result, impacts related to vehicular circulation design features and incompatible uses during construction of
the proposed Project would be less than significant.
Operation
Vehicular access to the Project site would be provided via ingress and egress driveways from Citrus Avenue
and Tokay Avenue. The main driveway to the Project site would be from a proposed 35-foot-wide access
driveway on Citrus Avenue along the eastern portion of the Project site. In addition, the Project would include
a 26-foot-wide gated driveway for emergency vehicle access along Tokay Avenue. Vehicular traffic to and
from the Project site would utilize the existing network of regional and local roadways that currently serve
the Project area.
The proposed Project would not introduce any new roadways or introduce a land use that would conflict
with existing urban land uses in the surrounding area. Design of the proposed Project, including the internal
private roadway, ingress, egress, and other streetscape changes are subject to the City’s development
standards. The proposed Project has also been designed to ensure fire engine accessibility and that turn
around area is provided to the California Fire Code standards. On-site traffic signing and striping would
also be implemented in conjunction with detailed construction plans. Additionally, sight distance at the
Project’s access points would be reviewed with respect to City standards at the time of final grading,
landscape, and street improvement plan reviews. Additionally, Project frontage improvements and site
access points would be constructed to be consistent with the identified roadway classifications and respective
cross-sections in accordance with the City of Fontana GPU Community Mobility and Circulation Element.
Compliance with existing regulations would be ensured through the City’s construction permitting process.
As such, impacts related to vehicular circulation design features would be less than significant, and no new
impacts would occur. Therefore, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR.
d) Result in inadequate emergency access?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.13-37 and was determined to have a
less than significant impact.
Construction
As described above, the proposed construction activities, including equipment and supply staging and
storage, would occur within the Project site and would not restrict access of emergency vehicles to the Project
site or adjacent areas. The installation of driveways and connections to existing infrastructure systems that
would be implemented during construction of the proposed Project could require the temporary closure of
one side or portions of Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue for a short period of time (i.e., hours or a few days).
However, the construction activities would be required to ensure emergency access in accordance with Section
503 of the California Fire Code (Title 24, California Code of Regulations, Part 9), which would be ensured
through the City’s permitting process and RR HAZ-1. Thus, implementation of the proposed Project through
the City’s permitting process would ensure existing regulations are adhered to and would reduce potential
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construction-related emergency access impacts to a less than significant level. As such, there would be no
new impacts related to emergency access during construction.
Operation
As described previously, vehicle access to the proposed Project would be provided via ingress and egress
driveways from Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue. The construction permitting process would provide
adequate and safe circulation to, from, and through the Project area, and would provide routes for
emergency responders to access different portions of the Project site. The Fire Department and the Public
Works Department would review the development plans as part of the permitting procedures to ensure
adequate emergency access pursuant to the requirements in Section 503 of the California Fire Code (Title
24, California Code of Regulations, Part 9), included as Municipal Code Section 5-425 and as ensured
through RR HAZ-1. Because the proposed Project is required to comply with all applicable City codes, as
verified by the City’s permitting process, potential impacts related to inadequate emergency access would
be less than significant and would result in no new impacts to emergency access during operation. Therefore,
the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR.
Conclusion
With regard to the issue area of transportation, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the
GPU EIR.
3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated in the GPU EIR.
4. No new Mitigation Measures would be required. Project specific impacts would be less than significant.
Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR)
RR HAZ-1: California Fire Code: As listed previously in Section 5.9, Hazards and Hazardous Materials.
GPU Goals and Policies
GPU transportation and traffic related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include
the following:
Community Mobility and Circulation Element
Goal 1: The City of Fontana has a comprehensive and balanced transportation system, with safety and
multimodal accessibility the top priority of citywide transportation planning, as well as accommodating
freight movement.
Policies:
• Provide roadways that serve the needs of Fontana residents and commerce, and that facilitate safe and
convenient access to transit, bicycle facilities, and walkways.
• Make land use decisions that support walking, bicycling, and public transit use, in alignment with the
2016-2040 RTP-SCS.
Goal 3: Local transit within the City of Fontana is a viable choice for residents, easily accessible, and serving
destinations throughout the City.
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Policies:
• Maximize the accessibility, safety, convenience, and appeal of transit service and transit stops.
• Promote concentrated development patterns in coordination with transit planning to maximize service
efficiency and ridership.
Goal 4: The neighborhood streets of Fontana maintain a residential character and support a range of
transportation options.
Policies:
• Balance neighborhood traffic circulation needs with the goal of creating walkable and bike-friendly
neighborhoods.
• Develop and implement Best Practice Street Design standards for new residential street development
projects.
Goal 7: The City of Fontana participates in shaping regional transportation policies to reduce traffic
congestion, pollution, and GHG emissions.
Policies:
• Participate in the efforts of the SCAG to coordinate transportation planning and services that support
GHG reductions.
• Participate in the efforts by Caltrans to reduce congestion and improve traffic flow on area freeways.
GP EIR Mitigation Measures
The GPU EIR mitigation measures that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following:
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure TRA-1: To mitigate the impact of additional traffic volumes on the segment of
Citrus Avenue between Foothill Boulevard and Arrow Boulevard, roadway modifications to provide
sidewalks where currently missing, the addition of Class II bicycle lanes in accordance with the City’s ATP,
and additional traffic calming measures as necessary to reduce traffic volumes to a level appropriate for
the roadway’s designation as a Secondary Highway will be constructed. Additionally, the roadway could
be modified by removing on-street parking and constructing raised medians to increase the roadway’s
vehicular capacity.
The City utilizes a DIF, paid by new development as it occurs in the City, to fund projects such as this one.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure TRA-2: Prior to the issuance of building permits, the Project applicant shall
participate in the City of Fontana's Development Impact Fee (DIF) program by paying the requisite DIF fee
at the time of the building permit.
The Measure I fee program relies upon local jurisdictions to implement mitigation programs by collecting
fees for regional improvements; however, the San Bernardino County Transportation Authority (SBCTA) does
not dictate how individual jurisdictions allocate their costs for regional improvements to new development.
Instead, each jurisdiction, including the City of Fontana, is required to develop its own schedule of fees and
implementation programs (often through a capital improvement program (CIP)) that can demonstrate
achievement of contribution levels set in the Nexus Study for each jurisdiction.
The Nexus study is based on having each jurisdiction subject to the Nexus Study fund its share of needed
regional improvements by developing the facilities within its own jurisdiction. The Nexus Study does not rely
on the exchange of impact fees between jurisdictions as a means of mitigating impacts of development
occurring within one jurisdiction on the regional transportation facilities of another jurisdiction. As a result,
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there is no allocation of arterial improvement costs to jurisdictions outside the jurisdiction in which proposed
development project is located. Impacts of development throughout the region addressed in the Nexus Study
are instead mitigated by requiring each jurisdiction to be responsible for needed arterial improvements
within its own jurisdiction, including the share of improvements in traffic generated in other jurisdictions. Thus,
as development occurs within the various jurisdictions subject to Nexus Study fees, all of the regional
improvements included within the Nexus Study throughout the County of San Bernardino will eventually be
built.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure TRA-3: Prior to issuance of a grading permit, applicants for future
development associated with proposed projects shall prepare site-specific traffic studies, to the satisfaction
of the City's Engineering Department. As determined by these subsequent traffic studies, traffic improvements
identified as mitigation measures shall be implemented as a condition of the approved future development
project, either through direct construction by the project applicant and/or through development impact fees.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure TRA-3 has been satisfied through the VMT Screening Analysis prepared by EPD
Solutions Inc., in August 2025. The report is included as Appendix J.
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5.18. TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES
Project
Peculiar
Impact that is
not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More
Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
a) Listed or eligible for listing in the
California Register of Historical Resources, or
in a local register of historical resources as
defined in Public Resources Code section
5020.1(k)?
b) A resource determined by the lead
agency, in its discretion and supported by
substantial evidence, to be significant
pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision (c)
of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1. In
applying the criteria set forth in subdivision
(c) of Public Resource Code Section 5024.1,
the lead agency shall consider the
significance of the resource to a California
Native American tribe?
Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
The GPU EIR discussed impacts to tribal cultural resources on page 5.4-14 through 5.4-16 and determined
impacts would be less than significant with adherence to and/or compliance with the existing regulatory
framework including City COAs, and GPU goals and policies.
Project-Specific Impacts
This section is based on the following report:
• Cultural Resources Study, prepared May 2025 by BFSA Environmental Services (BFSA Environmental
Services, 2025a), and included as Appendix C.
a) Would the Project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource,
defined in Public Resources Code section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape
that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or
object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is Listed or eligible for
listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in a local register of historical resources
as defined in Public Resources Code section 5020.1(k)?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.4-16 and was determined to have no
impact with adherence to and/or compliance with the existing regulatory framework, and GP goals and
policies.
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TCRs are sites, features, places, cultural landscapes, sacred places, and objects with cultural value to a
California Native American tribe that are either eligible or listed in the California Register of Historical
Resources or local register of historical resources (PRC Section 21074). As mentioned previously, a SLF search
was requested from the NAHC. On March 6, 2025, the NAHC responded that the SLF search yielded positive
results for known TCRs or sacred lands within a 1-mile radius of the Project site.
As detailed previously in Section 5.5, Cultural Resources, the Cultural Resources Assessment included a field
survey of the entire property and did not identify any tribal cultural resources on the Project site that are
listed or eligible for listing in the CRHR, or in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public
Resources Code Section 5020.1(k). However, the Project would implement GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-
3 and the City’s Tribal COAs, in the event that Native American cultural resources are uncovered during
ground-disturbing activities. As such, the Project would result in no new impacts to tribal cultural resources
listed or eligible for listing in the CRHR or local register as defined in Public Resources Code section
5020.1(k). Therefore, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR.
b) Would the Project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource,
defined in Public Resources Code section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape
that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or
object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is a resource determined
by the lead agency, in its discretion and supported by substantial evidence, to be significant
pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1. In applying
the criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1, the lead agency
shall consider the significance of the resource to a California Native American tribe.
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.4-16 and was determined to have no
impact with adherence to and/or compliance with the existing regulatory framework including City COAs,
and GPU goals and policies.
Assembly Bill (AB) 52 (Chapter 532, Statutes of 2014) establishes a formal consultation process for
California tribes as part of the CEQA process and equates significant impacts on “tribal cultural resources”
with significant environmental impacts (Public Resources Code [PRC] § 21084.2). AB 52 requires that lead
agencies undertaking CEQA review evaluate, just as they do for other historical and archeological resources,
a project’s potential impact to a tribal cultural resource. In addition, AB 52 requires that lead agencies, upon
request of a California Native American tribe, begin consultation prior to the release of a negative
declaration, mitigated negative declaration, or EIR for a project. AB 52 does not apply to a Notice of
Exemption or Addendum; and therefore, is not required for the Project.
As described previously, the SLF search yielded positive results for known TCRs or sacred lands within a 1 -
mile radius of the Project site. Because AB 52 does not apply to CEQA Streamline Exemptions, no letters
were sent to the identified tribes and tribal contacts. However, the Project would implement GPU EIR
Mitigation Measure CUL-3 and the City’s Tribal COAs, in the event that Native American cultural resources
are uncovered during ground-disturbing activities. Therefore, the Project would not result in new impacts
related to landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe. As
such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR.
Conclusion
With regards to the issue area of tribal cultural resources, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the
GPU EIR.
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3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated in the GPU EIR.
4. Feasible mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR (CUL-1, CUL-2, and CUL-3) would be applied
to the Project. These mitigation measures, detailed below, provide protection for tribal cultural resources
and reduce potential impacts to a less than significant level.
Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR)
The Proposed Project would be subject to comply with the City’s Cultural and Tribal Standard Conditions of
Approval as listed below:
• Upon discovery of any tribal cultural or archaeological resources, cease construction activities in the
immediate vicinity of the find until the find can be assessed. All tribal cultural and archaeological
resources unearthed by Project construction activities shall be evaluated by the qualified archaeologist
and tribal monitor/consultant. If the resources are Native American in origin, interested Tribes (as a result
of correspondence with area Tribes) shall coordinate with the landowner regarding treatment and
curation of these resources. Typically, the Tribe will request preservation in place or recovery for
educational purposes. Work may continue on other parts of the Project while evaluation takes place.
• Preservation in place shall be the preferred manner of treatment. If preservation in place is not feasible,
treatment may include implementation of archaeological data recovery excavation to remove the
resource along the subsequent laboratory processing and analysis. All Tribal Cultural Resources shall be
returned to the Tribe. Any historic archaeological material that is not Native American in origin shall be
curated at a public, non-profit institution with a research interest in the materials, if such an institution
agrees to accept the material. If no institution accepts the archaeological material, they shall be offered
to the Tribe or a local school or historical society in the area for educational purposes.
• Archaeological and Native American monitoring and excavation during construction projects shall be
consistent with current professional standards. All feasible care to avoid any unnecessary disturbance,
physical modification, or separation of human remains and associated funerary objects shall be taken.
Principal personnel shall meet the Secretary of the Interior standards for archaeology and have a
minimum of 10 years’ experience as a principal investigator working with Native American
archaeological sites in southern California. The Qualified Archaeologists shall ensure that all other
personnel are appropriately trained and qualified.+
GPU Goals and Policies
None.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
The GPU EIR mitigation measures that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following:
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-1: A qualified archaeologist shall perform the following tasks, prior to
construction activities within Project boundaries:
• Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for historic resources, a field
survey for historical resources within portions of the Project site not previously surveyed for cultural
resources shall be conducted.
• Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for historic resources, the
San Bernardino County Archives shall be contacted for information on historical property records.
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• Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for sacred land resources,
the Native American Heritage Commission shall be contacted for information regarding sacred lands.
• All historical resources within the Project site, including archaeological and historic resources older than
50 years, shall be inventoried using appropriate State record forms and guidelines followed according
to the California Office of Historic Preservation’s handbook “Instructions for Recording Historical
Resources.” The archaeologist shall then submit two (2) copies of the completed forms to the San
Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for the assignment of trinomials.
• The significance and integrity of all historical resources within the Project site shall be evaluated, using
criteria established in the CEQA Guidelines for important archaeological resources and/or 36 CFR 60.4
for eligibility for listing on the National Register of Historic Places.
• Mitigation measures shall be proposed and conditions of approval (if a local government action)
recommended to eliminate adverse Project effects on significant, important, and unique historical
resources, following appropriate CEQA and/or National Historic Preservation Act's Section 106
guidelines.
• A technical resources management report shall be prepared, documenting the inventory, evaluation, and
proposed mitigation of resources within the Project site, following guidelines for Archaeological Resource
Management Reports prepared by the California Office of Historic Preservation, Preservation Planning
Bulletin 4(a), December 1989. One copy of the completed report, with original illustrations, shall be
submitted to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving.
• If human remains are encountered on the Project site, the San Bernardino County Coroner’s Office shall
be contacted within 24 hours of the find, and all work shall be halted until a clearance is given by that
office and any other involved agencies.
• All resources and data collected within the Project site shall be permanently curated at an appropriate
repository within the County.
A Cultural Resources Assessment has been completed for the Project satisfying the technical study report
requirement of GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-1. The report is included as Appendix C.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-2: If any prehistoric archaeological resources are encountered before or
during grading, the developer shall retain a qualified archaeologist to monitor construction activities and to
take appropriate measures to protect or preserve them for study. With the assistance of the archaeologist,
the City of Fontana shall:
• Enact interim measures to protect undesignated sites from demolition or significant modification without
an opportunity for the City to establish its archaeological value.
• Consider establishing provisions to require incorporation of archaeological sites within new
developments, using their special qualities at a theme or focal point.
• Pursue educating the public about the area's archaeological heritage.
• Proposal mitigation measures and recommend conditions of approval (if a local government action) to
eliminate adverse Project effects on significant, important, and unique prehistoric resources, following
appropriate CEQA guidelines.
• Prepare a technical resources management report, documenting the inventory, evaluation, and proposed
mitigation of resources within the Project area. Submit one copy of the completed report, with original
illustrations, to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-3: Where consistent with applicable local, State and federal law and
deemed appropriate by the City, future site-specific development projects shall consider the following:
• In the event Native American cultural resources are discovered during construction for future
development, all work in the immediate vicinity of the find shall cease and a qualified archaeologist
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meeting Secretary of Interior standards shall be hired to assess the find. Work on the overall Project
may continue during this period;
• Initiate consultation between the appropriate Native American tribal entity (as determined by a
qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) and the City/Project applicant; Transfer
cultural resources investigations to the appropriate Native American entity (as determined by a qualified
archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) as soon as possible;
• Utilize a Native American Monitor from the appropriate Native American entity (as determined by a
qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) where deemed appropriate or
required by the City, during initial ground disturbing activities, cultural resource surveys. and/or cultural
resource excavations.
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5.19. UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS
Would the Project:
Project
Peculiar
Impact that is
not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More
Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
a) Require or result in the relocation or
construction of new or expanded water,
wastewater treatment, or stormwater
drainage, electric power, natural gas, or
telecommunications facilities, the
construction or relocation of which could
cause significant environmental effects?
b) Have sufficient water supplies available
to serve the Project and reasonably
foreseeable future development during
normal, dry and multiple dry years?
c) Result in a determination by the
wastewater treatment provider which serves
or may serve the Project that it has
adequate capacity to serve the Project’s
projected demand in addition to the
provider’s existing commitments?
d) Generate solid waste in excess of State
or local standards or in excess of the
capacity of local infrastructure or otherwise
impair the attainment of solid waste
reduction goals?
e) Comply with federal, state, and local
management and reduction statutes and
regulations related to solid waste?
Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to water supply and infrastructure on pages 5.12 -12 through 5.12-
16 and determined impacts would be less than significant with implementation of GPU goals and policies.
The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to wastewater infrastructure on pages 5.12-17 through 5.12-20 and
determined impacts would be less than significant with implementation of GPU goals and policies.
The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to storm water infrastructure on pages 5.12-23 through 5.12-27 and
determined impacts would be less than significant with implementation of GPU goals and policies.
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The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to solid waste on pages 5.12-20 through 5.12-23 and determined
impacts would be less than significant with compliance of the City Municipal Code, environmental review
procedures and GPU goals and policies.
Project-Specific Impacts
a) Require or result in the construction of new or expanded water, wastewater treatment or storm
water drainage, electric power, natural gas, or telecommunications facilities, the construction or
relocation of which could cause significant environmental effects?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-12 through 5.12-20 and 5.12-23
through 5.12-27 and was determined to have a less than significant impact.
Water
The Project site is located within the Fontana Water Company (FWC) service area. The Project would install
6-inch water lines that would be located within each of the residential streets and serve each of the proposed
residences. The new on-site water lines would connect to the existing 12-inch water line within Citrus Avenue.
The new on-site water system would convey water supplies to the proposed residences and landscaping
through plumbing/landscaping fixtures that are compliant with the CALGreen Code for efficient use of
water. Installation of the new water distribution lines would only serve the proposed Project and would not
provide new water supplies to any off-site areas.
The construction activities related to the on-site water infrastructure that would be needed to serve the
proposed Project is included as part of the Project and would not result in any physical environmental effects
beyond those identified throughout this document. For example, analysis of construction emissions from
excavation and installation of the water infrastructure is included in Sections 5.3, Air Quality and 5.8,
Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Therefore, the proposed Project would not result in the construction of new water
facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental
effects, and impacts would be less than significant.
Wastewater
The Project would install 8-inch sewer lines that would be located within each of the residential streets and
serve each of the proposed residences. The new on-site sewer lines would connect to the existing 8-inch
sewer line within Tokay Avenue. The city of Fontana’s sanitary sewer system has over 250 miles of sewer
lines and six sewage pump stations. While Fontana owns the wastewater infrastructure, services for
wastewater collection are supplied by Inland Empire Utilities Authority (IEUA). The city of Fontana is within
the service area of two IUEA’s Regional Plants (RP), RP-1 and RP-4. Both plants have available capacity and
wastewater streams can be manipulated amongst the two plants to a certain extent as demand may require.
The construction activities related to installation of the on-site sewer infrastructure that would serve the
proposed Project are included as part of the proposed Project and would not result in any physical
environmental effects beyond those identified throughout this document. For example, analysis of construction
emissions for excavation and installation of the sewer infrastructure is included in Section 5.3, Air Quality
and 5.8, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, and noise volumes from these activities are evaluated in Section 5.13,
Noise. As the Project includes facilities to serve the proposed development, it would not result in the need
for construction of other new wastewater facilities or expansions, the construction of which could cause
significant environmental effects. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant, and no new impact would
occur.
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Stormwater
As discussed above in Section 5.10, Hydrology and Water Quality, due to the appropriate sizing of the on-
site drainage features and detention basin, verified through the Project permitting process, operation of the
proposed Project would not substantially increase stormwater runoff, and the Project would not require or
result in the construction of new off-site storm water drainage facilities or expansion of existing off-site
facilities.
Electric Power
The Project would connect to the existing Southern California Edison electrical distribution facilities that are
adjacent to the Project site and would not require the construction of new electrical facilities. Adequate
industrial electricity supplies are presently available to meet the incremental increase in demand attributed
to the Project. Provision of electricity to the Project site is not anticipated to require or result in the construction
of new facilities or the expansion of existing facilities, the construction or relocation of which would cause
significant environmental impacts to electricity. No new impacts would occur.
Natural Gas
Southern California Gas Company (SoCal Gas) provides natural gas to the City of Fontana and surrounding
areas. However, the proposed Project would be all electric, therefore no natural gas would be required. As
such, the Project would result in no new impacts related to construction of new or expanded utilities that could
result in significant environmental effects.
Telecommunications
There are two telecommunications providers in the Fontana area, AT&T and Charter Communications, both
of which could adequately provide service to the Project’s incremental increase in demand. Provision of
telecommunication services to the Project site is not anticipated to require or result in the construction of new
facilities or the expansion of existing facilities, the construction or relocation of which could result in significant
environmental effects. As such, no new impacts would occur and the Project is consistent with the findings of
the GPU EIR.
b) Have sufficient water supplies available to serve the Project and reasonably foreseeable future
development during normal, dry, and multiple dry years?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-12 through 5.12-36 and was
determined to be less than significant. As discussed above, FWC would supply water to Project site. FWC
gets its water supplies Lytle Creek surface flow, wells in Lytle basin, Rialto basin, Chino basin, and another
groundwater basin called No Man’s Land. FWC also purchases imported water from the CA State Water
Project through IUEA and SBVMWD (Fontana Water Company, 2021).
The FWC’s 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (2020 UWMP) details that in 2020, the water usage in
the City for was 149 gallons per day per capita, which is below its 2020 target of 176 gallons per day
per capita (Fontana Water Company, 2021). To provide a conservative estimate of Project water use, a
generation rate of 176 gallons per capita per day was used to estimate water demand from the proposed
Project. As described in Section 5.14, Population and Housing, the proposed 37 residential units are
anticipated to result in approximately 138 new residents. Based on the UWMP water estimates, the Project
would result in a water demand of 24,288 gallons per day (27.2 acre-feet per year).
FWC’s 2020 UWMP assessed the projected water demand and supply in the service area based on future
buildout of the GPU and associated land uses. The UWMP concluded that FWC has an adequate water
supply to meet all demands within its service area through 2045. In 2020, the demand for Single-Family
water uses was 18,933-acre feet per year (AFY) (totaling 39,395 AFY for all land uses). Further, FWC
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anticipates Single-Family water demand is anticipated to be 23,318 AFY in 2025 (totaling 44,593 AFY for
all uses) and 25,592 AFY in 2045 (totaling 48,943 AFY for all uses). The Project's additional demands of
27.2 AFY is less than the assumed increase in the forecasted Single-Residential demands in the UWMP;
therefore, the Project's relatively small increase in water demand would not cause demand to exceed the
2045 projected Single-Residential demands for FWC (Fontana Water Company, 2021).
As such, FWC is capable of meeting current and projected water demands through 2045 during normal,
historic single-dry and historic multiple dry-year periods using imported water from CA State Water Project
with existing supply resources. FWC is projected to have sufficient supplies to for its service area from 2020
to 2045 under average year and dry years conditions. Additionally, the proposed Project is consistent with
the land use and zoning of the GP. Therefore, the existing water supply would meet the demand of the
Project during normal, dry, and multiple dry years and no new impacts related to water supply would occur.
As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR.
c) Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which serves or may serve the
Project that it has adequate capacity to serve the Project’s projected demand in addition to the
provider’s existing commitments?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-17 through 5.12-19 and was
determined to be less than significant. The Inland Empire Utilities Agency (IEUA) is responsible for collecting,
treating, and safely disposing of, or recycling wastewater and its residuals for residents in western San
Bernardino County. Specifically, IEUA Regional Plants 1 and 4 are responsible for servicing the Fontana
area. Regional Plant 4 would be responsible for servicing the Project. On average, RP-4 has a treatment
capacity of 14 million gpd, equivalent to 15,692 AFY, and treats approximately 10 million gpd (Inland
Empire Utilities Agency, 2025). In 2020, RP-4 collected and treated approximately 14,178 AF of
wastewater, 13,807 AF of which came from the City of Fontana (Fontana Water Company, 2021).
According to the City of Fontana 2013 Sewer System Master Plan, single-family residential uses generate
approximately 850 gallons per day (gpd) per acre (City of Fontana, 2013). Given the site’s acreage of
5.3-acres, it is estimated that the proposed Project would generate approximately 4,505 gallons of
wastewater per day.
Under existing conditions, RP-4 has an excess treatment capacity of approximately 1.4 million gallons per
day. As such, implementation of the Project would utilize approximately 0.32 percent of RP-4’s daily excess
treatment capacity. Thus, the wastewater treatment plant has ample capacity, and the Project would not
create the need for any new or expanded wastewater facility (such as conveyance lines, treatment facilities,
or lift stations) to serve the proposed Project. Therefore, impacts related to wastewater infrastructure would
be less than significant.
d) Generate solid waste in excess of State or local standards, or in excess of the capacity of local
infrastructure, or otherwise impair the attainment of solid waste reduction goals?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-20 through 5.12-23 and was
determined to be less than significant. The proposed Project would generate solid waste from construction
activities as well as during operation. All solid waste-generating activities within the City are subject to the
requirements set forth in the 2025 California Green Building Standards Code that requires demolition and
construction activities to recycle or reuse a minimum of 65 percent of the nonhazardous construction and
demolition waste, and AB 341 that requires diversion of a minimum of 75 percent of operational solid waste.
Solid waste generated near the Project site is generally taken and disposed of at the Mid-Valley Landfill,
located at 2390 Alder Avenue in the city of Rialto.
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Mid-Valley Landfill is permitted for a daily throughput of 7,500 tons of solid waste and is permitted to
operate until 2045 (CalRecycle, 2025a). Mid-Valley Sanitary Landfill had an average disposal of 3,608
tons per day and an average remaining capacity of 3,892 tons per day (CalRecycle, 2025b).
Solid waste generation rates included in the City of Fontana GPU EIR state that per person waste generation
is approximately one ton per year. The Project proposes the construction of 37 single-family residences with
an estimated 138 residents. Thus, operation of the Project would generate approximately 756 pounds of
solid waste per day, or 138 tons of solid waste per year. However, at least 75 percent of the solid waste
is required by AB 341 to be recycled, which would reduce the volume of landfilled solid waste to
approximately 34.5 tons per year. Thus, Mid-Valley Landfill’s average daily remaining capacity would be
able to accommodate the additional waste produced by operation of the proposed Project and would not
impair the attainment of solid waste reduction goals. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts.
As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR.
e) Comply with federal, state, and local statutes and regulations related to solid waste?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.12-23 and was determined to be less
than significant. As discussed above, the Project would be anticipated to result in 45.5 tons of solid waste
per year. All solid waste-generating activities within the City are subject to the requirements set forth in
Section 5.408.1 of the 2025 California Green Building Standards Code that requires demolition and
construction activities to recycle or reuse a minimum of 65 percent of the nonhazardous construction and
demolition waste, and AB 341 that requires diversion of a minimum of 75 percent of operational solid waste.
Furthermore, the proposed Project would comply with all standards related to solid waste diversion,
reduction, and recycling during Project construction and operation. Therefore, the proposed Project would
result in less than significant impacts related to conflicts with federal, state, and local management and
reduction statutes and regulations pertaining to solid waste. Therefore, the Project would result in no new
impacts. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR.
Conclusion
With regard to the issue area of utilities and service systems, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the
GPU EIR.
3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated in the GPU EIR.
4. No mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR would be required because Project specific impacts
would be less than significant.
Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR)
Assembly Bill 939 and 341. The County and cities within the County shall abide by AB 939 and AB 341
and divert 75 percent of their waste from landfills by the year 2020. The County shall show 15 years
disposal capacity for all jurisdictions within the county or show a plan to transform or divert its waste.
California Green Building Standards Code. Projects will be constructed in accordance with the California
Green Building Standards Code, which requires a minimum of 65 percent of the “non-hazardous construction
and demolition debris” (by weight or volume) to be recycled or reused.
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Assembly Bill 341 and 1826. Projects will store and collect recyclable materials in compliance with AB 341.
Green waste will be handled in accordance with AB 1826.
GPU Goals and Policies
Infrastructure and Green Systems Element
Goal 2: Fontana promotes use of non-potable water for uses where drinking water is not needed.
Policies:
• Encourage use of processed water from the IEUA systems using recycled water for all non-drinking water
purposes.
• Promote laundry-to-landscape greywater systems for single-family housing units.
Goal 3: The city continues to have an effective water conservation program.
Policies:
• Support landscaping in public and private spaces with drought-resistant plants.
• Continue successful city water conservation programs and partnerships.
Goal 5: Fontana collaborates closely with the Inland Empire Utility Agency to promote innovative and
resource-efficient systems and reduce sewer fees.
Policies:
• Support and participate in IEUA programs that help Fontana be more resource-efficient.
• Support incorporation of greywater systems in new developments.
Goal 6: Fontana has a stormwater drainage system that is environmentally and economically sustainable
and compatible with regional One Water One Watershed standards.
Policies:
• Continue to implement the Water Quality Management Plan for stormwater management that
incorporates low-impact and green infrastructure standards.
• Promote natural drainage approaches (green infrastructure) and other alternative non-structural and
structural best practices to manage and treat stormwater.
Goal 8: All residences and businesses have a dependable, environmentally safe means of disposing of solid
waste.
Policies:
• Continue to use best practices for environmentally safe collection, transport and disposal of hazardous
wastes
• Continue to maximize diversion opportunities and landfill capacity by supporting recycling innovations,
such as organic waste recycling for compost.
Sustainability and Resilience Element
Goal 1: Conservation of water resources with best practices such as drought tolerant plant species, recycled
water, greywater systems, has become a way of life in Fontana.
Policy: Continue to promote and implement best practices to conserve water.
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GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
None.
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5.20. WILDFIRE
If located in or near state responsibility
areas or lands classified as very high fire
hazard severity zones, would the Project:
Project
Peculiar
Impact that is
not
Substantially
Mitigated by
Uniformly
Applied
Policies
Significant
Impact not
Analyzed
as
Significant
in the Prior
EIR
Potentially
Significant
Off-Site or
Cumulative
Impact not
Discussed
in the prior
EIR
Adverse
Impact
More
Severe
based on
Substantial
New
Information
No
New
Impact
a) Substantially impair an adopted
emergency response plan or emergency
evacuation plan?
b) Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other
factors, exacerbate wildfire risks, and
thereby expose Project occupants to,
pollutant concentrations from a wildfire or
the uncontrolled spread of a wildfire?
c) Require the installation or maintenance of
associated infrastructure (such as roads, fuel
breaks, emergency water sources, power
lines or other utilities) that may exacerbate
fire risk or that may result in temporary or
ongoing impacts to the environment?
d) Expose people or structures to significant
risks, including downslope or downstream
flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff,
post-fire slope instability, or drainage
changes?
Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR
The GPU EIR discussed wildfire impacts throughout the document including on pages 5.7-2 through 5.7-13
and determined impacts would be less than significant after compliance with applicable building codes (i.e.,
City Building Code, California Building Standards Code), GPU goals and policies, and the Local Hazard
Mitigation Plan.
Project-Specific Impacts
a) Substantially impair an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan?
No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.7-9 and was determined to have a less
than significant impact with applicable building codes (i.e., City Building Code, California Building Standards
Code), GPU goals and policies, and the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan.
According to the CAL FIRE Hazard Severity Zone map, the Project site not located within a State
Responsibility Area (SRA) or a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ) (CAL FIRE, 2025). The Project
site does not contain any emergency facilities, nor does it serve as an emergency evacuation route. Direct
access to the Project site would be provided via Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue. The main driveway to the
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Project site would be from a proposed 35-foot-wide access driveway on Citrus Avenue along the eastern
portion of the Project site. In addition, the proposed Project would include a 26-foot-wide gated driveway
for emergency vehicle access along Tokay Avenue. The proposed Project is required to design and construct
internal access and provide fire suppression facilities (e.g., hydrants and sprinklers) in conformance with the
City’s Municipal Code, and the Fire Department would review the development plans prior to approval to
ensure adequate emergency access pursuant to the requirements in Section 503 of the California Fire Code
(Title 24, California Code of Regulations, Part 9, included in Fontana’s Municipal Code (Section 5-425,
California Fire Code and California Fire Code Standards) and as ensured by RR HAZ-1. As a result, the
proposed Project would not impair an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan
and would not result in new impacts. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU
EIR.
b) Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors, exacerbate wildfire risks, and thereby expose
Project occupants to, pollution concentrations from a wildfire or the uncontrolled spread of a
wildfire?
No New Impact. As described in the previous response, the Project site is not located within a SRA or a
VHFHSZ. The Project site is relatively flat with a gentle slope. The areas within the Project’s vicinity also do
not contain hillsides or other factors that could exacerbate wildfire risks. Therefore, the proposed Project
would not result in new impacts related to exposure of people or structures to significant risk involving
wildland fires. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR.
c) Require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (such as roads, fuel breaks,
emergency water sources, power lines, or other utilities) that may exacerbate fire risk or that may
result in temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment?
No New Impact. As described in the previous responses, the Project site is not within a SRA or a VHFHSZ.
The Project site is located within an urbanized area within the City of Fontana. The proposed Project does
not involve any new infrastructure (such as roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines or other
utilities) that may exacerbate fire risks or result in other impacts to the environment. The proposed Project
does not require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (including roads, fuel breaks,
emergency water sources, power lines, or other utilities) that would exacerbate fire risk or that would result
in impacts to the environment. Although the proposed Project includes new driveways within the Project site,
the proposed Project does not include any changes to public or private roadways that would exacerbate
fire risk or that would result in impacts to the environment. Although utility improvements, including domestic
water, sanitary sewer, and storm drain lines proposed as part of the proposed Project would be extended
throughout the Project site, these utility improvements would be underground and would not exacerbate fire
risk. Project design and implementation of utility improvements would be reviewed and approved by the
City as part of the Project approval process to ensure the proposed Project is compliant with all applicable
design standards and regulations. Therefore, the proposed Project would not include infrastructure (such as
roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines, or other utilities), that would exacerbate fire risk
or that would result in impacts to the environment. Therefore, the proposed Project would result in no new
impacts and is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR.
d) Expose people or structures to significant risks, including downslope or downstream flooding or
landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage changes?
No New Impact. As described in the previous responses, the Project site is not within a SRA or VHFHSZ. As
discussed in Section 5.10, Hydrology and Water Quality, the proposed Project would not result in changes to
drainage. Also as discussed in Section 5. 7, Geology and Soils, the Project site is relatively flat and is not
susceptible to landslides. Likewise, areas adjacent to the Project site are relatively flat urban sites that do
not contain hillsides or other factors that would expose people or structures to flooding or landslides as a
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result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage changes. The proposed Project would also not
generate slopes and would connect to existing drainage facilities. Therefore, the proposed Project would
result in no new impacts related to significant risks, including downslope or downstream flooding or
landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage changes. As such, the proposed Project
is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR.
Conclusion
With regard to the issue area of wildfire, the following findings can be made:
1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified.
2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the
GPU EIR.
3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than
anticipated in the GPU EIR.
4. No mitigation measures are contained within the GPU EIR and no mitigation measures are required
because the Project would result in no new impacts.
Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures
Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR).
RR GEO-1: California Building Code. As listed previously in Section 5.7, Geology and Soils.
RR HAZ-1: California Fire Code. As listed previously in Section 5.9, Hazards and Hazardous Materials.
GPU Goals and Policies
Goal 7: Threats to public and private property from urban and wildland fire hazards are reduced in
Fontana.
Policies:
• The City shall continue to require residential, commercial, and industrial structures to implement fire
hazard-reducing designs and features.
• The City shall continue to ensure to the extent possible that fire services, such as fire equipment,
infrastructure, and response times, are adequate for all sections of the city.
• The City shall monitor development or redevelopment in areas where fire zones have been mapped
through the city.
Goal 9: The City maintains regulations, plans, protocols and emergency training to reduce hazards and risks
and to meet state and federal requirements for emergency assistance.
Policies:
• Keep hazard-mitigation and emergency services programs up to date.
• Continue to provide hazard and risk mitigation and emergency training to public employees and the
public at large.
Public and Community Services Department Element
Goal 2: Fontana’s Fire Department meets or exceeds state and national benchmarks for protection and
responsiveness.
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Policy: Continue the City’s successful partnership with the San Bernardino County Fire Department.
GPU EIR Mitigation Measures
None.
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6. MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING
The MMRP for the Project will be active through all phases of the Project, including design, construction, and
operation. The attached table identifies the mitigation program required to be implemented by the City of
Fontana for the Project. The table identifies mitigation measures required by the City of Fontana to mitigate
impacts associated with the implementation of the Project, the timing of implementation, and the responsible
party or parties for monitoring compliance.
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Table 6-1: Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program
Mitigation Measure Implementation
Timing
Responsible
Party/Verification
Date Completed
and Initials
AESTHETICS
GPU EIR MM AES-1: For future development located in or immediately adjacent to
residentially zoned properties, construction documents shall include language that
requires all construction contractors to strictly control the staging of construction
equipment and the cleanliness of construction equipment stored or driven beyond
the limits of the construction work area. Construction equipment shall be parked and
staged within the Project site to the extent practical. Staging areas shall be screened
from view from residential properties with solid wood fencing or green fence.
Construction worker parking may be located off-site with approval of the City;
however, on-street parking of construction worker vehicles on residential streets shall
be prohibited. Vehicles shall be kept clean and free of mud and dust before leaving
the Project site. Surrounding streets shall be swept daily and maintained free of dirt
and debris.
Before, during,
and after
construction and
prior to issuance
of grading
permits
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division
AIR QUALITY
GPU EIR MM AQ-1: In order to reduce future Project-related air pollutant emissions
and promote sustainability through conservation of energy and other natural
resources, building and site plan designs shall ensure the Project energy efficiencies
surpass (exceed) applicable (2016) California Title 24 Energy Efficiency Standards
by a minimum of 5%. Verification of increased energy efficiencies shall be
documented in Title 24 Compliance Reports provided by the applicant/developer
and reviewed and approved by the City of Fontana prior to the issuance of the first
building permit.
Prior to issuance
of building
permits
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division
GPU EIR MM AQ-2: To reduce energy demand associated with potable water
conveyance, future projects shall implement the following, as applicable:
• Landscaping palette emphasizing drought tolerant plants
• Use of water-efficient irrigation techniques U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) Certified
• WaterSense equivalent faucets, high efficiency toilets, and water-conserving
shower heads
Prior to issuance
of grading
permits
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division
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Mitigation Measure Implementation
Timing
Responsible
Party/Verification
Date Completed
and Initials
GPU EIR MM AQ-3: Future projects shall comply with applicable provisions of state
law, including the California Green Standards Code (Part 11 of Title 24 of the
California Code of Regulations).
Prior to issuance
of grading
permits
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division
GPU EIR MM AQ-4: The applicant/developer shall encourage its tenants to use
alternative-fueled vehicles such as compressed natural gas vehicles, electric vehicles,
or other alternative fuels by providing publicly available information from the
Southern California Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD), California Air
Resources Board (GARB), and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on
alternative fuel technologies.
After
construction
City of Fontana
Planning Division
GPU EIR MM AQ-6: The applicant/developer shall encourage its tenants to use
water-based or low volatile organic compound (VOC) cleaning products by
providing publicly available information from the Southern California Air Quality
Management District (SCAQMD), California Air Resources Board (CARB), and U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on such cleaning products.
After
construction
City of Fontana
Planning Division
GPU EIR MM AQ-8: In the event that any off-site utility and/or infrastructure
improvements are required as a direct result of future projects, construction of such
off-site utility and infrastructure improvements shall not occur concurrently with the
demolition, site preparation, and grading phases of Project construction. This
requirement shall be clearly noted on all applicable grading and/or building plans.
Prior to issuance
of grading
permits
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division
GPU EIR MM AQ-9: All construction equipment shall be maintained in good
operation condition so as to reduce emissions. The construction contractor shall ensure
that all construction equipment is being properly serviced and maintained as per
the manufacturer’s specification. Maintenance records shall be available at the
construction site for City of Fontana verification. The following additional measures,
as determined applicable by the City Engineer, shall be included as conditions of
the Grading Permit issuance:
Prior to issuance
of grading
permits
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division and
Engineering
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Mitigation Measure Implementation
Timing
Responsible
Party/Verification
Date Completed
and Initials
• Provide temporary traffic controls such as a flag person, during all phases of
construction to maintain smooth traffic flow.
• Provide dedicated turn lanes for movement of construction trucks and equipment
on- and off-site.
• Reroute construction trucks away from congested streets or sensitive receptor
areas.
• Appoint a construction relations officer to act as a community liaison concerning
on-site construction activity including resolution of issues related to PM10
generation.
• Improve traffic flow by signal synchronization and ensure that all vehicles and
equipment will be properly tuned and maintained according to manufacturers’
specifications.
• Require the use of 2010 and newer diesel haul trucks (e.g., material delivery
trucks and soil import/export). If the lead agency determines that 2010 model
year or newer diesel trucks cannot be obtained the lead agency shall use trucks
that meet EPA 2007 model year NOX and PM emissions requirements.
• During Project construction, all internal combustion engines/construction
equipment operating on the Project site shall meet EPA-Certified Tier 3 emissions
standards, or higher according to the following:
o January I, 2012, to December 31, 2014: All off-road diesel-powered
construction equipment greater than 50 hp shall meet Tier 3 off-road
emissions standards. In addition, all construction equipment shall be outfitted
with BACT devices certified by CARB. Any emissions control device used by
the contractor shall achieve emissions reductions that are no less than what
could be achieved by a Level 3 diesel emissions control strategy for a
similarly sized engine as defined by CARB regulations.
o Post-January 1, 2015: All off-road diesel-powered construction equipment
greater than 50 hp shall meet the Tier 4 emission standards, where
available. In addition, all construction equipment shall be outfitted with
BACT devices certified by CARB. Any emissions control device used by the
contractor shall achieve emissions reductions that are no less than what could
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Mitigation Measure Implementation
Timing
Responsible
Party/Verification
Date Completed
and Initials
be achieved. by a Level 3 diesel emissions control strategy for similarly
sized engine as defined by CARB regulations.
A copy of each unit’s certified tier specification, BACT documentation, and CARB or
SCAQMD operating permit shall be provided at the time of mobilization of each
applicable unit of equipment.
GPU EIR MM AQ-10: Prior to the issuance of any grading permits, all Applicants
shall submit construction plans to the City of Fontana denoting the proposed schedule
and projected equipment use. Construction contractors shall provide evidence that
low-emission mobile construction equipment will be utilized, or that their use was
investigated and found to be infeasible for the Project. Contractors shall also
conform to any construction measures imposed by the SCAQMD as well as City
Planning Staff.
Prior to issuance
of grading
permits
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division and
Planning Division
GPU EIR MM AQ-11: All paints and coatings shall meet or exceed performance
standards noted in SCAQMD Rule 1113. Specifically, the following measures shall
be implemented, as feasible:
• Use coatings and solvents with a VOC content lower than that required under
AQMD Rule 1113.
• Construct or build with materials that do not require painting.
• Require the use of pre-painted construction materials.
Prior to issuance
of grading
permits
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division and
Planning Division
GPU EIR MM AQ-12: Projects that result in the construction of more than 19 single-
family residential units, 40 multifamily residential units, or 45,000 square feet of
retail/commercial/industrial space shall be required to apply paints either by hand
or high volume, low pressure (HVLP) spray. These measures may reduce volatile
organic compounds (VOC) associated with the application of paints and coatings
by an estimated 60 to 75 percent. Alternatively, the contractor may specify the use
of low volatility paints and coatings. Several of currently available primers have
VOC contents of less than 0.85 pounds per gallon (e.g., Dulux professional exterior
primer 100 percent acrylic). Top coats can be less than 0.07 pounds per gallon (8
Prior to issuance
of grading
permits
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division and
Planning Division
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Mitigation Measure Implementation
Timing
Responsible
Party/Verification
Date Completed
and Initials
grams per liter) (e.g., Lifemaster 2000-series). This latter measure would reduce
these VOC emissions by more than 70 percent. Larger projects should incorporate
both the use of HVLP or hand application and the requirement for low volatility
coatings.
GPU EIR MM AQ-13: All asphalt shall meet or exceed performance standards
noted in SCAQMD Rule 1108.
Prior to issuance
of grading
permits
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division and
Planning Division
GPU EIR MM AQ-14: Prior to the issuance of grading permits or approval of
grading plans for future development projects within the Project area, future
developments shall include a dust control plan as part of the construction contract
standard specifications. The dust control plan shall include measures to meet the
requirements of SCAQMD Rules 402 and 403. Such measures may include, but are
not limited to, the following:
• Phase and schedule activities to avoid high-ozone days and first-stage smog
alerts.
• Discontinue operation during second-stage smog alerts.
• All haul trucks shall be covered prior to leaving the site to prevent dust from
impacting the surrounding areas.
• Comply with AQMD Rule 403, particularly to minimize fugitive dust and noise
to surrounding areas.
• Moisten soil each day prior to commencing grading to depth of soil cut.
• Water exposed surfaces at least twice a day under calm conditions, and as
often as needed on windy days or during very dry weather in order to maintain
a surface crust and minimize the release of visible emissions from the construction
site.
• Treat any area that will be exposed for extended periods with a soil
conditioner to stabilize soil or temporarily plant with vegetation.
• Wash mud-covered tires and under carriages of trucks leaving construction sites.
Prior to issuance
of grading
permits
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division and
Planning Division
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Mitigation Measure Implementation
Timing
Responsible
Party/Verification
Date Completed
and Initials
• Provide for street sweeping, as needed, on adjacent roadways to remove dirt
dropped by construction vehicles or mud, which would otherwise be carried off
by trucks departing project sites.
• Securely cover all loads of fill coming to the site with a tight-fitting tarp.
• Cease grading during periods when winds exceed 25 miles per hour.
• Provide for permanent sealing of all graded areas, as applicable, at the
earliest practicable time after soil disturbance. • Use low-sulfur diesel fuel in all
equipment.
• Use electric equipment whenever practicable.
• Shut off engines when not in use.
GPU EIR MM AQ-20: All residential and commercial structures shall be required to
incorporate high efficiency/low polluting heating, air conditioning, appliances, and
water heaters.
Prior to issuance
of grading
permits
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division and
Planning Division
GPU EIR MM AQ-21: All residential and commercial structures shall be required to
incorporate thermal pane windows and weather-stripping.
Prior to issuance
of building
permits
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division and
Planning Division
GPU EIR MM AQ-22: All residential, commercial, and industrial structures shall be
required to incorporate light colored roofing materials.
Prior to issuance
of building
permits
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division and
Planning Division
GPU EIR MM AQ-23: Prior to approval of future development projects within the
Project area, the City of Fontana shall conduct Project-level environmental review
to determine potential vehicle emission impacts associated with the Project(s).
Mitigation measures shall be developed for each project as it is considered to
mitigate potentially significant impacts to the extent feasible. Potential mitigation
measures may require that facilities with over 250 employees (full or part time
employees at a worksite for a consecutive six-month period calculated as a monthly
Prior to issuance
of grading
permits
City of Fontana
Planning Division
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City of Fontana 179
Mitigation Measure Implementation
Timing
Responsible
Party/Verification
Date Completed
and Initials
average), as required by the Air Quality Management Plan, implement
Transportation Demand Management (TDM) programs.
BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES
GPU EIR MM BIO-1:
1. Prior to initial grading or clearing of areas of suitable habitat within the
Planning Area (e.g., a vacant site with a landscape of grassland or low-growing,
arid scrub vegetation or agricultural use or vegetation), a qualified biologist
shall conduct a pre-construction survey, in accordance with the CDFG Staff
Report on Burrowing Owl Mitigation, to determine the presence or absence of
burrowing owl within the proposed area of impact.
2. Results of surveys, including mitigation recommendations (i.e., a Burrowing Owl
Mitigation and Monitoring Report) shall be incorporated into the Project-level
CEQA compliance documentation.
3. Construction grading/clearing of areas of suitable habitat should occur
between September 1 and January 31 to avoid impacts to breeding owls. If
occupied burrows are discovered, they shall not be removed during nesting
season (February 1 through August 31), unless a qualified biologist can
determine that either the owls have not laid eggs or are incubating eggs, or
that any young from the burrows are able to forage independently. If initial
grading is scheduled to occur during nesting season, the following measures shall
be implemented.
4. If removal of occupied burrows is necessary, passive relocation outside of
nesting season shall be implemented under the supervision of the qualified
biologist. This shall include covering/excavation of burrows and installation of
one-way doors as necessary. One-way doors will allow owls inside the burrow
to exit but not allow them to re-enter. The biologist shall wait a minimum of one
week before the burrow may be excavated to allow the owls time to leave the
area.
Before ground-
disturbing
activities
City of Fontana
Planning Division
and Qualified
Biologist
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Mitigation Measure Implementation
Timing
Responsible
Party/Verification
Date Completed
and Initials
GPU EIR MM BIO-2: To avoid impacts to nesting birds and to comply with the
MBTA, clearing of vegetation and removal of trees should occur between non-
nesting (or non-breeding) season for birds (generally, September 1 to January 31).
If this avoidance schedule is not feasible, the alternative is to carry out such activities
under the supervision of a qualified biologist. This shall entail the following: 1. A
qualified biologist shall conduct a pre-construction nesting bird survey no more than
14 days prior to initiating ground disturbance activities. The survey will consist of
full coverage of the proposed disturbance limits and up to a 500-foot buffer area,
determined by the biologist and taking into account the species nesting in the area
and the habitat present. 2. If no active nests are found, no additional measures are
required. 3. If “occupied” nests are found, their locations shall be mapped, species
documented, and, to the degree feasible, the status of the nest (e.g., incubation of
eggs, feeding of young, near fledging) recorded. The biologist shall establish a no-
disturbance buffer around each active nest. The buffer area will be determined by
the biologist based on the species present, surrounding habitat, and type of
construction activities proposed in the area. 4. No construction or ground disturbance
activities shall be conducted within the buffer until the biologist has determined the
nest is no longer active and has informed the construction supervisor that activities
may resume.
Before ground-
disturbing
activities
City of Fontana
Planning Division
and Qualified
Biologist
GPU EIR MM BIO-3: The City of Fontana Planning Division shall require that all
future project applicants prepare a Biological Assessment in conjunction with a
Project-level analysis. The Biological Assessment shall include a vegetation map of
the proposed Project area, analysis of the impacts associated with plant and animal
species and habitats, and conduct habitat evaluations for burrowing owl, Delhi
Sands flower-loving fly, San Diego pocket mouse, western mastiff bat, western
yellow bat, and San Diego desert woodrat. If any of these special are determined
to be present, then coordination with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and/or
California Department of Fish and Game shall be concluded to determine what, if
any, permits or clearances are required prior to development. Each Project-level
Biological Assessment shall include an analysis of potential impacts to rare plants
and rare natural communities in accordance with the California Department of Fish
and Game’s November 2009 guidance for Protocols for Surveying and Evaluating
Prior to the
issuance of
grading permits
City of Fontana
Planning Division
and Qualified
Biologist
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Impacts to Special Status Native Plant Populations and Natural Communities. For
those projects located in the Delhi Sands flower-loving fly Recovery Unit, the Project-
level Biological Assessment shall include focused surveys. The Biological Assessment
shall prescribe actions necessary to mitigate the impacts identified for a particular
Project. Such actions shall include either avoidance of a sensitive resource, or
payment of in-lieu fees that shall be used to purchase off-site replacement habitat.
In instances where transplantation/relocation, off-site preservation, or fee payment
is selected, habitat mitigation ratios shall be a minimum of 1:1, unless a greater ratio
is required by a state or federal wildlife agency. The requirements of the Biological
Assessment shall be a condition of approval of the individual development Project.
GPU EIR MM BIO-4: Prior to any ground disturbance, trees scheduled for removal
shall be evaluated by a City-approved biologist for roosting bats. If a roost is
present the biologist will develop a plan to minimize impacts to the bats to the
greatest extent feasible.
Before ground-
disturbing
activities
City of Fontana
Planning Division
and Qualified
Biologist
GPU EIR MM BIO-7: Local CEQA procedures shall be applied to identify potential
impacts to rare, threatened, and endangered species.
Before ground-
disturbing
activities
City of Fontana
Planning Division
GPU EIR MM BIO-8: Evidence of satisfactory compliance shall be provided by
Project Applicant with any required State and/or Federal permits, prior to issuance
of grading permits for individual projects.
Prior to the
issuance of
grading permits
City of Fontana
Planning Division
GPU EIR MM BIO-9: Any development that results in the potential take or substantial
loss of occupied habitat for any threatened or endangered species shall conduct
formal consultation with the appropriate regulatory agency and shall implement
required mitigation pursuant to applicable protocols. Consultation shall be on a
project-by-project basis and measures shall be negotiated independently for each
development project.
Before or during
construction, as
needed
City of Fontana
Planning Division
CULTURAL RESOURCES
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GPU EIR MM CUL-1: A qualified archaeologist shall perform the following tasks,
prior to construction activities within Project boundaries:
• Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for
historic resources, a field survey for historical resources within portions of the
Project site not previously surveyed for cultural resources shall be conducted.
• Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for
historic resources, the San Bernardino County Archives shall be contacted for
information on historical property records.
• Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for
sacred land resources, the Native American Heritage Commission shall be
contacted for information regarding sacred lands.
• All historical resources within the Project site, including archaeological and
historic resources older than 50 years, shall be inventoried using appropriate
State record forms and guidelines followed according to the California Office
of Historic Preservation’s handbook “Instructions for Recording Historical
Resources.” The archaeologist shall then submit two (2) copies of the completed
forms to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for the
assignment of trinomials.
• The significance and integrity of all historical resources within the Project site
shall be evaluated, using criteria established in the CEQA Guidelines for
important archaeological resources and/or 36 CFR 60.4 for eligibility for listing
on the National Register of Historic Places.
• Mitigation measures shall be proposed and conditions of approval (if a local
government action) recommended to eliminate adverse Project effects on
significant, important, and unique historical resources, following appropriate
CEQA and/or National Historic Preservation Act's Section 106 guidelines.
• A technical resources management report shall be prepared, documenting the
inventory, evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the Project
site, following guidelines for Archaeological Resource Management Reports
prepared by the California Office of Historic Preservation, Preservation
Planning Bulletin 4(a), December 1989. One copy of the completed report, with
Prior to
construction
activities
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division and
Planning Division
and Qualified
Archaeologist
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and Initials
original illustrations, shall be submitted to the San Bernardino County
Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving.
• If human remains are encountered on the Project site, the San Bernardino County
Coroner’s Office shall be contacted within 24 hours of the find, and all work
shall be halted until a clearance is given by that office and any other involved
agencies.
• All resources and data collected within the Project site shall be permanently
curated at an appropriate repository within the County.
GPU EIR MM CUL-2: If any prehistoric archaeological resources are encountered
before or during grading, the developer shall retain a qualified archaeologist to
monitor construction activities and to take appropriate measures to protect or
preserve them for study. With the assistance of the archaeologist, the City of
Fontana shall:
• Enact interim measures to protect undesignated sites from demolition or
significant modification without an opportunity for the City to establish its
archaeological value.
• Consider establishing provisions to require incorporation of archaeological sites
within new developments, using their special qualities at a theme or focal point.
• Pursue educating the public about the area's archaeological heritage.
• Proposal mitigation measures and recommend conditions of approval (if a local
government action) to eliminate adverse Project effects on significant, important,
and unique prehistoric resources, following appropriate CEQA guidelines.
• Prepare a technical resources management report, documenting the inventory,
evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the Project area. Submit
one copy of the completed report, with original illustrations, to the San
Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving.
Before or during
ground-
disturbing
activities
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division and
Planning Division
and Qualified
Archaeologist
GPU EIR MM CUL-3: Where consistent with applicable local, State and federal law
and deemed appropriate by the City, future site-specific development projects shall
consider the following:
During ground-
disturbing
activities
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division and
Planning Division
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Date Completed
and Initials
• In the event Native American cultural resources are discovered during
construction for future development, all work in the immediate vicinity of the find
shall cease and a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior
standards shall be hired to assess the find. Work on the overall Project may
continue during this period;
• Initiate consultation between the appropriate Native American tribal entity (as
determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior
standards) and the City/Project applicant; Transfer cultural resources
investigations to the appropriate Native American entity (as determined by a
qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) as soon as
possible;
• Utilize a Native American Monitor from the appropriate Native American entity
(as determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior
standards) where deemed appropriate or required by the City, during initial
ground disturbing activities, cultural resource surveys. and/or cultural resource
excavations.
and Qualified
Archaeologist
GEOLOGY AND SOILS
GPU EIR MM CUL-4: A qualified paleontologist shall conduct a pre-construction
field survey of any project site within the Specific Plan Update area that is underlain
by older alluvium. The paleontologist shall submit a report of findings that provides
specific recommendations regarding further mitigation measures (i.e.,
paleontological monitoring) that may be appropriate.
Prior to the
issuance of
grading permits
City of Fontana
Planning Division
and Qualified
Paleontologist
GPU EIR MM CUL-5: Should mitigation monitoring of paleontological resources be
recommended for a specific project within the project site, the program shall include,
but not be limited to, the following measures:
• Assign a paleontological monitor, trained and equipped to allow the rapid
removal of fossils with minimal construction delay, to the site full-time during the
interval of earth-disturbing activities.
During ground-
disturbing
activities
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division and
Planning Division
and Qualified
Paleontologist
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and Initials
• Should fossils be found within an area being cleared or graded, earth-
disturbing activities shall be diverted elsewhere until the monitor has completed
salvage. If construction personnel make the discovery, the grading contractor
shalt immediately divert construction and notify the monitor of the find.
• All recovered fossils shall be prepared, identified, and curated for
documentation in the summary report and transferred to an appropriate
depository (i.e., San Bernardino County Museum).
• A summary report shall be submitted to City of Fontana. Collected specimens
shall be transferred with copy of report to San Bernardino County Museum.
GPU EIR MM GHG-1: Prior to the issuance of building permits, future development
projects shall demonstrate the incorporation of project design features that achieve
a minimum of 28.5 percent reduction in GHG emissions from non-mobile sources as
compared to business as usual conditions. With regard to expansions/modifications
of existing facilities, this mitigation measure shall be applied to the resulting
incremental net increase in enclosed floor area. Future projects shall include, but not
be limited to, the following list of potential design features (which include measures
for reducing GHG emissions related to Transportation and Motor Vehicles).
Energy Efficiency
• Design buildings to be energy efficient and exceed Title 24 requirements
by at least 5 percent.
• Install efficient lighting and lighting control systems. Site and design building
to take advantage of daylight.
• Use trees, landscaping and sun screens on west and south exterior building
walls to reduce energy use. Install light colored “cool” roofs and cool
pavements.
• Provide information on energy management services for large energy users.
• Install energy efficient heating and cooling systems, appliances and
equipment, and control systems (e.g., minimum of Energy Star rated
equipment).
Prior to the
issuance of
building permits
City of Fontana
Planning Division
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Date Completed
and Initials
• Implement design features to increase the efficiency of the building
envelope (i.e., the barrier between conditioned and unconditioned spaces).
• Install light emitting diodes (LEDs) for traffic, street and other outdoor
lighting.
• Limit the hours of operation of outdoor lighting.
Renewable Energy
• Install solar panels on carports and over parking areas. Ensure all industrial
buildings are designed to have “solar ready” roofs.
• Use combined heat and power in appropriate applications.
Water Conservation and Efficiency
• Create water-efficient landscapes with a preference for a xeriscape
landscape palette.
• Install water-efficient irrigation systems and devices, such as soil moisture-
based irrigation controls.
• Design buildings to be water-efficient. Install water-efficient fixtures and
appliances (e.g., EPA WaterSense labeled products).
• Restrict watering methods (e.g., prohibit systems that apply water to non-
vegetated surfaces) and control runoff.
• Restrict the use of water for cleaning outdoor surfaces and vehicles.
• Implement low-impact development practices that maintain the existing
hydrologic character of the site to manage storm water and protect the
environment. (Retaining storm water runoff on-site can drastically reduce
the need for energy-intensive imported water at the site).
• Devise a comprehensive water conservation strategy appropriate for the
Project and location. The strategy may include many of the specific items
listed above, plus other innovative measures that are appropriate to the
specific Project.
• Provide education about water conservation and available programs and
incentives.
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Date Completed
and Initials
Solid Waste Measures
• Reuse and recycle construction and demolition waste (including, but not
limited to, soil, vegetation, concrete, lumber, metal, and cardboard).
• Provide interior and exterior storage areas for recyclables and green
waste and adequate recycling containers located in public areas.
• Provide education and publicity about reducing waste and available
recycling services.
Transportation and Motor Vehicles
• Limit idling time for commercial vehicles, including delivery and construction
vehicles.
• Promote ride sharing programs (e.g., by designating certain percentage of
parking spaces for ride sharing vehicles, designating adequate passenger
loading and unloading and waiting areas for ride sharing vehicles, and
providing a web site or message board for coordinating rides).
• Create local “light vehicle” networks, such as neighborhood electric vehicle
(NEV) systems.
• Provide the necessary facilities and infrastructure to encourage the use of
low or zero emission vehicles (e.g., electric vehicle charging facilities and
conveniently located alternative fueling stations).
• Promote “least polluting” ways to connect people and goods to their
destinations.
• Incorporate bicycle lanes and routes into street systems, new subdivisions,
and large developments.
• Incorporate bicycle-friendly intersections into street design.
• For commercial projects, provide adequate bicycle parking near building
entrances to promote cyclist safety, security, and convenience. For large
employers, provide facilities that encourage bicycle commuting (e.g., locked
bicycle storage or covered or indoor bicycle parking).
• Create bicycle lanes and walking paths directed to the location of schools,
parks, and other destination points.
HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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Party/Verification
Date Completed
and Initials
GPU EIR MM HAZ-2: The City shall assure the continued response and capability
of the San Bernardino County Fire Department/Fontana Fire Protection District to
handle hazardous materials incidents in the City and along the sections of freeways
that extend across the City.
Before
Construction
City of Fontana
Planning
Division/Fontana
Fire Protection
District
GPU EIR MM HAZ-4: The City shall identify roadways along which hazardous
materials are routinely transported. If essential facilities, such as schools, hospitals,
childcare centers or other facilities with special evacuation needs are located along
these routes, identify emergency response plans that these facilities can implement
in the event of an unauthorized release of hazardous materials in their area.
Before
Construction
City of Fontana
Planning Division/
Engineering
GPU EIR MM HAZ-5: A Phase I Site Assessment shall be prepared in accordance
with American Society of Testing and Materials Standards and Standards for
Practice for All Appropriate Inquiries prior to issuance of a Grading Permit for
future development. The Phase I Environmental Site Assessment shall investigate the
potential for site contamination, and will identify Specific Recognized Environmental
Conditions (i.e., asbestos containing materials, lead-based paints, polychlorinated
biphenyls, etc.) that may require remedial activities prior to land acquisition or
construction.
Prior to issuance
of grading
permits
City of Fontana
Planning Division
NOISE
GPU EIR MM NOI-1: Prior to issuance of a grading permit, a developer shall
contract for a site-specific noise study for the parcel. The noise study shall be
performed by an acoustic consultant experienced in such studies and the consultant's
qualifications and methodology to be used in the study must be presented to City
staff for consideration. The site-specific acoustic study shall specifically identify
potential noise impacts upon any proposed sensitive uses (addressing GP buildout
conditions), as well as potential Project impacts upon off-site sensitive uses due to
construction, stationary and mobile noise sources. Mitigation for mobile noise
impacts, where identified as significant, shall consider facility siting and truck routes
such that Project related truck traffic utilizes existing established truck routes.
Prior to issuance
of grading
permits
City of Fontana
Planning Division
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Date Completed
and Initials
Mitigation shall be required if noise levels exceed 65 dBA, as identified in Section
30-182 [30-469] of the City’s Municipal Code.
GPU EIR MM NOI-2: To reduce impacts related to heavy construction equipment
moving and operating on site during Project construction, grading, demolition, and
paving prior to issuance of grading permits, the applicant shall ensure that the
following procedures are followed:
• Construction equipment, fixed or mobile, shall be properly outfitted and
maintained with feasible noise-reduction devices to minimize construction
generated noise.
• Laydown and construction vehicle staging areas shall be located away from
noise sensitive land uses if feasible.
• Stationary noise sources such as generators shall be located away from noise
sensitive land uses, if feasible.
Construction hours, allowable workdays, and the phone number of the job
superintendent shall be clearly posted at all construction entrances to allow
surrounding property owners to contact the job superintendent 24 hours a day to
report noise and other nuisance-related issues, if necessary. The point of contact
shall be available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and have authority to commit
additional assets to control dust after hours, on weekends, and on holidays. In the
event that the City of Fontana receives a pattern of noise complaints, appropriate
corrective actions shall be implemented, such as on site noise monitoring during
construction activities, and a report of the action shall be provided to the reporting
party.
Prior to issuance
of grading
permits
City of Fontana
Planning Division
TRANSPORTATION
GPU EIR MM TRA-1: To mitigate the impact of additional traffic volumes on the
segment of Citrus Avenue between Foothill Boulevard and Arrow Boulevard,
roadway modifications to provide sidewalks where currently missing, the addition
of Class II bicycle lanes in accordance with the City’s ATP, and additional traffic
calming measures as necessary to reduce traffic volumes to a level appropriate for
Prior to the
issuance of
building permits
City of Fontana
Planning Division
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Date Completed
and Initials
the roadway’s designation as a Secondary Highway will be constructed.
Additionally, the roadway could be modified by removing on-street parking and
constructing raised medians to increase the roadway’s vehicular capacity.
The City utilizes a DIF, paid by new development as it occurs in the City, to fund
projects such as this one.
GPU EIR MM TRA-2: Prior to the issuance of building permits, the Project applicant
shall participate in the City of Fontana's Development Impact Fee (DIF) program by
paying the requisite DIF fee at the time of the building permit.
The Measure I fee program relies upon local jurisdictions to implement mitigation
programs by collecting fees for regional improvements; however, the San
Bernardino County Transportation Authority (SBCTA) does not dictate how individual
jurisdictions allocate their costs for regional improvements to new development.
Instead, each jurisdiction, including the City of Fontana, is required to develop its
own schedule of fees and implementation programs (often through a capital
improvement program (CIP)) that can demonstrate achievement of contribution levels
set in the Nexus Study for each jurisdiction.
The Nexus study is based on having each jurisdiction subject to the Nexus Study fund
its share of needed regional improvements by developing the facilities within its own
jurisdiction. The Nexus Study does not rely on the exchange of impact fees between
jurisdictions as a means of mitigating impacts of development occurring within one
jurisdiction on the regional transportation facilities of another jurisdiction. As a result,
there is no allocation of arterial improvement costs to jurisdictions outside the
jurisdiction in which proposed development project is located. Impacts of
development throughout the region addressed in the Nexus Study are instead
mitigated by requiring each jurisdiction to be responsible for needed arterial
improvements within its own jurisdiction, including the share of improvements in traffic
generated in other jurisdictions. Thus, as development occurs within the various
jurisdictions subject to Nexus Study fees, all of the regional improvements included
within the Nexus Study throughout the County of San Bernardino will eventually be
built.
Prior to the
issuance of
building permits
City of Fontana
Planning Division
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Date Completed
and Initials
GPU EIR MM TRA-3: Prior to issuance of a grading permit, applicants for future
development associated with proposed projects shall prepare site-specific traffic
studies, to the satisfaction of the City's Engineering Department. As determined by
these subsequent traffic studies, traffic improvements identified as mitigation
measures shall be implemented as a condition of the approved future development
project, either through direct construction by the project applicant and/or through
development impact fees.
Prior to issuance
of a grading
permit
City's Engineering
Department
TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES
GPU EIR MM CUL-1: A qualified archaeologist shall perform the following tasks,
prior to construction activities within Project boundaries:
• Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for
historic resources, a field survey for historical resources within portions of the
Project site not previously surveyed for cultural resources shall be conducted.
• Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for
historic resources, the San Bernardino County Archives shall be contacted for
information on historical property records.
• Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for
sacred land resources, the Native American Heritage Commission shall be
contacted for information regarding sacred lands.
• All historical resources within the Project site, including archaeological and
historic resources older than 50 years, shall be inventoried using appropriate
State record forms and guidelines followed according to the California Office
of Historic Preservation’s handbook “Instructions for Recording Historical
Resources.” The archaeologist shall then submit two (2) copies of the completed
forms to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for the
assignment of trinomials.
• The significance and integrity of all historical resources within the Project site
shall be evaluated, using criteria established in the CEQA Guidelines for
important archaeological resources and/or 36 CFR 60.4 for eligibility for listing
on the National Register of Historic Places.
Prior to
construction
activities
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division and
Planning Division
and Qualified
Archaeologist
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Date Completed
and Initials
• Mitigation measures shall be proposed and conditions of approval (if a local
government action) recommended to eliminate adverse Project effects on
significant, important, and unique historical resources, following appropriate
CEQA and/or National Historic Preservation Act's Section 106 guidelines.
• A technical resources management report shall be prepared, documenting the
inventory, evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the Project
site, following guidelines for Archaeological Resource Management Reports
prepared by the California Office of Historic Preservation, Preservation
Planning Bulletin 4(a), December 1989. One copy of the completed report, with
original illustrations, shall be submitted to the San Bernardino County
Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving.
• If human remains are encountered on the Project site, the San Bernardino County
Coroner’s Office shall be contacted within 24 hours of the find, and all work
shall be halted until a clearance is given by that office and any other involved
agencies.
• All resources and data collected within the Project site shall be permanently
curated at an appropriate repository within the County.
GPU EIR MM CUL-2: If any prehistoric archaeological resources are encountered
before or during grading, the developer shall retain a qualified archaeologist to
monitor construction activities and to take appropriate measures to protect or
preserve them for study. With the assistance of the archaeologist, the City of
Fontana shall:
• Enact interim measures to protect undesignated sites from demolition or
significant modification without an opportunity for the City to establish its
archaeological value.
• Consider establishing provisions to require incorporation of archaeological sites
within new developments, using their special qualities at a theme or focal point.
• Pursue educating the public about the area's archaeological heritage.
• Proposal mitigation measures and recommend conditions of approval (if a local
government action) to eliminate adverse Project effects on significant, important,
and unique prehistoric resources, following appropriate CEQA guidelines.
Before or during
ground-
disturbing
activities
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division and
Planning Division
and Qualified
Archaeologist
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Timing
Responsible
Party/Verification
Date Completed
and Initials
• Prepare a technical resources management report, documenting the inventory,
evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the Project area. Submit
one copy of the completed report, with original illustrations, to the San
Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving.
GPU EIR MM CUL-3: Where consistent with applicable local, State and federal law
and deemed appropriate by the City, future site-specific development projects shall
consider the following:
• In the event Native American cultural resources are discovered during
construction for future development, all work in the immediate vicinity of the find
shall cease and a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior
standards shall be hired to assess the find. Work on the overall Project may
continue during this period;
• Initiate consultation between the appropriate Native American tribal entity (as
determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior
standards) and the City/Project applicant; Transfer cultural resources
investigations to the appropriate Native American entity (as determined by a
qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) as soon as
possible;
• Utilize a Native American Monitor from the appropriate Native American entity
(as determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior
standards) where deemed appropriate or required by the City, during initial
ground disturbing activities, cultural resource surveys. and/or cultural resource
excavations.
During
construction
activities
City of Fontana
Building and Safety
Division and
Planning Division
and Qualified
Archaeologist
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7. DOCUMENT PREPARERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
Lead Agency
City of Fontana
Planning Division
8353 Sierra Avenue
Fontana, CA 92335
CEQA Document Preparers
EPD Solutions, Inc.
Konnie Dobreva, JD, Vice President of Environmental Planning
Jazmin Rodriguez, Assistant Environmental Planner
Sam Kelley, Assistant Environmental Planner
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8. REFERENCES
BFSA Environmental Services. (2025a). Cultural Resources Study for the RC Homes Citrus Avenue Project.
Appendix C.
BFSA Environmental Services. (2025b). Paleontological Assessment for the RC Homes Citrus Avenue Project.
Appendix E.
CAL FIRE. (2025). Fire Hazard Severity Zones. Retrieved from https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/what-we-
do/community-wildfire-preparedness-and-mitigation/fire-hazard-severity-zones
California Department of Conservation. (2024). California Williamson Act Enrollment Finder. Retrieved from
California Department of Conservation: https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/dlrp/WilliamsonAct/
California Department of Conservation. (2025). California Important Farmland Finder. Retrieved from
California Department of Conservation: https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/dlrp/ciff/
California Department of Education. (2025 ). Fontana Unified . Retrieved from California School
Dashboard: https://www.caschooldashboard.org/reports/36677100000000/2024
California Department of Finance. (2025). E-5 Population and Housing Estimates for Cities, Counties, and the
State, 2020-2024. Retrieved from California Department of Finance:
https://dof.ca.gov/forecasting/demographics/estimates/e-5-population-and-housing-estimates-
for-cities-counties-and-the-state-2020-2025/
CalRecycle. (2025a). Mid-Valley Sanitary Landfill (36-AA-0055). Retrieved from CalRecycle:
https://www2.calrecycle.ca.gov/SolidWaste/Site/Summary/2662
CalRecycle. (2025b). Landfill Tonnage Reports. Retrieved from CalRecycle:
https://www2.calrecycle.ca.gov/LandfillTipFees/
Caltrans. (2018). California State Scenic Highways. Retrieved from California Department of
Transportation: https://dot.ca.gov/programs/design/lap-landscape-architecture-and-community-
livability/lap-liv-i-scenic-highways
City of Fontana. (2025). City of Fontana Master Storm Drain Plan. Retrieved from City of Fontana:
https://www.fontanaca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/46399/City-of-Fontana-Master-Storm-Drain-
Plan-2025
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%202024:%20Residential:%20$5.17/SqFt.%20Commercial:%20$0.84/SqFt
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End of document.