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HomeMy WebLinkAboutRevised Final Draft - 7844 Citrus Avenue 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA Guidelines Section 15183 Streamline Exemption Lead Agency: City of Fontana 8353 Sierra Ave Fontana, CA 92335 Project Applicant: RC Homes, Inc. 550 N Larchmont Blvd Los Angeles, CA 90004 CEQA Consultant: 3333 Michelson Drive, Suite 500 Irvine, CA 92612 July 2026 This page intentionally left blank. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana i Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 5 1.1. OVERVIEW OF CEQA GUIDELINES SECTION 15183 .......................................................................... 5 1.2. FONTANA GENERAL PLAN UPDATE 2015-2035 ................................................................................. 5 1.3. PROJECT OVERVIEW .................................................................................................................................. 6 1.4. APPLICABILITY OF STATE CEQA GUIDELINES SECTION 15183 ........................................................ 6 1.5. STATE DENSITY BONUS LAW (CA GOV CODE SECTION 65915) ................................................... 8 1.6. HOUSING ACCOUNTABILITY ACT (SENATE BILL NO. 330) ............................................................... 8 2. PROJECT SETTING........................................................................................................................... 9 2.1. PROJECT LOCATION ................................................................................................................................... 9 2.2. EXISTING LAND USES ................................................................................................................................. 9 2.3. EXISTING GENERAL PLAN AND ZONING DESIGNATIONS................................................................ 9 2.4. SURROUNDING LAND USE, GENERAL PLAN, AND ZONING DESIGNATIONS .............................. 9 3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................ 25 3.1. PROJECT OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................... 25 3.2. PROJECT FEATURES .................................................................................................................................. 25 3.3. CONSTRUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 27 3.4. PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENT(S) FOR ANALYZING STATE CEQA GUIDELINES SECTION 15183 ......................................................................................................................................................... 43 3.5. LOCATION OF PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENT(S) ANALYZING THE EFFECTS OF INFILL PROJECTS ................................................................................................................................................... 43 3.6. STANDARD CONDITIONS OF APPROVAL .......................................................................................... 43 3.7. DISCRETIONARY APPROVALS, PERMITS, AND STUDIES ................................................................... 44 4. ENVIRONMENTAL CHECKLIST ...................................................................................................... 45 4.1. CHECKLIST FORM ..................................................................................................................................... 45 4.2. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED ..................................................................... 46 4.3. DETERMINATION: (TO BE COMPLETED BY THE LEAD AGENCY)..................................................... 46 5. ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS ....................................................................................................... 48 5.1. AESTHETICS ................................................................................................................................................ 48 5.2. AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY RESOURCES ...................................................................................... 56 5.3. AIR QUALITY .............................................................................................................................................. 59 5.4. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES....................................................................................................................... 71 5.5. CULTURAL RESOURCES ............................................................................................................................ 78 5.6. ENERGY ....................................................................................................................................................... 84 5.7. GEOLOGY AND SOILS ............................................................................................................................ 88 5.8. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS ............................................................................................................ 95 5.9. HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ......................................................................................... 107 5.10. HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY ................................................................................................ 115 5.11. LAND USE PLANNING............................................................................................................................ 122 5.12. MINERAL RESOURCES ............................................................................................................................ 124 5.13. NOISE ........................................................................................................................................................ 126 5.14. POPULATION AND HOUSING ............................................................................................................. 137 5.15. PUBLIC SERVICES .................................................................................................................................... 140 5.16. RECREATION ............................................................................................................................................ 146 5.17. TRANSPORTATION ................................................................................................................................. 149 5.18. TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES ............................................................................................................ 156 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana ii 5.19. UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS ........................................................................................................ 161 5.20. WILDFIRE ................................................................................................................................................... 168 6. MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING ........................................................................... 172 7. DOCUMENT PREPARERS AND CONTRIBUTORS ......................................................................... 194 8. REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................... 195 Tables TABLE 2-1: SURROUNDING LAND USES ................................................................................................................................. 9 TABLE 3-1: RESIDENTIAL UNIT SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................ 25 TABLE AES-1: CONSISTENCY WITH DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS UNDER DENSITY BONUS LAW (DBL) .............................. 50 TABLE AQ-1: SCAQMD REGIONAL DAILY EMISSIONS THRESHOLDS ................................................................................ 61 TABLE AQ-2: REGIONAL PROJECT CONSTRUCTION EMISSION ESTIMATES ......................................................................... 62 TABLE AQ-3: REGIONAL PROJECT OPERATIONAL EMISSIONS ............................................................................................ 62 TABLE AQ-4: LOCALIZED CONSTRUCTION EMISSION ESTIMATES ...................................................................................... 63 TABLE AQ-5: PROJECT CONSTRUCTION HEALTH RISK ....................................................................................................... 64 TABLE E-1: TOTAL CONSTRUCTION FUEL USAGE ................................................................................................................ 85 TABLE E-2: ENERGY CONSUMPTION ESTIMATES DURING PROJECT OPERATION ................................................................ 86 TABLE GHG-1: CONSTRUCTION GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS (MT/YEAR) ................................................................... 97 TABLE GHG-2: OPERATIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS (MT/YEAR) ...................................................................... 97 TABLE GHG-4: 2022 CARB SCOPING PLAN CONSISTENCY SUMMARY ......................................................................... 99 TABLE GHG-5: LOCAL ACTIONS POLICIES (APPENDIX D OF THE 2022 SCOPING PLAN) .............................................. 102 TABLE N-1: NOISE MEASUREMENT LOCATIONS ................................................................................................................ 129 TABLE N-2: FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION DAYTIME CONSTRUCTION NOISE CRITERIA ........................................... 129 TABLE N-3: VIBRATION ANNOYANCE CRITERIA ................................................................................................................ 130 TABLE N-4: VIBRATION DAMAGE CRITERIA ....................................................................................................................... 130 TABLE N-5: TYPICAL CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT NOISE LEVELS ..................................................................................... 131 TABLE N-6: CONSTRUCTION NOISE LEVELS AT THE NEARBY SENSITIVE RECEPTORS ......................................................... 132 TABLE N-7: VIBRATION SOURCE AMPLITUDES FOR CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT ............................................................. 133 TABLE N-8: POTENTIAL CONSTRUCTION VIBRATION ANNOYANCE IMPACTS AT NEAREST RECEPTOR .............................. 134 TABLE N-9: POTENTIAL CONSTRUCTION VIBRATION DAMAGE IMPACTS AT NEAREST RECEPTOR ..................................... 134 TABLE PS-1: STUDENT GENERATION FACTOR ................................................................................................................... 142 TABLE T-1: PROJECT TRIP GENERATION ............................................................................................................................ 151 TABLE 6-1: MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM ............................................................................... 173 Figures FIGURE 2-1: REGIONAL LOCATION..................................................................................................................................... 11 FIGURE 2-2: LOCAL VICINITY .............................................................................................................................................. 13 FIGURE 2-3: AERIAL VIEW................................................................................................................................................... 15 FIGURE 2-4: EXISTING SITE PHOTO A ................................................................................................................................ 17 FIGURE 2-5: EXISTING SITE PHOTO B ................................................................................................................................. 19 FIGURE 2-6: EXISTING LAND USE ........................................................................................................................................ 21 FIGURE 2-7: EXISTING ZONING .......................................................................................................................................... 23 FIGURE 3-1: CONCEPTUAL SITE PLAN ................................................................................................................................. 29 FIGURE 3-2: ELEVATION A .................................................................................................................................................. 31 FIGURE 3-3: ELEVATION B ................................................................................................................................................... 33 FIGURE 3-4: ELEVATION C .................................................................................................................................................. 35 FIGURE 3-5: ELEVATION D .................................................................................................................................................. 37 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana iii FIGURE 3-6: CONCEPTUAL LANDSCAPE PLAN..................................................................................................................... 39 FIGURE 3-7: RECREATIONAL FACILITIES LANDSCAPE PLAN .................................................................................................. 41 FIGURE N-1: NOISE MEASUREMENT LOCATION ................................................................................................................ 127 Appendices APPENDIX A AIR QUALITY, ENERGY, AND GREENHOUSE GAS IMPACT ANALYSIS APPENDIX B GENERAL BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT APPENDIX C CULTURAL RESOURCES STUDY APPENDIX D GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING INVESTIGATION APPENDIX E PALEONTOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT APPENDIX F PHASE I ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT APPENDIX G PHASE II ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT APPENDIX H PRELIMINARY WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLAN APPENDIX I NOISE AND VIBRATION IMPACT ANALYSIS APPENDIX J VEHICLE MILES TRAVELLED (VMT) SCREENING MEMO APPENDIX K HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana iv This page intentionally left blank. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 5 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1.OVERVIEW OF CEQA GUIDELINES SECTION 15183 This CEQA Streamline Exemption evaluates whether the potential environmental impacts of the Project are addressed in the Fontana General Plan Update 2015-2035 Draft Environmental Impact Report (GPU EIR) (SCH # 2016021099) pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines (CEQA Guidelines) Section 15183 (CEQA Streamline Exemption). As set forth in California Public Resources Code (PRC) Section 21083.3 and State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183, projects that are “consistent with the development density established by the existing zoning, community plan or general plan policies for which an EIR was certified shall not require additional environmental review, except as might be necessary to examine whether there are project-specific significant effects which are peculiar to the project or its site” (State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183(a) and PRC Section 21083.3(b)). The State CEQA Guidelines further state that “[i]f an impact is not peculiar to the parcel or to the project, has been addressed as a significant effect in the prior EIR, or can be substantially mitigated by the imposition of uniformly applied development policies or standards […] then an additional EIR need not be prepared for the project solely on the basis of that impact” (State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183(c)).” In Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. City of Turlock, 138 Cal.App.4th 273 (2006), the court stated, “The foregoing construction of the terms “peculiar to” and “project-specific” promotes efficiency by reducing delay and needless paperwork and, therefore, is consistent with the purpose underlying the streamlined review of Guidelines section 15183.” The court went on to state that “Applying these definitions, a physical change in the environment will be peculiar to the [Project] if that physical change belongs exclusively or especially to the [Project] or if it is characteristic of only the [Project].” For example, impacts related to archaeological resources are not peculiar to the proposed project, since archaeological impacts with mitigation are common with many development projects in the state. Similarly, in Gilroy Citizens for Responsible Planning v. City of Gilroy, 140 Cal.App.4th 911 (2006), the court found that because the project would have significant air quality impacts and because the General Plan EIR concluded the same, there was nothing peculiar about the project. There is nothing peculiar about a project with significant impacts if the EIR already analyzed and determined those projects to be significant. Most recently, in Lucas v. City of Pomona (2023) the Court of Appeal held that “[b]ecause Guidelines section 15183 requires an agency to examine whether a project’s environmental effects were analyzed as significant impacts in a prior EIR on a general plan or zoning action with which the project is consistent…. the substantial evidence standard applies.” 1.2.FONTANA GENERAL PLAN UPDATE 2015-2035 In 2016, the City of Fontana initiated a comprehensive update of the General Plan (2003 General Plan) which was adopted on November 13, 2018 (State Clearinghouse No. 2016021099). The 2018 General Plan consists of the following mandatory and additional State elements: Land Use, Zoning, and Urban Development; Economy, Education, and Workforce Development; Housing; Community Mobility and Circulation; Conservation, Open Space, Parks and Trails; Noise and Safety; Community and Neighborhoods; Building a Healthier Fontana; Public and Community Services; Infrastructure and Green Systems; Sustainability and Resilience; and Stewardship and Implementation. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 6 The GPU EIR evaluated the potential environmental effects from implementation of the General Plan Update (GPU), and development pursuant to the GPU is subject to mitigation measures identified in the GPU EIR and the requirements of the City’s Development Code. A project is consistent with the GPU if the development density does not exceed what was contemplated and analyzed for the parcel(s) in the GPU EIR and complies with the associated standards applicable to that development density (State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183(i)(2)). Development density standards can include the number of dwelling units per acre, the number of people in a given area, floor area ratio (FAR), and other measures of building intensity, building height, size limitations, and use restrictions. The project site is currently designated with a General Plan Land Use designation of Walkable Mixed-Use Corridor & Downtown (WMXU-1) and is zoned Form Based Code (FBC). The WMXU-1 land use designation uses include a variety of medium- to high- density residential types, retail and services, office, entertainment, education, civic, and open space. Pursuant to the City’s Zoning and Development Code Section 30-406, the Project site falls within the Neighborhood District. The Neighborhood District under FBC allows for neighborhood uses such as residential uses, civic uses and/or public park uses. 1.3.PROJECT OVERVIEW The Project proposes to develop the 5.3-gross acre site with 37 single-family residential units, which would result in a density of 7.0 dwelling units per acre. The Project site is currently undeveloped with sparse vegetation consisting of low grasses and scattered shrubs. The proposed Project would consist of 34 market rate units and 3 very low-income affordable units, which qualifies the Project for a density bonus under the State of California Density Bonus Law (CA Gov Code Section 65915). The Project would include landscaping, parking, private roadways, recreation facilities, and utility and stormwater improvements. In addition, the Project would improve the existing sidewalks along the Project site frontage. 1.4.APPLICABILITY OF STATE CEQA GUIDELINES SECTION 15183 As set forth in State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183(d), the additional environmental review streamlining applies to projects which meet the following conditions: 1. The project is consistent with: a. A community plan adopted as part of a general plan, b. A zoning action which zoned or designated the parcel on which the project would be located to accommodate a particular density of development, or c. A general plan of a local agency, and 2. An EIR was certified by the lead agency for the zoning action, the community plan, or the general plan. Additionally, the environmental review streamlining applies only to the extent that all feasible mitigation measures identified in the applicable general plan are implemented by the public agency with jurisdiction to require such mitigation measures (State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183(e)). The GPU EIR analyzed the impacts of buildout of the GP. As discussed in this analysis, the Project is consistent with the land uses identified for the site in the GP. The Project site has a GP land use designation of WMXU- 1and is zoned FBC-Neighborhood District. The Project would subdivide the site and develop 37 single-family residences, which is within the assumptions for land use and growth projections of the GP and allowed under provisions of the state Density Bonus Law (CA Gov Code Section 65915). Per Wollmer v. City of Berkeley (2011) 193 Cal.App.4th 1329, in determining whether a project is consistent with applicable general plan and zoning designations, it is proper for City to apply the provisions of the state Density Bonus law, which 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 7 allows the waiver of zoning or general plan standards when necessary to achieve the density bonus to which the project is entitled. As such, the GPU EIR adequately anticipated and analyzed the impacts of development consistent with the GP, identified applicable mitigation measures necessary to reduce impacts of such development, and required implementation of the mitigation measures where applicable. The Project follows and implements that guidance without triggering any new or unanticipated significant impacts. The Project, therefore, qualifies for an exemption from additional environmental review as set forth in State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183. Specifically, the Project qualifies for streamlining because the following findings can be made: 1. The Project is consistent with the development density established by existing zoning, community plan or general plan policies for which an EIR was certified. The Project would develop the site with 37 single-family residences, which is consistent with the uses analyzed in the GPU EIR and allowed under the FBC-Neighborhood District designation and allowed under provisions of the state Density Bonus Law (CA Gov Code Section 65915) as described below under Section 1.5. 2. There are no Project specific effects which are peculiar to the Project or its site, and which the GPU EIR failed to analyze as significant effects. The subject property is similar to other properties in the area, including its land use designation and zoning. The property does not support any peculiar environmental features, and the Project would not result in any peculiar effects. In addition, as explained further in the CEQA Streamline Exemption below, Project impacts were adequately analyzed by the GPU EIR. The GPU EIR identified that the GP would not result in significant and unavoidable environmental impacts that could not be avoided or reduced to less than significant levels through mitigation measures. The GPU EIR identified eight environmental impact areas for which mitigation measures were required to reduce potential environmental impacts to a less than significant level: (1) aesthetics; (2) air quality; (3) biological resources; (4) cultural resources; (5) greenhouse gas emissions; (6) hazards and hazardous materials; (7) noise; and (8) transportation. 3. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which the GPU EIR failed to evaluate. The Project is consistent with the density under the state Density Bonus Law (CA Gov Code Section 65915) and land use characteristics of the development considered by the GPU EIR and would represent a small part of the growth that was forecasted for build-out of the GP. The GPU EIR considered the incremental impacts of the Project, and as explained further in the CEQA Exemption, below, no new Project-specific impacts are anticipated. Therefore, the Project would not result in any potentially significant cumulative impacts which were not previously evaluated in the GPU EIR. Additionally, the proposed adjacent sidewalk improvements were analyzed as part of the GP buildout and would not result in any potentially significant impacts beyond that which was evaluated in the GPU EIR. 4. There is no substantial new information which results in more severe impacts than anticipated by the GPU EIR. As documented in the CEQA Streamline Exemption below, no new information has been identified which would result in a determination that the Project would have a more severe impact than anticipated by the GPU EIR. 5. The Project will undertake feasible mitigation measures specified in the GPU EIR. As explained in the CEQA Streamline Exemption below, the Project will undertake feasible mitigation measures specified in the GPU EIR and subsequently adopted by the City. These GPU EIR mitigation measures will be undertaken through Project design, compliance with regulations and ordinances, the Project’s conditions of approval, and City permit processing. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 8 1.5.STATE DENSITY BONUS LAW (CA GOV CODE SECTION 65915) The Density Bonus Law (DBL) (CA Gov Code Section 65915) encourages the development of affordable housing by allowing additional density on a property above the maximum density in a jurisdiction’s GP land use plan. The Project must reserve an allotted number of affordable dwelling units below market rate in exchange for the density increase. Reductions in required development standards such as setbacks may also be granted to qualifying applicants. Additional provisions under the DBL include incentives or concessions providing cost reductions; waivers of development standards that would physically preclude the construction of a development with incentives granted; and reductions of parking requirements. Incentives are limited in number and granted on a sliding scale based on the percentage of affordable housing that is provided. Waivers are potentially unlimited in number. Pursuant to CA Gov Code Section 65915(d), incentives or concessions shall be granted unless (a) “the concession or incentive does not result in identifiable and actual cost reductions… to provide for affordable housing costs… or for rents for the targeted units to be set”; (b) “the concession or incentive would have a specific, adverse impact…upon public health and safety or on any real property that is listed in the California Register of Historical Resources and for which there is no feasible method to satisfactorily mitigate or avoid the specific, adverse impact without rendering the development unaffordable to low-income and moderate-income households”; (c) or “the concession or incentive would be contrary to state or federal law.” Waiver requests must be similarly granted when a development standard would physically preclude construction of a DBL-qualified project., unless the waiver would have a specific adverse impact that cannot be mitigated or avoided, would have an adverse impact on a property listed in the California Register of Historical Resources, or would be contrary to state or federal law. The DBL specifies that “the granting of a density bonus shall not be interpreted, in and of itself, to require a general plan amendment, zoning change, or other discretionary approval.” Similarly, pursuant to Gov Code section 65589.5 (the “Housing Accountability Act”), the receipt of a density bonus, incentive, concession, waiver, or reduction of development standards pursuant to the DBL is not a valid basis on which to conclude that a proposed housing development project is inconsistent, not in compliance, or not in conformity with otherwise applicable local land use plan, policies, programs, or standards. As such, the Project is consistent with CEQA Streamlining requirements under CEQA Guidelines Section 15183(d). 1.6.HOUSING ACCOUNTABILITY ACT (SENATE BILL NO. 330) The Housing Accountability Act (HAA) (SB 330) precludes a City and/or other public agency from denying, reducing the density of, or rendering a housing development project for very low, low-, or moderate-income households and/or an emergency shelter, infeasible, unless the agency can provide specified written findings of evidence. SB 330 is applicable to the Project as it meets the definition of a “housing development project” and of “housing for very low-, low-, or moderate-income households” pursuant to CA Gov Code Section 65589.5. The preliminary housing development Project application was submitted on May 12, 2025. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 9 2. PROJECT SETTING 2.1.PROJECT LOCATION The Project site is located in the northern portion of the City of Fontana within San Bernardino County. The Project site is located within Section 01, Township 1 South, Range 6 West San Bernardino Principal Meridian. Regional access to the Project site is provided via Interstate 15 (I-15). Local access to the Project site is provided via Tokay Avenue. The Project site and the surrounding area are shown in Figure 2 -1, Regional Location, and Figure 2-2, Local Vicinity. The Project site encompasses approximately 5.3 acres and is identified by Assessor’s Parcel Number (APN) 1110-361-10. 2.2.EXISTING LAND USES The Project site is vacant and undeveloped with sparse vegetation consisting of low grasses and scattered shrubs. There is an existing chain link fence along the eastern and western boundaries of the site and a block wall along the northern boundary. The southern boundary of the site is fenced off with both wooden and chain link fences. Existing conditions of the Project site and adjacent uses are shown in Figure 2-3, Aerial View, Figure 2-4, Existing Site Photo A, and 2-5, Existing Site Photo B. 2.3.EXISTING GENERAL PLAN AND ZONING DESIGNATIONS The Project site is currently designated with a General Plan Land Use designation of WMXU-1 and is zoned FBC, as shown on Figures 2-6, Existing Land Use, and Figure 2-7, Existing Zoning. The WMXU-1 land use designation uses include a variety of medium- to high- density residential types, retail and services, office, entertainment, education, civic, and open space. Pursuant to the City’s Zoning and Development Code Section 30-406, the project site falls within the Neighborhood District. The Neighborhood District under FBC allows for neighborhood uses such as residential uses, civic uses and/or public park uses. 2.4.SURROUNDING LAND USE, GENERAL PLAN, AND ZONING DESIGNATIONS The Project site is located within an urban and developed area. The surrounding land uses are described in Table 2-1. Table 2-1: Surrounding Land Uses Direction Existing Land Use General Plan Designation Zoning Designation North Single family residential WMXU-1 FBC East Citrus Avenue followed by Single family residential Residential Planned Community (R-PC) Northgate Specific Plan South Single family residential WMXU-1 FBC West Tokay Avenue followed by Tokay Elementary School Public Facilities (P-PF) Public Facilities (P-PF) 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 10 This page intentionally left blank. Regional Location Figure 2-17844-7866 Citrus Avenue Project City of Fontana Sources: Esri, USGS, NOAA, Sources: Esri, Garmin, USGS, NPS 0 1 2 Miles ± PROJECT SITE 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 12 This page intentionally left blank. Local Vicinity Figure 2-27844-7866 Citrus Avenue Project City of Fontana Sandhurst St Se a S a l t A v e M y r t l e P l M a g n o l i a P l S u l t a n a A v e Miller Ave Rancho Fontana S u l t a n a A v e Valencia Ave C y p r e s s A v e A l m e r i a A v e Li m e A v e O l e a n d e r A v e A b i g a i l P l E l s a C t R i l e y D r Ce l e s t e A v e Harvey Dr C o n c o r d A v e J a c a r a n d a A v e G a b ri e l D r E u g e n i a D r E u g e n i a D r Jackson Dr Jacks on Dr N i a g a r a D r Montgomery Ave Barbee St Reed Dr D a t e A v e T o y o n A v e Pain e St Miller Ave C i t r u s A v e C i t r u s A v e Baseline Ave Almeria Middle School 66 66 C a t a w b a A v e T o k a y A v e D a t e S t Seville Ave Li m e A v e Ivy Ave Orange Way Upland Ave Valencia Ave C i t r u s A v e A l m e r i a A v e Fo othill Blvd Cypress Park R amona Ave J u n i p e r A v e P aine St Barbee St Bill Martin Park J u n i p e r A v e S e w e l l A v e Seville Park and Amphitheater Fontana Metrolink Plaza AL M E R I A A V E ARROW RTE CY P R E S S A V E ORANGE WAY VALENCIA AVE OL E A N D E R A V E CI T R U S A V E FOOTHILL BLVD LI M E A V E TO K A Y A V E JU N I P E R A V E SU L T A N A A V E MILLER AVE UPLAND AVE BASELINE RD Sources: Esri, TomTom, Garmin, FAO, NOAA, USGS, (c) OpenStreetMap contributors, and the GIS User Community 0 1,000 2,000 Feet ±Legend Project Site 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 14 This page intentionally left blank. Aerial View Figure 2-37844-7866 Citrus Avenue Project City of Fontana CI T R U S A V E FAIRVIEW ST TO K A Y A V E EL W O O D C T HARVEYDR FAIRVIEW CT BARBEE AVE MALAGA AVE CA R T I L L A A V E CH E R I M O Y A CT ELWO O D PL REED CT TOKAY MANOR ST BARBEE ST County of San Bernardino, Maxar, Microsoft 0 250 500 Feet ±Legend Project Site 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 16 This page intentionally left blank. Existing Site Photo A Figure 2-47844-7866 Citrus Avenue Project City of Fontana Key Viewpoint location Direction of sight View of Project site from Tokay Avenue, looking southeast. Sources: Esri, TomTom, Garmin, FAO, NOAA, USGS, (c) OpenStreetMap contributors, and 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 18 This page intentionally left blank. Existing Site Photo B Figure 2-57844-7866 Citrus Avenue Project City of Fontana Key Viewpoint location Direction of sight View of the Project site from Citrus Avenue, looking northwest. Sources: Esri, TomTom, Garmin, FAO, NOAA, USGS, (c) OpenStreetMap contributors, and the GIS User Community, 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 20 This page intentionally left blank. Curry Pl To k a y A v e L i m e A v e Ra mona D r Ma l o o f A v e Y e l l o w I r i s C t R amona Ave C o n c o r d A v e Hanover Ln Reed Dr E u g e n i a D r Wh i t e woo d D r Malaga Dr Fair vie w Dr K n o x D r Monica Ct Moni ca C t Toka y Mn r To kay Mnr Paine St Paine St A l m e r i a A v e Miller A ve Almeria Middle School Tokay Elementary C a t a w b a A v e Missi on Av e Foot hill Blv d Fo ot hill Blv d Ferrellgas Fairfax S t O l e a n d e r A v e D a t e S t C y p r e s s A v e Harvey Dr H arve y D r Lemon S t Reed Ct M e l in d a Way M a d r on a D r Barbe e St Bar bee St Barbe e St Ree d S t D a t e A v e M a d r o n a A v e To y o n A v e Mille r Ave C i t r u s A v e Northgate Park 66 66 D a t e S t M a d r o n a D r Vine St Foot hill B lvd Fairfax Dr Malag a Ct P-R WMXU-1 R-SF R-MFH R-MFH P-R P-PF P-R R-PC R-M R-M R-SFR-PC C-G WMXU-1 C-C R-M C-CR-M R-MFMH Sources: Esri, TomTom, Garmin, FAO, NOAA, USGS, (c) OpenStreetMap contributors, and the GIS User Community Existing Land Use Legend Project Site General Plan R-PC Residential Planned Community R-SF Single Family Residential R-M Medium Density Residential R-MFMH Multi Family Median/High Residential R-MFH Multi Family High Residential WMXU-1 Walkable Mixed Use Corridor & Downtown C-C Community Commercial C-G General Commercial P-PF Public Facilities P-R Recreational Facilities 0 500 1,000 US Feet± Figure 2-67844-7866 Citrus Avenue Project City of Fontana 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 22 This page intentionally left blank. Curry Pl T o k a y A v e L i m e A v e Ra mona D r M a l o o f A v e Y e l l o w I r i s C t R amona Ave C on c o r d A v e Hanover Ln Reed Dr E u g e n i a D r W h i t e wo o d D r Malaga Dr Fair vie w Dr K n o x D r Monica Ct Monica Ct To ka y Mn r To kay Mnr Paine St Paine St A l m e r i a A v e Miller A ve Almeria Middle School Tokay Elementary C a t a w b a A v e Missi on Av e C o n c o r d S t Foot hil l Blv d Fo ot hi ll Blv d Ferrellgas F airfax S t O l e a n d e r A v e D a t e S t C y p r e s s A v e Harv ey Dr H arvey D r Lemon S t Reed Ct M e l i n d a Wa y M a d r on a D r Barb e e St Bar bee St Barbee St Ree d S t D a t e A v e M a d r o n a A v e T o y o n A v e Mille r Ave C i t r u s A v e Northgate Park 66 66 D a t e S t M a d r o n a D r Vin e St Foot hill B lvd Fairfax Dr Malag a Ct Sources: Esri, TomTom, Garmin, FAO, NOAA, USGS, (c) OpenStreetMap contributors, and the GIS User Community Existing Zoning Legend Project Site Zoning General commercial (C-2) Public facility (P-PF) Single-Family (R-1) Medium-Density (R-2) Multiple-Family (R-3) Specific Plan (SP) 0 500 1,000 US Feet± Figure 2-77844-7866 Citrus Avenue Project City of Fontana 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 24 This page intentionally left blank. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 25 3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 3.1.PROJECT OVERVIEW The Project applicant proposes to subdivide the approximately 5.3-gross acre parcel and develop the site with 37 single-family residential units. The Project would include landscaping, parking, private roadways, recreation facilities, and utility and stormwater improvements. In addition, the Project would improve the existing sidewalks along the Project site frontage. Figure 3-1, Conceptual Site Plan, illustrates the proposed Project site. 3.2.PROJECT FEATURES Development Summary The proposed Project would construct 37 single-family detached residential units on the 5.3-acre site, which would result in a density of 7.0 dwelling units per acre (du/acre). The proposed Project would include 37 single-family residences, consisting of 34 market rate units and 3 very low-income affordable units which qualifies the Project for a density bonus under the state Density Bonus Law (CA Gov Code Section 65915). The units would be comprised of two floor plans that are grouped into four building types. The residences would have 3 or 4 bedrooms (with a loft as an optional bedroom) and 2.5 bathrooms and would range in size from 1,682 to 1,669 square feet (SF). Table 3-1 provides a summary of the proposed floor plans. Table 3-1: Residential Unit Summary Unit Type No. of Units Bedrooms Bathrooms Unit Square Footage Lot Square Footage 1A 10 31 2.5 1,669 3,580 SF - 4,117 SF 1B 12 31 2.5 1,669 2,374 SF -4,083 SF 2A 7 4 2.5 1,682 3,953 SF- 4,192 SF 2B 8 4 2.5 1,682 3,950 SF -5,020 SF 1 Includes a loft as an optional bedroom The proposed residences would be two stories with a maximum height of 26 feet and four inches, measured from finish grade to top of highest roof ridges. Project elevations would include a variety of architectural elements, including articulated massing and finish material palates, and have design characteristics consistent with traditional style. Conceptual elevations of the proposed residential units are provided in Figures 3 -2 through 3-5, Elevations A-D. Access and Circulation The Project site would be accessible from Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue. The main driveway to the Project site would be approximately 35-foot-wide located on Citrus Avenue along the eastern portion of the Project site. In addition, the Project would include a 26-foot-wide gated driveway for emergency vehicle access along Tokay Avenue. Internal circulation would be via 26-foot-wide on-site drive aisles. The Project would include a total of 170 parking spaces. All 37 residential units would include two enclosed garage spaces for a total of 74 garage stalls. Additionally, 22 units would have full driveways resulting in 44 driveway spaces. The remaining 15 units would only have one on-lot spaces resulting in a total of 15 on- lot spaces. The Project would also provide 37 open-guest parking spaces throughout the site. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 26 Recreation and Open Space The Project would provide an average of approximately 508 SF of front yard landscape and 1,934 SF of rear yard landscape per unit, for a total of approximately 2,442 SF of private open space per unit. Additionally, the Project would include approximately 8,004 SF of common recreational space. Recreational amenities would include a recreation area with a pool and pool deck located in the northeast corner of the Project site adjacent to the proposed drive aisle “B Drive”, and a community open space area with open play turf in the southwest corner of the Project adjacent to Tokay Avenue. The Project would install new drought tolerant landscaping throughout the Project site that requires low water and maintenance as required by the City’s municipal code. This would include 36-inch and 24-inch box trees as well as 15-gallon trees and various shrubs. Tree varieties, which have been reviewed and preliminarily approved by the City of Fontana Planning Department, would include Marina Strawberry, Queen Palm, Western Redbud, Shrubbery Yew Pine, Chanticleer Callery Pear, and True Green Elm. Trees would be installed throughout the site and along internal sidewalk areas. The irrigation system would also be designed for water conservation and in compliance with Fontana’s Municipal Code Section 28-91. Figure 3-6, Conceptual Landscape Plan, and Figure 3-7, Recreational Facilities Landscape Plan, illustrate the site’s proposed landscaping. Fences and Walls The Project proposes the installation of new block walls up to 6-feet-high along all Project perimeters. Additionally, a 6-foot-high tubular steel fence would be implemented along the western boundary of the proposed open space area in the southwest portion of the site. Block walls along the north and south property edges are proposed to be built on top of retaining walls of up to 3 feet in height. A combination of 6-foot- high retaining walls and vinyl fencing would also be installed around the interior side yards and backyards of each residence. Lighting Proposed outdoor lighting would be typical of single-family residential uses and would consist of wall- mounted lighting, pole-mounted lights along the proposed internal roadway. All of the proposed Project’s outdoor lighting would be directed downward and shielded to minimize off-site and would be designed in compliance with the provisions in Fontana’s Municipal Code Section 30-471. Infrastructure Improvements Gas and Electric The Project would be serviced by Southern California Edison (SCE) for electricity. The Project would install underground electric lines throughout the site that would connect to existing SCE infrastructure located along Tokay Avenue. The Project would be all electric, therefore no gas service provider would be necessary. Water and Sewer The Project would install new 6-inch on-site water lines which would connect to the existing 12-inch water line in Citrus Avenue. The Project would also install new 8-inch sewer lines which would connect to the existing 8- inch sewer line in Tokay Avenue. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 27 Stormwater Drainage The proposed Project would install an underground detention basin in the southwest portion of the site. Stormwater runoff would flow towards southwest corner for retention and infiltration into underground infiltration chambers. Overflow would discharge into Tokay Avenue into the 3-foot proposed parkway drain. Solar Consistent with the 2025 CA Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24 Part 6), the Project would include photovoltaic (PV) solar panels on the rooftops of each residence and meet all other Title 24 Part 6 requirements related to energy efficiency. 3.3.CONSTRUCTION Construction activities for the Project would occur over one phase lasting approximately 16 months, beginning the third quarter of 2026 and ending the first quarter of 2028. Construction would occur in the following stages: (1) site preparation and grading; (2) building construction; (3) paving; and (4) architectural coatings. Construction activities would be limited to the hours between 7:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. on weekdays and between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. pursuant to Fontana’s Municipal Code Section 18-63. While not anticipated, if offsite improvements occur during nighttime hours between 9:00 p.m. to 5:00 a.m. due to the site’s proximity to an operating school, a separate permit would be required. The proposed Project would result in a cut of 42,214 cubic yards (CY) of soil and a fill of 52,951 CY of soil totaling a net import of approximately 10,737 CY of soil. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 28 This page intentionally left blank. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 30 This page intentionally left blank. 7844-7866 Citrus Avenue Project City of Fontana 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 32 This page intentionally left blank. 7844-7866 Citrus Avenue Project City of Fontana 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 34 This page intentionally left blank. 7844-7866 Citrus Avenue Project City of Fontana 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 36 This page intentionally left blank. 7844-7866 Citrus Avenue Project City of Fontana 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 38 This page intentionally left blank. &LWUXV$YHQXH 3URMHFW &LW\RI)RQWDQD 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 40 This page intentionally left blank. &LWUXV$YHQXH 3URMHFW &LW\RI)RQWDQD 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 42 This page intentionally left blank. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 43 3.4.PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENT(S) FOR ANALYZING STATE CEQA GUIDELINES SECTION 15183 Fontana GPU EIR, certified June 8, 2018. State Clearinghouse Number 2016021099. 3.5.LOCATION OF PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENT(S) ANALYZING THE EFFECTS OF INFILL PROJECTS Fontana Planning Department, 8353 Sierra Avenue, Fontana, CA 92335; and accessible online on the City’s website: https://www.fontana.org/2632/General-Plan-Update-2015---2035 3.6.STANDARD CONDITIONS OF APPROVAL Cultural Resources a. Upon discovery of any tribal cultural or archaeological resources, cease construction activities in the immediate vicinity of the find until the find can be assessed. All tribal cultural and archaeological resources unearthed by Project construction activities shall be evaluated by the qualified archaeologist and tribal monitor/consultant. If the resources are Native American in origin, interested Tribes (as a result of correspondence with area Tribes) shall coordinate with the landowner regarding treatment and curation of these resources. Typically, the Tribe will request preservation in place or recovery for educational purposes. Work may continue on other parts of the project while evaluation takes place. b. Preservation in place shall be the preferred manner of treatment. If preservation in place is not feasible, treatment may include implementation of archaeological data recovery excavation to remove the resource along the subsequent laboratory processing and analysis. All Tribal Cultural Resources shall be returned to the Tribe. Any historic archaeological material that is not Native American in origin shall be curated at a public, non-profit institution with a research interest in the materials, if such an institution agrees to accept the material. If no institution accepts the archaeological material, they shall be offered to the Tribe or a local school or historical society in the area for educational purposes. c. Archaeological and Native American monitoring and excavation during construction projects shall be consistent with current professional standards. All feasible care to avoid any unnecessary disturbance, physical modification, or separation of human remains and associated funerary objects shall be taken. Principal personnel shall meet the Secretary of the Interior standards for archaeology and have a minimum of 10 years’ experience as a principal investigator working with Native American archaeological sites in southern California. The Qualified Archaeologist shall ensure that all other personnel are appropriately trained and qualified. Noise The construction contractor will use the following source controls at all times: a. Construction shall be limited to 7:00 am to 6:00 pm on weekdays, 8:00 am to 5:00 pm on Saturdays, and no construction on Sundays and Holidays unless it is approved by the building inspector for cases that are considered urgently necessary as defined in Section 18-63(7) of the Municipal Code. b. For all noise-producing equipment, use types and models that have the lowest horsepower and the lowest noise generating potential practical for their intended use. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 44 c. The construction contractor will ensure that all construction equipment, fixed or mobile, is properly operating (tuned-up) and lubricated, and that mufflers are working adequately. d. Have only necessary equipment onsite. e. Use manually-adjustable or ambient-sensitive backup alarms. When working adjacent to residential use(s), the construction contractor will also use the following path controls, except where not physically feasible, when necessary: i. Install portable noise barriers, including solid structures and noise blankets, between the active noise sources and the nearest noise receivers. ii. Temporarily enclose localized and stationary noise sources. iii. Store and maintain equipment, building materials, and waste materials as far as practical from as many sensitive receivers as practical. 3.7.DISCRETIONARY APPROVALS, PERMITS, AND STUDIES In accordance with State CEQA Guidelines Sections 15050 and 15367, the City is the designated Lead Agency for the Project and has principal authority and jurisdiction for CEQA actions and Project approval. Responsible Agencies are those agencies that have jurisdiction or authority over one or more aspects associated with the development of a proposed Project and/or mitigation. Trustee Agencies are state agencies that have jurisdiction by law over natural resources affected by a proposed Project. There are no Responsible Agencies or Trustee Agencies, or any other public agencies, whose approval is required for approving this Project. The following discretionary approval and permits are anticipated from the City of Fontana to be necessary for implementation of the proposed Project: • Subdivision/Tentative Tract Map (TTM) • Design Review Project • Density Bonus Request • Adoption of this CEQA Streamline Exemption with the determination that the document has been prepared in compliance with the requirements of CEQA. Approvals and permits necessary to execute the proposed Project, including but not limited to, demolition permit, grading permit, building permit, etc. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 45 4. ENVIRONMENTAL CHECKLIST 4.1.CHECKLIST FORM Project Title: 7844-7866 Citrus Avenue Project Lead Agency Name and Address: City of Fontana, 8353 Sierra Avenue, Fontana, CA 92335 Contact Person and Phone Number: Alejandro Rico, Associate Planner, (909) 350-6558, ARico@fontanaca.gov Project Location: The Project site is located at 7844-7866 Citrus Avenue (APN: 1110-361-10) Project Sponsor’s Name and Address: RC Homes, Inc., 550 N Larchmont Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90004 General Plan Designation: Walkable Mixed-Use Corridor & Downtown (WMXU-1) Zoning: FBC- Neighborhood District Project Description: The Project proposes to develop the 5.3-acre site with 37 single-family residential units. The proposed Project would consist of 34 market rate units and 3 very low-income affordable units, which qualifies the Project for a density bonus under the state Density Bonus Law (CA Gov Code Section 65915) and yields a Project density of 7.0 du/acre. The Project would include landscaping, parking, private roadways, recreation facilities, and utility and stormwater improvements. In addition, the Project would improve the existing sidewalks along the Project site frontage. Surrounding Land Uses and Setting: The Project site is located within an urban area. The surrounding land uses include single-family residential to the north, Tokay Avenue followed by Tokay Elementary School to the west, single-family residential to the south, and Citrus Avenue followed by single-family residential. Other Public Agencies Whose Approval is Required: Not Applicable. Have California Native American tribes traditionally and culturally affiliated with the project area requested consultation pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21080.3.1? If so, is there a plan for consultation that includes, for example, the determination of significance of impacts to tribal cultural resources, procedures regarding confidentiality, etc.? Assembly Bill (AB) 52 (Chapter 532, Statutes of 2014) establishes a formal consultation process for California tribes as part of the CEQA process and equates significant impacts on tribal cultural resources with significant environmental impacts (PRC Section 21084.2). AB 52 requires that lead agencies undertaking CEQA review evaluate, just as they do for other historical and archeological resources, a project’s potential impact to a tribal cultural resource. In addition, AB 52 requires that lead agencies, upon request of a California Native American tribe, begin consultation prior to the release of a negative declaration, mitigated negative declaration, or environmental impact report for a project. AB 52 does not apply to an Exemption or Addendum, such as this CEQA Streamline Exemption (State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183). As such, AB 52 noticing is not required for this Project. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 46 4.2.ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED The subject areas checked below were determined to have new significant environmental effects or to be previously identified effects that have a substantial increase in severity either due to a change in project, change in circumstances, or new information of substantial importance, as indicated by the checklist and discussion on the following pages. As described throughout Section 5.0, Environmental Analysis, no subject areas were identified to have potential new significant effects. Aesthetics Agriculture/Forestry Resources Air Quality Biological Resources Cultural Resources Energy Geology/Soils Greenhouse Gas Emissions Hazards/Hazardous Materials Hydrology/Water Quality Land Use/Planning Mineral Resources Noise Population/Housing Public Services Recreation Transportation Tribal Cultural Resources Utilities/Service Systems Wildfire Mandatory Findings of Significance 4.3.DETERMINATION: (TO BE COMPLETED BY THE LEAD AGENCY) On the basis of this initial evaluation: I find that the proposed Project WOULD NOT result in: 1) a peculiar impact that was not identified as a significant impact under the prior EIR; 2) a significant impact that was not analyzed as significant in the prior EIR; 3) a potentially significant off-site impact or cumulative impact not discussed in the prior EIR; or 4) a more severe impact due to substantial new information that was not known at the time the prior EIR. NO FURTHER ACTION is required and a Notice of Exemption (Section 15094) will be filed indicating that the Project IS ELIGIBLE for an EXEMPTION under State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183. I find that the proposed Project would result in: 1) a peculiar impact that was not identified as a significant impact under the prior EIR; 2) a significant impact that was not analyzed as significant in the prior EIR; 3) a potentially significant off-site impact or cumulative impact not discussed in the prior EIR; or 4) a more severe impact due to substantial new information that was not known at the time the prior EIR. I find that FURTHER ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW is necessary to analyze those effects that are subject to CEQA, and therefore, this Project is NOT ELIGIBLE for an EXEMPTION under State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183. ___________________________________________________________________________________ Signature Date ___________________________________________________________________________________ Printed Name Title 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 47 Evaluation of Environmental Impacts This CEQA Streamline Exemption provides an analysis of potential environmental impacts resulting from the Project. Following the format of CEQA Guidelines Appendix G Checklist, environmental effects are evaluated to determine if the Project would result in a potentially significant impact triggering additional review under State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183. • Items checked “Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated” indicates that the Project could result in a peculiar impact, including a physical change that belongs exclusively or especially to the Project or that is a distinctive characteristic of the Project or the Project site and that peculiar impact is not substantially mitigated by the imposition of uniformly applied development policies or standards. (State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183(b)(1), and (f)). • Items checked “Impact not Analyzed as Significant Effect in GPU EIR/SEIR” indicates that the Project could result in a significant effect that was not analyzed as significant in the GPU EIR. Such a Project impact is not significant if it can be substantially mitigated by the imposition of uniformly applied development policies or standards. (State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183(b)(2), (c), and (f)). • Items checked “Potentially Significant Offsite or Cumulative Impact Not Discussed in GPU EIR/SEIR” indicates the Project could result in a significant offsite or cumulative impact that was not discussed in the GPU EIR/SEIR. Such an offsite or cumulative Project impact is not significant if it can be substantially mitigated by the imposition of uniformly applied development policies or standards. (State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183(b)(3), (c), and (f)). • Items checked “Adverse Impact More Severe Based on Substantial New Information” indicates that there is new information that leads to a determination that the Project impact is more severe than discussed in the GPU EIR/SEIR. Such an impact is not more severe if it can be substantially mitigated by the imposition of uniformly applied development policies or standards. (State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183(b)(4)(c) and(f)). • Items checked “No New Impact” indicates that potential impacts from the Project have been adequately analyzed in the GPU EIR/SEIR. A project does not qualify for a Community Plan Exemption if it is determined that it would result in one or more of the following: (1) a peculiar impact that was not identified as a significant impact under the GPU EIR, (2) a significant impact was not analyzed as significant in the GPU EIR, (3) a potentially significant off- site impact or cumulative impact not discussed in the GPU EIR, or (4) a more severe impact due to substantial new information that was not known at the time the GPU EIR was certified. However, if a project having any of the foregoing impacts can be substantially mitigated through the imposition of uniformly applied development policies or standards, then an additional EIR does not need to be prepared based solely on that impact. Uniformly applied development policies or standards that are applicable to the proposed Project are included within this analysis. A summary of the City’s analysis of each potential environmental impact related to the proposed Project is provided in the checklist below for each environmental topic area. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 48 5. ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS This section provides evidence to substantiate the conclusions in the environmental checklist. The section briefly summarizes the conclusions of the GPU EIR, and then discusses whether or not the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR, or if further analysis is required pursuant to CEQA. Mitigation measures referenced herein are from the GPU EIR. 5.1.AESTHETICS Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact Except as provided in Public Resources Code Section 21099, would the Project: a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista? b) Substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway? c) In non-urbanized areas, substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of public views of the site and its surroundings? (Public views are those that are experienced from publicly accessible vantage point). If the Project is in an urbanized area, would the Project conflict with applicable zoning and other regulations governing scenic quality? d) Create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area? Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to aesthetics on pages 5.1-1 through 5.1-17. The GPU EIR determined that buildout of the GP would not result in a substantial adverse effect on a scenic visa or alter scenic resources within a state scenic highway. The GPU EIR describes that buildout of the GP would not degrade the existing visual character or quality of scenic views. The GPU also determined that buildout of the GP would create new sources of light or glare in portions of the City, but none of these would adversely affect 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 49 day or nighttime views in the area. As such, the GPU EIR determined impacts related to aesthetics would be less than significant. Project-Specific Impacts a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.1-6 through 5.1-7 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. Scenic vistas consist of expansive, panoramic views of important, unique, or highly valued visual features that are seen from public viewing areas. This definition combines visual quality with information about view exposure to describe the level of interest or concern that viewers may have for the quality of a particular view or visual setting. The GPU EIR notes that visual resources within Fontana include views of the San Gabriel mountains to the north and Jurupa Hills to the south. The Project site is currently vacant and undeveloped. Existing vegetation is sparse and limited to low grasses and scattered shrubs. There is an existing chain link fence along the eastern and western boundaries of the site and a block wall along the northern boundary. The southern boundary of the site is fenced off with both wooden and chain link fences. Distant views of the San Gabriel Mountains are available from public vantage points on both Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue. The Project proposes to develop the site with a new residential community and would construct 37 detached, two-story single-family residences on the 5.3-acre site. This would result in a density of 7.0 du/acre. While development of the site would limit views of the foreground available across the vacant site shown in Figures 2-4 and 2-5, Existing Site Photo A and B, the new residential units would be set back from the adjacent streets and would not encroach into the existing public long-distance views. The proposed Project includes minimum front yard setbacks of 4 feet for each unit. Thus, the Project would not encroach upon views of the mountains from pedestrians and motorists along Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue. The GPU EIR determined that proposed improvements under the GP would occur within a predominately built-out, urbanized area, and therefore, future views would be similar to existing views. The proposed Project is consistent with the Fontana development standards for the land use and zoning designation of the Project site as shown in Table AES-1, and therefore, the Project would result in less than significant impacts on views of scenic resources (distant mountain views). The Project would not impact any scenic vistas or protected viewsheds, and the Project is consistent with surrounding uses and Fontana’s development standards. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. b) Substantially damage scenic resources, including trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.1-8 through 5.1-9 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. The proposed Project would not damage any scenic resources or historic buildings within a state scenic highway. The Project site is currently undeveloped, vacant, and surrounded by residential neighborhoods. Furthermore, there are no officially designated State Scenic Highways in the City of Fontana or in the vicinity of the Project site (City of Fontana, 2018). The closest eligible State Scenic Highway is State Route 38 (SR 38), located approximately 19 roadway miles from the Project site (Caltrans, 2018). Additionally, as described in the GPU EIR, the City does not contain rock outcroppings. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 50 The Project site is not visible from SR 38, therefore the Project would not substantially damage scenic resources, including trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a State Scenic Highway. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR, and the Project would result in no new impact. c) In non-urbanized areas, substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of public views of the site and its surroundings? (Public views are those that are experienced from publicly accessible vantage point). If the Project is in an urbanized area, would the Project conflict with applicable zoning and other regulations governing scenic quality? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.1-10 through 5.1-15 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. The Project is located in an urbanized area that has been mostly built-out. As described previously in Section 2, Project Setting, the Project site has an existing GP land use designation of WMXU-1 and a zoning designation of FBC-Neighborhood District. Pursuant to the state Density Bonus Law (DBL) (CA Gov Code Section 65915), the Project qualifies for waivers and incentives of the existing development standards under the DBL as needed to accommodate the proposed very low-income units. Table AES-1 below compares the Project’s consistency with Fontana’s development standards under the DBL. Table AES-1: Consistency with Development Standards under Density Bonus Law (DBL) Development Feature Fontana Development Standards Incentive or Waiver Proposed Project Consistency Setbacks: Front Street Side Street Side – Interior Rear Min: 10 ft.; Max: 25 ft Min: 10 ft.; Max 25 ft. 10 ft. 10 ft. Waiver Waiver Waiver N/A Consistent. Under the state Density Bonus Law, the Project satisfies affordability requirements and these standards would physically preclude construction of the Project as designed. The invocation of a waiver is not a basis for a determination of inconsistency with the development standard at issue. Proposed Standard with Justified Waiver: • Front Street Setback: Reduced from 10 ft. to varying setbacks (4 ft. min.) • Side Street: Reduced from 10 ft. to varying setbacks (4 ft. min.) • Side (Interior) Setback: Reduced from 5 ft. to varying setbacks (4 ft min.) Consistent: • Rear: Varying setbacks (10 ft. min.) Lot Size: Lot Width Lot Depth 50 ft. 75 ft. Waiver Waiver Consistent. Under the state Density Bonus Law, the Project satisfies affordability requirements, and these standards would physically preclude construction of the Project as designed. The invocation of a waiver is not a basis 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 51 Development Feature Fontana Development Standards Incentive or Waiver Proposed Project Consistency for a determination of inconsistency with the development standard at issue. Proposed Standard with Justified Waiver: • Lot Width: Reduced from 50 ft. to varying widths (40 ft. min.) • Lot Depth: Reduced from 75 ft. to varying depths (48 ft. min.) Frontage Types: Porch Dooryard Stoop The referenced sections are applicable: (Section 30-375 specifies frontage types; Sections 30-381-Porch, 30-382- Dooryard, and 30-383- Stoop specify allowed sizes and minimum/maximum dimensions. Incentive #1 Consistent. Under the state Density Bonus Law, the Project satisfies affordability requirements and the Project requests an ‘incentive’ to allow for provision of enhanced frontage types on selected lots. The justification for this incentive is economic, as the requested alternative standards will save the Project in development costs. Maximum Height 40 ft. N/A Consistent. The proposed units would have a maximum height of 26’ 4”. Parking 2 spaces for 2-4 bedrooms N/A Consistent. The Project would include two fully enclosed garage spaces per unit for a total of 74 covered parking spots. The Project also includes 44 private driveway stalls, 15 on-lot stalls, and 37 open guest stalls. Parking Space Setbacks: Front Street Side Street Side – Interior Rear property/rear alley Min: 20 ft Min: 5 ft. 0 ft. 0 ft. Waiver Waiver N/A N/A Consistent. Under the state Density Bonus Law, the Project satisfies affordability requirements and these standards would physically preclude construction of the Project as designed. The invocation of a waiver is not a basis for a determination of inconsistency with the development standard at issue. Proposed Standard with Justified Waiver: • Front Street Setback: Reduced from 20 ft. to 4 ft. • Side Street: Reduced from 5 ft. to 4 ft. Consistent: • Side (Interior) Setback: 0’ • Rear: 0’ Wall & Fence Material The referenced section: (30-389(a)(2)), requires the use of masonry materials Incentive #2 Consistent. Under the state Density Bonus Law, the Project satisfies affordability requirements and the Project requests an ‘incentive’ to allow 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 52 Development Feature Fontana Development Standards Incentive or Waiver Proposed Project Consistency for sound reduction purposes substitution of vinyl fencing in place of masonry materials. The justification for this incentive is economic, as the requested alternative standards for walls and fences will save the Project in development costs. Common Open Space/Amenities Development projects over two acres shall develop five percent of the site as common open space or public open space. Waiver Consistent. Under the state Density Bonus Law, the Project satisfies affordability requirements and these standards would physically preclude construction of the Project as designed. The invocation of a waiver is not a basis for a determination of inconsistency with the development standard at issue. Proposed Standard with Justified Waiver: • Reduced from 5% to 3.5% of site Pedestrian Access Main entrance location: Primary street Ground floor space and upper unit shall have separate entries. Waiver Consistent. Under the state Density Bonus Law, the Project satisfies affordability requirements and these standards would physically preclude construction of the Project as designed. The invocation of a waiver is not a basis for a determination of inconsistency with the development standard at issue. Proposed Standard with Justified Waiver: • Main entrance location may be allowed from any adjacent existing or public street or proposed private street or driveway Building Placement vis-à- vis Parking Living area or a front porch shall be forward of the garage, if provided. Waiver Consistent. Under the state Density Bonus Law, the Project satisfies affordability requirements and these standards would physically preclude construction of the Project as designed. The invocation of a waiver is not a basis for a determination of inconsistency with the development standard at issue. Proposed Standard with Justified Waiver: • On interior facing lots facing private streets or driveways, garages (if provided) may be 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 53 Development Feature Fontana Development Standards Incentive or Waiver Proposed Project Consistency forward of living area or a front porch Bicycle Parking – Long Term Share 80% of required parking shall be for long term bicycle parking. Waiver Consistent. Under the state Density Bonus Law, the Project satisfies affordability requirements and these standards would physically preclude construction of the Project as designed. The invocation of a waiver is not a basis for a determination of inconsistency with the development standard at issue. Proposed Standard with Justified Waiver: • Long-term bicycle would be provided in garages or fenced private yards of residential units. • Parking in common area would be for short-term use only. Notes: ft. = feet; SF = square feet Source: Sections 30-364, 30-375; 30-381, 30-382, 30-383, and 30-389 of the Fontana Municipal Code Consistent with the DBL, waivers shall be granted unless certain written findings can be made otherwise. As shown in Table AES-1, the Project would be consistent with standards in the Fontana Municipal Code under the Density Bonus Law and would not conflict with an applicable zoning regulation related to scenic quality. Therefore, impacts related to the build-out of the proposed residences would be less than significant. Construction activities associated with the proposed Project would occur in the following stages: (1) site preparation, (2) grading, (3) building construction, (4) paving, and (5) architectural coating/striping. Construction-related impacts would be short-term and temporary, lasting only as long as the 16-month construction period. However, during construction, equipment and staging areas would be set up within the Project site which would temporarily alter the visual character of the site and surrounding area. GPU Mitigation Measure AES-1 would require construction documents to include language that requires all construction contractors to strictly control the staging of construction equipment and the cleanliness of construction equipment stored or driven beyond the limits of the construction work area. Mitigation Measure AES-1 would require construction documents to include language requiring that construction vehicles be kept clean and free of mud and dust prior to leaving the development site. GPU Mitigation Measure AES-1 would also prohibit on-street parking of construction worker vehicles on residential streets. As such, GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AES-1 would be incorporated into construction documents to relieve the visual distractions typically associated with construction activities commonly encountered in developed areas. With implementation of GPU Mitigation Measure AES-1, impacts related to visual distractions related to construction would be less than significant. Therefore, the Project would not conflict with an applicable zoning regulation related to scenic quality. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 54 d) Create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.1-15 through 5.1-16 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. The GPU EIR determined that few significant changes are expected in the land use patterns in north and south of the City with implementation of GP future planned improvements, and any changes will continue to be governed by the land use regulations and development standards in the specific plans for these areas. As described above, the Project site is currently undeveloped and vacant. Additionally, the Project site is surrounded by sources of nighttime lighting that includes illumination from vehicle headlights along Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue, security lighting from adjacent uses, and from interior illumination from nearby residential homes passing through windows. Sensitive receptors relative to lighting and glare include residents, motorists, and pedestrians. The Project would introduce new sources of light from new building lighting, exterior lighting, interior lights shining through building windows, and headlights from nighttime vehicular trips generated from the Project. However, the proposed Project would be required to comply with lighting standards detailed in Section 30- 471 of the Fontana Municipal Code, which would require Project lighting to be controlled and shielded to prevent glare and undesirable illumination to on- and off-site residents, pedestrians and motorists (Regulatory Requirement (RR) AES-1). Additionally, lighting design must be compatible with the architectural style of related buildings (City of Fontana, 2018). With compliance with lighting provisions, impacts related to increased sources of light would be less than significant. Glare can emanate from many different sources, some of which include direct sunlight, sunlight reflecting from cars or buildings, and bright outdoor or indoor lighting. Glare in the Project vicinity is generated by building and vehicle windows reflecting light. However, there are no substantial buildings or structures near the Project site that presently generate substantial glare since most of the buildings are one or two-story structures that are constructed of non-reflective materials and are not surfaced with a substantial number of windows adjacent to one another that would create a large reflective area. The proposed building materials do not consist of highly reflective materials, lights would be shielded consistent with FDC requirements, and the proposed landscaping and walls along Project boundaries would screen sources of light and reduce the potential for glare. The proposed Project would create limited new sources of light or glare from security and site lighting but would not adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area given the similarity of the existing lighting in the surrounding urbanized environment. With implementation of the regulatory requirements, included as GPU RR AES-1, impacts related to light and glare would be less than significant. Conclusion With regards to the issue area of Aesthetics, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed by the GPU EIR. 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated by the GPU EIR. 4. A feasible mitigation measure contained within the GPU EIR (AES-1) would be applied to the Project. The mitigation measure, as detailed below, would require language in construction documents that all construction contractors to strictly control the staging of construction equipment and the cleanliness of construction equipment stored or driven beyond the limits of the construction work area. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 55 Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR) RR AES-1. Glare and Outdoor Lighting Standards. The Project is required to comply with Fontana Municipal Code Section 30-471 which requires light fixtures to be directed downward and shielded so that light and glare is confined within the boundaries of the Project site. GPU Goals and Policies GPU aesthetic resource related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following: Community and Neighborhoods Element Goal 4: Traditional and master-planned neighborhoods of single-family houses continue to thrive and attract family households. Policy: Continue to support existing traditional and master-planned neighborhoods with excellent City services. Goal 5: New housing developments are organized as walkable villages linked to citywide destinations. Policy: Support regulations that promote creation of compact and walkable urban village-style design in new developments. Goal 6: The safe, attractive, and lively central part of the city has new infill development and infrastructure and public realm improvements. Policy: Support revitalization of the central area of the city with an integrated approach including mixed - use development, infill housing, infrastructure improvements, interconnections, and placemaking programs. Land Use, Zoning and Urban Design Element Goal 2: Fontana development patterns support a high quality of life and economic prosperity. Policies: • Preserve and enhance stable residential neighborhoods. • Preserve land to achieve an interconnected network of environmentally sensitive areas, parks, multi-use paths, and recreation areas. Goal 7: Public and private development meets high design standards. Policy: Support high-quality development in design standards and in land use decisions. GPU EIR Mitigation Measures GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AES-1. For future development located in or immediately adjacent to residentially zoned properties, construction documents shall include language that requires all construction contractors to strictly control the staging of construction equipment and the cleanliness of construction equipment stored or driven beyond the limits of the construction work area. Construction equipment shall be parked and staged within the Project site to the extent practical. Staging areas shall be screened from view from residential properties with solid wood fencing or green fence. Construction worker parking may be located off-site with approval of the City; however, on-street parking of construction worker vehicles on residential streets shall be prohibited. Vehicles shall be kept clean and free of mud and dust before leaving the Project site. Surrounding streets shall be swept daily and maintained free of dirt and debris. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 56 5.2.AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY RESOURCES In determining whether impacts to agricultural resources are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to the California Agricultural Land Evaluation and Site Assessment Model (1997) prepared by the California Dept. of Conservation as an optional model to use in assessing impacts on agriculture and farmland. In determining whether impacts to forest resources, including timberland, are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to information compiled by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection regarding the state’s inventory of forest land, including the Forest and Range Assessment Project and the Forest Legacy Assessment Project; and forest carbon measurement methodology provided in Forest Protocols adopted by the California Air Resources Board. Would the Project: Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact a) Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance (Farmland), as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to non- agricultural use? b) Conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson Act contract? c) Conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land (as defined in Public Resources Code section 12220(g)), timberland (as defined by Public Resources Code section 4526), or timberland zoned Timberland Production (as defined by Government Code section 51104(g))? d) Result in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to non-forest use? e) Involve other changes in the existing environment which, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of Farmland, to non-agricultural use or conversion of forest land to non-forest use? 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 57 Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR The GPU EIR discussed impacts to agricultural resources on page 7-10. The GPU EIR discusses that the City’s Resource Area (OS-R) zoning district includes agricultural land, which accounts for approximately 332 acres (less than 2 percent) of the GPU area. However, the GP does not propose any changes to this land use or the associated zoning code. Additionally, the GPU EIR notes that no portion of the City is designated or zoned (or proposed to be designated or zoned) as forest land or timberland. Therefore, the GPU EIR determined that the GPU would have no impact related to agriculture and forestry resources. Project-Specific Impacts a) Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance, as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to non-agricultural use? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 7-10 and was found to have no significant impact. The Project site is not identified as Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland or Farmland of Statewide Importance by the California Department of Conservation’s California Important Farmland Finder Map. The Project site is identified as Urban and Built-up Land (California Department of Conservation, 2025). Therefore, given that the Project site is not identified for agricultural use, and that no Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland or Farmland of Statewide Importance has been identified within the Project site, implementation of the proposed Project would not convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance to non-agricultural use. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts on conversion of important farmland to non-agricultural use. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. b) Conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson Act contract? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 7-10 and was found to have no significant impact. According to the California Department of Conservation’s Williamson Act Enrollment Finder, the Project site is not under a Williamson Act Contract (California Department of Conservation, 2024). As identified above, the Project is consistent with the GP land use designation of WMXU-1 and zoning designation of FBC-Neighborhood District. Further, the Project site does not currently support agricultural uses, nor is it zoned specifically for agricultural uses. Therefore, the Project would not result in a conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use or a Williamson Act contract. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. c) Conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land (as defined in Public Resources Code section 12220(g)), timberland (as defined by Public Resources Code section 4526), or timberland zoned Timberland Production (as defined by Government Code section 51104(g))? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 7-10 and was found to have no significant impact because no portion of the City is designated or zoned as forest land or timberland. The Project site consists of undeveloped land that is vacant with some vegetation consisting of weeds and low grasses. No forest land exists on or adjacent to the Project site. The Project site is not zoned for forest land or timberland uses. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts related to conflicts with existing forest land or timberland zoning. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. d) Result in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to non-forest use? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 7-10 and was found to have no significant impact because no portion of the City is designated or zoned as forest land or timberland. The Project site 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 58 consists of undeveloped land that is vacant with some vegetation consisting of weeds and low grasses. No forest land exists on or adjacent to the Project site. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts related to conversion of forest land to non-forest use. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. e) Involve other changes in the existing environment which, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of Farmland to non-agricultural use or conversion of forest land to non-forest use? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 7-10 and was found to have no significant impact. As identified above, the Project site is not identified as Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland or Farmland of Statewide Importance by the California Department of Conservation’s California Important Farmland Finder Map (California Department of Conservation, 2025). The Project site has historically been used for agricultural purposes. However, the Project site has a GP land use designation of WMXU-1 and a zoning designation of FBC-Neighborhood District. The site does not contain forest land and is not designated or zoned for forest land. The proposed Project would not convert farmland to non-agricultural use or convert forest land to a non-forest use. Therefore, no impacts would occur, and the Project would not involve other changes in the existing environment which, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of farmland to non-agricultural use or conversion of forest land to non-forest use. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. Conclusion With regard to the issue area of agricultural and forestry resources, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the GPU EIR. 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated in the GPU EIR. 4. No mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR would be required because there are no Project specific impacts (no impact). Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR) None. GPU Goals and Policies None. GPU EIR Mitigation Measures None. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 59 5.3.AIR QUALITY Where available, the significance criteria established by the applicable air quality management district or air pollution control district may be relied upon to make the following determinations. Would the Project: Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan? b) Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the Project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard? c) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? d) Result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) affecting a substantial number of people? Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR The GPU EIR discussed air quality impacts on pages 5.2-1 through 5.2-36. The GPU EIR determined that the GP would result in less than significant impacts related to Air Quality with adherence to and compliance with the existing regulatory framework, and GPU goals and policies. Additionally, while the GPU EIR did not identify significant impacts related to Air Quality, GPU EIR Mitigation Measures AQ-1 through AQ-14 and AQ-20 through AQ-23 were included to be applied to future projects, as Best Management Practices. Project-Specific Impacts This section is based on the following document: • Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis, prepared October 2025, by EPD Solutions (EPD Solutions, Inc., 2025a), included as Appendix A. • Health Risk Assessment, prepared February 2026, by EPD Solutions (EPD Solutions, Inc., 2026), included as Appendix K. a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.2-19 through 5.2-21 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. The Project site is located in the South Coast Air Basin and is under the jurisdiction of the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD). The SCAQMD and the SCAG are responsible for preparing the 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 60 Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP), which addresses federal and state Clean Air Act (CAA) requirements. The AQMP details goals, policies, and programs for improving air quality in the Basin. In preparation of the AQMP, the SCAQMD and SCAG use regional growth projections to forecast, inventory, and allocate regional emissions from land use and development-related sources. For purposes of analyzing consistency with the AQMP, if a proposed project would result in growth that is substantially greater than what was anticipated, then the proposed project would conflict with the AQMP. On the other hand, if a project’s resulting growth is within the anticipated growth of a jurisdiction, its emissions would be consistent with the assumptions in the AQMP, and the project would not conflict with SCAQMD’s attainment plans (Consistency Criterion No. 1). While SCAG has updated the RTP/SCS to the Connect SoCal 2024, which provides growth and forecasting estimates for 2019 through 2050, this update was adopted after the 2022 AQMP. Therefore, the analysis below uses assumptions from the 2020-2045 RTP/SCS for consistency with the most recent AQMP. In addition, the SCAQMD considers a project consistent with the AQMP if the project would not result in an increase in the frequency or severity of existing air quality violations or cause a new violation (Consistency Criterion No. 2) As described previously, the Project site has a land use designation of WMXU-1, which allows for a variety of residential uses, and the site is zoned FBC-Neighborhood District. The WMXU-1 designation is intended to support compact, walkable, and transit-accessible development, including residential, commercial, and mixed-use projects. The proposed Project involves residential development at a density of 7.0 dwelling units per acre. This density is consistent with the residential development patterns supported by the WMXU -1 designation and aligns with the intent of the FBC–Neighborhood District, which emphasizes form, connectivity, and integration with surrounding uses over traditional density constraints. Therefore, the Project would be consistent with the site’s General Plan designation and zoning, subject to review and approval through the City’s standard entitlement process. The California Department of Finance (CDOF) data details that the City of Fontana had a residential population of 219,172 as of January 2025 (California Department of Finance, 2025). Based on the average household size of 3.73 persons per household, the proposed 37 residential units would result in an increase of approximately 138 new residents. While it is likely that future residents already live in the City, this analysis conservatively assumes all 138 future residents would move into the City. According to the 2020- 2045 RTP/SCS, the City is projected to add 2,088 new housing units by 2045, and SCAG growth forecasts estimate an increase of 75,500 persons between 2016 and 2045. The Project’s potential direct population growth (138 persons), therefore, represents a nominal portion of the City’s anticipated growth between 2016 and 2045. Further, the Project would also be consistent with the updated 2019-2050 SCAG RTP/SCS projected to add 22,200 new housing units by 2050, and SCAG growth forecasts estimate an increase of 1,004 persons between 2019 and 2050. Therefore, the Project would not induce substantial unplanned population growth and would not exceed the growth assumptions for the site. As such, the Project is consistent with Consistency Criterion 1 with the required approvals. As presented in Table AQ-1 and Table AQ-2 below, the construction and operation of the proposed Project would result in emissions that do not exceed any SCAQMD thresholds. Therefore, the proposed Project would be consistent with Criterion No. 2. Since the Project would be consistent with both Criterion No. 1 and 2, impacts related to consistency with the AQMP would be less than significant. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR, and the Project would result in no new impact. b) Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the Project region is non- attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard)? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.2-25 through 5.2-28 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 61 The Basin is in non-attainment status for federal ozone standards, and State and federal particulate matter standards. The Basin is designated as a maintenance area for federal PM10 standards. Any development in the Basin, including the proposed Project could cumulatively contribute to these pollutant violations. Evaluation of the cumulative air quality impacts of the proposed Project has been completed pursuant to the SCAQMD’s cumulative air quality impact methodology. The SCAQMD states that if an individual project results in air emissions of criteria pollutants (reactive organic gases [ROG], carbon monoxide [CO], nitrogen oxides [NOx], sulfur dioxide [SOx], particulate matter with a diameter of 10 micrometers or less [PM 10], and particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less [PM2.5]) that exceed the SCAQMD’s recommended daily thresholds for project-specific impacts, then it would also result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of the criteria pollutant(s) for which the Project region is in non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard. The SCAQMD has established daily mass thresholds for regional pollutant emissions, which are shown in Table AQ-1. Table AQ-1: SCAQMD Regional Daily Emissions Thresholds Air Pollutant Maximum Daily Emissions (pounds/day) Construction Operation NOx 100 55 ROG 75 55 PM10 150 150 PM2.5 55 55 SOx 150 150 CO 550 550 Lead 3 3 Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A) Construction Construction activities associated with the proposed Project would generate pollutant emissions from the following: (1) site preparation, (2) grading, (3) building construction, (4) paving, and (5) architectural coating. The amount of emissions generated on a daily basis would vary, depending on the intensity and types of construction activities occurring. It is mandatory for all construction projects to comply with several SCAQMD Rules, including Rule 403 for controlling fugitive dust, PM10, and PM2.5 emissions from construction activities. Rule 403 requirements include, but are not limited to, applying water in sufficient quantities to prevent the generation of visible dust plumes, applying soil binders to uncovered areas, reestablishing ground cover as quickly as possible, utilizing a wheel washing system to remove bulk material from tires and vehicle undercarriages before vehicles exit the Project site, covering all trucks hauling soil with a fabric cover and maintaining a minimum freeboard height of 12 inches, and maintaining effective cover over exposed areas. Compliance with Rules 403 and 1113 was accounted for in the construction emissions modeling. As shown in Table AQ-2 below, construction emissions generated by the proposed Project would not exceed SCAQMD regional thresholds. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts related to regional construction related air quality emissions. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 62 Table AQ-2: Regional Project Construction Emission Estimates Construction Year Maximum Daily Regional Emissions (pounds/day) ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5 Year 1 (2026) 3.83 34.61 31.01 0.05 7.43 4.31 Year 2 (2027) 22.24 10.17 14.04 0.03 0.36 0.34 Maximum Daily Emissions (2026-2027) 22.24 34.61 31.01 0.05 7.43 4.31 SCAQMD Thresholds 75 100 550 150 150 55 Threshold Exceeded? No No No No No No Notes: ROG = reactive organic gases, NOx = nitrogen oxides, CO = carbon monoxide, SO2 = sulfur dioxide, PM10 = particulate matter 10 microns in diameter, PM2.5 = particulate matter 2.5 microns in diameter Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A) Operation Implementation of the proposed Project would result in long-term emissions of criteria air pollutants from area sources generated by the proposed residential uses, such as vehicular emissions, natural gas consumption, landscaping, applications of architectural coatings, and use of consumer products. The emissions from the proposed Project are primarily from vehicle trips. Operational emissions associated with the proposed Project were modeled using CalEEMod and are presented in Table AQ-3. As shown, the emissions generated from the Project would not exceed the SCAQMD’s applicable thresholds. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts related to operational air quality emissions. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. Table AQ-3: Regional Project Operational Emissions Operational Activity Maximum Daily Regional Emissions (pounds/day) ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5 Mobile 1.22 1.03 9.09 0.02 1.97 0.51 Area 1.67 0.02 2.13 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Energy <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Total Operational Emissions 2.89 1.05 11.22 0.02 1.97 0.51 SCAQMD Significance Thresholds 55 55 550 150 150 55 Threshold Exceeded? No No No No No No Notes: ROG = reactive organic gases, NOx = nitrogen oxides, CO = carbon monoxide, SO2 = sulfur dioxide, PM10 = particulate matter 10 microns in diameter, PM2.5 = particulate matter 2.5 microns in diameter Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A) c) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.2-28 through 5.2-30 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 63 The SCAQMD’s Final Localized Significance Threshold Methodology recommends the evaluation of localized NOx, CO, PM10, and PM2.5 construction-related impacts to sensitive receptors in the immediate vicinity of the Project site. Such an evaluation is referred to as a localized significance threshold (LST) analysis. According to the SCAQMD’s Final Localized Significance Threshold Methodology, “off-site mobile emissions from the Project should not be included in the emissions compared to the LSTs” (Appendix A). SCAQMD has developed LSTs that represent the maximum emissions from a Project that are not expected to cause or contribute to an exceedance of the most stringent applicable federal or state ambient air quality standards, and thus would not cause or contribute to localized air quality impacts. LSTs are developed based on the ambient concentrations of NOx, CO, PM10, and PM2.5 pollutants for each of the 38 source receptor areas (SRAs) in the Basin. The Project is located within SRA 34, Central San Bernardino Valley. Sensitive receptors can include residences, schools, playgrounds, childcare centers, athletic facilities. There are existing homes directly adjacent to the northern and southern boundary of the Project site. The localized thresholds for development projects were derived using the SCAQMD Fact Sheet for Applying CalEEMod to Localized Significance Threshold as identified in Appendix A. The thresholds from SCAQMD are for one-, two-, or five-acre sites, and distances of sensitive receptors for 25 to 500 meters. The closest sensitive receptor from the proposed Project is a residence directly adjacent to the southern boundary of the site; therefore, the distance for sensitive receptors in the assessment was set at 25 meters. Construction Construction of the proposed Project may expose nearby residential sensitive receptors to airborne particulates as well as a small quantity of construction equipment pollutants (i.e., usually diesel-fueled vehicles and equipment). However, construction contractors would be required to implement measures to reduce or eliminate emissions by following SCAQMD’s standard construction practices Rule 402 requires implementation of dust suppression techniques to prevent fugitive dust from creating a nuisance off-site. Rule 403 requires that fugitive dust be controlled with best available control measures so that the presence of such dust does not remain visible in the atmosphere beyond the property line of the emission source. As shown in Table AQ-4, Project construction-source emissions would not exceed SCAQMD LST thresholds and impacts would be less than significant. Table AQ-4: Localized Construction Emission Estimates Construction Activity Maximum Daily Localized Emissions (pounds/day) NOx CO PM10 PM2.5 2026 (Year 1) Site Preparation 34.61 31.01 7.43 4.31 Grading 19.06 19.09 3.30 1.89 Building Construction 10.67 14.07 0.41 0.38 Maximum On-Site Emissions (2026) 34.61 31.01 7.43 4.31 2027 (Year 2) Building Construction 10.17 14.04 0.36 0.34 Paving 7.77 10.60 0.33 0.30 Architectural Coating 1.11 1.50 0.03 0.02 Maximum On-Site Emissions (2027) 10.17 14.04 0.36 0.34 Maximum Daily Emissions (2026-2027) 34.61 31.01 7.43 4.31 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 64 Construction Activity Maximum Daily Localized Emissions (pounds/day) NOx CO PM10 PM2.5 SCAQMD Screening Thresholds 220.00 1359.00 10.50 6.00 Threshold Exceeded? No No No No Notes: NOx = nitrogen oxides, CO = carbon monoxide, PM10 = particulate matter 10 microns in diameter, PM2.5 = particulate matter 2.5 microns in diameter. Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A). Construction Health Risk Assessment A Construction Health Risk Assessment (HRA), included as Appendix K, was prepared to evaluate the potential health impacts to sensitive receptors from the construction of the proposed Project (EPD Solutions Inc., 2026). The HRA focuses on the emissions of DPM from the operation of the heavy-duty diesel vehicles and off-road construction equipment that would be utilized for the construction of the proposed Project. DPM has been specifically identified by CARB as a carcinogenic substance that is responsible for nearly 70 percent of the airborne cancer risk in California. Since DPM is most routinely emitted, the estimated health risk impacts have been compared to the health risk significance thresholds recommended by the SCAQMD for use in CEQA assessments of 10 persons per million for cancer risk and a health index of 1.0 for non- cancer health risks due to DPM exposure. Table 5-5 presents a summary of the cancer risks and chronic non-cancer hazards resulting from the proposed Project's construction DPM emissions along with the SCAQMD health risk significance thresholds. As shown, the maximum cancer risk would be 1.03 in one million, which would not exceed the SCAQMD cancer risk threshold of 10 in one million. The maximum non-cancer health risks would be less than 0.01, which is below the threshold of 1.0. Thus, the Project would have a less than significant impact related to cancer risk and less-than-significant impact related to non-cancer health risks. Table AQ-5: Project Construction Health Risk Receptor Cancer Risk (per million) Exceeds Significance Threshold? Maximum Lifetime Proposed Project Risk Significance Threshold Maximum Impacted Sensitive Receptor – Infant to 1.26 years 1.03 10 No Maximum Impacted Sensitive Receptor – Adult (1.26 years) 0.03 10 No Maximum Impacted Sensitive Receptor – School (1.26 years) 0.06 10 No Maximum Impacted Worker Receptor (1.26 years) <0.01 10 No Receptor Chronic Non-Cancer Hazard Index Exceeds Significance Threshold? Maximum Lifetime Proposed Project Risk Significance Threshold Maximum Impacted Sensitive Receptor – Infant to Adult (1.26 years) <0.01 1.0 No Maximum Impacted Sensitive Receptor – Adult (1.26 years) <0.01 1.0 No 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 65 Maximum Impacted Sensitive Receptor – School (1.26 years) <0.01 1.0 No Maximum Impacted Worker Receptor (1.26 years) <0.01 1.0 No Source: EPD Solutions, Inc., 2026 (Appendix K) Operation According to the SCAQMD LST methodology, LSTs apply to project-related stationary mobile sources. Projects that involve mobile sources that spend long periods queuing and idling at a site, such as transfer facilities or warehousing and distribution buildings, have the potential to exceed the operational LSTs. The Project would operate as a residential community, which does not typically involve diesel vehicles regularly idling or queueing for long periods. Therefore, due to the lack of significant stationary source emissions or idling diesel-powered vehicles, impacts related to operational LSTs would be less than significant (Appendix A). Therefore, the Project would not expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollution concentrations and no new impact would occur. d) Result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely affecting a substantial number of people? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.2-30-5.2-31 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. The proposed Project would develop the site with residential uses that do not involve the types of uses that would emit objectionable odors affecting a substantial number of people. In addition, odors generated by non-residential land uses are required to be in compliance with SCAQMD Rule 402, which would prevent nuisance odors. During construction, emissions from construction equipment, architectural coatings, and paving activities may generate odors. However, these odors would be temporary, intermittent in nature, and would not affect a substantial number of people. The noxious odors would be confined to the immediate vicinity of the construction equipment. Also, the short-term construction-related odors would cease upon the drying or hardening of the odor-producing materials. Therefore, development pursuant to the proposed Project would not result in any substantial impacts related to odor. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts on other emissions affecting a substantial number of people. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. Conclusion With regard to the issue area of Air Quality, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the GPU EIR. 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated in the GPU EIR. 4. Feasible mitigation measures within the GPU EIR (AQ-1 through AQ-14 and AQ-20 through AQ-23) and SCAQMD rules and regulations would be applied to the Project. Though the Project-specific impacts are already less than significant these mitigation measures and regulations, detailed below, provide protection for air quality and would further reduce Project-specific air quality emissions. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 66 Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR) All projects are subject to SCAQMD rules and regulations. Specific rules applicable to the proposed Project include the following: Rule 402 – Nuisance. A person shall not discharge from any source whatsoever such quantities of air contaminants or other material that cause injury, detriment, nuisance, or annoyance to any considerable number of persons or to the public, or that endanger the comfort, repose , health, or safety of any such persons or the public, or that cause, or have a natural tendency to cause, injury or damage to business or property. The provisions of this rule do not apply to odors emanating from agricultural operations necessary for the growing of crops or the raising of fowl or animals. Rule 403 – Fugitive Dust. SCAQMD Rule 403 governs emissions of fugitive dust during and after construction. Compliance with this rule is achieved through application of standard Best Management Practices, such as application of water or chemical stabilizers to disturbed soils, covering haul vehicles, restricting vehicle speeds on unpaved roads to 15 miles per hour, sweeping loose dirt from paved site access roadways, cessation of construction activity when winds exceed 25 mph, and establishing a permanent ground cover on finished sites. Rule 403 requires project applicants to control fugitive dust using the best available control measures such that dust does not remain visible in the atmosphere beyond the property line of the emission source. In addition, Rule 403 requires implementation of dust suppression techniques to prevent fugitive dust from creating an off-site nuisance. Applicable Rule 403 dust suppression (and PM10 generation) techniques to reduce impacts on nearby sensitive receptors may include, but are not limited to, the following: • Apply nontoxic chemical soil stabilizers according to manufacturers’ specifications to all inactive construction areas (previously graded areas inactive for 10 days or more). • Water active sites at least three times daily. Locations where grading is to occur shall be thoroughly watered prior to earthmoving. • Cover all trucks hauling dirt, sand, soil, or other loose materials, or maintain at least 0.6 meters (2 feet) of freeboard (vertical space between the top of the load and top of the trailer) in accordance with the requirements of California Vehicle Code Section 23114. • Reduce traffic speeds on all unpaved roads to 15 miles per hour (mph) or less. • Suspend all grading activities when wind speeds (including instantaneous wind gusts) exceed 25 mph. • Provide bumper strips or similar best management practices where vehicles enter and exit the construction site onto paved roads, or wash off trucks and any equipment leaving the site each trip. • Replant disturbed areas as soon as practical. • Sweep onsite streets (and off-site streets if silt is carried to adjacent public thoroughfares) to reduce the amount of particulate matter on public streets. All sweepers shall be compliant with SCAQMD Rule 1186.1, Less Polluting Sweepers. Rule 481 – Spray Coating. This rule applies to all spray painting and spray coating operations and equipment and states that a person shall not use or operate any spray painting or spray coating equipment unless one of the following conditions is met: • The spray coating equipment is operated inside a control enclosure, which is approved by the Executive Officer. Any control enclosure for which an application for permit for new construction, alteration, or change of ownership or location is submitted after the date of adoption of this rule shall be exhausted only through filters at a design face velocity not less than 100 feet per minute nor greater than 300 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 67 feet per minute, or through a water wash system designed to be equally effective for the purpose of air pollution control. • Coatings are applied with high-volume low-pressure, electrostatic and/or airless spray equipment. • An alternative method of coating application or control is used which has effectiveness equal to or greater than the equipment specified in the rule. Rule 1108 – Volatile Organic Compounds. This rule governs the sale, use, and manufacturing of asphalt and limits the volatile organic compound (VOC) content in asphalt used in the Basin. This rule also regulates the VOC content of asphalt used during construction. Therefore, all asphalt used dur ing construction of the Project must comply with SCAQMD Rule 1108. Rule 1113 – Architectural Coatings. No person shall apply or solicit the application of any architectural coating within the SCAQMD with VOC content in excess of the values specified in a table incorporated in the Rule. GPU Goals and Policies Community, Mobility and Circulation Element Goal 7: The City of Fontana participates in shaping regional transportation policies to reduce traffic congestion and greenhouse gas emissions. Policies: • Lead and participate in initiatives to manage regional traffic. • Coordinate with regional agencies and Caltrans to participate in regional efforts to maintain transportation infrastructure in Fontana. • Participate in the efforts of the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) to coordinate transportation planning and services that support greenhouse gas reductions. • Participate in the efforts by Caltrans to reduce congestion and improve traffic flow on area freeways. GPU EIR Mitigation Measures GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-1: In order to reduce future Project-related air pollutant emissions and promote sustainability through conservation of energy and other natural resources, building and site plan designs shall ensure the Project energy efficiencies surpass (exceed) applicable (2016) California Title 24 Energy Efficiency Standards by a minimum of 5%. Verification of increased energy efficiencies shall be documented in Title 24 Compliance Reports provided by the applicant/developer and reviewed and approved by the City of Fontana prior to the issuance of the first building permit. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-2: To reduce energy demand associated with potable water conveyance, future projects shall implement the following, as applicable: • Landscaping palette emphasizing drought tolerant plants • Use of water-efficient irrigation techniques U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Certified • WaterSense equivalent faucets, high efficiency toilets, and water-conserving shower heads. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-3: Future projects shall comply with applicable provisions of state law, including the California Green Standards Code (Part 11 of Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations). GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-4: The applicant/developer shall encourage its tenants to use alternative- fueled vehicles such as compressed natural gas vehicles, electric vehicles, or other alternative fuels by providing publicly available information from the Southern California Air Quality Management District 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 68 (SCAQMD), California Air Resources Board (GARB), and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on alternative fuel technologies. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-6: The applicant/developer shall encourage its tenants to use water- based or low volatile organic compound (VOC) cleaning products by providing publicly available information from the Southern California Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD), California Air Resources Board (CARB), and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on such cleaning products. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-8: In the event that any off-site utility and/or infrastructure improvements are required as a direct result of future projects, construction of such off-site utility and infrastructure improvements shall not occur concurrently with the demolition, site preparation, and grading phases of Project construction. This requirement shall be clearly noted on all applicable grading and/or building plans. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-9: All construction equipment shall be maintained in good operation condition so as to reduce emissions. The construction contractor shall ensure that all construction equipment is being properly serviced and maintained as per the manufacturer’s specification. Maintenance records shall be available at the construction site for City of Fontana verification. The following additional measures, as determined applicable by the City Engineer, shall be included as conditions of the Grading Permit issuance: • Provide temporary traffic controls such as a flag person, during all phases of construction to maintain smooth traffic flow. • Provide dedicated turn lanes for movement of construction trucks and equipment on- and off-site. • Reroute construction trucks away from congested streets or sensitive receptor areas. • Appoint a construction relations officer to act as a community liaison concerning on-site construction activity including resolution of issues related to PM10 generation. • Improve traffic flow by signal synchronization and ensure that all vehicles and equipment will be properly tuned and maintained according to manufacturers’ specifications. • Require the use of 2010 and newer diesel haul trucks (e.g., material delivery trucks and soil import/export). If the lead agency determines that 2010 model year or newer diesel trucks cannot be obtained the lead agency shall use trucks that meet EPA 2007 model year NOX and PM emissions requirements. • During Project construction, all internal combustion engines/construction equipment operating on the Project site shall meet EPA-Certified Tier 3 emissions standards, or higher according to the following: o January I, 2012, to December 31, 2014: All off-road diesel-powered construction equipment greater than 50 hp shall meet Tier 3 off-road emissions standards. In addition, all construction equipment shall be outfitted with BACT devices certified by CARB. Any emissions control device used by the contractor shall achieve emissions reductions that are no less than what could be achieved by a Level 3 diesel emissions control strategy for a similarly sized engine as defined by CARB regulations. o Post-January 1, 2015: All off-road diesel-powered construction equipment greater than 50 hp shall meet the Tier 4 emission standards, where available. In addition, all construction equipment shall be outfitted with BACT devices certified by CARB. Any emissions control device used by the contractor shall achieve emissions reductions that are no less than what could be achieved. by a Level 3 diesel emissions control strategy for similarly sized engine as defined by CARB regulations. o A copy of each unit’s certified tier specification, BACT documentation, and CARB or SCAQMD operating permit shall be provided at the time of mobilization of each applicable unit of equipment. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-10: Prior to the issuance of any grading permits, all Applicants shall submit construction plans to the City of Fontana denoting the proposed schedule and projected equipment use. Construction contractors shall provide evidence that low-emission mobile construction equipment will be 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 69 utilized, or that their use was investigated and found to be infeasible for the Project. Contractors shall also conform to any construction measures imposed by the SCAQMD as well as City Planning Staff. GPU Mitigation Measure AQ-11: All paints and coatings shall meet or exceed performance standards noted in SCAQMD Rule 1113. Specifically, the following measures shall be implemented, as feasible: • Use coatings and solvents with a VOC content lower than that required under AQMD Rule 1113. • Construct or build with materials that do not require painting. • Require the use of pre-painted construction materials. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-12: Projects that result in the construction of more than 19 single-family residential units, 40 multifamily residential units, or 45,000 square feet of retail/commercial/industrial space shall be required to apply paints either by hand or high volume, low pressure (HVLP) spray. These measures may reduce volatile organic compounds (VOC) associated with the application of paints and coatings by an estimated 60 to 75 percent. Alternatively, the contractor may specify the use of low volatility paints and coatings. Several of currently available primers have VOC contents of less than 0.85 pounds per gallon (e.g., Dulux professional exterior primer 100 percent acrylic). Top coats can be less than 0.07 pounds per gallon (8 grams per liter) (e.g., Lifemaster 2000-series). This latter measure would reduce these VOC emissions by more than 70 percent. Larger projects should incorporate both the use of HVLP or hand application and the requirement for low volatility coatings. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-13: All asphalt shall meet or exceed performance standards noted in SCAQMD Rule 1108. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-14: Prior to the issuance of grading permits or approval of grading plans for future development projects within the Project area, future developments shall include a dust control plan as part of the construction contract standard specifications. The dust control plan shall include measures to meet the requirements of SCAQMD Rules 402 and 403. Such measures may include, but are not limited to, the following: • Phase and schedule activities to avoid high-ozone days and first-stage smog alerts. • Discontinue operation during second-stage smog alerts. • All haul trucks shall be covered prior to leaving the site to prevent dust from impacting the surrounding areas. • Comply with AQMD Rule 403, particularly to minimize fugitive dust and noise to surrounding areas. • Moisten soil each day prior to commencing grading to depth of soil cut. • Water exposed surfaces at least twice a day under calm conditions, and as often as needed on windy days or during very dry weather in order to maintain a surface crust and minimize the release of visible emissions from the construction site. • Treat any area that will be exposed for extended periods with a soil conditioner to stabilize soil or temporarily plant with vegetation. • Wash mud-covered tires and under carriages of trucks leaving construction sites. • Provide for street sweeping, as needed, on adjacent roadways to remove dirt dropped by construction vehicles or mud, which would otherwise be carried off by trucks departing project sites. • Securely cover all loads of fill coming to the site with a tight-fitting tarp. • Cease grading during periods when winds exceed 25 miles per hour. • Provide for permanent sealing of all graded areas, as applicable, at the earliest practicable time after soil disturbance. • Use low-sulfur diesel fuel in all equipment. • Use electric equipment whenever practicable. • Shut off engines when not in use. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 70 GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-20: All residential and commercial structures shall be required to incorporate high efficiency/low polluting heating, air conditioning, appliances, and water heaters. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-21: All residential and commercial structures shall be required to incorporate thermal pane windows and weather-stripping. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-22: All residential, commercial, and industrial structures shall be required to incorporate light colored roofing materials. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-23: Prior to approval of future development projects within the Project area, the City of Fontana shall conduct Project-level environmental review to determine potential vehicle emission impacts associated with the Project(s). Mitigation measures shall be developed for each project as it is considered to mitigate potentially significant impacts to the extent feasible. Potential mitigation measures may require that facilities with over 250 employees (full or part time employees at a worksite for a consecutive six-month period calculated as a monthly average), as required by the Air Quality Management Plan, implement Transportation Demand Management (TDM) programs. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure AQ-23 has been satisfied through a report that was prepared pursuant to these requirements. The report is included as Appendix A. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 71 5.4. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES Would the Project: Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, regulations or by the California Department of Fish and Game or US Fish and Wildlife Service? c) Have a substantial adverse effect on state or federally protected wetlands (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means? d) Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites? e) Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance? f) Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan? 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 72 Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR The GPU EIR discussed impacts to biological resources on pages 5.3-1 through 5.3-53. The GPU EIR describes that the City’s biological resources occur in its outskirts, in areas free from large-scale development. These areas include the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains and the Jurupa Hills which are not in the vicinity of the Project site. The GPU EIR determined impacts related to biological resources would be less than significant with implementation of applicable GPU EIR Mitigation Measures (BIO-1 through BIO-10) and compliance with goals and policies in the GPU and Fontana Municipal Code. Project-Specific Impacts This section is based on the following document: • General Biological Assessment (GBA) prepared May 2025, by Hernandez Environmental Services (Hernandez Environmental Services, 2025), included as Appendix B. a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.3-47 and 5.3-48 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with implementation of mitigation measures. Page 5.3-51 of the GPU EIR noted individual development projects would require individual assessments of potential Project-specific impacts to biological resources and if necessary, Project-specific mitigation would be recommended to reduce potential impacts to a less than significant level. As discussed on page 5.3-47 of the GPU EIR, two sensitive plant species have been documented within the City of Fontana: Plummer’s mariposa lily and Parry’s spineflower. It was also determined that there is a moderate potential for an additional three sensitive plant species to occur within City limits: mesa horkelia, Robinson’s pepper-grass, and short-joint beavertail. Further, page 5.3-47 of the GPU EIR describes that 13 sensitive wildlife species are known to regularly occur within the City of Fontana boundaries. These include: DSF, coast horned lizard, Cooper’s hawk, southern California rufous-crowned sparrow, golden eagle, Bell’s sparrow, burrowing owl, northern harrier, California horned lark, loggerhead shrike, coastal California gnatcatcher, northwestern San Diego pocket mouse, and Los Angeles pocket mouse. Consistent with GPU EIR MM BIO-3 and MM BIO-7, a General Biological Assessment (GBA) was prepared for the proposed Project by Hernandez Environmental Services in May 2025 (included as Appendix B), which included a field survey, literature review, and records search. The GBA identified that the site is heavily disturbed by non-native plant species and very few native species. A total of 18 plant species were observed within the Project site, none of which were identified as being special-status species. As such, there would be no impacts to sensitive plant species. In addition, a total of six wildlife species were observed during the field survey, none of which were identified as a special status wildlife species. Because none of the documented species listed in the GPU EIR were observed during the field survey and because the site does not provide suitable habitat for the documented species, impacts would be less than significant. The GPU EIR, however, determined that burrowing owls are a species of concern that are known to occur throughout the City on disturbed, vacant, or agricultural lands. As such, future development projects are required to have a qualified biologist conduct a pre-construction survey to determine the presence or absence of burrowing owl within the proposed area of impact, as described in GPU EIR MM BIO -1. If occupied burrows or owls are discovered during the survey, they shall not be removed during nesting season (February 1 through August 31), unless a qualified biologist has determined there are no owls or eggs present. Further, removal shall occur only under the supervision of the qualified biologist. Additionally, GPU 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 73 EIR MM BIO-8 and BIO-9 have been included which would be implemented to require regulatory agency consultation as needed if burrowing owls are discovered. Thus, with the implementation of GPU EIR MM BIO- 1, BIO-3, BIO-7, BIO-8 and BIO-9, impacts to burrowing owls would be less than significant. Therefore, Project impacts to candidate, sensitive, or special status species would be less than significant, and no new impacts would occur. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.3-48 and was determined to have no impact. As discussed on page 5.3-48 of the GPU EIR, the CNDDB identified five sensitive natural communities within the City of Fontana consisting of: California Walnut Woodland, Coastal and Valley Freshwater Marsh, RAFSS, Southern Riparian Forest, and Southern Sycamore Alder Riparian Woodland. However, these communities all occur within portions of the San Gabriel Mountains foothills and Jurupa Hills to the north and south of the City which is outside of the Project boundary. As previously mentioned, the Project site consists of vacant, disturbed land and does not include any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts on riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. c) Have a substantial adverse effect on state or federally protected wetlands (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.3-49 and was determined to have no impact. As discussed above, the Project site consists of vacant, disturbed land. According to the GBA, no drainage, riparian, riverine, or wetlands were identified on-site (Appendix B). Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts to state or federally protected wetlands. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR, and no new impact would occur. d) Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.3-49 and was determined to have no impact. The Project site consists of vacant, disturbed land and does not contain established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors and is not used as a native wildlife nursery site. Additionally, the GPU EIR determined that wildlife movement in the City of Fontana is limited to an east-west orientation along the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains north of I-15. The Project site is not located along or in the vicinity of the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains thus the Project would not impact wildlife movement. Further, the surrounding area is developed and urban. There are no rivers, creeks, or open drainages near the site that could function as a wildlife corridor. Thus, implementation of the Project would not result no new impacts related to wildlife movement or wildlife corridors. However, as discussed above, the Project site there are existing shrubs on the site that have the potential to provide habitat for nesting migratory birds. However, the proposed Project would be required to comply with the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) which prohibits the take of nesting birds. Thus, the Project would implement GPU EIR MM BIO-2 which would require pre-construction nesting bird surveys to be conducted 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 74 prior to ground disturbing activities if construction occurs during the nesting bird season. Therefore, with implementation of GPU EIR MM BIO-2, potential impacts related to nesting birds would be less than significant. As such, no new impact to native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species, migratory wildlife corridors, or wildlife nursery sites would occur and the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR. e) Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.3-49 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. The GPU EIR determined that all development allowed by GPU would be required to comply with GPU policies and existing City policies. The City of Fontana’s Preservation of Heritage, Significant and Specimen Trees Ordinance requires a tree removal permit for any heritage, significant and specimen trees as listed in the Fontana Municipal Code Chapter 28-64. The GBA identified three ornamental trees on-site consisting of a lemon tree, white lead tree, and a Manilla tamarind (Appendix B). However, none of the existing trees on-site are considered heritage, significant, or specimen trees. While existing trees are not of significance, all trees scheduled for removal would be required to be evaluated by a City-approved biologist for roosting bats, in compliance with GPU EIR MM BIO-4. If a roost is present the biologist will develop a plan to minimize impacts to the bats to the greatest extent feasible (GPU EIR MM BIO-4). With implementation of GPU EIR MM BIO-4, the proposed Project would not conflict with local polices or ordinances protecting trees and biological resources and no new impact would occur. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. f) Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.3-49 and was determined to have no impact. The Project site is not located within a Habitat Conservation Plan (HCP). In 2004, the City of Fontana commissioned a Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan (MSHCP) for the northern part of Fontana, along the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains to address impacts to sensitive species. The Project site is not located along or is in the vicinity of the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts to habitat conservation plans. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. Conclusion With regards to the issue area of biological resources, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the GPU EIR. 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated in the GPU EIR. 4. Mitigation measures within the GPU EIR (BIO-1 through BIO-4 and BIO-7 through BIO-9) would be applied to the Project. These mitigation measures and regulations, detailed below, provide protection for biological resources. Project specific impacts are less than significant. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 75 Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR) RR BIO-1. MBTA Compliance: Migratory non-game native bird species are protected under the federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA). Additionally, Sections 3503, 3503.5, and 3513 of the California Fish and Game Code prohibit the take of all birds and their active nests. GPU Goals and Policies GPU biological resource related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following: Conservation, Open Space, Parks and Trails Element Goal 1: Fontana continues to preserve sensitive natural open space in the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains and Jurupa Hills. Policy: Consider permanent protection for sensitive foothill lands through potential partnership with conservation organizations or acquisition and deed restrictions. GPU EIR Mitigation Measures The GPU EIR mitigation measures that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following: GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-1. 1. Prior to initial grading or clearing of areas of suitable habitat within the Planning Area (e.g., a vacant site with a landscape of grassland or low-growing, arid scrub vegetation or agricultural use or vegetation), a qualified biologist shall conduct a pre-construction survey, in accordance with the CDFG Staff Report on Burrowing Owl Mitigation, to determine the presence or absence of burrowing owl within the proposed area of impact. 2. Results of surveys, including mitigation recommendations (i.e., a Burrowing Owl Mitigation and Monitoring Report) shall be incorporated into the Project-level CEQA compliance documentation. 3. Construction grading/clearing of areas of suitable habitat should occur between September 1 and January 31 to avoid impacts to breeding owls. If occupied burrows are discovered, they shall not be removed during nesting season (February 1 through August 31), unless a qualified biologist can determine that either the owls have not laid eggs or are incubating eggs, or that any young from the burrows are able to forage independently. If initial grading is scheduled to occur during nesting season, the following measures shall be implemented. 4. If removal of occupied burrows is necessary, passive relocation outside of nesting season shall be implemented under the supervision of the qualified biologist. This shall include covering/excavation of burrows and installation of one-way doors as necessary. One-way doors will allow owls inside the burrow to exit but not allow them to re-enter. The biologist shall wait a minimum of one week before the burrow may be excavated to allow the owls time to leave the area. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-2. To avoid impacts to nesting birds and to comply with the MBTA, clearing of vegetation and removal of trees should occur between non-nesting (or non-breeding) season for birds (generally, September 1 to January 31). If this avoidance schedule is not feasible, the alternative is to carry out such activities under the supervision of a qualified biologist. This shall entail the following: 1. A qualified biologist shall conduct a pre-construction nesting bird survey no more than 14 days prior to initiating ground disturbance activities. The survey will consist of full coverage of the proposed disturbance limits and up to a 500-foot buffer area, determined by the biologist and taking into account the species nesting in the 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 76 area and the habitat present. 2. If no active nests are found, no additional measures are required. 3. If “occupied” nests are found, their locations shall be mapped, species documented, and, to the degree feasible, the status of the nest (e.g., incubation of eggs, feeding of young, near fledging) recorded. The biologist shall establish a no-disturbance buffer around each active nest. The buffer area will be determined by the biologist based on the species present, surrounding habitat, and type of construction activities proposed in the area. 4. No construction or ground disturbance activities shall be conducted within the buffer until the biologist has determined the nest is no longer active and has informed the construction supervisor that activities may resume. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-3. The City of Fontana Planning Division shall require that all future project applicants prepare a Biological Assessment in conjunction with a Project-level analysis. The Biological Assessment shall include a vegetation map of the proposed Project area, analysis of the impacts associated with plant and animal species and habitats, and conduct habitat evaluations for burrowing owl, Delhi Sands flower-loving fly, San Diego pocket mouse, western mastiff bat, western yellow bat, and San Diego desert woodrat. If any of these special are determined to be present, then coordination with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and/or California Department of Fish and Game shall be concluded to determine what, if any, permits or clearances are required prior to development. Each Project-level Biological Assessment shall include an analysis of potential impacts to rare plants and rare natural communities in accordance with the California Department of Fish and Game’s November 2009 guidance for Protocols for Surveying and Evaluating Impacts to Special Status Native Plant Populations and Natural Communities. For those projects located in the Delhi Sands flower-loving fly Recovery Unit, the Project-level Biological Assessment shall include focused surveys. The Biological Assessment shall prescribe actions necessary to mitigate the impacts identified for a particular Project. Such actions shall include either avoidance of a sensitive resource, or payment of in-lieu fees that shall be used to purchase off-site replacement habitat. In instances where transplantation/relocation, off-site preservation, or fee payment is selected, habitat mitigation ratios shall be a minimum of 1:1, unless a greater ratio is required by a state or federal wildlife agency. The requirements of the Biological Assessment shall be a condition of approval of the individual development Project. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-3 has been satisfied through the General Biological Assessment prepared by Hernandez Environmental Services in May 2025. The report is included as Appendix B. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-4. Prior to any ground disturbance, trees scheduled for removal shall be evaluated by a City-approved biologist for roosting bats. If a roost is present the biologist will develop a plan to minimize impacts to the bats to the greatest extent feasible. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-7. Local CEQA procedures shall be applied to identify potential impacts to rare, threatened, and endangered species. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-7 has been satisfied through the General Biological Assessment prepared by Hernandez Environmental Services in May 2025, which determined that rare, threatened, and endangered species would not be impacted. The report is included as Appendix B. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-8. Evidence of satisfactory compliance shall be provided by Project Applicant with any required State and/or Federal permits, prior to issuance of grading permits for individual projects. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-8 has been satisfied through the General Biological Assessment prepared by Hernandez Environmental Services in May 2025, which determined that due to the lack of impacts on State and/or Federal resources, the Project would not be subject to any State and/or Federal permits related to biological resources. The report is included as Appendix B. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 77 GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-9. Any development that results in the potential take or substantial loss of occupied habitat for any threatened or endangered species shall conduct formal consultation with the appropriate regulatory agency and shall implement required mitigation pursuant to applicable protocols. Consultation shall be on a project-by-project basis and measures shall be negotiated independently for each development project. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure BIO-9 has been satisfied through the General Biological Assessment prepared by Hernandez Environmental Services in May 2025, which determined that there is no occupied habitat for threatened or endangered species. The report is included as Appendix B. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 78 5.5.CULTURAL RESOURCES Would the Project: Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource pursuant to in § 15064.5? b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to §15064.5? c) Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries? Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR The GPU EIR discussed impacts to cultural resources on pages 5.4-1 through 5.4-21 and determined impacts would be less than significant with adherence to and/or compliance with the existing regulatory framework including the City of Fontana’s standard Conditions of Approval (COAs), and GPU goals and policies. Additionally, while the GPU EIR did not identify significant impacts related to cultural resources, GPU EIR Mitigation Measures CUL-1 through CUL-3 were included to be applied to future projects, as necessary, to reduce impacts to less than significant levels. Project-Specific Impacts This section is based on the following report: • Cultural Resources Study, prepared May 2025 by BFSA Environmental Services (BFSA Environmental Services, 2025a), and included as Appendix C. a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource as defined in §15064.5? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.4-14 through 5.14-16 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. On page 5.4-14 of the GPU EIR, the EIR noted that individual development projects would require individual assessments of potential Project-specific impacts to cultural resources and if necessary, Project-specific mitigation would be recommended to reduce potential impacts to a less than significant level. CEQA defines a historical resource as something that meets one or more of the following criteria: (1) listed in, or determined eligible for listing in, the California Register of Historical Resources; (2) listed in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code (PRC) Section 5020.1(k); (3) identified as significant in a historical resource survey meeting the requirements of PRC Section 5024.1(g); or (4) 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 79 determined to be a historical resource by a Project’s Lead Agency (PRC Section 21084.1 and CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5[a]). The California Register defines a “historical resource” as a resource that meets one or more of the following criteria: (1) associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns or local or regional history of the cultural heritage of California or the United States; (2) associated with the lives of persons important to local, California, or national history; (3) embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction or represents the work of a master or possesses high artistic values; or (4) has yielded, or has the potential to yield, information important to the prehistory or history of the local area, California, or the nation. A Cultural Resources Assessment was prepared for the Project in May 2025 by BFSA Environmental Services consistent with GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-1 (included as Appendix C). The Cultural Resources Assessment conducted a field survey of the entire property and did not identify any historic or prehistoric cultural resources on the Project site. As a result, the proposed Project would not cause an adverse effect to a historic resource and no mitigation is necessary. Therefore, the Project would not result in a new impact related to an adverse change in the significance of a historical resource. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to §15064.5? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.4-14 through 5.4-16 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with implementation of GPU EIR Mitigation Measures CUL- 1 through CUL-3. As described previously, a Cultural Resources Assessment was prepared for the Project in May 2025 by BFSA Environmental Services consistent with GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-1. A search of the California Historic Resources Inventory System (CHRIS) identified 19 cultural resources within a one-mile radius of the Project site, none of which are located within the Project boundaries. The records search also indicated that 20 previous cultural resources studies have been conducted within one mile of the Project boundaries, one of which overlaps a portion of the Project site. In addition to the records search, a Sacred Lands File (SLF) search was requested from the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC). The NAHC responded on March 6, 2025, stating the SLF search was positive for previously known tribal cultural resources or sacred lands within one mile of the Project site. Because AB 52 does not apply to CEQA Streamlining, no letters were sent to the identified tribes and tribal contacts. However, the Project would implement GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-3 and the City’s Tribal COAs, in the event that archaeological or cultural resources are uncovered during ground-disturbing activities. On March 24, 2025, a field survey of the Project area was conducted in which no cultural resources were discovered (Appendix C). The Cultural Resources Assessment concluded that the subject property did not historically contain any structures and was historically utilized for agriculture. Given the lack of historic development/occupation on the Project site and the previous agricultural use of the property, there is low potential for archaeological resources to be encountered on the site. However, GPU EIR Mitigation Measures CUL-2 and CUL-3 and the City’s Tribal COAs are included, in the event that archaeological or Native American cultural resources are uncovered during ground-disturbing activities. As described under CUL-2 and CUL-3, construction in the immediate vicinity of the discovery shall be halted while the resources are evaluated for significance by an archaeologist and curated as appropriate. Therefore, with implementation of GPU EIR Mitigation Measures CUL-1 through CUL-3 and the City’s Tribal COAs, impacts would be less than significant. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 80 c) Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.4-17 and was determined to have a less than significant impact after implementation of GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-1. The Project site does not contain a cemetery, and no known formal cemeteries are located within the immediate vicinity of the Project site. Nevertheless, consistent with GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-1, should human remains be unearthed during grading and excavation activities associated with Project development, the construction contractor would be required by California law to comply with California Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5 and Public Resources Code Section 5097.98. According to Section 7050.5(b) and (c), if human remains are discovered, the County Coroner must be contacted and if the Coroner recognizes the human remains to be those of a Native American or has reason to believe that they are those of a Native American, the Coroner is required to contact the NAHC by telephone within 24 hours. Pursuant to California Public Resources Code Section 5097.98, whenever the NAHC receives notification of a discovery of Native American human remains from a county coroner, the NAHC is required to immediately notify those persons it believes to be most likely descended from the deceased Native American. The descendants may, with the permission of the owner of the land, or his or her authorized representative, inspect the site of discovery of the Native American human remains and may recommend to the owner or the person responsible for the excavation work means for treatment or disposition, with appropriate dignity, of the human remains and any associated grave goods. The descendants shall complete their inspection and make recommendations or preferences for treatment within 48 hours of being granted access to the site. According to Public Resources Code Section 5097.98(k), the NAHC is authorized to mediate disputes arising between landowners and known descendants relating to the treatment and disposition of Native American human burials, skeletal remains, and items associated with Native American burials. Through compliance with GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-1 and mandatory compliance with California Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5 and Public Resources Code Section 5097.98, the Project would not result in significant impacts to human remains, and impacts would be less than significant. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. Conclusion With regard to the issue area of cultural/paleontological resources, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the GPU EIR. 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated in the GPU EIR. 4. Feasible mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR (CUL-1, CUL-2, and CUL-3) would be applied to the Project. These mitigation measures, detailed below, provide protection for cultural, historical and archaeological resources and reduce potential impacts to a less-than-significant level. Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR) The Proposed Project would be subject to comply with the City’s Cultural and Tribal Standard Conditions of Approval as listed below: a. Upon discovery of any tribal cultural or archaeological resources, cease construction activities in the immediate vicinity of the find until the find can be assessed. All tribal cultural and archaeological 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 81 resources unearthed by Project construction activities shall be evaluated by the qualified archaeologist and tribal monitor/consultant. If the resources are Native American in origin, interested Tribes (as a result of correspondence with area Tribes) shall coordinate with the landowner regarding treatment and curation of these resources. Typically, the Tribe will request preservation in place or recovery for educational purposes. Work may continue on other parts of the Project while evaluation takes place. b. Preservation in place shall be the preferred manner of treatment. If preservation in place is not feasible, treatment may include implementation of archaeological data recovery excavation to remove the resource along the subsequent laboratory processing and analysis. All Tribal Cultural Resources shall be returned to the Tribe. Any historic archaeological material that is not Native American in origin shall be curated at a public, non-profit institution with a research interest in the materials, if such an institution agrees to accept the material. If no institution accepts the archaeological material, they shall be offered to the Tribe or a local school or historical society in the area for educational purposes. c. Archaeological and Native American monitoring and excavation during construction projects shall be consistent with current professional standards. All feasible care to avoid any unnecessary disturbance, physical modification, or separation of human remains and associated funerary objects shall be taken. Principal personnel shall meet the Secretary of the Interior standards for archaeology and have a minimum of 10 years’ experience as a principal investigator working with Native American archaeological sites in southern California. The Qualified Archaeologists shall ensure that all other personnel are appropriately trained and qualified. GPU Goals and Policies GPU cultural resource-related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following: Community and Neighborhoods Element Goal 1: The integrity and character of historic structures, cultural resources sites and overall historic character of the City of Fontana are maintained and enhanced. Policies: • Coordinate City programs and policies to support preservation goals. • Support and promote community-based historic preservation initiatives • Designate local historic landmarks. • Provide appropriate tools to review changes that may detract from historic integrity and character. Goal 2: Residents’ and visitors’ experience of Fontana is enhanced by a sense of the city’s history. Policies: • Enhance public awareness of Fontana’s unique historical and cultural legacy and the economic benefits of historic preservation in Fontana. • Support creation of the Fontana Historical Museum. Goal 3: Cultural and archaeological resources are protected and preserved. Policy: Collaborate with state agencies to protect cultural and archaeological resources. GPU EIR Mitigation Measures The GPU EIR mitigation measures that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following: 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 82 GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-1: A qualified archaeologist shall perform the following tasks, prior to construction activities within Project boundaries: • Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for historic resources, a field survey for historical resources within portions of the Project site not previously surveyed for cultural resources shall be conducted. • Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for historic resources, the San Bernardino County Archives shall be contacted for information on historical property records. • Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for sacred land resources, the Native American Heritage Commission shall be contacted for information regarding sacred lands. • All historical resources within the Project site, including archaeological and historic resources older than 50 years, shall be inventoried using appropriate State record forms and guidelines followed according to the California Office of Historic Preservation’s handbook “Instructions for Recording Historical Resources.” The archaeologist shall then submit two (2) copies of the completed forms to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for the assignment of trinomials. • The significance and integrity of all historical resources within the Project site shall be evaluated, using criteria established in the CEQA Guidelines for important archaeological resources and/or 36 CFR 60.4 for eligibility for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. • Mitigation measures shall be proposed and conditions of approval (if a local government action) recommended to eliminate adverse Project effects on significant, important, and unique historical resources, following appropriate CEQA and/or National Historic Preservation Act's Section 106 guidelines. • A technical resources management report shall be prepared, documenting the inventory, evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the Project site, following guidelines for Archaeological Resource Management Reports prepared by the California Office of Historic Preservation, Preservation Planning Bulletin 4(a), December 1989. One copy of the completed report, with original illustrations, shall be submitted to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving. • If human remains are encountered on the Project site, the San Bernardino County Coroner’s Office shall be contacted within 24 hours of the find, and all work shall be halted until a clearance is given by that office and any other involved agencies. • All resources and data collected within the Project site shall be permanently curated at an appropriate repository within the County. A Cultural Resources Assessment has been completed for the Project satisfying the technical study report requirement of GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-1. The report is included as Appendix C. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-2: If any prehistoric archaeological resources are encountered before or during grading, the developer shall retain a qualified archaeologist to monitor construction activities and to take appropriate measures to protect or preserve them for study. With the assistance of the archaeologist, the City of Fontana shall: • Enact interim measures to protect undesignated sites from demolition or significant modification without an opportunity for the City to establish its archaeological value. • Consider establishing provisions to require incorporation of archaeological sites within new developments, using their special qualities at a theme or focal point. • Pursue educating the public about the area's archaeological heritage. • Proposal mitigation measures and recommend conditions of approval (if a local government action) to eliminate adverse Project effects on significant, important, and unique prehistoric resources, following appropriate CEQA guidelines. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 83 • Prepare a technical resources management report, documenting the inventory, evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the Project area. Submit one copy of the completed report, with original illustrations, to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-3: Where consistent with applicable local, State and federal law and deemed appropriate by the City, future site-specific development projects shall consider the following: • In the event Native American cultural resources are discovered during construction for future development, all work in the immediate vicinity of the find shall cease and a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards shall be hired to assess the find. Work on the overall Project may continue during this period; • Initiate consultation between the appropriate Native American tribal entity (as determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) and the City/Project applicant; Transfer cultural resources investigations to the appropriate Native American entity (as determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) as soon as possible; • Utilize a Native American Monitor from the appropriate Native American entity (as determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) where deemed appropriate or required by the City, during initial ground disturbing activities, cultural resource surveys. and/or cultural resource excavations. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 84 5.6.ENERGY Would the Project: Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact a) Result in potentially significant environmental impact due to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources, during Project construction or operation? b) Conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency? Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to energy throughout the document on pages 5.6-12, 5.6-21, and 7- 10. The GPU EIR found that compliance with all applicable building codes, as well as the City’s GP policies and standard conservation features, would ensure that energy resources are conserved to the maximum extent possible. Additionally, the GPU EIR determined that continued use of resources as evaluated by the GP would be nominal and would not conflict with the City’s growth forecasts. Therefore, although irreversible changes would result from implementation of the GP, such changes would not be considered significant. Project-Specific Impacts This section is based on the following report: • Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis, prepared October 2025, by EPD Solutions (EPD Solutions, Inc., 2025a), included as Appendix A. a) Result in potentially significant environmental impacts due to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources, during Project construction or operation? No New Impact. Construction During construction of the proposed Project, energy would be consumed in three general forms: 1. Petroleum-based fuels used to power off-road construction vehicles and equipment, construction worker travel to and from the site, as well as delivery truck trips; 2. Electricity associated with providing temporary power for lighting and electric equipment; and 3. Energy used in the production of construction materials, such as asphalt, paint, fencing, lighting, and gate materials. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 85 Electricity and Natural Gas Usage Due to the Project size and the fact that construction is temporary, the electricity used during construction of the proposed Project would be substantially less than that required for Project operation and would have a negligible contribution to the Project’s overall energy consumption. The electric power used would be for as- necessary lighting and electronic equipment such as computers inside temporary construction trailers. Natural gas is not anticipated to be needed for construction activities. Any consumption of natural gas would be minor and negligible in comparison to the usage during the operation of the proposed Project and Countywide consumption. Construction equipment (off-road and heavy-duty vehicles), as well as vendor and haul trucks used for material delivery and soil import/export during grading, would operate on diesel fuel. Construction workers would travel to and from the Project site throughout the duration of construction, and for a conservative analysis, it is assumed that construction workers would travel in gasoline-powered passenger vehicles. Table E-1 details the construction fuel usage over the Project’s construction period. Table E-1: Total Construction Fuel Usage Construction Source Diesel Fuel (Gallons) Gasoline Fuel (Gallons) Construction Vehicles 11,345.5 5,672.7 Off-Road Construction Equipment 35,835.0 - Total 47,180.5 5,672.7 Countywide Consumptions 3,541,000.0 416,064,805.7 Percentage Increase (%) 1.33 <0.01 Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A) As shown in Table E-1, construction of the proposed Project would require a total of approximately 47,180.5 gallons of diesel fuel and 5,672.7 gallons of gasoline fuel. Thus, the construction of the proposed Project would result in a 1.33 percent increase over countywide construction off-road consumption and <0.01 percent increase over countywide on-road gasoline consumptions. Thus, increased energy consumption from the construction of the proposed Project would be nominal. Construction activities would require limited energy consumption, would comply with all existing regulations, and would therefore not be expected to use large amounts of energy or fuel in a wasteful manner. California Code of Regulations (CCR) Title 13, Motor Vehicles, Section 2449(d)(3), Idling, limits idling times of construction vehicles to no more than 5 minutes, thereby precluding unnecessary and wasteful consumption of fuel due to unproductive idling of construction equipment. Construction contractors are also required to demonstrate compliance with applicable California Air Resources Board (CARB) regulations governing the accelerated retrofitting, repowering, or replacement of heavy-duty diesel on- and off-road equipment. In addition, compliance with existing CARB idling restrictions and the use of newer engines and equipment would reduce fuel combustion and energy consumption. Therefore, construction of the proposed Project would not involve any unusual or increased need for energy. In addition, the extent of construction activities that would occur is limited to a 16-month period, and the demand for construction-related electricity and fuels would be limited to that time frame. Thus, impacts related to construction energy usage would be less than significant. Therefore, construction-related fuel consumption by the proposed Project would not result in inefficient, wasteful, or unnecessary energy use compared with other construction sites in the region, and no new impacts would occur. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 86 Operation Once operational, the Project would generate demand for electricity as well as gasoline for motor vehicle trips. Operational use of energy includes the heating, cooling, and lighting of the residences, water heating, operation of electrical systems and plug-in appliances, outdoor lighting, and the transport of electricity and water to the residences. There is no additional energy infrastructure that would be required to be built to operate the Project, and no operational activities would occur that would result in extraordinary energy consumption. As detailed in Table E-2, operation of the proposed Project is estimated to result in the annual use of approximately 507,881 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electricity, 35,728 gallons of gas and no natural gas. Table E-2: Energy Consumption Estimates During Project Operation Operational Source Energy Usage Countywide Energy Consumption Percentage Increase Electricity (Kilowatt-Hour)1 507,881.0 16,629,614,195.0 0.0031% Gasoline Consumption (Gallons) 35,728.0 416,064,508.7 0.0086% Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A) The proposed Project would be required to meet the current Title 24 energy efficiency standards, which is included as GPU RR E-1. Typical Title 24 measures include insulation; use of energy-efficient heating, ventilation, and air conditioning equipment (HVAC); solar-reflective roofing materials; energy- efficient indoor and outdoor lighting systems; reclamation of heat rejection from refrigeration equipment to generate hot water; and incorporation of skylights, etc. In complying with the Title 24 standards, impacts to peak energy usage would be minimized, and impacts on statewide and regional energy needs would be reduced. Thus, operation of the Project would not use large amounts of energy or fuel in a wasteful manner, and operational energy impacts would be less than significant. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. b) Conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency? No New Impact. The California Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards are designed to ensure new and existing buildings achieve energy efficiency and preserve outdoor and indoor environmental quality. The California Energy Commission is responsible for adopting, implementing, and updating building energy efficiency. Local city and county enforcement agencies have the authority to verify compliance with applicable building codes, including energy efficiency. The proposed Project would be required to meet the California Code of Regulations (CCR) Title 24 energy efficiency standards in effect during permitting of the Project. Further, as described in Section 5.8, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, the Project would not impede the State’s progress towards carbon neutrality by 2045 under the 2022 Scoping Plan or with the SCAG RTP/SCS GHG reduction targets which are inclusive of energy efficiency measures. Therefore, the Project would not conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency, and impacts would not occur. As such, the Project would have less than significant impacts related to energy and there would be no new impact. Therefore, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. Conclusion With regards to the issue area of energy, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 87 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the GPU EIR. 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated in the GPU EIR. 4. According to the GPU EIR, compliance with all applicable building codes and standard conservation features, would ensure that energy resources are conserved to the maximum extent possible. Further continued use of resources would be nominal and would not conflict with the City’s growth forecasts. Therefore, although irreversible changes would result from implementation of the GPU, such changes would not be considered significant. Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR) RR E-1. Pursuant to Fontana Municipal Code Section 5-550, projects are required to abide by Title 24 Chapter 6 of the California Code of Regulations with respect to energy efficiency standards. GPU Goals and Policies None. GPU EIR Mitigation Measures None. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 88 5.7.GEOLOGY AND SOILS Would the Project: Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact a) Directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving: i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? Refer to Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 42? ii) Strong seismic ground shaking? iii) Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction? iv) Landslides? b) Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil? c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the Project, and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse? d) Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18-1-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial direct or indirect risks to life or property? e) Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative waste water disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of waste water? f) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature? 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 89 Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR Geology and Soils The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to geology and soils on pages 5.5-1 through 5.5-12 and determined impacts to be less than significant with compliance and/or adherence to Federal, State and local regulation, and goals and policies in the GP. Paleontological Resources The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to paleontological resources on pages 5.4-8 and 5.9-26 through 5.4-16. The GPU EIR describes that the City is underlain by relatively young alluvial deposits and therefore has low paleontological sensitivity. However, the GPU EIR includes CUL-4 and CUL-5 in the event that paleontological resources are exposed during ground-disturbing activities. The GPU EIR determined that impacts to paleontological resources would be less than significant with compliance of regulatory requirements, Project-specific evaluation, and goals and policies of the GP. Project-Specific Impacts This section was prepared using the following reports: • Geotechnical Engineering Investigation, prepared October 2024, by GeoSoils Consultants (GeoSoils Consultants, 2024), and included as Appendix D. • Paleontological Assessment, prepared May 2025, by BFSA Environmental Services (BFSA Environmental Services, 2025b), and included as Appendix E. a) Directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving: i. Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.5-7 through 5.5-9 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance of regulatory requirements, and goals and policies of the GPU. As stated in the GPU EIR, there are a number of potentially active and active fault systems located within the region that may impact the City. However, impacts were determined to be less than significant after compliance with applicable building codes (i.e., City Building Code, California Building Standards Code) and implementation of GP 2015-2035 Noise and Safety Element goals and policies, and the Local Hazards Mitigation Plan. The Geotechnical Investigation identified that the Project site is not located within a designated Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone (Appendix D). The closest fault zone is the Sierra Madre Fault Zone which lies approximately 3.5 miles north of the site (Department of Conservation, 2025). Since no known faults exist within the Project site, the probability of ground surface rupture occurring at the site is considered low (Appendix D). Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts related to rupture of a known fault. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. ii. Strong seismic ground shaking? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages on pages 5.5-7 through 5.5-9 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance of regulatory requirements, and goals and policies of the GPU. The Project site is located in a seismically active 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 90 region, as is all of southern California. The Project site could be subject to seismically related strong ground shaking. The amount of motion expected at a building site can vary from none to forceful depending upon the distance to the fault, the magnitude of the earthquake, and the local geology. Greater movement can be expected at sites located closer to an earthquake epicenter, that consist of poorly consolidated material such as alluvium located near the source, and in response to an earthquake of great magnitude. As discussed above, the Sierra Madre Fault Zone lies approximately 3.5 miles north of the site (Department of Conservation, 2025). Due to the site’s close proximity to faults, the Project site is expected to be subject to strong seismic ground shaking during the life of the Project. However, the proposed Project would be designed in accordance with Chapter 16 of the California Building Code (CBC)(RR GEO-1). The CBC includes provisions for earthquake resistant design that include considerations for geologic hazard and on-site soil conditions. The City of Fontana has adopted the CBC in Section 5.61 of the Fontana Municipal Code and the Project would be required to adhere to the provisions of the CBC (RR GEO-1), as part of the plan check and development review process. Compliance with the requirements of the CBC and goals and policies in the GP would reduce hazards from strong seismic ground shaking to a less than significant level. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts on people or structures due to strong seismic ground shaking. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. iii. Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages on pages 5.5-7 through 5.5-9 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance of regulatory requirements, and goals and policies of the GPU. The Geotechnical Investigation determined that the potential for liquefaction related to seismic activity is considered low (Appendix D). Additionally, according to the USGS Liquefaction Susceptibility Zones Map, provided in Appendix F of the GPU EIR, the Project site is not within an area mapped for high susceptibility to liquefaction (City of Fontana, 2018). Based on the results of the Geotechnical Investigation and the map provided by the City, the soils underlying the Project site would not be considered at risk for liquefaction. Additionally, as described previously, the proposed Project would be required to be constructed in compliance with the CBC (RR GEO-1), which would be verified through the City’s plan check and permitting process. Thus, potential impacts related to liquefaction, settlement, and subsidence would be less than significant. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts on people or structures due to ground failure or liquefaction. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. iv. Landslides? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.5-7 through 5.5-9 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance of regulatory requirements, and goals and policies of the GP. The Project site is flat and is not located near substantial slopes or hillsides. There are no known landslides near the site, nor is the site in the path of any known or potential landslides. Additionally, according to the Geologic Hazard Overlays- Landslide and Liquefaction Susceptibility Map provided in Appendix F of the GPU EIR, the Project site is not within an area mapped for high susceptibility to landslides (City of Fontana, 2018). Therefore, the Project would not expose people or structures to slope instability or seismically induced landslides, and the Project would result in no 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 91 new impacts related to landslides. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. b) Result in soil erosion or the loss of topsoil? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages on pages 5.5-7 through 5.5-9 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance of regulatory requirements, and goals and policies of the GPU. As stated in the GPU EIR, during construction activities, soil would be exposed and there would be an increase in potential for soil erosion compared to existing conditions. To reduce the potential for soil erosion and the loss of topsoil, a Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) is required by the City and RWQCB regulations to be developed by a QSD (Qualified SWPPP Developer), which would be implemented by RR HYD-1. The SWPPP is required to address site-specific conditions related to specific grading and construction activities that could cause erosion and the loss of topsoil and to provide erosion control BMPs to reduce or eliminate the erosion and loss of topsoil. Erosion control BMPs include use of silt fencing, fiber rolls, or gravel bags, stabilized construction entrance/exit, hydroseeding, etc. Therefore, with the implementation of a SWPPP, the Project would not result in less than significant impacts to soil erosion or the loss of topsoil. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.5-10 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance of regulatory requirements, the preparation of a site-specific geotechnical study, and goals and policies of the GP. As discussed on page 5.5-10 of the GPU EIR, all future development projects would require Project-specific geotechnical studies. Consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR, a Project-specific Geotechnical Engineering Investigation was prepared by GeoSoils Consultants Inc. in October 2024 (Appendix D). As described above, the Project site is flat and does not contain, nor is adjacent to any significant slope of hillside area. The Project would not create slopes. Thus, on or off-site landslides would not occur from implementation of the Project. Lateral spreading is a type of liquefaction induced ground failure associated with the lateral displacement of surficial blocks of sediment resulting from liquefaction in a subsurface layer. Once liquefaction transforms the subsurface layer into a fluid mass, gravity plus the earthquake inertial forces may cause the mass to move downslope towards a free face (such as a river channel or an embankment). Lateral spreading may cause large horizontal displacements and such movement typically damages pipelines, utilities, bridges, and structures. The Project site is underlain with alluvium which consists of brown to yellowish brown, silty gravelly sand and sandy gravel that is dry and dense, which do not possess characteristics conducive to lateral spreading/liquefaction. Therefore, the Project site is not susceptible to liquefaction. Similarly, the site is not susceptible to lateral spreading. Subsidence is a general lowering of the ground surface over a large area that is generally attributed to lowering of the ground water levels within a groundwater basin. Localized or focal subsidence or settlement of the ground can occur as a result of earthquake motion in an area where groundwater in a basin is lowered. As described previously, groundwater was not encountered to the maximum depth of 50 feet (Appendix D). In addition, the Project would not involve groundwater pumping from the Project area. Thus, impacts related to subsidence would not occur from implementation of the Project. Additionally, any potential risk of 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 92 subsidence would be lowered through adherence to grading and earthwork operation recommendations of the CBC (RR GEO-1) ensured by the City through the permitting process. With compliance with the CBC (RR GEO-1), potential impacts related to lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, and collapse would be less than significant. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. d) Be located on expansive soil, as defined in in Table 18-1-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial risks to life or property? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.5-10 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance of regulatory requirements, and goals and policies of the GP. Expansive soils contain clay particles that swell when wet and shrink when dry. Foundations constructed on expansive soils are subjected to forces caused by the swelling and shrinkage of the soils and could result in heaving and cracking of buildings and foundations. The Geotechnical Investigation found that near-surface site soils consist of very fine to coarse sands and soils would have a very low to low expansion (Appendix D). Therefore, impacts related to expansive soil would be less than significant. Additionally, the Project would require compliance with the CBC requirements (RR GEO-1), as implemented by the Fontana Municipal Code and through the plan check and permitting process. Thus, impacts related to expansive soils would be less than significant and no new impacts would occur from the Project. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. e) Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of wastewater? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.5-10 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. Because no septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems are proposed as part of the Project, impacts related to these facilities would not occur. Further, the Project would install on-site sewer lines that would connect to the existing infrastructure that is adjacent to the site. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. f) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.4-16 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance of regulatory requirements, Project-specific evaluation, and goals and policies of the GPU. Consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR, a Project-specific Paleontological Assessment was conducted by BFSA Environmental Services in May 2025 (Appendix E). The Paleontological Assessment included a review of paleontological literature and fossil locality records for a previous project in the area and a review of the underlying geology. The records search indicates that no known fossil localities are present within the Project boundaries; however, fossils have been found and recorded approximately four to five miles south of the Project area. The Project site is underlain by Holocene-aged alluvial-fan deposits that could potentially overlay older paleontologically sensitive Pleistocene alluvial deposits. However, based on shallow grading depths for the development and young, coarse alluvial deposits composing the near-surface stratigraphy, the potential to encounter paleontologically sensitive Pleistocene alluvium is considered low. Therefore, the potential to yield paleontological resources is low. However, in the event that paleontological resources are exposed during ground-disturbing activities, a qualified paleontologist shall be retained pursuant to GPU EIR Mitigation Measures CUL-4 and CUL-5, and construction activities in the immediate vicinity of the discovery shall be halted while the resources are evaluated for significance by the paleontologist and curated as appropriate. Implementation of GPU EIR Mitigation Measures CUL-4 and CUL-5 would reduce 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 93 potential impacts to a less than significant level. Therefore, the Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts and would result in no new impacts that would directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature. Conclusion With regards to the issue area of geology and soils, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the GPU EIR. 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated in the GPU EIR. 4. No mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR would be required for geologic resources because Project specific impacts would be less than significant. However, feasible mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR (CUL-4 and CUL-5) would be applied to the Project to provide protection to paleontological resources. Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR) RR GEO-1: California Building Code. The Project will be designed and constructed in accordance with Fontana Municipal Code Section 5-61, which adopts the California Building Code (CBC) and California Residential Code (CRC), which are based on the International Building Code (IBC). New construction, alteration, or rehabilitation shall comply with applicable ordinances set forth by the City and/or by the most recent City building and seismic codes in effect at the time of Project design. RR HYD-1: Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). The Project will be constructed in accordance with the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) General Permit for Storm Water Discharges Associated with the Construction and Land Disturbance Activities, Order No 2009- 0009-DWQ (as amended by 2010-0014-DWQ and 2012-0006-DWQ), NPDES No. CAS000002 (or the latest approved Construction General Permit). Compliance requires filing a Notice of Intent (NOI); a Risk Assessment; a Site Map; a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) and associated Best Management Practices (BMPs); an annual fee; and a signed certification statement. GPU Goals and Policies GPU geology and soils related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following: Noise and Safety Element Goal 4: Seismic injury and loss of life, property damage, and other impacts caused by seismic shaking, fault rupture, ground failure, earthquake-induced landslides, and other earthquake-induced ground deformation are minimized in the city of Fontana. Policies: • The City shall monitor development or redevelopment in areas where faults have been mapped through the city. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 94 • The City shall continue to ensure that current geologic knowledge and peer (third party) review are incorporated into the design, planning, and construction stages of a project and that site - specific data are applied to each project. • The City shall continue to ensure to the fullest extent possible that, in the event of a major disaster, essential structures and facilities remain safe and functional, as required by current law. Essential facilities include hospitals, police stations, fire stations, emergency operation centers, communication centers, generators and substations, and reservoirs. Goal 9: The City maintains regulations, plans, protocols and emergency training to reduce hazards and risks and to meet state and federal requirements for emergency assistance. Policies: • Keep hazard-mitigation and emergency services programs up to date. • Continue to provide hazard and risk mitigation and emergency training to public employees and the public at large. GPU EIR Mitigation Measures The GPU EIR mitigation measures that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following: GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-4: A qualified paleontologist shall conduct a pre-construction field survey of any project site within the Specific Plan Update area that is underlain by older alluvium. The paleontologist shall submit a report of findings that provides specific recommendations regarding further mitigation measures (i.e., paleontological monitoring) that may be appropriate. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-5: Should mitigation monitoring of paleontological resources be recommended for a specific project within the project site, the program shall include, but not be limited to, the following measures: • Assign a paleontological monitor, trained and equipped to allow the rapid removal of fossils with minimal construction delay, to the site full-time during the interval of earth-disturbing activities. • Should fossils be found within an area being cleared or graded, earth-disturbing activities shall be diverted elsewhere until the monitor has completed salvage. If construction personnel make the discovery, the grading contractor shalt immediately divert construction and notify the monitor of the find. • All recovered fossils shall be prepared, identified, and curated for documentation in the summary report and transferred to an appropriate depository (i.e., San Bernardino County Museum). • A summary report shall be submitted to City of Fontana. Collected specimens shall be transferred with copy of report to San Bernardino County Museum. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 95 5.8.GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR The GPU EIR discussed greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) on pages 5.6-1 through 5.6-26. The GPU EIR determined that with compliance and/or adherence to Federal, State and local regulation, and goals and policies in the GP, and implementation of BMPs listed under GPU EIR Mitigation Measure GHG-1, GHG emissions would be reduced to meet State GHG reduction targets and impacts would be less than significant. Project-Specific Impacts This section is based on the following reports: • Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis, prepared October 2025, by EPD Solutions (EPD Solutions, Inc., 2025a), included as Appendix A. GHG Thresholds CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.4 provides discretion to the lead agency whether to: (1) use a model of methodology to quantify GHG emissions resulting from a project, and which model or methodology to use; or (2) rely on a qualitative analysis or performance-based standards. In addition, CEQA does not provide guidance to determine whether the project’s estimated GHG emissions are significant, but recommends that lead agencies consider several factors that may be used in the determination of significance of p roject related GHG emissions, including: • The extent to which the project may increase or reduce GHG emissions as compared to the existing environmental setting. • Whether the project emissions exceed a threshold of significance that the lead agency determines applies to the project. • The extent to which the project complies with regulations or requirements adopted to implement a statewide, regional, or local plan for the reduction or mitigation of GHG emissions. CEQA Guidelines Section 15130(f) describes that the effects of GHG emissions are by their very nature cumulative and should be analyzed in the context of CEQA’s requirements for cumulative impact analysis. Would the Project: Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment? b) Conflict with an applicable plan, policy or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases? 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 96 Additionally, CEQA Guidelines Section 15064(h)3 states that a project’s incremental contribution to a cumulative impact can be found not cumulatively considerable if the project would comply with an approved plan or mitigation program that provides requirements to avoid or lessen the cumulative problem. CEQA allows the significance criteria established by the applicable air quality management or air pollution control district to be used to assess impacts of a project on climate change. California State Executive Order S-3-05, issued by Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger in June 2005, established comprehensive GHG reduction targets for the state (Executive Department State of California, 2005). It mandated reducing GHG emissions to 2000 levels by 2010, to 1990 levels by 2020, and to 80 percent below 1990 levels by 2050. This Executive Order laid the foundation for subsequent climate change mitigation efforts in California, including the development of various policies and programs aimed at reducing emissions across sectors such as transportation, energy, and industry. The objective of the Executive Order is to contribute to capping worldwide CO2 concentrations at 450 parts per million (ppm), stabilizing global climate change. SCAQMD convened a GHG Emissions CEQA Significance Threshold Working Group to help lead agencies determine significance thresholds for GHG emissions when SCAQMD is not the lead agency. The last working group was held in September 2010 (Meeting No. 15) and proposed a tiered approach (Tier I to Tier V), equivalent to the existing consistency determination requirements in CEQA Guidelines Sections 15064(h)(3) or 15125(d) (SCAQMD, 2010). The applicable screening threshold tier is described in further detail below. Tier III – Numerical Screening Thresholds The SCAQMD’s draft threshold uses the Executive Order S-3-05 goal as the basis for the Tier III screening level. Tier III consists of screening values which the lead agency can choose from, but it must be consistent with all projects within its jurisdiction. A project’s construction emissions are averaged over 30 years and are added to the project’s operational emissions. If a project’s emissions are below one of the following screening thresholds, then the project impact would be less than significant: • Option 1, all land use types: 3,000 MTCO2e per year • Option 2, based on land use type: o Residential: 3,500 MTCO2e per year o Commercial: 1,400 MTCO2e per year o Mixed-use: 3,000 MTCO2e per year Based on the foregoing guidance, the City has elected to rely on compliance with a local air district (SCAQMD) threshold in the determination of significance of project-related GHG emissions. Specifically, the City has selected the interim 3,000 MTCO2e per year threshold recommended by SCAQMD staff against which to compare Project-related GHG emissions. a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.6-13 through 5.6-20 and determined impacts would be less than significant with compliance and/or adherence to Federal, State and local regulation, and goals and policies in the GP. As described in Section 3.0, Project Description, construction of the proposed Project is anticipated to occur over approximately 16 months, beginning in the third quarter of 2026. GHG emissions associated with Project construction would occur over the short term and would consist primarily of emissions from equipment exhaust. The calculations presented below include construction emissions in terms of annual CO2e GHG emissions from increased energy consumption, water usage, and solid waste disposal, as well as estimated 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 97 GHG emissions from vehicular traffic that would result from implementation of the proposed Project. During construction of the proposed Project, GHGs would be emitted through the operation of construction equipment, as well as emissions from worker and vendor vehicles. As discussed above, the SCAQMD does not have an adopted threshold of significance for construction related GHG emissions. However, lead agencies are required to quantify and disclose GHG emissions that would occur during construction. Total estimated GHG emissions from construction of the proposed Project were amortized over 30 years per SCAQMD methodology. As shown in Table GHG -1, it is estimated that the proposed Project would generate a total of approximately 453 MTCO2e during construction. When amortized over the 30-year life of the proposed Project, annual emissions would be 15 MTCO2e. Table GHG-1: Construction Greenhouse Gas Emissions (MT/year) Activity Annual GHG Emissions (MTCO2e) 2026 190 2027 263 Total Emissions 453 Total Emissions Amortized Over 30 Years 15 Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A) Operation of the proposed residences would result in area and indirect sources of operational GHG emissions that would primarily result from vehicle trips, area sources (e.g., maintenance activities and landscaping), indirect emissions from sources associated with energy consumption, waste sources (land filling and waste disposal), and water sources (water supply and conveyance, treatment, and distribution). GHG emissions from electricity consumed by the residences would be generated off-site by fuel combustion at the electricity provider. GHG emissions from water transport are also indirect emissions resulting from the energy required to transport water from its source. The CalEEMod modeled operational and total GHG emissions that would be generated from implementation of the proposed Project are shown in Table GHG-2. In accordance with SCAQMD’s methodology, the Project’s construction-related GHG emissions are amortized over 30 years and added to the operational emissions estimate in order to determine the Project’s total annual GHG emissions. As shown in Table GHG-2, the Project would generate approximately 475 MTCO2e per year, which would not exceed the SCAQMD threshold of 3,000 MTCO2e per year for all land use types. Table GHG-2: Operational Greenhouse Gas Emissions (MT/year) Activity Annual GHG Emissions (MTCO2e) Mobile 357 Area 1 Energy 80 Water 5 Waste 17 Total Project Operation Emissions 460 Project Construction Emissions 15 Total Project Emissions 475 Significance Threshold 3,000 Threshold Exceeded? No Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A) 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 98 In addition, the Project would implement GPU EIR MM GHG-1, which would require the incorporation of project design features to further reduce GHG emissions. Thus, with implementation of GPU EIR MM GHG- 1, GHG emissions from construction and operation of the proposed Project would be less than significant. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. b) Conflict with an applicable plan, policy or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.6-20 through 5.6-23 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance and/or adherence to Federal, State and local regulation, and goals and policies in the GP. City of Fontana General Plan Update Table GHG-3, City of Fontana General Plan Update Consistency Summary, provides a consistency summary that outlines the City of Fontana GPU goals and policies related to GHG emissions. As shown in Table GHG- 3, the Project would be consistent with the City of Fontana GPU goals and policies related to GHG emissions. Table GHG-3: City of Fontana General Plan Update Consistency Summary Goals Consistency Community Mobility and Circulation Goal 5: Fontana’s commercial and mixed-use areas include a multi- functional street network that ensures a safe, comfortable, and efficient movement of people, goods, and services to support a high quality of life and economic vitality. Consistent. The Project includes 7,089.46 square feet of off -site improvements consisting of the construction of 12-foot-wide sidewalks along the Project frontages on both Tokay Avenue and Citrus Avenue. The City of Fontana is served by Omnitrans, with Route 10 operating along the Project’s frontage on Citrus Avenue. These improvements would support alternate transportation modes, including transit and pedestrian access. Goal 6: The city has attractive and convenient parking facilities for both motorized and non-motorized vehicles that meet the needs that fit the context. Consistent. The proposed Project would provide a total of 167 passenger vehicle stalls, consisting of 74 garage spaces, 44 driveway spaces, 15 additional on-lot stalls, and 34 guest stalls. The provided parking supply is consistent with City parking code requirements. In addition, the garage spaces would also accommodate storage areas for non-motorized vehicles such as bicycles. Infrastructure and Green Systems Goal 7: Fontana is becoming an energy- efficient community. Consistent. The proposed Project would be designed to meet the 2025 Title 24 Part 6 building energy requirements, which would minimize the energy utilized through the installation of enhanced insulation and the use of energy-efficient lights and appliances. This ensures the Project would be designed in a manner that would facilitate the reduction of GHG emissions from on-site sources. Sustainability and Resilience Goal 3: Renewable sources of energy, including solar and wind, and other energy-conservation strategies are available to city households and businesses. Consistent. Consistent with the 2025 Title 24 Part 6 requirements, the proposed project would install solar panels as part of the development. This would contribute to use of renewable resources by the Project. Goal 6: Green building techniques are used in new development and retrofits. Consistent. The proposed Project would be designed to meet the 2025 Title 24 Part 6 and Part 11 building energy and CALGreen requirements, which would minimize the energy utilized and promote environmental 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 99 Goals Consistency resilience. This ensures the Project would be designed in a manner that would facilitate the reduction of GHG emissions from on-site sources and address the changing climate. Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A) CARB 2022 Scoping Plan Table GHG-4 and Table GHG-5 shows the Project's consistency with applicable actions aimed at reducing GHG emissions in the 2022 Scoping Plan. As shown, the Project would not impede the State’s progress towards carbon neutrality by 2045 under the 2022 Scoping Plan. The Project would be required to comply with applicable current and future regulatory requirements promulgated through the 2022 Scoping Plan. As such, the Project would be consistent with the 2022 Scoping Plan. Table GHG-4: 2022 CARB Scoping Plan Consistency Summary Action Consistency GHG Emissions Reductions Relative to the SB 32 Target 40% below 1990 levels by 2030. Consistent. The Project would comply with the 2025 Title 24 Part 6 (Energy Code) and Part 11 (CALGreen) requirements, along with other local and State initiatives that aim to achieve the 40% below 1990 levels by 2030 goal. Smart Growth/Vehicle Miles Traveled VMT VMT per capita is reduced 25% below 2019 levels by 2030, and 30% below 2019 levels by 2045. Consistent. The proposed Project includes the installation of sidewalks along the Project’s frontage on Citrus and Tokay Avenues to improve walkability and encourage walking and the use of the bus as alternative modes of transportation. The Project is consistent with the growth and land use assumptions in the Southern California Association of Governments’ 2022 Connect SoCal Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy, so the Project would not interfere with the analysis completed for the Connect SoCal report outlining VMT reduction targets and measures. Light-Duty Vehicle (LDV) Zero-Emission Vehicles (ZEVs) 100% of LDV sales are ZEV by 2035. Consistent. The proposed Project would comply with Title 24, Part 6 by providing electrical wiring in garages to allow for the future installation of electric vehicle chargers. Truck ZEVs 100% of medium-duty (MDV)/HDC sales are ZEV by 2040 (AB 74 University of California Institute of Transportation Studies [ITS] report). Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and does not propose the sale of trucks nor would trucks be associated with the Project. Aviation 20% of aviation fuel demand is met by electricity (batteries) or hydrogen (fuel cells) in 2045. Sustainable aviation fuel meets most or the rest of the aviation fuel demand that has not already transitioned to hydrogen or batteries. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not utilize aviation fuel. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 100 Action Consistency Ocean-Going Vessels (OGV) 2020 OGV At-Berth regulation fully implemented, with most OGVs utilizing shore power by 2027. 25% of OGVs utilize hydrogen fuel cell electric technology by 2045. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not utilize any OGVs. Port Operations 100% of cargo handling equipment is zero-emission by 2037. 100% of drayage trucks are zero emission by 2035. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not be associated with operations at any ports. Freight and Passenger Rail 100% of passenger and other locomotive sales are ZEV by 2030. 100% of line haul locomotive sales are ZEV by 2035. Line haul and passenger rail rely primarily on hydrogen fuel cell technology, and others primarily utilize electricity. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not involve any freight or passenger rail operations. Oil and Gas Extraction Reduce oil and gas extraction operations in line with petroleum demand by 2045. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not involve oil and gas extraction operations. Petroleum Refining CCS on majority of operations by 2030, beginning in 2028. Production reduced in line with petroleum demand. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not involve any petroleum refining. Electricity Generation Sector GHG target of 38 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMTCO2e) in 2030 and 30 MMTCO2e in 2035. Retail sales load coverage13420 gigawatts (GW) of offshore wind by 2045. Meet increased demand for electrification without new fossil gas- fired resources. Consistent. The proposed Project would install solar energy systems in compliance with Title 24 requirements to meet the demand for electrification without relying on new fossil gas-fired resources. New Residential and Commercial Buildings All electric appliances beginning 2026 (residential) and 2029 (commercial), contributing to 6 million heat pumps installed statewide by 2030. Consistent. The proposed Project would comply with the 2022 Title 24, Part 6 building energy requirements, which would require all in-unit appliances for residential projects to be all-electric and Energy Star certified. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 101 Action Consistency Existing Residential Buildings 80% of appliance sales are electric by 2030 and 100% of appliance sales are electric by 2035. Appliances are replaced at end of life such that by 2030 there are 3 million all- electric and electric-ready homes—and by 2035, 7 million homes—as well as contributing to 6 million heat pumps installed statewide by 2030. Not Applicable. The Project site is vacant and proposes the construction of new residential buildings. Therefore, the development of the proposed Project would not involve any existing residential buildings. Existing Commercial Buildings 80% of appliance sales are electric by 2030, and 100% of appliance sales are electric by 2045. Appliances are replaced at end of life, contributing to 6 million heat pumps installed statewide by 2030. Not Applicable. The Project site is vacant and proposes the construction of new residential buildings. Therefore, the development of the proposed Project would not involve any existing Commercial buildings. Food Products 7.5% of energy demand electrified directly and/or indirectly by 2030; 75% by 2045. Consistent. The proposed Project is a residential project and does not involve large scale storage of food products. Additionally, the Project would comply with the 2022 Title 24, Part 6 building energy requirements, which would require all in-unit appliances for residential projects to be all-electric and Energy Star certified. Construction Equipment 25% of energy demand electrified by 2030 and 75% electrified by 2045. Consistent. The proposed Project would be required to use construction equipment that is registered by CARB and meet CARB’s standards. CARB sets its standards to be in line with the goal of reducing energy demand by 25% in 2030 and 75% in 2045. Chemicals and Allied Products; Pulp and Paper Electrify 0% of boilers by 2030 and 100% of boilers by 2045. Hydrogen for 25% of process heat by 2035 and 100% by 2045. Electrify 100% of other energy demand by 2045. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is a residential project and would not be utilized for pulp and/or paper products. Stone, Clay, Glass, and Cement CCS on 40% of operations by 2035 and on all facilities by 2045. Process emissions are reduced through alternative materials and CCS. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not be utilized for stone, clay, glass, and cement. Other Industrial Manufacturing 0% energy demand electrified by 2030 and 50% by 2045. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not involve the construction of new industrial manufacturing buildings. Combined Heat and Power Facilities retire by 2040. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not involve any existing combined heat and power facilities. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 102 Action Consistency Agriculture Energy Use 25% energy demand electrified by 2030 and 75% by 2045. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not involve any agricultural uses. Low-Carbon Fuels for Transportation Biomass supply is used to produce conventional and advanced biofuels, as well as hydrogen. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not involve any production of biofuels. Low-Carbon Fuels for Buildings and Industry In 2030s, biomethane135 blended in pipeline Renewable hydrogen blended in fossil gas pipeline at 7% energy (~20% by volume), ramping up between 2030 and 2040. In 2030s, dedicated hydrogen pipelines constructed to serve certain industrial clusters. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not involve any production of energy fuels for buildings and industry, nor would it impede the development and adoption of utilizing low -carbon fuels for buildings and industry. Non-Combustion Methane Emissions Increase landfill and dairy digester methane capture. Some alternative manure management is being deployed for smaller dairies. Moderate adoption of enteric strategies by 2030. Divert 75% of organic waste from landfills by 2025. Oil and gas fugitive methane emissions reduced 50% by 2030 and further reductions as infrastructure components retire in line with reduced fossil gas demand Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and would not involve any production of non-combustion methane emissions or organic waste. High GWP Potential Emissions Low GWP refrigerants introduced as building electrification increases, mitigating HFC emissions. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is residential and does not include large-scale refrigeration uses. Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A) Table GHG-5: Local Actions Policies (Appendix D of the 2022 Scoping Plan) Action Consistency VMT Reduction Adopt and implement Complete Streets policies and investments, consistent with general plan circulation element requirements. Consistent. The proposed Project includes the installation of sidewalks along its frontage on Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue, improving existing conditions and supporting the City’s Complete Streets goals. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 103 Action Consistency Increase public access to shared clean mobility options (such as planning for and investing in electric shuttles, bike share, car share, transit). Consistent. The Project site is located in a developed urban area with sidewalks along all nearby roadways. The proposed Project includes the installation of sidewalks along its frontage on Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue, improving pedestrian access and connectivity. On-site walkways would link the internal roadway system to these new and existing off-site sidewalks. In addition, the nearest bus stop from the Project driveway is the Citrus -Reed stop, located approximately 0.04 miles (61.84 meters) east, providing convenient access to public transit. Amend zoning or development codes to enable mixed- use, walkable, and compact infill development (such as increasing allowable density of the neighborhood). Consistent. The proposed Project is consistent with the City’s WMXU-1 General Plan designation and zoning of FBC–Neighborhood District which has a maximum density of 5 du/acre. As mentioned previously, the proposed Project would consist of 34 market rate units and 3 very low-income affordable units, which qualify the Project for a density bonus under the State of California Density Bonus Law (CA Gov Code Section 65915). Therefore, the proposed Project’s density of 7 du/acre would be considered consistent pursuant to the Density Bonus Law. As such, the Project would not result in a zoning or development code amendment. Building Decarbonization Adopt all-electric new construction reach codes. Consistent. The proposed Project would comply with Title 24 Parts 6 and 11, which includes electric heat pumps installed during construction and electric hookups for all appliances. Adopt policies and incentive programs to reduce electrical loads from equipment plugged into outlets (such as purchasing Energy Star equipment for municipal buildings, occupancy sensors, smart power strips, equipment controllers, etc.). Consistent. The proposed Project would be constructed in accordance with Title 24 CALGreen requirements, which includes installation of Energy Star equipment and appliances in new buildings. Facilitate deployment of renewable energy production and distribution and energy storage. Consistent. The proposed Project would be constructed in accordance with the California Energy Code (Title 24 Part 6) to meet all requirements related to solar energy production and the CALGreen Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24 Part 11) to meet efficiency standards. Source: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis (Appendix A) 2024-2050 SCAG RTP/SCS The proposed Project would not interfere with the SCAG’s ability to achieve the region’s GHG reduction target of 19 percent below 2005 per capita emissions levels by 2035. Furthermore, the proposed Project is not regionally significant per State CEQA Guidelines Section 15206 and as such, it would not conflict with the SCAG RTP/SCS targets since those targets were established and are applicable on a regional level. SCAG’s Connect SoCal 2024 policies focus largely on regional transportation and the efficiency of transportation, which are implemented by counties and cities within the SCAG region, as part of the overall planning and maintenance of the regional transportation system. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 104 Overall, the proposed Project would comply with existing State regulations adopted to achieve the overall GHG emissions reduction goals identified in the 2022 Scoping Plan and would be consistent with applicable State plans and programs designed to reduce GHG emissions, such as SCAG's RTP/SCS. The regulations, plans, and polices adopted for the purpose of reducing GHG emissions that are directly applicable to the Project include the latest Title 24 Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and Nonresidential Buildings and the Title 24 California Green Building Standards Code (CALGreen). The Project would be required to comply with the latest Title 24 Standards at the time of building permit issuance. In addition, as described above, GHG emissions associated with construction and operation of the proposed Project would not exceed the thresholds set by SCAQMD. Therefore, implementation of the proposed Project would not conflict with any applicable plan, policy or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of GHGs and impacts would be less than significant. Conclusion With regard to the issue area of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the GPU EIR. 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated in the GPU EIR. 4. No mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR would be required because Project specific impacts would be less than significant. Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR) None. GPU Goals and Policies GPU greenhouse gas related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following: Community, Mobility and Circulation Element Goal 7: The city of Fontana participates in shaping regional transportation policies to reduce traffic congestion and greenhouse gas emissions. Policies: • Lead and participate in initiatives to manage regional traffic. • Coordinate with regional agencies and Caltrans to participate in regional efforts to maintain transportation infrastructure in Fontana. • Participate in the efforts of the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) to coordinate transportation planning and services that support greenhouse gas reductions. • Participate in the efforts by Caltrans to reduce congestion and improve traffic flow on area freeways. GPU EIR Mitigation Measures GPU EIR MM GHG-1: Prior to the issuance of building permits, future development projects shall demonstrate the incorporation of project design features that achieve a minimum of 28.5 percent reduction in GHG 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 105 emissions from non-mobile sources as compared to business as usual conditions. With regard to expansions/modifications of existing facilities, this mitigation measure shall be applied to the resulting incremental net increase in enclosed floor area. Future projects shall include, but not be limited to, the following list of potential design features (which include measures for reducing GHG emissions related to Transportation and Motor Vehicles). Energy Efficiency • Design buildings to be energy efficient and exceed Title 24 requirements by at least 5 percent. • Install efficient lighting and lighting control systems. Site and design building to take advantage of daylight. • Use trees, landscaping and sun screens on west and south exterior building walls to reduce energy use. Install light colored “cool” roofs and cool pavements. • Provide information on energy management services for large energy users. • Install energy efficient heating and cooling systems, appliances and equipment, and control systems (e.g., minimum of Energy Star rated equipment). • Implement design features to increase the efficiency of the building envelope (i.e., the barrier between conditioned and unconditioned spaces). • Install light emitting diodes (LEDs) for traffic, street and other outdoor lighting. • Limit the hours of operation of outdoor lighting. Renewable Energy • Install solar panels on carports and over parking areas. Ensure all industrial buildings are designed to have “solar ready” roofs. • Use combined heat and power in appropriate applications. Water Conservation and Efficiency • Create water-efficient landscapes with a preference for a xeriscape landscape palette. • Install water-efficient irrigation systems and devices, such as soil moisture-based irrigation controls. • Design buildings to be water-efficient. Install water-efficient fixtures and appliances (e.g., EPA WaterSense labeled products). • Restrict watering methods (e.g., prohibit systems that apply water to non-vegetated surfaces) and control runoff. • Restrict the use of water for cleaning outdoor surfaces and vehicles. • Implement low-impact development practices that maintain the existing hydrologic character of the site to manage storm water and protect the environment. (Retaining storm water runoff on-site can drastically reduce the need for energy-intensive imported water at the site). • Devise a comprehensive water conservation strategy appropriate for the Project and location. The strategy may include many of the specific items listed above, plus other innovative measures that are appropriate to the specific Project. • Provide education about water conservation and available programs and incentives. Solid Waste Measures • Reuse and recycle construction and demolition waste (including, but not limited to, soil, vegetation, concrete, lumber, metal, and cardboard). • Provide interior and exterior storage areas for recyclables and green waste and adequate recycling containers located in public areas. • Provide education and publicity about reducing waste and available recycling services. Transportation and Motor Vehicles • Limit idling time for commercial vehicles, including delivery and construction vehicles. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 106 • Promote ride sharing programs (e.g., by designating certain percentage of parking spaces for ride sharing vehicles, designating adequate passenger loading and unloading and waiting areas for ride sharing vehicles, and providing a web site or message board for coordinating rides). • Create local “light vehicle” networks, such as neighborhood electric vehicle (NEV) systems. • Provide the necessary facilities and infrastructure to encourage the use of low or zero emission vehicles (e.g., electric vehicle charging facilities and conveniently located alternative fueling stations). • Promote “least polluting” ways to connect people and goods to their destinations. • Incorporate bicycle lanes and routes into street systems, new subdivisions, and large developments. • Incorporate bicycle-friendly intersections into street design. • For commercial projects, provide adequate bicycle parking near building entrances to promote cyclist safety, security, and convenience. For large employers, provide facilities that encourage bicycle commuting (e.g., locked bicycle storage or covered or indoor bicycle parking). • Create bicycle lanes and walking paths directed to the location of schools, parks, and other destination points. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 107 5.9. HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Would the Project: Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact a) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials? b) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment? c) Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school? d) Be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment? e) For a Project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the Project result in a safety hazard or excessive noise for people residing or working in the Project area? f) Impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? g) Expose people or structures, either directly or indirectly, to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving wildland fires? 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 108 Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR The GPU EIR discussed hazards and hazardous materials impacts on pages 5.7-1 through 5.7-14 and determined impacts would be less than significant with compliance and/or adherence to Federal, State and local regulation, and goals and policies in the GP. Although the GPU EIR did not identify significant impacts related to hazards and hazardous materials, GPU EIR Mitigation Measures HAZ-1, HAZ-2, HAZ-4 and HAZ- 5 were included to be applied to future projects, as necessary, to reduce potential impacts. Project-Specific Impacts This section is based on the following reports: • Phase I Environmental Site Assessment, prepared in September 2024 by Converse Consultants (Converse Consultants, 2024), and included as Appendix F. • Phase II Environmental Site Assessment, prepared in October 2024 by Converse Consultants (Converse Consultants, 2024b), and included as Appendix G. a) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.7-5 through 5.7-7 and was determined to have a less-than-significant impact with compliance and/or adherence to Federal, State and local regulation, goals and policies in the GP. A hazardous material is defined as any material that, due to its quantity, concentration, or physical or chemical characteristics, poses a significant present or potential hazard to human health and safety or to the environment if released into the workplace or environment. Hazardous materials include, but are not limited to, hazardous substances, hazardous wastes, and any material that a business or the local implementing agency has a reasonable basis for believing would be injurious to the health and safety of persons or harmful to the environment if released into the workplace or the environment. Hazardous wastes require special handling and disposal because of their potential to damage public health and the environment. Construction Construction activities for the proposed Project would involve routine transport, use, and disposal of hazardous materials such as paints, solvents, oils, grease, and calking. In addition, routine hazardous materials would be used for fueling and serving construction equipment on-site. These types of hazardous materials routinely used during construction are not acutely hazardous, and all storage, handling, use, and disposal of these materials are regulated by existing state and federal laws that the Project is required to strictly adhere to. As a result, the routine transport, use or disposal of hazardous materials during construction activities for the proposed Project would be less than significant. Operation The Project involves the operation of 37 new residential units, which involve routinely using hazardous materials including solvents, cleaning agents, paints, pesticides, batteries, fertilizers, and aerosol cans. These types of materials are not acutely hazardous and would only be used and stored in limited quantities. The normal routine use of these hazardous materials pursuant to existing regulations would not result in a significant hazard to people or the environment in the vicinity of the Project. Therefore, operation of the Project would not result in a significant hazard to the public or to the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous waste, and impacts would be less than significant. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 109 b) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.7-5 through 5.7-7 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance and/or adherence to Federal, State and local regulation, goals and policies in the GP. In compliance with GPU Mitigation Measure HAZ-5, a Phase I Environmental Assessment (Phase I ESA), included as Appendix F, was completed for the proposed Project to identify recognized environmental conditions (RECs), including historical recognized environmental conditions (HRECs), and controlled recognized environmental conditions (CRECs) that may exist at the property. The term “recognized environmental conditions” means the presence or likely presence of any hazardous substances or petroleum products in, on, or at a property: (1) due to any release to the environment; (2) under conditions indicative of a release to the environment; or (3) under conditions that pose a material threat of a future release to the environment. The Phase I ESA identified the site as having an REC of historical agricultural uses on the site (Appendix F). As such, a Phase II ESA was prepared to conduct soil and soil gas sampling (included as Appendix G). According to the Phase II ESA, concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were below residential screening thresholds and only one arsenic sample was identified, which was less than the upper-bound arsenic background screening concentration. The Phase II ESA also determined that no volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations were reported in the samples (Appendix G). Construction As described previously, construction of the proposed Project would involve the limited use and disposal of hazardous materials. Equipment that would be used in construction of the Project has the potential to release gas, oils, greases, solvents; and spills of paint and other finishing substances. However, the amount of hazardous materials on-site would be limited, and construction activities would be required to adhere to all applicable regulations regarding hazardous materials storage and handling, as well as to implement construction BMPs (through implementation of a required SWPPP implemented by (RR HYD-1) to prevent a hazardous materials release and to promptly contain and clean up any spills, which would minimize the potential for harmful exposures. With compliance to existing laws and regulations, which is mandated by the City through construction permitting, the Project’s construction-related impacts would be less than significant. Operation As described previously, operation of the proposed 37 residential units includes use of limited hazardous materials, such as solvents, cleaning agents, paints, pesticides, batteries, fertilizers, and aerosol cans. Normal routine use of typical residential products pursuant to existing regulations would not result in a significant hazard to the environment, residents, or workers in the vicinity of the Project. As a result, operation of the proposed Project would not create a reasonably foreseeable upset and accident condition involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment, and impacts would be less than significant. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. c) Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.7-7 through 5.7-8 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance and/or adherence to Federal, State and local regulation, and goals and policies in the GP. The closest school to the Project site is Tokay Elementary School, located approximately 100 feet west of the Project site. However, the use, storage, and disposal of 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 110 hazardous materials during construction and operations would be in limited quantities due to the nature of the Project and would be disposed of in compliance with federal, state, and local regulations, which would reduce the potential for accidental release into the environment near a school. Further, emissions that would be generated from construction and operation of the Project were evaluated in the air quality analysis discussed above, and the emissions generated from the Project would not cause or contribute to an exceedance of the federal or state air quality standards. Thus, the Project would not emit hazardous or handle acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste near a school, and impacts would be less than significant. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact d) Be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment? No New Impact. The Phase I ESA prepared for the proposed Project conducted a database search to determine if the Project site or any nearby properties are identified as having hazardous materials (Appendix F). The Phase I ESA record search determined that the Project site is not on a list of hazardous materials sites. Further, while some adjoining properties to the north, west, and south have been identified in the regulatory database, no items of environmental concern were noted in the listings (Appendix F). Thus, impacts related to hazards from being located on or adjacent to a hazardous materials site would not occur from implementation of the proposed Project. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impact related to hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. e) For a Project within an airport land use plan, or where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the Project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the Project area? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.7-8 through 5.7-9 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with implementation of GPU goals and policies and compliance with the mitigation program contained in the City’s Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP). The proposed Project is not located within an airport land use plan or within two miles of an airport. The closest airport to the Project site is Ontario International Airport, which is located approximately 8 miles to the southwest. Further, the Project site is not within the identified Airport Land Use compatibility Plan contours (Appendix I). Therefore, the proposed Project would not result in an airport-related safety hazard for people residing or working in the Project area. The Project would have no impact on safety hazards related to airports. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. f) Impair implementation of an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.7-9 through 5.7-10 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with implementation of GPU goals and policies and compliance with the mitigation program contained in the City’s LHMP. Construction The proposed construction activities, including equipment and supply staging and storage, would occur within the Project site and would not restrict access of emergency vehicles to the Project site or adjacent areas. The installation of driveways and connections to existing infrastructure systems that would be implemented during construction of the proposed Project could require the temporary closure of one side or portions of Citrus 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 111 Avenue (i.e., hours or a few days). However, the construction activities would be required to ensure emergency access in accordance with Section 503 of the CFC (Title 24, California Code of Regulations, Part 9), which would be ensured through the City’s permitting process. The applicant would be required to obtain an Excavation and Traffic Control Permit Application for Minor Projects which would be ensured during plan check prior to grading permit. Thus, implementation of the Project through the City’s permitting process would ensure existing regulations are adhered to and would reduce potential construction related emergency access impacts to a less than significant level. Thus, impacts related to inadequate emergency access during construction activities would be less than significant. Operation Operation of the proposed Project would not result in a physical interference with an emergency response evacuation. Direct access to the Project site would primarily be provided from a 35-foot driveway on Citrus Avenue. In addition, a 21-foot-wide emergency vehicle access driveway is proposed on Tokay Avenue. The Project is also required to design and construct internal access and provide fire suppression facilities (e.g., hydrants and sprinklers) in conformance with the Fontana Municipal Code and the Fire Department prior to approval to ensure adequate emergency access pursuant to the requirements in Section 503 of the California Fire Code (Title 24, California Code of Regulations, Part 9) as adopted in Fontana Municipal Code Section 5-425 (RR HAZ-1). As a result, the proposed Project would not impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan, and impacts would be less than significant. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. g) Expose people or structures, either directly or indirectly, to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving wildland fires? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.7-10 through 5.7-11 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance of state and local regulations, the Fontana Municipal Code, LHMP, and the goals and policies of the GP. According to the CAL FIRE Hazard Severity Zone map, the Project site is not located within a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ) (CAL FIRE, 2025). Additionally, the Project site is located in a developed area and is not adjacent to wildlands. Implementation of the proposed Project would be required to adhere to the California Fire Code and would be reviewed by the City’s Building and Safety Division during the permitting process to ensure that the Project plans meets the general applicable adopted fire protection requirements (RR HAZ-1). Therefore, the proposed Project would result in a less than significant impact related to exposing people or structures to a risk of loss, injury or death involving wildland fire. Therefore, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GP EIR, and the Project would result in no new impact. Conclusion With regard to the issue area of hazards and hazardous materials, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the GPU EIR. 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated in the GPU EIR. 4. Mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR (GPU HAZ-2, HAZ-4 and HAZ-5) would be applied to the Project. These mitigation measures, detailed below, would ensure impacts related to hazardous materials are less than significant. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 112 Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR) RR GEO-1: California Building Code. The Project will be designed and constructed in accordance with Fontana Municipal Code Section 5-61, which adopts the CBC and California Residential Code (CRC), which are based on the International Building Code (IBC). New construction, alteration, or rehabilitation shall comply with applicable ordinances set forth by the City and/or by the most recent City building and seismic codes in effect at the time of Project design. RR HAZ-1: California Fire Code: The Project will be designed and constructed in accordance with Fontana Municipal Code Section 5-425, which adopts the CFC based on the IFC. New construction, alteration, or rehabilitation shall comply with applicable ordinances set forth by the City and/or by the Fontana Fire Protection District at the time of Project design. RR HYD-1: Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). The Project will be constructed in accordance with the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) General Permit for Storm Water Discharges Associated with the Construction and Land Disturbance Activities, Order No 2009- 0009-DWQ (as amended by 2010-0014-DWQ and 2012-0006-DWQ), NPDES No. CAS000002 (or the latest approved Construction General Permit). Compliance requires filing a Notice of Intent (NOI); a Risk Assessment; a Site Map; a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) and associated Best Management Practices (BMPs); an annual fee; and a signed certification statement. GPU Goals and Policies GPU hazards and hazardous materials related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following: Land Use, Zoning and Urban Design Element Goal 5: Fontana’s industrial uses are concentrated in a few locations that have easy access to regional transportation routes. Policies: • Fontana’s industrial uses are concentrated in a few locations that have easy access to regional transportation routes. • Maintain but do not expand existing heavy industrial land use areas in proximity to one another and to services for industrial uses. • Avoid locating small areas of residential uses where they will be surrounded by intensive commercial or industrial uses. Infrastructure and Green Systems Element Goal 8: All residences, businesses, and institutions have a dependable, environmentally safe means to dispose of solid waste. Policies: • Continue to use best practices for environmentally safe collection, transport and disposal of hazardous wastes. • Continue to maximize landfill capacity by supporting recycling innovations, such as organic waste recycling for compost. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 113 Noise and Safety Element Goal 1: The City of Fontana protects its sensitive land uses from excessive noise through diligent planning through 2035. Policies: • New sensitive land uses shall be prohibited in incompatible areas. • Noise-tolerant land uses shall be guided into areas irrevocably committed to land uses that are noise - producing, such as transportation corridors. • Where sensitive uses are to be placed along transportation routes, mitigation shall be provided to ensure compliance with state mandated noise levels. • Noise spillover or encroachment from commercial, industrial and educational land uses shall be minimized into adjoining residential neighborhoods or noise-sensitive uses. Goal 7: Threats to public and private property from urban and wildland fire hazards are reduced in Fontana. Policies: • The City shall continue to require residential, commercial, and industrial structures to implement fire hazard-reducing designs and features. • The City shall continue to ensure to the extent possible that fire services, such as fire equipment, infrastructure, and response times, are adequate for all sections of the city. • The City shall monitor development or redevelopment in areas where fire zones have been mapped through the city. Goal 8: The potential for hazardous contamination is reduced in the city of Fontana. Policy: The City shall strive to reduce the potential for residents, workers, and visitors to Fontana being exposed to hazardous materials and wastes. Goal 9: The City maintains regulations, plans, protocols and emergency training to reduce hazards and risks and to meet state and federal requirements for emergency assistance. Policies: • Keep hazard-mitigation and emergency services programs up to date. • Continue to provide hazard and risk mitigation and emergency training to public employees and the public at large. Public and Community Services Department Element Goal 2: Fontana’s Fire Department meets or exceeds state and national benchmarks for protection and responsiveness. • Policy: Continue the City’s successful partnership with the San Bernardino County Fire Department. GPU EIR Mitigation Measures GPU EIR Mitigation Measure HAZ-2: The City shall assure the continued response and capability of the San Bernardino County Fire Department/Fontana Fire Protection District to handle hazardous materials incidents in the City and along the sections of freeways that extend across the City. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 114 GPU EIR Mitigation Measure HAZ-4: The City shall identify roadways along which hazardous materials are routinely transported. If essential facilities, such as schools, hospitals, childcare centers or other facilities with special evacuation needs are located along these routes, identify emergency response plans that these facilities can implement in the event of an unauthorized release of hazardous materials in their area. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure HAZ-5: A Phase I Site Assessment shall be prepared in accordance with American Society of Testing and Materials Standards and Standards for Practice for All Appropriate Inquiries prior to issuance of a Grading Permit for future development. The Phase I Environmental Site Assessment shall investigate the potential for site contamination, and will identify Specific Recognized Environmental Conditions (i.e., asbestos containing materials, lead-based paints, polychlorinated biphenyls, etc.) that may require remedial activities prior to land acquisition or construction. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure HAZ-5 has been satisfied through a report that was prepared pursuant to these requirements. The report is included as Appendix F. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 115 5.10. HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY Would the Project: Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact a) Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements or otherwise substantially degrade surface or ground water quality? b) Substantially decrease groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that the Project may impede sustainable groundwater management of the basin? c) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river or through the addition of impervious surfaces, in a manner which would: i) result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site; ii) substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding on- or off- site; iii) create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff; or iv) impede or redirect flood flows? d) In flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones, risk release of pollutants due to Project inundation? e) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan? 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 116 Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to hydrology and water quality on pages 5.8-1 through 5.8-12. The GPU EIR determined impacts would be less than significant with compliance of state and city regulations and implementation of goals and policies of the GP. Project-Specific Impacts This section is based on the following report: • Preliminary Water Quality Management Plan, May 2026, by United Civil Inc. (United Civil Inc, 2026), and included as Appendix H. a) Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements or otherwise substantially degrade surface or groundwater quality? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.8-10 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance of state and City regulations as well as implementation of goals and policies of the GP. Construction Construction of the Project would require grading and excavation of soils, which would loosen sediment, and then have the potential to mix with surface water runoff and degrade water quality. Pollutants of concern during Project construction include sediments, trash, petroleum products, concrete waste (dry and wet), sanitary waste, and chemicals. During construction activities, excavated soil would be exposed, and there would be an increased potential for soil erosion and transport of sediment downstream compared to existing conditions. During a storm event, soil erosion could occur at an accelerated rate. In addition, construction - related pollutants, such as chemicals, liquid, and petroleum products (e.g., paints, solvents, and fuels), and concrete-related waste, could be spilled, leaked, or transported via stormwater runoff into adjacent drainages and into downstream receiving waters. However, the proposed Project would be required to comply with the NPDES construction regulations and the SWRCB General Permit No. CAS000002, SWRCB Order Number 2009-0009-DWQ, that requires development and implementation of a SWPPP. As part of the SWPPP, erosion and sediment control measures would be included to minimize potential pollutants from entering stormwater during Project construction. In addition, The SWPPP is required during the City’s plan check and permitting process. The SWPPP would include construction BMPs such as: • Prompt revegetation of proposed landscaped/grassed swale areas; • Perimeter gravel bags or silt fences to prevent off-site transport of sediment; • Storm drain inlet protection (filter fabric gravel bags and straw wattles), with gravel bag check dams within paved roadways; • Regular sprinkling of exposed soils to control dust during construction and soil binders for forecasted windstorms; • Specifications for construction waste handling and disposal; • Contained equipment wash-out and vehicle maintenance areas; • Erosion control measures including soil binders, hydro mulch, geotextiles, and hydro seeding of disturbed areas ahead of forecasted storms; • Construction of stabilized construction entry/exits to prevent trucks from tracking sediment on City roadways; 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 117 • Construction timing to minimize soil exposure to storm events; and • Training of subcontractors on general site housekeeping With adherence to the existing requirements and implementation of the appropriate BMPs as ensured through the City’s construction permitting process would ensure that the Project would not violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements, potential water quality degradation associated with construction activities would be minimized, and impacts would be less than significant. Operation The proposed Project involves the operation of residential uses, which could introduce pollutants such as chemicals from household cleaners, pesticides, sediment from landscaping, trash and debris, and oil and grease from vehicles. These pollutants have the potential to discharge into surface waters and degrade water quality. However, consistent with RR HYD-2, the Project would be required to prepare and implement a Water Quality Management Plan (WQMP) incorporating post-construction (permanent) Low Impact Development (LID) site design, source control, and treatment control Best Management Practices (BMPs). The LID design would minimize impervious surfaces and promote infiltration of runoff into landscaped areas. Source control BMPs would minimize pollutant generation at the source, while treatment control BMPs would remove pollutants from stormwater runoff prior to discharge. The proposed landscaped areas would include planting media designed to retain and filter runoff on-site, further enhancing infiltration. In addition, as described in Section 3.0, Project Description, a detention basin would be constructed in the southwest portion of the site. Stormwater runoff would be directed to this basin for treatment to remove sediments, nutrients, heavy metals, oxygen-demanding substances, oil and grease, bacteria, and pesticides before discharge to underground infiltration chambers. Any overflow would be conveyed to Tokay Avenue through the proposed three-foot parkway drain. Implementation of the source and treatment control BMPs identified in the Preliminary WQMP (Appendix H), which will be reviewed and approved by the City as part of the permitting process, would reduce potential pollutants to the maximum extent feasible. Therefore, the Project would not substantially degrade water quality and would remain consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. No new impacts related to water quality standards or waste discharge requirements would occur. b) Substantially decrease groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that the Project may impede sustainable groundwater management of the basin? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.8-10 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. Groundwater recharge is facilitated by percolation of stormwater through pervious surface areas to groundwater resources. Increasing the imperviousness of an area could interfere with groundwater recharge capabilities of an area. As described in the WQMP, the Project site in the existing condition is 0 percent impervious while the proposed Project condition would be 65 percent impervious (Appendix H). Therefore, the proposed Project would result in an increase of impervious surface compared to the existing conditions. As described previously, the Project would include a combination of an on-site infiltration basin and underground drainage infrastructure to manage stormwater in compliance with applicable municipal standards. The proposed infiltration basin is proposed in the southwestern portion of the site a designed to capture and treat stormwater runoff before discharge. In addition, the proposed Project includes approximately 94,585 SF of landscaped area, which would maximize natural infiltration capacity on-site. As a result, the proposed Project would not decrease groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 118 groundwater recharge such that the proposed Project may impede sustainable groundwater management of the basin. Therefore, the Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR and would result in no new impact on groundwater supplies or recharge. c) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river, or substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would: i. Result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site? No New Impact. The Project site does not contain a stream, river, creek, or other flowing water body. Thus, impacts related to alteration of the course of a stream or river would not occur. Construction Construction of the proposed Project would require grading and excavation of soils, which would loosen sediment and could result in erosion or siltation. However, as described previously, construction of the proposed Project requires City approval of a SWPPP prepared by a Qualified SWPPP Developer pursuant to the City of Fontana Municipal Code Section 23-507. The SWPPP is required for plan check and approval by the City, prior to provision of permits for the Project, and would include construction BMPs to reduce erosion or siltation. Typical BMPs for erosion or siltation, include use of silt fencing, fiber rolls, gravel bags, stabilized construction driveway, and stockpile management. Adherence to existing requirements and implementation of the required BMPs per the permitting process would ensure that erosion and siltation associated with construction activities would be minimized, and impacts would be less than significant. Operation During Project operation pervious areas would be landscaped. Thus, implementation of the Project would not generate soils that could erode. Also, the proposed drainage infrastructure would slow, and the proposed basin would retain stormwater, which would also limit the potential for erosion or siltation. The Project is required to implement a Preliminary WQMP pursuant to GPU RR HYD-2 (which has been prepared and is included as Appendix H) that describes how the Project would infiltrate, evapotranspire, or biotreat/biofilter stormwater. As a result, stormwater runoff and the potential for erosion and siltation would not increase with implementation of the proposed Project. Therefore, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. ii. Substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner that would result in flooding on- or off-site? No New Impact. As described in the previous response, the Project site does not contain a stream, river, creek, or other flowing water body. In addition, the proposed Project would be required to implement a SWPPP during construction that would implement BMPs, such as the use of silt fencing, fiber rolls, and gravel bags, that would ensure that runoff would not substantially increase during construction, and flooding on or off-site would not occur. Impacts would be less than significant. The proposed Project would increase the paved, impervious area on-site and increase surface runoff from those areas of the site. However, as described above, the Project would implement an operational WQMP that would install an on-site storm drain system and an infiltration basin that would manage and treat stormwater as required by the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) regulations. As described in Appendix H, methodology consistent with the San Bernardino Hydrology Manual was used for hydrologic calculations to ensure the proposed stormwater infrastructure would adequately accommodate the proposed Project. Thus, the Project 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 119 would not substantially increase stormwater runoff, and flooding on or off-site would not occur. Therefore, the Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR and would result in no new impact related to flooding on- or off-site. Therefore, the Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR and would result in no new impact related to flooding on- or off-site. iii. Create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.8-10 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. As described in the previous responses, the proposed Project would be required to implement a SWPPP during construction that would implement BMPs, such as the use of silt fencing, fiber rolls, and gravel bags, that would ensure that runoff would not substantially increase during construction, and that pollutants would not discharge from the Project site, which would reduce potential impacts to drainage systems and water quality to a less than significant level. Also, the Project would implement an operational WQMP that would detail the installation of an on- site storm drain system and an infiltration basin, in compliance with the Santa Ana RWQCB regulations. Also, as described in Appendix H, methodology consistent with the San Bernardino Hydrology Manual was used for hydrologic calculations to ensure the proposed stormwater infrastructure would adequately accommodate the proposed Project. Thus, operation of the proposed Project would not substantially increase stormwater runoff, and pollutants would be filtered on-site. Impacts related to drainage systems and polluted runoff would be less than significant with implementation of the existing requirements, which would be verified during the permitting process. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. iv. Impede or redirect flood flows? No New Impact. According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) the Project site is located within Zone X, an area of minimal flood hazard, per FEMA FIRM Map 06071C8652H and GP Figure 4.10-5, Flood Hazard Areas (FEMA, 2025). Thus, the proposed Project would not impede or redirect flood flows. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR impacts, and the Project would result in no new impact. d) In flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones, risk release of pollutants due to Project inundation? No New Impact. As discussed above, the Project site is located within a FEMA area of minimal flood hazard. A SWPPP that includes BMPs would be prepared and implemented as part of the Project to ensure pollutants are contained and would not be released from the Project site during construction (RR HYD-1). Therefore, implementation of the Project would not risk the release of pollutants due to Project inundation in a flood hazard zone. Tsunamis are tidal waves generally caused by earthquakes, sea floor landslides, rock falls, and exploding volcanic islands. The Project site is approximately 43 linear miles from the Pacific Ocean shoreline. Based on the inland location of the site, the Project site is not within a tsunami zone. A seiche is the sloshing of a closed body of water from earthquake shaking. Seiches are of concern relative to water storage facilities because inundation from a seiche can occur if the wave overflows a containment wall, such as the wall of a reservoir, water storage tank, dam, or other artificial body of water. The Project site is not within vicinity of any impounded bodies of water; thus, the Project is not at risk of a seiche. The nearest body of water is Santa Ana River, which is not a contained body of water with seiche potential. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 120 Therefore, impacts would be less than significant, and the Project would result in no new impact related to release of pollutants due to flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones. e) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan? No New Impact. The One Water One Watershed (OWOW) program was developed in effort by the Santa Ana Watershed Project Authority, a Joint Powers Authority (JPA) mandated to manage water quality within the Santa Ana River Watershed for multiple beneficial purposes. The OWOW program integrates water resources management with various disciplines such as land use planning, flood control, and natural resource management. Through compliance with the applicable NPDES permits, the Project would be consistent with the OWOW program developed for the region. The Project applicant would be required to prepare and implement a SWPPP during Project construction to avoid potential construction-related water quality impacts (RR HYD-1) per the Construction General Permit. The Project applicant would also be required to prepare and implement a WQMP to treat and capture post-construction stormwater runoff as part of Project operation per the County’s MS4 NPDES permit (RR HYD-2). Through implementation of the applicable construction and post-construction permitting requirements, the Project would not conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan. Pursuant to the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act, each high and medium priority basin, as identified by the California Department of Water Resources (DWR), is required to have a Groundwater Sustainability Agency (GSA) that will be responsible for groundwater management and development of a Groundwater Sustainability Plan (GSP). The Project site overlays the Chino Basin, which is adjudicated and has a Recharge Master Plan in place . As part of recharge efforts, several flood retention facilities have been modified to increase diversion rates, increase conservation storage, and subsequently increase the recharge of stormwater and dry-weather runoff. Identified recharge facilities are located outside of the Project site and would not be impacted by proposed development. In addition, the Project would not conflict with the City of Fontana Master Storm Drain Plan which analyzes the City’s existing and proposed drainage systems to help identify critical short-term and long-term drainage issues to prioritize capital improvement projects or with the County of San Bernardino Hydrology Manual, as mentioned previously. Impacts would be less than significant. Therefore, the Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR and would result in no new impacts related to implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan. Conclusion With regard to the issue area of hydrology and water quality, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the GPU EIR. 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated in the GPU EIR. 4. No mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR would be required because Project specific impacts would be less than significant. Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR) RR HYD-1: National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). The Project will be constructed in accordance with the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) General Permit for Storm 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 121 Water Discharges Associated with the Construction and Land Disturbance Activities, Order No 2009- 0009- DWQ (as amended by 2010-0014-DWQ and 2012-0006-DWQ), NPDES No. CAS000002 (or the latest approved Construction General Permit). Compliance requires filing a Notice of Intent (NOI); a Risk Assessment; a Site Map; a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) and associated Best Management Practices (BMPs); an annual fee; and a signed certification statement. RR HYD-2 Santa Ana RWQCB MS4 Permit. The Project will be constructed and operated in accordance with the Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems (MS4) permit under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program. The Santa Ana RWQCB Municipal Stormwater MS4 Permit (Order No. R8-2010-0036) authorizes discharge of urban runoff for the San Bernardino County Flood Control District, San Bernardino County and 16 municipal jurisdictions, including the City of Fontana. The MS4 Permit requires new development and redevelopment projects to adopt a WQMP to: • Control contaminants into storm drain systems • Educate the public about stormwater impacts • Detect and eliminate illicit discharges • Control runoff from construction sites • Implement BMPs and site-specific runoff controls and treatments GPU Goals and Policies/Standards GPU hydrology and water quality related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following: Infrastructure and Green Systems Element Goal 1: Fontana collaborates with public and private agencies for an integrated and sustainable water resource management program. Policy: Support initiatives to provide a long-term supply of the right water for the right use by working with regional providers and the One Water One Watershed Plan. Goal 6: Fontana has a stormwater-drainage system that is environmentally and economically sustainable and compatible with regional One Water One Watershed standards. Policies: • Continue to implement the Water Quality Management Plan for stormwater management that incorporates. • Low-impact and green- infrastructure standards. • Promote natural drainage approaches (green infrastructure) and other alternative nonstructural and structural best practices to manage and treat stormwater. GPU EIR Mitigation Measures None. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 122 5.11. LAND USE PLANNING Would the Project: Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact a) Physically divide an established community? b) Cause a significant environmental impact due to a conflict with any land use plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect? Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR The GPU EIR discussed land use and planning‐related impacts on pages 5.9-1 through 5.9-13 and determined impacts would be less than significant with adherence to goals and policies in the GP. Project-Specific Impacts a) Physically divide an established community? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.9-9 through 5.9-10 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. The physical division of an established community could occur if a major road (expressway or freeway, for example) were built through an existing community or neighborhood, or if a major development was built which was inconsistent with the land uses in the community such that it divided the community. The environmental effects caused by such a facility or land use could include lack of, or disruption of, access to services, schools, or shopping areas. It might also include the creation of blighted buildings or areas due to the division of the community. The Project site is currently undeveloped and is limited to low grasses and scattered shrubs. The site is infill, and as such would connect surrounding existing residential neighborhoods. The Project would be consistent with the land use and zoning designations for the site. In addition, the Project does not involve development of off-site roadways or other infrastructure that could divide a community. Conversely, existing sidewalks adjacent to the proposed Project site would be improved for pedestrian circulation. Therefore, consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR, implementation of the proposed Project would not physically divide an established community, and the Project would result in no new impact related to dividing an established community. b) Cause a significant environmental impact due to a conflict with any land use plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.9-11 through 5.9-12 and was determined to be less than significant. The Project site has an existing GP land use designation of WMXU- 1and a zoning designation of FBC. The WMXU-1 land use designation uses include a variety of medium- to 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 123 high- density residential types, retail and services, office, entertainment, education, civic, and open space. Pursuant to the City’s Zoning and Development Code Section 30-406, the project site falls within the Neighborhood District. The Neighborhood District under FBC allows for neighborhood uses such as residential uses, civic uses and/or public park uses. The proposed Project would include 37 single-family residences, consisting of 34 market rate units and 3 very low-income affordable units, which would result in a density of 7.0 du/acre. However, as mentioned in Section 5.1, Aesthetics, the Project would be consistent with affordability requirements under the Density Bonus Law. Pursuant to Gov Code Section 65915, waivers and concessions for several development standards shall be granted by the City unless certain findings can be met, and no such circumstances arise here. Therefore, the Project would be consistent with the existing GP and zoning designation of the Project site. The Project does not involve conflict with any other land use related policy, as detailed throughout this CEQA Streamline Exemption, and impacts related to conflict with a policy adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect would not occur. Therefore, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings contained in the GPU EIR, and the Project would result in no new impact. Conclusion With regards to the issue area of land use and planning, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the GPU EIR. 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated in the GPU EIR. 4. No mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR would be required because Project specific impacts would be less than significant. Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR) None. GPU Goals and Policies GPU Land Use and Planning related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following: Land Use, Zoning and Urban Design Element Goal 2: Fontana development patterns support a high quality of life and economic prosperity. Policy: Recognize and respect that the established design patterns of many of Fontana’s existing neighborhoods are unique and different from policies for new and future neighborhoods. GPU EIR Mitigation Measures None. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 124 5.12. MINERAL RESOURCES Would the Project Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact a) Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the state? b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan, or other land use plan? Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR The GPU EIR discussed impacts to mineral resources on page 7-10. The GPU EIR determined that impacts related to mineral resources would not be significant. Project-Specific Impacts a) Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the state? No New Impact. In order to protect the availability of mineral resources of value, the California Department of Conservation identifies sites to which continuing access is important to satisfying mineral production needs of the region and the state. The relative importance of potential mineral resource sites is indicated by inclusion in one of four Mineral Resource Zones (MRZ): • MRZ 1: No mineral resources • MRZ 2: Significant resource area (quality and quantity known) • MRZ 3: Significant resource area (quality and quantity unknown) • MRZ 4: No information (applies primarily to high-value ores) According to the GPU EIR, there are no policies that conflict with the recovery of future mineral resources. The Project site is also not identified as containing mineral resources. The Project site has a land use designation of WMXU-1 and is zoned FBC-Neighborhood District, thus the site is not planned to be used for mineral extraction. Additionally, the Project site is fully surrounded by urban land uses (residential), and the existing land use is incompatible with mining operations. Therefore, consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR, the Project would result in no new impact to mineral resources. b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resource recovery site delineated on the general plan, specific plan, or other land use plan? No New Impact. As described previously, the Project site is not located within a delineated resource recovery site. Therefore, implementation of the Project would not affect the availability of locally important mineral 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 125 resources. According to the GPU EIR, there are no policies or conflicts with the protection of known, or unearthed, mineral resources within the Project area. As such, consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR, the Project would not conflict with any plans protecting mineral resources, and the Project would result in no new impact to mineral resources. Conclusion With regards to the issue area of mineral resources, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the GPU EIR. 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated in the GPU EIR. 4. No mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR would be required because Project specific impacts would be less than significant. Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR) None. GPU Goals and Policies None. GPU EIR Mitigation Measures None 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 126 5.13. NOISE Would the Project result in: Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact a) Generation of a substantial temporary or permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the Project in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies? b) Generation of excessive ground borne vibration or ground borne noise levels? c) For a Project located within the vicinity of a private airstrip or an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the Project expose people residing or working in the Project area to excessive noise levels? Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR The GPU EIR discussed noise and vibration impacts on pages 5.10-1 through 5.10-10 and determined noise related impacts would be less than significant with compliance and/or adherence to Federal, State and local regulation, implementation of goals and policies in the GPU. While the GPU EIR did not identify significant impacts related to noise, GPU EIR Mitigation Measures NOI-1 and NOI-2 have been included to reduce impacts of future projects to less than significant. Further, the GPU EIR discussed that noise -related impacts would be analyzed on a case-by-case basis and appropriate mitigation would be applied as needed. Project-Specific Impacts This section was prepared using the following report: • Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis, prepared September 2025, by LSA, (LSA, 2025) included as Appendix I. Existing Noise Levels As detailed in the Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I), to identify the existing ambient noise level environment, two long-term (24-hour) noise level measurements were taken at locations near the Project site. Table N-1 presents a summary of the measured hourly and maximum noise levels and calculated community noise equivalent level (CNEL) from the long-term noise level measurements. As shown in Table N- 1, hourly noise levels around the Project site are as low as 51.1 dBA Leq during both daytime and nighttime hours. Figure N-1, Noise Measurement Locations, shows the location of the long-term noise measurements. Noise Measurement Locations Figure N-17844-7866 Citrus Avenue Project City of Fontana t l e P l o l i a P l Miller Av e e r i a A v e g a i l P l E l s a l e y D r G a b ri e t r u s A v e R amon a Ave ne St Fontana Metrolink Plaza ± Legend 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 128 This page intentionally left blank. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 129 Table N-1: Noise Measurement Locations Site No. Location Daytime Noise Levels1 (dBA Leq) Evening Noise Levels2 (dBA Leq) Nighttime Noise Levels3 (dBA Leq) Daily Noise Levels (dBA CNEL) LT-1 Near the northwest corner of the project site, in the tree west of 16015 Malaga Avenue. Approximately 25 feet from the Tokay Avenue centerline. 61.3-66.9 61.4-63.3 51.1-60.4 65.8 LT-2 Near the southeast corner of Citrus Avenue and Harvey Drive, on the first tree east of Citrus Avenue, approximately 65 feet from the Citrus Avenue centerline. 68.0-70.8 67.8-68.3 60.3-68.4 72.7 Source: Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I). Note: Noise measurements were conducted from August 19 to August 20, 2025, starting at 9:00 a.m. 1 Daytime Noise Levels = noise levels during the hours of 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. 2 Evening Noise Levels = noise levels during the hours of 7:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. 3 Nighttime Noise Levels = noise levels during the hours of 10:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m. CNEL = Community Noise Equivalent Level dBA = A-weighted decibels Leq = equivalent continuous sound level City of Fontana Noise Standards Section 30-469 of the Fontana Municipal Code regulates operational noise impacts for residential zoning districts. The performance standards found in Section 30-469 limit the exterior noise level to 65 dBA Leq during the daytime and nighttime hours, and the interior noise level to 45 dBA Leq during the daytime and nighttime hours at sensitive receiver locations. Section 18-63(b)(7) of the Fontana Municipal Code regulates construction noise impacts and limits construction activities to the hours of 7:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. on weekdays and between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. on Saturdays except in the case of urgent necessity. Construction activities shall be conducted in such a manner that the maximum noise levels at the affected structures would not exceed those listed in Table N-2. These standards are included as part of the City of Fontana’s Standard Conditions of Approval and included in this document in Section 3.6. Federal Transit Administration (FTA) Manual Because the City does not have construction noise level limits, construction noise for the Project was assessed using criteria from the Federal Transit Administration’s (FTA) Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment Manual (FTA, 2018). Table N-2 presents the FTA’s general assessment daytime construction noise criteria. Table N-2: Federal Transit Administration Daytime Construction Noise Criteria Land Use Daytime 1-hour Leq (dBA) Residential 80 Commercial 85 Industrial 90 Source: Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I). 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 130 FTA Vibration Standards Vibration standards included in the FTA Manual are used in this analysis for ground-borne vibration impacts on human annoyance. The criteria for environmental impact from ground-borne vibration and noise are based on the maximum levels for a single event. Table N-3 provides the criteria for assessing the potential for interference or annoyance from vibration levels in a building. Table N-3: Vibration Annoyance Criteria Land Use Max LV (VdB)1 Description of Use Workshop 90 Vibration that is distinctly felt. Appropriate for workshops and similar areas not as sensitive to vibration. Office 84 Vibration that can be felt. Appropriate for offices and similar areas not as sensitive to vibration. Residential Day 78 Vibration that is barely felt. Adequate for computer equipment and low- power optical microscopes (up to 20×). Residential Night and Operating Rooms 72 Vibration is not felt, but ground-borne noise may be audible inside quiet rooms. Suitable for medium-power microscopes (100×) and other equipment of low sensitivity. Source: Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I) Table N-4 lists the potential vibration building damage criteria associated with construction activities, as suggested in the FTA Manual. FTA guidelines show that a vibration level of up to 0.5 in/sec in peak particle velocity (PPV) is considered safe for buildings consisting of reinforced concrete, steel, or timber (no plaster), and would not result in any construction vibration damage. Table N-4: Vibration Damage Criteria Building Category PPV (in/sec) Extremely fragile historic buildings, ruins, ancient monuments 0.08 Fragile buildings 0.10 Historic and some old buildings 0.25 Older residential structures 0.30 New residential structures 0.50 Modern industrial / commercial buildings 0.50 Source: Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I) a) Generation of substantial temporary or permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.10-4 through 5.10-6 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. Construction Construction of the Project is anticipated to last 16 months and would involve site preparation, grading, building construction, paving, architectural coatings, and landscape installation. These activities would require use of heavy equipment that would increase noise levels in the immediate area. The noise from construction activity would fluctuate depending on the particular type, number, and duration of use of construction 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 131 equipment. Additionally, noise associated with construction of the Project would be temporary in nature and would cease upon completion of the Project. Table N-5 below lists typical construction equipment noise levels based on a distance of 50 feet between the equipment and a noise receptor. As shown, noise levels generated by heavy construction equipment can range from approximately 55 dBA to 95 dBA when measured at 50 feet. Table N-5: Typical Construction Equipment Noise Levels Equipment Description Acoustical Use Factor1 (percent) Maximum Noise Level (Lmax) at 50 feet2 Auger Drill Rig 20 84 Backhoes 40 80 Compactor (ground) 20 80 Compressor 40 80 Cranes 16 85 Dozers 40 85 Dump Trucks 40 84 Excavators 40 85 Flat Bed Trucks 40 84 Forklift 20 85 Front-end Loaders 40 80 Graders 40 85 Impact Pile Drivers 20 95 Jackhammers 20 85 Paver 50 77 Pickup Truck 40 55 Pneumatic Tools 50 85 Pumps 50 77 Rock Drills 20 85 Rollers 20 85 Scrapers 40 85 Tractors 40 84 Trencher 50 80 Welder 40 73 Note: Noise levels reported in this table are rounded to the nearest whole number 1 Usage factor is the percentage of time during a construction noise operation that a piece of construction equipment is operating at full power. 2 Maximum noise levels were developed based on Specification 721.560 from the Central Artery/Tunnel program to be consistent with the City of Boston’s Noise Code for the “Big Dig” project. Lmax = maximum instantaneous sound level Source: Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I) The closest sensitive receptors to the Project site include single-family homes located immediately adjacent to the Project site boundaries, approximately 5 feet away. Table N-6 below shows the nearest sensitive uses to the Project site, their distance from the center of construction activities, and composite noise levels expected during construction. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 132 Table N-6: Construction Noise Levels at the Nearby Sensitive Receptors Receptor (Location) Composite Noise Level at 50 feet1 (dBA Leq) Distance from Center of Construction Activities (feet) Composite Noise Level (dBA Leq) Residential (South) 90 170 79 Residential (North) 170 79 Residential (East) 400 72 Residential (West) 360 73 1The composite construction noise level represents the grading phase which is expected to result in the greatest noise level a s compared to other phases. dBA = average A-weighted decibels; Leq = equivalent continuous sound level Source: Noise and Vibration Impact Report (Appendix I) As shown in Table N-6, it is expected that composite noise levels during construction would reach 79 dBA Leq at the nearest off-site residential uses to the south of the site during daytime hours. These predicted noise levels would only occur when all construction equipment is operating simultaneously and, therefore, are assumed to be conservative in nature. While construction-related short-term noise levels have the potential to be higher than existing ambient noise levels in the Project area under existing conditions, the noise impacts would no longer occur once Project construction is completed. Therefore, construction noise impacts would be considered less than significant and now new impact would occur. However, GPU EIR Mitigation Measure NOI-2 which includes procedures related to construction hours, construction equipment and staging areas, has been included to further reduce construction noise. Additionally, the City’s noise-related Standard Conditions of Approval specify noise-reduction measures that shall be followed during the time of construction. In addition, in compliance with Fontana Municipal Code Section 18-63, GPU EIR Mitigation Measure NOI-2, and Standard Conditions of Approval, construction activities would be limited to the hours of 7:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. on weekdays and between the hours of 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. on weekends. As it relates to off-site uses, construction-related noise impacts would also remain well below the 80 dBA Leq construction noise level criteria for daytime construction as established by the FTA for residential uses. Operation Operational noise generated from the Project would primarily occur from traffic. According to the Noise and Vibration Impact Report, the Project is estimated to result in an increase of 349 average daily trips (ADT) which would result in an increase of approximately 0.1 dBA CNEL along Citrus Avenue and an increase of 0.4 dBA CNEL along Tokay Avenue (Appendix I). A noise level increase of less than 1 dBA would not be perceptible to the human ear; therefore, the traffic noise increase would be less than significant. Adjacent off-site land uses would be potentially exposed to stationary-source noise impacts from the proposed on-site heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment. However, the Project would comply with the City’s exterior daytime and nighttime noise levels pursuant to Fontana Municipal Code Section 30-469. The most conservative assessment of potential impact would be the residences to the north, located approximately 25 to 40 feet away from the closest proposed HVAC units. After distance attenuation, noise generated from on-site HVAC equipment would potentially reach up to a combined noise level of 57.4 dBA Leq, which would not exceed the City’s exterior daytime (7:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.) and nighttime (10:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m.) noise standards of 65 dBA Leq, respectively, for residential uses. Further, noise associated with the on-site HVAC equipment would not exceed the City’s noise standard and impacts related to stationary noise would be less than significant. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 133 Therefore, noise impacts from Project-related traffic on off-site sensitive receptors would be less than significant. As such, the Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR and would result in no new impacts related to temporary and permanent increase in noise. b) Generation of excessive ground borne vibration or ground borne noise levels? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.10-6 through 5.10-7 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with implementation of goals and policies. Construction Construction activity can cause varying degrees of ground vibration, depending on the equipment and methods used, the distance to receptors, and soil type. Construction vibrations are intermittent, localized intrusions. The use of heavy construction equipment, particularly large bulldozers, and large loaded trucks hauling materials to or from the site generate construction-period vibration impacts. The Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I) uses vibration standards in the FTA Manual to analyze ground-borne vibration impacts on human annoyance. The analysis discusses the level of human annoyance using vibration levels in VdB and assesses the potential for building damages using vibration levels in PPV (in/sec). As shown in Table N-3, the threshold at which vibration levels would result in annoyance would be 78 VdB for daytime residential uses. Table N-7 below shows the PPV and VdB values at 25 feet from the construction vibration source. Table N-7: Vibration Source Amplitudes for Construction Equipment Equipment Reference PPV/Lv at 25 ft PPV (in/sec) Lv (VdB)1 Pile Driver (Impact), Typical 0.644 104 Pile Driver (Sonic), Typical 0.170 93 Vibratory Roller 0.210 94 Hoe Ram 0.089 87 Large Bulldozer2 0.089 87 Caisson Drilling 0.089 87 Loading Trucks2 0.076 86 Jackhammer 0.035 79 Bulldozer 0.003 58 1 RMS vibration velocity in decibels (VdB) is 1 μin/sec. 2 Equipment shown in bold is expected to be used on site. μin/sec = microinches per second; ft = foot/feet; in/sec = inch/inches per second; LV = velocity in decibels; PPV = peak particle velocity; VdB = vibration velocity decibels Source: Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I) Table N-8 shows the summary of vibration annoyance levels due to construction equipment at each of the closest receptors. As shown in Table N-8, vibration levels are expected to approach 62 VdB at the closest residential use to the south, which is below the 78 VdB annoyance threshold for daytime residential uses. Additionally, since other building structures surrounding the Project site are farther away, they would experience further reduced vibration. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 134 Table N-8: Potential Construction Vibration Annoyance Impacts at Nearest Receptor Receptor (Location) Reference Vibration Level (VdB) at 25 feet1 Distance (feet)2 Vibration Level (VdB) Residential (South) 87 170 62 Residential (North) 170 62 Residential (East) 400 51 Residential (West) 370 52 1 The reference vibration level is associated with a large bulldozer which is expected to be representative of the heavy equipment used during construction. 2 The reference distance is associated with the average condition, identified by the distance from the center of construction activities to surrounding uses. Source: Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I) Table N-9 shows the summary of potential construction damage due to construction equipment at each of the closest receptors. Based on the information provided in Table N-9, vibration levels are expected to approach 0.428 PPV in/sec at the surrounding structures which would not exceed the 0.5 PPV in/sec damage threshold considered safe for residential structures. Thus, no vibration impacts would occur. Table N-9: Potential Construction Vibration Damage Impacts at Nearest Receptor Receptor (Location) Reference Vibration Level (PPV) at 25 feet1 Distance (feet)2 Vibration Level (PPV) Residential (South) 0.089 6 0.428 Residential (North) 16 0.174 Residential (East) 90 0.013 Residential (West) 110 0.010 1 The reference vibration level is associated with a large bulldozer which is expected to be representative of the heavy equipment used during construction. 2 The reference distance is associated with the peak condition, identified by the distance from the perimeter of construction activities to surrounding structures. Source: Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis (Appendix I) Additionally, as discussed above, construction activities are regulated by the Fontana Municipal Code, which limits construction activities between the hours of 7:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. on weekdays and between the hours of 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. on weekends. Therefore, vibration impacts would not occur during the more sensitive nighttime hours and construction vibration impacts would be less than significant. No new impact would occur. Operation Once operational, the Project would not be a significant source of groundborne vibration. Groundborne vibration levels generated from Project-related traffic on the adjacent roadways are unusual for on road vehicles because the rubber tires and suspension systems of on-road vehicles provide vibration isolation. Based on a reference vibration level of 0.076 in/sec PPV, structures greater than 20 feet from the roadways that contain Project trips would experience vibration levels below the most conservative standard of 0.12 in/sec PPV. Therefore, vibration levels generated from project-related traffic on the adjacent roadways would be less than significant. c) For a project located within the vicinity of a private airstrip or an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.10-8 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with implementation of GPU goals and policies. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 135 The closest airport to the Project site is Ontario International Airport, which is located approximately 8 miles to the southwest. The proposed Project is not located within the Ontario International Airport land use compatibility plan or within the 60-65 dBA CNEL noise contour of the airport. Therefore, the consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR, the proposed Project would not result in airport-related noise impacts to people residing or working within the Project site. No new impact would occur. Conclusion With regards to the issue area of noise, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the GPU EIR. 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated in the GPU EIR. 4. Feasible mitigation measures within the GPU EIR (NOI-1 and NOI-2) in addition to the recommendations provided in the technical study would be applied to the Project. These mitigation measures, detailed below would reduce Project specific impacts to be less than significant. Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR) The Proposed Project would be subject to comply with the City’s Noise Standard Conditions of Approval as listed below: The construction contractor will use the following source controls at all times: f. Construction shall be limited to 7:00 am to 6:00 pm on weekdays, 8:00 am to 5:00 pm on Saturdays, and no construction on Sundays and Holidays unless it is approved by the building inspector for cases that are considered urgently necessary as defined in Section 18-63(7) of the Municipal Code. g. For all noise-producing equipment, use types and models that have the lowest horsepower and the lowest noise generating potential practical for their intended use. h. The construction contractor will ensure that all construction equipment, fixed or mobile, is properly operating (tuned-up) and lubricated, and that mufflers are working adequately. i. Have only necessary equipment onsite. j. Use manually-adjustable or ambient-sensitive backup alarms. When working adjacent to residential use(s), the construction contractor will also use the following path controls, except where not physically feasible, when necessary: iv. Install portable noise barriers, including solid structures and noise blankets, between the active noise sources and the nearest noise receivers. v. Temporarily enclose localized and stationary noise sources. vi. Store and maintain equipment, building materials, and waste materials as far as practical from as many sensitive receivers as practical. GPU Goals and Policies GPU noise related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following: 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 136 Noise and Safety Element Goal 1: The City of Fontana protects its sensitive land uses from excessive noise through diligent planning through 2016. Policies: • New sensitive land uses shall be prohibited in incompatible areas. • Noise-tolerant land uses shall be guided into areas irrevocably committed to land uses that are noise - producing, such as transportation corridors. Goal 3: The City of Fontana’s residents are protected from the negative effects of “spill over” noise. • Policy: Residential land uses and areas identified as noise sensitive shall be protected from excessive noise from non-transportation sources including industrial, commercial, and residential activities and equipment. GPU EIR Mitigation Measures GPU EIR Mitigation Measure NOI-1: Prior to issuance of a grading permit, a developer shall contract for a site-specific noise study for the parcel. The noise study shall be performed by an acoustic consultant experienced in such studies and the consultant's qualifications and methodology to be used in the study must be presented to City staff for consideration. The site-specific acoustic study shall specifically identify potential noise impacts upon any proposed sensitive uses (addressing GP buildout conditions), as well as potential Project impacts upon off-site sensitive uses due to construction, stationary and mobile noise sources. Mitigation for mobile noise impacts, where identified as significant, shall consider facility siting and truck routes such that Project related truck traffic utilizes existing established truck routes. Mitigation shall be required if noise levels exceed 65 dBA, as identified in Section 30-182 [30-469] of the City’s Municipal Code. Satisfied by the Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis prepared by LSA, September 2025, which is included as Appendix I. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure NOI-2: To reduce impacts related to heavy construction equipment moving and operating on site during Project construction, grading, demolition, and paving prior to issuance of grading permits, the applicant shall ensure that the following procedures are followed: • Construction equipment, fixed or mobile, shall be properly outfitted and maintained with feasible noise- reduction devices to minimize construction generated noise. • Laydown and construction vehicle staging areas shall be located away from noise sensitive land uses if feasible. • Stationary noise sources such as generators shall be located away from noise sensitive land uses, if feasible. Construction hours, allowable workdays, and the phone number of the job superintendent shall be clearly posted at all construction entrances to allow surrounding property owners to contact the job superintendent 24 hours a day to report noise and other nuisance-related issues, if necessary. The point of contact shall be available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and have authority to commit additional assets to control dust after hours, on weekends, and on holidays. In the event that the City of Fontana receives a pattern of noise complaints, appropriate corrective actions shall be implemented, such as on­ site noise monitoring during construction activities, and a report of the action shall be provided to the reporting party. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 137 5.14. POPULATION AND HOUSING Would the Project: Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact a) Induce substantial unplanned population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of roads or other infrastructure)? b) Displace substantial numbers of existing people or housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR The GPU EIR discussed impacts to population and housing on pages 5.11-1 through 5.11-7 and determined impacts would be less than significant with implementation of the goals and policies in the GPU. The GPU EIR describes that the GPU includes policies to promote the development of housing appropriate for suburban areas served by adequate infrastructure and services and determined that development would result in population increases that are consistent with regional growth projections. Furthermore, the EIR determined that implementation of the GPU would not result in the displacement of people and/or housing. Project-Specific Impacts a) Induce substantial unplanned population growth in an area, either directly or indirectly? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.11-2 through 5.11-6 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with the implementation of the goals and policies in the GP. The California Department of Finance (CDOF) data details that the City of Fontana had a residential population of 219,172 as of January 2025 (California Department of Finance, 2025). Based on the average household size of 3.73 persons per household, the proposed 37 residential units would result in an increase of approximately 138 new residents. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 138 Based on SCAG Connect SoCal methodology, the City of Fontana had a population of 207,900 persons in 2019 and estimates that the City’s population will increase to 208,904 in 20501, which is a 0.5 percent increase (Southern California Association of Governments, 2024). SCAG also estimates that between 2019 and 2050, the number of housing units in the City will increase from 53,700 to 75,900 which is a 29.2 percent increase. The addition of 138 new residents would represent a population increase of 13.7 percent and the new housing units would result in a less than one percent increase in residential units within the City. Since the Project would be consistent with the General Plan’s allowed uses, the Project is consistent with SCAG’s anticipated growth. Therefore, the Project would not result in unplanned growth and impacts would be less than significant. Additionally, the proposed Project is in an urbanized residential area of the City that is already served by existing roadways and infrastructure systems. As mentioned previously, the Project would improve the adjacent sidewalks to the proposed Project. However, no other infrastructure would be extended to serve areas beyond the Project site, and indirect impacts related to growth would not occur from implementation of the proposed Project. Therefore, no new impacts related to inducement of unplanned population growth, either directly or indirectly, would occur and the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. b) Displace substantial numbers of existing people housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.11-6 and was determined to have no significant impact. The Project would develop 37 residential units on the Project site, which is currently undeveloped. No people or housing would be displaced by implementation of the proposed Project. Conversely, housing would be developed by the Project. Thus, the Project would not necessitate the construction of replacement housing elsewhere, and no new impacts would occur. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. Conclusion With regards to the issue area of population and housing, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the GPU EIR. 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated in the GPU EIR. 4. No mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR would be required because Project specific impacts would be less than significant. Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR). None. 1 The 2050 population estimate was derived using the methodology presented in Section 4.5 of the SCAG Demographics & Growth Forecast which states that an estimate of the future City-level population based on Connect SoCal’s household forecast can be derived using a county-level Population: Housing ratio from TABLE 12 and applying it to the City’s future household growth (Southern California Association of Governments, 2024) 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 139 GPU Goals and Policies Applicable to the Project GPU population and housing related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following: Land Use, Zoning, and Urban Design Goal 2: Fontana development patterns support a high quality of life and economic prosperity. Policy: • Preserve and enhance stable residential neighborhoods. • Promote interconnected neighborhoods with appropriate transitions between lower intensity and higher- intensity land uses. GPU EIR Mitigation Measures None. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 140 5.15. PUBLIC SERVICES Would the Project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for any of the public services: Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact a) Fire protection? b) Police protection? c) Schools? d) Parks? e) Other public facilities? Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR The GPU EIR discussed impacts to fire protection services on pages 5.12-4 through 5.12-7 and determined impacts would be less than significant with implementation of GP goals and policies. The GPU EIR discussed impacts to police services on pages 5.12-1 through 5.12-4 and determined impacts would be less than significant with implementation of GP goals and policies. The GPU EIR discussed impacts to school services on pages 5.12-27 through 5.12-30 and determined impacts would be less than significant with the payment of school development fees. The GPU EIR discussed impacts to park services on pages 5.12-30 through 5.12-35 and determined impacts would be less than significant. Project-Specific Impacts a) Fire Protection and Emergency Services No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-4 through 5.12-7 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. Fontana Fire Protection District (FFPD), which contracts with the San Bernardino County Fire Department, is the primary provider of fire suppression, pre-hospital emergency medical care, disaster preparedness coordination, hazard mitigation, and fire prevention services across 52.4 square miles within the City, including the Project site. There are seven fire stations, an administrative office, and a fire prevention office serving the city of Fontana. The closest fire station to the site is San Bernardino County Fire Station No. 78, which is located at 7110 Citrus Avenue, 1.0 miles from the site. In addition, San Bernardino County Fire Station No. 71 is located 2.2 miles from the site at 16980 Arrow Blvd. The proposed Project would develop the site with 37 new residences. Implementation of the Project would be required to adhere to the California Fire Code, as 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 141 included in the City’s Municipal Code Chapter 15.13 (RR HAZ-1). As part of the Project permitting process, Project plans would be reviewed by FFPD to ensure that the Project meets fire protection requirements. Due to the small increase in on-site people that would occur from implementation of the Project, an incremental increase in demand for fire protection and emergency medical services would occur. However, the increase in residents on-site would be limited (estimated 138 residents). The Project is consistent with the GP Land Use and Zoning designations thus the Project would be consistent with the GPU EIR’s evaluation of anticipated population growth. Further, the additional units allowed under the DBL would not substantiate an impact. Additionally, the Project would be required to comply with the provisions of Fontana Municipal Code Chapter 11.11.2, which requires the payment of fire protection fees for new development (RR PS-1). Payment of fire protection fees would ensure that the Project contributes to fair share funds for the provision of public service facilities, including fire protection services. Therefore, the proposed Project would not result in the construction of new or expanded fire stations to maintain acceptable service levels. Impacts related to fire protection services from the proposed Project would be less than significant and no new impacts related to fire protection services would occur. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. b) Police Protection No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-1 through 5.12-4 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. The Fontana Police Department (FPD) provides policing services throughout the City of Fontana. Fontana Police Department has one centrally located station at 17005 Upland Avenue, which is approximately 1.7 roadway miles southeast of the Project site. The FPD is staffed by 188 full-time sworn officers. According to the CDOF, the City of Fontana had a residential population of 219,172 as of January 2025 (California Department of Finance, 2025). Thus, there is an estimated less than one officer per 1,000 residents. Development of the proposed 37 residential units would result in an incremental increase in demand on law enforcement services. However, the increase would not be significant when compared to the current demand levels. As described in Section 5.14, Population and Housing, the residential population of the Project site at full occupancy would be approximately 138 residents. Given that the Project is consistent with the GP Land Use and Zoning designations, full buildout of the Project would be consistent with the GPU EIR’s evaluation of anticipated population growth and the additional units allowed under the DBL would not substantiate an impact. Further, the Project would be required to comply with the provisions of Fontana Municipal Code Section 5.8, which requires payment of capital facilities fees for new developments (RR PS-2). Thus, the increase in police service demands from the Project would not require construction of new or expanded facilities. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impact related to police protection. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. c) School Services No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-27 through 5.12-30 and was determined that no significant impacts were known at the time. The Project site is located within the Fontana Unified School District (FUSD). The FUSD currently operates 45 schools, including: 30 elementary schools, seven middle schools, five high schools, two alternative high schools and one adult school (Fontana Unified School District, 2025). The schools that would serve the Project site are Tokay Elementary School located at 7846 Tokay Avenue, which is 100 feet from the Project site; Almeria Middle School located at 7723 Almeria Avenue, which is 0.4 miles from the Project site; and A.B. Miller High School located at 6821 Oleander Avenue, which is 2.1 miles from the Project site (Fontana Unified School District, 2025). 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 142 The FUSD utilizes the student generation factors listed in Table PS-1. Using the highest generation factor for a conservative estimate, the proposed 37 residences could result in approximately 15 new students that would range in age from elementary through high school. Table PS-1: Student Generation Factor School Student Generation Factor Elementary School (TK-5) 0.1905 students/du Middle School (6-8) 0.0704 students/du High School (9-12) 0.1303 students/du du = dwelling unit Source: Fontana Unified School District, Developer Fee Justification Study (March 19, 2024) Additionally, pursuant to Government Code Section 65995 et seq., the need for additional school facilities is addressed through compliance with school impact fee assessment. Senate Bill 50 (Chapter 407 of Statutes of 1998) sets forth a state school facilities construction program that includes restrictions on a local jurisdiction’s ability to condition a project on mitigation of a project’s impacts on school facilities in excess of fees set forth in the Government Code. These fees are collected by school districts at the time of issuance of building permits for development projects. Pursuant to SB 50, payment of school impact fees constitutes complete mitigation under CEQA for Project‐related impacts to school services. Therefore, the Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR and would result in no new impacts related to school services. d) Parks No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-34 through 5.12-35 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. The City of Fontana has over 366 acres of parkland, including two parks less than a mile away. The Project would develop 37 new residential units and 0.18-acres (8,004 square feet) of common open space recreation area on the site for use by residents. As described previously, the Project would result in approximately 138 residents. Pursuant to Municipal Code 21-81, the Project would be required to dedicate parkland or pay in lieu fees to meet the needs of the citizens of the community for park land in compliance with Government Code Section 66477 (also known as the "Quimby Act") (RR REC-1). The City has adopted a standard of five acres of parkland per 1,000 residents. Based on this standard, the Project would require 0.69 acres of parkland dedication. While the Project would provide approximately 0.18-acres of common open space including the proposed recreational facilities and community area for use by residents, the Project would not qualify to take credit for private open space provided because it does not meet the minimum provision of three acres, as required by the City (Municipal Code Section 21-92). Thus, the Project would be responsible for paying in lieu fees for the entire demand of 0.69 acres of parkland to contribute to the maintenance, construction, or expansion of recreational facilities (RR REC-1). Additionally, the City currently has over 366 acres of parkland, with two parks within one mile of the site available for use by residents. Therefore, due to the amount of available park space within the vicinity of the Project site, future residents are not anticipated to increase the use of existing parks and recreation facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of such parks and facilities would occur. Therefore, with implementation of proposed recreational amenities and payment of in lieu fees (RR REC-1), impacts would be less than significant and no new impact would occur. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 143 e) Other Public Facilities No New Impact. The proposed Project would develop the Project site with 37 residential units within an area that already contains residential land uses. The additional residences would result in a limited incremental increase in the need for additional services, such as public libraries and post offices, etc. Because the Project area is already served by other services and the Project would result in a limited increase in population, the Project would not result in the need for new or physically altered facilities to provide other services, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts related to other public facilities. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. Conclusion With regards to the issue area of public services, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the GPU EIR. 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated in the GPU EIR. 4. No mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR would be required because Project specific impacts would be less than significant. Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR) RR HAZ-1: California Fire Code. The Project will be designed and constructed in accordance with Fontana Municipal Code Section 5-425, which adopts the CFC based on the IFC. New construction, alteration, or rehabilitation shall comply with applicable ordinances set forth by the City and/or by the Fontana Fire Protection District at the time of Project design. RR PS-1. Pursuant to Municipal Code Section 5-8, owners of all new or expanded development shall pay a police capital facilities fee. RR PS-2. Pursuant to Municipal Code Section 11-11-2, owners of all new or expanded development shall pay a police capital facilities fee. RR REC-1. Pursuant to Municipal Code Section 21-81, projects are required to dedicate land for a park or pay a fee in lieu thereof, or a combination of both, at the option of the City except as otherwise provided in Government Code Section 66477, for the purpose of developing new or rehabilitating existing neighborhood or community parks and recreational facilities. GPU Goals and Policies GPU public services related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following: Public and Community Services Element Goal 1: Fontana's crime rate continues to be below state and county rates. Policies: • Continue the Police Department’s successful community policing programs. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 144 • Provide appropriate security for new amenities, such as trails and parks. • Support Police Department needs for staff and technology to keep up with population growth and contemporary policing methods. • Promote and enhance use of anti-crime design strategies and programs. Goal 2: Fontana's Fire Department meets or exceeds state and national benchmarks for protection and responsiveness. Policy: Continue the City’s successful partnership with the San Bernardino County Fire Department. Noise and Safety Element Goal 4: Seismic injury and loss of life, property damage, and other impacts caused by seismic shaking, fault rupture, ground failure, earthquake-induced landslides, and other earthquake-induced ground deformation are minimized in the City of Fontana. Policy: The City shall ensure to the fullest extent possible that, in the event of a major disaster, essential structures and facilities remain safe and functional, as required by current law, including hospitals, police stations, fire stations, emergency operation centers, communication centers, generator s and substations, and reservoirs. Goal 7: Threats to public and private property from urban and wildland fire hazards are reduced in the City of Fontana. Policies: • The City shall require residential, commercial, and industrial structures to implement fire hazard-reducing designs and features. • The City shall ensure to the extent possible that fire services, such as fire equipment, infrastructure, and response times are adequate for all sections of the city. • The City maintains regulations, plans, protocols and emergency training to reduce hazards and risks, and meet State and Federal requirements for emergency assistance. • The City shall keep hazard mitigation and emergency services programs up to date. • The City shall continue to provide hazard and risk mitigation and emergency training to public employees and the public at large. Goal 9: The City maintains regulations, plans, protocols and emergency training to reduce hazards and risks, and meet State and Federal requirements for emergency assistance. Policy: The City shall keep hazard mitigation and emergency services programs up to date. Open Space for Outdoor Recreation, Public Health, and Safety Goal 1: The city of Fontana has no-net-loss policy for public parkland. Policy: • Establish legal requirements for replacement, when any city owned park land is listed in the California Protected Lands database is transferred to other uses, with land of equivalent environmental, recreational, or aesthetic value. Goal 2: All Fontana residents live within walking or biking distance of a public park and there are sufficient public parks to serve all areas of the city. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 145 Policies: • Establish park access by walking and biking as a criterion for park location and for design of active transportation networks. • Continue to use a minimum standard of 5 acres of public parkland per 1,000 persons. Goal 3: All public parks are designed and maintained to a high standard. Policies: • Promote park designs that can serve multiple constituencies and provide aesthetic benefits. • Provide sufficient funding to support adequate park maintenance. Goal 5: Fontana updates the Parks, Recreation and Trails Master Plan at least every 10 years. Policy: Support a Parks, Recreation, and Trails Master Plan update consistent with the GP in 2018 and every 10 years thereafter. GPU EIR Mitigation Measures None. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 146 5.16. RECREATION Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact a) Would the Project increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated? b) Does the Project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment? Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR The GPU EIR discussed impacts to parks and recreational facilities on pages 5.12-30 through 5.12-37 and determined impacts would be less than significant. Several GPU Goals and Policies were identified within this section of the GPU EIR. Additionally, the Project would comply with GPU goals and policies, as well as the provisions of the Fontana Municipal Code. Project-Specific Impacts a) Increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that physical deterioration of the facility would be accelerated? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-35 through 5.12-37 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. As described previously, the Project is anticipated to result in 138 residents, which could in turn increase demand for park and recreational facilities. Using the City’s standard of five acres of public parkland per 1,000 persons, the Project would result in a demand for 0.69 acres or 30,056.4 square feet of parkland to support additional residents. Pursuant to Municipal Code 21-81, the Project would be required to dedicate parkland or pay in lieu fees to meet the needs of the citizens of the community for park land in compliance with Government Code Section 66477 (also known as the "Quimby Act") (RR REC-1). While the Project would provide approximately 0.18-acres (8,004 square feet) of common open space including the proposed recreational facilities and community area for use by residents, the Project would qualify to take credit for the private open space because it does not meet the minimum provision of three acres, as required by the City (Municipal Code Section 21-92). Thus, the Project would be required to pay in lieu fees for the Project’s entire demand of 0.69 acres to contribute to the construction or expansion of recreational facilities in the City (RR REC-1). 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 147 Additionally, the City currently has over 366 acres of parkland, with two parks within one mile of the site available for use by residents. Therefore, due to the amount of available park space within the vicinity of the Project site, future residents are not anticipated to increase the use of existing parks and recreation facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of such parks and facilities would occur. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant, and no new impact would occur. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. b) Require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-34 to 5.12-35 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. As described above, the Project includes 0.18-acres (8,004 square feet) of common open space. The Project does not include the construction or expansion of parks beyond the private on-site 0.18-acre open space area. As described above, the Project would result in the need for approximately 0.69 acres of parkland to serve the future population. However, the Project would pay in lieu fees to contribute to the construction or expansion of recreational facilities, consistent with Municipal Code Section 21-81, (RR REC-1). As a result, impacts would be less than significant, and no new impacts related to expansion of recreational facilities would occur. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. Conclusion With regards to the issue area of recreation, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the GPU EIR. 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated in the GPU EIR. 4. No mitigation measures are contained within the GPU EIR because impacts would be less than significant. Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR) RR REC-1. Pursuant to Municipal Code Section 21.21.81, Projects are required to dedicate land for a park or pay a fee in lieu thereof, or a combination of both, at the option of the City except as otherwise provided in Government Code Section 66477, for the purpose of developing new or rehabilitating existing neighborhood or community parks and recreational facilities. GPU Goals and Policies GPU recreation resource related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following: Open Space for Outdoor Recreation, Public Health, and Safety Goal 1: The city of Fontana has no-net-loss policy for public parkland. Policy: • Establish legal requirements for replacement, when any city owned park land is listed in the California Protected Lands database is transferred to other uses, with land of equivalent environmental, recreational, or aesthetic value. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 148 Goal 2: All Fontana residents live within walking or biking distance of a public park and there are sufficient public parks to serve all areas of the city. Policies: • Establish park access by walking and biking as a criterion for park location and for design of active transportation networks. • Continue to use a minimum standard of 5 acres of public parkland per 1,000 persons. Goal 3: All public parks are designed and maintained to a high standard. Policies: • Promote park designs that can serve multiple constituencies and provide aesthetic benefits. • Provide sufficient funding to support adequate park maintenance. Goal 5: Fontana updates the Parks, Recreation and Trails Master Plan at least every 10 years. • Policy: Support a Parks, Recreation, and Trails Master Plan update consistent with the GP in 2018 and every 10 years thereafter. GPU EIR Mitigation Measures None. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 149 5.17. TRANSPORTATION Would the Project: Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact a) Conflict with a program, plan, ordinance or policy addressing the circulation system, including transit, roadway, bicycle and pedestrian facilities? b) Would the Project conflict or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines section 15064.3, subdivision (b)? c) Substantially increase hazards due to a geometric design feature (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment)? d) Result in inadequate emergency access? Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to transportation and traffic on pages 5.13-1 through 5.13-40. The GPU EIR determined that impacts would be less than significant with compliance of state and city regulations, implementation of goals and policies of the GPU and with implementation of Mitigation Measures TRA-1 through TRA-4. Project-Specific Impacts This section is based on the following report: • Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) Screening Analysis, prepared on August 15, 2025, by EPD Solutions, Inc. (EPD Solutions, Inc., 2025b), included as Appendix J. a) Conflict with a program, plan, ordinance, or policy addressing the circulation system, including transit, roadway, bicycle, and pedestrian facilities? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR (pages 5.13-15 through 5.13-34 and 5.13-37) and was determined to be less than significant with implementation of Mitigation Measure TRA-1. The measure requires roadway modifications along Citrus Avenue between Foothill Boulevard and Arrow Boulevard, including the installation of missing sidewalks, addition of Class II bicycle lanes consistent with the City’s Active Transportation Plan (ATP), and implementation of traffic calming measures as necessary to maintain traffic volumes appropriate for the roadway’s designation as a Secondary Highway. The measure also allows for removal of on-street parking and construction of raised medians to enhance vehicular 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 150 capacity. Funding for these improvements would be provided through the City’s Development Impact Fee (DIF) program, which is paid by new development as it occurs within the City. The proposed Project involves the construction of 37 single-family residential units. Vehicular access to the proposed Project would be provided via Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue. The main driveway to the Project site would be from a proposed 35-foot-wide access driveway on Citrus Avenue along the eastern portion of the Project site. In addition, the Project would include a 26-foot-wide gated driveway for emergency vehicle access along Tokay Avenue. Vehicular traffic to and from the Project site would utilize the existing network of regional and local roadways that currently serve the Project area. The proposed Project would construct internal roadways that would provide connection to and from proposed residences to adjacent areas. In addition, final design plans would be subject to review and approval by the City’s Planning Department prior to the issuance of building permits. As such, the proposed Project would not introduce any new roadways or land uses that would interfere with adopted plans, programs, ordinances, or policies regarding roadway facilities therefore impacts would be less than significant impact. The Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR and would have no new impact. Alternative Transportation The proposed Project would include improvements to the existing sidewalks along the Project site frontage on Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue. According to Figure 5.13-1, Existing Transportation Network, of the GPU EIR, a Class III bike route exists approximately 0.5 linear miles east of the Project site at Juniper Avenue. In addition, the portion of Citrus Avenue adjacent to the Project site is a planned Class II bike route. Implementation of the proposed Project would not alter or conflict with existing or planned bike lanes or bicycle transportation, including the ultimate buildout of Citrus Avenue as a Class II bike lane. Full buildout of Citrus Avenue would include striping for on street bicycle lanes, which would be reviewed and approved by the City of Fontana Engineering Department. The Fontana Metrolink Station is located approximately 2 roadway miles southeast of the Project site. Additionally, Omnitrans Bus Routes 67 and 10 exist along Citrus Avenue. The proposed Project would not disrupt service of the Metrolink Line nor Omnitrans existing Bus Routes. Therefore, the proposed Project would not conflict with alternative transportation and Project impacts to transit, bicycle, and pedestrian facilities would be less than significant. As such, there would be no new impacts. b) Would the project conflict or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines section 15064.3, subdivision (b)? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.13-34 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with compliance of state and city regulations. Senate Bill (SB) 743 was signed by Governor Brown in 2013 and required the Governor’s Office of Planning and Research (OPR) to amend the CEQA Guidelines to provide an alternative to LOS for evaluating transportation impacts. SB 743 specified that the new criteria should promote the reduction of GHGs, the development of multimodal transportation networks, and a diversity of land uses. In response, Section 15064.3 was added to the CEQA Guidelines beginning January 1, 2019, and states that the provisions of the section shall apply statewide beginning on July 1, 2020. CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.3 – Determining the Significance of Transportation Impacts states that vehicle miles traveled (VMT) is the most appropriate measure of transportation impacts and provides lead agencies with the discretion to choose the most appropriate methodology and thresholds for evaluating VMT. Based on OPR’s Technical Advisory and its specific procedures for complying with the new CEQA requirements for VMT analysis, the City of Fontana has developed and adopted their own VMT methodologies and thresholds (Section 12.2, City Traffic Impact Analysis Guidelines). The City Guidelines 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 151 describe specific “screening thresholds” that can be used to identify when a proposed land use project is anticipated to result in a less than significant impact without conducting a more detailed project level VMT analysis. Consistent with City Guidelines, a land use project needs only to satisfy one of the following four screening thresholds to result in a less than significant impact. Consistent with GPU EIR Mitigation Measure TRA-3, a VMT Screening Analysis was prepared by EPD Solutions Inc., in August 2025. Project consistency with screening thresholds is described below. 1. Transit Priority Area (TPA) Screening: City Guidelines state that projects located within a TPA (i.e. within one-half mile of an existing “major transit stop” or an existing stop along a “high-quality transit corridor”) may be presumed to have a less than significant impact. The Project site is not located within a TPA, thus this screening criteria is not met. 2. Low VMT Area Screening: City Guidelines state that projects located in an already low VMT generating traffic analysis zone (TAZ) may be presumed to have a less than significant VMT impact. TAZs that generate a VMT per service population (SP) that is 15 percent below the County of San Bernardino Baseline VMT per SP (33.3 VMT per SP) are considered low VMT. 3. The Project is located in TAZ 53716201 and was found to have a VMT per service population of 28.6. Given that the VMT/ Service Population would not exceed the threshold of 33.6 VMT per SP, the Project would meet screening criteria. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. 4. Project Type Screening: City Guidelines identify local serving retail with buildings less than 50,000 square feet or other local serving essential services as having a less than significant VMT impact. The proposed Project would not develop any local serving retail or essential land use services. Thus, this screening criteria is not met. 5. Low Trip Generating Uses Screening: City Guidelines state that land use projects which would generate fewer than 500 average daily trips (ADT) would not cause a substantial increase in the total citywide or regional VMT and would have a less than significant impact on VMT. Table T-1: Project Trip Generation Land Use Dwelling Units Daily AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour In Out Total In Out Total Trip Rate 210 Single-Family Detached Housing¹ 9.43 0.18 0.52 0.70 0.59 0.35 0.94 Project Trip Generation Single-Family Detached Housing¹ 37 349 7 19 26 22 13 35 Total Project Trip Generation 349 7 19 26 22 13 35 Source: VMT Screening Memo (Appendix J) ¹Institute of Transportation Engineers, Trip Generation, 11th Edition, 2021. Land Use Code 210 - Single-Family Detached Housing (Average Rate) As shown in Table T-1, the proposed Project would generate 349 daily trips. Because the Project would generate less than 500 ADT, the proposed Project would meet Low Trip Generating Uses Screening criteria and would have a less than significant impact. Because the proposed Project would meet screening criteria, impacts related to the Project conflicting with CEQA Guidelines section 15064.3 would be less than significant. As such, no new impacts would occur. c) Substantially increase hazards due to a design feature (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment)? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.13-36-5.13-37 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 152 Construction The Project proposes development of the site in one phase lasting approximately 26 months. During construction, worker vehicles, haul trucks, and vendor trucks would be staged on the portion of the Project site under construction for the duration of the construction period. As part of the grading plan and building plan review processes, City permits including, but not limited to public improvement plan permits, including necessary ROW encroachment permits and building permits with necessary phasing and staging plans would be required to facilitate the passage of persons and vehicles through/around any required road closures and to properly route heavy-duty construction vehicles entering and leaving the site (as applicable). As a result, impacts related to vehicular circulation design features and incompatible uses during construction of the proposed Project would be less than significant. Operation Vehicular access to the Project site would be provided via ingress and egress driveways from Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue. The main driveway to the Project site would be from a proposed 35-foot-wide access driveway on Citrus Avenue along the eastern portion of the Project site. In addition, the Project would include a 26-foot-wide gated driveway for emergency vehicle access along Tokay Avenue. Vehicular traffic to and from the Project site would utilize the existing network of regional and local roadways that currently serve the Project area. The proposed Project would not introduce any new roadways or introduce a land use that would conflict with existing urban land uses in the surrounding area. Design of the proposed Project, including the internal private roadway, ingress, egress, and other streetscape changes are subject to the City’s development standards. The proposed Project has also been designed to ensure fire engine accessibility and that turn around area is provided to the California Fire Code standards. On-site traffic signing and striping would also be implemented in conjunction with detailed construction plans. Additionally, sight distance at the Project’s access points would be reviewed with respect to City standards at the time of final grading, landscape, and street improvement plan reviews. Additionally, Project frontage improvements and site access points would be constructed to be consistent with the identified roadway classifications and respective cross-sections in accordance with the City of Fontana GPU Community Mobility and Circulation Element. Compliance with existing regulations would be ensured through the City’s construction permitting process. As such, impacts related to vehicular circulation design features would be less than significant, and no new impacts would occur. Therefore, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. d) Result in inadequate emergency access? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.13-37 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. Construction As described above, the proposed construction activities, including equipment and supply staging and storage, would occur within the Project site and would not restrict access of emergency vehicles to the Project site or adjacent areas. The installation of driveways and connections to existing infrastructure systems that would be implemented during construction of the proposed Project could require the temporary closure of one side or portions of Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue for a short period of time (i.e., hours or a few days). However, the construction activities would be required to ensure emergency access in accordance with Section 503 of the California Fire Code (Title 24, California Code of Regulations, Part 9), which would be ensured through the City’s permitting process and RR HAZ-1. Thus, implementation of the proposed Project through the City’s permitting process would ensure existing regulations are adhered to and would reduce potential 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 153 construction-related emergency access impacts to a less than significant level. As such, there would be no new impacts related to emergency access during construction. Operation As described previously, vehicle access to the proposed Project would be provided via ingress and egress driveways from Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue. The construction permitting process would provide adequate and safe circulation to, from, and through the Project area, and would provide routes for emergency responders to access different portions of the Project site. The Fire Department and the Public Works Department would review the development plans as part of the permitting procedures to ensure adequate emergency access pursuant to the requirements in Section 503 of the California Fire Code (Title 24, California Code of Regulations, Part 9), included as Municipal Code Section 5-425 and as ensured through RR HAZ-1. Because the proposed Project is required to comply with all applicable City codes, as verified by the City’s permitting process, potential impacts related to inadequate emergency access would be less than significant and would result in no new impacts to emergency access during operation. Therefore, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. Conclusion With regard to the issue area of transportation, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the GPU EIR. 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated in the GPU EIR. 4. No new Mitigation Measures would be required. Project specific impacts would be less than significant. Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR) RR HAZ-1: California Fire Code: As listed previously in Section 5.9, Hazards and Hazardous Materials. GPU Goals and Policies GPU transportation and traffic related goals and policies that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following: Community Mobility and Circulation Element Goal 1: The City of Fontana has a comprehensive and balanced transportation system, with safety and multimodal accessibility the top priority of citywide transportation planning, as well as accommodating freight movement. Policies: • Provide roadways that serve the needs of Fontana residents and commerce, and that facilitate safe and convenient access to transit, bicycle facilities, and walkways. • Make land use decisions that support walking, bicycling, and public transit use, in alignment with the 2016-2040 RTP-SCS. Goal 3: Local transit within the City of Fontana is a viable choice for residents, easily accessible, and serving destinations throughout the City. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 154 Policies: • Maximize the accessibility, safety, convenience, and appeal of transit service and transit stops. • Promote concentrated development patterns in coordination with transit planning to maximize service efficiency and ridership. Goal 4: The neighborhood streets of Fontana maintain a residential character and support a range of transportation options. Policies: • Balance neighborhood traffic circulation needs with the goal of creating walkable and bike-friendly neighborhoods. • Develop and implement Best Practice Street Design standards for new residential street development projects. Goal 7: The City of Fontana participates in shaping regional transportation policies to reduce traffic congestion, pollution, and GHG emissions. Policies: • Participate in the efforts of the SCAG to coordinate transportation planning and services that support GHG reductions. • Participate in the efforts by Caltrans to reduce congestion and improve traffic flow on area freeways. GP EIR Mitigation Measures The GPU EIR mitigation measures that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following: GPU EIR Mitigation Measure TRA-1: To mitigate the impact of additional traffic volumes on the segment of Citrus Avenue between Foothill Boulevard and Arrow Boulevard, roadway modifications to provide sidewalks where currently missing, the addition of Class II bicycle lanes in accordance with the City’s ATP, and additional traffic calming measures as necessary to reduce traffic volumes to a level appropriate for the roadway’s designation as a Secondary Highway will be constructed. Additionally, the roadway could be modified by removing on-street parking and constructing raised medians to increase the roadway’s vehicular capacity. The City utilizes a DIF, paid by new development as it occurs in the City, to fund projects such as this one. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure TRA-2: Prior to the issuance of building permits, the Project applicant shall participate in the City of Fontana's Development Impact Fee (DIF) program by paying the requisite DIF fee at the time of the building permit. The Measure I fee program relies upon local jurisdictions to implement mitigation programs by collecting fees for regional improvements; however, the San Bernardino County Transportation Authority (SBCTA) does not dictate how individual jurisdictions allocate their costs for regional improvements to new development. Instead, each jurisdiction, including the City of Fontana, is required to develop its own schedule of fees and implementation programs (often through a capital improvement program (CIP)) that can demonstrate achievement of contribution levels set in the Nexus Study for each jurisdiction. The Nexus study is based on having each jurisdiction subject to the Nexus Study fund its share of needed regional improvements by developing the facilities within its own jurisdiction. The Nexus Study does not rely on the exchange of impact fees between jurisdictions as a means of mitigating impacts of development occurring within one jurisdiction on the regional transportation facilities of another jurisdiction. As a result, 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 155 there is no allocation of arterial improvement costs to jurisdictions outside the jurisdiction in which proposed development project is located. Impacts of development throughout the region addressed in the Nexus Study are instead mitigated by requiring each jurisdiction to be responsible for needed arterial improvements within its own jurisdiction, including the share of improvements in traffic generated in other jurisdictions. Thus, as development occurs within the various jurisdictions subject to Nexus Study fees, all of the regional improvements included within the Nexus Study throughout the County of San Bernardino will eventually be built. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure TRA-3: Prior to issuance of a grading permit, applicants for future development associated with proposed projects shall prepare site-specific traffic studies, to the satisfaction of the City's Engineering Department. As determined by these subsequent traffic studies, traffic improvements identified as mitigation measures shall be implemented as a condition of the approved future development project, either through direct construction by the project applicant and/or through development impact fees. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure TRA-3 has been satisfied through the VMT Screening Analysis prepared by EPD Solutions Inc., in August 2025. The report is included as Appendix J. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 156 5.18. TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact a) Listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code section 5020.1(k)? b) A resource determined by the lead agency, in its discretion and supported by substantial evidence, to be significant pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1. In applying the criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resource Code Section 5024.1, the lead agency shall consider the significance of the resource to a California Native American tribe? Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR The GPU EIR discussed impacts to tribal cultural resources on page 5.4-14 through 5.4-16 and determined impacts would be less than significant with adherence to and/or compliance with the existing regulatory framework including City COAs, and GPU goals and policies. Project-Specific Impacts This section is based on the following report: • Cultural Resources Study, prepared May 2025 by BFSA Environmental Services (BFSA Environmental Services, 2025a), and included as Appendix C. a) Would the Project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource, defined in Public Resources Code section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is Listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code section 5020.1(k)? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.4-16 and was determined to have no impact with adherence to and/or compliance with the existing regulatory framework, and GP goals and policies. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 157 TCRs are sites, features, places, cultural landscapes, sacred places, and objects with cultural value to a California Native American tribe that are either eligible or listed in the California Register of Historical Resources or local register of historical resources (PRC Section 21074). As mentioned previously, a SLF search was requested from the NAHC. On March 6, 2025, the NAHC responded that the SLF search yielded positive results for known TCRs or sacred lands within a 1-mile radius of the Project site. As detailed previously in Section 5.5, Cultural Resources, the Cultural Resources Assessment included a field survey of the entire property and did not identify any tribal cultural resources on the Project site that are listed or eligible for listing in the CRHR, or in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code Section 5020.1(k). However, the Project would implement GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL- 3 and the City’s Tribal COAs, in the event that Native American cultural resources are uncovered during ground-disturbing activities. As such, the Project would result in no new impacts to tribal cultural resources listed or eligible for listing in the CRHR or local register as defined in Public Resources Code section 5020.1(k). Therefore, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. b) Would the Project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource, defined in Public Resources Code section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is a resource determined by the lead agency, in its discretion and supported by substantial evidence, to be significant pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1. In applying the criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1, the lead agency shall consider the significance of the resource to a California Native American tribe. No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.4-16 and was determined to have no impact with adherence to and/or compliance with the existing regulatory framework including City COAs, and GPU goals and policies. Assembly Bill (AB) 52 (Chapter 532, Statutes of 2014) establishes a formal consultation process for California tribes as part of the CEQA process and equates significant impacts on “tribal cultural resources” with significant environmental impacts (Public Resources Code [PRC] § 21084.2). AB 52 requires that lead agencies undertaking CEQA review evaluate, just as they do for other historical and archeological resources, a project’s potential impact to a tribal cultural resource. In addition, AB 52 requires that lead agencies, upon request of a California Native American tribe, begin consultation prior to the release of a negative declaration, mitigated negative declaration, or EIR for a project. AB 52 does not apply to a Notice of Exemption or Addendum; and therefore, is not required for the Project. As described previously, the SLF search yielded positive results for known TCRs or sacred lands within a 1 - mile radius of the Project site. Because AB 52 does not apply to CEQA Streamline Exemptions, no letters were sent to the identified tribes and tribal contacts. However, the Project would implement GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-3 and the City’s Tribal COAs, in the event that Native American cultural resources are uncovered during ground-disturbing activities. Therefore, the Project would not result in new impacts related to landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. Conclusion With regards to the issue area of tribal cultural resources, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the GPU EIR. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 158 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated in the GPU EIR. 4. Feasible mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR (CUL-1, CUL-2, and CUL-3) would be applied to the Project. These mitigation measures, detailed below, provide protection for tribal cultural resources and reduce potential impacts to a less than significant level. Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR) The Proposed Project would be subject to comply with the City’s Cultural and Tribal Standard Conditions of Approval as listed below: • Upon discovery of any tribal cultural or archaeological resources, cease construction activities in the immediate vicinity of the find until the find can be assessed. All tribal cultural and archaeological resources unearthed by Project construction activities shall be evaluated by the qualified archaeologist and tribal monitor/consultant. If the resources are Native American in origin, interested Tribes (as a result of correspondence with area Tribes) shall coordinate with the landowner regarding treatment and curation of these resources. Typically, the Tribe will request preservation in place or recovery for educational purposes. Work may continue on other parts of the Project while evaluation takes place. • Preservation in place shall be the preferred manner of treatment. If preservation in place is not feasible, treatment may include implementation of archaeological data recovery excavation to remove the resource along the subsequent laboratory processing and analysis. All Tribal Cultural Resources shall be returned to the Tribe. Any historic archaeological material that is not Native American in origin shall be curated at a public, non-profit institution with a research interest in the materials, if such an institution agrees to accept the material. If no institution accepts the archaeological material, they shall be offered to the Tribe or a local school or historical society in the area for educational purposes. • Archaeological and Native American monitoring and excavation during construction projects shall be consistent with current professional standards. All feasible care to avoid any unnecessary disturbance, physical modification, or separation of human remains and associated funerary objects shall be taken. Principal personnel shall meet the Secretary of the Interior standards for archaeology and have a minimum of 10 years’ experience as a principal investigator working with Native American archaeological sites in southern California. The Qualified Archaeologists shall ensure that all other personnel are appropriately trained and qualified.+ GPU Goals and Policies None. GPU EIR Mitigation Measures The GPU EIR mitigation measures that are applicable to the proposed Project include the following: GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-1: A qualified archaeologist shall perform the following tasks, prior to construction activities within Project boundaries: • Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for historic resources, a field survey for historical resources within portions of the Project site not previously surveyed for cultural resources shall be conducted. • Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for historic resources, the San Bernardino County Archives shall be contacted for information on historical property records. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 159 • Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for sacred land resources, the Native American Heritage Commission shall be contacted for information regarding sacred lands. • All historical resources within the Project site, including archaeological and historic resources older than 50 years, shall be inventoried using appropriate State record forms and guidelines followed according to the California Office of Historic Preservation’s handbook “Instructions for Recording Historical Resources.” The archaeologist shall then submit two (2) copies of the completed forms to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for the assignment of trinomials. • The significance and integrity of all historical resources within the Project site shall be evaluated, using criteria established in the CEQA Guidelines for important archaeological resources and/or 36 CFR 60.4 for eligibility for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. • Mitigation measures shall be proposed and conditions of approval (if a local government action) recommended to eliminate adverse Project effects on significant, important, and unique historical resources, following appropriate CEQA and/or National Historic Preservation Act's Section 106 guidelines. • A technical resources management report shall be prepared, documenting the inventory, evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the Project site, following guidelines for Archaeological Resource Management Reports prepared by the California Office of Historic Preservation, Preservation Planning Bulletin 4(a), December 1989. One copy of the completed report, with original illustrations, shall be submitted to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving. • If human remains are encountered on the Project site, the San Bernardino County Coroner’s Office shall be contacted within 24 hours of the find, and all work shall be halted until a clearance is given by that office and any other involved agencies. • All resources and data collected within the Project site shall be permanently curated at an appropriate repository within the County. A Cultural Resources Assessment has been completed for the Project satisfying the technical study report requirement of GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-1. The report is included as Appendix C. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-2: If any prehistoric archaeological resources are encountered before or during grading, the developer shall retain a qualified archaeologist to monitor construction activities and to take appropriate measures to protect or preserve them for study. With the assistance of the archaeologist, the City of Fontana shall: • Enact interim measures to protect undesignated sites from demolition or significant modification without an opportunity for the City to establish its archaeological value. • Consider establishing provisions to require incorporation of archaeological sites within new developments, using their special qualities at a theme or focal point. • Pursue educating the public about the area's archaeological heritage. • Proposal mitigation measures and recommend conditions of approval (if a local government action) to eliminate adverse Project effects on significant, important, and unique prehistoric resources, following appropriate CEQA guidelines. • Prepare a technical resources management report, documenting the inventory, evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the Project area. Submit one copy of the completed report, with original illustrations, to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving. GPU EIR Mitigation Measure CUL-3: Where consistent with applicable local, State and federal law and deemed appropriate by the City, future site-specific development projects shall consider the following: • In the event Native American cultural resources are discovered during construction for future development, all work in the immediate vicinity of the find shall cease and a qualified archaeologist 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 160 meeting Secretary of Interior standards shall be hired to assess the find. Work on the overall Project may continue during this period; • Initiate consultation between the appropriate Native American tribal entity (as determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) and the City/Project applicant; Transfer cultural resources investigations to the appropriate Native American entity (as determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) as soon as possible; • Utilize a Native American Monitor from the appropriate Native American entity (as determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) where deemed appropriate or required by the City, during initial ground disturbing activities, cultural resource surveys. and/or cultural resource excavations. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 161 5.19. UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS Would the Project: Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact a) Require or result in the relocation or construction of new or expanded water, wastewater treatment, or stormwater drainage, electric power, natural gas, or telecommunications facilities, the construction or relocation of which could cause significant environmental effects? b) Have sufficient water supplies available to serve the Project and reasonably foreseeable future development during normal, dry and multiple dry years? c) Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which serves or may serve the Project that it has adequate capacity to serve the Project’s projected demand in addition to the provider’s existing commitments? d) Generate solid waste in excess of State or local standards or in excess of the capacity of local infrastructure or otherwise impair the attainment of solid waste reduction goals? e) Comply with federal, state, and local management and reduction statutes and regulations related to solid waste? Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to water supply and infrastructure on pages 5.12 -12 through 5.12- 16 and determined impacts would be less than significant with implementation of GPU goals and policies. The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to wastewater infrastructure on pages 5.12-17 through 5.12-20 and determined impacts would be less than significant with implementation of GPU goals and policies. The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to storm water infrastructure on pages 5.12-23 through 5.12-27 and determined impacts would be less than significant with implementation of GPU goals and policies. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 162 The GPU EIR discussed impacts related to solid waste on pages 5.12-20 through 5.12-23 and determined impacts would be less than significant with compliance of the City Municipal Code, environmental review procedures and GPU goals and policies. Project-Specific Impacts a) Require or result in the construction of new or expanded water, wastewater treatment or storm water drainage, electric power, natural gas, or telecommunications facilities, the construction or relocation of which could cause significant environmental effects? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-12 through 5.12-20 and 5.12-23 through 5.12-27 and was determined to have a less than significant impact. Water The Project site is located within the Fontana Water Company (FWC) service area. The Project would install 6-inch water lines that would be located within each of the residential streets and serve each of the proposed residences. The new on-site water lines would connect to the existing 12-inch water line within Citrus Avenue. The new on-site water system would convey water supplies to the proposed residences and landscaping through plumbing/landscaping fixtures that are compliant with the CALGreen Code for efficient use of water. Installation of the new water distribution lines would only serve the proposed Project and would not provide new water supplies to any off-site areas. The construction activities related to the on-site water infrastructure that would be needed to serve the proposed Project is included as part of the Project and would not result in any physical environmental effects beyond those identified throughout this document. For example, analysis of construction emissions from excavation and installation of the water infrastructure is included in Sections 5.3, Air Quality and 5.8, Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Therefore, the proposed Project would not result in the construction of new water facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental effects, and impacts would be less than significant. Wastewater The Project would install 8-inch sewer lines that would be located within each of the residential streets and serve each of the proposed residences. The new on-site sewer lines would connect to the existing 8-inch sewer line within Tokay Avenue. The city of Fontana’s sanitary sewer system has over 250 miles of sewer lines and six sewage pump stations. While Fontana owns the wastewater infrastructure, services for wastewater collection are supplied by Inland Empire Utilities Authority (IEUA). The city of Fontana is within the service area of two IUEA’s Regional Plants (RP), RP-1 and RP-4. Both plants have available capacity and wastewater streams can be manipulated amongst the two plants to a certain extent as demand may require. The construction activities related to installation of the on-site sewer infrastructure that would serve the proposed Project are included as part of the proposed Project and would not result in any physical environmental effects beyond those identified throughout this document. For example, analysis of construction emissions for excavation and installation of the sewer infrastructure is included in Section 5.3, Air Quality and 5.8, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, and noise volumes from these activities are evaluated in Section 5.13, Noise. As the Project includes facilities to serve the proposed development, it would not result in the need for construction of other new wastewater facilities or expansions, the construction of which could cause significant environmental effects. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant, and no new impact would occur. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 163 Stormwater As discussed above in Section 5.10, Hydrology and Water Quality, due to the appropriate sizing of the on- site drainage features and detention basin, verified through the Project permitting process, operation of the proposed Project would not substantially increase stormwater runoff, and the Project would not require or result in the construction of new off-site storm water drainage facilities or expansion of existing off-site facilities. Electric Power The Project would connect to the existing Southern California Edison electrical distribution facilities that are adjacent to the Project site and would not require the construction of new electrical facilities. Adequate industrial electricity supplies are presently available to meet the incremental increase in demand attributed to the Project. Provision of electricity to the Project site is not anticipated to require or result in the construction of new facilities or the expansion of existing facilities, the construction or relocation of which would cause significant environmental impacts to electricity. No new impacts would occur. Natural Gas Southern California Gas Company (SoCal Gas) provides natural gas to the City of Fontana and surrounding areas. However, the proposed Project would be all electric, therefore no natural gas would be required. As such, the Project would result in no new impacts related to construction of new or expanded utilities that could result in significant environmental effects. Telecommunications There are two telecommunications providers in the Fontana area, AT&T and Charter Communications, both of which could adequately provide service to the Project’s incremental increase in demand. Provision of telecommunication services to the Project site is not anticipated to require or result in the construction of new facilities or the expansion of existing facilities, the construction or relocation of which could result in significant environmental effects. As such, no new impacts would occur and the Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. b) Have sufficient water supplies available to serve the Project and reasonably foreseeable future development during normal, dry, and multiple dry years? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-12 through 5.12-36 and was determined to be less than significant. As discussed above, FWC would supply water to Project site. FWC gets its water supplies Lytle Creek surface flow, wells in Lytle basin, Rialto basin, Chino basin, and another groundwater basin called No Man’s Land. FWC also purchases imported water from the CA State Water Project through IUEA and SBVMWD (Fontana Water Company, 2021). The FWC’s 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (2020 UWMP) details that in 2020, the water usage in the City for was 149 gallons per day per capita, which is below its 2020 target of 176 gallons per day per capita (Fontana Water Company, 2021). To provide a conservative estimate of Project water use, a generation rate of 176 gallons per capita per day was used to estimate water demand from the proposed Project. As described in Section 5.14, Population and Housing, the proposed 37 residential units are anticipated to result in approximately 138 new residents. Based on the UWMP water estimates, the Project would result in a water demand of 24,288 gallons per day (27.2 acre-feet per year). FWC’s 2020 UWMP assessed the projected water demand and supply in the service area based on future buildout of the GPU and associated land uses. The UWMP concluded that FWC has an adequate water supply to meet all demands within its service area through 2045. In 2020, the demand for Single-Family water uses was 18,933-acre feet per year (AFY) (totaling 39,395 AFY for all land uses). Further, FWC 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 164 anticipates Single-Family water demand is anticipated to be 23,318 AFY in 2025 (totaling 44,593 AFY for all uses) and 25,592 AFY in 2045 (totaling 48,943 AFY for all uses). The Project's additional demands of 27.2 AFY is less than the assumed increase in the forecasted Single-Residential demands in the UWMP; therefore, the Project's relatively small increase in water demand would not cause demand to exceed the 2045 projected Single-Residential demands for FWC (Fontana Water Company, 2021). As such, FWC is capable of meeting current and projected water demands through 2045 during normal, historic single-dry and historic multiple dry-year periods using imported water from CA State Water Project with existing supply resources. FWC is projected to have sufficient supplies to for its service area from 2020 to 2045 under average year and dry years conditions. Additionally, the proposed Project is consistent with the land use and zoning of the GP. Therefore, the existing water supply would meet the demand of the Project during normal, dry, and multiple dry years and no new impacts related to water supply would occur. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. c) Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which serves or may serve the Project that it has adequate capacity to serve the Project’s projected demand in addition to the provider’s existing commitments? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-17 through 5.12-19 and was determined to be less than significant. The Inland Empire Utilities Agency (IEUA) is responsible for collecting, treating, and safely disposing of, or recycling wastewater and its residuals for residents in western San Bernardino County. Specifically, IEUA Regional Plants 1 and 4 are responsible for servicing the Fontana area. Regional Plant 4 would be responsible for servicing the Project. On average, RP-4 has a treatment capacity of 14 million gpd, equivalent to 15,692 AFY, and treats approximately 10 million gpd (Inland Empire Utilities Agency, 2025). In 2020, RP-4 collected and treated approximately 14,178 AF of wastewater, 13,807 AF of which came from the City of Fontana (Fontana Water Company, 2021). According to the City of Fontana 2013 Sewer System Master Plan, single-family residential uses generate approximately 850 gallons per day (gpd) per acre (City of Fontana, 2013). Given the site’s acreage of 5.3-acres, it is estimated that the proposed Project would generate approximately 4,505 gallons of wastewater per day. Under existing conditions, RP-4 has an excess treatment capacity of approximately 1.4 million gallons per day. As such, implementation of the Project would utilize approximately 0.32 percent of RP-4’s daily excess treatment capacity. Thus, the wastewater treatment plant has ample capacity, and the Project would not create the need for any new or expanded wastewater facility (such as conveyance lines, treatment facilities, or lift stations) to serve the proposed Project. Therefore, impacts related to wastewater infrastructure would be less than significant. d) Generate solid waste in excess of State or local standards, or in excess of the capacity of local infrastructure, or otherwise impair the attainment of solid waste reduction goals? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on pages 5.12-20 through 5.12-23 and was determined to be less than significant. The proposed Project would generate solid waste from construction activities as well as during operation. All solid waste-generating activities within the City are subject to the requirements set forth in the 2025 California Green Building Standards Code that requires demolition and construction activities to recycle or reuse a minimum of 65 percent of the nonhazardous construction and demolition waste, and AB 341 that requires diversion of a minimum of 75 percent of operational solid waste. Solid waste generated near the Project site is generally taken and disposed of at the Mid-Valley Landfill, located at 2390 Alder Avenue in the city of Rialto. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 165 Mid-Valley Landfill is permitted for a daily throughput of 7,500 tons of solid waste and is permitted to operate until 2045 (CalRecycle, 2025a). Mid-Valley Sanitary Landfill had an average disposal of 3,608 tons per day and an average remaining capacity of 3,892 tons per day (CalRecycle, 2025b). Solid waste generation rates included in the City of Fontana GPU EIR state that per person waste generation is approximately one ton per year. The Project proposes the construction of 37 single-family residences with an estimated 138 residents. Thus, operation of the Project would generate approximately 756 pounds of solid waste per day, or 138 tons of solid waste per year. However, at least 75 percent of the solid waste is required by AB 341 to be recycled, which would reduce the volume of landfilled solid waste to approximately 34.5 tons per year. Thus, Mid-Valley Landfill’s average daily remaining capacity would be able to accommodate the additional waste produced by operation of the proposed Project and would not impair the attainment of solid waste reduction goals. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. e) Comply with federal, state, and local statutes and regulations related to solid waste? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.12-23 and was determined to be less than significant. As discussed above, the Project would be anticipated to result in 45.5 tons of solid waste per year. All solid waste-generating activities within the City are subject to the requirements set forth in Section 5.408.1 of the 2025 California Green Building Standards Code that requires demolition and construction activities to recycle or reuse a minimum of 65 percent of the nonhazardous construction and demolition waste, and AB 341 that requires diversion of a minimum of 75 percent of operational solid waste. Furthermore, the proposed Project would comply with all standards related to solid waste diversion, reduction, and recycling during Project construction and operation. Therefore, the proposed Project would result in less than significant impacts related to conflicts with federal, state, and local management and reduction statutes and regulations pertaining to solid waste. Therefore, the Project would result in no new impacts. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. Conclusion With regard to the issue area of utilities and service systems, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the GPU EIR. 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated in the GPU EIR. 4. No mitigation measures contained within the GPU EIR would be required because Project specific impacts would be less than significant. Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR) Assembly Bill 939 and 341. The County and cities within the County shall abide by AB 939 and AB 341 and divert 75 percent of their waste from landfills by the year 2020. The County shall show 15 years disposal capacity for all jurisdictions within the county or show a plan to transform or divert its waste. California Green Building Standards Code. Projects will be constructed in accordance with the California Green Building Standards Code, which requires a minimum of 65 percent of the “non-hazardous construction and demolition debris” (by weight or volume) to be recycled or reused. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 166 Assembly Bill 341 and 1826. Projects will store and collect recyclable materials in compliance with AB 341. Green waste will be handled in accordance with AB 1826. GPU Goals and Policies Infrastructure and Green Systems Element Goal 2: Fontana promotes use of non-potable water for uses where drinking water is not needed. Policies: • Encourage use of processed water from the IEUA systems using recycled water for all non-drinking water purposes. • Promote laundry-to-landscape greywater systems for single-family housing units. Goal 3: The city continues to have an effective water conservation program. Policies: • Support landscaping in public and private spaces with drought-resistant plants. • Continue successful city water conservation programs and partnerships. Goal 5: Fontana collaborates closely with the Inland Empire Utility Agency to promote innovative and resource-efficient systems and reduce sewer fees. Policies: • Support and participate in IEUA programs that help Fontana be more resource-efficient. • Support incorporation of greywater systems in new developments. Goal 6: Fontana has a stormwater drainage system that is environmentally and economically sustainable and compatible with regional One Water One Watershed standards. Policies: • Continue to implement the Water Quality Management Plan for stormwater management that incorporates low-impact and green infrastructure standards. • Promote natural drainage approaches (green infrastructure) and other alternative non-structural and structural best practices to manage and treat stormwater. Goal 8: All residences and businesses have a dependable, environmentally safe means of disposing of solid waste. Policies: • Continue to use best practices for environmentally safe collection, transport and disposal of hazardous wastes • Continue to maximize diversion opportunities and landfill capacity by supporting recycling innovations, such as organic waste recycling for compost. Sustainability and Resilience Element Goal 1: Conservation of water resources with best practices such as drought tolerant plant species, recycled water, greywater systems, has become a way of life in Fontana. Policy: Continue to promote and implement best practices to conserve water. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 167 GPU EIR Mitigation Measures None. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 168 5.20. WILDFIRE If located in or near state responsibility areas or lands classified as very high fire hazard severity zones, would the Project: Project Peculiar Impact that is not Substantially Mitigated by Uniformly Applied Policies Significant Impact not Analyzed as Significant in the Prior EIR Potentially Significant Off-Site or Cumulative Impact not Discussed in the prior EIR Adverse Impact More Severe based on Substantial New Information No New Impact a) Substantially impair an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? b) Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors, exacerbate wildfire risks, and thereby expose Project occupants to, pollutant concentrations from a wildfire or the uncontrolled spread of a wildfire? c) Require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (such as roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines or other utilities) that may exacerbate fire risk or that may result in temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment? d) Expose people or structures to significant risks, including downslope or downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage changes? Summary of Impacts Identified in the GPU EIR The GPU EIR discussed wildfire impacts throughout the document including on pages 5.7-2 through 5.7-13 and determined impacts would be less than significant after compliance with applicable building codes (i.e., City Building Code, California Building Standards Code), GPU goals and policies, and the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan. Project-Specific Impacts a) Substantially impair an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? No New Impact. This topic was evaluated in the GPU EIR on page 5.7-9 and was determined to have a less than significant impact with applicable building codes (i.e., City Building Code, California Building Standards Code), GPU goals and policies, and the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan. According to the CAL FIRE Hazard Severity Zone map, the Project site not located within a State Responsibility Area (SRA) or a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ) (CAL FIRE, 2025). The Project site does not contain any emergency facilities, nor does it serve as an emergency evacuation route. Direct access to the Project site would be provided via Citrus Avenue and Tokay Avenue. The main driveway to the 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 169 Project site would be from a proposed 35-foot-wide access driveway on Citrus Avenue along the eastern portion of the Project site. In addition, the proposed Project would include a 26-foot-wide gated driveway for emergency vehicle access along Tokay Avenue. The proposed Project is required to design and construct internal access and provide fire suppression facilities (e.g., hydrants and sprinklers) in conformance with the City’s Municipal Code, and the Fire Department would review the development plans prior to approval to ensure adequate emergency access pursuant to the requirements in Section 503 of the California Fire Code (Title 24, California Code of Regulations, Part 9, included in Fontana’s Municipal Code (Section 5-425, California Fire Code and California Fire Code Standards) and as ensured by RR HAZ-1. As a result, the proposed Project would not impair an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan and would not result in new impacts. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. b) Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors, exacerbate wildfire risks, and thereby expose Project occupants to, pollution concentrations from a wildfire or the uncontrolled spread of a wildfire? No New Impact. As described in the previous response, the Project site is not located within a SRA or a VHFHSZ. The Project site is relatively flat with a gentle slope. The areas within the Project’s vicinity also do not contain hillsides or other factors that could exacerbate wildfire risks. Therefore, the proposed Project would not result in new impacts related to exposure of people or structures to significant risk involving wildland fires. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. c) Require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (such as roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines, or other utilities) that may exacerbate fire risk or that may result in temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment? No New Impact. As described in the previous responses, the Project site is not within a SRA or a VHFHSZ. The Project site is located within an urbanized area within the City of Fontana. The proposed Project does not involve any new infrastructure (such as roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines or other utilities) that may exacerbate fire risks or result in other impacts to the environment. The proposed Project does not require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (including roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines, or other utilities) that would exacerbate fire risk or that would result in impacts to the environment. Although the proposed Project includes new driveways within the Project site, the proposed Project does not include any changes to public or private roadways that would exacerbate fire risk or that would result in impacts to the environment. Although utility improvements, including domestic water, sanitary sewer, and storm drain lines proposed as part of the proposed Project would be extended throughout the Project site, these utility improvements would be underground and would not exacerbate fire risk. Project design and implementation of utility improvements would be reviewed and approved by the City as part of the Project approval process to ensure the proposed Project is compliant with all applicable design standards and regulations. Therefore, the proposed Project would not include infrastructure (such as roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines, or other utilities), that would exacerbate fire risk or that would result in impacts to the environment. Therefore, the proposed Project would result in no new impacts and is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. d) Expose people or structures to significant risks, including downslope or downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage changes? No New Impact. As described in the previous responses, the Project site is not within a SRA or VHFHSZ. As discussed in Section 5.10, Hydrology and Water Quality, the proposed Project would not result in changes to drainage. Also as discussed in Section 5. 7, Geology and Soils, the Project site is relatively flat and is not susceptible to landslides. Likewise, areas adjacent to the Project site are relatively flat urban sites that do not contain hillsides or other factors that would expose people or structures to flooding or landslides as a 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 170 result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage changes. The proposed Project would also not generate slopes and would connect to existing drainage facilities. Therefore, the proposed Project would result in no new impacts related to significant risks, including downslope or downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage changes. As such, the proposed Project is consistent with the findings of the GPU EIR. Conclusion With regard to the issue area of wildfire, the following findings can be made: 1. No peculiar impacts to the Project or its site have been identified. 2. There are no potentially significant off-site and/or cumulative impacts which were not discussed in the GPU EIR. 3. No substantial new information has been identified which results in an impact which is more severe than anticipated in the GPU EIR. 4. No mitigation measures are contained within the GPU EIR and no mitigation measures are required because the Project would result in no new impacts. Applicable Goals, Policies, Standards, and Mitigation Measures Uniformly Applied Development Policies, Standards, and Regulatory Requirements (DP/S/RR). RR GEO-1: California Building Code. As listed previously in Section 5.7, Geology and Soils. RR HAZ-1: California Fire Code. As listed previously in Section 5.9, Hazards and Hazardous Materials. GPU Goals and Policies Goal 7: Threats to public and private property from urban and wildland fire hazards are reduced in Fontana. Policies: • The City shall continue to require residential, commercial, and industrial structures to implement fire hazard-reducing designs and features. • The City shall continue to ensure to the extent possible that fire services, such as fire equipment, infrastructure, and response times, are adequate for all sections of the city. • The City shall monitor development or redevelopment in areas where fire zones have been mapped through the city. Goal 9: The City maintains regulations, plans, protocols and emergency training to reduce hazards and risks and to meet state and federal requirements for emergency assistance. Policies: • Keep hazard-mitigation and emergency services programs up to date. • Continue to provide hazard and risk mitigation and emergency training to public employees and the public at large. Public and Community Services Department Element Goal 2: Fontana’s Fire Department meets or exceeds state and national benchmarks for protection and responsiveness. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 171 Policy: Continue the City’s successful partnership with the San Bernardino County Fire Department. GPU EIR Mitigation Measures None. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 172 6. MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING The MMRP for the Project will be active through all phases of the Project, including design, construction, and operation. The attached table identifies the mitigation program required to be implemented by the City of Fontana for the Project. The table identifies mitigation measures required by the City of Fontana to mitigate impacts associated with the implementation of the Project, the timing of implementation, and the responsible party or parties for monitoring compliance. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 173 Table 6-1: Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials AESTHETICS GPU EIR MM AES-1: For future development located in or immediately adjacent to residentially zoned properties, construction documents shall include language that requires all construction contractors to strictly control the staging of construction equipment and the cleanliness of construction equipment stored or driven beyond the limits of the construction work area. Construction equipment shall be parked and staged within the Project site to the extent practical. Staging areas shall be screened from view from residential properties with solid wood fencing or green fence. Construction worker parking may be located off-site with approval of the City; however, on-street parking of construction worker vehicles on residential streets shall be prohibited. Vehicles shall be kept clean and free of mud and dust before leaving the Project site. Surrounding streets shall be swept daily and maintained free of dirt and debris. Before, during, and after construction and prior to issuance of grading permits City of Fontana Building and Safety Division AIR QUALITY GPU EIR MM AQ-1: In order to reduce future Project-related air pollutant emissions and promote sustainability through conservation of energy and other natural resources, building and site plan designs shall ensure the Project energy efficiencies surpass (exceed) applicable (2016) California Title 24 Energy Efficiency Standards by a minimum of 5%. Verification of increased energy efficiencies shall be documented in Title 24 Compliance Reports provided by the applicant/developer and reviewed and approved by the City of Fontana prior to the issuance of the first building permit. Prior to issuance of building permits City of Fontana Building and Safety Division GPU EIR MM AQ-2: To reduce energy demand associated with potable water conveyance, future projects shall implement the following, as applicable: • Landscaping palette emphasizing drought tolerant plants • Use of water-efficient irrigation techniques U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Certified • WaterSense equivalent faucets, high efficiency toilets, and water-conserving shower heads Prior to issuance of grading permits City of Fontana Building and Safety Division 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 174 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials GPU EIR MM AQ-3: Future projects shall comply with applicable provisions of state law, including the California Green Standards Code (Part 11 of Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations). Prior to issuance of grading permits City of Fontana Building and Safety Division GPU EIR MM AQ-4: The applicant/developer shall encourage its tenants to use alternative-fueled vehicles such as compressed natural gas vehicles, electric vehicles, or other alternative fuels by providing publicly available information from the Southern California Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD), California Air Resources Board (GARB), and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on alternative fuel technologies. After construction City of Fontana Planning Division GPU EIR MM AQ-6: The applicant/developer shall encourage its tenants to use water-based or low volatile organic compound (VOC) cleaning products by providing publicly available information from the Southern California Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD), California Air Resources Board (CARB), and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on such cleaning products. After construction City of Fontana Planning Division GPU EIR MM AQ-8: In the event that any off-site utility and/or infrastructure improvements are required as a direct result of future projects, construction of such off-site utility and infrastructure improvements shall not occur concurrently with the demolition, site preparation, and grading phases of Project construction. This requirement shall be clearly noted on all applicable grading and/or building plans. Prior to issuance of grading permits City of Fontana Building and Safety Division GPU EIR MM AQ-9: All construction equipment shall be maintained in good operation condition so as to reduce emissions. The construction contractor shall ensure that all construction equipment is being properly serviced and maintained as per the manufacturer’s specification. Maintenance records shall be available at the construction site for City of Fontana verification. The following additional measures, as determined applicable by the City Engineer, shall be included as conditions of the Grading Permit issuance: Prior to issuance of grading permits City of Fontana Building and Safety Division and Engineering 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 175 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials • Provide temporary traffic controls such as a flag person, during all phases of construction to maintain smooth traffic flow. • Provide dedicated turn lanes for movement of construction trucks and equipment on- and off-site. • Reroute construction trucks away from congested streets or sensitive receptor areas. • Appoint a construction relations officer to act as a community liaison concerning on-site construction activity including resolution of issues related to PM10 generation. • Improve traffic flow by signal synchronization and ensure that all vehicles and equipment will be properly tuned and maintained according to manufacturers’ specifications. • Require the use of 2010 and newer diesel haul trucks (e.g., material delivery trucks and soil import/export). If the lead agency determines that 2010 model year or newer diesel trucks cannot be obtained the lead agency shall use trucks that meet EPA 2007 model year NOX and PM emissions requirements. • During Project construction, all internal combustion engines/construction equipment operating on the Project site shall meet EPA-Certified Tier 3 emissions standards, or higher according to the following: o January I, 2012, to December 31, 2014: All off-road diesel-powered construction equipment greater than 50 hp shall meet Tier 3 off-road emissions standards. In addition, all construction equipment shall be outfitted with BACT devices certified by CARB. Any emissions control device used by the contractor shall achieve emissions reductions that are no less than what could be achieved by a Level 3 diesel emissions control strategy for a similarly sized engine as defined by CARB regulations. o Post-January 1, 2015: All off-road diesel-powered construction equipment greater than 50 hp shall meet the Tier 4 emission standards, where available. In addition, all construction equipment shall be outfitted with BACT devices certified by CARB. Any emissions control device used by the contractor shall achieve emissions reductions that are no less than what could 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 176 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials be achieved. by a Level 3 diesel emissions control strategy for similarly sized engine as defined by CARB regulations. A copy of each unit’s certified tier specification, BACT documentation, and CARB or SCAQMD operating permit shall be provided at the time of mobilization of each applicable unit of equipment. GPU EIR MM AQ-10: Prior to the issuance of any grading permits, all Applicants shall submit construction plans to the City of Fontana denoting the proposed schedule and projected equipment use. Construction contractors shall provide evidence that low-emission mobile construction equipment will be utilized, or that their use was investigated and found to be infeasible for the Project. Contractors shall also conform to any construction measures imposed by the SCAQMD as well as City Planning Staff. Prior to issuance of grading permits City of Fontana Building and Safety Division and Planning Division GPU EIR MM AQ-11: All paints and coatings shall meet or exceed performance standards noted in SCAQMD Rule 1113. Specifically, the following measures shall be implemented, as feasible: • Use coatings and solvents with a VOC content lower than that required under AQMD Rule 1113. • Construct or build with materials that do not require painting. • Require the use of pre-painted construction materials. Prior to issuance of grading permits City of Fontana Building and Safety Division and Planning Division GPU EIR MM AQ-12: Projects that result in the construction of more than 19 single- family residential units, 40 multifamily residential units, or 45,000 square feet of retail/commercial/industrial space shall be required to apply paints either by hand or high volume, low pressure (HVLP) spray. These measures may reduce volatile organic compounds (VOC) associated with the application of paints and coatings by an estimated 60 to 75 percent. Alternatively, the contractor may specify the use of low volatility paints and coatings. Several of currently available primers have VOC contents of less than 0.85 pounds per gallon (e.g., Dulux professional exterior primer 100 percent acrylic). Top coats can be less than 0.07 pounds per gallon (8 Prior to issuance of grading permits City of Fontana Building and Safety Division and Planning Division 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 177 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials grams per liter) (e.g., Lifemaster 2000-series). This latter measure would reduce these VOC emissions by more than 70 percent. Larger projects should incorporate both the use of HVLP or hand application and the requirement for low volatility coatings. GPU EIR MM AQ-13: All asphalt shall meet or exceed performance standards noted in SCAQMD Rule 1108. Prior to issuance of grading permits City of Fontana Building and Safety Division and Planning Division GPU EIR MM AQ-14: Prior to the issuance of grading permits or approval of grading plans for future development projects within the Project area, future developments shall include a dust control plan as part of the construction contract standard specifications. The dust control plan shall include measures to meet the requirements of SCAQMD Rules 402 and 403. Such measures may include, but are not limited to, the following: • Phase and schedule activities to avoid high-ozone days and first-stage smog alerts. • Discontinue operation during second-stage smog alerts. • All haul trucks shall be covered prior to leaving the site to prevent dust from impacting the surrounding areas. • Comply with AQMD Rule 403, particularly to minimize fugitive dust and noise to surrounding areas. • Moisten soil each day prior to commencing grading to depth of soil cut. • Water exposed surfaces at least twice a day under calm conditions, and as often as needed on windy days or during very dry weather in order to maintain a surface crust and minimize the release of visible emissions from the construction site. • Treat any area that will be exposed for extended periods with a soil conditioner to stabilize soil or temporarily plant with vegetation. • Wash mud-covered tires and under carriages of trucks leaving construction sites. Prior to issuance of grading permits City of Fontana Building and Safety Division and Planning Division 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 178 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials • Provide for street sweeping, as needed, on adjacent roadways to remove dirt dropped by construction vehicles or mud, which would otherwise be carried off by trucks departing project sites. • Securely cover all loads of fill coming to the site with a tight-fitting tarp. • Cease grading during periods when winds exceed 25 miles per hour. • Provide for permanent sealing of all graded areas, as applicable, at the earliest practicable time after soil disturbance. • Use low-sulfur diesel fuel in all equipment. • Use electric equipment whenever practicable. • Shut off engines when not in use. GPU EIR MM AQ-20: All residential and commercial structures shall be required to incorporate high efficiency/low polluting heating, air conditioning, appliances, and water heaters. Prior to issuance of grading permits City of Fontana Building and Safety Division and Planning Division GPU EIR MM AQ-21: All residential and commercial structures shall be required to incorporate thermal pane windows and weather-stripping. Prior to issuance of building permits City of Fontana Building and Safety Division and Planning Division GPU EIR MM AQ-22: All residential, commercial, and industrial structures shall be required to incorporate light colored roofing materials. Prior to issuance of building permits City of Fontana Building and Safety Division and Planning Division GPU EIR MM AQ-23: Prior to approval of future development projects within the Project area, the City of Fontana shall conduct Project-level environmental review to determine potential vehicle emission impacts associated with the Project(s). Mitigation measures shall be developed for each project as it is considered to mitigate potentially significant impacts to the extent feasible. Potential mitigation measures may require that facilities with over 250 employees (full or part time employees at a worksite for a consecutive six-month period calculated as a monthly Prior to issuance of grading permits City of Fontana Planning Division 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 179 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials average), as required by the Air Quality Management Plan, implement Transportation Demand Management (TDM) programs. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES GPU EIR MM BIO-1: 1. Prior to initial grading or clearing of areas of suitable habitat within the Planning Area (e.g., a vacant site with a landscape of grassland or low-growing, arid scrub vegetation or agricultural use or vegetation), a qualified biologist shall conduct a pre-construction survey, in accordance with the CDFG Staff Report on Burrowing Owl Mitigation, to determine the presence or absence of burrowing owl within the proposed area of impact. 2. Results of surveys, including mitigation recommendations (i.e., a Burrowing Owl Mitigation and Monitoring Report) shall be incorporated into the Project-level CEQA compliance documentation. 3. Construction grading/clearing of areas of suitable habitat should occur between September 1 and January 31 to avoid impacts to breeding owls. If occupied burrows are discovered, they shall not be removed during nesting season (February 1 through August 31), unless a qualified biologist can determine that either the owls have not laid eggs or are incubating eggs, or that any young from the burrows are able to forage independently. If initial grading is scheduled to occur during nesting season, the following measures shall be implemented. 4. If removal of occupied burrows is necessary, passive relocation outside of nesting season shall be implemented under the supervision of the qualified biologist. This shall include covering/excavation of burrows and installation of one-way doors as necessary. One-way doors will allow owls inside the burrow to exit but not allow them to re-enter. The biologist shall wait a minimum of one week before the burrow may be excavated to allow the owls time to leave the area. Before ground- disturbing activities City of Fontana Planning Division and Qualified Biologist 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 180 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials GPU EIR MM BIO-2: To avoid impacts to nesting birds and to comply with the MBTA, clearing of vegetation and removal of trees should occur between non- nesting (or non-breeding) season for birds (generally, September 1 to January 31). If this avoidance schedule is not feasible, the alternative is to carry out such activities under the supervision of a qualified biologist. This shall entail the following: 1. A qualified biologist shall conduct a pre-construction nesting bird survey no more than 14 days prior to initiating ground disturbance activities. The survey will consist of full coverage of the proposed disturbance limits and up to a 500-foot buffer area, determined by the biologist and taking into account the species nesting in the area and the habitat present. 2. If no active nests are found, no additional measures are required. 3. If “occupied” nests are found, their locations shall be mapped, species documented, and, to the degree feasible, the status of the nest (e.g., incubation of eggs, feeding of young, near fledging) recorded. The biologist shall establish a no- disturbance buffer around each active nest. The buffer area will be determined by the biologist based on the species present, surrounding habitat, and type of construction activities proposed in the area. 4. No construction or ground disturbance activities shall be conducted within the buffer until the biologist has determined the nest is no longer active and has informed the construction supervisor that activities may resume. Before ground- disturbing activities City of Fontana Planning Division and Qualified Biologist GPU EIR MM BIO-3: The City of Fontana Planning Division shall require that all future project applicants prepare a Biological Assessment in conjunction with a Project-level analysis. The Biological Assessment shall include a vegetation map of the proposed Project area, analysis of the impacts associated with plant and animal species and habitats, and conduct habitat evaluations for burrowing owl, Delhi Sands flower-loving fly, San Diego pocket mouse, western mastiff bat, western yellow bat, and San Diego desert woodrat. If any of these special are determined to be present, then coordination with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and/or California Department of Fish and Game shall be concluded to determine what, if any, permits or clearances are required prior to development. Each Project-level Biological Assessment shall include an analysis of potential impacts to rare plants and rare natural communities in accordance with the California Department of Fish and Game’s November 2009 guidance for Protocols for Surveying and Evaluating Prior to the issuance of grading permits City of Fontana Planning Division and Qualified Biologist 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 181 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials Impacts to Special Status Native Plant Populations and Natural Communities. For those projects located in the Delhi Sands flower-loving fly Recovery Unit, the Project- level Biological Assessment shall include focused surveys. The Biological Assessment shall prescribe actions necessary to mitigate the impacts identified for a particular Project. Such actions shall include either avoidance of a sensitive resource, or payment of in-lieu fees that shall be used to purchase off-site replacement habitat. In instances where transplantation/relocation, off-site preservation, or fee payment is selected, habitat mitigation ratios shall be a minimum of 1:1, unless a greater ratio is required by a state or federal wildlife agency. The requirements of the Biological Assessment shall be a condition of approval of the individual development Project. GPU EIR MM BIO-4: Prior to any ground disturbance, trees scheduled for removal shall be evaluated by a City-approved biologist for roosting bats. If a roost is present the biologist will develop a plan to minimize impacts to the bats to the greatest extent feasible. Before ground- disturbing activities City of Fontana Planning Division and Qualified Biologist GPU EIR MM BIO-7: Local CEQA procedures shall be applied to identify potential impacts to rare, threatened, and endangered species. Before ground- disturbing activities City of Fontana Planning Division GPU EIR MM BIO-8: Evidence of satisfactory compliance shall be provided by Project Applicant with any required State and/or Federal permits, prior to issuance of grading permits for individual projects. Prior to the issuance of grading permits City of Fontana Planning Division GPU EIR MM BIO-9: Any development that results in the potential take or substantial loss of occupied habitat for any threatened or endangered species shall conduct formal consultation with the appropriate regulatory agency and shall implement required mitigation pursuant to applicable protocols. Consultation shall be on a project-by-project basis and measures shall be negotiated independently for each development project. Before or during construction, as needed City of Fontana Planning Division CULTURAL RESOURCES 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 182 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials GPU EIR MM CUL-1: A qualified archaeologist shall perform the following tasks, prior to construction activities within Project boundaries: • Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for historic resources, a field survey for historical resources within portions of the Project site not previously surveyed for cultural resources shall be conducted. • Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for historic resources, the San Bernardino County Archives shall be contacted for information on historical property records. • Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for sacred land resources, the Native American Heritage Commission shall be contacted for information regarding sacred lands. • All historical resources within the Project site, including archaeological and historic resources older than 50 years, shall be inventoried using appropriate State record forms and guidelines followed according to the California Office of Historic Preservation’s handbook “Instructions for Recording Historical Resources.” The archaeologist shall then submit two (2) copies of the completed forms to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for the assignment of trinomials. • The significance and integrity of all historical resources within the Project site shall be evaluated, using criteria established in the CEQA Guidelines for important archaeological resources and/or 36 CFR 60.4 for eligibility for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. • Mitigation measures shall be proposed and conditions of approval (if a local government action) recommended to eliminate adverse Project effects on significant, important, and unique historical resources, following appropriate CEQA and/or National Historic Preservation Act's Section 106 guidelines. • A technical resources management report shall be prepared, documenting the inventory, evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the Project site, following guidelines for Archaeological Resource Management Reports prepared by the California Office of Historic Preservation, Preservation Planning Bulletin 4(a), December 1989. One copy of the completed report, with Prior to construction activities City of Fontana Building and Safety Division and Planning Division and Qualified Archaeologist 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 183 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials original illustrations, shall be submitted to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving. • If human remains are encountered on the Project site, the San Bernardino County Coroner’s Office shall be contacted within 24 hours of the find, and all work shall be halted until a clearance is given by that office and any other involved agencies. • All resources and data collected within the Project site shall be permanently curated at an appropriate repository within the County. GPU EIR MM CUL-2: If any prehistoric archaeological resources are encountered before or during grading, the developer shall retain a qualified archaeologist to monitor construction activities and to take appropriate measures to protect or preserve them for study. With the assistance of the archaeologist, the City of Fontana shall: • Enact interim measures to protect undesignated sites from demolition or significant modification without an opportunity for the City to establish its archaeological value. • Consider establishing provisions to require incorporation of archaeological sites within new developments, using their special qualities at a theme or focal point. • Pursue educating the public about the area's archaeological heritage. • Proposal mitigation measures and recommend conditions of approval (if a local government action) to eliminate adverse Project effects on significant, important, and unique prehistoric resources, following appropriate CEQA guidelines. • Prepare a technical resources management report, documenting the inventory, evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the Project area. Submit one copy of the completed report, with original illustrations, to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving. Before or during ground- disturbing activities City of Fontana Building and Safety Division and Planning Division and Qualified Archaeologist GPU EIR MM CUL-3: Where consistent with applicable local, State and federal law and deemed appropriate by the City, future site-specific development projects shall consider the following: During ground- disturbing activities City of Fontana Building and Safety Division and Planning Division 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 184 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials • In the event Native American cultural resources are discovered during construction for future development, all work in the immediate vicinity of the find shall cease and a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards shall be hired to assess the find. Work on the overall Project may continue during this period; • Initiate consultation between the appropriate Native American tribal entity (as determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) and the City/Project applicant; Transfer cultural resources investigations to the appropriate Native American entity (as determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) as soon as possible; • Utilize a Native American Monitor from the appropriate Native American entity (as determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) where deemed appropriate or required by the City, during initial ground disturbing activities, cultural resource surveys. and/or cultural resource excavations. and Qualified Archaeologist GEOLOGY AND SOILS GPU EIR MM CUL-4: A qualified paleontologist shall conduct a pre-construction field survey of any project site within the Specific Plan Update area that is underlain by older alluvium. The paleontologist shall submit a report of findings that provides specific recommendations regarding further mitigation measures (i.e., paleontological monitoring) that may be appropriate. Prior to the issuance of grading permits City of Fontana Planning Division and Qualified Paleontologist GPU EIR MM CUL-5: Should mitigation monitoring of paleontological resources be recommended for a specific project within the project site, the program shall include, but not be limited to, the following measures: • Assign a paleontological monitor, trained and equipped to allow the rapid removal of fossils with minimal construction delay, to the site full-time during the interval of earth-disturbing activities. During ground- disturbing activities City of Fontana Building and Safety Division and Planning Division and Qualified Paleontologist 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 185 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials • Should fossils be found within an area being cleared or graded, earth- disturbing activities shall be diverted elsewhere until the monitor has completed salvage. If construction personnel make the discovery, the grading contractor shalt immediately divert construction and notify the monitor of the find. • All recovered fossils shall be prepared, identified, and curated for documentation in the summary report and transferred to an appropriate depository (i.e., San Bernardino County Museum). • A summary report shall be submitted to City of Fontana. Collected specimens shall be transferred with copy of report to San Bernardino County Museum. GPU EIR MM GHG-1: Prior to the issuance of building permits, future development projects shall demonstrate the incorporation of project design features that achieve a minimum of 28.5 percent reduction in GHG emissions from non-mobile sources as compared to business as usual conditions. With regard to expansions/modifications of existing facilities, this mitigation measure shall be applied to the resulting incremental net increase in enclosed floor area. Future projects shall include, but not be limited to, the following list of potential design features (which include measures for reducing GHG emissions related to Transportation and Motor Vehicles). Energy Efficiency • Design buildings to be energy efficient and exceed Title 24 requirements by at least 5 percent. • Install efficient lighting and lighting control systems. Site and design building to take advantage of daylight. • Use trees, landscaping and sun screens on west and south exterior building walls to reduce energy use. Install light colored “cool” roofs and cool pavements. • Provide information on energy management services for large energy users. • Install energy efficient heating and cooling systems, appliances and equipment, and control systems (e.g., minimum of Energy Star rated equipment). Prior to the issuance of building permits City of Fontana Planning Division 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 186 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials • Implement design features to increase the efficiency of the building envelope (i.e., the barrier between conditioned and unconditioned spaces). • Install light emitting diodes (LEDs) for traffic, street and other outdoor lighting. • Limit the hours of operation of outdoor lighting. Renewable Energy • Install solar panels on carports and over parking areas. Ensure all industrial buildings are designed to have “solar ready” roofs. • Use combined heat and power in appropriate applications. Water Conservation and Efficiency • Create water-efficient landscapes with a preference for a xeriscape landscape palette. • Install water-efficient irrigation systems and devices, such as soil moisture- based irrigation controls. • Design buildings to be water-efficient. Install water-efficient fixtures and appliances (e.g., EPA WaterSense labeled products). • Restrict watering methods (e.g., prohibit systems that apply water to non- vegetated surfaces) and control runoff. • Restrict the use of water for cleaning outdoor surfaces and vehicles. • Implement low-impact development practices that maintain the existing hydrologic character of the site to manage storm water and protect the environment. (Retaining storm water runoff on-site can drastically reduce the need for energy-intensive imported water at the site). • Devise a comprehensive water conservation strategy appropriate for the Project and location. The strategy may include many of the specific items listed above, plus other innovative measures that are appropriate to the specific Project. • Provide education about water conservation and available programs and incentives. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 187 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials Solid Waste Measures • Reuse and recycle construction and demolition waste (including, but not limited to, soil, vegetation, concrete, lumber, metal, and cardboard). • Provide interior and exterior storage areas for recyclables and green waste and adequate recycling containers located in public areas. • Provide education and publicity about reducing waste and available recycling services. Transportation and Motor Vehicles • Limit idling time for commercial vehicles, including delivery and construction vehicles. • Promote ride sharing programs (e.g., by designating certain percentage of parking spaces for ride sharing vehicles, designating adequate passenger loading and unloading and waiting areas for ride sharing vehicles, and providing a web site or message board for coordinating rides). • Create local “light vehicle” networks, such as neighborhood electric vehicle (NEV) systems. • Provide the necessary facilities and infrastructure to encourage the use of low or zero emission vehicles (e.g., electric vehicle charging facilities and conveniently located alternative fueling stations). • Promote “least polluting” ways to connect people and goods to their destinations. • Incorporate bicycle lanes and routes into street systems, new subdivisions, and large developments. • Incorporate bicycle-friendly intersections into street design. • For commercial projects, provide adequate bicycle parking near building entrances to promote cyclist safety, security, and convenience. For large employers, provide facilities that encourage bicycle commuting (e.g., locked bicycle storage or covered or indoor bicycle parking). • Create bicycle lanes and walking paths directed to the location of schools, parks, and other destination points. HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 188 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials GPU EIR MM HAZ-2: The City shall assure the continued response and capability of the San Bernardino County Fire Department/Fontana Fire Protection District to handle hazardous materials incidents in the City and along the sections of freeways that extend across the City. Before Construction City of Fontana Planning Division/Fontana Fire Protection District GPU EIR MM HAZ-4: The City shall identify roadways along which hazardous materials are routinely transported. If essential facilities, such as schools, hospitals, childcare centers or other facilities with special evacuation needs are located along these routes, identify emergency response plans that these facilities can implement in the event of an unauthorized release of hazardous materials in their area. Before Construction City of Fontana Planning Division/ Engineering GPU EIR MM HAZ-5: A Phase I Site Assessment shall be prepared in accordance with American Society of Testing and Materials Standards and Standards for Practice for All Appropriate Inquiries prior to issuance of a Grading Permit for future development. The Phase I Environmental Site Assessment shall investigate the potential for site contamination, and will identify Specific Recognized Environmental Conditions (i.e., asbestos containing materials, lead-based paints, polychlorinated biphenyls, etc.) that may require remedial activities prior to land acquisition or construction. Prior to issuance of grading permits City of Fontana Planning Division NOISE GPU EIR MM NOI-1: Prior to issuance of a grading permit, a developer shall contract for a site-specific noise study for the parcel. The noise study shall be performed by an acoustic consultant experienced in such studies and the consultant's qualifications and methodology to be used in the study must be presented to City staff for consideration. The site-specific acoustic study shall specifically identify potential noise impacts upon any proposed sensitive uses (addressing GP buildout conditions), as well as potential Project impacts upon off-site sensitive uses due to construction, stationary and mobile noise sources. Mitigation for mobile noise impacts, where identified as significant, shall consider facility siting and truck routes such that Project related truck traffic utilizes existing established truck routes. Prior to issuance of grading permits City of Fontana Planning Division 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 189 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials Mitigation shall be required if noise levels exceed 65 dBA, as identified in Section 30-182 [30-469] of the City’s Municipal Code. GPU EIR MM NOI-2: To reduce impacts related to heavy construction equipment moving and operating on site during Project construction, grading, demolition, and paving prior to issuance of grading permits, the applicant shall ensure that the following procedures are followed: • Construction equipment, fixed or mobile, shall be properly outfitted and maintained with feasible noise-reduction devices to minimize construction generated noise. • Laydown and construction vehicle staging areas shall be located away from noise sensitive land uses if feasible. • Stationary noise sources such as generators shall be located away from noise sensitive land uses, if feasible. Construction hours, allowable workdays, and the phone number of the job superintendent shall be clearly posted at all construction entrances to allow surrounding property owners to contact the job superintendent 24 hours a day to report noise and other nuisance-related issues, if necessary. The point of contact shall be available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and have authority to commit additional assets to control dust after hours, on weekends, and on holidays. In the event that the City of Fontana receives a pattern of noise complaints, appropriate corrective actions shall be implemented, such as on­ site noise monitoring during construction activities, and a report of the action shall be provided to the reporting party. Prior to issuance of grading permits City of Fontana Planning Division TRANSPORTATION GPU EIR MM TRA-1: To mitigate the impact of additional traffic volumes on the segment of Citrus Avenue between Foothill Boulevard and Arrow Boulevard, roadway modifications to provide sidewalks where currently missing, the addition of Class II bicycle lanes in accordance with the City’s ATP, and additional traffic calming measures as necessary to reduce traffic volumes to a level appropriate for Prior to the issuance of building permits City of Fontana Planning Division 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 190 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials the roadway’s designation as a Secondary Highway will be constructed. Additionally, the roadway could be modified by removing on-street parking and constructing raised medians to increase the roadway’s vehicular capacity. The City utilizes a DIF, paid by new development as it occurs in the City, to fund projects such as this one. GPU EIR MM TRA-2: Prior to the issuance of building permits, the Project applicant shall participate in the City of Fontana's Development Impact Fee (DIF) program by paying the requisite DIF fee at the time of the building permit. The Measure I fee program relies upon local jurisdictions to implement mitigation programs by collecting fees for regional improvements; however, the San Bernardino County Transportation Authority (SBCTA) does not dictate how individual jurisdictions allocate their costs for regional improvements to new development. Instead, each jurisdiction, including the City of Fontana, is required to develop its own schedule of fees and implementation programs (often through a capital improvement program (CIP)) that can demonstrate achievement of contribution levels set in the Nexus Study for each jurisdiction. The Nexus study is based on having each jurisdiction subject to the Nexus Study fund its share of needed regional improvements by developing the facilities within its own jurisdiction. The Nexus Study does not rely on the exchange of impact fees between jurisdictions as a means of mitigating impacts of development occurring within one jurisdiction on the regional transportation facilities of another jurisdiction. As a result, there is no allocation of arterial improvement costs to jurisdictions outside the jurisdiction in which proposed development project is located. Impacts of development throughout the region addressed in the Nexus Study are instead mitigated by requiring each jurisdiction to be responsible for needed arterial improvements within its own jurisdiction, including the share of improvements in traffic generated in other jurisdictions. Thus, as development occurs within the various jurisdictions subject to Nexus Study fees, all of the regional improvements included within the Nexus Study throughout the County of San Bernardino will eventually be built. Prior to the issuance of building permits City of Fontana Planning Division 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 191 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials GPU EIR MM TRA-3: Prior to issuance of a grading permit, applicants for future development associated with proposed projects shall prepare site-specific traffic studies, to the satisfaction of the City's Engineering Department. As determined by these subsequent traffic studies, traffic improvements identified as mitigation measures shall be implemented as a condition of the approved future development project, either through direct construction by the project applicant and/or through development impact fees. Prior to issuance of a grading permit City's Engineering Department TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES GPU EIR MM CUL-1: A qualified archaeologist shall perform the following tasks, prior to construction activities within Project boundaries: • Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for historic resources, a field survey for historical resources within portions of the Project site not previously surveyed for cultural resources shall be conducted. • Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for historic resources, the San Bernardino County Archives shall be contacted for information on historical property records. • Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for sacred land resources, the Native American Heritage Commission shall be contacted for information regarding sacred lands. • All historical resources within the Project site, including archaeological and historic resources older than 50 years, shall be inventoried using appropriate State record forms and guidelines followed according to the California Office of Historic Preservation’s handbook “Instructions for Recording Historical Resources.” The archaeologist shall then submit two (2) copies of the completed forms to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for the assignment of trinomials. • The significance and integrity of all historical resources within the Project site shall be evaluated, using criteria established in the CEQA Guidelines for important archaeological resources and/or 36 CFR 60.4 for eligibility for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. Prior to construction activities City of Fontana Building and Safety Division and Planning Division and Qualified Archaeologist 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 192 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials • Mitigation measures shall be proposed and conditions of approval (if a local government action) recommended to eliminate adverse Project effects on significant, important, and unique historical resources, following appropriate CEQA and/or National Historic Preservation Act's Section 106 guidelines. • A technical resources management report shall be prepared, documenting the inventory, evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the Project site, following guidelines for Archaeological Resource Management Reports prepared by the California Office of Historic Preservation, Preservation Planning Bulletin 4(a), December 1989. One copy of the completed report, with original illustrations, shall be submitted to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving. • If human remains are encountered on the Project site, the San Bernardino County Coroner’s Office shall be contacted within 24 hours of the find, and all work shall be halted until a clearance is given by that office and any other involved agencies. • All resources and data collected within the Project site shall be permanently curated at an appropriate repository within the County. GPU EIR MM CUL-2: If any prehistoric archaeological resources are encountered before or during grading, the developer shall retain a qualified archaeologist to monitor construction activities and to take appropriate measures to protect or preserve them for study. With the assistance of the archaeologist, the City of Fontana shall: • Enact interim measures to protect undesignated sites from demolition or significant modification without an opportunity for the City to establish its archaeological value. • Consider establishing provisions to require incorporation of archaeological sites within new developments, using their special qualities at a theme or focal point. • Pursue educating the public about the area's archaeological heritage. • Proposal mitigation measures and recommend conditions of approval (if a local government action) to eliminate adverse Project effects on significant, important, and unique prehistoric resources, following appropriate CEQA guidelines. Before or during ground- disturbing activities City of Fontana Building and Safety Division and Planning Division and Qualified Archaeologist 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 193 Mitigation Measure Implementation Timing Responsible Party/Verification Date Completed and Initials • Prepare a technical resources management report, documenting the inventory, evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the Project area. Submit one copy of the completed report, with original illustrations, to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving. GPU EIR MM CUL-3: Where consistent with applicable local, State and federal law and deemed appropriate by the City, future site-specific development projects shall consider the following: • In the event Native American cultural resources are discovered during construction for future development, all work in the immediate vicinity of the find shall cease and a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards shall be hired to assess the find. Work on the overall Project may continue during this period; • Initiate consultation between the appropriate Native American tribal entity (as determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) and the City/Project applicant; Transfer cultural resources investigations to the appropriate Native American entity (as determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) as soon as possible; • Utilize a Native American Monitor from the appropriate Native American entity (as determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) where deemed appropriate or required by the City, during initial ground disturbing activities, cultural resource surveys. and/or cultural resource excavations. During construction activities City of Fontana Building and Safety Division and Planning Division and Qualified Archaeologist 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 194 7. DOCUMENT PREPARERS AND CONTRIBUTORS Lead Agency City of Fontana Planning Division 8353 Sierra Avenue Fontana, CA 92335 CEQA Document Preparers EPD Solutions, Inc. Konnie Dobreva, JD, Vice President of Environmental Planning Jazmin Rodriguez, Assistant Environmental Planner Sam Kelley, Assistant Environmental Planner 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 195 8. REFERENCES BFSA Environmental Services. (2025a). Cultural Resources Study for the RC Homes Citrus Avenue Project. Appendix C. BFSA Environmental Services. (2025b). Paleontological Assessment for the RC Homes Citrus Avenue Project. Appendix E. CAL FIRE. (2025). Fire Hazard Severity Zones. Retrieved from https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/what-we- do/community-wildfire-preparedness-and-mitigation/fire-hazard-severity-zones California Department of Conservation. (2024). California Williamson Act Enrollment Finder. Retrieved from California Department of Conservation: https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/dlrp/WilliamsonAct/ California Department of Conservation. (2025). California Important Farmland Finder. Retrieved from California Department of Conservation: https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/dlrp/ciff/ California Department of Education. (2025 ). Fontana Unified . Retrieved from California School Dashboard: https://www.caschooldashboard.org/reports/36677100000000/2024 California Department of Finance. (2025). E-5 Population and Housing Estimates for Cities, Counties, and the State, 2020-2024. Retrieved from California Department of Finance: https://dof.ca.gov/forecasting/demographics/estimates/e-5-population-and-housing-estimates- for-cities-counties-and-the-state-2020-2025/ CalRecycle. (2025a). Mid-Valley Sanitary Landfill (36-AA-0055). Retrieved from CalRecycle: https://www2.calrecycle.ca.gov/SolidWaste/Site/Summary/2662 CalRecycle. (2025b). Landfill Tonnage Reports. Retrieved from CalRecycle: https://www2.calrecycle.ca.gov/LandfillTipFees/ Caltrans. (2018). California State Scenic Highways. Retrieved from California Department of Transportation: https://dot.ca.gov/programs/design/lap-landscape-architecture-and-community- livability/lap-liv-i-scenic-highways City of Fontana. (2025). City of Fontana Master Storm Drain Plan. Retrieved from City of Fontana: https://www.fontanaca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/46399/City-of-Fontana-Master-Storm-Drain- Plan-2025 City of Fontana. (2013). Sanitary Sewer System Master Plan. Retrieved from https://fonopengislayers.fontana.org/WebLink/DocView.aspx?id=1707391&dbid=0&repo=Font anaRecords City of Fontana. (2018). Fontana Forward General Plan Update 2015-2035 Draft Environmental Impact Report. Retrieved from City of Fontana: https://www.fontanaca.gov/2632/General-Plan-Update- 2015---2035 Converse Consultants. (2024a). Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Report. Appendix F. Converse Consultants. (2024b). Phase II Environmental Site Assessment Report. Appendix G. County of San Bernardino (1986). San Bernardino County Hydrology Manual. Retrieved from County of San Bernardino: https://www.sbcounty.gov/uploads/DPW/docs/HydrologyManual.pdf 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 196 Department of Conservation. (2025). Earthquake Zones of Required Investigation. Retrieved from California Geological Survey: https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/informationwarehouse/eqzapp/#data_s=id%3AdataSourc e_4-191d8e93088-layer-27%3A8432 Department of Finance. (2025). E-5 Population and Housing Estimates for Cities, Counties, and the State, 2021-2025. Retrieved from https://dof.ca.gov/forecasting/demographics/estimates/e-5- population-and-housing-estimates-for-cities-counties-and-the-state-2020-2025/ EPD Solutions, Inc. (2025a). Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis. Appendix A. EPD Solutions, Inc. (2025b). Vehicle Miles Traveled Analysis. Appendix J. EPD Solutions, Inc. (2026). 7844 Citrus Avenue Health Risk Assessment. Appendix K. Executive Department State of California. (2005). Executive Order S-3-05. Retrieved from https://www.library.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/GovernmentPublications/executive-order- proclamation/5129-5130.pdf FEMA. (2008). Flood Insurance Rate Map (Map number 06037C0657F) . Retrieved from https://hazards- fema.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=8b0adb51996444d4879338b5529 aa9cd FEMA. (2025). FEMA's National Flood Hazard Layer (NFHL) Viewer. Retrieved from https://www.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=8b0adb51996444d4879338b552 9aa9cd Fontana Unified School District. (2025). School Boundary Maps and Maps to Schools. Retrieved from Fontana Unified School District: https://www.fusd.net/about-us-07/about-our-district/school- boundary-maps-and-maps-to-schools Fontana Water Company. (2021, June). 2020 Urban Water Management Plan. Retrieved from Fontana Water Company: https://www.fontanawater.com/water-quality-supply/2020-urban-water- management-plan/ GeoSoils Consultants. (2024). Geologic and Geotechnical Engineering Due Diligence Investigation. Appendix D. Hernandez Environmental Services. (2025). General Biological Assessment for Assessors Parcel Number APN 1110-361-10. Appendix B. Inland Empire Utilities Agency. (2025). Regional Water Recycling Plant No. 4 . Retrieved from Inland Empire Utilities Agency: https://www.ieua.org/regional-water-recycling-plant-no-4/ Kier and Wright. (2024, February). Hydrology Study for Proposed Warehouse Building Palmdale Trade & Commerce Center. LSA. (2025). Noise and Vibration Impact Analysis. Appendix I. SCAQMD. (2010). Minutes for the GHG CEQA Significance Threshold Stakeholder Working Group #15. Retrieved from https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ceqa/handbook/greenhouse-gases- (ghg)-ceqa-significance-thresholds/year-2008-2009/ghg-meeting-15/ghg-meeting-15- minutes.pdf Southern California Association of Governments. (2024). Demographics and Growth Forecast Technical Report. Retrieved from Southern California Association of Governments: 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 197 https://scag.ca.gov/sites/main/files/file-attachments/23-2987-tr-demographics-growth-forecast- final-040424.pdf?1712261839 Tustin Unified School District. (2024). Developer Fees. Retrieved from Tustin Unified School District: https://www.tustin.k12.ca.us/departments/business-services/fiscal-services/developer- fees#:~:text=Please%20be%20advised%20the%20following%20rates%20will,June%2021%2C %202024:%20Residential:%20$5.17/SqFt.%20Commercial:%20$0.84/SqFt U.S. Geological Survey. (2024). Areas of Land Subsidence in California. Retrieved from U.S, Geological Survey: https://ca.water.usgs.gov/land_subsidence/california-subsidence-areas.html United Civil Inc. (2026). Water Quality Management Plan for Tract No. 20787. Appendix H. 7844 – 7866 Citrus Avenue CEQA 15183 Exemption City of Fontana 198 End of document.