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HomeMy WebLinkAboutAppendix A - Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis Report 1 Project Overview The Project (“Project” or “proposed Project”) is located at 7844 Citrus Avenue in Fontana and includes Assessor's Parcel Number (APN) 111-036-110. The Project proposes the construction of a 37-unit single-family detached residential development with associated on-site recreational amenities on a currently vacant 5.3- acre site (230,837 square feet). The Project would include 3 very low-income affordable units, which qualify the Project for a density bonus under the State of California Density Bonus Law (CA Gov Code Section 65915). In addition, the Project would improve the existing sidewalks along the Project site frontage. The site has a General Plan land use designation of Walkable Mixed-Use Corridor & Downtown (WMXU-1), which allows for a variety of residential uses, retail and services, office, entertainment, education, civic, and open space, and is zoned as Form-Based Code (FBC)-Neighborhood District. Access would be provided from Tokay Avenue and Citrus Avenue. The proposed parking supply includes 74 garage spaces, 44 driveway spaces, 15 additional on-lot stalls, and 37 guest stalls. The site plan for the proposed Project is shown in Figure 1, Conceptual Site Plan. To support the CEQA document for the proposed Project, this report analyzes the proposed Project’s construction and operational impacts related to air quality (emission of criteria pollutants), energy, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions using the California Emissions Estimator Model (CalEEMod Version 2022.1) and the Emission Factor model (EMFAC Version 2021). Table 1, Construction Schedule, shows the estimated construction schedule, which is expected to last about 15 months. Table 1: Construction Schedule To: City of Fontana From: Maryam Javanmardi, Tina Yuan, EPD Solutions, Inc. Date: 2/6/2026 Re: Air Quality, Energy, and Greenhouse Gas Impact Analysis for the Citrus Avenue Fontana Project, EPD Project No. 25-023 Activity Start Date End Date Total Working Days Site Preparation 9/1/2026 9/28/2026 20 Grading 9/29/2026 10/26/2026 20 Building Construction 10/27/2026 9/13/2027 230 Paving 10/14/2027 11/10/2027 20 Architectural Coating 11/11/2027 12/8/2027 20 Source: CalEEMod Output Sheets (Attachment A) Conceptual Site Plan Figure 3-17844 Citrus Avenue Project City of Fontana 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis 3 CalEEMod Modeling Details The following non-default assumptions and adjustments were used in the CalEEMod emission model for this analysis: • Land Use: The lot acreage was adjusted to match the site plan provided by the client. • Construction Equipment: Assumed that all construction equipment would be used 8 hours a day per workday. Tractor/loaders/backhoes were replaced with crawler tractors in the site preparation and grading construction phases. • Construction Earthmoving Activity: Based on the preliminary grading plan, the Project would require the import of approximately 10,993 cubic yards (CY) of material during the grading phase. • Operations: Hearths, wood stoves, and wood fireplaces were removed in accordance with SCAQMD Rule 445, which prohibits the installation of wood-burning devices in effort to reduce particulate matter and reduce production of VOCs.1 Gas and propane fireplaces were also removed as neither are proposed for the Project. • Operational Trip Rates: The trip rate was adjusted to match the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) Trip Generation Manual, 11th Edition, auto trip rates for Residential Detached Housing (ITE Land Use Code 210).2 Summary of Air Quality, Energy and GHG Impacts Air Quality The proposed Project’s maximum daily emissions (regional and local) for construction and operation would not exceed the SCAQMD’s regional thresholds of significance. In addition, all construction activities would comply with applicable SCAQMD rules and regulations, including Rule 402, Rule 403, Rule 445, and Rule 1113: • Rule 402, Public Nuisance: Prohibits the discharge of air contaminants that cause injury, nuisance, or annoyance to the public or damage to property. • Rule 403, Fugitive Dust: Aims to minimize fugitive particulate matter dust emissions during construction activities. • Rule 445, Wood-Burning Devices: Reduce emission production of particulate matter and volatile organic compounds from wood burning devices. • Rule 1113, Architectural Coatings: Allows only low-volatile organic compound (VOC) paints to be used. The construction and operation of the proposed Project would not exceed SCAQMD thresholds for any of the six criteria pollutants. Projects that do not exceed the regional thresholds are assumed to not have a significant impact on both a project level and cumulative level. Additionally, the proposed Project aligns with SCAQMD’S 2022 Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP), reflecting adherence to regional air quality management goals and standards. Furthermore, odors produced by construction and operation of the proposed Project would be minimal and comply with SCAQMD Rule 402. Therefore, the proposed Project would have a less-than-significant air quality impact. No mitigation would be required. 1 SCAQMD (2020). Rule 445, Wood-Burning Devices. Referenced at https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/rule-book/rule-iv/rule-445.pdf 2 EPD Solutions, Inc. (2025). 25-023 Citrus Avenue Fontana Vehicles Miles Traveled (VMT) Screening Memo. 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis 4 Energy Construction activities related to the proposed Project and the associated infrastructure are not expected to result in demand for fuel greater on a per-unit-of-development basis than any other development projects in Southern California. The proposed Project’s energy consumption during construction activities would comply with existing fuel standards, machinery efficiency requirements, and California Air Resources Board (CARB) regulations limiting truck idling. Additionally, for operation, the proposed Project would be required to meet the California Code of Regulations (CCR) Title 24 energy efficiency standards and comply with all applicable City energy codes. The Project buildings would also be solar ready in compliance with current Title 24 requirements. There are no unusual Project characteristics that would cause the construction or operation of the Project to be less energy-efficient when compared with other similar residential developments throughout the state. Therefore, the proposed Project would not result in impacts related to inefficient, wasteful, or unnecessary consumption of energy, nor would the Project inhibit the use of, and would instead allow for future flexibility relating to, renewable energy. GHG Emissions The proposed Project’s construction and operational GHG emissions would total 475 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MTCO2e) per year. The Project’s GHG emissions would be below the SCAQMD’s significance threshold of 3,000 MTCO2e per year. Additionally, the proposed Project would be consistent with the GHG reduction policies within the City’s General Plan and CARB’s 2022 Scoping Plan. Therefore, the Project would have a less-than-significant impact on GHG emissions. 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis 5 Air Quality Regional Emissions The SCAQMD has adopted maximum daily emission thresholds (pounds/day) for criteria pollutants during the construction and operation of a project.3 While incremental regional air quality impacts of an individual project are generally very small and difficult to measure, SCAQMD’s regional maximum emission thresholds set standards to reduce the burden of SCAQMD to attain and maintain ambient air quality standards. The regional thresholds apply to the criteria pollutants listed in Table 2, Regional Construction Emission Estimates, and Table 3, Regional Operation Emission Estimates. Tables 2 shows the CalEEMod estimated Project emissions for construction. The estimated Project emissions include those generated both from on-site sources (such as off-road construction equipment and fugitive dust) and off-site sources (vehicle travel to and from the site). Table 2: Regional Construction Emission Estimates Maximum Daily Emissions Maximum Daily Regional Emissions (pounds/day) ROG NOX CO SOX PM10 PM2.5 Year 1 (2026) 3.83 34.61 31.01 0.05 7.43 4.31 Year 2 (2027) 22.24 10.17 14.04 0.03 0.36 0.34 Maximum Daily Emissions (2026-2027) 22.24 34.61 31.01 0.05 7.43 4.31 SCAQMD Thresholds 75 100 550 150 150 55 Threshold Exceeded? No No No No No No Notes: ROG = reactive organic gases, NOx = nitrogen oxides, CO = carbon monoxide, SO2 = sulfur dioxide, PM10 = particulate matter 10 microns in diameter, PM2.5 = particulate matter 2.5 microns in diameter Source: CalEEMod Output Sheets (see Attachment A). Table 3 shows the CalEEMod estimated Project emissions during operation. The operational emissions include mobile sources (vehicle travelling to and from the Project site), area sources (consumer products used on-site, etc.), and energy sources (electricity consumption). 3 SCAQMD. (March 2023). South Coast AQMD Air Quality Significance Thresholds. https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default- source/ceqa/handbook/south-coast-aqmd-air-quality-significance-thresholds.pdf?sfvrsn=25 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis 6 Table 3: Regional Operation Emission Estimates Operational Activity Maximum Daily Regional Emissions (pounds/day)* ROG NOx CO SOX PM10 PM2.5 Mobile 1.22 1.03 9.09 0.02 1.97 0.51 Area 1.67 0.02 2.13 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Energy <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Total Operational Emissions 2.89 1.05 11.22 0.02 1.97 0.51 SCAQMD Significance Thresholds 55 55 550 150 150 55 Threshold Exceeded? No No No No No No Notes: ROG = reactive organic gases, NOx = nitrogen oxides, CO = carbon monoxide, SO2 = sulfur dioxide, PM10 = particulate matter 10 microns in diameter, PM2.5 = particulate matter 2.5 microns in diameter * Values may vary slightly due to rounding. Source: CalEEMod Output Sheets (see Attachment A). As shown in Tables 2 and 3, the proposed Project would not exceed SCAQMD’s thresholds for construction and operational emissions, and therefore, would have less-than-significant regional air quality impacts. Local Emissions Localized significance thresholds (LSTs) were also adopted by the SCAQMD due to project -related construction or operational air emissions having the potential to exceed the State and national air quality standards in the project vicinity, while not exceeding the regional emission significance thresholds adopted by the SCAQMD. These thresholds set the maximum rates of daily construction or operational emissions from a project site that would not exceed a national or State ambient air quality standard.4 The differences between regional thresholds and LSTs are as follows: 1. Regional thresholds include all sources of project construction and operational emissions generated from on-site and off-site emission sources whereas the LSTs only consider the emissions generated from on-site emission sources. 2. LSTs only apply to carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), while regional thresholds include both reactive organic gases (ROG) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). 3. Regional thresholds apply to emission sources located anywhere within the SCAQMD whereas the LSTs are location dependent and rely on the size of the project and emission location relative to the nearest sensitive receptor. SCAQMD provides screening tables (Appendix C of the SCAQMD 2008 Final Localized Significance Threshold Methodology) for projects that disturb less than or equal to 5 acres in a day.5 These tables were created to easily determine if the daily emissions of NOx, CO, PM10, and PM2.5 from a project could result in a significant impact to the local air quality. The thresholds are determined by: 4 SCAQMD. (2008). Final Localized Significance Threshold Methodology. Referenced at http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/defaultsource/ceqa/handbook/localized-significance-thresholds/final-lst-methodology- document.pdf 5 SCAQMD. (2008). Final Localized Significance Threshold Methodology Appendix C. Referenced at http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ceqa/handbook/localized-significance-thresholds/appendix-c-mass- rate-lst-look-up-tables.pdf?sfvrsn=2 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis 7 • Source receptor area (SRA), which is the geographic area within the SCAQMD that can act as both a source of emissions and a receptor of emission impacts (the Project is located within SRA 34, Central San Bernadino Valley); • Size of grading disturbance (construction)/size of the project (operation); and • Distance to the nearest sensitive receptor, which is defined as an individual who is most susceptible to negative health effects when exposed to air pollutants, and includes children, the elderly, and adults with chronic health issues. Locations for such receptors include residences, schools, elderly care centers, and hospitals. The construction phase with the most ground disturbance would be the site preparation phase, as included in Attachment B, Detailed Calculation Sheets. The proposed Project would actively disturb an average of 3.5 acres per day, while the total Project site encompasses approximately 5.3 acres. Pursuant to SCAQMD guidance, which recommends selecting thresholds based on the smaller of the total site area or the daily disturbed area, construction emissions were evaluated by interpolating between the 2-acre and 5-acre disturbance thresholds.6 The closest sensitive receptor to the project site is the single-family home located immediately adjacent to the project site's southern boundary, approximately 5 feet away. Therefore, the construction emission thresholds for the lowest distance available (25 meters) were used. Table 4, Localized Construction Emission Estimates, shows the thresholds and estimated maximum daily construction emissions for the proposed Project. As shown in Table 4, the proposed Project would not exceed applicable thresholds and therefore would result in a less-than-significant localized construction air quality impact. Table 4: Localized Construction Emission Estimates Construction Activity Maximum Daily Localized Emissions (pounds/day) NOx CO PM10 PM2.5 2026 (Year 1) Site Preparation 34.61 31.01 7.43 4.31 Grading 19.06 19.09 3.30 1.89 Building Construction 10.67 14.07 0.41 0.38 Maximum On-Site Emissions (2026) 34.61 31.01 7.43 4.31 2027 (Year 2) Building Construction 10.17 14.04 0.36 0.34 Paving 7.77 10.60 0.33 0.30 Architectural Coating 1.11 1.50 0.03 0.02 Maximum On-Site Emissions (2027) 10.17 14.04 0.36 0.34 Maximum Daily Emissions (2026-2027) 34.61 31.01 7.43 4.31 SCAQMD Screening Thresholds 220.00 1359.00 10.50 6.00 Threshold Exceeded? No No No No Notes: NOx = nitrogen oxides, CO = carbon monoxide, PM10 = particulate matter 10 microns in diameter, PM2.5 = particulate matter 2.5 microns in diameter. Source: CalEEMod Output Sheets (see Attachment A). 6 SCAQMD. (2011). Fact Sheet for Applying CalEEMod to Localized Significance Thresholds. Referenced at https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ceqa/handbook/localized-significance-thresholds/caleemod- guidance.pdf 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis 8 According to the SCAQMD LST methodology, LSTs apply to a project’s stationary and onsite mobile sources. Projects that involve mobile sources that spend long periods queuing and idling at a site, such as transfer facilities or warehousing and distribution buildings, have the potential to exceed the operational LSTs. The proposed Project consists of 37 single-family residential units and is not anticipated to result in significant vehicle idling or queuing activity. Therefore, due to the lack of significant stationary source emissions, impacts related to operational LSTs would be less than significant. Air Quality Management Plan Consistency The SCAQMD’s CEQA Handbook provides the following two criteria to determine whether a project would be consistent with the 2022 AQMP: 1. The Project would not generate population and employment growth that would be inconsistent with Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG)’s growth forecasts from the 2020-2045 Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy (RTP/SCS); and 2. The Project would not result in an increase in the frequency or severity of existing air quality violations or cause or contribute to new violations or delay the timely attainment of air quality standards or the interim emissions reductions specified in the AQMP. Consistency Criterion No. 1 refers to the SCAG’s growth forecasts, and associated assumptions included in the AQMP. The future air quality levels projected in the AQMP are based on SCAG’s growth projections, which are based, in part, on the general plans of cities located within the SCAG region. Therefore, if the level of housing and employment growth related to the proposed Project is consistent with the applicable assumptions used in the development of the AQMP, the Project would not jeopardize attainment of the air quality levels identified in the AQMP. While SCAG has updated the RTP/SCS to the Connect SoCal 2024, which provides growth and forecasting estimates for 2019 through 2050, this update was adopted after the 2022 AQMP. Therefore, the analysis below uses assumptions from the 2020-2045 RTP/SCS for consistency with the 2022 AQMP. According to the City of Fontana General Plan, the Project site has a land use designation of Walkable Mixed-Use Corridor & Downtown (WMXU-1), which allows for a variety of residential uses, and the site is zoned Form-Based Code (FBC)–Neighborhood District. The WMXU-1 land use designation is intended for a variety of medium- to high- density residential types, retail and services, office, entertainment, education, civic, and open space. The proposed Project is consistent with the City’s WMXU-1 General Plan designation and zoning of FBC–Neighborhood District which has a maximum density of 5 du/acre. The proposed Project would consist of 34 market rate units and 3 very low-income affordable units, which qualify the Project for a density bonus under the State of California Density Bonus Law (CA Gov Code Section 65915). Therefore, the proposed Project’s density of 7 du/acre would be considered consistent pursuant to the Density Bonus Law. Therefore, the Project would be consistent with the site’s General Plan designation and zoning, subject to review and approval through the City’s standard entitlement process. The City’s population estimate as of January 1, 2025, is 219,172 persons.7 Based on an average household size of 3.738 for the City of Fontana, the Project’s 37 housing units would result in a direct population increase 7 City’s Population Estimate (219,172 persons as of January 1, 2025): California Department of Finance. (January 2024). E-5 Population and Housing Estimates for Cities, Counties, and the State, 2020-2025. https://dof.ca.gov/forecasting/demographics/estimates/e-5-population-and-housing-estimates- for-cities-counties-and-the-state-2020-2025/ 8 City’s Population Estimate (219,172 persons as of January 1, 2025): California Department of Finance. (January 2024). E-5 Population and Housing Estimates for Cities, Counties, and the State, 2020-2025. https://dof.ca.gov/forecasting/demographics/estimates/e-5-population-and-housing-estimates- for-cities-counties-and-the-state-2020-2025/ 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis 9 of approximately 138 persons.9 While it is likely that future residents already live in the City, this analysis conservatively assumes all 138 future residents would move into the City. The City is projected to add 2,088 new housing units by 2045, and SCAG growth forecasts estimate an increase of 75,500 persons between 2016 and 2045.10 The Project’s potential direct population growth (138 persons) therefore, represents a nominal portion of the City’s anticipated growth between 2016 and 2045. Therefore, the Project would not induce substantial unplanned population growth and would not exceed the growth assumptions for the site. As such, the Project is consistent with Consistency Criterion 1 with the required approvals. Consistency Criterion No. 2 refers to the California Ambient Air Quality Standards. An impact would occur if the emissions associated with the proposed Project exceed SCAQMD’s significance thresholds for both construction and operational phases. As presented in Table 2 and Table 3 above, the construction and operation of the proposed Project would result in emissions that do not exceed any SCAQMD thresholds. Therefore, the proposed Project would be consistent with Criterion No. 2. As the Project would be consistent with both Criterion No. 1 and 2, impacts related to consistency with the AQMP would be less than significant. Odors Odors would be produced during the construction of the proposed Project due to the operation of heavy- duty off-road equipment. The primary odor emitted would be diesel particulate matter (DPM) from the vendor trucks and heavy-duty off-road equipment. This odor may be noticeable by nearby residents; however, these odors would be expected and not necessarily objectionable. These odors would also dissipate quickly and would be temporary. Therefore, due to the nature of the odor produced during construction as temporary and non-objectionable to a substantial number of people, the odor impact from construction of the proposed Project would be less than significant. For operational odor emissions, SCAQMD’s CEQA Air Quality Handbook describes odor complaints associated with the following land uses: • Agricultural uses • Chemical plants • Composting activities • Dairies • Fiberglass molding • Food processing plants • Landfills • Refineries • Wastewater treatment plants The Project does not propose any of the above land uses and is required to comply with SCAQMD Rule 402, Nuisance, which states: 9 Average Household Size (3.31 persons for Fontana): United States Census Bureau. (n.d.). American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (2017-2021), Table DP02, Selected Social Characteristics. https://data.census.gov 10 SCAG Growth Forecasts (75,500 persons between 2016 and 2045): Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG). (September 2020). Demographics and Growth Forecast. https://scag.ca.gov/sites/default/files/old/file-attachments/0903fconnectsocal_demographics-and-growth- forecast.pdf?1606001579= 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis 10 A person shall not discharge from any source whatsoever such quantities of air contaminants or other material which cause injury, detriment, nuisance, or annoyance to any considerable number of persons or to the public, or which endanger the comfort, repose, health, or safety of any such persons or the public, or which cause, or have a natural tendency to cause, injury or damage to business or property. The provisions of this rule shall not apply to odors emanating from agricultural operations necessary for the growing of crops or the raising of fowl or animals. Thus, impacts associated with odor produced by operation of the proposed Project would be less than significant. Conclusion The proposed Project's maximum daily regional and localized construction and operational emissions would not exceed SCAQMD’s regional thresholds of significance, as detailed in Tables 2 through 4. All construction activities would comply with applicable SCAQMD rules and regulations, ensuring minimal and temporary odor exposure during construction. Operational impacts are also anticipated to be minimal and consistent with surrounding land uses. In addition, the proposed Project is consistent with SCAQMD’S 2022 AQMP, reflecting adherence to regional air quality management goals and standards. During construction, any odors produced will be temporary and not significantly objectionable. Additionally, the proposed Project involves land uses that do not typically generate significant odor complaints and would comply with SCAQMD Rule 402, which addresses potential odor impacts. Overall, the proposed Project's impacts related to air quality would be less than significant. 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis 11 Energy The CEQA Guidelines do not have specific numerical thresholds for energy consumption. Rather, the questions in Appendix G, (VI) Energy, ask: (a) “[Would the proposed Project] Result in potentially significant environmental impact due to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources during project construction or operation?” and (b) “[Would the project] Conflict with or obstruct a State or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency?”11 Therefore, for the purpose of this analysis, a significant impact would occur if: a) The project design and/or location encourages wasteful, inefficient, and unnecessary consumption of energy, especially fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, and petroleum, as well as the use of fuel by vehicles anticipated to travel to and from the project; or b) The project design impedes the growth of future renewable energy developments. Southern California Edison would provide electricity for construction and operation of the proposed Project. The proposed Project does not include natural gas. The following assumptions were used to calculate the energy (electricity and petroleum) consumption of the proposed Project: • Construction equipment fuel consumption was derived from the CARB OffRoad2021 emission model. • Fuel consumption from vehicle travel was derived from the CARB EMFAC2021 emission model. • Electricity consumption was derived from CalEEMod (Version 2022.1). The Project would not consume natural gas on-site, however CalEEMod did not include electricity consumption for all-electric homes, as such a natural gas to electricity conversion is calculated based on the based on the Comparison of Home Appliance Energy Use, Operating Costs, and Carbon Dioxide Emissions – 2022 Update, prepared by American Gas Association (AGA) in 2022 (AGA 2022)12. Construction Electricity and Natural Gas Usage Due to the Project size and the fact that construction is temporary, the electricity used during construction of the proposed Project would be substantially less than that required for Project operation and would have a negligible contribution to the Project’s overall energy consumption. The electric power used would be for as- necessary lighting and electronic equipment such as computers inside temporary construction trailers. Natural gas is not anticipated to be needed for construction activities. Any consumption of natural gas would be minor and negligible in comparison to the usage during the operation of the proposed Project and Countywide consumption. Petroleum Fuel Usage Construction equipment (off-road and heavy-duty vehicles), as well as vendor and haul trucks used for material delivery and soil import/export during grading, would operate on diesel fuel. Construction workers would travel to and from the Project site throughout the duration of construction, and for a conservative analysis, it is assumed that construction workers would travel in gasoline-powered passenger vehicles. The proposed Project’s construction vehicle fuel usage is based on vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and fuel usage 11 California Energy Commission. (2023). CEQA Statutes and Guidelines Attachment 10 Appendix G: Environmental Checklist Form. https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2024 -01/11_Attachment_10_- _Appendix_G_from_CEQA_Handbook_ada.docx 12 American Gas Association (AGA). 2022. Comparison of Home Appliance Energy Use, Operating Costs, and Carbon Dioxide Emissions – 2022 Update. Washington, D.C. https://www.aga.org/wp- content/uploads/2023/02/Appliance-Cost-and-Emissions-Comparison-2022.pdf 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis 12 factors contained in the CARB EMFAC2021 model, which are included in Attachment B. The trips included are those of worker vehicles, vendor vehicles, and haul vehicles. As shown in Table 5, Total Construction Fuel Usage, construction of the proposed Project would require a total of 47,180.5 gallons of diesel fuel (35,835.0 gallons of diesel fuel from off-road construction equipment and 11,345.5 gallons of diesel fuel from construction vehicles) and 5,672.7 gallons of gasoline fuel from construction vehicles. Construction equipment would be transported to the site and operated on-site only. Please refer to Attachment B for the total fuel consumption and horsepower-hour data contained within the CARB Off-Road 2021 emission model for specific types of diesel construction equipment. It should be noted that this total fuel consumption is a conservative analysis and would likely overstate the amount of fuel usage, as specific construction equipment (e.g., crane) is not expected to operate during the entire duration of the construction activity. As shown in Table 5, the construction of the proposed Project would result in a 1.33 percent increase over countywide construction off-road consumption and a <0.01 percent increase over countywide on-road gasoline consumption. Thus, increased energy consumption from the construction of the proposed Project would be nominal. Table 5: Total Construction Fuel Usage Source: CalEEMod Output Sheets (see Attachment A) Operation Operation of the proposed Project would consume electricity and petroleum. Electricity consumption for the proposed Project can be found in Attachment A, CalEEMod Output Sheets. The gasoline consumption rates utilize the same assumptions that were used for construction worker vehicles. The Project’s energy consumption is shown in Table 6, Annual Project Operational Energy Requirements, below. The proposed Project is expected to require electricity and gasoline. However, the proposed Project’s energy consumption would be consistent with similar sized projects and would not constitute an inefficient use of energy. As shown in Table 6, the operation of the proposed Project would result in a 0.0031 percent increase over countywide electricity consumption. The on-road fuel consumption from the Project would result in a 0.0086 percent increase in countywide gasoline consumption. Thus, increased energy consumption from the operation of the proposed Project would be nominal. Table 6: Annual Project Operational Energy Requirements Source: CalEEMod Output Sheets (see Attachment A) 1. Since the Project does not include natural gas, the estimated natural gas consumption is converted to electricity-equivalent using a factor of 0.18 (1,157,719.5 kBTU/year × 0.18 = 208,390 kWh) and added to the electricity consumption (281,556 kWh for Single Family Housing units and 17,935 for Parking Lots), resulting in a total electricity use of 507,881 kWh/year (AGA 2022). Construction Source Diesel Fuel (Gallons) Gasoline Fuel (Gallons) Construction Vehicles 11,345.5 5,672.7 Off-Road Construction Equipment 35,835.0 - Total 47,180.5 5,672.7 Countywide Consumptions 3,541,000.0 416,064,805.7 Percentage Increase (%) 1.33 <0.01 Operational Source Energy Usage Countywide Energy Consumption Percentage Increase Electricity (Kilowatt-Hour)1 507,881.0 16,629,614,195.0 0.0031% Gasoline Consumption (Gallons) 35,728.0 416,064,508.7 0.0086% 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis 13 Future Renewable Energy Developments The proposed Project would be required to meet the CCR Title 24 State Building Energy Efficiency Standards, appliance efficiency regulations, and green building standards in effect during permitting of the proposed Project and comply with all applicable City energy codes. The City’s administration of energy efficiency requirements includes review of design components and energy conservation measures during the permitting process to ensure that all requirements are met. In addition, the Project buildings would install solar in compliance with current Title 24 requirements. As such, the Project would not inhibit the use of and would instead allow for future flexibility relating to renewable energy. Conclusion As described above, the Project would not result in significant impacts related to energy. Construction activities associated with the proposed Project are not expected to result in fuel demand, on a per -unit-of- development basis, that exceeds that of comparable residential projects in Southern California. The Project does not include any unusual characteristics that would require the use of construction equipment with lower energy efficiency than that used for typical residential development. In addition, construction activities would comply with applicable regulations aimed at reducing energy consumption and emissions, including restrictions on vehicle idling, fuel standards, and equipment efficiency requirements, and estimated energy consumption from construction of the Project would be nominal compared to the energy consumption of the region. During operation, the Project would consume electricity and gasoline. As the site is currently vacant, all energy use would be associated with new development. However, operational energy demand would be consistent with that of similar residential developments and would not result in inefficient, wasteful, or unnecessary energy consumption. Energy consumption from the operation of the Project would be nominal compared to that of the region. Therefore, the Project would result in a less-than-significant energy impact during both construction and operation, and no mitigation would be required. In addition, the operation of the Project would also be similar to other residential projects within the City and would be required to meet CCR Title 24 energy efficiency standards and comply with all applicable City energy codes. The Project buildings would also be solar ready in compliance with current Title 24 requirements. Therefore, the Project would not inhibit the use of and would allow for future flexibility relating to renewable energy. Overall, the Project would result in less-than-significant impacts related to wasteful, inefficient, and unnecessary consumption of energy and impediment of future renewable energy development. 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis 14 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Regulatory Background and Thresholds California State Executive Order S-3-05, issued by Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger in June 2005, established comprehensive GHG reduction targets for the State.7F7F 13 It mandated reducing GHG emissions to 2000 levels by 2010, to 1990 levels by 2020, and to 80 percent below 1990 levels by 2050. This Executive Order laid the foundation for subsequent climate change mitigation efforts in California, including the development of various policies and programs aimed at reducing emissions across sectors such as transportation, energy, and industry. The objective of the Executive Order is to contribute to capping worldwide CO2 concentrations at 450 parts-per-million (ppm), stabilizing global climate change. The SCAQMD convened a GHG Emissions CEQA Significance Threshold Working Group to help lead agencies determine significance thresholds for GHG emissions when SCAQMD is not the lead agency. The last working group was held in September 2010 (Meeting No. 15) and proposed a tiered approach (Tier 1 to Tier 5), which involves different methods to determine significance of GHG emissions.14 This assessment will apply the Tier 3 (Numerical Screening Thresholds) approach. Tier 3 consists of screening values which the lead agency can choose from, but it must be consistent with all projects within its jurisdiction. A project’s construction emissions are averaged over 30 years and are added to the project’s operational emissions. If a project’s emissions are below one of the following screening thresholds, then the project impact would be less than significant: • Option 1, all land use types: 3,000 MTCO2e per year • Option 2, based on land use type: o Residential: 3,500 MTCO2e per year o Commercial: 1,400 MTCO2e per year o Mixed-use: 3,000 MTCO2e per year Based on the foregoing guidance, the City has elected to rely on compliance with a local air district (SCAQMD) threshold in the determination of significance of project-related GHG emissions. Specifically, the City has selected the interim 3,000 MTCO2e per year threshold recommended by SCAQMD staff for all land use types against which to compare project-related GHG emissions. The City understands that the 3,000 MTCO2e per year threshold was proposed by SCAQMD a decade ago and was adopted as an interim policy; however, no permanent, superseding policy or threshold has since been adopted. The 3,000 MTCO2e per year threshold was developed and recommended by SCAQMD, an expert agency, based on substantial evidence as provided in the Draft Guidance Document – Interim CEQA Greenhouse Gas Significance Threshold document and subsequent Working Group meetings (latest of which occurred in 2010).15 SCAQMD has not withdrawn its support of the interim threshold and all documentation supporting the interim threshold remains on the SCAQMD website on a page that provides guidance to CEQA practitioners for air quality analysis (and where all SCAQMD significance thresholds for regional and local criteria pollutants and toxic air contaminants also are listed). Further, as stated by SCAQMD, this threshold uses the Executive Order S-3-05 goal [80 percent below 1990 levels by 2050] as the basis for 13 Executive Department State of California Executive Order S-3-05: https://www.library.ca.gov/wp- content/uploads/GovernmentPublications/executive -order-proclamation/5129-5130.pdf 14 SCAQMD. (2010). Minutes of the GHG CEQA Significance Threshold Stakeholder Working Group #15 . http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ceqa/handbook/greenhouse-gases-(ghg)-ceqa-significance- thresholds/year-2008-2009/ghg-meeting-15/ghg-meeting-15-minutes.pdf 15 SCAQMD. (2008). Interim CEQA GHG Significance Threshold for Stationary Sources, Rules and Plans. http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ceqa/handbook/greenhouse-gases-(ghg)-ceqa-significance- thresholds/ghgboardsynopsis.pdf 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis 15 deriving the screening level, and thus remains valid for use in 2025 and for purposes of this CEQA document. Lastly, this threshold has been used for hundreds, if not thousands, of GHG analyses performed for projects located within the SCAQMD jurisdiction. Project GHG Emissions The Project’s construction GHG emissions are shown in Table 7, Project Construction GHG Emissions. These emissions were calculated using the CalEEMod model. The construction emissions are amortized over 30 years and added to the operational GHG emissions in Table 8. Table 7: Project Construction GHG Emissions Source: CalEEMod Output Sheets (See Attachment A) The overall construction and operational emissions are shown in Table 8, Total Project GHG Emissions, below. As shown in Table 8, the Project’s construction and operation GHG emissions would total 475 MTCO2e per year. This total is below the SCAQMD significance threshold of 3,000 MTCO2e/year. Therefore, the Project would have a less-than-significant impact related to GHG emissions. Table 8: Total Project GHG Emissions Note: Numbers have been rounded. Source: CalEEMod Output Sheets (See Attachment A) Activity Annual GHG Emissions (MTCO2e) 2026 190 2027 263 Total Emissions 453 Total Emissions Amortized Over 30 Years 15 Activity Annual GHG Emissions (MTCO2e) Mobile 357 Area 1 Energy 80 Water 5 Waste 17 Total Project Operation Emissions 460 Project Construction Emissions 15 Total Project Emissions 475 Significance Threshold 3,000 Threshold Exceeded? No 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis 16 Project Consistency with the City of Fontana General Plan Update and 2022 CARB Scoping Plan City of Fontana General Plan Update Table 9, City of Fontana General Plan Update Consistency Summary, provides a consistency summary that outlines the City of Fontana General Plan Update (adopted in 2018) goals and policies related to GHG emissions. As shown in Table 9, the Project would be consistent with the City of Fontana General Plan Update goals and policies related to GHG emissions. Table 9: City of Fontana General Plan Update Consistency Summary Goals Consistency Community Mobility and Circulation Goal 5: Fontana’s commercial and mixed-use areas include a multi-functional street network that ensures a safe, comfortable, and efficient movement of people, goods, and services to support a high quality of life and economic vitality. Consistent. The Project includes 7,089.46 square feet of off-site improvements consisting of the construction of 12-foot-wide sidewalks along the Project frontages on both Tokay Avenue and Citrus Avenue. The City of Fontana is served by Omnitrans, with Route 10 operating along the Project’s frontage on Citrus Avenue. These improvements would support alternate transportation modes, including transit and pedestrian access. Goal 6: The city has attractive and convenient parking facilities for both motorized and non-motorized vehicles that meet the needs that fit the context. Consistent. The proposed Project would provide a total of 167 passenger vehicle stalls, consisting of 74 garage spaces, 44 driveway spaces, 15 additional on-lot stalls, and 34 guest stalls. The provided parking supply is consistent with City parking code requirements. In addition, the garage spaces would also accommodate storage areas for non-motorized vehicles such as bicycles. Infrastructure and Green Systems Goal 7: Fontana is becoming an energy- efficient community. Consistent. The proposed Project would be designed to meet the 2022 Title 24 Part 6 building energy requirements, which would minimize the energy utilized through the installation of enhanced insulation and the use of energy-efficient lights and appliances. This ensures the Project would be designed in a manner that would facilitate the reduction of GHG emissions from on-site sources. Sustainability and Resilience Goal 3: Renewable sources of energy, including solar and wind, and other energy - conservation strategies are available to city households and businesses. Consistent. Consistent with the 2022 Title 24 Part 6 requirements, the proposed project would install solar panels as part of the development. This would contribute to renewable resources for the households proposed by the Project. Goal 6: Green building techniques are used in new development and retrofits. Consistent. The proposed Project would be designed to meet the 2022 Title 24 Part 6 and Part 11 building energy and CALGreen requirements, which would minimize the energy utilized and promote environmental resilience. This ensures the Project would be designed in a manner that would facilitate the reduction of GHG emissions from on-site sources and address the changing climate. Source: City of Fontana. (2018). Fontana General Plan Update 2015-2035. Reference at: https://www.fontanaca.gov/2632/General-Plan-Update-2015---2035 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis 17 CARB 2022 Scoping Plan CARB’s 2022 Scoping Plan for Achieving Carbon Neutrality16 (2022 Scoping Plan) sets California’s GHG emission reduction target for 2045 at 85% below 1990 levels, which was codified by SB 32. Table 10, 2022 Scoping Plan Consistency Summary, demonstrates that the Project would comply with all applicable plans and programs intended to reduce GHG emissions. Table 11, Local Action Policies (Appendix D of the 2022 Scoping Plan), identifies GHG reduction measures for implementation by local governments. These local policies focus on climate action planning and approval of new land use development projects. The Project is consistent with these measures and would not conflict with any plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing GHG emissions within the 2022 Scoping Plan. Table 1 0: 2022 Scoping Plan Consistency Summary Action Consistency GHG Emissions Reductions Relative to the SB 32 Target 40% below 1990 levels by 2030. Consistent. The Project would comply with the 2022 Title 24 Part 6 (Energy Code) and Part 11 (CALGreen) requirements, along with other local and State initiatives that aim to achieve the 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030 goal. Smart Growth/Vehicle Miles Traveled VMT VMT per capita is reduced 25% below 2019 levels by 2030, and 30% below 2019 levels by 2045. Consistent. The proposed Project includes the installation of sidewalks along the Project’s frontage on Citrus and Tokay Avenues to improve walkability and encourage walking and the use of the bus as alternative modes of transportation. The Project is consistent with the growth and land use assumptions in the Southern California Association of Governments’ 2022 Connect SoCal Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy, so the Project would not interfere with the analysis completed for the Connect SoCal report outlining VMT reduction targets and measures. Light-Duty Vehicle (LDV) Zero-Emission Vehicles (ZEVs) 100% of LDV sales are ZEV by 2035. Consistent. The proposed Project would comply with Title 24, Part 6 by providing electrical wiring in garages to allow for the future installation of electric vehicle chargers. Truck ZEVs 100% of medium-duty (MDV)/HDC sales are ZEV by 2040 (AB 74 University of California Institute of Transportation Studies [ITS] report). Not Applicable. The proposed Project is a residential project and does not propose the sale of trucks nor would trucks be associated with the project. Aviation 20% of aviation fuel demand is met by electricity (batteries) or hydrogen (fuel cells) in 2045. Sustainable aviation fuel meets most or the rest of the aviation fuel demand that has not already transitioned to hydrogen or batteries. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is a residential project and would not utilize aviation fuel. 16 California Air Resources Board. (2022). California’s 2022 Climate Change Scoping Plan Table 2-1: Actions for the Scoping Plan Scenario: AB 32 GHG Inventory Sectors. Referenced at: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2023-04/2022-sp.pdf 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis 18 Action Consistency Ocean-Going Vessels (OGV) 2020 OGV At-Berth regulation fully implemented, with most OGVs utilizing shore power by 2027. 25% of OGVs utilize hydrogen fuel cell electric technology by 2045. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is a residential project and would not utilize any OGVs. Port Operations 100% of cargo handling equipment is zero- emission by 2037. 100% of drayage trucks are zero emission by 2035. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is a residential project and would not be associated with operations at any ports. Freight and Passenger Rail 100% of passenger and other locomotive sales are ZEV by 2030. 100% of line haul locomotive sales are ZEV by 2035. Line haul and passenger rail rely primarily on hydrogen fuel cell technology, and others primarily utilize electricity. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is a residential project and would not involve any freight or passenger rail operations. Oil and Gas Extraction Reduce oil and gas extraction operations in line with petroleum demand by 2045. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is a residential project and would not involve oil and gas extraction operations. Petroleum Refining CCS on majority of operations by 2030, beginning in 2028. Production reduced in line with petroleum demand. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is a residential project and would not involve any petroleum refining. Electricity Generation Sector GHG target of 38 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMTCO2e) in 2030 and 30 MMTCO2e in 2035. Retail sales load coverage13420 gigawatts (GW) of offshore wind by 2045. Meet increased demand for electrification without new fossil gas-fired resources. Consistent. The proposed Project would install solar energy systems in compliance with Title 24 requirements to meet the demand for electrification without relying on new fossil gas -fired resources. New Residential and Commercial Buildings All electric appliances beginning 2026 (residential) and 2029 (commercial), contributing to 6 million heat pumps installed statewide by 2030. Consistent. The proposed Project would comply with the 2022 Title 24, Part 6 building energy requirements, which would require all in-unit appliances for residential projects to be all-electric and Energy Star certified. Existing Residential Buildings 80% of appliance sales are electric by 2030 and 100% of appliance sales are electric by 2035. Appliances are replaced at end of life such that by 2030 there are 3 million all-electric and electric-ready homes—and by 2035, 7 million homes—as well as contributing to 6 million heat pumps installed statewide by 2030. Not Applicable. The Project site is vacant and proposes the construction of new residential buildings. Therefore, the development of the proposed project would not involve any existing residential buildings. 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis 19 Action Consistency Existing Commercial Buildings 80% of appliance sales are electric by 2030, and 100% of appliance sales are electric by 2045. Appliances are replaced at end of life, contributing to 6 million heat pumps installed statewide by 2030. Not Applicable. The Project site is vacant and proposes the construction of new residential buildings. Therefore, the development of the proposed project would not involve any existing Commercial buildings. Food Products 7.5% of energy demand electrified directly and/or indirectly by 2030; 75% by 2045. Consistent. The proposed Project is a residential project and does not involve large scale storage of food products. Additionally, the Project would comply with the 2022 Title 24, Part 6 building energy requirements, which would require all in-unit appliances for residential projects to be all-electric and Energy Star certified. Construction Equipment 25% of energy demand electrified by 2030 and 75% electrified by 2045. Consistent. The proposed Project would be required to use construction equipment that is registered by CARB and meet CARB’s standards. CARB sets its standards to be in line with the goal of reducing energy demand by 25% in 2030 and 75% in 2045. Chemicals and Allied Products; Pulp and Paper Electrify 0% of boilers by 2030 and 100% of boilers by 2045. Hydrogen for 25% of process heat by 2035 and 100% by 2045. Electrify 100% of other energy demand by 2045. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is a residential project and would not be utilized for pulp and/or paper products. Stone, Clay, Glass, and Cement CCS on 40% of operations by 2035 and on all facilities by 2045. Process emissions are reduced through alternative materials and CCS. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is a residential project and would not be utilized for stone, clay, glass, and cement. Other Industrial Manufacturing 0% energy demand electrified by 2030 and 50% by 2045. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is a residential project and would not involve the construction of new industrial manufacturing buildings. Combined Heat and Power Facilities retire by 2040. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is a residential project and would not involve any existing combined heat and power facilities. Agriculture Energy Use 25% energy demand electrified by 2030 and 75% by 2045. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is a residential project and would not involve any agricultural uses. Low-Carbon Fuels for Transportation Biomass supply is used to produce conventional and advanced biofuels, as well as hydrogen. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is a residential project and would not involve any production of biofuels. 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis 20 Action Consistency Low-Carbon Fuels for Buildings and Industry In 2030s, biomethane135 blended in pipeline Renewable hydrogen blended in fossil gas pipeline at 7% energy (~20% by volume), ramping up between 2030 and 2040. In 2030s, dedicated hydrogen pipelines constructed to serve certain industrial clusters. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is a residential project and would not involve any production of energy fuels for buildings and industry, nor would it impede the development and adoption of utilizing low-carbon fuels for buildings and industry. Non-Combustion Methane Emissions Increase landfill and dairy digester methane capture. Some alternative manure management is being deployed for smaller dairies. Moderate adoption of enteric strategies by 2030. Divert 75% of organic waste from landfills by 2025. Oil and gas fugitive methane emissions reduced 50% by 2030 and further reductions as infrastructure components retire in line with reduced fossil gas demand Not Applicable. The proposed Project is a residential project and would not involve any production of non-combustion methane emissions or organic waste. High GWP Potential Emissions Low GWP refrigerants introduced as building electrification increases, mitigating HFC emissions. Not Applicable. The proposed Project is a residential project and does not include large-scale refrigeration uses. Source: California Air Resources Board. (2022). California’s 2022 Climate Change Scoping Plan Table 2-1: Actions for the Scoping Plan Scenario: AB 32 GHG Inventory Sectors. Referenced at: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2023-04/2022-sp.pdf Table 11: Local Actions Policies (Appendix D of the 2022 Scoping Plan) Action Consistency VMT Reduction Adopt and implement Complete Streets policies and investments, consistent with general plan circulation element requirements. Consistent. The proposed Project includes the installation of sidewalks along its frontage on Citrus and Tokay Avenues, improving existing conditions and supporting the City’s Complete Streets goals. Increase public access to shared clean mobility options (such as planning for and investing in electric shuttles, bike share, car share, transit). Consistent. The Project site is located in a developed urban area with sidewalks along all nearby roadways. The proposed Project includes the installation of sidewalks along its frontage on Citrus and Tokay Avenues, improving pedestrian access and connectivity. On-site walkways would link the internal roadway system to these new and existing off-site sidewalks. In addition, the nearest bus stop from the Project driveway is the Citrus-Reed stop, located approximately 0.04 miles (61.84 meters) east, providing convenient access to public transit. 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis 21 Action Consistency Amend zoning or development codes to enable mixed- use, walkable, and compact infill development (such as increasing allowable density of the neighborhood). Consistent. The proposed Project is consistent with the City’s WMXU-1 General Plan designation and zoning of FBC–Neighborhood District which has a maximum density of 5 du/acre. As mentioned previously, the proposed Project would consist of 34 market rate units and 3 very low-income affordable units, which qualify the Project for a density bonus under the State of California Density Bonus Law (CA Gov Code Section 65915). Therefore, the proposed Project’s density of 7 du/acre would be considered consistent pursuant to the Density Bonus Law. As such, the Project would not result in a zoning or development code amendment. Building Decarbonization Adopt all-electric new construction reach codes. Consistent. The proposed Project would comply with Title 24 Parts 6 and 11, which includes electric heat pumps installed during construction and electric hookups for all appliances. Adopt policies and incentive programs to reduce electrical loads from equipment plugged into outlets (such as purchasing Energy Star equipment for municipal buildings, occupancy sensors, smart power strips, equipment controllers, etc.). Consistent. The proposed Project would be constructed in accordance with Title 24 CALGreen requirements, which includes installation of Energy Star equipment and appliances in new buildings. Facilitate deployment of renewable energy production and distribution and energy storage. Consistent. The proposed Project would be constructed in accordance with the California Energy Code (Title 24 Part 6) to meet all requirements related to solar energy production and the CALGreen Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24 Part 11) to meet efficiency standards. Source: California Air Resources Board. (2022). California’s 2022 Climate Change Scoping Plan Table 2-1: Actions for the Scoping Plan Scenario: AB 32 GHG Inventory Sectors. Referenced at: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2023-04/2022-sp.pdf Conclusion The construction and operational GHG emissions of the proposed Project are estimated to be 475 MTCO₂e per year, which is below the SCAQMD significance threshold of 3,000 MTCO₂e per year. Additionally, as shown in Tables 9, 10, and 11, the proposed Project would be consistent with the City of Fontana General Plan’s goals and policies related to the reduction of GHG emissions, as well as the CARB 2022 Scoping Plan. As such, the proposed Project would result in significant GHG emissions, nor would it conflict with any plan, policy, or regulation adopted to reduce GHG emissions. 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis Attachment A – CalEEMod Output Sheets 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 1 / 43 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report Table of Contents 1. Basic Project Information 1.1. Basic Project Information 1.2. Land Use Types 1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector 2. Emissions Summary 2.1. Construction Emissions Compared Against Thresholds 2.2. Construction Emissions by Year, Unmitigated 2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds 2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated 3. Construction Emissions Details 3.1. Site Preparation (2026) - Unmitigated 3.3. Grading (2026) - Unmitigated 3.5. Building Construction (2026) - Unmitigated 3.7. Building Construction (2027) - Unmitigated 3.9. Paving (2027) - Unmitigated 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 2 / 43 3.11. Architectural Coating (2027) - Unmitigated 4. Operations Emissions Details 4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use 4.1.1. Unmitigated 4.2. Energy 4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated 4.2.3. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated 4.3. Area Emissions by Source 4.3.1. Unmitigated 4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use 4.4.1. Unmitigated 4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use 4.5.1. Unmitigated 4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use 4.6.1. Unmitigated 4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type 4.7.1. Unmitigated 4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 3 / 43 4.8.1. Unmitigated 4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type 4.9.1. Unmitigated 4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type 4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated 4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated 4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated 5. Activity Data 5.1. Construction Schedule 5.2. Off-Road Equipment 5.2.1. Unmitigated 5.3. Construction Vehicles 5.3.1. Unmitigated 5.4. Vehicles 5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies 5.5. Architectural Coatings 5.6. Dust Mitigation 5.6.1. Construction Earthmoving Activities 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 4 / 43 5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies 5.7. Construction Paving 5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors 5.9. Operational Mobile Sources 5.9.1. Unmitigated 5.10. Operational Area Sources 5.10.1. Hearths 5.10.1.1. Unmitigated 5.10.2. Architectural Coatings 5.10.3. Landscape Equipment 5.11. Operational Energy Consumption 5.11.1. Unmitigated 5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption 5.12.1. Unmitigated 5.13. Operational Waste Generation 5.13.1. Unmitigated 5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment 5.14.1. Unmitigated 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 5 / 43 5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment 5.15.1. Unmitigated 5.16. Stationary Sources 5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps 5.16.2. Process Boilers 5.17. User Defined 5.18. Vegetation 5.18.1. Land Use Change 5.18.1.1. Unmitigated 5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type 5.18.1.1. Unmitigated 5.18.2. Sequestration 5.18.2.1. Unmitigated 6. Climate Risk Detailed Report 6.1. Climate Risk Summary 6.2. Initial Climate Risk Scores 6.3. Adjusted Climate Risk Scores 6.4. Climate Risk Reduction Measures 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 6 / 43 7. Health and Equity Details 7.1. CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Scores 7.2. Healthy Places Index Scores 7.3. Overall Health & Equity Scores 7.4. Health & Equity Measures 7.5. Evaluation Scorecard 7.6. Health & Equity Custom Measures 8. User Changes to Default Data 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 7 / 43 1. Basic Project Information 1.1. Basic Project Information Data Field Value Project Name 7844 Citrus Ave Construction Start Date 9/1/2026 Operational Year 2027 Lead Agency City of Fontana Land Use Scale Project/site Analysis Level for Defaults County Windspeed (m/s)2.80 Precipitation (days)6.40 Location 34.110966274645946, -117.45479982324977 County San Bernardino-South Coast City Fontana Air District South Coast AQMD Air Basin South Coast TAZ 5305 EDFZ 10 Electric Utility Southern California Edison Gas Utility Southern California Gas App Version 2022.1.1.30 1.2. Land Use Types Land Use Subtype Size Unit Lot Acreage Building Area (sq ft)Landscape Area (sq ft) Special Landscape Area (sq ft) Population Description Single Family Housing 37.0 Dwelling Unit 1.42 61,948 95,865 —179 — 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 8 / 43 Parking Lot 52.0 Space 0.47 0.00 0.00 ——— Other Asphalt Surfaces 0.16 Acre 0.16 0.00 0.00 ——— Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces 3.22 Acre 3.22 0.00 0.00 ——— Recreational Swimming Pool 0.60 1000sqft 0.03 600 0.00 ——— 1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector No measures selected 2. Emissions Summary 2.1. Construction Emissions Compared Against Thresholds Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit.ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Unmit.3.91 34.7 32.3 0.06 7.66 4.36 8,267 Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Unmit.22.2 24.9 23.1 0.06 4.83 2.35 8,242 Average Daily (Max)——————— Unmit.1.86 5.68 8.16 0.01 0.76 0.42 1,587 Annual (Max)——————— Unmit.0.34 1.04 1.49 < 0.005 0.14 0.08 263 Exceeds (Daily Max)——————— Threshold 75.0 100 550 150 150 55.0 — Unmit.No No No No No No — Exceeds (Average Daily) ——————— Threshold 75.0 100 550 150 150 55.0 — 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 9 / 43 Unmit.No No No No No No — 2.2. Construction Emissions by Year, Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Year ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Daily - Summer (Max)——————— 2026 3.91 34.7 32.3 0.06 7.66 4.36 8,267 2027 1.17 10.3 15.0 0.03 0.58 0.39 2,951 Daily - Winter (Max)——————— 2026 2.29 24.9 23.1 0.06 4.83 2.35 8,242 2027 22.2 10.4 14.8 0.03 0.59 0.39 2,935 Average Daily ——————— 2026 0.50 4.67 4.95 0.01 0.76 0.42 1,149 2027 1.86 5.68 8.16 0.01 0.33 0.22 1,587 Annual ——————— 2026 0.09 0.85 0.90 < 0.005 0.14 0.08 190 2027 0.34 1.04 1.49 < 0.005 0.06 0.04 263 2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit.ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Unmit.2.89 0.98 11.2 0.02 1.98 0.51 2,949 Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Unmit.2.62 1.03 7.76 0.02 1.97 0.51 2,797 Average Daily (Max)——————— Unmit.2.72 1.04 9.34 0.02 1.93 0.50 2,785 Annual (Max)——————— 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 10 / 43 Unmit.0.50 0.19 1.70 < 0.005 0.35 0.09 461 Exceeds (Daily Max)——————— Threshold 55.0 55.0 550 150 150 55.0 — Unmit.No No No No No No — Exceeds (Average Daily) ——————— Threshold 55.0 55.0 550 150 150 55.0 — Unmit.No No No No No No — Exceeds (Annual)——————— Threshold ——————3,000 Unmit.——————No 2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Mobile 1.23 0.96 9.09 0.02 1.97 0.51 2,321 Area 1.67 0.02 2.13 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 5.77 Energy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 485 Water ——————32.7 Waste ——————105 Refrig.——————0.45 Total 2.89 0.98 11.2 0.02 1.98 0.51 2,949 Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Mobile 1.14 1.03 7.76 0.02 1.97 0.51 2,174 Area 1.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Energy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 485 Water ——————32.7 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 11 / 43 Waste ——————105 Refrig.——————0.45 Total 2.62 1.03 7.76 0.02 1.97 0.51 2,797 Average Daily ——————— Mobile 1.11 1.03 7.88 0.02 1.93 0.50 2,158 Area 1.61 0.01 1.46 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 3.95 Energy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 485 Water ——————32.7 Waste ——————105 Refrig.——————0.45 Total 2.72 1.04 9.34 0.02 1.93 0.50 2,785 Annual ——————— Mobile 0.20 0.19 1.44 < 0.005 0.35 0.09 357 Area 0.29 < 0.005 0.27 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.65 Energy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 80.2 Water ——————5.42 Waste ——————17.4 Refrig.——————0.07 Total 0.50 0.19 1.70 < 0.005 0.35 0.09 461 3. Construction Emissions Details 3.1. Site Preparation (2026) - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Onsite ——————— Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Off-Road Equipment 3.83 34.6 31.0 0.05 1.77 1.62 5,551 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 12 / 43 Dust From Material Movement ————5.66 2.69 — Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Average Daily ——————— Off-Road Equipment 0.21 1.90 1.70 < 0.005 0.10 0.09 304 Dust From Material Movement ————0.31 0.15 — Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual ——————— Off-Road Equipment 0.04 0.35 0.31 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 50.4 Dust From Material Movement ————0.06 0.03 — Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite ——————— Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Worker 0.08 0.07 1.26 0.00 0.23 0.05 245 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Average Daily ——————— Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 0.05 0.00 0.01 < 0.005 12.5 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual ——————— Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 2.07 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 13 / 43 3.3. Grading (2026) - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Onsite ——————— Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Off-Road Equipment 2.16 19.1 19.1 0.03 1.04 0.96 3,146 Dust From Material Movement ————2.26 0.94 — Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Off-Road Equipment 2.16 19.1 19.1 0.03 1.04 0.96 3,146 Dust From Material Movement ————2.26 0.94 — Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average Daily ——————— Off-Road Equipment 0.12 1.04 1.05 < 0.005 0.06 0.05 172 Dust From Material Movement ————0.12 0.05 — Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual ——————— Off-Road Equipment 0.02 0.19 0.19 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 28.5 Dust From Material Movement ————0.02 0.01 — Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite ——————— Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Worker 0.06 0.06 1.08 0.00 0.20 0.05 210 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.07 5.50 3.14 0.03 1.34 0.41 4,911 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 14 / 43 Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Worker 0.06 0.07 0.82 0.00 0.20 0.05 192 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.07 5.73 3.16 0.03 1.34 0.41 4,904 Average Daily ——————— Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 0.05 0.00 0.01 < 0.005 10.7 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling < 0.005 0.32 0.17 < 0.005 0.07 0.02 269 Annual ——————— Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.77 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling < 0.005 0.06 0.03 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 44.5 3.5. Building Construction (2026) - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Onsite ——————— Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Off-Road Equipment 1.16 10.7 14.1 0.03 0.41 0.38 2,639 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average Daily ——————— Off-Road Equipment 0.15 1.38 1.82 < 0.005 0.05 0.05 341 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual ——————— Off-Road Equipment 0.03 0.25 0.33 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 56.4 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite ——————— 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 15 / 43 Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Worker 0.05 0.06 0.74 0.00 0.18 0.04 174 Vendor < 0.005 0.14 0.07 < 0.005 0.04 0.01 129 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average Daily ——————— Worker 0.01 0.01 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.01 22.8 Vendor < 0.005 0.02 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 16.7 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual ——————— Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 3.78 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 2.76 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.7. Building Construction (2027) - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Onsite ——————— Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Off-Road Equipment 1.11 10.2 14.0 0.03 0.36 0.34 2,639 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Off-Road Equipment 1.11 10.2 14.0 0.03 0.36 0.34 2,639 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average Daily ——————— Off-Road Equipment 0.56 5.10 7.03 0.01 0.18 0.17 1,322 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual ——————— 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 16 / 43 Off-Road Equipment 0.10 0.93 1.28 < 0.005 0.03 0.03 219 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite ——————— Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Worker 0.06 0.05 0.91 0.00 0.18 0.04 186 Vendor < 0.005 0.13 0.07 < 0.005 0.04 0.01 127 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Worker 0.05 0.05 0.69 0.00 0.18 0.04 170 Vendor < 0.005 0.13 0.07 < 0.005 0.04 0.01 126 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average Daily ——————— Worker 0.03 0.03 0.36 0.00 0.09 0.02 86.7 Vendor < 0.005 0.07 0.03 < 0.005 0.02 0.01 63.3 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual ——————— Worker < 0.005 0.01 0.07 0.00 0.02 < 0.005 14.3 Vendor < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 10.5 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.9. Paving (2027) - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Onsite ——————— Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Off-Road Equipment 0.85 7.77 10.6 0.02 0.33 0.30 1,629 Paving 0.08 —————— 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 17 / 43 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average Daily ——————— Off-Road Equipment 0.05 0.43 0.58 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 89.3 Paving < 0.005 —————— Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual ——————— Off-Road Equipment 0.01 0.08 0.11 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 14.8 Paving < 0.005 —————— Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite ——————— Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Worker 0.08 0.08 1.01 0.00 0.26 0.06 251 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average Daily ——————— Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 0.06 0.00 0.01 < 0.005 14.0 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual ——————— Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 2.31 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.11. Architectural Coating (2027) - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Onsite ——————— 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 18 / 43 Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Off-Road Equipment 0.15 1.11 1.50 < 0.005 0.03 0.02 179 Architectural Coatings 22.1 —————— Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average Daily ——————— Off-Road Equipment 0.01 0.06 0.08 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 9.79 Architectural Coatings 1.21 —————— Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual ——————— Off-Road Equipment < 0.005 0.01 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.62 Architectural Coatings 0.22 —————— Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite ——————— Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Worker 0.01 0.01 0.14 0.00 0.04 0.01 34.1 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average Daily ——————— Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.90 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual ——————— Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.31 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 19 / 43 4. Operations Emissions Details 4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use 4.1.1. Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Single Family Housing 1.23 0.96 9.09 0.02 1.97 0.51 2,321 Parking Lot 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Recreational Swimming Pool 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total 1.23 0.96 9.09 0.02 1.97 0.51 2,321 Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Single Family Housing 1.14 1.03 7.76 0.02 1.97 0.51 2,174 Parking Lot 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Recreational Swimming Pool 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total 1.14 1.03 7.76 0.02 1.97 0.51 2,174 Annual ——————— Single Family Housing 0.20 0.19 1.44 < 0.005 0.35 0.09 357 Parking Lot 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 20 / 43 Other Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Recreational Swimming Pool 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total 0.20 0.19 1.44 < 0.005 0.35 0.09 357 4.2. Energy 4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Single Family Housing ——————467 Parking Lot ——————17.1 Other Asphalt Surfaces ——————0.00 Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces ——————0.00 Recreational Swimming Pool ——————0.00 Total ——————485 Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Single Family Housing ——————467 Parking Lot ——————17.1 Other Asphalt Surfaces ——————0.00 Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces ——————0.00 Recreational Swimming Pool ——————0.00 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 21 / 43 Total ——————485 Annual ——————— Single Family Housing ——————77.4 Parking Lot ——————2.83 Other Asphalt Surfaces ——————0.00 Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces ——————0.00 Recreational Swimming Pool ——————0.00 Total ——————80.2 4.2.3. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Single Family Housing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Parking Lot 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Recreational Swimming Pool 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Single Family Housing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Parking Lot 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 22 / 43 0.000.000.000.000.000.000.00Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces Recreational Swimming Pool 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual ——————— Single Family Housing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Parking Lot 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Recreational Swimming Pool 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.3. Area Emissions by Source 4.3.1. Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Source ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Consumer Products 1.36 —————— Architectural Coatings 0.12 —————— Landscape Equipment 0.19 0.02 2.13 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 5.77 Total 1.67 0.02 2.13 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 5.77 Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Consumer Products 1.36 —————— 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 23 / 43 Architectural Coatings 0.12 —————— Total 1.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual ——————— Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Consumer Products 0.25 —————— Architectural Coatings 0.02 —————— Landscape Equipment 0.02 < 0.005 0.27 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.65 Total 0.29 < 0.005 0.27 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.65 4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use 4.4.1. Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Single Family Housing ——————32.2 Parking Lot ——————0.00 Other Asphalt Surfaces ——————0.00 Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces ——————0.00 Recreational Swimming Pool ——————0.52 Total ——————32.7 Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Single Family Housing ——————32.2 Parking Lot ——————0.00 Other Asphalt Surfaces ——————0.00 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 24 / 43 0.00——————Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces Recreational Swimming Pool ——————0.52 Total ——————32.7 Annual ——————— Single Family Housing ——————5.33 Parking Lot ——————0.00 Other Asphalt Surfaces ——————0.00 Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces ——————0.00 Recreational Swimming Pool ——————0.09 Total ——————5.42 4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use 4.5.1. Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Single Family Housing ——————98.5 Parking Lot ——————0.00 Other Asphalt Surfaces ——————0.00 Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces ——————0.00 Recreational Swimming Pool ——————6.45 Total ——————105 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 25 / 43 Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Single Family Housing ——————98.5 Parking Lot ——————0.00 Other Asphalt Surfaces ——————0.00 Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces ——————0.00 Recreational Swimming Pool ——————6.45 Total ——————105 Annual ——————— Single Family Housing ——————16.3 Parking Lot ——————0.00 Other Asphalt Surfaces ——————0.00 Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces ——————0.00 Recreational Swimming Pool ——————1.07 Total ——————17.4 4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use 4.6.1. Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Single Family Housing ——————0.44 Recreational Swimming Pool ——————< 0.005 Total ——————0.45 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 26 / 43 Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Single Family Housing ——————0.44 Recreational Swimming Pool ——————< 0.005 Total ——————0.45 Annual ——————— Single Family Housing ——————0.07 Recreational Swimming Pool ——————< 0.005 Total ——————0.07 4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type 4.7.1. Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipment Type ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Total ——————— Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Total ——————— Annual ——————— Total ——————— 4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type 4.8.1. Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipment Type ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Daily, Summer (Max)——————— 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 27 / 43 Total ——————— Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Total ——————— Annual ——————— Total ——————— 4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type 4.9.1. Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipment Type ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Total ——————— Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Total ——————— Annual ——————— Total ——————— 4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type 4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Vegetation ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Total ——————— Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Total ——————— Annual ——————— 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 28 / 43 Total ——————— 4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Total ——————— Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Total ——————— Annual ——————— Total ——————— 4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e Daily, Summer (Max)——————— Avoided ——————— Subtotal ——————— Sequestered ——————— Subtotal ——————— Removed ——————— Subtotal ——————— ———————— Daily, Winter (Max)——————— Avoided ——————— Subtotal ——————— Sequestered ——————— Subtotal ——————— 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 29 / 43 Removed ——————— Subtotal ——————— ———————— Annual ——————— Avoided ——————— Subtotal ——————— Sequestered ——————— Subtotal ——————— Removed ——————— Subtotal ——————— ———————— 5. Activity Data 5.1. Construction Schedule Phase Name Phase Type Start Date End Date Days Per Week Work Days per Phase Phase Description Site Preparation Site Preparation 9/1/2026 9/28/2026 5.00 20.0 — Grading Grading 9/29/2026 10/26/2026 5.00 20.0 — Building Construction Building Construction 10/27/2026 9/13/2027 5.00 230 — Paving Paving 10/14/2027 11/10/2027 5.00 20.0 — Architectural Coating Architectural Coating 11/11/2027 12/8/2027 5.00 20.0 — 5.2. Off-Road Equipment 5.2.1. Unmitigated Phase Name Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 3.00 8.00 367 0.40 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 30 / 43 0.3784.08.000.00AverageDieselSite Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Back hoes Site Preparation Crawler Tractors Diesel Average 4.00 8.00 87.0 0.43 Grading Excavators Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 36.0 0.38 Grading Graders Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 148 0.41 Grading Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 367 0.40 Grading Tractors/Loaders/Back hoes Diesel Average 0.00 8.00 84.0 0.37 Grading Crawler Tractors Diesel Average 3.00 8.00 87.0 0.43 Building Construction Cranes Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 367 0.29 Building Construction Forklifts Diesel Average 3.00 8.00 82.0 0.20 Building Construction Generator Sets Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 14.0 0.74 Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Back hoes Diesel Average 3.00 8.00 84.0 0.37 Building Construction Welders Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 46.0 0.45 Paving Pavers Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 81.0 0.42 Paving Paving Equipment Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 89.0 0.36 Paving Rollers Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 36.0 0.38 Paving Cement and Mortar Mixers Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 10.0 0.56 Architectural Coating Air Compressors Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 37.0 0.48 5.3. Construction Vehicles 5.3.1. Unmitigated Phase Name Trip Type One-Way Trips per Day Miles per Trip Vehicle Mix Site Preparation ———— Site Preparation Worker 17.5 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2 Site Preparation Vendor —10.2 HHDT,MHDT Site Preparation Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 31 / 43 Site Preparation Onsite truck ——HHDT Grading ———— Grading Worker 15.0 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2 Grading Vendor —10.2 HHDT,MHDT Grading Hauling 68.8 20.0 HHDT Grading Onsite truck ——HHDT Building Construction ———— Building Construction Worker 13.6 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2 Building Construction Vendor 4.05 10.2 HHDT,MHDT Building Construction Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT Building Construction Onsite truck ——HHDT Paving ———— Paving Worker 20.0 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2 Paving Vendor —10.2 HHDT,MHDT Paving Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT Paving Onsite truck ——HHDT Architectural Coating ———— Architectural Coating Worker 2.71 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2 Architectural Coating Vendor —10.2 HHDT,MHDT Architectural Coating Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT Architectural Coating Onsite truck ——HHDT 5.4. Vehicles 5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies Non-applicable. No control strategies activated by user. 5.5. Architectural Coatings 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 32 / 43 Parking Area Coated (sq ft)Phase Name Residential Interior Area Coated (sq ft) Residential Exterior Area Coated (sq ft) Non-Residential Interior Area Coated (sq ft) Non-Residential Exterior Area Coated (sq ft) Architectural Coating 125,445 41,815 1,179 393 10,062 5.6. Dust Mitigation 5.6.1. Construction Earthmoving Activities Phase Name Material Imported (Cubic Yards) Material Exported (Cubic Yards) Acres Graded (acres)Material Demolished (sq. ft.)Acres Paved (acres) Site Preparation ——105 0.00 — Grading 0.00 10,993 50.0 0.00 — Paving 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.26 5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies Control Strategies Applied Frequency (per day)PM10 Reduction PM2.5 Reduction Water Exposed Area 3 74%74% 5.7. Construction Paving Land Use Area Paved (acres)% Asphalt Single Family Housing 0.41 0% Parking Lot 0.47 100% Other Asphalt Surfaces 0.16 100% Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces 3.22 0% Recreational Swimming Pool 0.00 0% 5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors kWh per Year and Emission Factor (lb/MWh) Year kWh per Year CO2 CH4 N2O 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 33 / 43 2026 0.00 346 0.03 < 0.005 2027 0.00 346 0.03 < 0.005 5.9. Operational Mobile Sources 5.9.1. Unmitigated Land Use Type Trips/Weekday Trips/Saturday Trips/Sunday Trips/Year VMT/Weekday VMT/Saturday VMT/Sunday VMT/Year Single Family Housing 349 351 314 125,616 2,747 2,762 2,470 989,019 Parking Lot 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Recreational Swimming Pool 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.10. Operational Area Sources 5.10.1. Hearths 5.10.1.1. Unmitigated Hearth Type Unmitigated (number) Single Family Housing — Wood Fireplaces 0 Gas Fireplaces 0 Propane Fireplaces 0 Electric Fireplaces 0 No Fireplaces 37 Conventional Wood Stoves 0 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 34 / 43 Catalytic Wood Stoves 0 Non-Catalytic Wood Stoves 0 Pellet Wood Stoves 0 5.10.2. Architectural Coatings Residential Interior Area Coated (sq ft) Residential Exterior Area Coated (sq ft) Non-Residential Interior Area Coated (sq ft) Non-Residential Exterior Area Coated (sq ft) Parking Area Coated (sq ft) 125444.7 41,815 1,179 393 10,062 5.10.3. Landscape Equipment Season Unit Value Snow Days day/yr 0.00 Summer Days day/yr 250 5.11. Operational Energy Consumption 5.11.1. Unmitigated Electricity (kWh/yr) and CO2 and CH4 and N2O and Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Land Use Electricity (kWh/yr)CO2 CH4 N2O Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Single Family Housing 489,946 346 0.0330 0.0040 0.00 Parking Lot 17,935 346 0.0330 0.0040 0.00 Other Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 346 0.0330 0.0040 0.00 Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 346 0.0330 0.0040 0.00 Recreational Swimming Pool 0.00 346 0.0330 0.0040 0.00 5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption 5.12.1. Unmitigated 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 35 / 43 Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year)Outdoor Water (gal/year) Single Family Housing 1,542,203 1,881,621 Parking Lot 0.00 0.00 Other Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 0.00 Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 0.00 Recreational Swimming Pool 35,486 0.00 5.13. Operational Waste Generation 5.13.1. Unmitigated Land Use Waste (ton/year)Cogeneration (kWh/year) Single Family Housing 52.3 — Parking Lot 0.00 — Other Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 — Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 — Recreational Swimming Pool 3.42 — 5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment 5.14.1. Unmitigated Land Use Type Equipment Type Refrigerant GWP Quantity (kg)Operations Leak Rate Service Leak Rate Times Serviced Single Family Housing Average room A/C & Other residential A/C and heat pumps R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 2.50 2.50 10.0 Single Family Housing Household refrigerators and/or freezers R-134a 1,430 0.12 0.60 0.00 1.00 Recreational Swimming Pool Other commercial A/C and heat pumps R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 4.00 4.00 18.0 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 36 / 43 1.000.001.000.041,430R-134aRecreational Swimming Pool Stand-alone retail refrigerators and freezers 5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment 5.15.1. Unmitigated Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor 5.16. Stationary Sources 5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps Equipment Type Fuel Type Number per Day Hours per Day Hours per Year Horsepower Load Factor 5.16.2. Process Boilers Equipment Type Fuel Type Number Boiler Rating (MMBtu/hr)Daily Heat Input (MMBtu/day)Annual Heat Input (MMBtu/yr) 5.17. User Defined Equipment Type Fuel Type 5.18. Vegetation 5.18.1. Land Use Change 5.18.1.1. Unmitigated Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres 5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 37 / 43 5.18.1.1. Unmitigated Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres 5.18.2. Sequestration 5.18.2.1. Unmitigated Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year)Natural Gas Saved (btu/year) 6. Climate Risk Detailed Report 6.1. Climate Risk Summary Cal-Adapt midcentury 2040–2059 average projections for four hazards are reported below for your project location. These are under Representation Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 which assumes GHG emissions will continue to rise strongly through 2050 and then plateau around 2100. Climate Hazard Result for Project Location Unit Temperature and Extreme Heat 21.7 annual days of extreme heat Extreme Precipitation 5.25 annual days with precipitation above 20 mm Sea Level Rise —meters of inundation depth Wildfire 0.00 annual hectares burned Temperature and Extreme Heat data are for grid cell in which your project are located. The projection is based on the 98th historical percentile of daily maximum/minimum temperatures from observed historical data (32 climate model ensemble from Cal-Adapt, 2040–2059 average under RCP 8.5). Each grid cell is 6 kilometers (km) by 6 km, or 3.7 miles (mi) by 3.7 mi. Extreme Precipitation data are for the grid cell in which your project are located. The threshold of 20 mm is equivalent to about ¾ an inch of rain, which would be light to moderate rainfall if received over a full day or heavy rain if received over a period of 2 to 4 hours. Each grid cell is 6 kilometers (km) by 6 km, or 3.7 miles (mi) by 3.7 mi. Sea Level Rise data are for the grid cell in which your project are located. The projections are from Radke et al. (2017), as reported in Cal-Adapt (Radke et al., 2017, CEC-500-2017-008), and consider inundation location and depth for the San Francisco Bay, the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta and California coast resulting different increments of sea level rise coupled with extreme storm events. Users may select from four scenarios to view the range in potential inundation depth for the grid cell. The four scenarios are: No rise, 0.5 meter, 1.0 meter, 1.41 meters Wildfire data are for the grid cell in which your project are located. The projections are from UC Davis, as reported in Cal-Adapt (2040–2059 average under RCP 8.5), and consider historical data of climate, vegetation, population density, and large (> 400 ha) fire history. Users may select from four model simulations to view the range in potential wildfire probabilities for the grid cell. The four simulations make different assumptions about expected rainfall and temperature are: Warmer/drier (HadGEM2-ES), Cooler/wetter (CNRM-CM5), Average conditions (CanESM2), Range of different rainfall and temperature possibilities (MIROC5). Each grid cell is 6 kilometers (km) by 6 km, or 3.7 miles (mi) by 3.7 mi. 6.2. Initial Climate Risk Scores 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 38 / 43 Climate Hazard Exposure Score Sensitivity Score Adaptive Capacity Score Vulnerability Score Temperature and Extreme Heat 3 0 0 N/A Extreme Precipitation N/A N/A N/A N/A Sea Level Rise 1 0 0 N/A Wildfire 1 0 0 N/A Flooding N/A N/A N/A N/A Drought N/A N/A N/A N/A Snowpack Reduction N/A N/A N/A N/A Air Quality Degradation 0 0 0 N/A The sensitivity score reflects the extent to which a project would be adversely affected by exposure to a climate hazard. Exposure is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest exposure. The adaptive capacity of a project refers to its ability to manage and reduce vulnerabilities from projected climate hazards. Adaptive capacity is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest ability to adapt. The overall vulnerability scores are calculated based on the potential impacts and adaptive capacity assessments for each hazard. Scores do not include implementation of climate risk reduction measures. 6.3. Adjusted Climate Risk Scores Climate Hazard Exposure Score Sensitivity Score Adaptive Capacity Score Vulnerability Score Temperature and Extreme Heat 3 1 1 3 Extreme Precipitation N/A N/A N/A N/A Sea Level Rise 1 1 1 2 Wildfire 1 1 1 2 Flooding N/A N/A N/A N/A Drought N/A N/A N/A N/A Snowpack Reduction N/A N/A N/A N/A Air Quality Degradation 1 1 1 2 The sensitivity score reflects the extent to which a project would be adversely affected by exposure to a climate hazard. Exposure is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest exposure. The adaptive capacity of a project refers to its ability to manage and reduce vulnerabilities from projected climate hazards. Adaptive capacity is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest ability to adapt. 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 39 / 43 The overall vulnerability scores are calculated based on the potential impacts and adaptive capacity assessments for each hazard. Scores include implementation of climate risk reduction measures. 6.4. Climate Risk Reduction Measures 7. Health and Equity Details 7.1. CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Scores The maximum CalEnviroScreen score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects a higher pollution burden compared to other census tracts in the state. Indicator Result for Project Census Tract Exposure Indicators — AQ-Ozone 97.0 AQ-PM 91.2 AQ-DPM 44.6 Drinking Water 66.7 Lead Risk Housing 17.7 Pesticides 0.00 Toxic Releases 70.1 Traffic 22.7 Effect Indicators — CleanUp Sites 0.00 Groundwater 0.00 Haz Waste Facilities/Generators 87.1 Impaired Water Bodies 0.00 Solid Waste 0.00 Sensitive Population — Asthma 35.5 Cardio-vascular 74.9 Low Birth Weights 90.0 Socioeconomic Factor Indicators — 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 40 / 43 Education 67.1 Housing 32.3 Linguistic 42.1 Poverty 46.6 Unemployment 60.6 7.2. Healthy Places Index Scores The maximum Health Places Index score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects healthier community conditions compared to other census tracts in the state. Indicator Result for Project Census Tract Economic — Above Poverty 73.87398948 Employed 66.08494803 Median HI 76.97934043 Education — Bachelor's or higher 33.61991531 High school enrollment 16.64314128 Preschool enrollment 6.954959579 Transportation — Auto Access 81.29090209 Active commuting 28.82073656 Social — 2-parent households 63.10791736 Voting 37.89298088 Neighborhood — Alcohol availability 69.81906839 Park access 24.90696779 Retail density 29.59065828 Supermarket access 48.50506865 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 41 / 43 Tree canopy 11.20236109 Housing — Homeownership 87.77107661 Housing habitability 74.22045425 Low-inc homeowner severe housing cost burden 66.09778006 Low-inc renter severe housing cost burden 33.49159502 Uncrowded housing 67.80443988 Health Outcomes — Insured adults 47.32452201 Arthritis 87.4 Asthma ER Admissions 59.8 High Blood Pressure 83.5 Cancer (excluding skin)80.0 Asthma 58.2 Coronary Heart Disease 90.3 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 88.0 Diagnosed Diabetes 65.9 Life Expectancy at Birth 84.7 Cognitively Disabled 85.7 Physically Disabled 88.8 Heart Attack ER Admissions 27.3 Mental Health Not Good 56.0 Chronic Kidney Disease 79.8 Obesity 44.4 Pedestrian Injuries 39.5 Physical Health Not Good 65.0 Stroke 88.3 Health Risk Behaviors — 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 42 / 43 Binge Drinking 15.4 Current Smoker 63.1 No Leisure Time for Physical Activity 61.9 Climate Change Exposures — Wildfire Risk 0.0 SLR Inundation Area 0.0 Children 45.9 Elderly 96.3 English Speaking 60.3 Foreign-born 41.2 Outdoor Workers 55.6 Climate Change Adaptive Capacity — Impervious Surface Cover 52.6 Traffic Density 33.7 Traffic Access 23.0 Other Indices — Hardship 49.3 Other Decision Support — 2016 Voting 49.9 7.3. Overall Health & Equity Scores Metric Result for Project Census Tract CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Score for Project Location (a)58.0 Healthy Places Index Score for Project Location (b)51.0 Project Located in a Designated Disadvantaged Community (Senate Bill 535)No Project Located in a Low-Income Community (Assembly Bill 1550)No Project Located in a Community Air Protection Program Community (Assembly Bill 617)No 7844 Citrus Ave Detailed Report, 10/21/2025 43 / 43 a: The maximum CalEnviroScreen score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects a higher pollution burden compared to other census tracts in the state. b: The maximum Health Places Index score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects healthier community conditions compared to other census tracts in the state. 7.4. Health & Equity Measures No Health & Equity Measures selected. 7.5. Evaluation Scorecard Health & Equity Evaluation Scorecard not completed. 7.6. Health & Equity Custom Measures No Health & Equity Custom Measures created. 8. User Changes to Default Data Screen Justification Construction: Construction Phases Removed demolition phase as the site is vacant. Construction: Off-Road Equipment Assumed all construction will be utilized 8 hours per work day. Operations: Vehicle Data Adjusted rates for Weekday Trips, Saturday Trips, and Sunday Trips to match ITE 11th Edition Trip Rates for Single Family Detached Housing (ITE Land Use Code 210). No trips were assigned to the recreational pool, as it is a private facility intended for residents’ use only and is not anticipated to generate external vehicle trips. Land Use Adjusted based on information provided on the Site Plan. Construction: Dust From Material Movement Adjusted based on the grading plan provided by the client. Operations: Hearths Fireplaces and Wood Stoves are removed in accordance with SCAQMD Rule 445. All other fireplaces were removed as the project does not propose them. Operations: Energy Use Since the Project does not include natural gas, the estimated natural gas consumption is converted to electricity-equivalent using a factor of 0.18 (1,157,719.5 kBTU/year × 0.18 = 208,390 kWh) and added to the electricity consumption (281,556 kWh for Single Family Housing units and 17,935 for Parking Lots), resulting in a total electricity use of 507,881 kWh/year, based on the American Gas Association (AGA) 2022, Comparison of Home Appliance Energy Use, Operating Costs, and Carbon Dioxide Emissions – 2022 Update. 7844 Citrus Avenue, Fontana Air Quality, Energy, and GHG Impact Analysis Attachment B – Detailed Calculation Sheets ROG NOx CO SOx PM10 PM2.5 Site Preparation 3.83 34.61 31.01 0.05 7.43 4.31 Off-Road 3.83 34.61 31.01 0.05 1.77 1.62 Onsite Truck 5.66 2.69 Off-Site (Worker Trip) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Grading 2.16 19.06 19.09 0.03 3.30 1.89 Off-Road 2.16 19.06 19.09 0.03 1.04 0.96 Onsite Truck 2.26 0.94 Off-Site (Worker Trip) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Off-Site (Hauling Trip) Building Construction 1.16 10.67 14.07 0.03 0.41 0.38 Off-Road 1.16 10.67 14.07 0.03 0.41 0.38 Onsite Truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Off-Site (Worker Trip) Off-Site (Vendor Trip) Maximum Daily Emissions (2026) 3.83 34.61 31.01 0.05 7.43 4.31 Building Construction 1.11 10.17 14.04 0.03 0.36 0.34 Off-Road 1.11 10.17 14.04 0.03 0.36 0.34 Onsite Truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Off-Site (Worker Trip) Off-Site (Vendor Trip) Paving 0.93 7.77 10.60 0.02 0.33 0.30 Off-Road 0.85 7.77 10.60 0.02 0.33 0.30 Paving 0.08 Off-Site (Worker Trip) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Architectural Coating 22.24 1.11 1.50 0.00 0.03 0.02 Off-Road 0.15 1.11 1.50 0.00 0.03 0.02 Architectural Coating 22.08 Off-Site (Worker Trip) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Maximum Daily Emissions (2027) 22.24 10.17 14.04 0.03 0.36 0.34 Maximum Daily Emissions 22.24 34.61 31.01 0.05 7.43 4.31 SCAQMD Thresholds 75 100 550 150 150 55 Threshold Exceeded? No No No No No No Construction Emissions Notes: ROG = reactive organic gases, NOx = nitrogen oxides, CO = carbon monoxide, SOx = sulfur oxides, PM10 = particulate matter 10 microns in diameter, PM2.5 = particulate matter 2.5 microns in diameter Source: CalEEMod Output Sheets. Construction Activity Maximum Daily Regional Emissions (pounds/day) 2026 (Year 1) 2027(Year 2) ROG NOx CO SOx PM10 PM2.5 Mobile 1.14 1.03 7.76 0.02 1.97 0.51 Area 1.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Energy 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Winter Proposed Project Operational Emissions 2.62 1.03 7.76 0.02 1.97 0.51 Mobile 1.22 0.96 9.09 0.02 1.97 0.51 Area 1.67 0.02 2.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 Energy 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Summer Proposed Project Operational Emissions 2.89 0.98 11.23 0.02 1.97 0.51 Mobile 1.22 1.03 9.09 0.02 1.97 0.51 Area 1.67 0.02 2.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 Energy - - - - - - Total Operational Emissions 2.89 1.05 11.23 0.02 1.97 0.51 SCAQMD Significance Thresholds 55 55 550 150 150 55 Threshold Exceeded? No No No No No No Maximum Operational Emissions Operational Activity Maximum Daily Regional Emissions (pounds/day) Summer Winter Rubber Tired Dozers 3 8 0.5 1.5 Crawler Tractors 4 8 0.5 2 3.5 Crawler Tractors 3 8 0.5 1.5 Rubber Tired Dozers 1 8 0.5 0.5 Graders 1 8 0.5 0.5 2.5 3.5 Acres Disturbed per Piece of Equipment per Day Source: CalEEMod Output Sheets. Construction Equipment Modeled in CalEEMod and Acres Disturbed Per Day Site Preparation Total Acres Disturbed Per Day Grading Total Acres Disturbed Per Day Maximum Acres Disturbed Per Day Activity Equipment Type Equipment Quantity Acres Disturbed per Day Operating Hours per Day NOx CO PM10 PM2.5 Site Preparation 34.61 31.01 7.43 4.31 Grading 19.06 19.09 3.30 1.89 Building Construction 10.67 14.07 0.41 0.38 Maximum On-site Emission (2026) 34.61 31.01 7.43 4.31 Building Construction 10.17 14.04 0.36 0.34 Paving 7.77 10.60 0.33 0.30 Architectural Coating 1.11 1.50 0.03 0.02 Maximum On-site Emission (2027) 10.17 14.04 0.36 0.34 Maximum Daily Emissions 34.61 31.01 7.43 4.31 SCAQMD Screening Thresholds 220.00 1359.00 10.50 6.00 Threshold Exceeded? No No No No Localized Construction Emission Estimates 2027 (Year 2) Construction Activity Maximum Daily Localized Emissions (pounds/day) 2026(Year 1) Fuel Rate Fuel Use (gal/hp-hr) (gallons) Rubber Tired Dozers 3 8 367 0.4 20 70,464 0.046957715 3,309 Crawler Tractors 4 8 84 0.37 20 19,891 0.050365891 1,002 Excavators 1 8 36 0.38 20 2,189 0.051101755 112 Graders 1 8 148 0.41 20 9,709 0.052054888 505 Rubber Tired Dozers 1 8 367 0.4 20 23,488 0.046957715 1,103 Crawler Tractors 3 8 87 0.43 20 17,957 0.050365891 904 Cranes 1 8 367 0.29 230 195,831 0.054273862 10,629 0.200480249 Forklifts 3 8 82 0.2 230 90,528 0.053469583 4,840 0.273855103 Generator Sets 1 8 14 0.74 230 19,062 0.080503233 1,535 0.205036961 Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 3 8 84 0.37 230 171,562 0.053493354 9,177 Welders 1 8 46 0.45 230 38,088 0.032115071 1,223 Pavers 2 8 81 0.42 20 10,886 0.051638563 562 Paving Equipment 2 8 89 0.36 20 10,253 0.05129285 526 Cement and Mortar Mixers 2 8 10 0.56 20 1,792 0.048501212 87 Rollers 2 8 36 0.38 20 4,378 0.053604335 235 Architectual Coating Air Compressors 1 8 37 0.48 20 2,842 0.030167966 86 35,835 Model Output: OFFROAD2021 (v1.0.9) Emissions Inventory Region Type: Sub-Area Region: Riverside (SC) Calendar Year: 2027 Scenario: All Adopted Rules - Exhaust Vehicle Classification: OFFROAD2021 Equipment Types Units: tons/day for Emissions, gallons/year for Fuel, hours/year for Activity, Horsepower-hours/year for Horsepower-hours Region Calendar Year Vehicle Category Model Year Horsepower BinFuel Fuel ConsumptionHorsepower_Hours_hhpyFuel Rate San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Rubber Tired Dozers Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 94866.439 2020252.426 0.046958 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 2562375.6 47900820.93 0.053493 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Graders Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 385497.12 7405589.129 0.052055 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Excavators Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 2591582.5 50714159.53 0.051102 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Scrapers Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 987109.85 20652849.43 0.047795 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Industrial - Forklifts Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 336921.46 6301179.813 0.05347 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Light Commercial - Misc - Generator Sets Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 158306.93 1966466.7 0.080503 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Cranes Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 299133.7 5511560.918 0.054274 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Light Commercial - Misc - Welders Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 172450.79 5369777.8 0.032115 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Pavers Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 167866.73 3250801.703 0.051639 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Paving Equipment Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 185972.48 3625699.919 0.051293 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Rollers Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 451711.5 8426771.713 0.053604 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Light Commercial - Misc - Air Compressors Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 33041.631 1095255.5 0.030168 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Concrete/Industrial Saws Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 1819.2752 43602.9 0.041724 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Crawler Tractors Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 816540.41 16212170.42 0.050366 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Off-Highway Trucks Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 1075548.8 22175709.35 0.048501 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Light Commercial - Misc - Pumps Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 87300 1150626 0.075872 Construction Equipment Fuel Usage (Off-Road) Total Source: Fuel Calculation Sheets (see Attachment C) Horse- power Load Factor Days of Construction Total Horsepower- hours Activity Equipment Number Hours per day Site Preparation Grading Paving Building Construction Construction Source Total Trips VMT Fuel Rate (Miles/Gallons) Gallons of Diesel Fuel Gallons of Gasoline Fuel Haul Trucks 2,750.0 55000.0 6.2 8,929.4 - Vendor Trucks 1,864.7 19019.7 7.9 2,416.1 - Worker Vehicles 8,451.7 156356.4 27.6 - 5,672.7 11,345.5 5,672.7 Duration(days) 5.3. Construction Vehicles SP 20 5.3.1 Unmitigated GR 20 Phase Name Trip Type One-Way Trips per Day Miles per Trip Vehicle Mix BC 230 Site Preparation PV 20 Site Preparation Worker 17.5 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2 C 20 Site Preparation Vendor 10.2 HHDT,MHDT Site Preparation Hauling 0 20 HHDT Site Preparation Onsite truck HHDT MHD 9.04 0.594731 Grading HHD 6.16 0.405269 Grading Worker 15 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2 Grading Vendor 10.2 HHDT,MHDT Grading Hauling 68.75 20 HHDT LDA 30.98 0.378011 Grading Onsite truck HHDT LDT1 25.48 0.310954 Building Construction LDT2 25.49 0.311034 Building Construction Worker 13.572 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2 81.95274 Building Construction Vendor 4.05364 10.2 HHDT,MHDT Building Construction Hauling 0 20 HHDT Building Construction Onsite truck HHDT Paving Paving Worker 20 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2 Paving Vendor 10.2 HHDT,MHDT Paving Hauling 0 20 HHDT Paving Onsite truck HHDT Architectural Coating Architectural Coating Worker 2.7144 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2 Architectural Coating Vendor 10.2 HHDT,MHDT Architectural Coating Hauling 0 20 HHDT Architectural Coating Onsite truck HHDT Source: EMFAC2021 (v1.0.2) Emissions Inventory Region Type: Sub-Area Region: Riverside (SC) Calendar Year: 2027 2026 Construction start year Season: Annual Vehicle Classification: EMFAC2007 Categories Units: miles/day for CVMT and EVMT, trips/day for Trips, kWh/day for Energy Consumption, tons/day for Emissions, 1000 gallons/day for Fuel ConsumptionCalendar Year Vehicle Category Model Year Speed Fuel VMT Fuel ConsumptionFuel Rate San Bernardino (SC)2027 MHDT Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 665955.7 73.67631 9.04 100% San Bernardino (SC)2027 HHDT Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 1831295 297.3158 6.16 100% Weighted Vendor 7.871963 Source: EMFAC2021 (v1.0.2) Emissions Inventory Region Type: Sub-Area Region: Riverside (SC) Calendar Year: 2026 Season: Annual Vehicle Classification: EMFAC2007 Categories Units: miles/day for CVMT and EVMT, trips/day for Trips, kWh/day for Energy Consumption, tons/day for Emissions, 1000 gallons/day for Fuel Consumption Region Calendar Year Vehicle Category Model Year Speed Fuel VMT Fuel Consumption San Bernardino (SC)2027 LDA Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 19874166 641.5352 30.98 100% San Bernardino (SC)2027 LDT1 Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 1360018 53.36846 25.48 100% San Bernardino (SC)2027 LDT2 Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 8343535 327.3243 25.49 100% 27.56296 Total Source: CalEEMod Output Sheets (see Attachment B) Construction On-Road Fuel Consumption Average MGP From Vehicle Splits Weighted Vendor Weighted Worker Construction Source Gallons of Diesel Fuel Gallons of Gasoline Fuel Construction Vehicles 11,345.5 5,672.7 Off-Road Construction Equipment 35,835.0 - Total 47,180.5 5,672.7 Countywide 3,541,000.0 416,064,805.7 Percentage Increase 1.3324%0.0014% Model Output: OFFROAD2021 (v1.0.5) Emissions Inventory Region Type: County Region: Riverside Calendar Year: 2027 Scenario: All Adopted Rules - Exhaust Vehicle Classification: OFFROAD2021 Equipment Types Units: tons/day for Emissions, gallons/year for Fuel, hours/year for Activity, Horsepower-hours/year for Horsepower-hours Region Calendar Year Vehicle Category Model YearHorsepower BinFuel Fuel ConsumptionHorsepower_Hours_hhp San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Bore/Drill Rigs Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 315826.13 6290764.229 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Cranes Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 299133.7 5511560.918 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Crawler Tractors Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 816540.41 16212170.42 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Excavators Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 2591582.5 50714159.53 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Graders Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 385497.12 7405589.129 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Asphalt Pavers Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 7577.0192 77369.05 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Bore/Drill Rigs Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 4871.3302 57049.5 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Bore/Drill Rigs Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 32.067505 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Cement And Mortar MixersAggregate Aggregate Gasoline 29988.488 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Cement And Mortar MixersAggregate Aggregate Diesel 46.707963 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Concrete/Industrial Saws Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 37555.036 155690.75 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Concrete/Industrial Saws Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 1819.2752 43602.9 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Cranes Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 3985.8 88311.75 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Crushing/Proc. Equipment Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 187.44898 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Dumpers/Tenders Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 3101.6055 6022.5 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Dumpers/Tenders Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 3.771367 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Excavators Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 26.927286 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Other Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 6084.55 139349.7 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Other Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 100.25639 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Pavers Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 7.1024898 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Paving Equipment Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 56103.117 78803.5 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Paving Equipment Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 12.009299 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Plate Compactors Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 20532.874 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Plate Compactors Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 33.617728 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Rollers Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 25928.043 236129.45 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Rollers Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 206.29819 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Rough Terrain Forklifts Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 28156.1 466659.8 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Rubber Tired Loaders Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 14928.5 283648.8 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Rubber Tired Loaders Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 4.9305971 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Signal Boards Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 580.72536 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Signal Boards Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 1328.544 17826.6 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Skid Steer Loaders Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 55531.517 722174.4 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Skid Steer Loaders Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 1382.0108 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Surfacing Equipment Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 24919.054 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Tampers/Rammers Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 3456.103 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Tractors/Loaders/BackhoesAggregate Aggregate Gasoline 9573.95 206955 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Tractors/Loaders/BackhoesAggregate Aggregate Diesel 128.81549 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Trenchers Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 47287.805 405697.5 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Misc - Trenchers Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 173.62856 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Off-Highway Tractors Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 463125.27 9100900.001 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Off-Highway Trucks Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 1075548.8 22175709.35 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Pavers Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 167866.73 3250801.703 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Paving Equipment Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 185972.48 3625699.919 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Rollers Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 451711.5 8426771.713 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Rough Terrain Forklifts Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 552620.68 10526592.07 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Rubber Tired Dozers Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 94866.439 2020252.426 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Rubber Tired Loaders Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 1890869.9 37623871.2 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Scrapers Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 987109.85 20652849.43 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Skid Steer Loaders Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 903320.21 16157878.6 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Surfacing Equipment Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 87740.387 1745575.726 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 2562375.6 47900820.93 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Construction and Mining - Trenchers Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 90071.728 1676115.107 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Industrial - Aerial Lifts Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 75701.76 1360182.604 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Industrial - Forklifts Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 336921.46 6301179.813 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Industrial - Misc - Aerial Lifts Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 56891.061 1139165 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Industrial - Misc - Aerial Lifts Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 87.15021 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Industrial - Misc - Forklifts Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 1790097.1 57858343.65 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Industrial - Misc - Other General Industrial Equipment Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 30586.023 441584.3 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Industrial - Misc - Other General Industrial Equipment Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 67.76302 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Industrial - Misc - Other Material Handling Equipment Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 13417.4 267720.2 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Industrial - Misc - Sweepers/Scrubbers Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 101825.91 1399636.3 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Industrial - Misc - Sweepers/Scrubbers Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 18.157468 0 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Industrial - Other General Industrial Equipment Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 98771.172 1953208.21 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Light Commercial - Misc - Air Compressors Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 1171835.3 2231620.95 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Light Commercial - Misc - Air Compressors Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 33041.631 1095255.5 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Light Commercial - Misc - Generator Sets Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 1970969.7 3038931.6 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Light Commercial - Misc - Generator Sets Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 158306.93 1966466.7 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Light Commercial - Misc - Pressure Washers Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 815061.83 15559.95 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Light Commercial - Misc - Pressure Washers Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 813.07948 23440.3 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Light Commercial - Misc - Pumps Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 260776.35 1420404.8 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Light Commercial - Misc - Pumps Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 87335.105 1150626 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Light Commercial - Misc - Welders Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 519479.27 2160836.5 San Bernardino (SC)2027 Light Commercial - Misc - Welders Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 172450.79 5369777.8 Construction Fuel Consumption Summary Operational Source Countywide Energy Consumption Percentage Increase Proposed Project 16,629,614,195.0 0.0031% Annual VMT Proposed Project 989,018.8 35,728.0 416,064,805.7 0.0086% CalEEMod Output Land Use Type VMT/Year 562.123065 562123065 Single Family Housing 989018.838 56,198,871,758.75 Other Asphalt Surfaces 0 Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces 0 Parking Lot 0 5.11. Operational Energy Consumption 5.11.1 Unmitigated Land Use Electricity (kWh/yr) Single Family Housing 489946 Parking Lot 17934.5232 Other Asphalt Surfaces 0 Other Non-Asphalt Surfaces 0 Recreational Swimming Pool 0 Source: EMFAC2025 (v2.0.0) Emissions Inventory Region Type: Sub-Area San Bernardino (SC) Calendar Year: 2027 Season: Annual Vehicle Classification: EMFAC2007 Categories Region Calendar Year Vehicle Category Model Year Speed Fuel Fuel Consumption San Bernardino (SC)2027 HHDT Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 0.03124 San Bernardino (SC)2027 HHDT Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 346.5832 San Bernardino (SC)2027 LDA Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 436.0978 San Bernardino (SC)2027 LDA Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 0.460432 San Bernardino (SC)2027 LDT1 Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 48.38305 San Bernardino (SC)2027 LDT1 Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 0.007212 San Bernardino (SC)2027 LDT2 Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 315.1395 San Bernardino (SC)2027 LDT2 Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 0.352868 San Bernardino (SC)2027 LHDT1 Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 33.78126 San Bernardino (SC)2027 LHDT1 Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 14.04892 San Bernardino (SC)2027 LHDT2 Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 9.141488 San Bernardino (SC)2027 LHDT2 Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 16.22636 San Bernardino (SC)2027 MCY Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 2.724676 San Bernardino (SC)2027 MDV Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 270.4433 San Bernardino (SC)2027 MDV Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 6.874906 San Bernardino (SC)2027 MH Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 5.754803 San Bernardino (SC)2027 MH Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 1.085705 San Bernardino (SC)2027 MHDT Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 15.51201 San Bernardino (SC)2027 MHDT Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 69.17707 San Bernardino (SC)2027 OBUS Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 1.948356 San Bernardino (SC)2027 OBUS Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 1.592106 San Bernardino (SC)2027 SBUS Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 0.946095 San Bernardino (SC)2027 SBUS Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 0.673503 Sum of Fuel ConsumptionAnnual Consumption Diesel 457.082326 166835049.1 Gasoline 1139.90358 416064805.7 Total 1596.9859 Units: miles/day for Combustion VMT and Electric VMT, trips/day for Trips, tons/day for Emissions, 1000 gallons/day for Fuel Consumption, kWh/day for Energy Consumption, kg/day for Hydrogen Consumption Gallons of Gasoline Fuel Operational Energy Consumption Electricity (Kilowatt-Hour) Petroleum (Gasoline) Consumption Source: CalEEMod Output Sheets (see Attachment B) Energy Usage 507,880.5 Project Construction GHG Emissions CO2e 2026 190 2027 263 Total Emissions 453 Total Emissions Amortized Over 30 Years 15 Total Project GHG Emissions CO2e Mobile 357 Area 1 Energy 80 Water 5 Waste 17 Refrigeration 0 Total Project Gross Operation Emissions 460 Amortized Construction Emissions 15 Project Total Emissions 475 Significance Threshold 3,000 Threshold Exceeded? No Activity Source: CalEEMod Output Sheets Project Operation Project Construction Project Construction and Operation Notes: 1. Numbers may vary due to rounding. Source: CalEEMod Output Sheets Activity Fleet Mix Land Use Subtype HHD LDA LDT1 LDT2 LHD1 LHD2 MCY MDV MH MHD OBUS SBUS UBUS Total CalEEMod default 1.685409 49.41136 3.52959 21.5359 2.993452 0.857845 2.222741 15.49771 0.509016 1.529825 0.057546 0.131961 0.037639 100 LDA 0.494114 LDT1 0.035296 LDT2 0.215359 MCY 0.022227 MDV 0.154977 Sum 0.921973 Trucks LHD1 0.029935 LHD2 0.008578 MHD 0.015298 HHD 0.016854 Sum 0.070665 0.992638 Passenger