HomeMy WebLinkAboutCitrus and Summit Residential Addendum EIR Final October 2025
ADDENDUM TO THE FONTANA GENERAL PLAN UPDATE
FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
(STATE CLEARINGHOUSE #2016021099)
MCN#24-0059; TPM 24-019, AND DRP24-030 –
CITRUS AND SUMMIT 595 UNIT
MULTIFAMILY DEVELOPMENT
AT CITRUS AVE AND SUMMIT AVE
CITRUS AND SUMMIT
MULTI-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL PROJECT
Prepared For:
City of Fontana
8353 Sierra Avenue
Fontana, CA 92335
Prepared By:
Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc.
3801 University Ave, Suite 300
Riverside, CA 92501
October 2025
Environmental Factors Potentially Affected
The environmental factors checked below would be potentially affected by this project, involving at least
one impact that is a “Potentially Significant Impact” as indicated by the checklist on the following pages.
☒Aesthetics
☒ Air Quality
☐ Agricultural and Forestry Resources
☒ Biological Resources
☒ Cultural Resources
☐ Energy
☐ Geology/Soils
☒ Greenhouse Gas Emissions
☒ Hazards & Hazardous Materials
☐ Hydrology/Water Quality
☐ Land Use/Planning
☐ Mineral Resources
☒ Noise
☐ Population/Housing
☐ Public Services
☐ Recreation
☒ Transportation
☐ Tribal Cultural Resources
☐ Utilities/Service Systems
☐ Wildfire
☐ Mandatory Findings of Significance
DETERMINATION:
On the basis of this initial evaluation (check one):
I find that the proposed project COULD NOT have a significant effect on the environment, and a
NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared.
I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment, there
will not be a significant effect in this case because revisions in the project have been made by or
agreed to by the project proponent. A MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared.
I find that the proposed project MAY have a significant effect on the environment, and an
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required.
I find that the proposed project MAY have a "potentially significant impact" or "potentially
significant unless mitigated" impact on the environment, but at least one effect 1) has been
adequately analyzed in an earlier document pursuant to applicable legal standards, and 2) has been
addressed by mitigation measures based on the earlier analysis as described on attached sheets.
An ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required, but it must analyze only the effects that remain
to be addressed.
I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment,
because all potentially significant effects (a) have been analyzed adequately in an earlier EIR or
NEGATIVE DECLARATION pursuant to applicable standards, and (b) have been avoided or mitigated
pursuant to that earlier EIR or NEGATIVE DECLARATION, including revisions or mitigation measures
that are imposed upon the proposed project, nothing further is required.
I find that the amended project has previously been analyzed as part of an earlier CEQA document.
Minor additions and/or clarifications are needed to make the previous documentation adequate to
cover the project which are documented in this ADDENDUM to the earlier CEQA document (CEQA
Section 15164).
CERTIFICATION:
___________________________________________ ____________________________
Signature Date
Table of Contents
Fontana General Plan Update i Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Purpose of the Addendum and Background on the General Plan Update 2015-2035 and Its EIR ........ 1
2 Description of Proposed Project ............................................................................................................ 4
2.1 Project Setting and Location ....................................................................................................... 4
2.2 Project Description ...................................................................................................................... 4
2.3 Construction Schedule ................................................................................................................ 7
2.4 Project Approvals ........................................................................................................................ 7
3 Fontana General Plan Update Environmental Impact Analysis Summary ........................................... 12
4 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project Environmental Impact Analysis and Project
Approvals .................................................................................................................................. 13
4.1 Aesthetics .................................................................................................................................. 14
4.2 Agricultural and Forestry Resources ......................................................................................... 22
4.3 Air Quality ................................................................................................................................. 25
4.4 Biological Resources .................................................................................................................. 42
4.5 Cultural Resources .................................................................................................................... 54
4.6 Geology, Soils, and Seismicity ................................................................................................... 64
4.7 Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Climate Change) .......................................................................... 72
4.8 Hazards and Hazardous Materials ............................................................................................ 81
4.9 Hydrology and Water Quality ................................................................................................... 91
4.10 Land Use and Planning .............................................................................................................. 98
4.11 Mineral Resources .................................................................................................................. 103
4.12 Noise ....................................................................................................................................... 105
4.13 Population and Housing .......................................................................................................... 117
4.14 Public Services ......................................................................................................................... 121
4.15 Recreation ............................................................................................................................... 127
4.16 Transportation ........................................................................................................................ 130
4.17 Utilities and Service Systems .................................................................................................. 143
4.18 Wildfire.................................................................................................................................... 154
4.19 Energy ..................................................................................................................................... 157
4.20 Tribal Cultural Resources ........................................................................................................ 162
4.21 Mandatory Findings of Significance ........................................................................................ 167
5 Determination of Appropriate CEQA Documentation ....................................................................... 170
6 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................................... 173
7 References .......................................................................................................................................... 174
Table of Contents
Fontana General Plan Update ii Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Regional Location Map .................................................................................................................. 8
Figure 2: Project Vicinity Map ....................................................................................................................... 9
Figure 3: Conceptual Site Plan .................................................................................................................... 10
Figure 4: Project Construction Phasing ....................................................................................................... 11
Figure 5: Grapeland Historic District Map .................................................................................................. 56
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Project Construction Emissions ..................................................................................................... 29
Table 2: Project Operational Emissions ...................................................................................................... 29
Table 3: Local Significance Thresholds for Construction/Operations ......................................................... 37
Table 4: Equipment-Specific Disturbance Rates ......................................................................................... 37
Table 5: Localized Significance of Construction Emissions ......................................................................... 38
Table 6: Localized Significance of Operational Emissions ........................................................................... 39
Table 7: Previously Recorded Cultural Resources ....................................................................................... 58
Table 8: Project Construction GHG Emissions ............................................................................................ 75
Table 9: Difference in GHG Emissions from Proposed Project Compared to General Plan Update ........... 76
Table 10: Typical Construction Noise Levels ............................................................................................. 108
Table 11: Project Construction Noise Levels ............................................................................................. 110
Table 12: Existing and Project Traffic Noise Levels ................................................................................... 112
Table 13: Typical Construction Equipment Vibration Levels .................................................................... 114
Table 14: Existing Year (2024) Origin-Destination VMT ............................................................................ 133
Table 15: Cumulative Year (2045) Origin-Destination VMT ...................................................................... 134
Table 16: Existing Year (2024) Boundary VMT .......................................................................................... 134
Table 17: Cumulative Year (2045) Boundary VMT .................................................................................... 134
Table 18: Intersection Operations with and without Improvements ....................................................... 135
Table 19: Energy Use During Construction ............................................................................................... 159
Table 20: Annual Energy Use During Operations ...................................................................................... 160
Table of Contents
Fontana General Plan Update iii Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
LIST OF APPENDICES
A1. Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Consistency Analysis
A2. Health Risk Assessment
B. Biological Resources Assessment
C. Cultural Resources Assessment
D. Preliminary Geotechnical Investigation
E. Phase I Environmental Site Assessment
F. Noise Analysis
G1. VMT Study
G2. Traffic Study
H. Energy Technical Memorandum
I. Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program
J. Water Quality Management Plan
K. Public Sewer Area Study
L. Preliminary Hydrology Report
M. Water Supply Assessment
N. General Plan Land Use Consistency Analysis
Purpose of the Addendum
Fontana General Plan Update 1 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
1 PURPOSE OF THE ADDENDUM AND BACKGROUND ON THE GENERAL PLAN
UPDATE 2015-2035 AND ITS EIR
This Addendum has been prepared in accordance with the provisions of the California Environmental
Quality Act (CEQA) (California Public Resources Code [PRC] Section 21000 et seq.); the CEQA Guidelines
(Title 14, California Code of Regulations [CCR] Section 15000 et seq.); and the rules, regulations, and
procedures for implementing CEQA as set forth by the City of Fontana (City). The City is the lead agency
under the CEQA.
Section 15164(a) of the CEQA Guidelines states that “the lead agency or a responsible agency shall prepare
an addendum to a previously certified EIR if some changes or additions are necessary, but none of the
conditions described in Section 15162 calling for preparation of a subsequent EIR have occurred.”
Pursuant to Section 15162(a) of the CEQA Guidelines, a subsequent Environmental Impact Report (EIR) or
Negative Declaration is only required when:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified as
complete or the Negative Declaration was adopted, shows any of the following:
(A) The project will have one or more significant effects not discussed in the previous EIR or
negative declaration;
(B) Significant effects previously examined will be substantially more severe than shown in the
previous EIR;
(C) Mitigation measures or alternatives previously found not to be feasible would in fact be
feasible, and would substantially reduce one or more significant effects of the project, but
the project proponents decline to adopt the mitigation measure or alternative; or
(D) Mitigation measures or alternatives which are considerably different from those analyzed
in the previous EIR would substantially reduce one or more significant effects on the
environment, but the project proponents decline to adopt the mitigation measure or
alternative.
The Fontana General Plan Update (GP) Final Environmental Impact Report (FEIR) was adopted on
November 13, 2018, and was intended to develop a long-range blueprint for Fontana’s physical
development.
Purpose of the Addendum
Fontana General Plan Update 2 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
The Fontana GP is a comprehensive policy and regulatory guidance document for the private use and
development of all properties within the Fontana GP planning area. By providing the necessary regulatory
and design guidance, the Fontana GP ensures that future development implements the goals and policies
of the City of Fontana GP. Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15168, a Program EIR was prepared for
the Fontana GP. Per the Draft EIR for the Fontana GP, the goals, policies, land use designations,
implementation programs, and other substantive components of the General Plan and implementing
sections of the Zoning and Development Code comprise the “program” evaluated in this Program EIR. The
EIR assumed a buildout horizon of 2035, and it assumed development would occur consistent with the
land use designations included in the General Plan.
Following the certification of the Program EIR and adoption of the Fontana Forward General Plan by the
City, the Program EIR may be used in the approval of subsequent implementation activities.
Subsequent activities undertaken by the City of Fontana (City) and project proponents to implement the
General Plan will be examined in light of the Program EIR to determine the appropriate level of
environmental review required under CEQA. Such subsequent implementation activities may include the
following:
o Updating the Zoning Code;
o Rezoning of properties to achieve consistency with the General Plan;
o Updating and approval of Specific Plans, Area Plans, and other development plans and planning
documents;
o Approval of tentative maps, variances, conditional use permits, and other land use permits and
entitlements;
o Approval of development agreements;
o Approval of facility and service master plans and financing plans;
o Approval and funding of public improvement projects;
o Approval of resource management plans;
o Issuance of municipal bonds;
o Issuance of permits and other approvals necessary for implementation of the General Plan;
o Acquisition of property;
o Issuance of permits and other approvals necessary for public and private development projects;
and/or
o Future amendments to the City’s Housing Element and other General Plan Elements.
The City has received an application for the Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential project (Project)
for the development of 27.3 net acres (28.4 gross) acres of land located within the Village Form Based
Code District (FBC), and is further identified as containing 29 separate assessor land parcels, which are
San Bernardino County Assessor Parcels 1108-082-01 through 1108-082-20 and 1108-082-22 through
1108-082-30. The Project site is shown in a regional and local context in Figure 1: Regional Location Map
Purpose of the Addendum
Fontana General Plan Update 3 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
and Figure 2: Local Vicinity Map. The Project site has a Fontana GP land use designation of Walkable
Mixed Use Urban Village (WMXU-2) and a Zoning designation of FBC Village District.
The approximately 28.4-acre Project site is currently vacant and previously disturbed and consists of
relatively flat land as elevation ranges from approximately 1,599 feet above mean sea level (AMSL) to
1,625 AMSL. The Project site is accessible from Summit Avenue to the north and Citrus Avenue to the east.
The purpose of this Addendum is to analyze any potential differences between the impacts identified for
the Project site in the FEIR for the Fontana GP and those that would be associated with development of
the Project as proposed herein. As identified above, pursuant to provisions of CEQA and the CEQA
Guidelines, the City is the “Lead Agency” charged with the responsibility of deciding whether to approve
development on the Project site. As part of its decision-making process, the City is required to review and
consider whether the Project would create new significant impacts or more severe significant impacts
than those previously disclosed, analyzed and mitigated for in the FEIR. Additional CEQA review beyond
this Addendum would only be triggered if the Project created new significant impacts or more severe
significant impacts than those disclosed, analyzed and mitigated for in the FEIR. New threshold guidelines
do not constitute “new information” requiring additional environmental review.1 CEQA Guidelines Section
15164(a) states that an Addendum is the appropriate CEQA document for the Project, if the City finds that
major revisions to the FEIR are not necessary and that none of the conditions described in CEQA Guidelines
Section 15162 calling for the preparation of subsequent or supplemental EIR (SEIR) are triggered.
As detailed herein, the Project would not result in any new significant impacts and/or more severe impact
that were not disclosed, analyzed and mitigated for in the FEIR. As demonstrated in this Addendum, the
potential impacts associated with the Project would either be the same or less than those described in
the FEIR. In addition, there are no substantial changes to the circumstances under which the Project would
be undertaken that would result in new or more severe environmental impacts than previously addressed
in the FEIR, nor has any new information regarding the potential for new or more severe significant
environmental impacts been identified. Therefore, in accordance with Section 15164 of the CEQA
Guidelines, this Addendum to the previously certified FEIR is the appropriate environmental
documentation for the Project. In taking action on any of the approvals, the decision-making body must
consider the whole of the data presented in the FEIR and the previously adopted Mitigation Monitoring
and Reporting Program (MMRP), as augmented by this Addendum.
1 Concerned Dublin Citizens v. City of Dublin (2013) 214 Cal.App.4th 1301.
Environmental Impact Analysis Summary
Fontana General Plan Update 4 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
2 DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED PROJECT
2.1 Project Setting and Location
The Project site is located at the southwest corner of the Summit Avenue and Citrus Avenue intersection
in the City of Fontana, San Bernardino County, California. The Project site consists of approximately 28.4
acres and is further identified as containing 29 separate assessor land parcels, which are San Bernardino
County Assessor Parcels 1108-082-01through 1108-082-20 and 1108-082-22 through 1108-082-30. The
Project site is shown in a regional and local context on Figure 1: Regional Location Map and Figure 2:
Local Vicinity Map. The Project site has a Fontana GP land use designation of WMXU-2 and a Zoning
designation of FBC Village District.
The approximately 28.4 acre Project site is currently vacant and previously disturbed and consists of
relatively flat land as elevation ranges from approximately 1,599 feet above mean sea level (AMSL) to
1,625 AMSL. The Project site borders a water tank constructed in 2018 to the northeast which provides
water services to the surrounding area. The Project site is accessible from Summit Avenue to the north
and Citrus Avenue to the east.
The Project site is located within an urbanized portion of the City and is generally bordered by the
following uses:
North: Summit Avenue; Residential land uses; Water tank;
East: Citrus Avenue; Sierra Lakes Elementary School; Residential land uses; Water tank;
Patricia Marrujo Park;
South: Residential land uses; and
West: Residential land uses.
2.2 Project Description
The proposed 595-unit multi-family residential development would be constructed on approximately
27.3 net acres (28.4 gross acres) of vacant and previously disturbed land in an urbanized area portion of
the City. The Project site currently features some organic matter which would be removed during site
grading. The Project consists of three sites shown in Figure 3: Conceptual Site Plan and described below:
Site 1A: The Project Site 1A is approximately 9.9 acres and would have 200 multi-family residential
dwelling units, a 6,200 square foot (sf) pool, approximately 22,855 sf of outdoor common space,
and an amenity building.
Site 1B: Site 1B of the Project is approximately 7.3 acres and would consist of 170 housing units,
an approximately 3,700 sf pool area, an amenity building, and approximately 17,000 sf of common
outdoor space.
Site 2: Site 2 of the Project would sit on approximately 10.9 acres and consist of 225 housing units
and approximately 24,500 sf of outdoor common space.
Environmental Impact Analysis Summary
Fontana General Plan Update 5 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
The proposed dwelling units would range from approximately 1,138 sf to 1,697 sf.
Vehicular access for the project site would be via one unsignalized right-in-right-out (RIRO) driveway at
Summit Avenue, one unsignalized right-out only exit on Citrus Avenue, and one unsignalized right-in-right-
out left-in driveway on Citrus Avenue.
As previously discussed, the Project site has a Fontana GP land use designation of WMXU-2. According to
Chapter 15: Land Use, Zoning, and Urban Design of the Fontana GP, the WMXU-2 designation is intended
to provide an alternative to conventional subdivision development with a mixture of housing types,
neighborhood-serving retail, open space and civic uses, and site design that provides for multi-modal
connectivity internal to the site and external to connect with adjacent areas. WMXU-2 residential
densities range from 12 to 24 du per acre, and non-residential uses can have up to an FAR of 1.0. Residents
can walk or bike to neighborhood destinations. Consistent with this designation, the Project would
provide a mixture of housing types, providing both rowhouse and court style townhomes at a density of
approximately 21.2 dwelling units per acre, with open space, amenities, and two pool areas available
across the Project site. Multi-modal connectivity would be provided via a private internal circulation
network with sidewalks, providing connectivity both internally to Project open space areas and amenities,
and to the adjacent external street network. Nearby greater neighborhood destinations include Summit
High School, Sierra Lakes Elementary School, the Fontana Aquatic Park, the Ralph M. Lewis Sports
Complex, and Falcon Ridge Town Center.
The Project site has a Zoning designation of FBC Village District. The City utilizes FBC zoning to develop
based on physical form of a project rather than land use designation. Under the Fontana GP, each FBC
district is designated allowable land uses consisting mainly of commercial, residential, and mixed-use land
uses. The Project is within the Village FBC district, which permits multi-family housing projects at a range
of 2.1 to 24 residential dwelling units per acre. As such the proposed multi-family residential development
would be permitted within the Village FBC district as the Project proposes approximately 21.2 residential
dwelling units per acre.
2.2.1 Access
Regional
Regional access to the Project site is provided via State Route (SR) 210 at Citrus Avenue and Interstate 15
(I-15) at Beech Avenue.
Local
Local access to the Project site is provided via Citrus Avenue which is a four-lane divided roadway, trending
in a north-south direction and Summit Avenue which is a four-lane divided roadway, trending in an east-
west direction.
Project Site
As noted above, vehicular access for the Project site would be via one unsignalized RIRO driveway at
Summit Avenue, one right-out only exit on Citrus Avenue, and one unsignalized right in and left in and
right-out restricted exit only driveway on Citrus Avenue. Additionally, the Project would include the
vacation of both Edward Avenue and Joe Avenue. Currently, neither Edward Avenue nor Joe Avenue
Environmental Impact Analysis Summary
Fontana General Plan Update 6 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
provide any access to and from the site, and neither street are improved. Neither Edward Avenue nor Joe
Avenue are identified in the City’s General Plan Circulation Element for future improvements.
2.2.2 Parking
The Project would provide an estimated 1,308 parking spaces, approximately 1,190 of which are garage
spaces and approximately 118 are standard outdoor parking spaces. The Project would be required to
provide 892.5 parking spaces at a ratio of 1.5 spaces per unit as determined by the Fontana Zoning and
Development Code which the Project would meet or exceed.
2.2.3 Landscaping and Lighting
Landscaping would be provided along the border of the Project site, within the outdoor common spaces
and along all Project internal pathways and roadways. The proposed landscaping would comply with the
Fontana Development Code Article X – General Landscaping Requirements by creating a Landscape Plan
and would comply with the Fontana Engineering Department standard specifications.2 Approximately
64,355 sf of common open space and approximately 74,000 sf of common courtyard space would be
provided throughout the Project site. Open space and courtyard space would primarily be provided along
Project site boundaries and within internal pathways to implement adequate landscaping consistent with
Fontan Development Code Article X: Section 30-667 – General Landscaping Requirements.
Outdoor lighting would comply with Fontana General Plan Section 30-403 which requires all public open
spaces to have lighting. Lighting would be used to provide adequate lighting for safety and security. The
Project would include outdoor lighting on buildings, within the pool and deck areas, and within outdoor
common spaces. Outdoor lighting would be directed downward and shielded to reduce spillage onto
adjacent properties. The Project assumes that outdoor night lighting would be provided seven days a
week.
2.2.4 Site Excavation and Grading Activities
The Project site is relatively flat, with the northern portion of the Project site at a slightly higher elevation
than the southern portion at approximately 1,630 feet to 1,600 feet above mean sea level (AMSL).
Because the Project site is relatively flat, it is anticipated to balance on-site and no need for soil import or
export is anticipated.
2.2.5 Site Drainage
The Project would include on-site storm drainage within newly constructed impermeable surfaces to
convey flows into the stormwater drainage facilities within Citrus Avenue and Pitzer Street. Stormwater
flows would eventually discharge into the Santa Ana River. In addition, the Project would be required to
install all on-site drainage/BMP improvements set forth in the Project’s approved Water Quality
Management Plan.
2 Municode. 2022. City of Fontana Zoning and Development Code Article X.
https://library.municode.com/ca/fontana/codes/zoning_and_development_code?nodeId=CH30ZODECO_ARTXGELARE_SS30-674--30-678RE
(accessed January 2025).
Environmental Impact Analysis Summary
Fontana General Plan Update 7 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
2.2.6 Infrastructure and Utilities
Implementation of the Project would use existing connections to water and sewer lines, gas lines, and
electrical lines. These utilities would connect to existing utility infrastructure, with the final sizing and
design of on-site facilities to occur during final building design and plan check. Water services to the Village
FBC district are provided by the Fontana Water Company. Sewer services are provided by the City of
Fontana. Southern California Edison (SCE) supplies electricity and SoCal Gas provides natural gas services
to the Project site.
Post-development drainage conditions would include storm drains and roof drains that direct on-site
runoff to appropriate outfalls. With the appropriate grading, runoff would be directed away from the
proposed multi-family residential buildings.
2.2.7 Project Design Features
The Project also includes the following Project Design Feature:
GEO-1 Based on subsurface soil conditions, mitigation of the loose soil top layer by over excavating and
recompacting the site is required. It is required that General fill and Pavement Subgrades are at least two
percentage points over optimum. It is required that the Project use PT mat foundations with a minimum
of 12 inches engineered fill.
TRA-1 The Project Applicant will install an all-way stop sign at the intersection of Pinehurst Lane and
Summit Avenue prior during project construction.
2.3 Construction Schedule
Construction activities are anticipated to occur within four phases as shown in Figure 4: Project
Construction Phasing. Prior to implementation of Phase I, backbone roadways would be installed
throughout the Project site. Buildout of Phase I would begin in 2025 with an expected opening date in late
2026. Phase II would be implemented by the second quarter of 2028. Implementation of Phase III and
Phase IV would occur shortly thereafter with an anticipated opening date yet to be determined.
2.4 Project Approvals
The City is the Lead Agency as set forth in CEQA Statute Section 21067 and is responsible for reviewing
and approving the Addendum to the Fontana GP FEIR. In addition to the Addendum, the City will consider
the following discretionary approvals for the Project:
A Tentative Parcel Map (TPM) No. 24-019 (20910) to consolidate the twenty-nine (29) parcels into
four residential parcels and one street parcel.
A Design Review Project (DRP) No. 24-030 permit for the proposed site and building
improvements for development of an 595 Unit Multifamily Development on four (4) parcels.
Environmental Impact Analysis Summary
Fontana General Plan Update 8 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Figure 1: Regional Location Map
Environmental Impact Analysis Summary
Fontana General Plan Update 9 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Figure 2: Project Vicinity Map
Environmental Impact Analysis Summary
Fontana General Plan Update 10 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Figure 3: Conceptual Site Plan
Environmental Impact Analysis Summary
Fontana General Plan Update 11 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Figure 4: Project Construction Phasing
Environmental Impact Analysis Summary
Fontana General Plan Update 12 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
3 FONTANA GENERAL PLAN UPDATE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS
SUMMARY
The environmental impact findings of the FEIR are summarized below.
No Impact: The FEIR determined that no impact would occur with respect to the following environmental
topic areas below. These impacts were included in the FEIR’s “Effects Found Not To Be Significant
(EFNTBS)” section (Section 7.5).
Agricultural and Forestry Resources (EFNTBS items 4.2-a through 4.2-c);
Mineral Resources (EFNTBS items 4.11-a and 4.11-b);
Less Than Significant Impact: The FEIR identified less than significant impacts in the following
environmental topic areas:
Aesthetics (Impacts 4.1-a, 4.1-b, and 4.1-d);
Biological Resources (Impact 4.4-a through 4.4-f);
Geology and Soils (Impacts 4.6-a through 4.6-e);
Hazards and Hazardous Materials (Impacts 4.8-c through 4.8-h);
Hydrology and Water Quality (Impacts 4.9-a through 4.9-d);
Land Use and Planning (Impacts 4.10-a and 4.10-b);
Population and Housing (Impacts 4.13-a and 4.13-b);
Public Services (Impacts 4.14-a);
Recreation (Impacts 4.15-a and 4.15-b);
Transportation (Impacts 4.16-c through 4.16-f);
Utilities and Service Systems (Impacts 4.17-a through 4.17-h);
Wildfire (Impacts 4.18-a through 4.18-d);
Less Than Significant Impact with Incorporation of Mitigation: The FEIR identified impacts that could be
mitigated to less than significant levels with incorporation of mitigation measures in the following
environmental topic areas:
Aesthetics (Impact 4.1-c);
Cultural Resources (Impacts 4.5-a through 4.5-e);
Hazards and Hazardous Materials (Impacts 4.8-a and 4.8-b);
Noise (Impacts 4.12-a through 4.12-c);
Transportation (Impacts 4.16-a and 4.16-b);
Significant and Unavoidable Impact: The FEIR identified no significant and unavoidable impacts with
implementation of the General Plan Update.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 13 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4 CITRUS AND SUMMIT MULTI-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL PROJECT
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS AND PROJECT APPROVALS
The scope of the City’s review of the Project is set forth in CEQA and the CEQA Guidelines. This review is
limited to evaluating the environmental effects associated with the Project when compared to the
Fontana General Plan as set forth in the FEIR. This Addendum also reviews new information, if any, of
substantial importance that was not known and could not have been known with the exercise of
reasonable due diligence at the time the FEIR was certified. This evaluation includes a determination as
to whether the changes proposed for the Project would result in any new significant impacts or more
severe significant impact.
Although CEQA Guidelines Section 15164 does not stipulate the format or content of an Addendum, the
topical areas identified in the City of Fontana Environmental Information Form3 were used as guidance
for this Addendum. In addition, Section 15164(e) of the CEQA Guidelines states that “A brief explanation
of the decision not to prepare a subsequent EIR pursuant to Section 15162 should be included in an
addendum to an EIR, the lead agency's findings on the Project, or elsewhere in the record. The explanation
must be supported by substantial evidence.” This comparative analysis provides the City with the factual
basis for determining whether any changes in the Project, any changes in circumstances, or any new
information since the FEIR was certified would require additional environmental review or preparation of
an SEIR.
Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15162, the City has determined, on the basis of substantial evidence
in the light of the whole record, that implementation of the Project does not propose substantial changes
from what was studied for the General Plan, no substantial changes in circumstances would occur which
would require major revisions to the FEIR, and no new information of substantial importance has been
revealed since the certification of FEIR that would result in either new significant effects or an increase in
the severity of previously analyzed significant effects.
A MMRP was adopted as a part of the FEIR that minimized impacts associated with implementation of the
General Plan. The relevant and previously adopted FEIR Mitigation Measures (MM or MMs) applicable to
the General Plan will be imposed as conditions of the Project, and the MMRP, as applicable to the Project,
is contained in Appendix J.
3 City of Fontana. ND. Environmental Information Form. https://www.fontana.org/DocumentCenter/View/2177/Environmental-Information-
Form-PDF (accessed March 2025).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 14 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.1 Aesthetics
4.1.1 Summary of Previous Environmental Analysis
In summary, the FEIR concluded that impacts regarding scenic vistas, scenic resources within a state scenic
highway, visual character, and glare impacts would be less than significant. Long term buildout of the
Fontana GP would primarily occur within already urbanized portions of the City, such as the Project area.
As such, impacts would be less than significant regarding buildout of the Fontana GP. See below for a
summarization by impact threshold.
Would the Project have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista?
The FEIR found that the northern portion of the City has direct line of sight of the San Gabriel Mountains
(considered a scenic resource) and a potentially significant impact could occur if viewsheds of the
mountains were obscured by development. It further stated that the northern part of the City is not
expected to experience substantial land use changes as this area is built out. With that, viewsheds in this
area will be largely unaffected by implementation of the General Plan Update (GPU), since few deviations
in land use patterns are proposed. The analysis concluded that with adherence to the following goals and
associated policies and actions, impacts would be less than significant on scenic vistas:
Goal 4: Traditional and master-planned neighborhoods of single-family houses continue to thrive
and attract family households.
Goal 2: Fontana development patterns support a high quality of life and economic prosperity. (GPU
EIR, pg. 5.1-6)
Would the Project substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to trees, rock
outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway?
The FEIR begins by stating that there are no officially designated scenic highways within or adjacent to the
project area. However, the GUP proposes goals and associated policies and actions that pertain to trees
and historic buildings. Goal 3: Fontana has a healthy, drought-resistant urban forest, supports tree
conservation and expansion of the City’s tree canopy and Goal 1: The integrity and character of historic
structures, cultural resources sites and overall historic character of the City of Fontana are maintained and
enhanced, supports historic preservation initiatives and designation of local historic landmarks. The FEIR
analysis concluded that compliance with identified goals and associated policies and actions, and
applicable state and local regulations, will result in a less than significant impact on scenic resources in
the project area. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.1-8).
Would the Project substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of the site and its
surroundings?
The FEIR states that the project area is an urbanized, largely built-out area that includes residential,
commercial, industrial, and open space uses. It also identifies that future development within the City
would largely consist of infill development and redevelopment of previously built sites to accommodate
new growth. The ultimate design of these new developments could have a potentially significant impact
on visual character or quality of the project area and its surroundings. The WMXU-2 land use is introduced
which would allow development to occur on vacant underutilized lots. New housing subdivisions under
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 15 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
WMXU-2 would provide for a mixture of housing densities and types (multi-family, townhouses, single-
family houses) with appropriate transitions between each. Visual character would be altered where infill
and new development construction occur; however, consistent with urban design standards, new
development would be visually appealing and compatible with existing development. While visual
character would change, such changes are more likely to be considered a beneficial aesthetic impact.
Therefore, the analysis found impacts to be less than significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.1-10).
Would the Project create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day or
nighttime views in the area?
The GPU would result in new light sources in areas that were previously vacant or underutilized, and in
additional sources of light in previously developed areas in which infill or redevelopment would occur.
These new sources of light and glare could have a potential impact on existing residential areas of the
City. However, the FEIR found that development under the GPU would represent a continuation of existing
lighting conditions that would be substantially similar to existing conditions. In addition, adherence to
existing City regulations regarding light and glare (Section 30.326 of the Fontana MC) would be required.
Overall, impacts were found to be less than significant. (GPU pg. 5.1-15).
Note, while the GPU EIR did not identify aesthetic impacts that require mitigation, MM-AES-1 was
included which includes best practices to be applied to future projects, as necessary, to reduce impacts
to less than significant levels.
Cumulative GPU Aesthetics Impacts
Future development under the GPU would be subject to the policies of the General Plan Update and
existing development standards. This includes policies and programs that support preserving
neighborhood character, promoting quality design, and minimizing lighting impacts. The proposed policies
and programs would ensure that cumulative aesthetic effects would not be cumulatively considerable
when considered with past, current, and future probable projects (GPU pg. 7-1).
4.1.2 Analysis of Proposed Project
Threshold (a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts to scenic vistas to be less than
significant. Refer to Section 4.1.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis. Additionally, no aspect of the
Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines section 15162 relating to this
issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 16 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project is located approximately 1.25 miles south of the San Gabriel Mountains, which are generally
regarded as a scenic resource; however, due to the scale of the mountains and location of the Project,
little impact is expected. The Project site does not contain any significant visual landform as there is little
vegetation and no rock outcroppings.
According to requirements within the Village Form Based Code (FBC) District, the maximum structure
height for multi-family residential development must not exceed three stories or 40 feet in height. The
Project would not exceed the height limits of the Village FBC District as the multi-family residential
structures would not exceed three stories or 40 feet in height.
Additionally, the Project’s proposed multi-family residential uses are established and planned within the
immediate vicinity of the Project site.4 Therefore, the change in views of the Project site from the
surrounding area and surrounding viewsheds would not be impacted from implementation of the Project,
as this was already analyzed in the FEIR. Implementation of the Project would not cause a significant
impact on a scenic vista.
Accordingly, no new impacts relative to adverse effects on a scenic vista or a substantial increase in the
severity of a previously identified significant impact evaluated in the FEIR would occur. Additionally, no
new information of substantial importance that was not known and could not have been known at the
time the FEIR was certified is available that would impact the prior finding of no significant impact.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe impact on a scenic vista(s). As such, it is determined
that construction and operation activities associated with the Project would have a less than significant
impact on scenic vistas.
The Project would be designed consistent with the guidelines and standards within the Village FBC District.
Therefore, no new and/or modified mitigation measures are required for issues related to aesthetics and
scenic vistas.
Threshold (b) Substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to, trees, rock
outcroppings, and historic buildings within a State scenic highway?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GP EIR found impacts to scenic resources within a state
scenic highway to be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.1.1 for a summary of the GP EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue.
4 City of Fontana. 2024. General Plan Land Use Map. https://www.fontanaca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/44297/General-Plan-Map-FINAL-11-
1-2024?bidId= (accessed April 2025).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 17 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project area does not contain significant visual landform features such as rock outcroppings, trees, or
mountains. The Project site consists of vacant and previously disturbed land and does not require the
demolition of any structures.
The nearest eligible scenic highway to the Project site is State Route 138 (SR 138), which is located
approximately 10 miles northeast of the Project site. 5 Due to topography, SR 138 is not visible from the
Project site. The nearest designated scenic highway is SR 2, located approximately 18.6 miles northwest
of the Project site. Due to topography and distance, SR 2 is not visible from the Project site. As such, the
Project would not damage scenic resources along a State-designated scenic highway.
The Project site is generally flat and bordered by existing development including Citrus Avenue, Summit
Avenue, multi-family residential uses, single-family residential uses, utility land uses, Sierra Lakes
Elementary School, and Patricia Marrujo Park. The proposed development would be visible from existing
development adjacent to and near the Project site. No new impacts relative to adverse aesthetic impacts
or a substantial increase in the severity of a previously identified significant impact evaluated in the FEIR
would occur. Consistent with the FEIR, the Project would comply with Chapter 28 Article III of the City’s
Municipal Code (FMC) which establishes regulations for the protection and preservation of heritage trees,
significant trees, and specimen trees on public and private property. More specifically, FMC Section 28-
64, Permit Required for Removal of Heritage, Significant and Specimen Trees, specifies no person shall
remove or cause the removal of any heritage, significant, or specimen tree unless a Tree Removal Permit
is first obtained. There are currently no trees on the Project site. As such, impacts in this regard are
considered less than significant, following compliance with the provisions of the FMC.
Additionally, no substantial changes requiring revisions of the FEIR have been determined; new significant
environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects
have not been identified; and no new information of substantial importance that was not known and
could not have been known at the time the FEIR was certified is available that would impact the prior
finding of no significant impact.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
5 California Department of Transportation (CalTrans). Scenic Highways. 2024. https://dot.ca.gov/programs/design/lap-landscape-architecture-
and-community-livability/lap-liv-i-scenic-highways. (Accessed September 2024).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 18 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact on a scenic resource(s). Removal of
the on-site trees would be subject to the applicable tree removal requirements set forth in FMC section
28-64. Furthermore, the Project would be designed consistent with the guidelines and standards within
the Fontana GP EIR. Therefore, no new and/or modified mitigation measures, outside of the General Plan
goals and policies and FMC regulations, are required for issues related to aesthetics.
Threshold (c) Substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of public views of the site
and its surroundings?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GP EIR found impacts to existing visual character/quality
to be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.1.1 for a summary of the GP EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The three-story multi-family residential sites would be constructed on a vacant site surrounded by existing
residential development and would provide additional residential housing units once completed. The
Project would include the use of building materials and colors that are compatible with surrounding land
uses. Landscaping would be provided bordering the Project site. As such, Project implementation would
not significantly alter the existing visual character of the Project site. During Project construction, Fontana
General Plan EIR mitigation measure MM AES-1 would be applied to minimize construction impact on the
surrounding residential area. The Fontana GP EIR also determined that compliance with the Fontana GP
development regulations and guidelines would reduce potential impacts associated with aesthetic
character of the Fontana GP area.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
MM AES-1 For future development associated with the project located in or adjacent to residentially
zoned property, the following General Condition of Approval shall be imposed:
Construction documents shall include language that requires all construction
contractors to strictly control the staging of construction equipment and the
cleanliness of construction equipment stored or driven beyond the limits of the
construction work area. Construction equipment shall be parked and staged within
the project site to the extent practical. Staging areas shall be screened from view from
residential properties with solid wood fencing or green fence. Construction worker
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 19 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
parking may be located off-site with approval of the City; however, on-street parking
of construction worker vehicles on residential streets shall be prohibited. Vehicles
shall be kept clean and free of mud and dust before leaving the project site.
Surrounding streets shall be swept daily and maintained free of dirt and debris.
Conclusion
The Project would be designed consistent with the guidelines and standards within the Fontana GP FEIR
Village FBC District and therefore, would have a less than significant impact on the visual character or
quality of the public views of the site and its surroundings.
Threshold (d) Create a new source of substantial light or glare, which would adversely affect day or
nighttime views in the area?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GP EIR found impacts regarding light and glare to be less
than significant. Refer to Section 4.1.1 for a summary of the GP EIR analysis. Substantial changes are not
proposed in the Project which would require major revisions of the previous EIR, increased severity of
environmental impacts identified in the FEIR would not occur, and no new information of substantial
importance that could have been known at the time of the Fontana GP FEIR adoption has become
available.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
According to the land use and development regulations provided in the Fontana GP, all future
development would be required to comply with the lighting requirements of the Fontana Municipal Code
(MC) (Chapter 30 Article 5), to reduce the potential for light and/or glare effects to occur.6
Light-sensitive uses identified within the Fontana GP area include residents of multi-family apartments
north of Summit Ave and residents of single-family homes adjacent to the south and west boundaries of
the Project site. Sensitive receptors in these areas would potentially be subject to lighting impacts
resulting from new sources of decorative lighting, parking lot lighting, or outdoor security lighting
associated with new development. New sources of light associated with the Project would include
outdoor lighting, which would be angled downward to prevent light spillage onto adjacent land uses. The
6 Municode. 2024. Fontana Municipal Code.
https://library.municode.com/ca/fontana/codes/zoning_and_development_code?nodeId=CH30ZODECO_ARTVREZODI_DIV6PEST_S30-
471LIGL (accessed January 2025).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 20 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Project’s lighting specifications would be reviewed by the City during the building permit review process.
The building permit review would ensure that the proposed lighting meets City building code
requirements regarding types of outdoor illumination and light fixture shielding to prevent building
spillover. The Fontana GP EIR has determined that upon completion of construction, lighting associated
with the proposed development would be similar to existing conditions due to the urbanized character of
the Project area.
Consistent with the FEIR, no mitigation measures are required, and impacts would be less than significant.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impacts from light or glare. No significant
impacts associated with light and glare are identified in the FEIR. The Project would be designed consistent
with the applicable guidelines and standards within the FMC and Fontana GP EIR. Therefore, no new
and/or modified mitigation measures are required for issues related to light and glare.
Cumulative Aesthetics Impacts
When evaluating cumulative aesthetic impacts, several factors must be considered. The context in which
the Project is being viewed would also influence the potential significance of a cumulative aesthetic
impact. Although the Project would result in a change in visual contrast with the surrounding uses, the
Project is consistent with the land use designation and zoning classification of the site, as well as the
assumptions of the General Plan Update.
As noted in Section 2.0, Project Description, Project site is currently vacant and previously disturbed and
consists of relatively flat land. The Project site is surrounded by residential land uses, and was envisioned
in the General Plan Update to accommodate future residential uses. The Project, in conjunction with
other past, present, and reasonably foreseeable projects would not substantially affect the scenic vista,
damage scenic resources, degrade the visual character of the site/surroundings, nor create significant
light and glare. The City is becoming more urbanized and the contrast of the potential development, in
comparison to the surrounding environment would be minimal.
In order for a cumulative aesthetic impact to occur, the cumulative nature of the Project site taken with
other projects’ impacts, as seen together or in proximity to each other must be cumulatively considerable.
In the case of the Project, the potential aesthetic impacts related to views, aesthetics, and light and glare
are less than significant. Mitigation measures beyond the required AES-1 noted above from the General
Plan EIR, are not required. As discussed above, Project-related impacts would be less than significant or
result in no impact.
Overall Aesthetics Impacts Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 21 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to aesthetics. Therefore, the
preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 22 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.2 Agricultural and Forestry Resources
4.2.1 Summary of Previous Environmental Analysis
Impacts related to Agriculture and Forestry Resources were found not to be potentially significant and
were therefore not further analyzed in the GPU EIR. The EIR identified that implementation of the Fontana
GPU would not convert prime, unique, or statewide important farmland to nonagricultural use, conflict
with zoning for agricultural use or with a Williamson Act contract or result in a change to the existing
environment which would result in the conversion of farmland to nonagricultural use. Nor would the FEIR
result in the loss or conversion of forest land to non-forest use. The EIR discussion indicated that the OS-
R zoning district includes agricultural land, which accounts for approximately 332 acres (less than 2
percent) of the project area. The GPU does not propose any changes to this land use or the associated
zoning code. Additionally, no portion of the City is designated or zoned (or proposed to be designated or
zoned) as forest land or timberland. Based on the above, no impact to agriculture and forestry resources
would result from GPU implementation. (GPU EIR, pg. 7-10).
Cumulative GPU Agricultural and Forestry Impacts
As noted above, no agricultural and/or forestry-related impacts would occur with implementation of the
General Plan Update. As such, no cumulative agricultural and/or forestry-related impacts would occur
with implementation of the General Plan Update. Additionally, no portion of the City is designated or
zoned (or proposed to be designated or zoned) as forest land or timberland (GPU EIR, pg. 7-2).
4.2.2 Analysis of Proposed Project
Threshold (a) Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance
(Farmland), as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and
Monitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to non-agricultural use;
Threshold (b) Conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson Act contract; and
Threshold (c) Conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land (as defined in Public
Resources Code section 12220(g)), timberland (as defined by Public Resources Code
section 4526), or timberland zoned Timberland Production (as defined by Government
Code section 51104(g))?
Threshold (d) Result in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to non-forest use?
Threshold (e) Involve other changes in the existing environment which, due to their location or
nature, could result in conversion of Farmland, to non-agricultural use or conversion of
forest land to non-forest use?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GP EIR found impacts to agriculture and forestry
resources to be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.2.1 for a summary of the GP EIR analysis.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 23 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
According to the Fontana GP, there are no proposed changes to agricultural land uses within the Fontana
GP planning area. The Project site is currently zoned as FBC Village District and would not require the
conversion of current or planned land uses. Additionally, the Project site area is designated as Other Land
by the California Department of Conservation and is not actively used for agricultural purposes.7 The
Project site is also not under Williamson Act contract and no lands surrounding the Project site are under
Williamson Act Contract.8 Thus, no impacts would occur related to Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland,
Farmland of Statewide Importance or Williamson Act Contract.
The Fontana GP planning area, including the Project site, does not contain timberland or forest land. As
such, the Project would have no impact forest land and no mitigation is necessary.
Due to the lack of natural resources, including farmland, the Project would not convert farmland to non-
agricultural land. As such, no impacts related to the loss of farmland would occur. Consistent with the
FEIR’s findings, no significant impacts to agricultural resources would occur from Project implementation.
No mitigation measures are necessary.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Cumulative Agricultural and Forestry Impacts
As noted above, no agricultural and/or forestry related impacts would occur with implementation of the
General Plan Update. As such, no cumulative agricultural and/or forestry related impacts would occur
with implementation of the General Plan Update. Additionally, no portion of Project site is designated or
zoned (or proposed to be designated or zoned) as forest land or timberland. As such, no cumulative
impacts would occur.
7 Department of Conservation. 2022. California Important Farmland: 1984-2022. https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/dlrp/ciftimeseries/
(accessed January 2025).
8 Department of Conservation. 2023. California Williamson Act Enrollment Finder.
https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/dlrp/WilliamsonAct/App/index.html (accessed March 2025).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 24 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Overall Agricultural and Forestry Resources Impacts Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to agriculture and forestry
resources. Therefore, the preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 25 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.3 Air Quality
4.3.1 Summary of Previous Environmental Analysis
The Fontana GP EIR concluded that development facilitated by the Fontana GP would comply with the
requirements of the City’s Municipal Code, South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD)
regulations, and implement Fontana GP MMs AQ-1 through MM AQ-6, MM AQ-8 through MM AQ-14,
and MM AQ-20 through MM AQ-23 as well as consistency with the Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP)
resulting in less than significant impacts. The Project’s technical studies evaluate construction and
operational impacts associated with the Project relative to impacts identified in the FEIR. Refer to
Appendix A1 for the Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Consistency Analysis and Appendix A2
Health Risk Assessment.
Would the Project conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan?
The FEIR states that the GPU would result in a 12% population increase over projected population growth
estimates considered in SCAG’s RTP/SCS, upon which the AQMP’s long-term air quality emissions
inventory is based. However, the land use changes and policies proposed as part of the GPU would result
in an approximately 9% reduction of total VMT when compared to the existing General Plan. The
emissions inventory in the 2016 AQMP demonstrates that mobile source vehicle emissions represent
approximately 56% of all emissions in the SCAB. As a result, the 9% reduction of daily total VMT under
buildout of the GPU would result in a substantial reduction of mobile source vehicle emissions which are
the single largest contributor of criteria pollutants in the SCAB.
Thus, a reduction in emissions from GPU implementation would be achieved despite the projected
population growth. Because the GPU would result in considerably fewer emissions than those considered
for the City of Fontana population in the SCAQMD’s AQMP, implementation of the GPU would not conflict
with the AQMP and impacts would be less than significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.1-19).
Would the Project violate any air quality standard or contribute substantially to an existing or projected
air quality violation?
The FEIR found that air quality impacts may occur during construction of proposed land uses identified in
the GPU however the increase would be negligible when compared to the current General Plan. Pursuant
to existing CEQA requirements, short-term, project-specific construction-related emissions will be
analyzed as development proposals are submitted and mitigation would be applied, where necessary,
refer to MM AQ-8 through MM AQ-14.
Long-term operational emissions would result from vehicles, point sources, and area sources associated
with development under the GPU. To evaluate potential long-term increases in air emissions as a result
of the GPU emissions were estimated using the California Emissions Estimator Model. The FEIR
determined that the GPU would result in a substantial reduction emissions associated with the reduction
of VMT achieved by the proposed goals and policies of the GPU. Impacts associated with the operations
of new development resulting from implementation of the General Plan Update will be identified on a
project-by-project basis, at which time mitigation would be adopted, if necessary, refer to MM AQ-1
through MM AQ-6 and MM AQ-20 through MM AQ-23.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 26 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Construction and operational emissions would be less than significant with the incorporation of the
mitigation measures identified above. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.2-21).
Would the Project result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant that the
region is in nonattainment under an applicable federal or State ambient air quality standard?
In accordance with the SCAQMD methodology, emissions that exceed the regional significance thresholds
would cumulatively contribute to the nonattainment designations of the Basin. Currently the Basin is in
nonattainment status for O3, PM10, and PM2.5. Analysis in the FEIR determined that the GPU would result
in a significant reduction of air pollutant emissions associated with the reduction of VMT achieved by the
proposed goals and policies of the GPU.
The following policies in the GPU would support attainment of air quality goals for future developments:
Land use, Zoning, and Urban Design
Goal 1: Use the Strategic Policy Map and the Future Land Use Map to guide land use decision
making.
Goal 2: Fontana development patterns support a high quality of life and economic prosperity.
Goal 5: Fontana’s industrial uses are concentrated in a few locations that have easy access to
regional transportation routes.
Community Mobility and Circulation
Goal 3: Local transit within the City of Fontana is a viable choice for residents, easily accessible
and serving destinations throughout the city.
Goal 4: Fontana’s neighborhood streets maintain a residential character and support a range
of transportation options.
Goal 7: The city of Fontana participates in shaping regional transportation policies to reduce
traffic congestion and greenhouse gas emissions.
Green Infrastructure Practices and Benefits
Goal 6: Fontana has a stormwater drainage system that is environmentally and economically
sustainable and compatible with regional one water one watershed standards.
Potential impacts would be less than significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.2-25).
Would the Project expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations?
Criteria Pollutants
Future development associated with the GPU would be required to prepare an air quality impact analysis
for individual development projects where possible emissions could impact sensitive receptors. SCAQMD
guidance indicates that analysis of localized criteria pollutant would be assessed for localized criteria
pollutant impacts on a case-by-case basis under the purview of the City.
CO Hotspots
GPU policies would result in substantial reductions in VMT and associated criteria air pollutant emissions.
As a result, the GPU would not be expected to create a CO hotspot or contribute to a substantial increase
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 27 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
in existing CO concentrations at intersections with poor Levels of Service. Future development projects
associated with the GPU will be screened and analyzed pursuant to the CO Protocol to determine if a CO
hotspot may occur at congested intersections. Mitigation may be required, if necessary, to alleviate traffic
congestion and minimize the hotspot potential.
Toxic Air Contaminants
The FEIR states that the GPU could result in the addition of 377 acres of new industrial land use compared
to the current General Plan. However, as identified in the Land Use, Zoning, and Urban Design Element of
the General Plan Update, the heaviest industrial land uses, which most commonly contribute to toxic air
contaminants, are concentrated in the southwest corner of the City in areas designated for industrial
development and away from sensitive receptors. The City also has policies in place restricting the location
of residences near heavy industrial areas. The General Plan Update would therefore not expose sensitive
receptors to substantial toxic air contaminants. Impacts would be less than significant. (GPU EIR,
pg. 5.2-28).
Would the Project create objectionable odors affecting a substantial number of people?
With the implementation of the GPU, any future potential sources of odors would have to be considered
in light of potential impacts to surrounding land uses. Pursuant to existing environmental regulations,
projects would be evaluated on a case-by-case basis with regard to potential impacts related to odors.
While siting is the primary way to prevent exposure to odors, odors can also be mitigated in similar fashion
to air pollutant emissions (i.e., filtering). Therefore, impacts related to odors would be less than significant
with implementation of existing development review practices. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.2-30).
Cumulative GPU Air Quality Impacts
The context for assessing cumulative air quality impacts is the South Coast Air Basin in terms of national
and State criteria pollutant standards. The immediate vicinity of the City is the context for localized levels
of criteria pollutants and toxic emissions. The General Plan Update would not conflict with the regional
AQMP prepared by SCAQMD. In addition, policies in the General Plan Update have been included to
ensure that individual projects would be consistent with the AQMP, emission thresholds, and SCAQMD
rules. Proposed mixed-use/residential incentive higher-density development policies would implement
an important regional strategy to encourage more compact urban/infill development in areas with good
access to transit, which helps reduce total vehicle trips and average trip distances. This would help reduce
vehicle emissions. The City would continue to evaluate short-term, construction-related impacts and long-
term impacts for discretionary land use projects so that best available control measures can be applied,
where warranted, to minimize the effects of individual development projects. Thresholds recommended
by the SCAQMD would continue to be the preferred criteria for determining the level of impact
significance at the project level of review. The General Plan Update would not authorize any particular
project or any exemptions from or conflicts with the AQMP and would not result in any direct air quality
impacts. Impacts at the program level would not be significant. Therefore, long-term cumulative air
quality impacts to the region would not be cumulatively considerable (GPU EIR, pg. 7-2).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 28 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.3.2 Analysis of Proposed Project
Threshold (a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan?
Threshold (b) Violate any air quality standard or contribute substantially to an existing or projected
air quality violation?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts regarding air quality plan
implementation to be less than significant, and impacts regarding air quality violation to be less than
significant with mitigation incorporated. Refer to Section 4.3.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Fontana GP EIR determined the General Plan Update’s projected population growth would result in
considerably fewer emissions than those considered for the City of Fontana population in the SCAQMD
AQMP. Therefore, the Fontana GP EIR concluded implementation of the General Plan Update would be
consistent with the AQMP and impacts would be less than significant.
As part of its enforcement responsibilities, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA)
requires each state with nonattainment areas to prepare and submit a State Implementation Plan (SIP)
that demonstrates the means to attain the federal standards. The SIP must integrate federal, state, and
local plan components and regulations to identify specific measures to reduce pollution in nonattainment
areas, using a combination of performance standards and market-based programs. Similarly, under State
law, the California Clean Air Act (CCAA) requires an air quality attainment plan to be prepared for areas
designated as nonattainment regarding the state and federal ambient air quality standards. Air quality
attainment plans outline emissions limits and control measures to achieve and maintain these standards
by the earliest practical date.
The Project site is located within the Southern California Air Basin (SCAB), which is under the jurisdiction
of the SCAQMD. The SCAQMD is required, pursuant to the Federal Clean Air Act (FCAA), to reduce
emissions of criteria pollutants for which the SCAB is in nonattainment. To reduce such emissions, the
SCAQMD drafted the 2016 and 2022 AQMPs. The AQMPs establish a program of rules and regulations
directed at reducing air pollutant emissions and achieving State (California) and national air quality
standards. The AQMPs are a regional and multi-agency effort including the SCAQMD, the CARB, the
Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG), and the U.S. EPA. The pollutant control strategies
in the AQMPs are based on the latest scientific and technical information and planning assumptions,
including SCAG’s 2020 Connect SoCal, updated emission inventory methodologies for various source
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 29 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
categories, and SCAG’s latest growth forecasts. SCAG’s latest growth forecasts were defined in
consultation with local governments and with reference to local general plans. The Project is subject to
the SCAQMD’s AQMPs.
Criteria for determining consistency with the AQMP are defined by the following indicators:
Consistency Criterion No. 1: The project will not result in an increase in the frequency or severity
of existing air quality violations, or cause or contribute to new violations, or delay the timely
attainment of air quality standards or the interim emissions reductions specified in the AQMP.
Consistency Criterion No. 2: The project will not exceed the assumptions in the AQMP or
increments based on the years of the project build-out phase.
According to the SCAQMD’s CEQA Air Quality Handbook, the purpose of the consistency finding is to
determine if a project is inconsistent with the assumptions and objectives of the regional air quality plans,
and thus if it would interfere with the region’s ability to comply with California Ambient Air Quality
Standards (CAAQS) and National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).
The violations to which Consistency Criterion No. 1 refers are CAAQS and NAAQS. As shown in Table 1:
Project Construction Emissions and Table 2: Project Operational Emissions, the Project would not exceed
construction or operational emission standards. Therefore, the Project would not contribute to an existing
air quality violation. Thus, the Project would be consistent with the first criterion.
Table 1: Project Construction Emissions
Year Emissions (Maximum Pounds Per Day)1,2
VOC NOX CO SOX PM10 PM2.5
2025 3.78 31.72 58.54 0.06 9.26 5.25
2026 71.81 16.19 55.11 0.05 8.69 2.38
Maximum 71.81 31.72 58.54 0.06 9.26 5.25
SCAQMD Thresholds 75 100 550 150 150 55
Exceedance? No No No No No No
VOC = Volatile Organic Compounds; NOX = Nitrogen Oxides; CO = Carbon Monoxide; SOX = Sulfur Oxides; PM10 = Particulate Matter 10
microns in diameter or less; PM2.5 = Particulate Matter 2.5 microns in diameter or less
1. The highest values between summer and winter results were used as a worst-case scenario.
2. SCAQMD Rule 403 Fugitive Dust applied. The Rule 403 reduction/credits include the following: properly maintain mobile and other
construction equipment; water exposed surfaces three times daily; and limit speeds on unpaved roads to 15 miles per hour. Reductions
percentages from the SCAQMD CEQA Handbook (Tables XI-A through XI-E) were applied.
Source: Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Consistency Analysis. 2025. (Appendix A1).
Table 2: Project Operational Emissions
Source Emissions (Maximum Pounds Per Day)1
VOC NOX CO SOX PM10 PM2.5
Area 19.13 8.83 50.44 0.06 0.72 0.71
Energy 0.10 1.73 0.76 0.01 0.14 0.14
Mobile2 15.99 14.38 126.31 0.30 26.59 6.89
Total 35.22 24.94 177.51 0.37 27.45 7.74
SCAQMD Thresholds 55 55 550 150 150 55
Exceedance? No No No No No No
VOC = Volatile Organic Compounds; NOX = Nitrogen Oxides; CO = Carbon Monoxide; SOX = Sulfur Oxides; PM10 = Particulate Matter 10 microns
in diameter or less; PM2.5 = Particulate Matter 2.5 microns in diameter or less
1. The highest values between summer and winter results were used as a worst-case scenario.
2. Mobile emissions include incorporation of CalEEMod Measure T-1, Increase Residential Density, to account for the project’s 21.2 dwelling
units per acre.
Source: Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Consistency Analysis. 2025. (Appendix A1).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 30 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Concerning Consistency Criterion No. 2, the AQMP contains air pollutant reduction strategies based on
SCAG’s latest growth forecasts, and SCAG’s growth forecasts were defined in consultation with local
governments and with reference to local general plans. The Project site has a Fontana GP land use
designation of WMXU-2 and a Zoning designation of FBC Village District. The Project would be consistent
with the General Plan land use designation and zoning. Therefore, the Project would not cause
exceedances in the population growth projection assumed by the SCAQMD to develop the AQMPs. Thus,
the Project is consistent with the second criterion.
Based on these criteria, with implementation of MM AQ-1 through MM AQ-6, MM AQ-8 through
MM AQ-14, and MM AQ-20 through MM AQ-23, the Project would not conflict with or obstruct
implementation of the AQMP and impacts would be less than significant with the incorporation of
mitigation.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
MM AQ-1 In order to reduce future project-related air pollutant emissions and promote
sustainability through conservation of energy and other natural resources, building and
site plan designs shall ensure the project energy efficiencies surpass (exceed) applicable
(2016) California Title 24 Energy Efficiency Standards by a minimum of 5%. Verification of
increased energy efficiencies shall be documented in Title 24 Compliance Reports
provided by the applicant/developer and reviewed and approved by the City of Fontana
prior to the issuance of the first building permit.
MM AQ-2 To reduce energy demand associated with potable water conveyance, future projects
shall implement the following, as applicable:
Landscaping palette emphasizing drought tolerant plants
Use of water-efficient irrigation techniques U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) Certified WaterSense equivalent faucets, high-efficiency toilets, and water-
conserving shower heads.
MM AQ-3 Future projects shall comply with applicable provisions of state law, including the
California Green Standards Code (Part 11 of Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations).
MM AQ-4 The applicant/developer shall encourage its tenants to use alternative-fueled vehicles
such as compressed natural gas vehicles, electric vehicles, or other alternative fuels by
providing publicly available information from the Southern California Air Quality
Management District (SCAQMD), California Air Resources Board (CARB), and U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on alternative fuel technologies.
MM AQ-5 To promote alternative fuels and help support "clean" truck fleets, the
developer/successor-in-interest shall provide building occupants and businesses with
information related to the Southern California Air Quality Management District's
(SCAQMD) Carl Moyer Program or other state programs that restrict operations to "clean"
trucks, such as 2007 or newer model year or 2010 compliant heavy-duty vehicles, and
information about the health effects of diesel particulates, the benefits of reduced idling
time, California Air Resources Board regulations, and the importance of not parking in
residential areas. If trucks older than 2007 model year would be used at the project site,
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 31 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
the developer/successor-in-interest shall encourage tenants, through contract
specifications, to apply in good-faith for funding for diesel truck replacement/retrofit
through grant programs such as the Carl Moyer, Prop 18, VIP [On-Road Heavy Duty
Voucher Incentive Program], HVIP [Hybrid and Zero-Emission Truck and Bus Voucher
Incentive Project], and SOON [Surplus Off-Road Opt-In for NOx] funding programs, as
identified on SCAQMD's website (http://www.aqmd.gov). Tenants would be required to
use those funds, if awarded.
MM AQ-6 The applicant/developer shall encourage its tenants to use water-based or low volatile
organic compound (VOC) cleaning products by providing publicly available information
from the Southern California Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD), California Air
Resources Board (CARB}, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on such
cleaning products.
MM AQ-8 In the event that any off-site utility and/or infrastructure improvements are required as
a direct result of future projects, construction of such off-site utility and infrastructure
improvements shall not occur concurrently with the demolition, site preparation, and
grading phases of project construction. This requirement shall be clearly noted on all
applicable grading and/or building plans.
MM AQ-9 All construction equipment shall be maintained in good operation condition so as to
reduce emissions. The construction contractor shall ensure that all construction
equipment is being properly serviced and maintained as per the manufacturer’s
specification. Maintenance records shall be available at the construction site for City of
Fontana verification. The following additional measures, as determined applicable by the
City Engineer, shall be included as conditions of the Grading Permit issuance:
Provide temporary traffic controls such as a flag person, during all phases of
construction to maintain smooth traffic flow.
Provide dedicated turn lanes for movement of construction trucks and equipment on-
and off-site.
Reroute construction trucks away from congested streets or sensitive receptor areas.
Appoint a construction relations officer to act as a community liaison concerning on-
site construction activity including resolution of issues related to PM10 generation.
Improve traffic flow by signal synchronization and ensure that all vehicles and
equipment will be properly tuned and maintained according to manufacturers’
specifications.
Require the use of 2010 and newer diesel haul trucks (e.g., material delivery trucks
and soil import/export). If the lead agency determines that 2010 model year or newer
diesel trucks cannot be obtained the lead agency shall use trucks that meet EPA 2007
model year NOx and PM emissions requirements.
During project construction, all internal combustion engines/construction equipment
operating on the project site shall meet EPA-Certified Tier 3 emissions standards, or
higher according to the following:
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 32 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
o January I, 2012, to December 31, 2014: All off-road diesel-powered construction
equipment greater than 50 hp shall meet Tier 3 off-road emissions standards. In
addition, all construction equipment shall be outfitted with BACT devices certified
by CARB. Any emissions control device used by the contractor shall achieve
emissions reductions that are no less than what could be achieved by a Level 3
diesel emissions control strategy for a similarly sized engine as defined by CARB
regulations.
o Post-January 1, 2015: All off-road diesel-powered construction equipment
greater than 50 hp shall meet the Tier 4 emission standards, where available. In
addition, all construction equipment shall be outfitted with BACT devices certified
by CARB. Any emissions control device used by the contractor shall achieve
emissions reductions that are no less than what could be achieved by a Level 3
diesel emissions control strategy for similarly sized engine as defined by CARB
regulations.
o A copy of each unit’s certified tier specification, BACT documentation, and CARB
or SCAQMD operating permit shall be provided at the time of mobilization of each
applicable unit of equipment.
MM AQ-10 Prior to the issuance of any grading permits, all Applicants shall submit construction plans
to the City of Fontana denoting the proposed schedule and projected equipment use.
Construction contractors shall provide evidence that low emission mobile construction
equipment will be utilized, or that their use was investigated and found to be infeasible
for the project. Contractors shall also conform to any construction measures imposed by
the SCAQMD as well as City Planning Staff.
MM AQ-11 All paints and coatings shall meet or exceed performance standards noted in SCAQMD
Rule 1113. Specifically, the following measures shall be implemented, as feasible:
Use coatings and solvents with a VOC content lower than that required under AQMD
Rule 1113.
Construct or build with materials that do not require painting.
Require the-use of pre-painted construction materials.
MM AQ-12 Projects that result in the construction of more than 19 single-family residential units, 40
multifamily residential units, or 45,000 square feet of retail/commercial/industrial space
shall be required to apply paints either by hand or high volume, low pressure (HVLP) spay.
These measures may reduce volatile organic compounds (VOC) associated with the
application of paints and coatings by an estimated 60 to 75 percent. Alternatively, the
contractor may specify the use of low volatility paints and coatings. Several of currently
available primers have VOC contents of less than 0.85 pounds per gallon (e.g., Dulux
professional exterior primer 100 percent acrylic). Top coats can be less than 0.07 pounds
per gallon (8 grams per liter) (e.g., Lifemaster 2000-series). This latter measure would
reduce these VOC emissions by more than 70 percent. Larger projects should incorporate
both the use of HVLP or hand application and the requirement for low volatility coatings.
MM AQ-13 All asphalt shall meet or exceed performance standards noted in SCAQMD Rule 1108.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 33 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
MM AQ-14 Prior to the issuance of grading permits or approval of grading plans for future
development projects within the project area, future developments shall include a dust
control plan as part of the construction contract standard specifications. The dust control
plan shall include measures to meet the requirements of SCAQMD Rules 402 and 403.
Such measures may include, but are not limited to, the following:
Phase and schedule activities to avoid high-ozone days and first-stage smog alerts.
Discontinue operation during second-stage smog alerts.
All haul trucks shall be covered prior to leaving the site to prevent dust from impacting
the surrounding areas.
Comply with AQMD Rule 403, particularly to minimize fugitive dust and noise to
surrounding areas.
Moisten soil each day prior to commencing grading to depth of soil cut.
Water exposed surfaces at least twice a day under calm conditions, and as often as
needed on windy days or during very dry weather in order to maintain a surface crust
and minimize the release of visible emissions from the construction site.
Treat any area that will be exposed for extended periods with a soil conditioner to
stabilize soil or temporarily plant with vegetation.
Wash mud-covered tires and under carriages of trucks leaving construction sites.
Provide for street sweeping, as needed, on adjacent roadways to remove dirt
dropped by construction vehicles or mud, which would otherwise be carried off by
trucks departing project sites.
Securely cover all loads of fill coming to the site with a tight-fitting tarp.
Cease grading during periods when winds exceed 25 miles per hour.
Provide for permanent sealing of all graded areas, as applicable, at the earliest
practicable time after soil disturbance.
Use low-sulfur diesel fuel in all equipment.
Use electric equipment whenever practicable.
Shut off engines when not in use.
MM AQ-20 All residential and commercial structures shall be required to incorporate high
efficiency/low polluting heating, air conditioning, appliances, and water heaters.
MM AQ-21 All residential and commercial structures shall be required to incorporate thermal pane
windows and weather-stripping.
MM AQ-22 All residential, commercial, and industrial structures shall be required to incorporate light
colored roofing materials.
MM AQ-23 Prior to approval of future development projects within the project area, the City of
Fontana shall conduct project-level environmental review to determine potential vehicle
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 34 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
emission impacts associated with the project(s). Mitigation measures shall be developed
for each project as it is considered to mitigate potentially significant impacts to the extent
feasible. Potential mitigation measures may require that facilities with over 250
employees (full or part-time employees at a worksite for a consecutive six-month period
calculated as a monthly average), as required by the Air Quality Management Plan,
implement Transportation Demand Management (TDM) programs.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact pertaining to conflict with or
obstructing implementation of the AQMP. Implementation of Fontana GP EIR MM AQ-1 through
MM AQ-6, MM AQ-8 through MM AQ-14, and MM AQ-20 through MM AQ-23, would reduce
construction and operational emissions to a level of less than significant. The Project’s impacts would be
consistent with development in the area and would be in compliance with applicable AQMP measures.
Therefore, no new or more severe significant impact relative to air quality emissions from the previously
identified significant impact evaluated in the FEIR would occur with implementation of the Project. The
Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact or conflict with or obstruct
implementation of the applicable air quality plan and the Project itself is anticipated to have a less than
significant impact.
Threshold (c) Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the
project region is in non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air
quality standard?
Construction Emissions
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to criteria pollutants to
be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.3.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Fontana GP EIR determined construction emissions would not exceed SCAQMD thresholds with
mitigation incorporated. As a result, the Fontana GP EIR concluded implementation of the General Plan
Update would be less than significant with mitigation.
Construction associated with the Project would generate short-term emissions of criteria air pollutants.
The criteria pollutants of primary concern within the project area include O3-precursor pollutants (i.e.,
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 35 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
VOC and NOX), PM10, and PM2.5. Construction-generated emissions are short term and of temporary
duration, lasting only as long as construction activities occur.
Construction activity results in the temporary generation of emissions resulting from site preparation, site
grading, motor vehicle exhaust associated with construction equipment and worker trips, and the
movement of construction equipment, especially on unpaved surfaces. Emissions of airborne particulate
matter are largely dependent on the amount of ground disturbance associated with site preparation
activities as well as weather conditions and the appropriate application of water.
Project construction is estimated to occur over approximately 20 months, beginning in April 2025. Project
construction emissions were calculated using the California Air Resources Board (CARB)-approved
California Emissions Estimator Model version 2022.1.1 (CalEEMod), which is designed to model emissions
for land use development projects, based on typical construction requirements and included in
Appendix A1 of this report. Predicted maximum daily construction-generated emissions for the Project
are summarized in Table 1: Project Construction Emissions. The Project would be subject to SCAQMD
Rules 402, 403, and 1113, which prohibit nuisances, require dust control measures, and limit VOC content
in paints, respectively. Compliance with the standards SCAQMD rules would further reduce specific
construction-related emissions.
As shown in Table 5, Project construction emissions would not exceed SCAQMD thresholds for all criteria
pollutants. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. While impacts would be considered less than
significant, the Project would be subject to Fontana GP EIR mitigation measures MM AQ-8 through
MM AQ-14 to further reduce construction emissions. Project construction air quality impacts are within
the limit of impacts identified in the Fontana GP EIR.
Operational Emissions
The Fontana GP EIR determined operational emissions associated with buildout of the General Plan
Update would not exceed SCAQMD thresholds. As a result, the Fontana GP EIR concluded implementation
of the General Plan Update would result in less than significant impacts.
Operational emissions are typically associated with mobile sources (i.e., motor vehicle use) and area
sources (such as the use of landscape maintenance equipment, consumer products, and architectural
coatings). Energy source emissions would be generated from natural gas (non-hearth) usage. Long-term
operational emissions attributable to the Project are summarized in Table 6 below.
As shown in Table , operational (i.e., area, energy, and mobile sources) emissions would not exceed the
SCAQMD thresholds for all criteria pollutants. Therefore, the Project would not violate any air quality
standards or contribute substantially to an existing or projected air quality violation. As a result,
operational air quality impacts would be less than significant. Notwithstanding, the Project would be
subject to Fontana GP EIR mitigation measures MM AQ-1 through MM AQ-6, MM AQ-8, and MM AQ-20
through MM AQ-23 to further reduce operational emissions. Project operational air quality impacts are
within the limit of impacts identified in the Fontana GP EIR.
Mitigation Measures from the Final EIR
MM AQ-1 through MM AQ-6, MM AQ-8 through MM AQ-14, and MM AQ-20 through MM AQ-23 above.
Conclusion
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 36 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
No new or more severe significant impacts from previously identified significant impacts evaluated in the
FEIR would occur. Additionally, no new information of substantial importance that was not known and
could not have been known at the time the FEIR was certified is available that would impact the prior
finding of no significant impact under this issue area.
Threshold (d) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations.
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts to sensitive receptors to be less
than significant. Refer to Section 4.3.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The State CEQA Guidelines indicate that a potentially significant impact could occur if a project would
expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations. The criteria used in the FEIR to address
this impact included the preparation of a localized impact traffic analysis and a CO hot spot analysis.
CO concentrations would be well below the State and federal standards according to the Fontana GP EIR.
Air quality impacts related to the Project are within the limit of impacts identified in the FEIR. No new
impact relative to air quality or a substantial increase in the severity of a previously identified significant
impact evaluated in the FEIR would occur. Additionally, no new information of substantial importance
that was not known and could not have been known at the time the FEIR was certified is available. The
SCAB is currently considered a nonattainment area for the NAAQS for ozone, PM 10, and PM2.5. Although
the Los Angeles County portion of the SCAB is designated a nonattainment area for the NAAQS for lead,
all other portions of the SCAB (including San Bernardino County) is designated attainment. The SCAB is
considered a nonattainment area for CAAQS for NO2, ozone, and PM10, and PM2.5. Levels of PM10 and PM2.5
are locally high enough that contributions from new sources may add to the concentrations of those
pollutants and contribute to a projected air quality violation. Two criteria are used to assess the
significance of this impact: (1) the localized significance analysis; and (2) the carbon monoxide (CO) hot
spots analysis.
Localized Significance Thresholds
In addition to the CO hotspot analysis, the SCAQMD developed localized significance thresholds (LSTs) for
emissions of NO2, CO, PM10, and PM2.5 generated at new development sites (off-site mobile source
emissions are not included in the LST analysis). LSTs represent the maximum emissions that can be
generated at a Project without expecting to cause or substantially contribute to an exceedance of the
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 37 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
most stringent state or federal ambient air quality standards. LSTs are based on the ambient
concentrations of that pollutant within the Project source receptor area (SRA), as demarcated by the
SCAQMD, and the distance to the nearest sensitive receptor. LST analysis for construction is applicable for
all projects that disturb 5 acres or less on a single day. The City of Fontana is located within SCAQMD SRA
34. The nearest sensitive receptors are residential communities located adjacent to the south and west
of the project site. LST thresholds are provided for distances to sensitive receptors of 25, 50, 100, 200,
and 500 meters. Therefore, as recommended by the SCAQMD, LSTs for receptors located at 25 meters
were used in this analysis for receptors closer than 25 meters. LSTs associated with the 25-meter threshold
are provided in Table 3: Local Significance Thresholds for Construction/Operations for informational
purposes and to demonstrate that the thresholds increase as acreages increase.
Table 3: Local Significance Thresholds for Construction/Operations
Project Size Maximum Pounds Per Day
NOX CO PM10 PM2.5
1 Acre 118/118 667/667 4/1 3/1
2 Acres 170/170 972/972 7/2 4/1
5 Acres 270/270 1,746/1,746 14/4 8/2
NOX = Nitrogen Oxides; CO = Carbon Monoxide; PM10 = Particulate Matter 10 microns in diameter or less; PM2.5 = Particulate Matter 2.5
microns in diameter or less
Note: Based on a receptor distance of 25 meters in SRA 34.
Source: Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Consistency Analysis. 2025. (Appendix A1).
Localized Construction Emissions
To identify impacts to sensitive receptors, the SCAQMD recommends addressing LSTs for construction.
LSTs were developed in response to SCAQMD Governing Boards' Environmental Justice Enhancement
Initiative (I-4). The SCAQMD provided the Final Localized Significance Threshold Methodology (dated June
2003 [revised 2008]) for guidance. The LST methodology assists lead agencies in analyzing localized
impacts associated with project-specific emissions.
Since CalEEMod calculates construction emissions based on the number of equipment hours and the
maximum daily soil disturbance activity possible for each piece of equipment, Table 4: Equipment-Specific
Disturbance Rates, is used to determine the maximum daily disturbed acreage for comparison to LSTs.
The appropriate SRA for the localized significance thresholds is the Central San Bernardino Valley (SRA 34)
since this area includes the Project site. LSTs apply to CO, NO2, PM10, and PM2.5. The SCAQMD produced
look-up tables for projects that disturb areas less than or equal to 5 acres in size. Project construction is
anticipated to disturb a maximum of 3.5 acres in a single day during the site preparation phase. As the LST
guidance provides thresholds for projects disturbing 1-, 2-, and 5-acres in size and the thresholds increase
with size of the site, the LSTs for a 3.5-acre threshold were interpolated and utilized for this analysis.
Table 4: Equipment-Specific Disturbance Rates
Construction
Phase
Equipment
Type
Equipment
Quantity
Acres Graded
per 8-Hour Day
Operating
Hours
per Day
Acres Graded
per Day
Grading
Tractors 4 0.5 8 2.0
Graders 0 0.5 8 0.0
Dozers 3 0.5 8 1.5
Scrapers 0 1.0 8 0.0
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 38 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Total Acres Graded per Day 3.5
Source: Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Consistency Analysis. 2025. (Appendix A1).
The SCAQMD’s methodology states that “off-site mobile emissions from the Project should not be
included in the emissions compared to LSTs.” Therefore, only emissions included in the CalEEMod “on-
site” emissions outputs were considered. The nearest sensitive receptors are residential communities
located adjacent to the south and west of the Project site. LST thresholds are provided for distances to
sensitive receptors of 25, 50, 100, 200, and 500 meters. Therefore, as recommended by the SCAQMD,
LSTs for receptors located at 25 meters were used in this analysis for receptors closer than 25 meters.
Table 5: Localized Significance of Construction Emissions, presents the results of localized emissions
during each construction phase. Table 5 shows that emissions of these pollutants on the peak day of
construction would not result in significant concentrations of pollutants at nearby sensitive receptors.
Therefore, localized construction emissions would be less than significant. Notwithstanding, the project
would be subject to Fontana GP EIR mitigation measures MM AQ-8 through MM AQ-14 to further reduce
construction emissions. Project construction air quality impacts are within the limit of impacts identified
in the Fontana GP EIR.
Table 5: Localized Significance of Construction Emissions
Construction Activity Emissions (Maximum Pounds Per Day)1,2
NOX CO PM10 PM2.5
Site Preparation 31.64 30.18 9.03 5.20
Grading 29.68 28.31 4.82 2.56
Building Construction 10.44 13.04 0.43 0.40
Paving 7.12 9.94 0.32 0.29
Architectural Coating 0.86 1.13 0.02 0.02
Maximum Daily Emissions 31.64 30.18 9.03 5.20
SCAQMD Localized Screening
Threshold (adjusted for 3.5 acres at
25 meters)
220 1,359 11 6
Exceed SCAQMD Threshold? No No No No
NOX = Nitrogen Oxides; CO = Carbon Monoxide; PM10 = Particulate Matter 10 microns in diameter or less; PM2.5 = Particulate Matter
2.5 microns in diameter or less
1. The highest values between summer and winter results were used as a worst-case scenario.
2. SCAQMD Rule 403 Fugitive Dust applied. The Rule 403 reduction/credits include the following: properly maintain mobile and other
construction equipment; water exposed surfaces three times daily; and limit speeds on unpaved roads to 15 miles per hour.
Reductions percentages from the SCAQMD CEQA Handbook (Tables XI-A through XI-E) were applied.
Source: Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Consistency Analysis. 2025. (Appendix A1).
Localized Operational Emissions
According to the SCAQMD localized significance threshold methodology, LSTs apply to on-site sources.
LSTs for receptors located at 25 meters for SRA 34 were used in this analysis. The 5-acre LST threshold
was utilized as the Project site encompasses 28.4 gross acres. The operational emissions shown in Table 6:
Localized Significance of Operational Emissions include all on-site Project-related stationary sources (i.e.,
area and energy sources). The maximum daily emissions of these pollutants during operations would not
result in significant concentrations of pollutants at nearby sensitive receptors. Therefore, localized
operational emissions would be less than significant. While impacts would be considered less than
significant, the Project would be subject to Fontana GP EIR mitigation measures MM AQ-1 through
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 39 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
MM AQ-8, and MM AQ-20 through MM AQ-23 to further reduce construction emissions. Project
construction air quality impacts are within the limit of impacts identified in the Fontana GP EIR.
Table 6: Localized Significance of Operational Emissions
Activity Emissions (Maximum Pounds Per Day)1
NOX CO PM10 PM2.5
On-Site Emissions 10.55 51.20 0.86 0.85
SCAQMD Localized Screening Threshold
(adjusted for 5 acres at 25 meters) 270 1,746 4 2
Exceed SCAQMD Threshold? No No No No
NOX = Nitrogen Oxides; CO = Carbon Monoxide; PM10 = Particulate Matter 10 microns in diameter or less; PM2.5 = Particulate Matter
2.5 microns in diameter or less
1. The highest values between summer and winter results were used as a worst-case scenario.
Source: Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Consistency Analysis. 2025. (Appendix A1).
Carbon Monoxide Hotspots
The Fontana GP EIR determined buildout of the General Plan Update would not expose people to
substantial CO concentrations (i.e., CO Hotspots). Therefore, the Fontana GP EIR concluded
implementation of the General Plan Update would not result in significant impacts.
An analysis of CO hotspots is needed to determine whether the change in the level of service of an
intersection resulting from the project would have the potential to result in exceedances of the CAAQS or
NAAQS. It has long been recognized that CO exceedances are caused by vehicular emissions, primarily
when vehicles are idling at intersections. Vehicle emissions standards have become increasingly stringent
in the last 20 years. Currently, the CO standard in California is a maximum of 3.4 grams per mile for
passenger cars (requirements for certain vehicles are more stringent). With the turnover of older vehicles,
introduction of cleaner fuels, and implementation of control technology on industrial facilities, CO
concentrations have steadily declined. Accordingly, with the steadily decreasing CO emissions from
vehicles, even very busy intersections do not result in exceedances of the CO standard.
The SCAB was re-designated as attainment in 2007 and is no longer addressed in the SCAQMD’s Air Quality
Management Plan (AQMP). The 2003 AQMP is the most recent version that addresses CO concentrations.
As part of the SCAQMD CO Hotspot Analysis, the Wilshire Boulevard/Veteran Avenue intersection, one of
the most congested intersections in Southern California with an average daily traffic (ADT) volume of
approximately 100,000 vehicles per day, was modeled for CO concentrations. This modeling effort
identified a CO concentration high of 4.6 ppm, which is well below the 35-ppm Federal standard. The
Project considered herein would not produce the volume of traffic required to generate a CO hot spot in
the context of SCAQMD’s CO Hotspot Analysis. As the CO hotspots were not experienced at the Wilshire
Boulevard/Veteran Avenue intersection even as it accommodates 100,000 vehicles daily, it can be
reasonably inferred that CO hotspots would not be experienced at any vicinity intersections as the Project
would result in 4,284 daily trips. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. Project CO impacts are
within the limit of impacts identified in the Fontana GP EIR.
The Health Risk Assessment, included as Appendix A2, evaluated the Projects construction health risk for
carcinogenic risk. Table 3 of the Health Risk Assessment determined the Project’s construction emissions
would result in a maximum cancer risk of 2.70 in one million, which would be below the SCAQMD’s
maximum individual cancer risk threshold of 10 in one million. Therefore, Project construction activities
would result in a less than significant impact concerning carcinogenic risk. Additionally, the highest
maximum chronic risk hazard index from project construction emissions would be 0.00220, which would
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 40 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
be below the SCAQMD’s maximum non-cancer risk hazard index threshold of 1.0. Notwithstanding, the
Project would be subject to Fontana GP EIR mitigation measures MM AQ-9 and MM AQ-10 to further
reduce construction TAC emissions. Project construction TAC impacts are within the limit of impacts
identified in the Fontana GP EIR.
Mitigation Measures from the Final EIR
MM AQ-1 through MM AQ-6, MM AQ-8 through MM AQ-14, and MM AQ-20 through MM AQ-23 above.
Conclusion
Air quality impacts related to the Project are within the limit of impacts identified in the FEIR, and would
result in fewer impacts in some cases. No new impact relative to air quality or a substantial increase in
the severity of a previously identified significant impact evaluated in the FEIR would occur with
implementation of the above FEIR MMs. Additionally, no new information of substantial importance that
was not known and could not have been known at the time the FEIR was certified is available that would
alter the FEIR’s significance finding.
Threshold (e) Create objectionable odors affecting a substantial number of people.
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to objectionable odors to
be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.3.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Fontana GP EIR determined construction and operational odors associated with buildout of the
General Plan Update would be less than significant.
The Project consists of a multi-family residential development that would not include land uses that have
the potential to generate substantial odors (e.g., agriculture, wastewater treatment plants, food
processing plants, chemical plants, composting facilities, refineries, landfills, dairies, and fiberglass
molding, etc.). Odors may be generated during construction activities such as, equipment diesel exhaust,
architectural coatings VOCs, and paving activities. However, these odors would be temporary, are not
expected to affect a substantial number of people and would disperse rapidly. Therefore, impacts related
to odors generated by the Project would be less than significant.
Mitigation Measures from the Final EIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 41 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Conclusion
There are no new potentially significant impacts associated with the Project; therefore, no new and/or
refined mitigation measures are required for issues related to air quality.
Cumulative Air Quality Impacts
Similar to the findings of the Fontana GP EIR, the proposed Project would not generate significant and
unavoidable impacts. Emissions associated with construction and operation of the proposed Project
would not exceed the SCAQMD thresholds and would be consistent with SCAQMD’s AQMPs. There would
not be a cumulatively considerably net increase in air quality impacts. As a result, the proposed Project
would not result in any new or more severe cumulative impacts than previously analyzed in the Fontana
GP EIR.
Overall Air Quality Impact Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to air quality. Therefore, the
preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 42 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.4 Biological Resources
4.4.1 Summary of Previous Environmental Analysis
The FEIR concluded that future development occurring within the Fontana GP Update area would not
adversely affect, either directly or through habitat modification, any species identified as a candidate,
sensitive, or special status species, any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community upon the
implementation of FEIR MM BIO-1. Similarly, the FEIR determined that future development would not
affect any wetlands, drainages, or habitat conservation plans upon the implementation of the Fontana
GP.
Would the project have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modifications,
on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans,
policies, or regulations, or by the CDFW or USFWS?
The GPU EIR analysis identified two sensitive plant species in the City (Plummer’s mariposa lily and Parry’s
spineflower) and moderate potential for an additional three species (mesa horkelia, Robinson’s pepper-
grass, and short-joint beavertail). The GPU EIR analysis also identified 13 sensitive wildlife species which
are known to regularly occur within the City and are assumed to be present. These include: Delhi Sands
flower-loving fly, coast horned lizard, Cooper’s hawk, southern California rufous-crowned sparrow, golden
eagle, Bell’s sparrow, burrowing owl, northern harrier, California horned lark, loggerhead shrike, coastal
California gnatcatcher, northwestern San Diego pocket mouse, and Los Angeles pocket mouse. It was also
determined that there is a moderate or high potential for nine additional sensitive wildlife species to
occur. These include: silvery legless lizard, orange-throated whiptail, red-diamond rattlesnake, Swainson’s
hawk, yellow warbler, western mastiff bat, San Diego black-tailed jackrabbit, San Diego desert woodrat,
and southern grasshopper mouse. The northern portion of the City has the potential to support habitat
suitable for special status species due to the presence of open space along the foothills of the San Gabriel
Mountains. Except for the burrowing owl and nesting raptors or passerine birds, no special status species
have the reasonable potential to occupy lands that are subject to the proposed GPU land use changes.
There is the potential for burrowing owl and nesting birds to be present within areas subject to GPU land
use changes. Implementation of MM-BIO-1 and -2 would mitigate impacts to burrowing owl and nesting
birds to a level of less than significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.3-47).
Would the project substantially affect any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community
identified in local or regional plans, policies, regulations, or by the CDFW or USFWS?
The GPU EIR analysis identified five sensitive natural communities within the Planning Area: California
Walnut Woodland, Coastal and Valley Freshwater Marsh, RAFSS, Southern Riparian Forest, and Southern
Sycamore Alder Riparian Woodland. These communities and remaining natural riparian habitat all occur
within portions of the San Gabriel Mountains foothills and Jurupa Hills to the north and south of the City,
respectively. Impacts to these habitats would be significant; however, adherence to Goal 1 (Fontana
continues to preserve sensitive natural open space in the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains and Jurupa
Hills.) of the Conservation, Open Space, Parks, and Trails Element would protect these habitats. Therefore,
no impact would occur. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.3-48).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 43 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Would the project substantially effect federally protected wetlands as defined by Section 404 of the
CWA (including but not limited to marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling,
hydrological interruption, or other means?
The GPU EIR analysis included review of the USFWS’s National Wetlands Inventory online mapper and
biological surveys. It was determined that no wetlands located within the GPU Planning Area are subject
to land use changes. Therefore, implementation of the GPU would not impact any wetlands as defined by
Section 404 of the Clean Water Act. No impact would occur. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.3-49).
Would the project interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish
or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use
of native wildlife nursery sites?
Wildlife movement within the GPU Planning Area is limited to an east-west orientation along the foothills
of the San Gabriel Mountains north of I-15. Impacts to said area would be significant; however, this area
will be protected by Goal 1 (previously listed) and is not subject to land use changes. Therefore, no impact
would occur. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.3-49).
Would the project conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as
a tree preservation policy or ordinance?
Development allowed by the GPU would be required to comply with proposed GPU policies and existing
City policies related to the protection of biological resources. As such, the GPU would not conflict with
any City policies, regulations, or standards designed to protect biological resources. No impact would
occur. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.3-49).
Would the Project conflict with the provisions of an adopted HCP, NCCP, or other approved local,
regional, or state habitat conservation plan?
Per the GPU EIR analysis, no formal HCP exists that includes the Planning Area. However, in 2004, the City
commissioned the preparation of a MSHCP to address potential impacts to sensitive RAFSS and RSS
habitats and special status species that may occur within the North Fontana Conservation Program Area
in the San Gabriel Mountains foothills. City Council approved City Ordnance No. 1464 on December 7,
2004. This ordinance established a tiered mitigation fee program for development within the subject area.
The area encompassed by the Program Area would be protected by Goal 1 (previously listed). No impact
would occur. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.3-49). It should be noted that the City of Fontana no longer has an MSHCP
in place currently.
Cumulative GPU Biological Resources Impacts
To address the long-term, cumulative loss of sensitive habitat and associated species in the City, the City,
as part of the General Plan process, would continue to implement existing Federal and State regulations
related to species and habitat protection and conservation. Considering the General Plan Update
consistency with the existing Federal and State regulations, the buildout of the General Plan’s contribution
to the long-term loss of sensitive habitat and species would not be considerable. In particular, the General
Plan Update provides for continued preservation and restoration of natural habitat and landforms.
Therefore, the General Plan Update’s contribution to the future loss of biological resources would not be
cumulatively considerable.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 44 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.4.2 Analysis of Proposed Project
ELMT Consulting prepared the Biological Resources Assessment (BRA) for the Project dated September
2024. The results of the Biological Resources Assessment are summarized herein and included as
Appendix B to this Addendum. Prior to conducting the field investigation, a literature review and records
search was conducted for special-status biological resources potentially occurring on or within the vicinity
of the Project site. Previously recorded occurrences of special-status plant and wildlife species and their
proximity to the Project site were determined through a query of the following sources:
California Department of Fish and Wildlife’s (CDFW) Quick View Tool in the Biogeographic
Information and Observation System (BIOS),
California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB) Rarefind 5;
California Native Plan Society’s (CNPS) Electronic Inventory of Rare and Endangered Vascular
Plants of California.
Calflora Database
Compendia of special-status species published by CDFW
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) species listings.
Threshold (a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modifications, on
any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or
regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and
Game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts to candidate, sensitive, or special
status species to be less than significant with mitigation incorporated. Refer to Section 4.4.1 for a
summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The BRA found that no State and/or federally listed threatened or endangered species or plant
communities are documented in the immediate vicinity of the Project site and that no USFWS-designated
Critical Habitat occurs on-site.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 45 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
The BRA, consistent with the Fontana GP EIR, has determined the Project site is previously disturbed and
in a highly developed region. Additionally, the Project site supports only non-native grassland which are
incapable of supporting identified special status species. As such, the Project site provides limited habitat
for wildlife, except those adapted to anthropogenic disturbances and urban development.
Special-Status Plant Species
According to the CNDDB and CNPS, 20 special-status plant species were recorded in the Devore
quadrangle. However, no special-status plant species were observed on-site during the on-site habitat
assessment. The Project site has been subject to anthropogenic disturbances from on-site and
surrounding developments. These disturbances have eliminated the suitability of the habitat to support
special-status plant species known to occur in the general vicinity of the Project site. Based on habitat
requirements for specific special-status plant species and the availability and quality of habitats needed
by each species, the BRA determined that the Project site does not provide suitable habitat for any of the
special-status plant species known to occur in the area and are presumed to be absent from the Project
site.
Special-Status Wildlife Species
According to the CNDDB, forty-four (44) special-status wildlife species have been reported in the Devore
quadrangle. The only special-status wildlife species observed during the field investigation was Cooper’s
hawk. Cooper’s hawk are known to occur in urban areas. The project site support suitable foraging habitat
for Cooper’s hawk, but does not provide suitable nesting opportunities.
Based on habitat requirements for specific species and the availability and quality of on-site habitats, it
was determined that the proposed project site has a moderate potential to support California horned lark
(Eremophila alpestris acti). It was further determined that the project site does not have the potential to
support any of the other special-status wildlife species listed in the CNDDB and all are presumed to be
absent.
None of the aforementioned species are Federally or State listed as endangered or threatened. With
implementation of a pre-construction nesting bird clearance survey, no impacts to special-status species
are expected to occur.To ensure absence of special-status wildlife species, MM BIO-2 would be
implemented to ensure a pre-construction nesting bird survey is conducted.
San Bernardino kangaroo rat
Although the Project site does occur within Critical Habitat for San Bernardino kangaroo rat, no sign (e.g.,
San Bernardino kangaroo rat characteristic burrows, dusting baths, and/or tail drags) was observed during
the field investigation. Additionally, the Project site no longer is subject to the hydrologic influence of Lytle
Creek or any other blueline streams mapped as occurring in the vicinity of the site, due to the
channelization of Lytle Creek for flood control purposes.
Based on these conditions, it was determined that the project site does not provide the requisite habitat
elements needed by San Bernardino kangaroo rat to be present. Therefore, it was determined that San
Bernardino kangaroo rat is presumed absent from the project site and no focused surveys are
recommended.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 46 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
California Gnatcatcher
The Project site ranges in approximate elevation from 1,826 to 1,847 feet above mean sea level, which is
above the known elevational range of California gnatcatcher. Ninety-nine percent of all California
gnatcatcher observations occur below 950 feet above msl. California gnatcatcher’s preferred habitat is
coastal sage scrub dominated by California sage brush. The Project site does not support coastal sage
scrub habitat. In addition, the site is isolated from California gnatcatcher occupied coastal sage scrub
habitats and linkage areas in the region by surrounding development. Given the community present
onsite, plus the lack of any observation of California gnatcatcher in north Fontana and isolation of the site
due to the recent development of surrounding properties, it is highly unlikely that the site might support
this species. Therefore, California gnatcatcher is presumed to be absent from the Project site. No further
surveys are recommended.
Burrowing Owl
The burrowing owl is currently listed as a Candidate Endangered Species by CDFW. It is a grassland
specialist distributed throughout western North America where it occupies open areas with short
vegetation and bare ground within shrub, desert, and grassland environments. Burrowing owls use a wide
variety of arid and semi-arid environments with well-drained, level to gently-sloping areas characterized
by sparse vegetation and bare ground.
No burrowing owls or recent sign (i.e., pellets, feathers, castings, or whitewash) were observed during the
field investigation. Additionally, the project site lacks suitable burrows (>4 inches in diameter) capable of
providing nesting opportunities. Based on the results of the field investigation, it was determined that the
project site does not have potential to support burrowing owl and focused surveys are not recommended.
However, out of an abundance of caution, a pre-construction burrowing owl clearance survey shall be
conducted prior to development to ensure burrowing owl remain absent from the project site.
However, out of an abundance of caution, a preconstruction burrowing owl clearance survey shall be
conducted consistent with MM BIO-1 prior to development to ensure burrowing owl remain absent from
the Project site.
Special-Status Plant Communities
According to the CNDDB, three special-status plant communities has been reported in the Devore
quadrangle: Riversidean Alluvial Fan Sage Scrub, Southern Riparian Forest, and Southern Sycamore Alder
Riparian Woodland. Based on the results of the field investigation, Riversidean Alluvial Fan Sage Scrub,
Southern Riparian Forest, and Southern Sycamore Alder Riparian Woodland would not occur within or
adjacent to the Project site. Therefore, no special-status plant communities would be impacted from
Project implementation.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
Although species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans,
policies, or regulations, or by the CDFW or USFW are determined to be absent from the Project site, the
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 47 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
FEIR requires that the following applicable FEIR MM is implemented in order to further reduce potentially
significant impacts on special status species and maintain a less than significant level.
MM BIO-1
1. Prior to initial grading or clearing of areas of suitable habitat within the Planning Area
(e.g., a vacant site with a landscape of grassland or low-growing, arid scrub vegetation
or agricultural use or vegetation), a qualified biologist shall conduct a pre-
construction survey, in accordance with the CDFG Staff Report on Burrowing Owl
Mitigation, to determine the presence or absence of burrowing owl within the
proposed area of impact.
2. Results of surveys, including mitigation recommendations (i.e., a Burrowing Owl
Mitigation and Monitoring Report) shall be incorporated into the project-level CEQA
compliance documentation.
3. Construction grading/clearing of areas of suitable habitat should occur between
September 1 and January 31 to avoid impacts to breeding owls. If occupied burrows
are discovered, they shall not be removed during nesting season (February 1 through
August 31), unless a qualified biologist can determine that either the owls have not
laid eggs or are incubating eggs, or that any young from the burrows are able to forage
independently. If initial grading is scheduled to occur during nesting season, the
following measures shall be implemented.
4. If removal of occupied burrows is necessary, passive relocation outside of nesting
season shall be implemented under the supervision of the qualified biologist. This
shall include covering/excavation of burrows and installation of one-way doors as
necessary. One-way doors will allow owls inside the burrow to exit but not allow them
to re-enter. The biologist shall wait a minimum of one week before the burrow may
be excavated to allow the owls time to leave the area.
MM BIO-2 To avoid impacts to nesting birds and to comply with the MBTA, clearing of vegetation
and removal of trees should occur between nonnesting (or non-breeding) season for birds
(generally, September 1 to January 31). If this avoidance schedule is not feasible, the
alternative is to carry out such activities under the supervision of a qualified biologist. This
shall entail the following:
1. A qualified biologist shall conduct a pre-construction nesting bird survey no more
than 14 days prior to initiating ground disturbance activities. The survey will consist
of full coverage of the proposed disturbance limits and up to a 500-foot buffer area,
determined by the biologist and taking into account the species nesting in the area
and the habitat present.
2. If no active nests are found, no additional measures are required.
3. If “occupied” nests are found, their locations shall be mapped, species documented,
and, to the degree feasible, the status of the nest (e.g., incubation of eggs, feeding of
young, near fledging) recorded. The biologist shall establish a no-disturbance buffer
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 48 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
around each active nest. The buffer area will be determined by the biologist based on
the species present, surrounding habitat, and type of construction activities proposed
in the area.
4. No construction or ground disturbance activities shall be conducted within the buffer
until the biologist has determined the nest is no longer active and has informed the
construction supervisor that activities may resume.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact on a status or listed species with
implementation of FEIR MM BIO-1 and MM BIO-2 which would require revisions to the previously
approved FEIR, worsen impacts identified in the FEIR requiring mitigation, or discover information that
was not known at the time of the FEIR adoption. Similar to the FEIR findings, the Project is anticipated to
result in a less than significant impact to species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status
species by the CDFW or USFWS.
Threshold (b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural
community identified in local or regional plans, policies, and regulations or by the
California Department of Fish and Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found there would be no impact to riparian
habitat or other sensitive natural community. Refer to Section 4.4.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project area contains no riparian corridors, sensitive natural communities or federally protected
wetlands as the Project site is previously disturbed, contains no drainage or wetland features, and is
surrounded by existing development which has isolated the Project site from natural areas. The BRA has
determined that the Project site is incapable of supporting special status wildlife species as degradation
of habitat quality and development have removed the potential for the Project site to support special
status species. The BRA evaluated for the presence of jurisdictional waters, i.e., Waters of the U.S. as
regulated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and Regional Water Quality Control Board
(RWQCB), and/or streambed and associated riparian habitat as regulated by the CDFW.
No discernible drainage courses, inundated areas, or wetland features/obligate plant species that would
be considered jurisdictional by the USACE, RWQCB, or CDFW were observed within the Project site. Based
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 49 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
on the proposed site plan, Project activities would not result in impacts to USACE, RWQCB, or CDFW
jurisdictional areas and regulatory approvals would not be required.
As determined by the BRA, the Project site is located within designated Critical Habitat Unit 2, Lytle
Creek/Cajon Wash for San Bernardino kangaroo rat. However, since the Project does not have a federal
nexus or connection to wildlife corridors, a Section 7 consultation with the USFWS would not be required
for loss or adverse modification of Critical Habitat. As such, impacts would be less than significant and no
mitigation is necessary.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project’s impact on riparian habitat or other sensitive natural communities would be less than
significant. There are no new potentially significant impacts associated with the Project. No riparian
habitat exists within the Project site and the buildout of the Project is not anticipated to impact to USACE,
RWQCB, or CDFW jurisdictional areas.
Threshold (c) Have a substantial adverse effect on state or federally protected wetlands (including,
but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling,
hydrological interruption, or other means?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found there would be no impact to protected
wetlands. Refer to Section 4.4.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
Consistent with the FEIR and as noted above in Threshold (b), the BRA concluded that the Project site has
no discernible drainage courses, inundated areas, or wetland features/obligate plant species that would
be considered jurisdictional by the USACE, RWQCB, or CDFW. Thus, no impact would occur since the
Project does not contain any state or federally protected wetlands and regulatory approvals would not be
required. Additionally, no new information of substantial importance that was not known and could not
have been known at the time the FEIR was certified is available that would change the finding of less than
significant impact under this threshold.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 50 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact on a wetland resource which would
require revisions to the previously approved FEIR, worsen impacts identified in the FEIR requiring
mitigation, or discover information that was not known at the time of the FEIR adoption. The Project
would not generate impacts to wetlands including, but not limited to, vernal pool, coastal, etc.
Threshold (d) Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or
wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or
impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found there would be no impact to wildlife
movement. Refer to Section 4.4.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
Consistent of the FEIR findings, the Project site is predominately disturbed by urban development.
Because of the Project site’s location, and due to the urbanized nature of the area, no migratory corridors,
migratory fish, or established native resident species would be affected.
According to the BRA, the Project site has not been identified as occurring within a Wildlife Corridor or
Linkage. The Project site is surrounded by existing residential land uses and is isolated from regional
wildlife corridors and linkages. The Project site is not mapped as occurring within or adjacent to any
Major Open Space Areas. The nearest Major Open Space Areas are the Cajon Wash, located approximately
4.87 miles to the northeast, and San Sevaine Canyon, which occurs in the foothills of the San Gabriel
Mountains approximately 1.54 miles to the northwest of the Project site. In addition, there are no riparian
corridors, creeks, or useful patches of steppingstone habitat (natural areas) within or connecting the site
to a recognized wildlife corridor or linkage. As such, implementation of the Project is not expected to
impact wildlife movement opportunities. Therefore, impacts to wildlife corridors or linkages are not
expected to occur.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 51 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Project buildout would not interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory
fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors or impede the
use of native wildlife nursery sites.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact on a native wildlife site which would
require revisions to the previously approved FEIR, worsen impacts identified in the FEIR requiring
mitigation, or discover information that was not known at the time of the FEIR adoption. The Project
would result in no new or more severe significant impact on fish and wildlife and their habitat.
Threshold (e) Conflict with any local policies or ordinances related to protecting biological resources,
such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance, and
Threshold (f) Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural
Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat
conservation plan?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found there would be no impact with regard to
wildlife policies, ordinances, or plans. Refer to Section 4.4.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
Refer to Thresholds (a-d). According to the FEIR, the Project would not conflict with an adopted Habitat
Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state
habitat conservation plan, or local policies/ordinances upon implementation of recommended mitigation.
The Project would comply with Chapter 28 Article III of the Municipal Code, in particular, Code Section
28-64, Permit Required for Removal of Heritage, Significant and Specimen Trees, which specifies no person
shall remove or cause the removal of any heritage, significant, or specimen tree unless a Tree Removal
Permit is first obtained. Impacts in this regard are considered less than significant following compliance
with the provisions of the Municipal Code.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 52 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Moreover, the FEIR concluded that neither the City nor the County has adopted a federal or state habitat
conservation plan that provides any requirements or guidance for the Fontana GP Update area. Buildout
of the Fontana GP Update would not conflict with an adopted habitat conservation plan.
As discussed in thresholds (a-d) above, the Project would not conflict with federal, state, regional, or local
policies pertaining to biological resources and jurisdictional waters and does not contain suitable habitat
for special-status plants, wildlife, and plant communities. In addition, the City’s municipal code
(Section 28-61) does not apply to the Project because the on-site trees do not qualify for “heritage tree,”
“significant tree,” “specimen tree,” and/or windrow status. Consistent with the FEIR, impacts in this
regard are considered less than significant. Additionally, no new information of substantial importance
that was not known and could not have been known at the time the FEIR was certified is available that
would change the finding of less than significant.
The Project site would not conflict with local policies protecting biological resources or habitat
conservation plans as the Project contains no biological resources of significance or linkages to existing
wildlife corridors. As such, impacts associated with implementation of the Fontana GP are expected to be
less than significant regarding biological resources.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact on a plan, policy, or ordinance
designed to protect biological resource which would require revisions to the previously approved FEIR,
worsen impacts identified in the FEIR requiring mitigation, or discover information that was not known at
the time of the FEIR adoption. There are no new potentially significant impacts associated with the
Project; therefore, no new and/or refined mitigation measures are required.
Cumulative Biological Resources Impacts
As concluded above, there were no special-status plant or animal species observed on the Project site and
the presence of such species on the Project is unlikely. However, implementation of mitigation measures
BIO-1 and BIO-2 would avoid potential impacts to burrowing owls and nesting bird species that have a low
potential to occur on the Project site. In addition, the Project would not impact jurisdictional waters of
the U.S. or State, including wetlands. Therefore, all impacts related to biological resources would be less
than significant in consideration of compliance with existing laws, ordinances, regulations and standards,
and implementation of Mitigation Measures BIO-1 and BIO-2. Similarly, all future cumulative projects in
the City would be required to implement mitigation measures, and comply with mandatory Federal, State,
and local laws and regulations. As a result, the Project, in conjunction with all past, present, and
reasonably foreseeable projects, would not result in a cumulatively considerable impact on biological
resources.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 53 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Overall Biological Resources Impacts Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to biological resources.
Therefore, the preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 54 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.5 Cultural Resources
4.5.1 Summary of Previous Environmental Analysis
The FEIR determined that although the likelihood for adverse impacts to historical and archaeological
resources within the Fontana GP Update area are not likely to occur, in order to maintain any potential
unforeseeable impacts to a less than significant level, MM CUL-1 and MM CUL-3 would be implemented.
Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical or archaeological
resource as defined in Section 15064.5?
The GPU EIR found that implementation of the GPU could affect known/unknown cultural resources, but
that effects on said resources can only be addressed after a project has been proposed since the project
effects are dependent on location, site conditions, and development characteristics. Therefore, potential
impacts that could destroy or damage cultural resources as a result of development under the GPU are
too speculative to assess. Each project and the potential impacts will be assessed by the City at the time
of a development proposal. Future projects would be subject to the applicable City MC pertaining to
cultural resources as well as federal/state laws and regulations. Therefore, the impact was found to be
less than significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.4-14).
Would the project cause a substantial adverse change to the significance of a Tribal Cultural Resources
as defined in Public Resources Code section 21074 (site/feature/place/landscape/sacred place of
object) that holds cultural or religious value to a California Native American Tribe?
The City would comply with AB 52 and SB 18 dealing with Tribal Cultural Resources. In addition, GPU goals
and associated policies and actions are consistent with the requirements of AB 52 and SB 18. Goal 3:
Cultural and archaeological resources are protected and preserved reinforces the City’s commitment to
preserve cultural resources, including Tribal Cultural Resources. Impacts would be less than significant.
(GPU EIR, pg. 5.4-16).
Would the project directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique
geologic feature?
Like cultural resources, it is speculative to evaluate the impacts of future projects on paleontological
resources. Future projects would be assessed for the potential to impact paleontological resources based
on the location of the project with respect to the sensitivity of the underlying geologic formations to
contain fossils as well as the depth of excavation of the facilities associated with the project. Goal 3
(previously listed) commits the City to the preservation of cultural and archaeological resources. Impacts
were found to be less than significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.4-16).
Would the project disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries?
Like cultural resources, it is speculative to evaluate the impacts of future projects on human remains.
Future projects would be assessed for the potential to impact human remains based on the location and
nature of the project. Goal 3 (previously listed) commits the City to the preservation of cultural and
archaeological resources. Impacts were found to be less than significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.4-17).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 55 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Note, while the GPU EIR did not identify cultural resources impacts that require mitigation, MM-CUL-1
through -5 were included which includes best practices to be applied to future projects, as necessary, to
reduce impacts to less than significant levels.
Cumulative GPU Cultural Resources Impacts
Since the General Plan Buildout area is almost entirely built out and development consists of infill, the
chance of exposing hidden cultural resources is remote. Additionally, the existing and General Plan Update
policies provide an ongoing program to ensure proper identification, evaluation, and recovery and/or
protection of potentially important historical, archaeological, and paleontological resources that may be
disturbed during future development activities. Existing State law requires immediate County Coroner
notification upon discovery of human remains and also notification of affected Native American tribes if
the remains are suspected to be of Native American origin. Surrounding jurisdictions are subject to similar
regulations, including coroner notification upon discovery of human remains. Long-term development
throughout Fontana has low potential to impact subsurface archaeological and/or paleontological
remains. With regard to historical properties, General Plan Update policies recognize the importance of
preserving the City’s heritage. With continued implementation of City policies and practices, the Project’s
contribution to the future loss of cultural resources would not be cumulatively considerable (GPU EIR,
pg. 7-3).
4.5.2 Analysis of Proposed Project
A Project-specific Cultural Resources Assessment (CRA) was prepared by Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc.
in September 2024 (see Appendix C) and is summarized below.
The CRA included a cultural resources records search with the South Central Coastal Information Center
(SCCIC), additional research, intensive-level pedestrian cultural resources survey, Sacred Lands File (SLF)
Search with the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) and California Register of Historical
Resources (CRHR), and paleontological resources overview.
Data from the SCCIC within the CRA and shown in Figure 5: Grapeland Historic District Map, revealed that
the Project area is entirely situated in the southwestern part of the Grapeland Homestead and Water
Works Historic District (P-36-015376), which is listed as California Point of Historical Interest #116. The
CRA performed a pedestrian survey of the Project area and did not identify any resources associated with
the historic district. It was also noted that the Project area has been previously disturbed by disking,
modern dumping, and animal burrows. The CRA recorded four additional cultural resources during the
pedestrian survey: KHA-CAS-24-01 through KHA-CAS-24-04, which consist entirely of historic-period
refuse. The Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) conducted a search of SLF, which produced
positive results.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 56 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Figure 5: Grapeland Historic District Map
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 57 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
In summary, the CRA identified a total of five cultural resources during the inventory efforts conducted
for this study: KHA-CAS-24-01, KHA-CAS-24-02, KHA-CAS-24-03, KHA-CAS-24-04, and P-36-015376. The
Project area is situated entirely in the southwest portion of P-36-015376 (the Grapeland Homestead and
Water Works Historic District). As a California Point of Historical Interest, the district is a “Historical
Resource”, as defined by CEQA. However, the Project area does not contain any resources associated with
the district and, as such, the portion of P-36-015376 within the Project area is recommended as a non-
contributing element. As such, the Project would not have a significant adverse impact on P-36-015376.
Furthermore, the CRA evaluated the newly recorded cultural resources, KHA-CAS-24-01, -02, -03, and -04,
and recommended the resources as not eligible for the CRHR. As such, no known “Unique Archaeological
Resources”, as defined by CEQA, were identified within the Project area. Thus, the CRA determined that
the likelihood of encountering potentially significant prehistoric archaeological remains low.
The results of the CRA are summarized herein and included as Appendix C to this Addendum.
Threshold (a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource pursuant
Section 15064.5?
Threshold (b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource
pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5?
Threshold (c) Cause a substantial adverse change to the significance of a Tribal Cultural Resources as
defined in Public Resources Code section 21074 (site/feature/place/landscape/sacred
place of object) that holds cultural or religious value to a California Native American
Tribe?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts to cultural/tribal cultural
resources to be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.5.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The CRA conducted a record search through the SCCIC for the Project area and 0.5-mile buffer on
August 7, 2024. The results were positive for the presence of cultural resources in the Project area and
buffer. One resource, P-36-015376, is the Grapeland Homestead and Water Works Historic District, which
is 2,828-acre resource that includes the Project area in its entirety, as well as a portion of the 0.5-mile
record search buffer (Figure 3). There are four additional cultural resources that were previously recorded
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 58 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
in the buffer (Table 7). According to the SCCIC data, no previous cultural studies have covered the Project
area, but there were 19 cultural studies conducted within the buffer area.
Table 7: Previously Recorded Cultural Resources
Primary No. Age Description Location
P-36-006587 Historic Rock alignment 0.35 miles east
P-36-006588 Historic Homestead 0.05 miles north
P-36-007375 Prehistoric Lithic scatter 0.35 miles north
P-36-015376* Historic Grapeland Homestead and Water Works Historic
District
Entire Project area and
most of the buffer
P-36-020148 Historic Single-family residence 0.40 miles northwest
*In Project Area
During the pedestrian survey, the CRA identified and newly recorded four cultural resources, including
three historic isolates, KHA-CAS-24-01, -02, and -03, and one historic-period refuse site, KHA-CAS-24-04.
Though historic in age, the artifacts are entirely common refuse and lacking in diagnostic features. As
such, it is unlikely they are associated with P-36-015376. No other resources, to include any resources
potentially associated with P-36-015376, were identified during the survey.
The Grapeland Homestead and Water Works Historic District includes a portion of the former community
of Grapeland, which was one of the earliest homestead settlements in the San Bernardino Valley.
Originally a thriving community from 1866 through the 1880s, hopeful entrepreneurs created an
ambitious irrigation system by 1890 to bring water from Lytle Creek to their failing croplands on the
Grapeland homesteads.
The remnants of this effort, and the larger 2,828-acre historic district, were first recorded by the Fontana
Historical Society in 1987. The district was accepted as California Point of Historical Interest #116 in 1990
and is, therefore, a historical resource under CEQA. However, since it was designated before 1997, it is
not listed on the CRHR. The site record notes that the historic district includes the Sierra Vista Reservoir,
stone lined ditches, and homestead structures, though the records provide no real development of a
historic context nor thorough discussion related to contributing and non-contributing resources. The
records also seem to indicate the district has not been surveyed in its entirety and, as such, a full inventory
of contributing elements to the district is lacking.
A recent survey conducted within portions of the district in 2016 by ICF did not identify any “remnants of
historic irrigation, structures, features or other activity” associated with the district within their study
area. Kimley-Horn similarly did not identify any features (e.g., reservoir, homestead, or irrigation ditch)
associated with the district within the Project area during research effort or pedestrian survey.
Furthermore, Kimley-Horn’s review of the district indicated that at least one identified contributing
resource located outside of the Project area, the Sierra Vista Reservoir, was demolished sometime after
2018.
Due to the research and survey efforts conducted for this Project, it is apparent that the Grapeland
Homestead and Water Works Historic District has not been subject to a comprehensive inventory or
review. Additionally, it has been subjected to physical impacts since its original recording and, as such,
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 59 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
may no longer retain sufficient integrity as a significance resource. Even so, assuming the district remains
a historical resource under CEQA, the Project area does not contain any resources associated with the
district and, as such, the portion of P-36-015376 within the Project area is recommended as a non-
contributing element. As such, the Project would not have a significant adverse impact on P-36-015376.
In the event unknown cultural resources are discovered during Project implementation, Fontana GP FEIR
MM CUL-1, MM CUL-2, and MM CUL-3 would be implemented to ensure proper procedures are followed
regarding the discovery of cultural resources. As such, no new or more severe significant impact relative
to historical or archaeological resources from previously identified significant impacts evaluated in the
FEIR would occur. Furthermore, no new information of substantial importance that was not known and
could not have been known at the time the FEIR was certified is available that would impact the prior
finding of less than significant impact with mitigation under this threshold.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
MM CUL-1 A qualified archaeologist shall perform the following tasks, prior to construction activities
within project boundaries:
Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for historic
resources, a field survey for historical resources within portions of the project site not
previously surveyed for cultural resources shall be conducted.
Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for historic
resources, the San Bernardino County Archives shall be contacted for information on
historical property records.
Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for sacred
land resources, the Native American Heritage Commission shall be contacted for
information regarding sacred lands.
All historical resources within the project site, including archaeological and historic
resources older than 50 years, shall be inventoried using appropriate State record
forms and guidelines followed according to the California Office of Historic
Preservation’s handbook “Instructions for Recording Historical Resources.” The
archaeologist shall then submit two (2) copies of the completed forms to the San
Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for the assignment of
trinomials.
The significance and integrity of all historical resources within the project site shall be
evaluated, using criteria established in the CEQA Guidelines for important
archaeological resources and/or 36 CFR 60.4 for eligibility for listing on the National
Register of Historic Places.
Mitigation measures shall be proposed, and conditions of approval (if a local
government action) recommended to eliminate adverse project effects on significant,
important, and unique historical resources, following appropriate CEQA and/or
National Historic Preservation Act's Section 106 guidelines.
A technical resources management report shall be prepared, documenting the
inventory, evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the project site,
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 60 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
following guidelines for Archaeological Resource Management Reports prepared by
the California Office of Historic Preservation, Preservation Planning Bulletin 4(a),
December 1989. One copy of the completed report, with original illustrations, shall
be submitted to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for
permanent archiving.
If human remains are encountered on the project site, the San Bernardino County
Coroner’s Office shall be contacted within 24 hours of the find, and all work shall be
halted until a clearance is given by that office and any other involved agencies.
All resources and data collected within the project site shall be permanently curated
at an appropriate repository within the County.
MM CUL-2 If any prehistoric archaeological resources are encountered before or during grading, the
developer shall retain a qualified archaeologist to monitor construction activities and to
take appropriate measures to protect or preserve them for study. With the assistance of
the archaeologist, the City of Fontana shall:
Enact interim measures to protect undesignated sites from demolition or significant
modification without an opportunity for the City to establish its archaeological value.
Consider establishing provisions to require incorporation of archaeological sites
within new developments, using their special qualities at a theme or focal point.
Pursue educating the public about the area's archaeological heritage.
Proposal mitigation measures and recommend conditions of approval (if a local
government action) to eliminate adverse project effects on significant, important, and
unique prehistoric resources, following appropriate CEQA guidelines.
Prepare a technical resources management report, documenting the inventory,
evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the project area. Submit one
copy of the completed report, with original illustrations, to the San Bernardino County
Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving.
MM CUL-3 Where consistent with applicable local, State and federal law and deemed appropriate by
the City, future site-specific development projects shall consider the following:
In the event Native American cultural resources are discovered during construction
for future development, all work in the immediate vicinity of the find shall cease and
a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards shall be hired to
assess the find. Work on the overall project may continue during this period.
Initiate consultation between the appropriate Native American tribal entity (as
determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) and
the City/project applicant; Transfer cultural resources investigations to the
appropriate Native American entity (as determined by a qualified archaeologist
meeting Secretary of Interior standards) as soon as possible.
Utilize a Native American Monitor from the appropriate Native American entity (as
determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards)
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 61 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
where deemed appropriate or required by the City, during initial ground disturbing
activities, cultural resource surveys, and/or cultural resource excavations.
Conclusion
The Project would result in a less than significant impact on a historic or archaeological resource with
implementation of MM CUL-1, MM CUL-2 and MM CUL-3. Furthermore, no new information of
substantial importance that was not known and could not have been known at the time the FEIR was
certified is available that would impact the prior finding of less than significant impact with mitigation
under this threshold.
Threshold (d) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique
geologic feature?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts to paleontological resources to
be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.5.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project site is underlain by younger Holocene (Qa) alluvium9 and as such, a possibility for
paleontological resources to be discovered is considered minimal The FEIR included MM CUL-4 and CUL-
5 to mimize impacts to paleontological resources. However, these mitigation measures would not apply
to the proposed Project as onsite discovery of paleontological resources is considered low.As such,
impacts would be less than significant.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR are applicable to the proposed Project.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact on paleontological resources which
would require revisions to the previously approved FEIR, worsen impacts identified in the FEIR requiring
mitigation, or discover information that was not known at the time of the FEIR adoption. As such, impacts
would be less than significant.
9 Dibblee, T.W., and Minch, J.A. 2003 Geologic Map of the Devore Quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California. Dibblee Geological
Foundation. Dibblee Foundation Map DF-105.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 62 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Threshold (e) Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts to human remains to be less than
significant. Refer to Section 4.5.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project site is not located within a known or suspected cemetery and there are no known human
remains within the Project site. The CRA concluded that due to the lack of historical and archeological
resources, no conditions exist that suggest human remains are likely to be found within the boundaries of
the Project site. Due to the level of past disturbance in the Project area, it is not anticipated that human
remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries, would be encountered during earth
removal or ground-disturbing activities.
However, if human remains are found, those remains would require proper treatment, in accordance with
applicable laws and MM CUL-1. The California Health and Safety Code (HSC) Sections 7050.5, no further
disturbance shall occur until the County Coroner has made a determination of origin and disposition
pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 5097.98. The County Coroner must be notified of the find
immediately. If the remains are determined to be prehistoric, the Coroner will notify the NAHC, which will
determine and notify a Most Likely Descendant (MLD). With the permission of the landowner or his/her
authorized representative, the MLD may inspect the site of the discovery. The MLD shall complete the
inspection within 48 hours of notification by the NAHC. As such, impacts would be less than significant
with the incorporation of MM CUL-1.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
See MM CUL-1 above.
Cumulative Cultural Resources Impacts
Implementation of Mitigation Measures CUL-1 through CUL-3 would ensure the Project would not create
significant and unavoidable cultural resources impacts.
As discussed above, there is a low potential for undiscovered archaeological resources to be adversely
impacted during Project construction. Cumulative projects could involve actions that damage known or
undiscovered archaeological cultural resources specific to those development sites. However, as with the
Project, all future cumulative development within the City would undergo environmental and design
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 63 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
review on a project-by-project basis pursuant to CEQA to evaluate potential impacts to cultural resources.
This would include historical and archaeological studies for future project sites. Additionally, cumulative
development would be subject to compliance with the established Federal, State, and local regulatory
framework concerning the protection of cultural resources on a project-by-project basis. Where
significant or potentially significant impacts are identified, mitigation would be implemented and required
to reduce impact significance. The Project’s cumulative impacts to archaeological cultural resources would
be less than significant given compliance with the established regulatory framework, mitigation measures,
and standard conditions of approval.
As concluded above, human remains could potentially be revealed during Project construction activities;
however, a less than significant impact would occur in this regard following compliance with the
established State regulatory framework and conditions of approval. Cumulative development could
impact previously undiscovered human remains during construction. However, as previously mentioned,
all cumulative development would undergo environmental review on a project-by-project basis to
evaluate the site-specific archaeological sensitivity. The Project’s cumulative impacts concerning the
potential to encounter human remains would be less than significant because the Project would comply
to the established regulatory framework.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact regarding disturbance of human
remains with adherence to Public Resources Code Section 5097.98 and MM CUL-1 which would require
revisions to the previously approved FEIR, worsen impacts identified in the FEIR requiring mitigation, or
discover information that was not known at the time of the FEIR adoption. The CRA did not find new
potentially significant impacts associated with the Project regarding historical or archaeological resource,
or human remains; therefore, no MMs are required, but the Project must comply with any applicable state
regulation pertaining to human remains.
Overall Cultural Resources Impacts Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to cultural resources.
Therefore, the preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 64 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.6 Geology, Soils, and Seismicity
4.6.1 Summary of Previous Environmental Analysis
The FEIR concluded that implementation of the Fontana GP Update would not result in significant impacts
relative to geology, soils, and seismicity, and no mitigation was identified as necessary to reduce potential
impacts.
Would the project create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the exposure of
people or structures to potential substantial adverse effects involving risk of loss, injury or death
involving rupture of a known earthquake fault or strong seismic shaking or seismic-related ground
failure or landslides? Or result in substantial soil erosion?
The GPU EIR indicates that the GPU guides the planning of new walkable mixed-use land categories, which
promotes development that may result in potential exposure to geologic hazards greater than current
conditions. Compliance with federal, state, county, and local regulations relating to the geologic hazards,
including the California Building Code (CBC), International Building Code (IBC), and Local Hazard Mitigation
Plan (LHMP), would reduce the potential risk of potential impacts from geologic hazards to a less than
significant level. The GPU also includes goals and associated policies and actions which would further
reduce risks from geologic hazards:
Goal 4: Seismic injury and loss of life, property damage, and other impacts caused by seismic
shaking, fault rupture, ground failure, earthquake-induced landslides, and other earthquake-
induced ground deformation are minimized in the city of Fontana.
Goal 9: The City maintains regulations, plans, protocols and emergency training to reduce hazards
and risks and to meet state and federal requirements for emergency assistance. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.5-
7).
Would the project be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable our would become unstable, or
potentially result in a potentially significant risk from on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading,
subsidence, liquefaction, or collapse? Would the project be located in an area of expansive soils?
The GPU EIR analysis found that given the relatively stable geology and soils within the City, it is unlikely
that there would be a potential risk that represents a significant change or increase from the conditions
that are currently present. Also, compliance with federal, state, and local regulations, including the CBC
and LHMP, would minimize the risks associated with the potential risk from landslides, subsidence,
liquefaction, or collapse relative to existing conditions. Overall, the GPU Planning Area would not be
located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable. In addition, the GPU includes goals, policies, and actions
would further reduce risks from geologic hazards (see goals 4 and 9). Accordingly, impacts would be less
than significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.5-10).
Would the project have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative
wastewater disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of wastewater?
According to the GPU EIR analysis, the City has limited septic systems and given the relatively stable
geology and soils within the City, it is unlikely that there would be a potential risk that represents a
significant change or increase from the conditions that are currently present. Overall, the City is served by
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 65 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
a sewer system and the use of septic systems or other alternative wastewater disposal systems would be
managed on a case-by-case basis. Impacts would be less than significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.5-10).
Cumulative GPU Geology, Soils, and Seismicity Impacts
Future development within the Planning Area would increase the number of people exposed to
earthquake-induced ground-shaking and other seismically induced ground hazards, such as liquefaction.
The context for assessing cumulative geologic impacts is regional, considering the majority of California is
subject to some type of geologic hazard. The specific types and extent of geologic hazards and constraints
are due to localized conditions that are routinely addressed at the project-level of analysis. The General
Plan Update includes policies related to risk management from natural disasters. Therefore, cumulative
geologic hazards impacts would not be cumulatively considerable (GPU EIR, pg. 7-3).
Analysis of Proposed Project
A Preliminary Geotechnical Exploration of the site was conducted by ENGEO Incorporated in April 2024.
The findings are summarized herein, and the technical study is provided as Appendix D of this Addendum
EIR.
Threshold (a) Directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk loss,
injury, or death involving:
(i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-
Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or
based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? Refer to Division of Mines
and Geology Special Publication 42.
(ii) Strong seismic ground shaking?
(iii) Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction?
(iv) Landslides?
(v) Erosion or loss of topsoil?
Faulting and Seismicity
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts from geologic hazards to be less
than significant. Refer to Section 4.6.1, above, for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 66 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
The Alquist-Priolo Zones Special Studies Act defines active faults as those that have experienced surface
displacement or movement during the last 11,000 years. The intensity of ground shaking would depend
upon the magnitude of the earthquake, distance to the epicenter, and the geology of the area between
the epicenter and the Project site.
According to the Fontana GP FEIR, although several earthquake faults exist within and in proximity to the
City, none exist beneath the Project site. The geotechnical investigation determined that the site is not
located in an Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone and therefore, ground rupture at the site due to faulting
is not considered likely. Furthermore, the California Department of Conservation (DOC) shows on their
interactive map Data Viewer that the Project site is not located within an Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault
Hazard Zone.10
According to the Fontana GP EIR, the City area contains five active fault zones: San Jacinto, Chino, Whittier-
Elsinore, San Andreas, and Cucamonga/ Sierra Madre. The nearest active fault zone to the Project is the
Cucamonga/ Sierra Madre fault zone, located approximately 1.5 miles northwest of the Project site. It has
been determined in the Fontana GP EIR, that although seismic risk is not considered greater than that of
surrounding areas, damage from potential ground shaking is considered significant as the City is located
within Seismic Zone Four, meaning there have been recent high levels of seismicity.
The Project would be subject to adherence to standard engineering practices and design criteria relative
to seismic and geologic hazards, in accordance with the 2022 California Building Code (CBC) which was
adopted on January 1, 2023. The CBC includes detailed design requirements related to structural design,
soils and foundations, and grading to ensure that public safety risks due to seismic shaking are minimized
to levels below significant.
Liquefaction and Landslides
Liquefaction occurs when loose, saturated, generally fine sands and silts are subjected to strong ground
shaking. The site has not been evaluated by the California Geological Survey for liquefaction hazards;
however, due to the lack of shallow groundwater and given the medium to very dense nature of the
formational materials beneath the project site, the potential for liquefaction to occur on-site is considered
low. This impact determination is consistent with the Fontana GP EIR.
The Project site is relatively level as it ranges from approximately 1,599 feet AMSL to 1,625 AMSL.
Additionally, the Project is located approximately 1.4 miles southeast of the San Gabriel Mountains, the
nearest major sloping feature. As such, risk involving landslides is considered low and impacts would be
less than significant.
Erosion and Topsoil
The Project site consists of approximately 27.3 net acres (28.4 gross acres) of vacant and previously
disturbed land. Project construction would require the removal of all organic material on-site. During
construction, the Project site would feature exposed soils, which would be susceptible to erosion. To
reduce potential impacts associated with topsoil erosion, a Project-specific Water Pollution Control Plan
(WPCP) would be prepared, which would include erosion control BMPs to reduce potential impacts. Loss
of topsoil during the operation phase of the Project would occur during landscaping maintenance.
10 DOC. 2024. Data Viewer DOC Maps. https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/DataViewer/ (accessed January 2025).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 67 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
The Project would implement the earthwork standards/guidelines during ground-disturbing activities (i.e.,
clearing, excavations, subgrade preparations, fill, etc.) set in the geotechnical investigation and would be
required to comply with all requirements set forth in the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
(NPDES) permit for construction activities (e.g., implementation of Best Management Practices [BMPs]
through preparation of a Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan [SWPPP]) to minimize erosion and loss of
topsoil to less than significant levels. Compliance with the NPDES is a condition of approval which would
be verified through the building plan check process. Overall, impacts would be less than significant.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact to geologic and soil resources which
would require revisions to the previously approved FEIR, worsen impacts identified in the FEIR requiring
mitigation, or discover information that was not known at the time of the FEIR adoption. The Project is
consistent with the FEIR. Project implementation would not expose people or structures to abnormal
seismic ground shaking, ground failure or liquefaction, or landslides; therefore, no impact would occur
from Project implementation.
Threshold (b) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as
a result of the Project, and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral
spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts from geologic hazards to be less
than significant. Refer to Section 4.6.1, above, for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
It is not anticipated that the Project site would become unstable as a result of the Project, or potentially
result in an on-site or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, or collapse. The
Preliminary Geotechnical Exploration determined the Project site is not located on an unstable geologic
unit. Compliance with all regulations in the 2022 California Building Code (CBC) would provide adequate
provisions to ensure Project site stability. As such, impacts would be less than significant, and No
mitigation measures were recommended.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 68 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact to geologic and soil resources which
would require revisions to the previously approved FEIR, worsen impacts identified in the FEIR requiring
mitigation, or discover information that was not known at the time of the FEIR adoption. There are no
new potentially significant impacts associated with the Project; therefore, no new mitigation measures
are required for issues related to on- or off-site landslides, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, or
collapse.
Threshold (c) Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18-1-B of the Uniform Building Code,
creating substantial direct or indirect risks to life or property?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts from geologic hazards to be less
than significant. Refer to Section 4.6.1, above, for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project site is underlain with newer Alluvial fan deposits, and loose to medium density silty sand in
the upper 1-3 feet of the site and dense to very dense silty sand below. Loose soil may undergo excessive
settlement without mitigation. The Project would include a project design feature to implement
recommendations from ENGEO Incorporated to improve soil stability through over excavating and
recompacting the Project site; this project design feature would also be required by Project Design Feature
(PDF) GEO-1. Soils which underlie the Project site include Soboba soil with 0 to 9 percent slopes (SoC). SoC
soils typically are well drained gravelly loamy sand and may be subject to expansion. The Project would
comply with seismic requirements included in the 2022 CBC. As determined by the Preliminary
Geotechnical Exploration, expansive soil risk can be further reduced through using a rigid mat foundation
that is designed to resist the settlement and heave of expansive soil, deepening the foundations to below
the zone of moisture fluctuation, i.e., by using deep footings or drilled piers, and using footings at normal
shallow depths but bottomed on a layer of select fill having a low expansion potential. The ENGEO
Incorporated Preliminary Geotechnical Exploration report determined that the presence of expansive soils
within the Village FBC area poses a potentially significant impact; however, with implementation of PDF
GEO-1, impacts would be reduced to a level of less than significant.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 69 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Project Design Feature
PDF GEO-1 Based on subsurface soil conditions, mitigation of the loose soil top layer by over excavating
and recompacting the site is required. It is required that General fill and Pavement
Subgrades are at least two percentage points over optimum. It is required that the Project
use PT mat foundations with a minimum of 12 inches engineered fill.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact to expansive soils which would
require revisions to the previously approved FEIR, worsen impacts identified in the FEIR requiring
mitigation, or discover information that was not known at the time of the FEIR adoption. The Project is
located on potentially, expansive soils; with the Project’s inclusion of the PDF noted above, there would
be a less than significant regarding expansive soils.
Threshold (d) Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative
wastewater disposal systems where sewer are not available for the disposal of waste
water?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts from geologic hazards to be less
than significant. Refer to Section 4.6.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not involve the use of alternative wastewater disposal systems as the Project would be
connected to the municipal sewer. No septic tanks would be used as part of the Project. Septic systems
are not expected to be encountered during Project construction. As such, no impacts associated with the
use of septic tanks would occur as part of the Project’s implementation.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 70 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact to soils incapable of adequately
supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems which would require
revisions to the previously approved FEIR, worsen impacts identified in the FEIR requiring mitigation, or
discover information that was not known at the time of the FEIR adoption. There are no new potentially
significant impacts associated with the Project regarding septic tanks or wastewater disposal systems;
therefore, no new and/or refined mitigation measures are required.
Threshold (e) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique
geologic feature?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts to paleontological resources to
be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.5.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Fontana GP EIR concluded that future developments within Fontana GP area boundaries would not
directly or indirectly result in significant impacts on a unique paleontological resource or site or unique
geologic feature. The Project site is underlain by younger Holocene (Qa) alluvium11 and as such, a
possibility for paleontological resources to be discovered is considered minimal. The FEIR included MM
CUL-4 and CUL-5 to minimize impacts to paleontological resources. However, these mitigation measures
would not apply to the proposed Project as onsite discovery of paleontological resources is considered
low. As such, impacts would be less than significant.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR are applicable to the proposed Project.
Conclusion
The Project would result in a less than significant impact concerning paleontological resources.
11 Dibblee, T.W., and Minch, J.A. 2003 Geologic Map of the Devore Quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California. Dibblee Geological
Foundation. Dibblee Foundation Map DF-105.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 71 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Cumulative Geology, Soils, and Seismicity Impacts
Southern California is a seismically active region with a range of geologic and soil conditions. These
conditions can vary widely within a limited geographical area due to factors, including differences in
landforms and proximity to fault zones, among others. Development projects are analyzed on an
individual basis and are subject to compliance with all applicable federal, State, and local laws and
regulations.
Impacts associated with seismic events and soil hazards would be considered significant if the effects of
an earth movement on a property could not be mitigated by an engineered solution. The significance
criteria do not require elimination of the potential for structural damage from seismic hazards. Instead,
the criteria require an evaluation of whether the seismic conditions on a site can be overcome through
engineering design solutions that would reduce to less than significant the substantial risk of exposing
people or structures to loss, injury, or death. As stated throughout this section, the Project’s compliance
with PDF GEO-1, and applicable State and local design standards and regulations would ensure that
impacts related to geology and soils are reduced to less than significant levels.
Furthermore, development of the Project site, as well as all future projects would be required to be
constructed in accordance with the latest edition of the CBC and to adhere to all current earthquake and
earth movement construction standards, including those relating to soil characteristics. Therefore, no
elements of this Project would contribute to any cumulatively considerable geologic and/or soils impacts.
Therefore, cumulative effects of increased seismic risk would be less than significant.
Overall Geology and Soils Impacts Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to geology and soils.
Therefore, the preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 72 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.7 Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Climate Change)
4.7.1 Summary of Previous Environmental Analysis
The Fontana GP EIR concluded that implementation of the Fontana GP would result in less than significant
impacts with mitigation impacts relative to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This analysis evaluates
construction and operational impacts associated with the Project relative to thresholds provided in the
FEIR, as well as the updated Environmental Checklist Form.
Would the project generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a
significant impact on the environment?
The FEIR states that construction-related GHG emissions typically contribute less than one percent to a
project’s annual greenhouse gas emissions inventory and mitigation for construction-related emissions is
not effective in reducing a project’s overall contribution to climate change, given how small of a piece of
the total emissions construction emissions are.
According to the CARB’s 2017 Climate Change Scoping Plan, the transportation sector remains the largest
source of GHG emissions in the State, accounting for 37% of the inventory (CARB 2017). The 9% reduction
in daily total vehicle miles traveled under buildout for the GPU would have a substantial reduction in
overall greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, impacts would be considered less than significant. (GPU EIR,
pg. 5.6-13).
Would the project conflict with an applicable plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purposes of
reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases?
CARB’s 2017 Scoping Plan identifies strategies to reduce California’s greenhouse gas emissions in support
of AB32. Many of the strategies identified in the Scoping Plan are not applicable at the General Plan or
project-level, such as long-term technological improvements to reduce emissions from vehicles. Some
measures are applicable and supported by the project. Finally, while some measures are not directly
applicable, the project would not conflict with their implementation.
The GPU will not conflict with the implementation of regional transportation-related GHG targets outlined
in SCAG’s RTP/SCS because the land use modifications and reduction in VMT would result in lower
emissions than those forecasted in the RTP/SCS. The GPU supports the Scoping Plan through energy
efficiency, green building, recycling/waste, and water conservation through these proposed goals,
objectives, and policies, in addition to those listed in Section 4.3.1 (Air Quality). Potential impacts would
be less than significant.
In addition, parts of the City of Fontana have been identified as disadvantaged communities, although the
proposed Project site is not located within an area identified as disadvantaged. These disadvantaged
communities are anticipated to receive funding for air quality improvements from funds collected by the
State for the cap-and-trade program (AB 32). This would further reduce air pollution and GHGs in the City,
coupled with the GHG reductions associated with the GPU. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.6-20).
Cumulative GPU Greenhouse Gas Emissions Impacts
Development that occurs as a result of implementation of the General Plan Update would include
activities that emit greenhouse gases over the short- and long-term. Individual projects can contribute
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 73 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
cumulatively to greenhouse gas emissions that result in climate change. Pursuant to General Plan policies,
CEQA, and SCAQMD regulations, individual future development projects would be required to perform
project-specific air quality analyses to determine potential impacts and mitigation measures to ensure
individual projects would not result in short- or long-term climate change impacts. The General Plan
Update will not conflict with the implementation of regional transportation-related GHG targets outlined
in SCAG’s RTP/SCS because the land use modifications and predicted 9% reduction in vehicle miles
traveled will result in lower emissions than those forecasted in the RTP/SCS, nor would it conflict with any
of the other provisions of the Scoping Plan or applicable regulation related to GHG reductions. Potential
impacts would therefore be less than significant (GPU EIR, pg. 7-4).
4.7.2 Analysis of Proposed Project
This analysis evaluates construction and operational impacts associated with the Project relative to
thresholds provided in the FEIR, as well as the updated Environmental Checklist Form. Refer to
Appendix A1, Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Consistency Analysis.
Background
Global climate change refers to changes in average climatic conditions on Earth as a whole, including
temperature, wind patterns and precipitation. Global temperatures are moderated by naturally occurring
atmospheric gases, including water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O),
as well as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). These
“greenhouse” gases (GHGs) allow solar radiation (sunlight) into the Earth’s atmosphere but prevent
radiative heat from escaping, thus warming the Earth’s atmosphere. GHGs are emitted by both natural
processes and human activities. Concentrations of GHG have increased in the atmosphere since the
Industrial Revolution. Human activities that generate GHG emissions include combustion of fossil fuels
(CO2 and N2O); natural gas generated from landfills, fermentation of manure and cattle farming (CH4); and
industrial processes such as nylon and nitric acid production (N2O).
GHGs have varying global warming potential (GWP). The GWP is the potential of a gas or aerosol to trap
heat in the atmosphere; it is the “cumulative radiative forcing effect of a gas over a specified time horizon
resulting from the emission of a unit mass of gas relative to a reference gas.” The reference gas for GWP
is CO2; therefore, CO2 has a GWP factor of 1. The other main GHGs that have been attributed to human
activity include CH4, which has a GWP factor of 28, and N2O, which has a GWP factor of 265. When
accounting for GHGs, all types of GHG emissions are expressed in terms of CO 2 equivalents (CO2e) and are
typically quantified in metric tons (MT) or million metric tons (MMT).
Assembly Bill (AB) 32, the California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006, established a State goal of
reducing GHG emissions to 1990 levels by the year 2020, which would require a reduction of
approximately 173 MMT net CO2e below “business as usual” emission levels. Senate Bill (SB) 97, a
companion bill, directed the California Natural Resources Agency (Resources Agency) to certify and adopt
guidelines for the mitigation of GHGs or the effects of GHG emissions. SB 97 was the State Legislature’s
directive to the Resources Agency to specifically establish that GHG emissions and their impacts are
appropriate subjects for CEQA analysis. Executive Order (EO) S-3-05 was enacted in June 2005 and calls
for an 80 percent reduction below 1990 levels by 2050. SB 32 was signed into law in 2016 and establishes
an interim GHG emission reduction goal for the State to reduce GHG emissions to 40 percent below 1990
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 74 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
levels by the year 2030. Additionally, AB 1279 sets goal for carbon neutrality and to reduce anthropogenic
GHG emissions by 85 percent below 1990 levels by 2045.
Threshold (a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a
significant impact on the environment.
No New or More Severe Significant Impact:
The GPU EIR found impacts related to GHG emissions to be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.7.1 for
a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
GHG Thresholds
The methodology for evaluating the Project’s GHG impacts focuses on the GHG numerical significance
threshold and the Project’s consistency with statewide, regional, and local plans adopted for the purpose
of reducing and/or mitigating GHG emissions. The City of Fontana has not established screening threshold
for GHGs. Because the Fontana GP EIR determined that GHG emissions associated with implementation
of the General Plan Update would result in less than significant impacts, this analysis uses the Fontana GP
EIR residential land use emission factors to determine the Project’s GHG significance. If the project results
in a reduction in GHG emissions when compared to the Fontana GP EIR residential land use emission
factors, a less than significant impact would occur. As a land use development project, the most directly
applicable adopted regulatory plan to reduce GHG emissions is the SCAG 2024-2050 Regional
Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy (RTP/SCS), which is designated to achieve regional
GHG reductions from the land use and transportation sectors as required by SB 375 and the State’s long-
term climate goals. This analysis also considers consistency with CARB’s 2022 Scoping Plan for Achieving
Carbon Neutrality (2022 Scoping Plan). The Project would result in a potentially significant impact related
to GHG emissions if it conflicted with the GHG threshold or implementation of any local or regional plans
and polices adopted for the purposes of reducing GHG emissions and mitigating the effects of climate
change.
Construction GHG Emissions
Project construction activities would generate direct CO2, N2O, and CH4 emissions from construction
equipment, transport of materials, and construction workers commuting to and from the Project site.
Construction GHG emissions are typically summed and amortized over a 30-year period. Total GHG
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 75 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
emissions generated during all construction phases were combined and are presented in Table 8: Project
Construction GHG Emissions. The CalEEMod outputs are contained within Appendix A1. As shown in
Table 8, Project construction-related GHG emissions would total 2,015 MTCO2e (approximately 67
MTCO2e/year when amortized over 30 years). Once construction is complete, construction-related GHG
emissions would cease. Project construction-related GHG emissions would contribute unsubstantially to
the Project’s annual GHG emissions and impacts would be less than significant. Project GHG impacts are
within the limit of impacts identified in the Fontana GP EIR.
Table 8: Project Construction GHG Emissions
Construction Year MTCO2e
2025 925
2026 1,090
Total Construction Emissions 2,015
30-Year Amortized Construction 67
MTCO2e = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per year
Source: Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Consistency Analysis. 2025. (Appendix A1).
Operational GHG Emissions
Operational long-term emissions would occur over the life of the Project. Direct operational GHG
emissions would occur from mobile sources (i.e., project-generated vehicular traffic) and area sources
(e.g., on-site natural gas combustion and landscaping equipment operations). Indirect operational GHG
emissions would occur from energy sources, such as off-site generation of electrical power, the energy
required to convey water to, and wastewater from the project, and emissions associated with Project-
generated solid waste and any fugitive refrigerants from air conditioning or refrigerators.
The Fontana GP EIR utilized “Area & Energy” and “Mobile” land use-specific GHG emissions factors to
determine the General Plan Update GHG emissions. Table 9: Difference in GHG Emissions from Proposed
Project Compared to General Plan Update summarizes the Fontana GP EIR residential land use emission
factors, Project residential land use emission factors, and the Project net difference; refer to CalEEMod
outputs in Appendix A1. The Project residential land use emission factors were calculated based on the
CalEEMod output annual GHG emissions divided by the Project acreage (i.e., 28.4 acres). When compared
to Fontana GP EIR GHG emissions, the Project would result in an area and energy emission factor GHG
reduction of 8.96 MTCO2e per acre and a mobile GHG emission factor reduction of 37.10 MTCO2e per
acre; refer to Table 9. The Project would result in a net reduction in GHG emissions when compared to
the General Plan Update and impacts would be less than significant.
It should be noted that the Project’s GHG emissions shown in Table 9 conservatively do not include
installation of solar panels in compliance with Title 24 building standards. With installation of solar panels,
the Project’s energy GHG emissions would be reduced by approximately 73 percent. Therefore, the
Project would fulfill Fontana GP EIR mitigation measure MM GHG-1 to reduce non-mobile GHG emissions
by 28.5 percent. Project GHG impacts are within the limit of impacts identified in the Fontana GP EIR.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 76 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Table 9: Difference in GHG Emissions from Proposed Project Compared to General Plan Update
Scenario
Area & Energy Operation Phase
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
(MTCO2e /Year/Acre)
Mobile Operation Phase
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
(MTCO2e /Year/Acre)1
Fontana GP EIR - Residential Land Use 62.82 163.20
Project - Residential Land Use 53.86 126.10
Project Net Difference -8.96 -37.10
MTCO2e = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per year
1. Mobile emissions include incorporation of CalEEMod Measure T-1, Increase Residential Density, to account for the Project’s 21.2
dwelling units per acre.
Source: Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Consistency Analysis. 2025. (Appendix A1).
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
MM GHG-1 Prior to the issuance of building permits, future development projects shall demonstrate
the incorporation of project design features that achieve a minimum of 28.5 percent
reduction in GHG emissions from non-mobile sources as compared to business as usual
conditions. With regard to expansions/modifications of existing facilities, this mitigation
measure shall be applied to the resulting incremental net increase in enclosed floor area.
Future projects shall include, but not be limited to, the following list of potential design
features (which include measures for reducing GHG emissions related to Transportation
and Motor Vehicles).
Energy Efficiency
Design buildings to be energy efficient and exceed Title 24 requirements by at least 5
percent.
Install efficient lighting and lighting control systems. Site and design building to take
advantage of daylight.
Use trees, landscaping and sun screens on west and south exterior building walls to
reduce energy use. Install light colored “cool” roofs and cool pavements.
Provide information on energy management services for large energy users.
Install energy efficient heating and cooling systems, appliances and equipment, and
control systems (e.g., minimum of Energy Star rated equipment).
Implement design features to increase the efficiency of the building envelope (i.e.,
the barrier between conditioned and unconditioned spaces).
Install light emitting diodes (LEDs) for traffic, street and other outdoor lighting.
Limit the hours of operation of outdoor lighting.
Renewable Energy
Install solar panels on carports and over parking areas. Ensure all industrial buildings
are designed to have “solar ready” roofs.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 77 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Use combined heat and power in appropriate applications.
Water Conservation and Efficiency
Create water-efficient landscapes with a preference for a xeriscape landscape palette.
Install water-efficient irrigation systems and devices, such as soil moisture-based
irrigation controls.
Design buildings to be water-efficient. Install water-efficient fixtures and appliances
(e.g., EPA WaterSense labeled products).
Restrict watering methods (e.g., prohibit systems that apply water to non-vegetated
surfaces) and control runoff.
Restrict the use of water for cleaning outdoor surfaces and vehicles.
Implement low-impact development practices that maintain the existing hydrologic
character of the site to manage storm water and protect the environment. (Retaining
storm water runoff on-site can drastically reduce the need for energy-intensive
imported water at the site).
Devise a comprehensive water conservation strategy appropriate for the project and
location. The strategy may include many of the specific items listed above, plus other
innovative measures that are appropriate to the specific project.
Provide education about water conservation and available programs and incentives.
Solid Waste Measures
Reuse and recycle construction and demolition waste (including, but not limited to,
soil, vegetation, concrete, lumber, metal, and cardboard).
Provide interior and exterior storage areas for recyclables and green waste and
adequate recycling containers located in public areas.
Provide education and publicity about reducing waste and available recycling
services.
Transportation and Motor Vehicles
Limit idling time for commercial vehicles, including delivery and construction vehicles.
Promote ride sharing programs (e.g., by designating certain percentage of parking
spaces for ride sharing vehicles, designating adequate passenger loading and
unloading and waiting areas for ride sharing vehicles, and providing a web site or
message board for coordinating rides).
Create local “light vehicle” networks, such as neighborhood electric vehicle (NEV)
systems.
Provide the necessary facilities and infrastructure to encourage the use of low or zero-
emission vehicles (e.g., electric vehicle charging facilities and conveniently located
alternative fueling stations).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 78 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Promote “least polluting” ways to connect people and goods to their destinations.
Incorporate bicycle lanes and routes into street systems, new subdivisions, and large
developments.
Incorporate bicycle-friendly intersections into street design.
For commercial projects, provide adequate bicycle parking near building entrances to
promote cyclist safety, security, and convenience. For large employers, provide
facilities that encourage bicycle commuting (e.g., locked bicycle storage or covered or
indoor bicycle parking).
Create bicycle lanes and walking paths directed to the location of schools, parks, and
other destination points.
Conclusion
The Project would result in a less than significant impact to climate change as a result of the generation
of GHG emissions. As shown in Table 8 and Table 9 above, GHG emissions are within the emissions
disclosed in the Fontana GP FEIR. No new impact or increase in the severity of an identified impact would
therefore occur with implementation of the Project and MM GHG-1.
Threshold (b) Conflict with an applicable plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of
reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases.
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts GHG plan conflict to be less than
significant. Refer to Section 4.7.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The following discussion analyzes the Project’s consistency with the SCAG RTP/SCS and CARB Scoping Plan.
SCAG RTP/SCS Consistency
On April 4, 2024, SCAG’s Regional Council adopted Connect SoCal (2024 - 2050 Regional Transportation
Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy [RTP/SCS]). The RTP/SCS is a long-range visioning plan that
balances future mobility and housing needs with economic, environmental, and public health goals. The
RTP/SCS is a long-range visioning plan that balances future mobility and housing needs with economic,
environmental, and public health goals. The RTP/SCS embodies a collective vision for the region’s future
and is developed with input from local governments, county transportation commissions, tribal
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 79 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
governments, nonprofit organizations, businesses, and local stakeholders in the counties of Imperial, Los
Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, and Ventura. Under SB 375, SCAG’s RTP/SCS establishes GHG
emissions goals to reduce GHG emissions in the region by eight percent from 2005 levels by 2020 and by
19 percent by 2035.
The RTP/SCS is supported by a combination of transportation and land use strategies that help the region
achieve state GHG emissions reduction goals and FCAA requirements, increased housing production,
improved equity and resilience, the preservation of natural lands, improvement of public health,
increased transportation safety, support for the region’s vital goods movement industries and more
efficient use of resources. GHG emissions resulting from development-related mobile sources are the
most potent source of emissions. The Fontana GP EIR determined the General Plan Update would not
conflict with the implementation of regional transportation-related GHG targets outlined in SCAG’s
RTP/SCS because the land use modifications and reduction in vehicle miles traveled would result in lower
emissions than those forecasted in the RTP/SCS. As shown in Table 9, the Project would result in lower
mobile source GHG emissions when compared to the Fontana GP EIR, and as discussed elsewhere in this
document the Project is consistent with the use and intensity studied for the Project site in the General
Plan. Therefore, the Project would not conflict with RTP/SCS GHG targets and impacts would be less than
significant.
CARB Scoping Plan Consistency
CARB’s 2022 Scoping Plan for Achieving Carbon Neutrality (Scoping Plan), adopted December 15, 2022,
sets a path to achieve targets for carbon neutrality and reduce anthropogenic GHG emissions by 85
percent below 1990 levels by 2045 in accordance with AB 1279. The Project would benefit from the State
targets set forth within the Scoping Plan. As the Project’s GHG emissions would be below the Fontana GP
EIR GHG emission factors, the Project would not interfere with the State’s goals for reducing GHG
emissions as determined by the Fontana GP EIR; refer to Table 9.
Approximately 92 percent of the Project’s emissions are from energy and mobile sources which would be
further reduced by implementation of current State programs. It should be noted that the Project and the
City have no control over vehicle emissions (approximately 66 percent of the Project’s total emissions).
However, these emissions would decline in the future due to statewide measures including the reduction
in the carbon content of fuels, CARB’s advanced clean car program, CARB’s mobile source strategy, fuel
efficiency standards, cleaner technology, and fleet turnover. Accordingly, the Project does not interfere
with the State’s efforts to reduce GHG emissions.
Project operations would benefit from the implementation of current and potential future energy
regulations including the SB 100 renewable electricity portfolio target of 60 percent renewable energy by
2030. SB 100 also established a further goal to have an electric grid that is entirely powered by clean
energy by 2045.
Further, the Project is required to comply with all building codes in effect at the time of construction which
include energy conservation measures mandated by Title 24 of the California Building Standards Code –
Energy Efficiency Standards. Title 24 is part of the State's plans and regulations for reducing emissions of
GHGs to meet and exceed AB 32 and SB 32 energy reduction goals. Because Title 24 standards require
energy conservation features in new construction, they help reduce GHG emissions. Building Energy
Efficiency Standards are updated on an approximately three-year cycle and the most recent 2022
standards went into effect January 1, 2023. The Project would be required to comply with the latest
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 80 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
applicable version of the Building Energy Efficiency Standards. Therefore, the Project would be consistent
with the Scoping Plan and impacts would be less than significant.
Measures from the Final EIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would not conflict with an applicable plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of
reducing the emissions of GHGs resulting in a less than significant impact. Therefore, a less than significant
impact would occur.
Cumulative Greenhouse Gas Emissions Impacts
Similar to the findings of the Fontana GP EIR, the proposed Project would not generate significant and
unavoidable impacts. Emissions associated with construction and operation of the proposed Project
would not exceed the SCAQMD thresholds and would be consistent with SCAQMD’s AQMPs. There would
not be a cumulatively considerable net increase in greenhouse gas impacts. As a result, the proposed
Project would not result in any new or more severe cumulative impacts than previously analyzed in the
Fontana GP EIR.
Overall Greenhouse Gas Emissions Impacts Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to greenhouse gas emissions.
Therefore, the preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 81 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.8 Hazards and Hazardous Materials
4.8.1 Summary of Previous Environmental Analysis
The FEIR concluded that implementation of the Fontana GP would not result in significant impacts relative
to hazards and hazardous materials with implementation of the below referenced FEIR MMs. Additionally,
a Project site-specific Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (ESA; March 21, 2024) was prepared for the
Project by ENGEO Incorporated and therefore incorporated as Appendix E of this Addendum EIR.
Would the project create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine
transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials;
Would the project create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably
foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the
environment; or
Would the project be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled
pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to
the public or the environment?
The GPU EIR found that no new development under the GPU is proposed in locations that are currently
identified on the Cortese List. New uses would be introduced in the City; industrial land uses expanded;
and new residential and mixed-use development proposed; thereby, incrementally increasing the use and
disposal of commercial and household hazardous materials. There is also an increased potential for spills
and accidents involving hazardous materials, as well as the discovery of yet to be discovered
contamination. However, compliance with federal, state, county, and local regulations relating to the use,
storage, handling, transport, and disposal of hazardous materials and contamination would reduce the
potential risk of hazardous materials exposure to a less than significant level. The GPU also includes goals
with associated policies and action to further reduce of improper use, storage, and/or transport of
hazardous materials. These goals include having a dependable means of disposing of hazardous waste;
reducing hazardous contamination in the City; and maintaining regulations, plans, protocols and
emergency training to reduce hazards and risks and to meet state and federal requirements for
emergency assistance. Overall, impacts would be less than significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.7-5).
Would the project emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials,
substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school?
The GPU EIR found that development under the GPU may result in the new use or emission of hazardous
or acutely hazardous materials within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school, given the wide
distribution of schools in the City. Waste may be generated and transported by future development, but
adherence to local, state, and federal code, including Chapter 6.95 of the State HSC and Section 17210 of
the State Education Code would minimize risks and impacts would be less than significant. (GPU EIR,
pg. 5.7-7).
Would the project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area for a
project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two
miles of a public airport or public use airport; or
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 82 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Would the project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area for a
project within the vicinity of a private airstrip?
There are no private airstrips located within or in the vicinity of the City. Therefore, no impact would occur
as a result of GPU implementation with respect to people residing or working in the vicinity of a private
airstrip. Proposed development under the GPU within the noise contours of the Airport Compatibility Plan
would be substantially similar to existing development (i.e., industrial uses). With adherence to existing
state and local regulations, impacts related to people residing or working within an airport land use plan
would be less than significant. In addition, Goal 1 of the Noise and Safety Element states “The City of
Fontana protects its sensitive land uses from excessive noise through diligent planning through 2035.”
(GPU EIR, pg. 5.7-8).
Would the project impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency
response plan or emergency evacuation plan?
Implementation of the GPU could generate increased residential/employee population in the City which
could in turn result in increased traffic that may cause local congestion that could increase response times
for emergency responders and delay evacuation in case of an emergency. Per the City’s LHMP, alternative
routes, secondary points of access, cul-de-sac turnarounds, and other features that improve circulation
are planned into development/redevelopment projects during the City's internal review process. The GPU
goals, policies, and actions are consistent with the LHMP. Goals, policies, and actions identified in the
Community Mobility and Circulation Element of the GPU are proposed to minimize traffic to the extent
possible, which could reduce impacts relative to interference with emergency response and evacuation
plans. Impacts were found to be less than significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.7-9).
Would the project expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving
wildland fires, including where wildlands are adjacent to urbanized areas or where residences are
intermixed with wildlands?
Per the GPU EIR, given the nature of the wildland/urban interface in the City, residential and other types
of development anticipated under the General Plan Update would result in a greater number of people
and structures that could be exposed to wildland fires. A Fire Hazard Overlay District (included in the City’s
Zoning and Development Code) in the northern and southern portions of the City are subject to
regulations to mitigate risk from wildfire. The overlay district provides requirements for fire resistive
construction, fuel modification areas, development property line setbacks, and vegetation clearances
from roadways and buildings. Goals related to urban fire protection include Goal 2: Fontana’s Fire
Department meets or exceeds state and national benchmarks for protection and responsiveness and Goal
7: Threats to public and private property from urban and wildland fire hazards are reduced in Fontana.
Through adherence to government regulations, the City’s Zoning and Development Code, and mitigation
in the LHMP, impacts would be less than significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.7-10).
Note, while the GPU EIR did not identify hazardous materials impacts that require mitigation, MM-HAZ-1
through -5 were included which includes best practices to be applied to future projects, as necessary, to
reduce impacts to less than significant levels.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 83 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Cumulative GPU Hazards and Hazardous Materials Impacts
Regulation of hazardous substances and wastes, including manufacturing, storage, processing,
transportation, and disposal activities, would continue to be governed mainly by Federal and State
agencies. The Fontana Fire Department would continue to conduct inspections and review hazardous
materials storage and containment provisions at local businesses. The General Plan Update would not
conflict with any such authorities or standard practices involving responses to hazardous materials
releases. General Plan Update land use and circulation policies would not provide for any new or more
dangerous types of hazardous materials or wastes to be generated, stored, or transported within the
planning area or outside of the City. The General Plan Update contains policies regarding hazardous
materials treatment, transport, handling, and disposal. Therefore, the General Plan Update determined it
would not result in a cumulatively considerable contribution to the regional increase in the use, transport,
disposal, or exposure to hazardous materials or wastes (GPU EIR, pg. 7-4).
4.8.2 Analysis of Proposed Project
Threshold (a) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine
transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to hazardous materials
to be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.8.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not involve the significant transport, use, and disposal of hazardous materials during
both short-term construction activities and long-term operation. Use of hazardous materials include, but
are not limited to the use of fuels, solvents, paints, and servicing construction equipment on the site.
These types of materials are not acutely hazardous, and all storage, handling, use, and disposal of these
materials are regulated by federal and State requirements, which the Project construction activities are
required to strictly adhere to. These regulations include the federal Occupational Safety and Health Act
and Hazardous Materials Transportation Act; Title 8 of the California Code of Regulations (CalOSHA), and
the State Unified Hazardous Waste and Hazardous Materials Management Regulatory Program. As a
result, routine transport and use of hazardous materials during construction would be less than
significant.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 84 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Long-term Project operations would not involve acutely hazardous materials for residential land uses. The
routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials would be limited to paints, landscape products,
and solvents used for maintenance and operation of the facility, including landscape maintenance. The
Project would be required to comply with all applicable federal, State, and local regulations, as permitted
by the Hazardous Materials Division of the San Bernardino County Fire Department to ensure proper use,
storage, and disposal of any hazardous substances. Overall, operation of the Project would result in a less
than significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of
hazardous materials with the implementation of MM HAZ-2 and MM HAZ-5 to ensure proper handling
and preparation of hazardous materials. MM HAZ-5 has already been met, as a site-specific Phase I
Environmental Site Assessment was prepared for the Project.
Mitigation from the FEIR
The following mitigation measures were identified from the FEIR to reduce impacts from hazards through
the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials.
MM HAZ-2 The City shall assure the continued response and capability of the San Bernardino County
Fire Department/Fontana Fire Protection District to handle hazardous materials incidents
in the City and along the sections of freeways that extend across the City.
MM HAZ-5 A Phase I Site Assessment shall be prepared in accordance with American Society of
Testing and Materials Standards and Standards for Practice for All Appropriate Inquiries
prior to issuance of a Grading Permit for future development. The Phase I Environmental
Site Assessment shall investigate the potential for site contamination, and will identify
Specific Recognized Environmental Conditions (i.e., asbestos containing materials, lead-
based paints, polychlorinated biphenyls, etc.) that may require remedial activities prior
to land acquisition or construction.
Conclusion
With Implementation of FEIR MMs HAZ-2 and HAZ-5, the Project’s impacts concerning significant hazards
from routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials would be less than significant. There are
no new potentially significant impacts associated with the Project; therefore, no new and/or refined
mitigation measures are required.
Threshold (b) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably
foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the likely release of hazardous
materials into the environment?
The GPU EIR found impacts related to hazardous materials to be less than significant. Refer to
Section 4.8.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 85 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
Phase I ESA Results
The Phase I ESA determined that the Project site contains no recognized environmental conditions (RECs),
no historical RECs, and no controlled RECs. The Phase I Environmental Site Assessment determined that
there is no documentation or physical evidence of soil, soil gas, or groundwater impairments associated
with the use or past use of the Project site. A review of regulatory databases maintained by county, State,
tribal, and federal agencies found no documentation of hazardous materials violations or discharge on
the Project site and did not identify contaminated facilities within the appropriate American Society for
Testing and Materials (ASTM) search distances that would reasonably be expected to impact the Project
site.
No New or More Severe Significant Impact:
The Project would implement Fontana GP FEIR MM HAZ-2 and MM HAZ-5 to ensure proper preparation
for hazardous materials to minimize hazardous materials impacts during construction. Furthermore, the
Project would also comply with existing federal, State, and local regulations to further mitigate the
number of hazards and hazardous materials emitted by the Project.
In accordance with FEIR mitigation and in case of accidental release of hazardous materials into the
environment, the City shall ensure that the continued response and capability of the Fontana Fire
Protection District and San Bernardino County Fire Department handle all hazardous materials incidents
in the City and along I-10 in compliance with MM HAZ-2. Short-term and long-term construction activities
within the Specific Plan Update area will not create a significant hazard to the public or environment.
Overall, no new impact or increase in the severity of an identified impact would therefore occur with
implementation of the Project.
Mitigation from the FEIR
See MM HAZ-2 and MM HAZ-5 above.
Conclusion
The Project would result in a less than significant impact as it pertains to upset and accident conditions
involving the release of hazardous materials with implementation of Fontana GP FEIR MM HAZ-2 and
MM HAZ-5.
Threshold (c) Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials,
substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to hazardous materials
to be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.8.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 86 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous materials, substances or waste
within one-quarter mile of a school site. Sierra Lakes Elementary School is located directly east of the
Project site across Citrus Avenue; however, hazardous materials other than common household supplies
that may be used periodically as directed by the manufacturer for operational maintenance of the multi-
family residential Project are not expected to be on site. The Project would comply with all federal, State
and local laws, regulations, and programs that govern the use, transport and/or disposal of hazardous
materials. Compliance with local, State and federal laws and regulations would reduce the risk of
hazardous material and emissions incidents to a less than significant impact. Therefore, the Project would
not create a significant hazard to existing or proposed school sites.
Mitigation from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact to as it pertains to emission or
hazardous materials release near a school. There are no new potentially significant impacts associated
with the Project. Therefore, no new and/or refined mitigation measures are required.
Threshold (d) Be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled
pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and as a result, would create a
significant hazard to the public or the environment?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to hazardous materials
to be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.8.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 87 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
According to the FEIR, there are various hazardous material sites recorded within Federal, State, and local
records databases. According to the California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC), the Project
site is not included on the Hazardous Waste and Substances Site List or Cortese List.12 Thus, impacts would
be less than significant.
Mitigation from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in a less than significant as it pertains to hazardous materials sites compiled
pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5.
Threshold (e) Result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area for a project
located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted,
within two miles of a public airport or public use airport?
Threshold (f) Result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area for a project
within the vicinity of a private airstrip?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to safety hazards to be
less than significant. Refer to Section 4.8.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project site is not located within an airport land use plan and is not located within two miles of an
airport or private airstrip. The closest airport to the Project site is the Ontario International Airport,
located approximately 9.4 miles southwest of the Project site. No new or more severe significant impacts
are anticipated from Project implementation.
12 California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC). Envirostor. 2024.
https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/map/?global_id=60003205. (Accessed January 2025).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 88 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Threshold (g) Impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response
plan or emergency evacuation plan?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to emergency
response/evacuation plans to be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.8.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR
analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The City’s Emergency Operations Plan indicates that Citrus and Summit Avenues would serve as
evacuation routes. Construction activities associated with the Project could temporarily impact street
traffic adjacent to the Project site during the construction phase due to roadway improvements within
the right-of-way. This could reduce the number of lanes or temporarily close certain street segments. Any
such impacts would be limited to the construction period and would affect only adjacent streets or
intersections. With adherence to the Fontana MC, temporary street closures would not affect emergency
access in the vicinity of the Project site, and impacts would be less than significant in this regard.
Vehicular access for the Project site would be provided via one unsignalized right-in-right-out (RIRO)
driveway on Summit Avenue, and one unsignalized left-out restricted driveway on Citrus Avenue. Both
driveways are located on straight and flat roadway segments. Given these conditions, intersection sight
distance, for the right-turn egress movement, is anticipated to be sufficient, as there are no obstructions
that would impede visibility. The alignment and topography lend to adequate intersection sight distance,
in accordance with the criteria outlined in the Caltrans Highway Design Manual.
Furthermore, the Project would be required to provide sufficient emergency access, as required by the
City’s Zoning Code. Additionally, the City’s Emergency Operations Plan complies with and relies on the
City’s Hazardous Materials Response Plan. Project features to ensure sufficient emergency access include
access via two driveways located on the eastern portion of the Project site along Citrus Avenue and one
on the northern portion of the Project site via Summit Avenue. These driveways would be designed to
allow full access movement for fire/emergency response vehicles to maneuver throughout the Project
site as shown in Figure 3: Conceptual Site Plan.
As such, the Project would not interfere with an adopted emergency response plan and/or the emergency
evacuation plan and less than significant impacts would occur. Accordingly, no new or more severe
significant impact from a previously identified significant impact evaluated in the FEIR would occur.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 89 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Mitigation from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project’s impacts to any applicable airport land use plans would be less than significant. There are no
new potentially significant impacts associated with the Project.
Threshold (h) Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving
wildland fires, including where wildlands are adjacent to urbanized areas or where
residences are intermixed with wildlands?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to wildland fires to be
less than significant. Refer to Section 4.8.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not expose people or structures to a risk of loss, injury or death involving wildland fires,
including where wildlands are adjacent to urbanized areas or where residences are intermixed with
wildlands. The Project site is located within an urbanized area and is surrounded by development on all
sides. According to CAL FIRE, the Project site is not located within or adjacent to land designated as a very
high fire hazard severity zone (VHFHSZ).13 Thus, impacts related to wildland fires would not be significant.
Accordingly, no new or more severe significant impact from a previously identified significant impact
evaluated in the FEIR would occur. Additionally, no new information of substantial importance that was
not known and could not have been known at the time the FEIR was certified is available that would
change the impact finding.
Mitigation from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
13 California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CalFire). Fire Hazard Severity Zones. 2024. https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/what-we-
do/community-wildfire-preparedness-and-mitigation/fire-hazard-severity-zones. (accessed September 2024).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 90 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new impact from wildland fires. There are no new anticipated potentially
significant impacts associated with the Project; therefore, no new and/or refined mitigation measures are
required.
Cumulative Hazards and Hazardous Materials Impacts
Hazards and hazardous waste impacts are typically unique to each site and do not usually contribute to
cumulative impacts. Cumulative development projects would be required to assess potential hazardous
materials impacts on the development site prior to grading. The Project and other cumulative projects
would be required to comply with laws and regulations governing hazardous materials and hazardous
wastes used and generated as described previously. Therefore, cumulative impacts related to hazards and
hazardous materials would be less than significant after regulatory compliance. As a result, the proposed
Project would not result in any new or more severe significant cumulative impacts than previously
analyzed in the Fontana GP EIR.
Overall Hazards-Related Impacts Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to hazards and hazardous
materials. Therefore, the preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 91 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.9 Hydrology and Water Quality
4.9.1 Summary of Previous Environmental Analysis
The FEIR concluded that implementation of the Fontana GP Update would not result in significant impacts
relative to hydrology and water quality, and no mitigation is necessary to reduce potential impacts.
Would the project substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner that would
result in flooding on- or off-site, or create or contribute runoff water that would exceed the capacity of
existing or planned stormwater drainage systems to provide the designed level of flood control?
Per the GPU EIR, implementation of the GPU could result in an additional 23,492 households and an
additional 40,599 employees within the planning area that will entail construction of projects with
impervious surfaces. The construction of structures and facilities with impervious surfaces in areas where
there are currently no impervious surfaces could potentially increase the rate of stormwater runoff
compared to existing conditions. The amount and rate of potential increase in runoff would depend upon
site topography, existing infiltration characteristics, distance from receiving drainage, and any planned or
designed detention. Adherence to City-adopted regulations and policies, including the City MC for flood
regulations, MS4 permit requirements, and NPDES permitting requirements, would ensure that the
volume and rate of stormwater runoff from future development would not exceed local drainage volume
and flow requirements and would prevent downstream flooding. This would reduce potential stormwater
runoff and drainage impacts to less-than-significant levels. Adherence to GPU goals and associated
policies and actions would further reduce hydrologic impacts. Such as Goal 1: Fontana collaborates with
public and private agencies for an integrated and sustainable water resource management program and
Goal 6: Fontana has a stormwater-drainage system that is environmentally and economically sustainable
and compatible with regional One Water One Watershed standards. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.8-8).
Would the project substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area in a manner that
would generate substantial additional sources of polluted runoff, substantially degrade water quality,
or violate any water quality standards or WDR?
The City is subject to the NPDES permitting process under its MS4 codified as Title 14 (Storm Drains and
Floodplain Management) of the Municipal Code. BMPs would be implemented to address residential
pollutant sources, generally revolving around educational programs. Commercial and industrial
development would be subject to annual inspections to ensure the implementation of BMPs and
educational programs. Implementation of the requirements of the MS4 permit and other regulations
mentioned in this section would ensure that the volume and rate of stormwater runoff from future
development would not exceed local drainage volume and flow requirements and would prevent
downstream flooding. This would reduce potential stormwater runoff and drainage impacts to less-than-
significant levels. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.8-10).
Would the project result in a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering of the local groundwater table
level at the projects site such that existing uses in the groundwater area of influence that rely on
groundwater wells could not be reasonably supported?
According to the GPU EIR, future development within the GPU Planning Area would require additional
water services that would come from local groundwater sources. Future development may also impact
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 92 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
groundwater recharge by increasing impervious surfaces that could hinder percolation of drainage into
subsurface aquifers. Future development could also impact groundwater recharge if existing spreading
grounds are altered (e.g., developed upon) without construction of replacement facilities. Additionally,
drainage may be directed away from its natural source where it may be deposited in other water bodies.
The GPU supports water conservation through use of natural and drought-tolerant vegetation and
through water recycling. Additionally, water conservation programs of the GPU are designed to ensure
groundwater resources are recharged both through natural and assisted means. Water conservation helps
to maintain groundwater levels by reducing the need to extract from them. As a result, the potential for
impacts to groundwater levels within the region was found to be less than significant. (GPU EIR,
pg. 5.8-10).
Would the project expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving as a
result of the failure of a levee or dam?
As discussed in the GPU EIR, some future development could result in the construction of certain
structures and infrastructure in the SAR floodplain that would be exposed to flood conditions from the
100-year flood event as mapped by the FEMA in the FIRM for the area. Furthermore, the City is not located
in a mapped dam inundation area. As an NFIP participant, the City has specific ordinances that require
permits for development in at risk areas, and the conditions contained in these permits are designed to
reduce the potential risk and impacts of flooding. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant.
(GPU EIR, pg. 5.8-11).
Cumulative GPU Hydrology and Water Quality Impacts
Future growth throughout the City and the region would increase the need for local and imported water
supplies, contributing to cumulative strains on groundwater resources and the potential to substantially
lower the water table. Expanding development typically hinders groundwater recharge as well because
paving and other impervious surfaces prevent or redirect water from the soil, thereby reducing or
eliminating percolation in areas. The General Plan Update’s development capacity is anticipated to be
within the anticipated water supply production pursuant to the County of San Bernardino’s Urban Water
Management Plan (UWMP) in accordance with the safe yield amounts. The General Plan Update includes
policies and programs designed to enhance groundwater recharge in the City, primarily through
conservation and modified drainage practices. In addition, the General Plan Update includes policies to
promote water conservation and water recycling. Therefore, the General Plan Update would not have a
cumulatively considerable impact on groundwater resources.
Future growth in the City and the region would include a variety of land use forms, street improvements,
and impervious surfaces that could increase the volume of urban runoff that would need to be captured
and discharged into the City’s municipal storm drain system, the County’s regional flood control facilities,
and ultimately into the Pacific Ocean. The General Plan Update supports low-impact development and
appropriate drainage practices to prevent erosion, sedimentation, and flooding. This, coupled with
existing regulations such as the National Discharge Elimination System (NPDES), would ensure that long-
term changes to the drainage pattern do not substantially impact downstream water bodies or
surrounding properties. Therefore, the General Plan Update’s contribution to regional drainage and water
quality impacts would not be cumulatively considerable.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 93 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
The General Plan Update and the Municipal Code do not allow the placement of homes within flood zones.
All significant structures built within the City would be subject to the Floodplain Management Regulations
that require hydrological evaluation to ensure that minimal diversion of floodwaters occurs, and
development standards are implemented to prevent flooding of on- and off-site uses. These regulations
specifically prohibit construction of structures that could cause or divert floodwaters without appropriate
site planning and structural design. Future development, as guided by the policies of the General Plan
Update and the Municipal Code, would ensure that cumulatively considerable flooding impacts to future
homes or other structures would not occur.
Analysis of Proposed Project
A Project-specific Water Supply Assessment (WSA) was prepared by Stetson Engineers Inc. on behalf of
the Fontana Water Company in June 2025 (see Appendix M) and is summarized below.
Threshold (a) Substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner that would
result in flooding on- or off-site, or create or contribute runoff water that would exceed
the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems to provide the
designed level of flood control?
Threshold (b) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area in a manner that
would generate substantial additional sources of polluted runoff, substantially degrade
water quality, or violate any water quality standards or WDR?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to surface water and
drainage to be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.9.1, above, for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
Construction: As determined by the Fontana GP EIR, short-term construction activities have the potential
to result in significant water quality impacts. Short-term impacts related to water quality could occur
during the earthwork and construction phase, when the potential for erosion, siltation, and sedimentation
would be the greatest. Additionally, impacts can occur prior to the establishment of ground cover, when
the erosion potential may remain relatively high. Construction of the Project has the potential to produce
typical pollutants, such as heavy metals, pesticides and herbicides, and chemicals related to construction
and cleaning, waste materials, including wash water, paints, wood, paper, concrete, food container,
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 94 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
sanitary wastes, fuel, and lubricants. Impacts to storm water quality could occur from construction and
associated earth moving, and increased pollutant loadings.
The Project would comply with applicable federal, State, and local water quality controls. Construction
activities would disturb more than one acre and therefore would be required to comply with the water
quality standards and waste discharge requirements of the NPDES. The Construction General Permit
requires implementation of a SWPPP which would include project construction features designed to
prevent erosion and protect the quality of storm water runoff (i.e., BMPs). A SWPPP would be prepared
during the City’s plan review process, prior to issuance of a grading permit. Water quality standards and
waste discharge are addressed using the BMPs incorporated in the SWPPP. Compliance with the SWPPP,
including the BMPs associated with the Project, would reduce, minimize, treat or even avoid storm water
pollution associated with the construction of the Project. Implementation of BMPs identified in the SWPPP
would eliminate or minimize pollution of downstream receiving waters. Similar to the buildout of the
Fontana GP, the Project would not result in significant impacts to runoff and water quality.
Operation: Buildout of the Fontana GP would result in an intensification of existing urban land uses which
would result in an increase in direct runoff to drainage basins, storm drains, and to surface water sources.
The Project site is relatively level and surrounded by existing development and drainage. The Fontana
Master Storm Drainage Plan ensures the City has adequate drainage capacity to service the growing City
population.14 Additionally, the Project has prepared a Hydrology Report included as Appendix L which
determined the Project would not negatively impact community watersheds. Although the Project would
include the development of multi-family residential buildings on a previously disturbed site, the Project
would comply with applicable federal, State, and local water quality controls. The Project has prepared a
storm water quality management plan (WQMP) included as Appendix J, which establishes BMPs specific
to the Project to treat, reduce, or avoid the contamination of downstream waters from waterborne
pollutants during operations.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would not result in new or more severe impacts related to runoff and water quality.
Additionally, no new information of substantial importance that was not known and could not have been
known at the time the FEIR was certified is available that would change the impact determination.
Accordingly, the Project would not significantly impact runoff and water quality. Impacts would be less
than significant.
Threshold (c) Result in a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering of the local groundwater table
level at the projects site such that existing uses in the groundwater area of influence
that rely on groundwater wells could not be reasonably supported?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to groundwater to be less
than significant. Refer to Section 4.9.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
14 City of Fontana Engineering Department. 1992. Master Storm Drainage Plan. https://www.fontanaca.gov/3535/Master-Storm-Drainage-Plan
(accessed March 2025).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 95 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
Water services to the Project site would be provided by the Fontana Water Company (FWC). The Project
site is located within the Upper Santa Ana Valley groundwater basin. As determined by the Sustainable
Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) basin prioritization, the Upper Santa Ana Valley groundwater
basin is considered a low priority basin, meaning over withdrawals of water are not considered an issue.15
The Fontana Water Company utilizes local groundwater supplies to provide water supplies to consumers.
As determined by the WSA, the FWC utilizes 30 active groundwater production wells to withdraw water
from the Chino Basin, Rialto Basin, and Lytle Basin, and surface water from Lytle Creek. FWC also receives
untreated State Water Project (SWP) water from the Inland Empire Utilities Agency (IEUA) and San
Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District (SBVMWD) which is treated at FWC’s Summit Water
Treatment Plant. FWC receives well water, local surface water, imported water, or a combination of those
sources at various points in its water distribution system. In addition, FWC has two emergency
interconnections, with a total capacity of 3,000 gallons per minute (gpm), to receive water from
Cucamonga Valley Water District (CVWD).
FWC’s 2020 UWMP includes current and projected future water demands for its service area over the
next 25 years. It is anticipated construction of the Project will be completed by 2030 (i.e., after 2025). The
additional water demands (160 AFY) for the Project are incorporated within the existing and projected
water demands (potable and recycled) presented in FWC’s adopted 2020 UWMP over a 20-year period
and through 2045. The WSA determined that water withdrawals from the aquifers supplying the Project
would not be depleted by project implementation. As such, impacts would be less than significant, and
no mitigation is necessary.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impacts from withdrawals of groundwater
as adequate groundwater supplies are anticipated to service the Project site. As such, a less than
significant impact would occur, and no mitigation is necessary.
15 California Department of Water Resources. 2024. SGMA Basin Prioritization. https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Groundwater-
Management/Basin-Prioritization (accessed January 2025).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 96 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Threshold (d) Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving as a
result of the failure of a levee or dam?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to levee/dam failure to
be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.9.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The FEIR determined that the Fontana GP area is not located in the immediate vicinity of a body of water.
Additionally, the Fontana GP has determined that the entirety of the City is not within an inundation area.
As such, the Project would have a less than significant impact regarding the failure of a dam or levee and
no mitigation is necessary.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impacts on flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche
zones, or risk the release of pollutants due to Project inundation which would require revisions to the
previously approved FEIR, worsen impacts identified in the FEIR requiring mitigation, or discover
information that was not known at the time of the FEIR adoption. Based on the FEIR findings, the Project
site is not located in an area prone to the previously mentioned natural or manmade disasters. Thus, no
pollutants would be released due to inundation by dam breach, levee breach, seiche, tsunami, or
mudflow.
Cumulative Hydrology and Water Quality Impacts
Cumulative impacts concerning hydrology and water quality could occur as existing uses, new
development, or redevelopment occurs within a specific watershed. This includes the proposed Project,
and, present, and future projects. Due to the urbanized nature of the watershed, growth would consist of
a mix of residential and non-residential development, consistent with past and present growth trends.
Cumulative development, in conjunction with the proposed Project, would result in the increase of
impervious surfaces, and thus, result in increased runoff generation. Therefore, cumulative development,
including the proposed Project, are required to develop SWPPPs and site-specific WQMPs with BMPs to
control erosion and stormwater run-off in accordance with all required water quality permits and
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 97 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
applicable water quality control plans. The site-specific BMPs would help minimize impacts related to
stormwater systems and conveyance. As needed, cumulative projects would implement BMPs, to
minimize run-off, erosion, and stormwater pollution. As part of these requirements, projects would be
required to implement and maintain source controls, and treatment measures to minimize polluted
discharge and prevent increases in run-off flows that could substantially decrease water quality.
Conformance with these measures would aid in minimizing runoff and stormwater pollutants. Therefore,
related projects are not expected to cause substantial increases in stormwater pollution. With compliance
with State and local mandates, cumulative impacts would be less than significant. As concluded above,
the Project would implement BMPS and efficient design measures in accordance with applicable Federal,
State, and local regulations. Therefore, the Project’s impacts would not be cumulatively considerable.
Overall Hydrology and Water Quality-Related Impacts Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to hydrology and water
quality. Therefore, the preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 98 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.10 Land Use and Planning
4.10.1 Summary of Previous Environmental Analysis
According to the FEIR, development within the Fontana GP Update area would not divide an established
community. The Fontana GP Update proposes to implement a range of industrial, commercial, public, and
residential uses, similar to what exists within the Fontana GP Update boundaries today. The FEIR
concluded that implementation of the Fontana GP Update would not result in significant impacts relative
to land use and planning, and no mitigation is necessary to reduce potential impacts.
Would the GPU result in a division of an established community?
Per the GPU EIR, the proposed updated General Plan Land Use Map would retain the City’s commercial,
industrial, and residential character. However, the Walkable Mixed-Use land uses are introduced in the
City’s downtown core. Neither would they indirectly lead to the division of an established community, as
the changes would not trigger the development of major new infrastructure (such as major roads or
freeways, power easements or water conveyance facilities), which could physically divide existing
developed areas of the City. The Walkable Mixed-Use land uses would not impact established
communities since the land use categories encourage infill development on vacant parcels and enhance
community character. Impacts would be less than significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.9-9).
Would the GUP conflict with an applicable land use plan, policy, or regulation of an agency with
jurisdiction over the project, as discussed in other sections of this environmental impact report (EIR)?
According to the GPU EIR, none of the changes in the GPU would affect plans, policies, or regulations of
other agencies that have jurisdiction within the GPU planning area. In fact, some of the changes in the
GPU are proposed to reflect and address new policies and regulations of other agencies such as those
relating to climate change. No conflicts between the specific resources and a policy or regulation of
another agency would occur as a result of the GPU. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant.
(GPU EIR, pg. 5.9-11).
Would conflicts between the proposed GPU and existing Habitat Conservation Plans occur?
None of the land use changes proposed in the GPU would conflict with the North Fontana MSHCP, because
no land use changes are proposed in affected areas. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant.
(GPU EIR, pg. 5.9-11).
Cumulative GPU Land Use and Planning Impacts
The General Plan Update would not physically divide any established community within the City. The
General Plan Update introduces two new walkable mixed-use land use designations that would not
contribute to cumulatively considerable impacts involving physical division of established communities
(GPU EIR, pg. 7-6).
Analysis of Proposed Project.
Threshold (a) Physically divide an established community?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to community division to
be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.10.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 99 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project does not include the construction of public roads, structures, or other improvements that
would physically divide or separate neighborhoods within an established community. The Project site
consists of 29 vacant land parcels that are in an urbanized area. The Project would include the vacation
of both Edward Avenue and Joe Avenue. Currently, neither Edward Avenue nor Joe Avenue provide any
access to and from the site, and neither street are improved. Neither Edward Avenue nor Joe Avenue are
identified in the City’s General Plan Circulation Element for future improvements. Access to the Project
site and surrounding areas would continue to remain available via Citrus Avenue and Summit Avenue, and
therefore no physical division would occur with Project implementation. As such, the proposed
development would not divide an established community and would be consistent with the Fontana GP
FEIR. Project implementation would be consistent with the Village FBC in the Fontana GP.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact as it pertains to physically dividing a
community. No new or more severe significant impact from a previously identified significant impact
evaluated in the FEIR would occur. Additionally, no new information of substantial importance that was
not known and could not have been known at the time the FEIR was certified is available that would
change the impact determination.
Threshold (b) Conflict with any applicable land use plan, policy, or regulation of an agency with
jurisdiction over the project adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an
environmental effect?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to plan/policy/regulation
conflict to be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.10.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 100 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
Substantial changes are not proposed in the Project which would require major revisions of the previous
EIR, increased severity of environmental impacts identified in the FEIR would not occur, and no new
information of substantial importance that could have been known at the time of the Fontana GP FEIR
adoption has become available. As shown in Appendix N of this Addendum EIR, the Project would also be
consistent with all applicable Fontana land use plans, policies, and regulations.
Consistent with the FEIR, the Project would not conflict with any City, County, State or Federal land use
policies regarding the mitigation of environmental effects. The Project is consistent with the underlying
land use and zoning designations that have been included in local and regional planning efforts.
Additionally, Appendix N includes a General Plan Land Use Consistency Analysis, which concludes that the
Project would not conflict with any established goals and/or policies established in the City’s General Plan.
As such, impacts would be less than significant, and no additional mitigation is necessary.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact regarding conflict with a land use
plan intended to mitigate environment impacts which would require revisions to the previously approved
FEIR, worsen impacts identified in the FEIR requiring mitigation, or discover information that was not
known at the time of the FEIR adoption. No new or more severe significant impact from a previously
identified significant impact evaluated in the FEIR would occur. Additionally, no new information of
substantial importance that was not known and could not have been known at the time the FEIR was
certified is available that would change the impact determination.
Threshold (c) Conflict with any applicable habitat conservation plan or natural community
conservation plan?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to MSHCP conflict to be
less than significant. Refer to Section 4.10.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 101 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The City currently has one habitat conservation plan, the North Fontana Multiple Species Habitat
Conservation Plan, which would not be affected by the implementation of the Fontana GP as determined
by the Fontana GP EIR. Impacts would be less than significant regarding land use and no mitigation is
necessary. This impact determination is consistent with the certified Fontana GP EIR. The Project would
cause neither a new impact, nor an increase in the severity of an impact previously disclosed. No further
analysis is required.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact as it pertains to conflict with an
applicable habitat conservation plan. No new or more severe significant impact from a previously
identified significant impact evaluated in the FEIR would occur. Additionally, no new information of
substantial importance that was not known and could not have been known at the time the FEIR was
certified is available that would change the impact determination.
Cumulative Land Use Impacts
As previously discussed, the Project site is wholly consistent with the guidelines and standards within the
Fontana GP FEIR Village FBC District, the General Plan Land Use Designations, and Zoning Designations for
the Project site.
Implementation of future projects requiring a change in the General Plan land use designation and or
zoning would require discretionary approval. Future projects would also be subject to CEQA review, as
well as the California Zoning and Planning Law and the California Subdivision Map Act, similar to this
Project’s review and approval process. Future projects would be designed or otherwise conditioned to
maintain consistency with adopted land use plans and ordinances or be amended with the appropriate
mitigation and conditions of approval.
As described above, the Project would be consistent with all applicable land use goals, policies, and
objectives identified in the General Plan. Mitigation measures to address potential significant
environmental impacts of the Project have been included in this Draft EIR. Given the Project’s consistency,
as well as the potential for other projects in the cumulative impact scenario to be generally consistent
with the land use policy framework, overall cumulative land use consistency impacts would be less than
significant.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 102 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Overall Land Use and Planning Impacts Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to land use and planning.
Therefore, the preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 103 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.11 Mineral Resources
4.11.1 Summary of Previous Environmental Analysis
The GPU EIR stated that the proposed GPU does not contain policies that conflict with the recovery of
future mineral resources. Therefore, significant mineral resource deposits, should they be unearthed in
the future, would continue to be protected over the long term. Overall, the GPU would not contribute to
a loss of mineral resources. (GPU EIR, pg. 7-10).
Cumulative GPU Mineral Resource Impacts
As previously stated, the GPU EIR stated that the proposed GPU does not contain policies that conflict
with the recovery of future mineral resources. Therefore, significant mineral resource deposits, should
they be unearthed in the future, would continue to be protected over the long term. Overall, the GPU
would not contribute to a cumulative loss of mineral resources. (GPU EIR, pg. 7-10).
4.11.2 Analysis of Proposed Project
Threshold (a) Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to
the region and the residents of the state.
Threshold (b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resources recovery site
delineated on a local general plan, specific plan, or other land use plan?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to mineral resources to
not be potentially significant. Refer to Section 4.11.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
According to the Fontana GP FEIR, there are no goals or policies regarding the recovery of future mineral
resources. The Fontana General Plan does not designate this site or the area surrounding the project site
as a known mineral resource. The site is not located in a County Mineral Resource Zone (MRZ-1 &
MRZ-2)16.No part of the Project site is within a boundary that is owned or controlled by an aggregate
producer or has previously been used for mineral extraction. The Project site does not currently contain
16 Fontana General Plan, Open Space and Conservation Element, San Bernardino County General Plan, Conservation Element, Figure 5.11-1.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 104 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
mineral extraction facilities, consist of previously disturbed land, and has not been designated as
containing confirmed mineral resources of significance. Therefore, the Project would not result in the loss
of availability of known mineral resources which are of value to the region and the residents of the state.
As such, if any mineral resources of significance are unearthed during construction activities, its discovery
would not be considered a significant impact. Consistent with the Fontana GP, no new or more severe
significant impact relative to mineral resources not already evaluated would occur with the
implementation of the Project. Impacts would be less than significant.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Cumulative Mineral Resource Impacts
As previously stated, the GPU EIR stated that the proposed GPU does not contain policies that conflict
with the recovery of future mineral resources. The Project site is not designated as land that contains
known mineral resources of significance. No part of the Project site is within a boundary that is owned or
controlled by an aggregate producer or has previously been used for mineral extraction. The Project site
does not currently contain mineral extraction facilities, consist of previously disturbed land, and has not
been designated as containing confirmed mineral resources of significance. Therefore, the Project would
not result in the loss of availability of known cumulative mineral resources which are of value to the region
and the residents of the State.
Overall Mineral Resources Impacts Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to mineral resources.
Therefore, the preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 105 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.12 Noise
4.12.1 Summary of Previous Environmental Analysis
The Fontana GP EIR considered noise from construction activities as well as noise from operations,
including vehicle traffic and the exposure of employees to noise in the previously approved Project area,
as well as potential exposure of nearby residents and other sensitive receptors to noise. With
implementation of mitigation measures, all noise impacts were determined to be less than significant.
Additionally, a Project-specific Noise Analysis was prepared by Kimley-Horn in March 2025 and is
incorporated as Appendix F of this document.
Would the project expose persons to or generation of noise levels in excess of standards established in
the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies?
Construction under the proposed GPU would be restricted by City ordinance to 7:00 am to 6:00 pm on
weekdays and between 8:00 am and 5:00 pm on Saturdays, except in case of urgent necessity in the
interest of public health and safety. When work is performed during these hours, predicted construction
noise levels are considered an acceptable intrusion of the ambient noise within the project area.
Future development under the GPU could result in the exposure of persons to noise levels in excess of
City standards. Potential increases in noise levels would be assessed in conjunction with the city’s review
of site-specific noise impact analysis. In accordance with the City of Fontana Municipal Code of Ordinances
(Chapter 18), standards for exterior and interior noise levels have also been established to protect
residents from noise levels in excess of acceptable levels. In addition, the GPU includes goals that pertain
to protecting new developments from noise impacts.
Noise and Safety Element
Goal 1: The City of Fontana protects its sensitive land uses from excessive noise through
diligent planning through 2016.
Goal 2: The City of Fontana provides a diverse and efficiently operated ground transportation
system that generates the minimum feasible noise on its residents through 2035.
Goal 3: The City of Fontana’s residents are protected from the negative effects of “spill over”
noise.
In the event significant impacts are anticipated, appropriate mitigation would be developed at that time.
(GPU EIR, pg. 5.10-4).
Would the project expose persons to or generation of excessive groundbourne vibration or
groundbourne noise levels?
Vibration can lead to structural damage and general annoyance to the public. Construction activities and
heavy vehicle traffic are common sources of groundbourne vibration and noise. Construction under the
GPU is not anticipated to require blasting activities, but pile driving could occur and produce vibration
that could impact nearby land uses. These vibrations pose both a nuisance and potential risk to proximate
structures. However, construction or repairing of buildings or structures would be restricted by City
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 106 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
ordinance to 7:00 am to 6:00 pm on weekdays and between 8:00 am and 5:00 pm on Saturdays, except
in case of urgent necessity in the interest of public health and safety. When work is performed during
these hours, predicted vibration levels are considered as an acceptable intrusion of the ambient noise
within the project area. In addition, the City of Fontana’s Development code (Article VII – Industrial Zoning
Districts, Division 6 – Performance Standards, Noise and Vibration) specifies that “no person shall create
or cause to be created any activity which causes a vibration which can be felt beyond the property line of
any residentially zoned property with or without the aid of an instrument” (Municipal Code of Ordinances,
Chapter 18, City of Fontana). Therefore, unless the vibration results in physical damage to local structures,
it does not constitute a significant impact. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.10-6).
Would the project result in a substantial permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the project
vicinity above levels existing without the project?
Increases in traffic could result in permanent increases in ambient noise levels, e.g., where a roadway
segment is proposed to be expanded with additional travel lanes over the long-term to achieve level of
service standards. Roadway noise could also increase on an existing roadway that will carry increasing
traffic volumes.
The City’s noise ordinance contains standards for mobile noise sources and outdoor and indoor noise
limits for residential uses, places of worship, educational facilities, hospitals, hotels/motels, and
commercial and other land uses. The City’s ordinance also includes standards specific to industrial zoning
districts (Sec. 30-239 - Land use compatibility) which specifies development policies to minimize noise
levels, such as consideration of physical barriers, building orientation, and infill development (City of
Fontana).
Continued enforcement of these policies and standards would reduce potential permanent ambient noise
impacts. Each future project would be evaluated on a case-by-case basis pursuant to CEQA, and
appropriate noise thresholds established. In the event significant impacts are anticipated, appropriate
mitigation would be developed at that time. In addition, the GPU’s Noise and Safety Element contains
several goals, policies, and actions to minimize noise impacts to people and the environment in the vicinity
of sources of noise as illustrated above. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.10-7).
Would the project result in a substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the
project vicinity above levels existing without the project?
Construction equipment (e.g., earthmoving and materials handling equipment and vehicles) would
generate noise during clearing, excavation, grading, structure, roadway, and utility construction
operations associated with the development under the GPU. All construction noise would be restricted
by City ordinance to 7:00 am to 6:00 pm on weekdays. Therefore, temporary noise impacts associated
with construction-related activities would be less than significant.
In addition, future construction projects within the City will also be subject to the measures outlined in
the City of Fontana Municipal Code of Ordinances (Chapter 18) and assessed in conjunction with the City’s
review of site-specific noise impact analyses. Noise levels at sensitive receptors would be analyzed on a
case-by-case basis and appropriate mitigation applied to restrict noise levels to acceptable levels. In the
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 107 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
event significant impacts are anticipated, appropriate mitigation would be developed at that time. (GPU
EIR, pg. 5.10-8).
Would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels (for
projects located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two
miles of a public airport or public use airport; or for projects located within the vicinity of a private
airstrip)?
Portions of the City of Fontana are located within the LA/Ontario International Airport flight path. Airplane
traffic to and from the airport is audible within portions of the city, specifically Santa Ana Avenue. The
noise contour map for the forecasted 2020 conditions, associated with the LA/Ontario Airport, shows the
65 dB contour extending outside the boundary of the western edge of Fontana. However, the planned
use specified in the General Plan Update for the LA/Ontario area is industrial, which is not considered a
sensitive land use for the 65 dB airport noise zone.
In accordance with “Goal 1” of the General Plan Update Noise and Safety Element (“The City of Fontana
Protects its sensitive land uses from excessive noise through diligent planning through 2035”), no changes
will occur to land uses in areas that are susceptible to a 65 dBA CNEL or greater. This includes preventing
new residents or workers from being exposed to excessive noise levels associated with air traffic (Ontario
International Airport). Therefore, impacts associated with aircraft noise would be less than significant.
(GPU EIR, pg. 5.10-8).
Note, while the GPU EIR did not identify noise impacts that require mitigation, MM-NOI-1 and -2 were
included which includes best practices to be applied to future projects, as necessary, to reduce impacts
to less than significant levels. Please note that MM NOI-1 has been fulfilled by the preparation of a
project-specific noise assessment, as noted within this Addendum EIR.
Cumulative GPU Noise Impacts
Implementation of the General Plan Update would not generate new stationary noise sources outside of
the City and would not, therefore, result in cumulatively considerable noise impacts involving stationary
sources. Additional traffic volumes associated with future growth in the City would combine with regional
traffic on major, inter-jurisdictional roads and highways leading to Fontana that would contribute to
cumulative effects involving roadway noise. However, as discussed in the GPU EIR, the level of traffic noise
attributable to Fontana-based trips would not result in cumulatively considerable changes in roadway
noise levels in the context of regional traffic growth (GPU EIR, pg. 7-6).
Analysis of Proposed Project.
Threshold (a) Exposure of persons or generation of noise levels in excess of standards established in
the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies?
Threshold (b) A substantial permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above
levels existing without the project?
Threshold (c) A substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the project
vicinity above levels existing without the project?
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 108 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
No New or More Severe Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to noise levels to be less than
significant. Refer to Section 4.12.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
Construction Noise
Construction noise typically occurs intermittently and varies depending on the nature or phase of
construction (e.g., land clearing, grading, excavation, paving). Noise generated by construction
equipment, including earth movers, material handlers, and portable generators, can reach high levels.
During construction, exterior noise levels could affect the sensitive receptors near the construction site.
Construction activities would include site preparation, grading, building construction, paving, and
architectural coating. Such activities may require graders, dozers, and tractors during site preparation and
grading; cranes, forklifts, generators, tractors, and welders during building construction; pavers, rollers,
mixers, tractors, and paving equipment during paving; and air compressors during architectural coating.
Typical operating cycles for these types of construction equipment may involve 1 or 2 minutes of full
power operation followed by 3 to 4 minutes at lower power settings. Other primary sources of acoustical
disturbance would be random incidents, which would last less than one minute (such as dropping large
pieces of equipment or the hydraulic movement of machinery lifts). Noise generated by construction
equipment, including earth movers, material handlers, and portable generators, can reach high levels.
Typical noise levels associated with individual construction equipment are listed in Table 10: Typical
Construction Noise Levels.
Table 10: Typical Construction Noise Levels
Equipment Typical Noise Level (dBA) at
50 feet from Source
Air Compressor 81
Backhoe 80
Compactor 82
Concrete Mixer 85
Concrete Pump 82
Concrete Vibrator 76
Crane, Mobile 83
Dozer 85
Generator 82
Grader 85
Jack Hammer 88
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 109 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Equipment Typical Noise Level (dBA) at
50 feet from Source
Loader 80
Paver 85
Pneumatic Tool 85
Pump 77
Roller 85
Saw 76
Shovel 82
Truck 84
Source: Kimley-Horn. 2025. Noise Analysis. (Appendix F).
As indicated in Table 10, construction noise levels would be noticeable at the nearby residential uses and
other properties in the Project vicinity. Although the construction equipment noise levels in Table 10 are
from the Federal Transit Administration’s (FTA’s) 2018 Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment
Manual, the noise levels are based on measured data from an EPA report which uses data from the
1970s,17 the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Roadway Construction Noise Model (RCNM) which
uses data from the early 1990s, and other measured data. Since that time, construction equipment has
been required to meet more stringent emissions standards and the additional necessary exhaust systems
also reduce noise from what is shown in the table. As a result, actual construction-related noise activities
would be lower than the conservative levels shown in Table 10. Construction related noise would be
intermittent and periodic during construction and would cease upon completion of construction. Due to
the variability of construction activities and equipment for the Project, overall construction noise levels
would be intermittent and would fluctuate over time. In addition, the noise levels above assume that
construction noise is constant, when, in fact, construction activities and associated noise levels would
fluctuate and generally be brief and sporadic, depending on the type, intensity, and location of
construction activities.
The nearest noise-sensitive receptors to the Project site include single-family residences to the north,
south, and west, as well as the Sierra Lakes Elementary School to the east. The Project may expose these
sensitive receptors to elevated noise levels during project construction. However, it is acknowledged that
construction activities would occur throughout the Project site and would not be concentrated at the
point closest to the sensitive receptors. Additionally, construction would be subject to Fontana MC Section
18-63(b)(7), which states construction shall only occur between the hours of 7:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. on
weekdays and between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. on Saturdays. Although the Municipal Code
limits the hours of construction, it does not provide specific noise level performance standards for
construction. Therefore, the Noise Analysis included as Appendix F uses the FTA’s threshold of 80 dBA (8-
hour Leq) for residential uses to evaluate construction noise impacts.
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Roadway Construction Noise Model (RCNM) was used to
calculate noise levels during construction activities; refer to the Noise Analysis included as Appendix F.
RCNM is a computer program used to assess construction noise impacts and allows for user-defined
construction equipment and user-defined noise limit criteria. Noise levels were calculated for each
17 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Noise from Construction Equipment and Operations, Building Equipment and Home Appliances,
NTID300.1, December 31, 1971.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 110 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
construction phase and are based on the equipment used, distance to the nearest property/receptor, and
acoustical use factor for equipment.
The noise levels calculated in Table 11: Project Construction Noise Levels, show estimated exterior
construction noise levels at the closest receptors surrounding the project site. Based on calculations using
the RCNM model, construction noise levels would range from approximately 53.6 dBA L eq to 75.4 dBA Leq
at the nearest sensitive receptors; see Table 11. It should be noted that noise levels shown in Table 11
account for the existing concrete masonry walls that would shield Project construction noise levels at the
residential receptors.
As shown in Table 11, the loudest noise levels would be 75.4 dBA Leq at the nearest sensitive receptors
(i.e., Sierra Lakes Elementary School), which does not exceed FTA’s threshold of 80 dBA (8-hour L eq).
Notwithstanding, the Project would be subject to Fontana GP EIR MM NOI-2 to further reduce
construction noise levels. Fontana GP EIR MM NOI-2 requires proper maintenance of construction
equipment, including shielding/muffling devices. The FHWA states that muffler systems can reduce noise
levels by 10 dBA or more. With implementation of Fontana GP EIR MM NOI-2, construction noise levels
would range from approximately 43.6 dBA Leq to 65.4 dBA Leq at the nearest sensitive receptors. Although
Project construction may cause a noticeable increase in ambient noise levels, construction noise would
be temporary and intermittent and would occur during daytime hours (outside of the sensitive sleeping
hours). As a result, a less-than-significant impact would occur related to creation of a substantial
temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the Project vicinity.
Table 11: Project Construction Noise Levels
Construction
Phase
Receptor Location Modeled Exterior
Noise Level
(dBA Leq)1,2
FTA Noise
Threshold
(dBA Leq)3
Exceeded
? Land Use Direction
Site Preparation
Residential South 67.3
80
No
Residential West 67.3 No
School East 74.4 No
Residential North 62.3 No
Grading
Residential South 70.7 No
Residential West 70.7 No
School East 75.4 No
Residential North 65.4 No
Building
Construction
Residential South 68.6 No
Residential West 68.6 No
School East 72.6 No
Residential North 63.2 No
Paving
Residential South 74.5 No
Residential West 74.5 No
School East 72.9 No
Residential North 64.7 No
Architectural
Coating
Residential South 59.6 No
Residential West 59.6 No
School East 63.6 No
Residential North 53.6 No
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 111 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Construction
Phase
Receptor Location Modeled Exterior
Noise Level
(dBA Leq)1,2
FTA Noise
Threshold
(dBA Leq)3
Exceeded
? Land Use Direction
Notes:
1. Equipment was assumed to operate throughout the project site at different distances near the property line. Not all equipment
would operate at the closest distance to the receptor. The distances used in the RCNM model can be seen in Appendix F. Modeled
noise levels conservatively assume the simultaneous operation of all pieces of equipment.
2. Residential receptors have existing concrete masonry walls that would shield project construction noise levels by approximately 10
dBA. This shielding has been accounted for in RCNM; refer to Appendix A.
3. Federal Transit Authority’s threshold of 80 dBA (8-hour Leq) for residential uses.
Source: Kimley-Horn. 2025. Noise Analysis. (Appendix F).
Operational Noise
The Project site is currently vacant. Implementation of the Project would create new sources of noise in
the Project vicinity. The primary noise sources associated with the Project that could potentially impact
nearby sensitive uses include mechanical equipment (e.g., air conditioners, etc.), typical stationary noise
from residential uses (e.g., dogs barking, use of landscape equipment, people talking, etc.), and off-site
traffic noise.
According to the Noise Analysis included as Appendix F, mechanical equipment (e.g., heating, ventilation,
and air conditioning [HVAC] equipment) typically generates noise levels of approximately 52 dBA at 50
feet. Sound levels decrease by 6 dBA for each doubling of distance from the source. HVAC equipment at
the Project site would be shielded and situated on the ground level, adjacent to the buildings. Shielding
would provide a 10 dBA noise reduction. The nearest off-site sensitive receptors (single-family residences
to the south and west) would be located as close as 75 feet from the HVAC equipment at the Project site.
At this distance, mechanical equipment noise levels would be approximately 38.5 dBA and would not
exceed the City’s 65 dBA standard. Additionally, HVAC equipment could be located as close as 15 feet
from common outdoor space where on-site sensitive receptors may gather. At this distance, mechanical
equipment noise levels would be approximately 52.5 dBA and would not exceed the City’s 65 dBA
standard. Therefore, impacts from mechanical equipment would be less than significant.
The Project would also result in stationary noise that is typical of residential uses/neighborhoods,
including the use of landscaping equipment, dogs barking, music playing, people talking, etc. These noise
sources can generate noise levels up to 65 dBA at a distance of 50 feet. However, noise events from these
stationary sources are generally sporadic, short in duration, and would not last for extended periods of
time. In addition, stationary noise is generated by residences to the north, south, and west, and by the
Sierra Lakes Elementary School to the east under existing conditions. Therefore, Project stationary noise
levels would not result in a noticeable increase in ambient noise and would comply with the City’s noise
standards. Impacts would be less than significant.
Implementation of the Project would generate increased traffic volumes along nearby roadway segments.
According to the Project’s Traffic Study the proposed project would result in approximately 4,284 daily
trips. In general, a traffic noise increase of less than 3 dBA is barely perceptible to people, while a 5-dBA
increase is readily noticeable. Generally, traffic volumes on Project area roadways would have to
approximately double for the resulting traffic noise levels to increase by 3 dBA. Therefore, permanent
increases in ambient noise levels of less than 3 dBA are considered to be less than significant.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 112 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Traffic noise levels for roadways primarily affected by the Project were calculated using the FHWA’s
Highway Noise Prediction Model (FHWA-RD-77-108). Traffic noise modeling was conducted for conditions
with and without the Project, based on traffic volumes from the Project’s Traffic Study. As indicated in
Table 12: Existing and Project Traffic Noise Levels, the “Existing Plus Project” traffic-generated noise
levels on Project area roadways would range between 64.9 dBA CNEL and 65.1 dBA CNEL at 60 feet from
the centerline. Additionally, the Project would result in a maximum increase of 1.4 dBA CNEL along Summit
Avenue from Citrus Avenue to Parkside Way, which is well below the barely noticeable criterion of 3.0
dBA CNEL.
It should be noted that noise levels show in Table 12 do not account for the existing concrete masonry
walls that line the residential properties along Summit Avenue and Citrus Avenue, or the Project’s
proposed perimeter concrete masonry wall. As determined by the Noise Analysis included as Appendix F,
concrete masonry walls can achieve a noise reduction of 10 dBA, as such, traffic noise levels shown in
Table 12 would likely range from 54.9 dBA CNEL and 55.1 dBA CNEL at the nearest off-site and on-site
residential receptors.
Table 12: Existing and Project Traffic Noise Levels
Roadway Segment
Existing Existing Plus Project Project
Change from
Existing
Conditions
Significant
Impact? ADT dBA CNEL1 ADT dBA CNEL1
Summit Avenue
Citrus Avenue to Parkside Way 5,933 63.5 8,147 64.9 1.4 No
Citrus Avenue
Summit Avenue to Muirfield Lane 6,650 63.9 8,720 65.1 1.2 No
ADT = average daily trips; dBA = A-weighted decibels; CNEL= Community Equivalent Noise Level
1. Traffic noise levels are at 60 feet from the roadway centerline.
Source: Kimley-Horn. 2025. Noise Analysis. (Appendix F).
Although the traffic noise levels may slightly exceed the 65 dBA CNEL noise standard along Citrus Avenue
(from Summit Avenue to Muirfield Lane) at the Sierra Lakes Elementary School, the Project would result
in a maximum increase of 1.4 dBA CNEL which is well below the barely noticeable criterion of 3.0 dBA
CNEL. In addition, as noted above, concrete masonry walls that line the residential properties along
Summit Avenue and Citrus Avenue can provide noise level reductions of 10 dBA. Therefore, traffic noise
impacts from the Project would be less than significant.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
MM NOI-2 To reduce impacts related to heavy construction equipment moving and operating on site
during project construction, grading, demolition, and paving prior to issuance of grading
permits, the applicant shall ensure that the following procedures are followed:
Construction equipment, fixed or mobile, shall be properly outfitted and maintained
with feasible noise-reduction devices to minimize construction generated noise.
Laydown and construction vehicle staging areas shall be located away from noise
sensitive land uses if feasible.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 113 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Stationary noise sources such as generators shall be located away from noise sensitive
land uses, if feasible.
Construction hours, allowable workdays, and the phone number of the job
superintendent shall be clearly posted at all construction entrances to allow
surrounding property owners to contact the job superintendent 24 hours a day to
report noise and other nuisance-related issues, if necessary. The point of contact shall
be available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and have authority to commit additional
assets to control dust after hours, on weekends, and on holidays. In the event that
the City of Fontana receives a pattern of noise complaints, appropriate corrective
actions shall be implemented, such as onsite noise monitoring during construction
activities, and a report of the action shall be provided to the reporting party.
Conclusion
Fontana GP FEIR MM NOI-2 was identified to reduce construction noise levels. The operational noise
analysis shows that Project would not result in new noise-related stationary or vehicular impacts not
considered in the Final EIR. Additionally, no new information of substantial importance that was not
known and could not have been known at the time the Final EIR was certified is available that would
change the significance determination in the Final EIR.
Threshold (d) Generate excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels.
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to vibration to be less
than significant. Refer to Section 4.12.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
Once operational, the Project would not be a source of groundborne vibration. Increases in groundborne
vibration levels attributable to the Project would be primarily associated with short-term construction-
related activities. Construction on the project site would have the potential to result in varying degrees of
temporary groundborne vibration, depending on the specific construction equipment used and the
operations involved.
The types of construction vibration impacts include human annoyance and building damage. Human
annoyance occurs when construction vibration rises significantly above the threshold of human
perception for extended periods of time. Building damage can be cosmetic or structural. Ordinary
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 114 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
buildings that are not particularly fragile would not experience any cosmetic damage (e.g., plaster cracks)
at distances beyond 30 feet. This distance can vary substantially depending on the soil composition and
underground geological layer between vibration source and receiver. In addition, not all buildings respond
similarly to vibration generated by construction equipment. The City does not provide numerical vibration
standards for construction activities. As the nearest structure are residential buildings located adjacent to
the south and west of the Project site, this impact discussion uses the FTA and Caltrans structural damage
criterion of 0.30 inches per second (in/sec) peak particle velocity (PPV) for residential buildings and the
human annoyance criterion of 0.4 in/sec PPV.
The FTA has published standard vibration velocities for construction equipment operations. Table 13:
Typical Construction Equipment Vibration Levels, lists vibration levels for typical construction equipment.
It should be noted that the project would not require the use of pile drivers. Groundborne vibration
generated by construction equipment spreads through the ground and diminishes in magnitude with
increases in distance.
Table 13: Typical Construction Equipment Vibration Levels
Equipment
Reference Vibration Level
(in/sec PPV)
at 25 Feet
Vibration Level
(in/sec PPV)
at 30 Feet 1
Vibratory Roller 0.210 0.160
Large Bulldozer 0.089 0.068
Loaded Trucks 0.076 0.058
Small Bulldozer/Tractors 0.003 0.002
Notes: in/sec = inches per second; PPV = peak particle velocity
1. Calculated using the following formula: PPVequip = PPVref x (25/D)1.5
where: PPVequip = the peak particle velocity in in/sec of the equipment adjusted for the distance
PPVref = the reference vibration level in in/sec from Table 7-4 of the Federal Transit Administration, Transit Noise and Vibration Impact
Assessment Manual, 2018.
D = the distance from the equipment to the receiver
2. Distances reflect the nearest structure to the closest potential area of operation for each piece of construction equipment. All other
structures would experience lower vibration levels.
Source: Kimley-Horn. 2025. Noise Analysis. (Appendix F).
Construction activities are anticipated to occur up to the project boundary line. Therefore, the nearest
structures (i.e., residential buildings) would be located approximately 30 feet to the south and west of the
Project site boundary. As indicated in Table 13, vibration velocities from typical heavy construction
equipment operations that would be used during project construction range from 0.002 to 0.160 in/sec
PPV at 30 feet from the source of activity. Therefore, construction groundborne vibration would not
exceed the structural damage criterion (0.3 in/sec PPV) or human annoyance criterion (0.4 in/sec PPV)
and impacts would be less than significant.
Mitigation Measures from the Final EIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
A less than significant impact would occur concerning groundborne vibration and groundborne noise
levels. Additionally, no new information of substantial importance that was not known and could not have
been known at the time the FEIR was certified is available that would impact the EIR’s finding under this
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 115 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
issue area. The Project would result in no new or more severe significant noise impacts and the Project
itself is anticipated to have a less than significant impact.
Threshold (e) For a project located within an airport land use plan, or where such a plan has not been
adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, exposure of people
residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels.
Threshold (f) For a project within a vicinity of a private airstrip, expose people residing or working in
the project area to excessive noise level.
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to airport noise to be less
than significant. Refer to Section 4.12.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The public airport nearest to the Project site is the Ontario International Airport, located approximately
9.4 miles to the southwest. As such, the Project would not be located within two miles of a public airport
or within an airport land use plan. Additionally, there are no private airstrips located within the Project
vicinity. Therefore, the Project would not expose people residing or working in the Project area to
excessive airport- or airstrip-related noise levels and no impact would occur.
Mitigation Measures from the Final EIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
There are no new potentially significant impacts associated with the proposed Project; therefore, no new
and/or refined mitigation measures are required.
Cumulative Noise Impacts
Similar to the findings of the Fontana GP EIR, the proposed project would not generate significant and
unavoidable impacts. Noise levels associated with construction and operation of the proposed Project
would not exceed the City’s noise standards. Similarly, project groundborne vibration would not exceed
the structural damage criterion or human annoyance criterion. The Project was found to not expose
people residing or working in the project area to excessive airport noise. As shown above in Tables 12 and
13, the Project’s impacts are within the limit of impacts identified in the Fontana GP EIR. As a result, the
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 116 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
proposed project would not result in any new or more severe cumulative impacts than previously analyzed
in the Fontana GP EIR.
Overall Noise Impacts Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to noise. Therefore, the
preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 117 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.13 Population and Housing
4.13.1 Summary of Previous Environmental Analysis
According to the FEIR, development of the Fontana GP Update area would not result in any impacts to
existing residential units on-site. Should future development proposals result in the potential for
displacement of residential uses, each development application would be reviewed on a case-by-case
basis for impacts. In addition, any potential impacts to existing on-site housing within the Fontana GP
Update area is anticipated to occur over a long period of time, and the construction of replacement
housing would not be required. As such, the FEIR concluded that impacts in this regard would be less than
significant, and no mitigation measures were recommended.
Would the GPU induce substantial population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by
proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of roads or other
infrastructure)?
Implementation of the GPU could result in an additional 23,492 households and an additional 40,599
employees within the GPU Planning Area. Due to the focused nature of the GPU on the Downtown Core
and Livable Corridors and the fact that no infrastructure improvements are proposed for the areas where
new residential development would occur, the General Plan Update is predicted to accommodate
anticipated population growth within the City in an orderly manner. A less than significant impact would
occur. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.11-2).
Would the GPU displace substantial numbers of existing housing, necessitating the construction of
replacement housing elsewhere?
The GPU would not result in the direct displacement or demolition of residential structures because it
does not authorize specific construction projects, development plans, or other land-altering activity. The
GPU could result in indirect impacts by establishing land use policies that provide incentives for private
redevelopment initiatives in the Downtown Core and Livable Corridors. The Downtown Area Plan
designates land for the development of high-density transit-oriented housing that accommodates and
encourages the development of housing under the State Housing Element Law. A less than significant
impact would occur. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.11-6).
Would the GPU displace substantial numbers of people, necessitating the construction of replacement
housing elsewhere?
Per the GPU EIR, the GPU would not result in any direct displacement of substantial numbers of people
because it does not authorize any construction or redevelopment activity that would displace people. The
GPU designates the Downtown Core and Livable Corridors as land for the development of transit oriented,
high-density housing that accommodates and encourages development of housing for low-income
persons. A less than significant impact would occur. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.11-6).
Cumulative GPU Population and Housing Impacts
Under the General Plan Update, no permanent or temporary housing units would need to be or are
proposed to be removed, relocated, or otherwise displaced to implement the General Plan. It was
determined that the General Plan would not contribute to cumulative impacts involving displacement of
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 118 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
housing or persons since General Plan Update policies allow for an increase in new housing construction
relative to current conditions. Based on the General Plan Update land use plan and the intensity levels
specified therein, the ultimate population, employment capacity, and number of dwelling units would
increase when compared to existing conditions; however, these increases were not considered
cumulatively considerable (GPU EIR, pg. 7-6).
Analysis of Proposed Project
Threshold (a) Induce substantial population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by
proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of
roads or other infrastructure)?
Threshold (b) Displace substantial numbers of existing housing, necessitating the construction of
replacement housing elsewhere?
Threshold (c) Displace substantial numbers of people, necessitating the construction of replacement
housing elsewhere?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to population and housing
to be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.13.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would include the development of 595 multi-family residential units across the 28.4-acre site.
As determined by the California Department of Finance, the City has a persons per household ratio of
3.7.18 As such, implementation of the Project could potentially result in the generation of approximately
2,202 additional residents. The City has a 2021 – 2029 Regional Needs Housing Allocation (RHNA) of
17,519 additional dwelling units.19 As of January 1, 2024, the City has implemented an additional 2,699
dwelling units, leaving a remaining mandate of 14,820 dwelling units as required by the RHNA, at various
income levels. As such, buildout of 595 dwelling units would aid the City in achieving the mandated RHNA
housing goal, including affordable units. Additionally, the Southern California Association of Governments
(SCAG) has predicted within the Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy
18 California Department of Finance. 2024. E-5 Population and Housing Estimates for Cities, Counties, and the State, January 2021-2024, with
2020 Benchmark. https://dof.ca.gov/forecasting/demographics/estimates/e-5-population-and-housing-estimates-for-cities-counties-and-
the-state-2020-2024/ (accessed January 2025).
19 City of Fontana. 2021. 2021-2029 Housing Element. https://www.fontanaca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/35100/Housing-Element-FAQs
(accessed January 2025).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 119 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
(RTP/SCS), otherwise known as Connect SoCal 2024, that the City will have a population of 244,000
residents by 2050, up from its current population of 214,223 residents as of January 1, 2024.20 As such,
the Project would not induce substantial unplanned population growth as the Project would be in line
with growth Projections for the City. Additionally, as the Project site was identified for future multi-family
residential development in the General Plan, the population generated from the proposed Project is also
consistent with these assumptions. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant, and no mitigation
is necessary.
Additionally, the Project site is currently vacant and would not require the displacement of any residents
to implement the Project. The Project would implement an additional 595 housing units and not require
the removal of any existing housing units. As such, no impacts would occur regarding the displacement of
existing housing and no mitigation is necessary.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Cumulative Population and Housing Impacts
As previously noted, the Project would not induce substantial unplanned population growth as the Project
would be in line with growth Projections for the City. Additionally, as the Project site was identified for
future multi-family residential development in the General Plan, the population generated from the
proposed Project is also consistent with these assumptions. Therefore, the Project would not result in
cumulative population and housing impacts.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact on population growth or
displacement of residents which would require revisions to the previously approved FEIR, worsen impacts
identified in the FEIR requiring mitigation, or discover information that was not known at the time of the
FEIR adoption. There are no new or more severe significant impacts associated with the proposed Project;
therefore.
Overall Population and Housing Impacts Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
20 SCAG. 2024. Connect SoCal 2024 Growth Forecast.
https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Fscag.ca.gov%2Fsites%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Ffile-
attachments%2F03_scag_drtp24_citytier2taz_092523.xlsx%3F1695685277&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK (accessed January 2025).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 120 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to population and housing.
Therefore, the preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 121 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.14 Public Services
4.14.1 Summary of Previous Environmental Analysis
The FEIR concluded that there is potential for service needs to increase relative to fire protection, police
protection, schools with the development/redevelopment of the Fontana GP Update area. With payment
of development impact fees, service ratios would be increased as necessary to provide adequate levels of
public services. As such, the FEIR concluded that impacts would be less than significant regarding public
services and no mitigation is necessary.
Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new
or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities,
the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain
acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for any of the public services?
(Police)
The GPU includes a number of policies and actions in support of the goal of keeping the crime rate below
state and County rates. Goal 1 is as follows: Fontana's crime rate continues to be below state and county
rates. Policies include “Promote and enhance use of anti-crime design strategies and programs” and
“Provide appropriate security for new amenities, such as trails and parks.” The need for additional police
will be incremental as the population increases. The GPU addresses the incremental need through
adoption of a policy for a long-term strategic planning process for Police services to occur every 5 years.
This plan will integrate staff, training, facilities and equipment needs into the City’s overall planning
process. The City collects Development Impact Fees for Police services with all the new developments.
These fees help offset the cost of providing police services on a project-by-project basis. The GPU goals,
policies, and actions related to police protection and functions are considered to be less than significant.
(GPU EIR, pg. 5.12-2).
Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new
or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities,
the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain
acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for any of the public services?
(Fire)
The GPU includes a number of goals, policies and actions for fire protection services through 2035. Policies
include “The City shall continue to require residential, commercial, and industrial structures to implement
fire hazard-reducing designs and features” and “Continue the City’s successful partnership with the San
Bernardino County Fire Department”. Per the GPU EIR, the precise location, size and details of future fire
stations are unknown at this time and too speculative to include in this analysis. However, potential
impacts of new and expanded fire protection facilities will be analyzed on a project-specific basis through
the City’s development review process as required by the zoning ordinance. In addition, future proposed
project(s) will have an accompanying environmental analysis as required by CEQA to disclose any potential
significant impacts and identify mitigation measures necessary to reduce significant impacts. Therefore,
the GPU is not anticipated to have a significant impact to Fire Protection. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.12-5).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 122 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new
or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities,
the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain
acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for any of the public services?
(Schools, Parks, and Libraries)
Per the GPU EIR, the GPU does not propose the development or construction of specific new school
facilities. The Fontana Unified School District Master Plan (2015) was prepared with a 2022/2023 planning
horizon. Given the projections in the 2015 Master Plan, there is excess capacity to accommodate nearly
8,000 elementary school students, 53 6-8 graders and more than 3,000 high school age children beyond
the 2022/2023 plan year. An increase in population in areas of the City may trigger the need for additional
schools. However, due to uncertainty and lack of specificity with regard to the location of new or
expanded schools the prediction of environmental impacts is speculative at this time. Therefore, no
significant impacts are known at this time to occur from the construction of new school facilities or
expansion of existing facilities. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.12-28).
Similarly, per the GPU EIR, park and recreational facility use over time is anticipated to increase as the
population increases through 2035. The City has included in the GPU, a goal of keeping all public parks
designed and maintained to a high standard, with a policy to provide sufficient funding to support
adequate park maintenance. The GPU also includes a policy to create a Fontana Parks Foundation to
support park system improvements and activities. With implementation of the GPU policies, which include
the maintenance and funding policies, parks and recreational facility are not anticipated to incur
substantial physical deterioration. Therefore, the GPU would have a less than significant impact to
recreation. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.12-35).
Additionally, per the GPU EIR, library use over time is anticipated to increase as the population increases
through 2035. The City has included in the GPU, a goal of having well-maintained public facilities (including
public libraries) that meet the needs of residents of all ages, the business community, and government.
With implementation of the GPU policies, which include the maintenance and funding policies, parks and
recreational facility are not anticipated to incur substantial physical deterioration. Therefore, the GPU
would have a less than significant impact to recreation. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.12-35).
Cumulative GPU Public Services Impacts
The General Plan Update includes policies designed to ensure that appropriate levels of service for public
services are provided by requiring funding, facilities expansion, and service enhancements commensurate
with long-term development in the City. The General Plan Update would not result in a considerable
contribution to cumulative impacts associated with the expansion of and need for public services.
4.14.2 Analysis of Proposed Project
Threshold (a) Result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or
physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered
governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant
environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times
or other performance objectives for any of the public services?
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 123 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to public services to be
less than significant. Refer to Section 4.14.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
Law Enforcement services within the City are provided by the Fontana Police Department (FPD) and
San Bernardino County Sherriff Department (SBCSD). The Fontana GP EIR has determined that the FPD
will incrementally require additional staffing as the City population increases. Development impact fees
would be paid regarding law enforcement services at a rate of $523 per 0–2-bedroom dwelling unit and a
rate of $552 for 3+ bedroom dwelling units.21 As identified in the Fontana GP EIR, no further mitigation
measures are required beyond compliance with the General Plan Update Policies and Actions as outlined
in the GPU (GPU EIR, pg. 5.12-4) The City will maintain current law enforcement service levels as the
Fontana GP is implemented, as such impacts from implementing the Project would be less than significant
and no mitigation is necessary.
Fire protection services within the City are provided by the Fontana Fire Protection District. It was
anticipated in the Fontana GP EIR that the development of land uses proposed within the Fontana GP area
would result in an increase in demand for fire protection services, and that additional fire protection
facilities would be required to meet the increase in demand. The nearest fire station to the Project site is
located approximately 2 miles southeast at 7110 Citrus Avenue (Fire Station 78). This station is staffed
with one captain, one engineer, two firefighter medics, and one firefighter. This station is also equipped
with one medic engine and one squad vehicle, and services the northern portion of the City of Fontana.
As previously discussed, the GPU includes a number of goals, policies and actions for fire protection
services through 2035. Policies include “The City shall continue to require residential, commercial, and
industrial structures to implement fire hazard-reducing designs and features” and “Continue the City’s
successful partnership with the San Bernardino County Fire Department”. Per the GPU EIR, the precise
location, size and details of future fire stations are unknown at this time and too speculative to include in
this analysis. However, potential impacts of new and expanded fire protection facilities will be analyzed
on a project-specific basis through the City’s development review process as required by the zoning
ordinance. In addition, future proposed project(s) will have an accompanying environmental analysis as
required by CEQA to disclose any potential significant impacts and identify mitigation measures necessary
to reduce significant impacts. Additionally, although the Project is not within a FHSZ, all 2022 CBC
21 City of Fontana. 2024. Development Fees. https://www.fontanaca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/2271/Development-Impact-Fees-2024?bidId=
(accessed January 2025).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 124 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
regulations and 2022 California Fire Code (CFC) regulations would be followed to ensure safe conditions
for occupants of the Project site.
Therefore, the GPU is not anticipated to have a significant impact to Fire Protection. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.12-5).
Buildout of the Project would consequently increase the demand for fire protection services in Fontana.
However, the Project would be developed in accordance with applicable City, County, and State
regulations, codes, and policies pertaining to fire hazard reduction and protection. More specifically, the
Project would be developed in accordance with the latest California Fire Code and latest Building
Standards Code. All associated Project buildings would be equipped with emergency sprinkler systems
and fire detectors. Water lines with fire-sufficient flows supplied by FWC would be connected to fire
hydrants placed in accordance with Fontana Fire Protection District (FFPD) standards. The applicant is also
required to pay Development Impact Fees (DIF) pursuant to Section 11-2 of the City’s Municipal Code
which would help offset any additional fire protection demands. Impacts from implementing the Project
would be less than significant and no mitigation is necessary.
Upon completion of buildout of the General Plan, the demand for school services would increase,
especially in the northern portion of the City, as anticipated in the Fontana GP EIR. The increase in demand
for school services would require the addition of school facilities including one middle school and up to
two elementary schools. Development impact fees would be paid regarding school services at a rate of
$494 per 0–2-bedroom dwelling unit and a rate of $520 for 3+ bedroom dwelling units. Project
implementation may result in a minimal increase in demand for school services.
Senate Bill 50 (SB 50) amended California Government Code (CGC) § 65995, which contains limitations on
Education Code § 17620, the statute that authorizes school districts to assess development fees within
school district boundaries. CGC § 65995(b)(3) requires the maximum square footage assessment for
development to be increased every two years, according to inflation adjustments. According to CGC §
65995(h), the payment of statutory fees is “deemed to be full and complete mitigation of the impacts of
any legislative or adjudicative act, or both, involving, but not limited to, the planning, use, or development
of real property, or any change in governmental organization or reorganization . . . on the provision of
adequate school facilities.” The school district is responsible for implementing the specific methods for
mitigating school impacts under the CGC. Therefore, per the requirements of SB 50, payment of
development impact fees is considered full mitigation for impacts to schools. Impacts would be less than
significant, and the Project would be consistent with the Fontana GP EIR.
At the time of the Fontana GP EIR, the City provided approximately 5 acres of parkland per 1,000 residents
within the City22. The Project would include the development of a three-story multi-family residential
buildings across three sites. Approximately 64,355 sf of common open space and approximately 74,000 sf
of common courtyard space would be provided throughout the Project site., which would provide
recreational space for the residents of the proposed Project.
Additionally, new development is required by the City to provide public parkland dedicated to the City or
payment of a fee in lieu thereof, to maintain the City’s parkland. Payment of developer impact fees at a
rate of $7,347 per 0–2-bedroom dwelling unit and $7,733 per 3+ bedroom dwelling unit would ensure the
City continues to have funds dedicated to parkland. With a standard of 5 acres per 1,000 residents, the
City would need 1,345 acres of park land. The City currently has approximately 1,621 acres total in parks
22 Fontana Forward General Plan Update 2015-2035 EIR, page 5.12-34.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 125 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
and land for public use, enough to meet this performance standard, therefore based on future populations
projections associated with the planning horizon of the GPU there would not be a need for new or altered
parks.
The General Plan EIR identified that the build out under the General Plan Update, which the proposed
Project is consistent with) would not exceed the performance standard set for parks, by requiring future
development to either provide parkland or payment of fees in lieu thereof. As such, the Goals, Policies,
and Actions associated with the General Plan Update are considered to have a less than significant impact
on parks and recreation (GPU EIR, pg. 5.12-35). Additionally, approximately 64,355 sf of common open
space and approximately 74,000 sf of common courtyard space would be provided throughout the Project
site.
The Project would be consistent with the findings of the Fontana GP EIR and have less than significant
impact.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact on public services which would
require revisions to the previously approved FEIR, worsen impacts identified in the FEIR requiring
mitigation, or discover information that was not known at the time of the FEIR adoption. The Project
would result in no substantial adverse physical impacts associated with fire protection, police protection,
schools, parks, and other public facilities, and the Project is anticipated to have a less than significant
impact with payment of development impact fees.
Cumulative Public Services Impacts
The Project would not substantially increase the need for public services in the City. Anticipated increase
demands for public services within the City was accounted for in the General Plan, as noted above and
analyzed in the General Plan EIR, which accounts for cumulative growth in the City. In addition, related to
all public services, the Project applicant would pay the required development fees that would be
appropriately allocated for police, fire, schools, and other public facilities.
Similar to the Project, other cumulative projects would be required to demonstrate their level of impact
on public services including paying the appropriate development fees; therefore, the past, present, and
future projects would not result in a cumulative impact related to the provision of public services.
Overall Public Services Impacts Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 126 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to public services. Therefore,
the preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 127 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.15 Recreation
4.15.1 Summary of Previous Environmental Analysis
The FEIR concluded that the future development associated with the Fontana GP Update would result in
a less than significant impact. The FEIR determined that the City would have adequate recreation service
levels. Population growth within the City is anticipated, and the City has adequate recreation service levels
to account for population increases. As such, the FEIR determined impacts would be less than significant
regarding recreation and no mitigation is necessary.
Would the project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational
facilities which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment?
According to the GPU EIR, the performance objective or standard for parks and recreation is 5 acres of
parkland for every 1,000 residents (two acres of community parks for every 1,000 residents and three
acres of neighborhood parks for every 1,000 residents). The City population in 2035 is expected to be
269,066. With a standard of 5 acres per 1,000 residents, the City would need 1,345 acres of park land. The
City currently has approximately 1,621 acres total in parks and land for public use, enough to meet this
performance standard, therefore based on future populations projections associated with the planning
horizon of the GPU there would not be a need for new or altered parks. Impacts would be less than
significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.12-34).
A project is considered to have a significant impact if the project increases the use of existing
neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical
deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated.
Per the GPU EIR, park and recreational facility use over time is anticipated to increase as the population
increases through 2035. The City has included in the GPU, a goal of keeping all public parks designed and
maintained to a high standard, with a policy to provide sufficient funding to support adequate park
maintenance. Development fees collected for parks can be used for acquiring land, developing facilities,
and performing maintenance. The GPU also includes a policy to create a Fontana Parks Foundation to
support park system improvements and activities. With implementation of the GPU policies, which include
the maintenance and funding policies, parks and recreational facility are not anticipated to incur
substantial physical deterioration. Therefore, the GPU would have a less than significant impact to
recreation. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.12-35).
Cumulative GPU Recreation Impacts
The context for assessing cumulative impacts to parks and recreation resources are at the regional level,
where multijurisdictional growth would put pressure on the availability and condition of parks and
recreation facilities. Incremental residential growth in the City and in its surroundings would increase the
demand for local, community, and regional recreation resources. The General Plan Update land use plan
does not allocate specific land for parks and recreation uses but includes policies for collecting fees from
new development to develop and maintain community park facilities. Given the City’s record of
commitment to park facilities maintenance and the considerable acreage of regional and institutional
parkland nearby that supplement City owned parks, the potential impact of the General Plan Update on
recreation is not considered cumulatively considerable (GPU EIR, pg. 7-7).Analysis of Proposed Project
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 128 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Threshold (a) A project may also be considered to have a significant impact if it includes recreational
facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities which might
have an adverse physical effect on the environment?
Threshold (b) A project is considered to have a significant impact if the project increases the use of
existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that
substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to recreation to be less
than significant. Refer to Section 4.15.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
As noted in Section 4.14, Public Services, above, the FEIR determined that impacts to parks and recreation
uses would be less than significant. With a standard of 5 acres of parkland per 1,000 residents, the City
anticipates adequate parkland availability through 2035 with a projected population of 269,066
individuals as determined by the Fontana GP. The City would require approximately 1,345 acres of
parkland to meet their parkland availability requirements in 2035, and currently has approximately 1,621
acres of parkland available. Additionally, the Project would be required to pay all applicable park
development impact fees including $7,347 per 0–2-bedroom dwelling unit and $7,733 per 3+ bedroom
dwelling unit. As such, Project impacts would be less than significant regarding impacts to recreation
facilities and no additional mitigation is necessary. Additionally, approximately 64,355 sf of common open
space and approximately 74,000 sf of common courtyard space would be provided throughout the Project
site.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
There are no new or more severe significant impacts associated with the Project. A less than significant
impact would occur at a project-level as the City anticipates adequate park capacity and the Project would
pay development impact fees.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 129 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Cumulative Recreation Impacts
As previously discussed, the Project would be required to pay all applicable park development impact
fees. As such, Project impacts would be less than significant regarding impacts to recreation facilities and
no additional mitigation is necessary. Additionally, approximately 64,355 sf of common open space and
approximately 74,000 sf of common courtyard space would be provided throughout the Project site.
Similar to the Project, other cumulative projects would be required to demonstrate their level of impact
on recreational facilities including paying the appropriate development fees; therefore, the past, present,
and future projects would not result in a cumulative impact related to the provision of recreation.
Overall Recreation Impacts Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to recreation. Therefore,
the preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 130 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.16 Transportation
4.16.1 Summary of Previous Environmental Analysis
The revised CEQA Guidelines include a new separate discussion for vehicle miles traveled (VMT). At the
time of the Fontana GP adoption, level of service (LOS) was considered an acceptable criterion for
determining significance of impacts; however, the City completed a VMT analysis for informational
purposes. The VMT analysis and Fontana GP EIR concluded that impacts regarding transportation with
relation to the Fontana GP would be less than significant with mitigation incorporated.
Would the project conflict with an applicable plan, ordinance, or policy establishing measures of
effectiveness for the performance of the circulation system, taking into account all modes of
transportation including mass transit and non-motorized travel and relevant components of the
circulation system, including, but not limited to, intersections, streets, highways, and freeways,
pedestrian and bicycle paths, and mass transit?
According to the GPU EIR, the intent of the Transportation Goals, Policies, and Actions, which is to connect
neighborhoods and City destinations by expanding transportation choice, is consistent with current State
planning practices as regulated by the California Complete Streets Act (AB 1358), the Sustainable
Communities and Climate Protection Act (SB 375), the Global Warming Solutions Act (AB 32), and SB 743.
Additionally, the GPU is consistent with the Regional Transportation Plan (RTP) outlined in the Regional
Transportation Plan-Sustainable Communities Strategy (RTP-SCS) as well as the existing and planned
pedestrian and bicycle facilities within the planning area as depicted in the City’s recently adopted Active
Transportation Plan (ATP). The ATP envisions the City as a community where people of all ages and abilities
can easily, comfortably, and safely walk or ride a bicycle, or use other mobility devices to access jobs,
schools, public transit, shopping, and other destinations as a part of daily life. Overall, implementation of
GPU Transportation Goals, Policies and Actions and compliance with existing development regulations
would result in less than significant impacts to established State, regional, and ATP plans and policies.
(GPU EIR, pg. 5.13-15).
Would the project conflict with an applicable CMP, including, but not limited to, LOS standards and
travel demand measures, or other standards established by the county congestion management agency
for designated roads or highways?
Per the GPU EIR, the CMP was enacted by Proposition 111 with the intent to provide the analytical basis
for transportation decisions through the STIP process, a multi-year capital improvement program of
transportation projects on and off the State Highway System, funded with revenues from the State
Highway Account and other funding sources. No changes to the classifications of the City’s roadways are
proposed as part of the GPU, thereby maintaining consistency with the CMP roadway system. There are
nine County CMP roadways in the City, including Citrus Avenue. The TIA for the GPU EIR found that Citrus
Avenue would exceed the CMP threshold of LOS “E”. The remaining CMP roadways within the City are
forecast to operate equal to or less than the CMP threshold of LOS “E”. With the implementation of MM-
TRA-1, consisting of traffic calming treatments to reduce traffic volumes and/or an increase in vehicular
capacity obtained by constructing a raised median, the impact to this segment of Citrus Avenue would be
less than significant with mitigation incorporated. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.13-34).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 131 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Would the project result in a change in air traffic patterns, including either an increase in traffic levels
or a change in location that results in substantial safety risks?
There are no airports in the City, nor would the GPU result in the development of a new airport in the City
or County. The GPU would not introduce new land uses that could prevent safety hazards to air traffic.
Impacts from changes in air traffic patterns will be controlled by compliance with applicable federal, state,
and local regulations. The GPU would result in a less than significant impact due to a change in air traffic
patterns. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.13-36).
Would the project substantially increase hazards due to a design feature (e.g., sharp curves or
dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment)?
As discussed in the GPU EIR, hazards are defined as changes to circulation patterns that could result in
unsafe driving or pedestrian conditions. Examples of hazards include inadequate vision or stopping
distance, sharp roadway curves where there is an inability to see oncoming traffic, or vehicular/pedestrian
traffic conflicts. Future projects under the GPU would not substantially increase hazards due to design
features or incompatible uses and would not introduce design features incompatible with current
circulation patterns. City standards include appropriate roadway widths, medians, bicycle lanes and other
improvements consistent with the designated roadway functional classifications and provide for safe
streets. Impacts would be less than significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.13-36).
Would the project result in inadequate emergency access?
Per the GPU EIR, inadequate emergency access can delay or prevent responders from arriving at an
emergency location. This can exacerbate an emergency situation leading to an increase potential loss of
life and property. Future development would be subject to the provisions of the City’s Fire Code regarding
providing adequate emergency access. The GPU does not include policies that would change standards
related to emergency access, nor would it interfere with policy implementation. Impacts would be less
than significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.13-37).
Would the project conflict with adopted policies, plans, or programs regarding public transit, bicycle, or
pedestrian facilities, or otherwise decrease the performance of safety of such facilities?
Bus service in the City is provided by Omnitrans and VVTA, and commuter rail service is provided by SCRRA
regional Metrolink service, with a station located downtown. The GPU’s Goals, Policies, and Actions have
been formulated to support the City’s vision to take advantage of more transportation choices, to walk
and bike to nearby parks, schools and stores, use transit and ride sharing, and drive longer distances as
needed. The GPU does not include policies that would reduce access to transit, pedestrian, or bicycle
facilities, nor would it interfere with ATP policy implementation. Impacts would be less than significant.
(GPU EIR, pg. 5.13-37).
Note that outside of MM TRA-1, MM-TRA-2 through -4 were included which includes best practices to be
applied to future projects, as necessary, to reduce impacts to less than significant levels.
Cumulative GPU Traffic Impacts
The General Plan Update would result in approximately 19 percent lower VMT per capita in comparison
to the current General Plan based on the SBTAM data. Based on the traffic analysis, the General Plan
Update would result in potentially significant impacts to the traffic and transportation network as average
daily traffic (ADT) would exceed an established level of service (LOS) threshold. However, with
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 132 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
implementation of proposed improvements identified in the General Plan EIR, growth allowed under the
General Plan Update would result in a less than significant impact regarding conflict with an applicable
plan and therefore would not contribute to cumulatively considerable traffic impacts (GPU EIR, pg. 7-8).
Analysis of Proposed Project
Threshold (a) Conflict with an applicable plan, ordinance, or policy establishing measures of
effectiveness for the performance of the circulation system, taking into account all
modes of transportation including mass transit and non-motorized travel and relevant
components of the circulation system, including but not limited to intersections,
streets, highways and freeways, pedestrian and bicycle paths, and mass transit?
Threshold (b) Conflict with an applicable CMP, including, but not limited to LOS standards and travel
demand measures, or other standards established by the county congestion
management agency for designated roads or highways?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to transportation plan
conflict to be less than significant with mitigation incorporated. Refer to Section 4.16.1 for a summary of
the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
As determined by the Vehicle Miles Traveled Analysis and Traffic Study (prepared by Kimley-Horn, see
Appendix G1 and Appendix G2, respectively), the Project VMT impacts are determined by Project-
generated VMT and the Project effect on VMT. Project-generated VMT is the assessment based on trips
and trip distances of project-specific trip origins and destinations. The effect on VMT is an estimate of how
VMT within the City will change once a project is built and new and existing traffic redistributes.
As described in the Fontana GP EIR Guidelines, the VMT significance threshold is based on a transportation
efficiency metric. The efficiency metric used in this analysis is Origin-Destination (OD) VMT per service
population. The calculation of the VMT efficiency metric using the OD method has two components – the
total number of weekday trips generated for each origin-destination pair and the trip length (skims) of
each vehicle between each origin-destination pair traffic analysis zones (TAZ). OD VMT per service
population is determined by dividing the total VMT by total population and employment derived from the
model. Using the OD method, VMT per service population was calculated using two methods: the total
number of weekday trips generated for each origin-destination pair and the trip length of each vehicle
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 133 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
between each origin-destination pair. To determine Project-generated VMT, the difference in VMT
between the No Project and With Project conditions was calculated under both Existing and Cumulative
conditions.
Consistent with the City’s VMT Guidelines and MM TRA-2, the Project’s effect on VMT was evaluated
using the boundary method. The boundary method is the total daily VMT within a specific area calculated
by multiplying the daily vehicle traffic volume on all the roadway segments by the length of each of the
roadway segments within that specific study area. This approach includes all trips, including those trips
that do not begin or end in the designated boundary. This method also captures the effect of cut-through
and/or displaced traffic within the specific study area. The VMT impact is determined by normalizing the
boundary VMT by the service population and comparing the results between the with and the without
project conditions. The Project effect on VMT using the boundary method was evaluated for the citywide
boundary.
VMT Results
Table 14: Existing Year (2024) Origin-Destination VMT shows the expected OD VMT generated from the
Project during Existing Year conditions (2024). The County has a baseline threshold of 27.1 for projects to
generate a significant impact; however, the project would generate approximately 25.6 OD VMT per
individual within the service population. Additionally, Table 15: Cumulative Year (2045) Origin-
Destination VMT shows that the Project would be expected to generate approximately 24.3 OD VMT per
induvial within the service area under Cumulative Year conditions (2045).
As shown in Table 16: Existing Year (2024) Boundary VMT, there is an increase in City Boundary VMT
between with and without project conditions. However, when comparing the City Boundary VMT per
service population between the No Project (15.06) and the Plus Project (15.01), the Plus Project conditions
result in a decreased VMT per service population.
Similarly, Table 17: Cumulative Year (2045) Boundary VMT shows this same relationship under the
cumulative year conditions. The cumulative Plus Project VMT per service population (17.14) decreases
compared to the No Project (17.18).
Table 14: Existing Year (2024) Origin-Destination VMT
VMT Metric Project
County Baseline Threshold (2019) 27.1
OD VMT 62,923
Service Population 2,462
OD VMT/Service Population 25.6
Source: Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. Vehicle Miles Traveled Analysis. 2025
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 134 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Table 15: Cumulative Year (2045) Origin-Destination VMT
VMT Metric Project
County Baseline Threshold (2019) 27.1
OD VMT 59,894
Service Population 2,462
OD VMT/Service Population 24.3
Source: Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. Vehicle Miles Traveled Analysis. 2025
Table 16: Existing Year (2024) Boundary VMT
VMT Metric No Project Plus Project
City Boundary VMT 5,107,340 5,126,954
City Service Population 339,181 341,590
City Boundary VMT/Service Population 15.06 15.01
Source: Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. Vehicle Miles Traveled Analysis. 2025
Table 17: Cumulative Year (2045) Boundary VMT
VMT Metric No Project Plus Project
City Boundary VMT 6,151,698 6,172,198
City Service Population 357,981 360,169
City Boundary VMT/Service Population 17.18 17.14
Source: Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. Vehicle Miles Traveled Analysis. 2025
Based on the results shown in the above tables, the Project does not exceed the City’s threshold under
the Existing Year and Cumulative Year conditions and the City’s boundary VMT per service population
does not the increase under plus project conditions for both Existing Year and Cumulative Year conditions.
Additionally, the Project would incorporate MM TRA-3 to ensure payment of development impact fees to
relevant transportation departments to ensure compliance with applicable City circulation policies. As
such, the Project would not conflict with program, plan, ordinance or policy addressing the circulation
system or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines section 15064.3. Therefore, the Project’s effect on VMT
impact is considered to be less than significant and no mitigation is necessary.
LOS Results
The Traffic Report prepared a Level of Service (LOS) analysis evaluating service level impacts at
intersections as a result of Project implementation. The Project is estimated to generate approximately
4,284 daily trips with 286 trips (89 inbound and 197 outbound) in the morning peak hour and 339 trips
(193 inbound and 146 outbound) in the evening peak hour. The Traffic Report evaluated nine existing
intersections and two future intersections at the Project ingress/ egress. Two existing intersections,
Pinehurst Lane at Summit Avenue and Citrus Avenue at Sierra Lakes Parkway, currently operate at an LOS
E and LOS D respectively. Peak traffic conditions, including the Project generated trips, would be worsened
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 135 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
at Summit Avenue and Citrus Avenue at Sierra Lakes Parkway, as operations would be pushed to a LOS F
and LOS D respectively, all other evaluated intersections would remain at acceptable levels.
Based on the City of Fontana TIA Guidelines and significance thresholds presented earlier in Appendix G2,
under Existing plus Project conditions, the following study intersections would experience a project-
related effect due to the increase in delay caused by the addition of project traffic:
#7 – Pinehurst Lane at Summit Avenue: AM – LOS F (Northbound approach)
Under Opening Year 2028 plus Project Conditions, the following study intersection would experience a
project-related effect due to the increase in delay caused by the addition of project traffic:
#7 – Pinehurst Lane at Summit Avenue: AM – LOS F (Northbound approach)
Under Horizon Year 2050 plus Project Conditions, the following study intersection would experience a
project-related effect due to the increase in delay caused by the addition of project traffic:
#7 – Pinehurst Lane at Summit Avenue: AM – LOS F (Northbound approach); PM – LOS F
(Northbound approach)
Implementation of the following improvements under applicable Existing, Opening Year 2028, and
Horizon Year 2050 scenarios are recommended to address the LOS deficiency at the following study
intersections:
#7 – Pinehurst Lane at Summit Avenue
Install All-way Stop Sign
A summary of the intersection operation before and after implementation of the recommended
improvements is provided on Table 18. The Project would be required to comply with MM TRA_2 and
TRA-3 from the FEIR, which identify that improvements may include a combination of fee payments to
established programs, construction of specific improvements, payment of a fair-share contribution
toward future improvements, or a combination of these approaches. The project fair share proportion for
non-programmed improvements at the deficient study intersections under Opening Year 2028 and
Horizon Year 2050 conditions are shown on Table 9 of the TIA provided in Appendix G2.
Table 18: Intersection Operations with and without Improvements
Int. # Intersection Improvements Peak
Hour
Proposed
Traffic
Control
OPENING YEAR 2028 HORIZON YEAR 2050
Without
Project
With
Project
With
Improvements
Without
Project
With
Project
With
Improvements
Delay LOS Delay LOS Delay LOS Delay LOS Delay LOS Delay LOS
7
Pinehurst
Lane at
Summit
Avenue
• Install All-
Way Stop
Sign
AM U 78.6 F 101.6 F 15.5 C >180 F >180 F 29.2 D
PM U 28.1 D 31.3 D 12.8 B 46.4 E 53.5 F 17.0 C
As identified in Table 18, with the installation of an all way stop sign at the intersection of Pinehurst Lane
and Summit Avenue, the intersection would operate at acceptable levels during both opening year (2028)
and horizon year (2050), and as such, impacts would be less than significant. All other study intersections
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 136 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
were found to operate at acceptable levels with implementation of Project traffic, as identified in Table 7
of the TIA located in Appendix G2.
The Project would pay fair-share contributions to implement specific improvements as identified above
to benefit service levels in the Project area. Additionally, the Project Applicant has committed to install an
all way stop sign at the intersection of Pinehurst Avenue and Summit Avenue; refer to PDF TRA-1 below.
As such, impacts would be less than significant and no mitigation is necessary.
Project Design Features
TRA-1 The Project Applicant will install an all-way stop sign at the intersection of Pinehurst Lane and
Summit Avenue prior during project construction.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
MM TRA-2 Prior to the issuance of building permits, the project applicant shall participate in the City
of Fontana's Development Impact Fee (DIF) program by paying the requisite DIF fee at the
time of the building permit. The Measure I fee program relies upon local jurisdictions to
implement mitigation programs by collecting fees for regional improvements; however,
the San Bernardino County Transportation Authority (SBCTA) does not dictate how
individual jurisdictions allocate their costs for regional improvements to new
development. Instead, each jurisdiction, including the City of Fontana, is required to
develop its own schedule of fees and implementation programs (often through a capital
improvement program (CIP)) that can demonstrate achievement of contribution levels
set in the Nexus Study for each jurisdiction. The Nexus study is based on having each
jurisdiction subject to the Nexus Study fund its share of needed regional improvements
by developing the facilities within its own jurisdiction. The Nexus Study does not rely on
the exchange of impact fees between jurisdictions as a means of mitigating impacts of
development occurring within one jurisdiction on the regional transportation facilities of
another jurisdiction. As a result, there is no allocation of arterial improvement costs to
jurisdictions outside the jurisdiction in which proposed development project is located.
Impacts of development throughout the region addressed in the Nexus Study are instead
mitigated by requiring each jurisdiction to be responsible for needed arterial
improvements within its own jurisdiction, including the share of improvements in traffic
generated in other jurisdictions. Thus, as development occurs within the various
jurisdictions subject to Nexus Study fees, all of the regional improvements included within
the Nexus Study throughout the County of San Bernardino will eventually be built.
MM TRA-3 Prior to issuance of a grading permit, applicants for future development associated with
proposed projects shall prepare site-specific traffic studies, to the satisfaction of the City's
Engineering Department. As determined by these subsequent traffic studies, traffic
improvements identified as mitigation measures shall be implemented as a condition of
the approved future development project, either through direct construction by the
project applicant and/or through development impact fees.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 137 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Conclusion
As noted above, the Project would not result in a new or more severe impact as it pertains to conflict with
a program, plan, ordinance, policy, or guideline. A less than significant impact would occur, with the
implementation of MM TRA-2 and MM TRA-3.
Threshold (c) Result in a change in air traffic patterns, including either an increase in traffic levels or
a change in location that results in substantial safety risks.
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to air traffic patterns to
be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.16.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project site is not located within an airport land use plan and is not located within two miles of a
public or private airport. The closest airport to the Project site is the Ontario International Airport, located
approximately 9.4 miles southwest of the Project site. As such, the Project would not impact air traffic
patterns, and no new or more severe significant impacts are anticipated from Project implementation.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would not impact air traffic patterns as the Project is located outside of any airport influence
area. A less than significant impact would occur, and no mitigation is necessary.
Threshold (d) Substantially increase hazards due to a design feature (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous
intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment).
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to hazards or
incompatible uses to be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.16.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR
analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 138 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would include standard construction safety measures that would include, but not be limited
to, appropriate signage and flagmen visible to approaching motorists and pedestrians indicating access
options and warnings. Furthermore, the Project would be required to station construction equipment in
a manner that does not impede on and off-site circulation.
To ensure impacts to the surrounding street system are kept to a minimum during the construction
process, it is recommended that a Construction Management Plan for the proposed Project be developed.
Construction activities typical to development like the proposed Project would include site
demolition/preparation, site grading/excavation and building construction. The Construction
Management Plan should be developed in coordination with the City of Fontana Traffic Engineer and at a
minimum, address the following:
Traffic control shall be prepared for any street closure, detour, or other disruption to traffic
circulation.
Identify the routes that trucks will utilize for the export of soil.
Specify the hours during which transport activities can occur.
The haul route will be reviewed by the City Traffic Engineer and may include circulation
modifications to help reduce impacts.
Subject to the direction of the City Traffic Engineer, haul operations associated with the hauling
of materials may be prohibited during the AM and PM peak commuter periods (i.e., between 6:00-
9:00 AM and 4:00-7:00 PM).
Require the Applicant to keep all haul routes clean and free of debris including but not limited to
gravel and dirt as a result of its operations. The Applicant shall clean adjacent streets, as directed
by the City Traffic Engineer, of any material which may have been spilled, tracked, or blown onto
adjacent streets or areas.
Use of local streets shall be prohibited.
Haul trucks entering or exiting public streets shall at all times yield to public traffic.
If hauling operations cause any damage to existing pavement, street, curb, and/or gutter along
the haul route, the applicant will be fully responsible for repairs. The repairs shall be completed
to the satisfaction of the City Traffic Engineer.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 139 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
This Plan shall meet standards established in the current CA-MUTCD as well as City of Fontana
requirements.
Reroute pedestrians to the other side of the street to utilize existing sidewalks and avoid
construction activities.
Route construction related traffic along Citrus Avenue and Summit Avenue away from school and
park areas on the east side of Citrus Avenue, where feasible.
Vehicular access for the Project site would be provided via one unsignalized right-in-right-out (RIRO)
driveway on Summit Avenue, one right-out only exit on Citrus Avenue, and one unsignalized right in and
left in and right-out restricted exit only driveway on Citrus Avenue . All driveways are located on straight
and flat roadway segments. Given these conditions, the intersection sight distance, for the right-turn
egress movement, is anticipated to be sufficient, as there are no obstructions that would impede visibility.
The Traffic Impact Assessment (Appendix G2, page 47) included a site access and safety analysis for the
proposed Project. To determine if sufficient visibility to safely turn northbound left into the project
driveway and eastbound right out of the project driveway, a sight distance analysis was conducted for the
Project Driveway at Citrus Avenue. Sight triangles were plotted at the intersection of project driveway at
Citrus Avenue to evaluate the visibility for the eastbound right-turn movement from project driveway
onto Citrus Avenue as well as the northbound left-turn movement from Citrus Avenue onto the Project
Driveway. The intersection control is proposed to be a two-way stop controlled on the eastbound
approach and free flow along Citrus Avenue. In review of the south driveway access along Citrus Avenue,
there are no access conflicts with the Sierra Lakes Elementary school access driveway on the east side of
the street due to the existing raised median on the Citrus Avenue. Additionally, the school driveway
located approximately 600’ north of the proposed project driveway. In regard to the Patricia Marrujo Park,
access is via Avenal Place which is within the neighborhood on the east side of Citrus Avenue. Therefore,
there are no site access conflicts or traffic safety concerns anticipated.
The alignment and topography lend to adequate intersection sight distance, in accordance with the
criteria outlined in the Caltrans Highway Design Manual. Additionally, all roadways would be constructed
in compliance with the City engineering department regulations and not increase hazards due to
geometric design features. As such, the Project would have a less than significant impact regarding
increased hazards and no mitigation is necessary.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no or more severe new impact as it pertains to design feature or incompatible
uses. Additionally, no new information of substantial importance that was not known and could not have
been known at the time the FEIR was certified, or the Approved Project was approved is available that
would impact the prior finding of no significant impact under this issue area.
Threshold (e) Result in inadequate emergency access?
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 140 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to emergency access to
be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.16.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would result in no or more severe new impact as it pertains to emergency access. As previously
discussed, the Project would ensure sufficient emergency access via three access driveways and efficient
on-site circulation. Furthermore, the Project would also be designed to allow the circulation of
fire/emergency response vehicles throughout the Project site. The proposed design and construction plan
for any future construction and roadway improvements to accommodate any future increase in traffic
volume would be reviewed and approved by the City engineering department and fire marshal (if needed)
during the plan review and prior to Project approval. Therefore, the Project would maintain adequate
emergency access and generate a less than significant impact.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no or more severe new impact regarding inadequate emergency access.
Impacts would be less than significant, and no mitigation is necessary.
Threshold (f) Conflict with adopted policies, plans, or programs regarding public transit, bicycle, or
pedestrian facilities, or otherwise decrease the performance of safety of such facilities?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to plan conflict to be less
than significant. Refer to Section 4.16.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 141 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not decrease the safety of alternate transportation infrastructure as the Project would
not interfere with existing transportation, bicycle, or pedestrian facilities. The Project site is bound by
Summit Avenue to the north and Citrus Avenue to the east, both of which are designated Primary
Highways under the Fontana GP and contain sidewalks for pedestrian access. Additionally, Summit
Avenue and Citrus Avenue contain class II bike lanes at the Project site with which the Project would not
interfere. The Omnitrans 82 bus route serves the Project site via a stop on Summit Avenue which would
not be impacted by the Project. As such, impacts would be less than significant regarding safety of
alternative transport facilities.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in no or more severe new impact as it pertains to alternate transportation
facilities. Impacts would be less than significant and no mitigation is necessary.
Cumulative Traffic Impacts
Transportation-related impacts associated with the Project and nearby cumulative projects may overlap
and result in temporary traffic impacts to local roadways. However as concluded above, the Project would
not result in significant traffic related impacts resulting from conflicts with regional and local
transportation plans or policies. As concluded above, the Project would be consistent with applicable
regional and local plans or policies such as mitigating traffic impacts and achieving acceptable LOS and
minimize idling times and VMT to conserve resources, protect air quality, and limit greenhouse gas
emissions. As previously discussed, the Project does not exceed the City’s threshold under the Existing
Year and Cumulative Year conditions and the City’s boundary VMT per service population does not the
increase under plus project conditions for both Existing Year and Cumulative Year conditions. Cumulative
development projects would also be required to reduce transportation-related impacts on the local
circulation system and implement any required measures that may be prescribed as conditions of
approval by the City. Therefore, the Project contribution to impacts in these regards would be less than
significant.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 142 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Overall Transportation Impacts Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to transportation. Therefore,
the preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 143 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.17 Utilities and Service Systems
4.17.1 Summary of Previous Environmental Analysis
The FEIR concluded that implementation of the Fontana GP Update would not result in significant impacts
relative to utilities and service systems.
Would the project require or result in the construction of new water treatment facilities or expansion
of existing facilities that the construction of could cause significant environmental effects?
Per the GPU EIR, the GPU does not include construction or expansion of any specific water facilities
projects, nor does the City own or maintain the water supply infrastructure. Much of the anticipated
growth is directed to areas in and around the urban core of the City where water delivery infrastructure
already exists. The water purveyors that supply water to the City have indicated the ability to serve the
population through existing entitlements and it is not anticipated that major water infrastructure would
be required; however, existing infrastructure would be required to be maintained and upgraded over time
and service extensions to new service areas would be required. The routine maintenance and
improvements would occur in a manner that is planned according to capital improvement plans
implemented by the water purveyors. Impacts would be less than significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.12-16).
Would the project have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project from existing
entitlements and resources, or are new or expanded entitlements needed?
According to the GPU EIR, the projected water demand in FWC service area for the year 2035 is
approximately 51,211 AF, or 16,244 AF over the 2015 use of 34,967 AF. The UWMP includes water sources,
demand management measures, shortage contingency planning, and lists projected projects, as well as
projected water supplies. In the 2015 UWMP, December 2017 update, the UWMP identified a “reasonably
available volume” of water of 53,711 AF, which exceeds the forecasted demand (53,562 AF). With that,
through implementation of GPU Chapter 10 Infrastructure and Green Systems Goal 1, “Fontana
collaborates with public and private agencies for an integrated and sustainable water resource
management program” and associated policies and actions, as well as implementation of the City’s codes
and ordinances related to development, impacts to water resources would be less than significant.
(GPU EIR, pg 5.12-12).
Would the project result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which serves or may
serve the project that it has adequate capacity to serve the project’s projected demand in addition to
the provider’s existing commitments?
As discussed in the GPU EIR, while the population and amount of commercial and industrial development
in the City is anticipated to increase through 2035, the various water conservation goals and policies, and
presence or absence of drought conditions will have a direct effect on the volume of wastewater. In
addition, growth anticipated with the GPU would be guided by several goals and policies for wastewater.
These include those listed below:
Collaborate closely with the Inland Empire Utilities Agency to promote innovative and resource-
efficient systems and reduce sewer fees.
Support and participate in IEUA programs that help Fontana be more resource-efficient.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 144 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Support incorporation of greywater systems in new developments.
The City’s population in 2035 is forecasted to be 269,066 people in 70,560 households, which is an
increase from the 2015 population by almost 60,000 people, or about 17,200 households. In addition,
approximately 95 million new square feet of commercial and industrial development could occur in the
planning horizon. The increase in use and population would increase the demand on the wastewater
system. However, the water conservation measures would likely serve to reduce the per capita demand
over historical levels due to diversion (graywater, recycled water), and reductions in water use from
conservation efforts. Impacts would be less than significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.12-18).
Would the project require or result in the construction of new wastewater treatment facilities or
expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental effects?
According to the GPU EIR, construction of new or improvements to existing treatment facilities depends
upon the rate and locations of growth, along with deterioration of aging facilities. The City does not
operate the regional plants, or the wastewater system. As such, the GPU does not include construction or
expansion of any specific wastewater facilities projects. Therefore, identifying the specific location(s) or
timing of new or expanded facilities is speculative. Construction of new or expanded wastewater
treatment facilities could result in environmental impacts. However, those projects would be reviewed
for the potential for site specific impacts at that time, and appropriate mitigation, if necessary, would be
applied. Therefore, no significant impacts are known at this time to occur from the construction of new
wastewater treatment facilities or expansion of existing facilities. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.12-19).
Would project wastewater treatment requirements exceed the requirements of the applicable Regional
Water Quality Control Board?
As stated in the GPU EIR, wastewater treatment is handled by the IEUA. The IEUA will be responsible for
ensuring their facilities meet the requirements of the RWQCB. The GPU calls for all new developments to
meet current building codes. Additionally, all new developments will be subject to development fees, a
portion of which would go toward sewer improvements. The City collects development impact fees for
sewer expansion to help mitigate impacts to sewer. The GPU also aims to promote innovative and
resource-efficient systems and reduce sewer fees. It does not include any goals, policies or actions that
would promote exceedances to wastewater requirements. Therefore, no significant impacts are known
at this time to occur due to the requirements of the RWQCB. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.12-20).
Would the project be served by a landfill with sufficient permitted capacity to accommodate the
project’s solid waste disposal needs?
According to the operating permit for the Mid Valley landfill, the current anticipated closure date -
corresponding to the current permitted capacity - is 2033. Using the 2016 waste generation rate reported
by CalRecycle as a statewide average (one ton per person per year) the City generates 213,000 tons of
waste per year and would generate approximately 269,000 tons per year in 2036. However, with the
targets set by AB 341 for 2020 (75 percent diversion) the projected solid waste produced in 2035 would
be less than 134,500 tons per year.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 145 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
The GPU includes several overarching goals related to solid waste. These are:
All residences and businesses have a dependable, environmentally safe means of disposing of
solid waste.
Continue providing city waste management services.
Continue to maximize diversion opportunities and landfill capacity by supporting recycling
innovations, such as E-waste, commercial, multi-family and organic waste recycling programs.
With adherence to the municipal code, environmental review procedures, and the GPU policies to
minimize impacts to landfill capacity, impacts would be less than significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.12-21).
Would the project comply with federal, state, and local statutes and regulations related to solid waste?
The City provides its residents with recycling and diversion information through the County’s Solid Waste
Management Division. The City contracts with Burrtec Industries to collect municipal solid waste. Burrtec
delivers solid waste to the Mid-Valley Landfill, which operates under a permit from San Bernardino County
Department of Public Health, Solid Waste Management Division which requires regular reporting and
monitors compliance. The General Plan Update is not anticipated to negatively affect the ability of the
solid waste handler or receiver site to comply with regulations. Therefore, impacts would be a less than
significant. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.12-23).
Would the project require or result in the construction of new storm water treatment drainage facilities
or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental
effects?
Per the GPU EIR, the GPU does not propose to change drainage patterns within the GPU Planning Area.
Instead, it will adopt policies and actions to limit the additional amount of stormwater from new
development and protect water quality throughout the City and SOI. The GPU includes several goals,
policies and actions toward responsible stormwater management. The overall goals are to: 1) Use natural
stormwater management (“green infrastructure”) when possible and 2) design for aesthetic and
recreational benefits.
Future stormwater conveyance facilities may be required to extend or expand – and pay for - storm drain
facilities per the City’s Master Plan of Drainage. Site specific issues or deficiencies would be addressed
through development review process through the City. Other projects contained in the City’s Capital
Improvement Program (CIP) would be paid for in part or in whole through or collection of development
impact fees. The City collects Development Fees to mitigate development impacts to storm drainage.
Impacts of the installation or expansion of storm drain facilities would be addressed on a per project basis
for compliance with City ordinances including the MSWMP and CEQA. Therefore, no significant impacts
are known at this time to occur from the construction of new stormwater conveyance facilities or
expansion of existing facilities. (GPU EIR, pg. 5.12-24).
Cumulative GPU Utilities Impacts
The context for assessing cumulative impacts to utilities and service systems varies depending on the
service area and capacity of the utility which may vary from the City, San Bernardino County, or (in terms
of water) even statewide. Long-term maintenance and potential expansion of water, wastewater, flood
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 146 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
control, and solid waste disposal facilities will be required as the region continues to grow and existing
infrastructure ages. Utility providers currently impose development impact fees, connection fees, and
service fees designed to maintain and incrementally expand infrastructure to meet existing and growing
demand. Future development in the Project vicinity and throughout the region would be subject to such
fees in accordance with applicable ordinances and service master plans. The General Plan Update would
not have a cumulatively considerable impact on these facilities because the General Plan Update includes
policies that support water conservation, wastewater reuse, and recycling that would reduce impacts on
regional utilities. These policies, coupled with existing regulations, would provide for cumulatively
considerable impacts to utilities and service systems to be less than significant (GPU EIR, pg. 7-7).
4.17.2 Analysis of Proposed Project
Threshold (a) Require or result in the construction of new water or wastewater treatment facilities or
expansion of existing facilities that the construction of which could cause significant
environmental effects?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to wastewater treatment
facilities to be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.17.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project’s proposed multi-family residential uses are consistent with Fontana GP zoning designation
and Village FBC district. Additionally, the Project would be consistent with the Fontana Water Company
(FWC) population projections for the FWC service area.23 As such, the proposed use has been previously
accounted for in the FEIR, including the potential water and wastewater required for the site.
Because the Project site is consistent with the current land use and zoning designations, the Project’s
future water demand is anticipated to have a negligible impact on the previously mentioned resources
and the expansion of existing facilities or implementation of new facilities would not be warranted.
Therefore, associated impacts are considered less than significant. Accordingly, no new or more severe
significant impact from a previously identified significant impact evaluated in the FEIR would occur.
As discussed further below, the City is a member agency of the Inland Empire Utilities Agency (IEUA),
which provides the City contracting privileges with the Agency for off-site collection, treatment, disposal,
23 Fontana Water Company. 2021. Urban Water Management Plan Table 3-2. https://www.fontanawater.com/wp-
content/uploads/2021/10/FWC-2020-UWMP-June-2021-Final.pdf (accessed January 2025).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 147 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
and reuse of wastewater. The Fontana GP has determined that with water saving measures in place, and
with projected population increases accounted for, the IEUA would have adequate wastewater treatment
capacity to service the Project site.24
Additionally, the IEUA 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) has accounted for increased
wastewater generation as a result of more multi-family residential units being constructed.25 The IEUA
anticipates adequate capacity to service the 595-unit Project and buildout of the Fontana GP. Therefore,
no new wastewater treatment facilities or expanded wastewater treatment facilities would be required
to service the Project. As such, the proposed use has been previously accounted for in the FEIR, including
the potential wastewater treatment required for the site.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in a less than significant impact as it pertains to placement of water or
wastewater treatment facilities. Additionally, no new information of substantial importance that was not
known and could not have been known at the time the FEIR was certified is available that would impact
the prior finding of no significant impact.
Threshold (b) Not have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project from existing
entitlements and resources, or are new or expanded entitlements needed?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to water supplies to be
less than significant. Refer to Section 4.17.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
As previously discussed, the FEIR determined that implementation of the Project would have a less than
significant impact, with respect to water supplies. No potable groundwater wells are proposed as part of
the Project. As determined by the WSA included as Appendix M, the Project would be served with potable
water by the FWC. The FWC anticipates a population increase in the FWC service area, as determined by
24 City of Fontana. 2018. Fontana GP Wastewater. https://www.fontanaca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/29524/Draft-Environmental-Impact-
Report-for-the-General-Plan-Update (accessed January 2025).
25 Inland Empire Utilities Agency. 2020. Urban Water Management Plan. https://www.ieua.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Final-IEUA-2020-
UWMP.pdf (accessed March 2025).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 148 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
the FWC Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP), from its current service population of 236,754
individuals in 2020 to 281,020 individuals by 2045.26 The WSA analyzed population density for the Project
and was estimated considering the type and size of the units and the average of 3.70 persons per
household within the City of Fontana. Based on the type and size of the dwelling units, the estimated
number of people per unit is primarily between 3 and 4 people. From this, a total population of 2,181
people has been estimated for the proposed Project.
Based on the total estimated population of 2,181 people and the indoor water use factor of 55 GPCD, the
projected residential water demand for the proposed Project is approximately 134.4 AFY (or 2,181 people
x 365 days x 55 GPCD x (1 acre-foot / 325,851 gallons)). A summary of the estimated residential water
demands is provided in Table 9 of the WSA, located in Appendix M of this Addendum EIR.
The total estimated water demand for the portion of the proposed Project within FWC’s service area,
which includes the indoor residential water demands (134.4 AFY), landscape irrigation (13.2 AFY), and
swimming pools (2.1 AFY) is approximately 149.7 AFY. However, in order for FWC to provide 149.7 AFY to
the Project site, FWC will need to produce water supplies which account for water losses within its water
distribution system. Pursuant to Water Loss Audits prepared by FWC (pursuant to the California Water
Code), FWC’s water system losses have averaged approximately 7.2 percent over the past five years (from
calendar year 2019 to calendar year 2023). Accounting for this average water loss, FWC would need to
produce approximately 161.3 AFY of potable water in order to supply 149.7 AFY to the Project site. It
should be noted that proposed potable water supplies have not been provided to the Project site for many
years. As a result, the proposed Project is not anticipated to offset any existing water demands at the
Project site. FWC’s 2020 UWMP includes current and projected future water demands for its service area
over the next 25 years. It is anticipated construction of the Project will be completed by 2030 (i.e., after
2025). The additional water demands (160 AFY) for the proposed Project are incorporated within the
existing and projected water demands (potable and recycled) presented in FWC’s adopted 2020 UWMP
over a 20-year period and through 2045, as shown in Table 11 of the WSA, located in Appendix M of this
Addendum EIR.
As such, the addition of up to 2,181 FWC customers would not result in insufficient water supplies as the
FWC has accounted for population increases. Additionally, according to the FWC’s latest 2020 UWMP
Table 4-4: Total Water Use and the WSA prepared for the Project, the FWC has sufficient water supply
through year 2040.27 Accordingly, no new or more severe significant impact relative to water supply from
a previously identified impact evaluated in the FEIR would occur. Additionally, no new information of
substantial importance that was not known and could not have been known at the time the FEIR was
certified is available that would impact the prior finding of no significant impact related to the provision
of water.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
26 Fontana Water Company. 2021. Urban Water Management Plan Table 3-2. https://www.fontanawater.com/wp-
content/uploads/2021/10/FWC-2020-UWMP-June-2021-Final.pdf (accessed January 2025).
27 Fontana Water Company. 2021. Urban Water Management Plan Table 4-4. https://www.fontanawater.com/wp-
content/uploads/2021/10/FWC-2020-UWMP-June-2021-Final.pdf (accessed January 2025).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 149 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Conclusion
The Project would result in a less than significant impact as it pertains to water supplies. Additionally, no
new information of substantial importance that was not known and could not have been known at the
time the FEIR was certified is available that would impact the prior finding of no significant impact to
utilities and service systems.
Threshold (c) Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which serves or may
serve the project that it has inadequate capacity to serve the project’s projected
demand in addition to the provider’s existing commitments?
Threshold (d) Require or result in the construction of new wastewater treatment facilities or
expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant
environmental effects?
Threshold (e) Exceed wastewater treatment requirements of the applicable Regional Water Quality
Control Board?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to wastewater treatment
to be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.17.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The City is a member agency of the Inland Empire Utilities Agency (IEUA), which provides the City
contracting privileges with the Agency for off-site collection, treatment, disposal, and reuse of
wastewater. The Fontana GP has determined that with water saving measures in place, and with projected
population increases accounted for, the IEUA would have adequate wastewater treatment capacity to
service the Project site.28
Additionally, the IEUA 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) has accounted for increased
wastewater generation as a result of more multi-family residential units being constructed.29 The IEUA
anticipates adequate capacity to service the 595-unit Project and buildout of the Fontana GP. Therefore,
no new wastewater treatment facilities or expanded wastewater treatment facilities would be required
28 City of Fontana. 2018. Fontana GP Wastewater. https://www.fontanaca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/29524/Draft-Environmental-Impact-
Report-for-the-General-Plan-Update (accessed January 2025).
29 Inland Empire Utilities Agency. 2020. Urban Water Management Plan. https://www.ieua.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Final-IEUA-2020-
UWMP.pdf (accessed March 2025).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 150 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
to service the Project. As such, the proposed use has been previously accounted for in the FEIR, including
the potential wastewater treatment required for the site.
Because the Project site is consistent with the current land use designation and zoning, and the Project
site is required to provide infrastructure necessary to support the development, the Project’s future
wastewater demand is anticipated to have a negligible impact on the previously mentioned resources.
Additionally, the FEIR determined that impacts to wastewater facilities would be less than significant.
Therefore, associated impacts are considered less than significant. Accordingly, no new or more severe
significant impact from a previously identified significant impact evaluated in the FEIR would occur.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in a less than significant impact as it pertains to wastewater treatment capacity.
Additionally, no new information of substantial importance that was not known and could not have been
known at the time the FEIR was certified is available that would impact the prior finding of no significant
impact to wastewater treatment systems.
Threshold (f) Be served by a landfill with sufficient permitted capacity to accommodate the project’s
solid waste disposal needs?
Threshold (g) Comply with federal, state, and local management and reduction statutes and
regulations related to solid waste?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to solid waste to be less
than significant. Refer to Section 4.17.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The FEIR determined that the Project would not result in significant impacts relative to solid waste.
Implementation of the Project would be expected to generate additional waste during the temporary,
short-term construction phase, as well as the long-term operational phase.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 151 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
According to CalRecycles’s Estimated Solid Waste Generation Rates for the proposed Project are
anticipated to be 11.4 pounds of waste per dwelling unit per day30. Total anticipated solid waste is
approximately 6,783 lbs. per day. This equates to approximately 3 tons of waste per day from the Project
operations.
Solid waste service for the City is provided by the Mid-Valley Sanitary Landfill located east of the City.
According to CalRecycle, the landfill has a maximum throughput of 7,500 tons per day. This landfill has a
maximum permitted capacity of approximately 101.3 million cubic yards, and the landfill has a remaining
capacity of approximately 54,219,377 million cubic yards.31 As such, the Project’s solid waste disposal
needs for both construction and operation can be met by the Mid-Valley Sanitary Landfill. Additionally,
the Project, as with all other development in the City, would be required to adhere to City ordinances with
respect to waste reduction and recycling. Additionally, operational activities would be subject to
compliance with all applicable Federal, State, and local statutes and regulations for solid waste, including
those identified under CALGreen and AB 939. The proposed Project, as with all other development in the
City, would be required to adhere to City ordinances with respect to waste reduction and recycling. As a
result, no impacts related to State and local statutes governing solid waste are anticipated and no
mitigation is required. Consistent with the FEIR, the Project would have a less than significant impact and
no mitigation is necessary.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would result in a less than significant impact as it pertains to conflict with solid waste
standards and regulations. Additionally, no new information of substantial importance that was not
known and could not have been known at the time the FEIR was certified is available that would impact
the prior finding of no significant impact to solid waste generation.
Threshold (h) Require or result in the construction of new storm water treatment drainage facilities
or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant
environmental effects?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: The GPU EIR found impacts related to storm water treatment
facilities to be less than significant. Refer to Section 4.17.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
30 https://www2.calrecycle.ca.gov/wastecharacterization/general/rates.
31 California, Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery. Solid Waste. 2023. SWIS Facility/Site Details.
https://www2.calrecycle.ca.gov/SolidWaste/SiteActivity/Details/1880?siteID=2662 (accessed August 2024).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 152 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The City of Fontana and the San Bernardino County Flood Control District (SBCFCD) share responsibility of
the stormwater system in the City of Fontana. The SBCFCD is responsible for operations and maintenance
of the regional flood control facilities. The City is responsible for the local drainage system, detention
basins, and storm drain lines that connect into the regional facilities.
Per the Preliminary Hydrology Report (Adkan Engineers, 2025), the Project proposes many onsite
improvements to handle onsite stormwater. Drainage for the site flows from north to south and would
be collected with a proposed storm drain system that will convey into an existing 48” storm drain that
ultimately drains to the Highland Channel. Onsite yard drains between buildings would collect the runoff
from the landscape and the roof tops from the apartment buildings. Runoff flows will drain directly into
the proposed storm drain. Proposed onsite catch basins will collect street surface flows. All of the
proposed facilities would be sized to handle adequate flows, per the City of Fontana requirements32.
The Project is consistent with designated land uses, and in conjunction with the proposed drainage
improvements, as such, the City has accounted for increased stormwater water as a result of greater
impermeable surfaces associated with Project implementation, and the Project will be required to size all
facilities needed for the Project per the requirements of the City of Fontana Design Standards for
stormwater33. Implementation of BMP’s and compliance with the SWPPP would assist in reducing
stormwater impacts. Additionally, the City Master Storm Drainage Plan shows adequate stormwater
facilities, and a planned stormwater drainage channel within Summit Avenue, adjacent the Project site.
As such, impacts would be less than significant pertaining to stormwater impacts.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
None identified in the FEIR.
Conclusion
The Project would not require expanded or additional storm water treatment facilities as buildout of the
Fontana GP has been accounted for. Impacts would be less than significant and no mitigation is necessary.
Cumulative Utilities Impacts
As discussed above, all impacts from the Project to public utilities systems would be less than significant
in consideration of compliance with existing laws, ordinances, regulations, and standards. The Project
applicant would pay the applicable development impact and service fees.. Therefore, impacts are not
anticipated to be cumulatively considerable. Other past, present, and reasonably foreseeable projects
would be anticipated to implement similar measures or implement mitigation to fully mitigate their
contribution to cumulative impacts. Therefore, there are no significant cumulative impacts anticipated
relative to public utility and service systems, and the Project’s contribution toward potential future utility
and service system impacts in the City is not cumulatively considerable.
32 https://www.fontanaca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/42751/Section-3000-Construction-Storm-Drain-PDF .
33 https://www.fontanaca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/42751/Section-3000-Construction-Storm-Drain-PDF .
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 153 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Overall Utility and Service Systems Impacts Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to utilities and service
systems. Therefore, the preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 154 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.18 Wildfire
4.18.1 Analysis of Proposed Project
The revised CEQA Guidelines include a new separate discussion for Wildfire. Although not addressed as a
separate threshold, the FEIR noted in the Air Quality and Climate Change chapter that climate change
could result in increased occurrences and duration of wildfire events. Refer to Sections 4.8 and 4.14 for
discussion regarding fire hazards and fire protection.
Cumulative GPU Wildfire Impacts
Most of the City is developed, and areas that are not developed do not contain highly flammable
vegetation. The context for assessing wildfire hazards exists wherever the urban environment interfaces
with wildlands. Cumulative wildfire impacts can occur as development in fire hazard areas increase, not
only because the number of people and structures exposed to wildfires is increasing but also because
increased density supports the spreading of wildfires. With implementation of required fire codes, the
General Plan Update would not contribute to cumulatively considerable impacts related to wildfires
(GPU EIR, pg. 7-4).
If located in or near state responsibility areas or lands classified as very high fire hazard severity zones,
would the project:
Threshold (a) Substantially impair an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation
plan?
Threshold (b) Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors, exacerbate wildfire risks, and thereby
expose project occupants to, pollutant concentrations from a wildfire or the
uncontrolled spread of a wildfire?
Threshold (c) Require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (such as roads, fuel
breaks, emergency water sources, power lines or other utilities) that may exacerbate
fire risk or that may result in temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment?
Threshold (d) Expose people or structures to significant risks, including downslope or downstream
flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage
changes?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact:
As noted above, although not addressed as a separate threshold, the FEIR noted in the Air Quality and
Climate Change chapter that climate change could result in increased occurrences and duration of wildfire
events. Refer to Sections 4.8 and 4.14 for discussion regarding fire hazards and fire protection.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 155 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not impair adopted emergency response plans including the Fontana Local Hazard
Mitigation Plan (LHMP) and Fontana Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) as the Project would remain
consistent with all emergency plans.34 As previously discussed, the proposed design and construction plan
for any future construction and roadway improvements to accommodate any future increase in traffic
volume would be reviewed and approved by the City engineering department and fire marshal (if needed)
during the plan review and prior to Project approval. The Project site is located within a highly urbanized
area of the City and is not adjacent to wildlands. According to the California Department of Forestry and
Fire Protection (CalFire), the Village FBC district is within a non-Fire Hazard Safety Zone (FHSZ) as the
Project site is located in a highly developed region of the City.35 However, the Project site is located
approximately 0.15 miles south of a moderate FHSZ and 0.25 miles south a very high FHSZ. Although the
Project is not within a FHSZ, all 2022 CBC regulations and 2022 California Fire Code (CFC) regulations would
be followed to ensure safe conditions for occupants of the Project site. Because the Project site would not
be exposed to wildfires, wind, slope, or other factors, it would not exacerbate wildfire risks. Additionally,
the Project site would not require the installation of additional roads, fuel breaks, emergency water
sources, or other features that could result in fire risks. Finally, the Project site is not anticipated to be
severely impacted from flooding, landslides, runoff conditions. A less than significant impact is anticipated
to occur from Project implementation.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
Not evaluated in the FEIR; therefore, there are no mitigation measures from the FEIR.
Conclusion
Consistent with the FEIR, the Project would not impair an existing emergency plan, exacerbate fire risk,
require additional infrastructure that would exacerbate fire risk. The Project site is not within a very high
FHSZ and no new impact from wildfires would occur.
Cumulative Wildfire Impacts
As previously discussed, the Project site is located within a highly urbanized area of the City and is not
adjacent to wildlands. According to the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CalFire),
the Village FBC district is within a non-Fire Hazard Safety Zone (FHSZ) as the Project site is located in a
highly developed region of the City.36 Therefore, the Project, in conjunction with other future projects,
34 City of Fontana. 2018. Local Hazard Mitigation Plan. https://www.fontanaca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/28274/2017-Local-Hazard-
Mitigation-Plan?bidId= (accessed March 2025).
35 California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CalFire). Fire Hazard Severity Zones. 2024. https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/what-we-
do/community-wildfire-preparedness-and-mitigation/fire-hazard-severity-zones. (accessed March 2025).
36 California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CalFire). Fire Hazard Severity Zones. 2024. https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/what-we-
do/community-wildfire-preparedness-and-mitigation/fire-hazard-severity-zones. (accessed March 2025).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 156 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
would not exacerbate wildfire risks or expose Project occupants to pollutant concentrations from a
wildfire, or the uncontrolled spread of a wildfire. No impact would occur.
Overall Wildfire Impacts Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to wildfire. Therefore, the
preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 157 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.19 Energy
4.19.1 Analysis of Proposed Project
The revised CEQA Guidelines include a new separate discussion for Energy. Although not addressed as a
separate threshold, the FEIR noted in the Air Quality chapter that planned growth could result in increased
impacts to Energy. Because the Fontana GPU area is not expected to exceed energy capacities, impacts
are anticipated to be less than significant in the FEIR.
Threshold (a) Result in potentially significant environmental impact due to wasteful, inefficient, or
unnecessary consumption of energy resources, during project construction or
operation, and
Threshold (b) Conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact:
As previously discussed, although not addressed as a separate threshold, the FEIR noted in the Air Quality
chapter that planned growth could result in increased impacts to Energy. Because the Fontana GPU area
is not expected to exceed energy capacities, impacts are anticipated to be less than significant in the FEIR .
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
CARB’s 2022 Scoping Plan for Achieving Carbon Neutrality (Scoping Plan), adopted December 15, 2022,
sets a path to achieve targets for carbon neutrality and reduce anthropogenic GHG emissions by 85
percent below 1990 levels by 2045 in accordance with AB 1279. The Project would benefit from the State
targets set forth within the Scoping Plan. As the Project’s GHG emissions would be below the Fontana GP
EIR GHG emission factors, the Project would not interfere with the State’s goals for reducing GHG
emissions as determined by the Fontana GP EIR; refer to Table 9.
Approximately 92 percent of the project’s emissions are from energy and mobile sources which would be
further reduced by implementation of current State programs, see Table 6. It should be noted that the
Project and the City have no control over vehicle emissions (approximately 66 percent of the Project’s
total emissions). However, these emissions would decline in the future due to statewide measures
including the reduction in the carbon content of fuels, CARB’s advanced clean car program, CARB’s mobile
source strategy, fuel efficiency standards, cleaner technology, and fleet turnover. Accordingly, the project
would not interfere with the State’s efforts to reduce GHG emissions.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 158 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Project operations would benefit from the implementation of current and potential future energy
regulations including the SB 100 renewable electricity portfolio target of 60 percent renewable energy by
2030. SB 100 also established a further goal to have an electric grid that is entirely powered by clean
energy by 2045.
Further, the project is required to comply with all building codes in effect at the time of construction which
include energy conservation measures mandated by Title 24 of the California Building Standards Code –
Energy Efficiency Standards. Title 24 is part of the State's plans and regulations for reducing emissions of
GHGs to meet and exceed AB 32 and SB 32 energy reduction goals. Because Title 24 standards require
energy conservation features in new construction, they help reduce GHG emissions. Building Energy
Efficiency Standards are updated on an approximately three-year cycle and the most recent 2022
standards went into effect January 1, 2023. The project would be required to comply with the latest
applicable version of the California Green Building Standards Code (CALGreen).
Construction
As determined by the Energy Technical Memorandum included as Appendix H and shown in Table 19:
Energy Use During Construction, the Project would use approximately 0.0031 GWh of electricity, 116,629
gallons of gasoline, and 96,866 gallons of diesel. In 2022, San Bernardino County used 16,630 GWh of
electricity. Project construction electricity use would represent less than 0.0001 percent of the current
electricity use in San Bernardino County.
In 2025, the year Project construction is anticipated to commence, San Bernardino County is anticipated
to use approximately 828,612,797 gallons of gasoline and approximately 281,399,849 gallons of diesel
fuel. During construction, gasoline fuel consumption would constitute 0.0141 percent of average annual
gasoline usage in the County and diesel fuel consumption would constitute 0.0344 percent of average
annual diesel used in the County. Based on the Project’s relatively low construction fuel use proportional
to annual County use, the Project would not substantially affect existing energy fuel supplies or resources.
New capacity or additional sources of construction fuel are not anticipated to be required.
As determined by the Energy Technical Memorandum included as Appendix H, transportation fuels
(gasoline and diesel) are produced from crude oil, which can be domestic or imported from various regions
around the world. Based on current proven reserves, current crude oil production would be sufficient to
meet 50 years of worldwide consumption. As such, it is expected that existing and planned transportation
fuel supplies would be sufficient to serve the Project’s temporary construction demand.
The Energy Technical Memorandum determined that SCE’s total energy sales are projected to be 96,359
GWh of electricity in 2025. Therefore, the Project’s construction-related annual electricity consumption
of 0.0031 GWh would represent less than 0.0001 percent of SCE’s Projected annual sales. Thus, it is
anticipated that SCE’s existing and planned electricity capacity and electricity supplies would be sufficient
to serve the Project’s temporary construction electricity demand.
Furthermore, there are no unusual characteristics that would necessitate the use of construction
equipment that would be less energy-efficient than at comparable construction sites in the region or
State. In addition, some energy conservation would occur during construction through compliance with
State requirements that equipment not in use for more than five minutes be turned off. Project
construction equipment would also be required to comply with the latest U.S. EPA and CARB engine
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 159 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
emissions standards. These engines use highly efficient combustion engines to minimize unnecessary fuel
use.
The Project would have construction activities that would use energy, primarily in the form of diesel fuel
(e.g., mobile construction equipment) and electricity (e.g., power tools). Contractors would be required
to monitor air quality emissions of construction activities using applicable regulatory guidance such as
from SCAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Additionally, construction is subject to and would comply with California
regulations (e.g., California Code of Regulations, Title 13, Sections 2485 and 2449), which reduce diesel
particulate matter and criteria pollutant emissions from in-use off-road diesel-fueled vehicles and limit
the idling of heavy-duty construction equipment to no more than five minutes. This requirement indirectly
relates to construction energy conservation because when air pollutant emissions are reduced from the
monitoring and the efficient use of equipment and materials, energy use is reduced. There are no aspects
of the Project that would foreseeably result in the inefficient, wasteful, or unnecessary use of energy
during construction activities.
As described above, the Project’s fuel from the entire construction period would increase fuel use in the
County by less than one percent. It should be noted that the State CEQA Guidelines Appendix G and
Appendix F criteria require the Project’s effects on local and regional energy supplies and on the
requirements for additional capacity to be addressed. A less than one percent increase in construction
fuel demand is not anticipated to trigger the need for additional capacity. Additionally, use of construction
fuel would be temporary and would cease once the Project is fully developed. As such, Project
construction would have a nominal effect on the local and regional energy supplies.
As stated above, there are no unusual characteristics that necessitate the use of construction equipment
that would be less energy-efficient than at comparable construction sites in the region or State. Therefore,
it is expected that construction fuel use associated with the Project would not be any more inefficient,
wasteful, or unnecessary than other similar development projects of this nature. Therefore, potential
impacts are considered less than significant.
Table 19: Energy Use During Construction
Project Source
Total Construction
Energy4
San Bernardino County
Annual Energy Consumption
Percentage of
Countywide
Consumption
Electricity Use
Water1 0.0031 GWh 16,630 GWh <0.0001%
Diesel Use
On-Road Construction Trips2 47,796 gallons
281,399,849 gallons
0.0170%
Off-Road Construction Equipment3 49,070 gallons 0.0174%
Construction Diesel Total 96,866 gallons 0.0344%
Gasoline Use
On-Road Construction Trips 116,629 gallons 828,612,797 gallons 0.0141%
Notes:
1 Construction water use based on acres disturbed per day during grading and site preparation and estimated water use per acre.
2 On-road mobile source fuel use based on vehicle miles traveled (VMT) from CalEEMod and fleet-average fuel consumption in gallons
per mile from EMFAC2021 in San Bernardino County for construction year 2025.
3 Construction fuel use was calculated based on CalEEMod emissions outputs and conversion ratios from the Climate Registry.
4 Total Construction Energy is the combined energy usage over approximately 20 months of construction.
Source: Kimley-Horn. 2025. Energy Technical Memorandum. (Appendix H).
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 160 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Operations
The energy consumption associated with Project operations would occur from building energy (electricity
and natural gas) use, water use, and transportation-related fuel use. The Project is anticipated to be
operational in 2026. The Project’s annual energy use during operations is shown in Table 14: Annual
Energy Use During Operations. The methodology for each category is discussed below.
Table 14: Annual Energy Use During Operations
Project Source
Project Annual
Energy Consumption
San Bernardino County Annual
Energy Consumption
Percentage of
Countywide
Consumption
Electricity Use
Area1 4.0941 GWh
16,630 GWh
0.0246%
Water1 0.1872 GWh 0.0011%
Total Electricity 4.2813 GWh 0.0257%
Natural Gas Use
Area1 68,244 therms 562,123,065 therms 0.0121%
Diesel Use
Mobile2 87,726 gallons 281,589,289 gallons 0.0312%
Gasoline Use
Mobile2 579,299 gallons 811,280,390 gallons 0.0714%
Notes:
1 The electricity, natural gas, and water usage are based on project-specific estimates and CalEEMod defaults.
2 Calculated based on the mobile source fuel use based on vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and fleet-average fuel consumption (in gallons
per mile) from EMFAC2021 for operational year 2026.
Source: Kimley-Horn. 2025. Energy Technical Memorandum. (Appendix H).
Petroleum Fuel. The gasoline and diesel fuel associated with on-road vehicular trips is calculated based on
total VMT calculated for the analyses within CalEEMod and average fuel efficiency from the EMFAC model.
As summarized in Table 20, the Project’s total unmitigated gasoline and diesel fuel would be
approximately 579,299 gallons per year and 87,726 gallons per year, respectively.
The key drivers of transportation-related fuel consumption are job locations/commuting distance and
many personal choices on when and where to drive for various purposes. Those factors are outside of the
scope of the design of the Project. However, the Project would include on-site electric vehicle charging
stations in parking lots in compliance with CALGreen standards. This would encourage and support the
use of electric vehicles by residents and visitors of the Project and thus reduce the petroleum fuel
consumption. It should be noted that a reduction in petroleum fuel consumption was not accounted for
in the Project operational automotive fuel consumption identified in Table 20. This is due to the
speculative nature of assuming a quantitative reduction in fuel consumption generated by the electric
vehicle charging stations. As such, the Project operational automotive fuel consumption identified in
Table 20 is considered conservative.
The electricity use during Project operations is based on CalEEMod defaults. The Project’s total
unmitigated electricity consumption would be approximately 4.2813 GWh of electricity onsite per year;
refer to Table 20. The electricity associated with operational water use is estimated based on the annual
water use and the energy intensity factor is the CalEEMod default energy intensity per gallon of water for
San Bernardino County. Project area water use is based on the CalEEMod default rates. The Project would
use approximately 28 million gallons annually of water annually which would require approximately
0.1872 GWh per year for conveyance and treatment. It should be noted that the Project’s electricity
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 161 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
consumption shown in Table 20 conservatively does not include installation of solar panels in compliance
with Title 24 building standards, which would also reduce electricity consumption.
The methodology used to calculate the natural gas use associated with the Project is based on CalEEMod
default rates. The Project’s total unmitigated natural gas consumption would be approximately 68,244
therms per year; refer to Table 20. Additionally, the Proposed Project would meet California Building
Code (Title 24) provisions, Building Energy Efficiency Standards, and CALGreen standards as required to
reduce energy demand and increase energy efficiency.
Therefore, the Project would not cause a wasteful, inefficient, and unnecessary consumption of energy
during Project operations or preempt future energy development or future energy conservation.
Therefore, impacts associated with operational energy use would be less than significant.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
Not evaluated in the FEIR; therefore, there are no mitigation measures from the FEIR.
Conclusion
No new impact from energy consumption would occur.
Overall Energy Impacts Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to energy. Therefore, the
preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 162 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.20 Tribal Cultural Resources
4.20.1 Analysis of Proposed Project
The revised CEQA Guidelines include a new separate discussion for Tribal Cultural Resources (TCRs). This
section briefly examines potential impacts related to TCRs that could result from implementation of the
Project. The analysis is based primarily on confidential cultural resource studies conducted for the FEIR
and this Project. PRC language relevant to the TCR thresholds is below:
PRC Section 21074 defines a TCR as follows:
(a) “Tribal cultural resources” are either of the following:
(1) Sites, features, places, cultural landscapes, sacred places, and objects with cultural value to a
California Native American tribe that are either of the following:
(A) Included or determined to be eligible for inclusion in the California Register of Historical
Resources.
(B) Included in a local register of historical resources as defined in subdivision (k) of Section
5020.1.
(2) A resource determined by the lead agency, in its discretion and supported by substantial
evidence, to be significant pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Section 5024.1. In
applying the criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Section 5024.1 for the purposes of this
paragraph, the lead agency shall consider the significance of the resource to a California
Native American tribe.
(b) A cultural landscape that meets the criteria of subdivision (a) is a tribal cultural resource to the
extent that the landscape is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the
landscape.
(c) A historical resource described in Section 21084.1, a unique archaeological resource as defined in
subdivision (g) of Section 21083.2, or a “nonunique archaeological resource” as defined in
subdivision (h) of Section 21083.2 may also be a tribal cultural resource if it conforms with the
criteria of subdivision (a).
Subdivision (k) of PRC Section 5020.1 is as follows:
(k) “Local register of historical resources” means a list of properties officially designated or
recognized as historically significant by a local government pursuant to a local ordinance or
resolution.
Subdivision (c) of PRC Section 5024.1 are as follows:
(c) A resource may be listed as an historical resource in the California Register if it meets any of the
following National Register of Historic Places criteria:
(1) Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of
California’s history and cultural heritage.
(2) Is associated with the lives of persons important in our past.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 163 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
(3) Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction,
or represents the work of an important creative individual, or possesses high artistic values.
(4) Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history.
Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource,
defined in Public Resources Code section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape that
is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or object with
cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is:
Threshold (a) Listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in a local
register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code section 5020.1(k), or
Threshold (b) A resource determined by the lead agency, in its discretion and supported by substantial
evidence, to be significant pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public
Resources Code Section 5024.1. In applying the criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of
Public Resources Code Section 5024.1, the lead agency shall consider the significance of
the resource to a California Native American tribe?
No New or More Severe Significant Impact: As previously discussed, although not addressed as a separate
threshold, the FEIR addressed potential cultural resources impacts as a whole.
Additionally, no aspect of the Project triggers any of the following conditions from State CEQA Guidelines
section 15162 relating to this issue:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous
EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a
substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to
the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity
of previously identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The CRA included a cultural resources records search with the South Central Coastal Information Center
(SCCIC), additional research, intensive-level pedestrian cultural resources survey, Sacred Lands File (SLF)
Search with the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) and California Register of Historical
Resources (CRHR), and paleontological resources overview.
The result of the SLF check conducted through the NAHC was negative. As part of the General Plan EIR
process, the City of Fontana contacted the NAHC requesting a review of their sacred lands files for any
Native American cultural resources that might be affected by the General Plan Update. The NAHC
responded, stating that a search of the Sacred Lands File was completed for the Area of Potential Effect
(APE) with negative results (Appendix E). The NAHC also provided a list of 25 local Native American
individuals/organizations for further consultation who may have knowledge of cultural resources within
the APE. Certified letters requesting consultation under both SB 18 and AB 52 were mailed to these
individuals on November 22, 2016, providing them with a description of the project. These letters also
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 164 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
contained maps depicting the area covered under the General Plan Update. The letters asked for any
information or concerns regarding the project. There have been two responses to the request for
consultation. The first was from the Tribal Historic Preservation Officer for the Pala Band of Mission
Indians on December 1, 2016, stating that the project is not within the Tribe’s Traditional Use Area and
that they, therefore, defer to other Tribes in the area. On December 8, 2016, the Tribal Historic
Preservation Office of Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians responded via email that the project is
outside of their Traditional Use Area and that they defer to other Tribes in the area. As of March 2017, no
further responses were received from the other Tribes consulted regarding this request, and the time
period for requesting consultation under SB 18 or AB 52 was closed 90 days after the notices were sent.
Table 5.4-2 of the Final EIR provides a list of consultation efforts.
Based on the conclusion of the Project CRA as well as the conclusions contained in the Final EIR, the
Project’s impact on tribal cultural resources would be less than significant with implementation of
mitigation. In accordance with Final EIR MMs In the event unknown cultural resources are discovered
during Project implementation, Fontana GP FEIR MM CUL-1 through CUL-3 would result in in less than
significant impacts.
Mitigation Measures from the FEIR
MM CUL-1 A qualified archaeologist shall perform the following tasks, prior to construction activities
within project boundaries:
Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for historic
resources, a field survey for historical resources within portions of the project site not
previously surveyed for cultural resources shall be conducted.
Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for historic
resources, the San Bernardino County Archives shall be contacted for information on
historical property records.
Subsequent to a preliminary City review, if evidence suggests the potential for sacred
land resources, the Native American Heritage Commission shall be contacted for
information regarding sacred lands.
All historical resources within the project site, including archaeological and historic
resources older than 50 years, shall be inventoried using appropriate State record
forms and guidelines followed according to the California Office of Historic
Preservation’s handbook “Instructions for Recording Historical Resources.” The
archaeologist shall then submit two (2) copies of the completed forms to the San
Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for the assignment of
trinomials.
The significance and integrity of all historical resources within the project site shall be
evaluated, using criteria established in the CEQA Guidelines for important
archaeological resources and/or 36 CFR 60.4 for eligibility for listing on the National
Register of Historic Places.
Mitigation measures shall be proposed, and conditions of approval (if a local
government action) recommended to eliminate adverse project effects on significant,
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 165 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
important, and unique historical resources, following appropriate CEQA and/or
National Historic Preservation Act's Section 106 guidelines.
A technical resources management report shall be prepared, documenting the
inventory, evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the project site,
following guidelines for Archaeological Resource Management Reports prepared by
the California Office of Historic Preservation, Preservation Planning Bulletin 4(a),
December 1989. One copy of the completed report, with original illustrations, shall
be submitted to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for
permanent archiving.
If human remains are encountered on the project site, the San Bernardino County
Coroner’s Office shall be contacted within 24 hours of the find, and all work shall be
halted until a clearance is given by that office and any other involved agencies.
All resources and data collected within the project site shall be permanently curated
at an appropriate repository within the County.
MM CUL-2 If any prehistoric archaeological resources are encountered before or during grading, the
developer shall retain a qualified archaeologist to monitor construction activities and to
take appropriate measures to protect or preserve them for study. With the assistance of
the archaeologist, the City of Fontana shall:
Enact interim measures to protect undesignated sites from demolition or significant
modification without an opportunity for the City to establish its archaeological value.
Consider establishing provisions to require incorporation of archaeological sites
within new developments, using their special qualities at a theme or focal point.
Pursue educating the public about the area's archaeological heritage.
Proposal mitigation measures and recommend conditions of approval (if a local
government action) to eliminate adverse project effects on significant, important, and
unique prehistoric resources, following appropriate CEQA guidelines.
Prepare a technical resources management report, documenting the inventory,
evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the project area. Submit one
copy of the completed report, with original illustrations, to the San Bernardino County
Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving.
MM CUL-3 Where consistent with applicable local, State and federal law and deemed appropriate by
the City, future site-specific development projects shall consider the following:
In the event Native American cultural resources are discovered during construction
for future development, all work in the immediate vicinity of the find shall cease and
a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards shall be hired to
assess the find. Work on the overall project may continue during this period.
Initiate consultation between the appropriate Native American tribal entity (as
determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards) and
the City/project applicant; Transfer cultural resources investigations to the
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 166 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
appropriate Native American entity (as determined by a qualified archaeologist
meeting Secretary of Interior standards) as soon as possible.
Utilize a Native American Monitor from the appropriate Native American entity (as
determined by a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards)
where deemed appropriate or required by the City, during initial ground disturbing
activities, cultural resource surveys, and/or cultural resource excavations.
Conclusion
No new impact related to TCRs would occur.
Cumulative Tribal Cultural Resources Impacts
Since the General Plan Buildout area is almost entirely built out and development consists of infill, the
chance of exposing hidden tribal cultural resources is remote. Additionally, General Plan Update policies
provide an ongoing program to ensure proper identification, evaluation, and recovery and/or protection
of potentially important historical, archaeological, and paleontological resources that may be disturbed
during future development activities. Existing State law requires immediate County Coroner notification
upon discovery of human remains and also notification of affected Native American tribes if the remains
are suspected to be of Native American origin. Surrounding jurisdictions are subject to similar regulations,
including coroner notification upon discovery of human remains. Long-term development throughout
Fontana has low potential to impact subsurface archaeological and/or paleontological remains. With
regard to historical properties, General Plan Update policies recognize the importance of preserving the
City’s heritage. With continued implementation of City policies and practices, the Project’s contribution
to the future loss of cultural resources would not be cumulatively considerable (GPU EIR, pg. 7-3).
Overall Tribal Cultural Resources Impacts Conclusion
Based on the above analysis and information, the Project was found not to result in:
(1) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects;
(2) Substantial changes which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement
of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously
identified significant effects; or
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified.
The Project would not result in any new or more severe impacts with respect to tribal cultural resources.
Therefore, the preparation of a SEIR is not warranted.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 167 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
4.21 Mandatory Findings of Significance
a. Does the project have the potential to substantially degrade the quality of the environment,
substantially reduce the habitat of fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to
drop below self-sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community,
substantially reduce the number or restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal or
eliminate important examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory?
Less Than Significant with Mitigation: Similar to the General Plan EIR, the proposed Project does not
include any significant mitigable impacts to the environment.
As previously noted, a Biological Resources Assessment (BRA) was prepared for the Project. The BRA
found that no State and/or federally listed threatened or endangered species or plant communities are
documented in the immediate vicinity of the Project site and that no USFWS-designated Critical Habitat
occurs on-site. Further discussion is provided below.
Special-Status Wildlife
According to the CNDDB, forty-four (44) special-status wildlife species have been reported in the Devore
quadrangle. The only special-status wildlife species observed during the field investigation was Cooper’s
hawk. Cooper’s hawk are known to occur in urban areas. The project site support suitable foraging habitat
for Cooper’s hawk, but does not provide suitable nesting opportunities.
Based on habitat requirements for specific species and the availability and quality of on-site habitats, it
was determined that the proposed project site has a moderate potential to support California horned lark
(Eremophila alpestris acti). It was further determined that the project site does not have the potential to
support any of the other special-status wildlife species listed in the CNDDB and all are presumed to be
absent.
None of the aforementioned species are Federally or State listed as endangered or threatened. With
implementation of a pre-construction nesting bird clearance survey, no impacts to special-status species
are expected to occur. Based on regional significance, the potential occurrence of burrowing owl, San
Bernardino kangaroo rat, and California gnatcatcher within the project site are described in further detail
below:
Burrowing Owl
The burrowing owl is currently listed as a Candidate Endangered Species by CDFW. It is a grassland
specialist distributed throughout western North America where it occupies open areas with short
vegetation and bare ground within shrub, desert, and grassland environments. Burrowing owls use a wide
variety of arid and semi-arid environments with well-drained, level to gently-sloping areas characterized
by sparse vegetation and bare ground.
No burrowing owls or recent sign (i.e., pellets, feathers, castings, or whitewash) were observed during the
field investigation. Additionally, the project site lacks suitable burrows (>4 inches in diameter) capable of
providing nesting opportunities. Based on the results of the field investigation, it was determined that the
project site does not have potential to support burrowing owl and focused surveys are not recommended.
However, out of an abundance of caution, a pre-construction burrowing owl clearance survey shall be
conducted prior to development to ensure burrowing owl remain absent from the project site.
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 168 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Based literature review and field survey contained in the Biological Resources Assessment (BRA),
Appendix B, and existing site conditions discussed in the BRA, implementation of the proposed Project
will not create significant impacts on Federally or State listed species known to occur within or in the
general vicinity of the Project site. Additionally, the Project will have no impact on designated Critical
Habitat, since there is no Federal nexus, or regional wildlife corridors/linkages because none exist within
the Project site or Project area. No jurisdictional drainage and/or wetland features were observed on the
Project site during the field investigation. No further surveys are recommended. With completion of the
recommendations provided below, no impacts to year-round, seasonal, or special-status avian residents
or special-status species will occur from implementation of the proposed Project.
The BRA, consistent with the Fontana GP EIR, has determined the Project site is previously disturbed and
in a highly developed region. Additionally, the Project site supports only non-native grassland which are
incapable of supporting identified special status species. As such, the Project site provides limited habitat
for wildlife, except those adapted to anthropogenic disturbances and urban development. However,
Mitigation Measures BIO-1 and BIO-2 from the General Plan EIR were implemented out of an abundance
of caution to reduce potential impacts prior to construction.
Similarly, the Project’s impact on riparian habitat or other sensitive natural communities would be less
than significant. There are no new potentially significant impacts associated with the Project. No riparian
habitat exists within the Project site and the buildout of the Project is not anticipated to impact to USACE,
RWQCB, or CDFW jurisdictional areas. The GPU EIR found there would be no impact to riparian habitat or
other sensitive natural community. Refer to Section 4.4.1 for a summary of the GPU EIR analysis.
Consistent with the FEIR and as noted above in Threshold 4.4.1 (b), the BRA concluded that the Project
site has no discernible drainage courses, inundated areas, or wetland features/obligate plant species that
would be considered jurisdictional by the USACE, RWQCB, or CDFW. Thus, no impact would occur since
the Project does not contain any state or federally protected wetlands and regulatory approvals would
not be required. Additionally, no new information of substantial importance that was not known and
could not have been known at the time the FEIR was certified is available that would change the finding
of less than significant impact under this threshold. Additionally, the GPU EIR found there would be no
impact to protected wetlands.
According to the BRA, the Project site has not been identified as occurring within a Wildlife Corridor or
Linkage. The Project site is surrounded by existing residential land uses and is isolated from regional
wildlife corridors and linkages. The Project site is not mapped as occurring within or adjacent to any Major
Open Space Areas. The nearest Major Open Space Areas are the Cajon Wash, located approximately
4.87 miles to the northeast, and San Sevaine Canyon, which occurs in the foothills of the San Gabriel
Mountains approximately 1.54 miles to the northwest of the Project site. In addition, there are no riparian
corridors, creeks, or useful patches of steppingstone habitat (natural areas) within or connecting the site
to a recognized wildlife corridor or linkage. As such, implementation of the Project is not expected to
impact wildlife movement opportunities. Therefore, impacts to wildlife corridors or linkages are not
expected to occur. Additionally, the GPU EIR found there would be no impact to wildlife movement.
The Project would result in no new or more severe significant impact on a plan, policy, or ordinance
designed to protect biological resources which would require revisions to the previously approved FEIR,
worsen impacts identified in the FEIR requiring mitigation, or discover information that was not known at
Environmental Impact Analysis
Fontana General Plan Update 169 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
the time of the FEIR adoption. There are no new potentially significant impacts associated with the
Project; therefore, no new and/or refined mitigation measures are required.
While no paleontological resources were identified within the Project Site based on the paleontological
records search, similar to the Approved Project, the proposed Project has the potential to encounter
archaeological or paleontological resources. Similar to the General Plan buildout, the proposed Project
would include Mitigation Measures CUL-1 through CUL-3, and PDF GEO-1 to reduce potential impacts on
cultural resources and these mitigation measures would remain applicable proposed Project.
Overall, based on the preceding analysis of potential impacts, similar to the General Plan Buildout, no
evidence is presented that the proposed Project requires a major change to the GPU EIR. The proposed
Project would not result in new significant environmental impacts and there would not be a substantial
increase in the severity of impacts described in the GPU EIR.
b. Does the project have impacts which are individually limited, but cumulatively considerable?
(“Cumulative considerable” means that the incremental effects of an individual project are
considerable when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other
current projects, and the effects of probable future projects).
Less Than Significant with Mitigation: Similar to the proposed Project, the analysis of cumulative impacts
as part of the Modified Project was based on an assessment of reasonably foreseeable growth associated
with a list of past, present, and anticipated future projects. As discussed throughout this Addendum,
implementation of the Project has the potential to result in effects to the environment that are
individually limited and may be cumulatively considerable in specific areas. In all instances where the
Project has the potential to contribute to a cumulatively considerable impact to the environment,
mitigation measures from the General Plan EIR have been imposed to reduce potential effects to less than
significant levels. Additionally, the proposed Project is wholly consistent with the buildout assumptions in
the General Plan EIR, and does not include any additional project components that would increase the
impacts previously identified in the General Plan EIR. The potential cumulative environmental effects of
implementing the Project would be less than considerable with implementation of mitigation, and
therefore, a less than significant impact would occur in this regard.
c. Does the project have environmental effects which cause substantial adverse effects on human
beings, either directly or indirectly?
Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. Similar to the General Plan, the proposed Project
would not have significant environmental effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly. Any
potentially significant impacts would be reduced to less than significant levels through the
implementation of the applicable mitigation measures identified in Sections 4.1, Aesthetics, through 4.20,
Tribal Cultural Resources, discussed above. As discussed above, the approved Project would include
Mitigation Measures AES-1, BIO-1, BIO-2, MM AQ-1 through MM AQ-6, MM AQ-8 through MM AQ-14,
and MM AQ-20 through MM AQ-23, CUL-1 through CUL-3, GHG-1, NOI-2, TRA-2 and TRA-3, that were
included in the General Plan EIR that would reduce any potential impacts to less-than–significant levels.
Additionally, the proposed Project would include PDF GEO-1 and PDF TRA-1to improve soil stability and
require paleontological monitoring and mitigation monitoring for paleontological resources.
With implementation of the above-mentioned mitigation measures, impacts related to the development
of the proposed Project would be less than significant.
Determination of Appropriate CEQA Documentation
Fontana General Plan Update 170 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
5 DETERMINATION OF APPROPRIATE CEQA DOCUMENTATION
The following discussion lists the appropriate subsections of Sections 15162 and 15164 of the CEQA
Guidelines and provides justification for the City to make a determination of the appropriate CEQA
document for the Project, based on the environmental analysis provided above.
CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 ‒ Subsequent EIRs and Negative Declarations
(a) When an EIR has been certified or a negative declaration adopted for a project, no subsequent
EIR shall be prepared for that Project unless the lead agency determines, on the basis of
substantial evidence in light of the whole record, one or more of the following:
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the Project which will require major revisions of the
previous EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental
effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects.
The City proposes to implement the Project within the context of the Fontana GP planning area, as
described in this Addendum. As discussed in the Environmental Impact Analysis section of this Addendum,
no new or more severe significant environmental effects beyond what was evaluated in the FEIR would
occur.
(2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is
undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or negative declaration due
to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the
severity of previously identified significant effects.
As documented herein, no circumstances associated with the location, type, setting, or operations of the
Project have substantively changed beyond what was evaluated in the FEIR; and none of the Project
elements would result in new or more severe significant environmental effects than previously identified.
No major revisions to the FEIR are required.
(3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been
known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified as
complete or the negative declaration was adopted, shows any of the following:
(A) The project will have one or more significant environmental effects not discussed in the
previous EIR or negative declaration;
No new significant environmental effects beyond those addressed in the FEIR were identified.
(B) Significant effects previously examined will be substantially more severe than shown in
the previous EIR;
Significant Project-related effects previously examined would not be more severe than were disclosed in
the FEIR as a result of the Project. Impacts associated with all environmental resource areas would be the
same as or less than disclosed in the adopted FEIR. Implementation of the Project within the context of
the Fontana GP would not substantially increase the severity of previously identified impacts.
Determination of Appropriate CEQA Documentation
Fontana General Plan Update 171 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
(C) Mitigation measures or alternatives previously found not to be feasible would in fact be
feasible, and would substantially reduce one or more significant effects of the project, but
the project proponents decline to adopt the mitigation measure or alternative; or
No mitigation measures or alternatives were found infeasible in the certified FEIR.
(D) Mitigation measures or alternatives which are considerably different from those analyzed
in the previous EIR would substantially reduce one or more significant effects on the
environment, but the project proponents decline to adopt the mitigation measure or
alternative.
The FEIR’s mitigation is sufficient to reduce all potentially significant impacts, and no other mitigation
measures or feasible alternatives have been identified that are required in order to substantially reduce
significant impacts.
(b) If changes to a project or its circumstances occur or new information becomes available after
adoption of a negative declaration, the lead agency shall prepare a subsequent EIR if required
under subsection (a). Otherwise, the lead agency shall determine whether to prepare a
subsequent negative declaration, an addendum, or no further documentation.
Subsequent to certification of the FEIR in August 2018, additional technical analyses were performed for
the Project and are the subject of this Addendum. Based on the analysis in this document, the Project
would not result in any new significant environmental effects nor would it increase the severity of
significant effects previously identified in the FEIR. None of the conditions listed under subsection (a)
would occur that would require preparation of a subsequent EIR.
(c) Once a project has been approved, the lead agency’s role in project approval is completed, unless
further discretionary approval on that project is required. Information appearing after an approval
does not require reopening of that approval. If after the project is approved, any of the conditions
described in subsection (a) occurs, a subsequent EIR or negative declaration shall only be prepared
by the public agency which grants the next discretionary approval for the project, if any. In this
situation, no other Responsible Agency shall grant an approval for the project until the
subsequent EIR has been certified or subsequent negative declaration adopted.
None of the conditions listed in subsection (a) would occur as a result of the Project. No SEIR is required.
CEQA Guidelines Section 15164 ‒ Addendum to an EIR or Negative Declaration
(a) The lead agency or responsible agency shall prepare an addendum to a previously certified EIR if
some changes or additions are necessary, but none of the conditions described in Section 15162
calling for preparation of a subsequent EIR have occurred.
As described above, none of the conditions described in the CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 calling for the
preparation of a SEIR have occurred.
(b) An addendum to an adopted negative declaration may be prepared if only minor technical
changes or additions are necessary or none of the conditions described in Section 15162 calling
for the preparation of a subsequent EIR or negative declaration have occurred.
Determination of Appropriate CEQA Documentation
Fontana General Plan Update 172 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
None of the conditions described in Section 15162 calling for preparation of a subsequent EIR would occur
as a result of the Project. Therefore, an addendum to the certified FEIR is the appropriate CEQA document
for the Project.
(c) An addendum need not be circulated for public review but can be included in or attached to the
FEIR or adopted negative declaration.
This Addendum will be attached to the FEIR and maintained in the administrative record files at the City.
(d) The decision-making body shall consider the addendum with the FEIR or adopted negative
declaration prior to making a decision on the project.
The City will consider this Addendum with the FEIR prior to making a decision on the Project.
(e) A brief explanation of the decision not to prepare a subsequent EIR pursuant to Section 15162
should be included in an addendum to an EIR, the lead agency’s required findings on the Project,
or elsewhere in the record. The explanation must be supported by substantial evidence.
This document provides substantial evidence for City records to support the preparation of this
Addendum for the Project.
Conclusion
Fontana General Plan Update 173 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
6 CONCLUSION
This Addendum has been prepared in accordance with the provisions of the CEQA Statute and the CEQA
Guidelines to document the finding that none of the conditions or circumstances that would require
preparation of a SEIR, pursuant to Section 15162 and Section 15164 of the CEQA Guidelines, exist in
connection with the Project. No major revisions would be required to the Fontana GP FEIR as a result of
the Project. No new significant environmental impacts have been identified. Since the certification of the
FEIR, there has been no new information showing that mitigation measures or alternatives once
considered infeasible are now feasible or showing that there are feasible new mitigation measures or
alternatives substantially different from those analyzed in the EIR that the City declined to adopt.
Therefore, preparation of a SEIR is not required and the appropriate CEQA document for the Project is
this Addendum to the FEIR. This document will be maintained in the administrative record files at the City.
References
Fontana General Plan Update 174 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
7 REFERENCES
Adkan Engineers, 2025. PM 20910 Public Sewer Area Study.
Adkan Engineers, 2025. Preliminary Hydrology Report.
Adkan Engineers, 2025. Water Quality Management Plan.
California Department of Finance. 2024. E-5 Population and Housing Estimates for Cities, Counties, and
the State, January 2021-2024, with 2020 Benchmark.
https://dof.ca.gov/forecasting/demographics/estimates/e-5-population-and-housing-estimates-
for-cities-counties-and-the-state-2020-2024/ (accessed January 2025).
California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CalFire). Fire Hazard Severity Zones. 2024.
https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/what-we-do/community-wildfire-preparedness-and-mitigation/fire-
hazard-severity-zones (accessed September 2024).
California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC). Envirostor. 2024.
https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/map/?global_id=60003205 (accessed January 2025).
California Department of Transportation (CalTrans). Scenic Highways. 2024.
https://dot.ca.gov/programs/design/lap-landscape-architecture-and-community-livability/lap-
liv-i-scenic-highways (accessed September 2024).
California Department of Water Resources. 2024. SGMA Basin Prioritization.
https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Groundwater-Management/Basin-Prioritization (accessed
January 2025).
California, Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery. Solid Waste. 2023. SWIS Facility/Site
Details. https://www2.calrecycle.ca.gov/SolidWaste/SiteActivity/Details/1880?siteID=2662
(accessed August 2024).
City of Fontana. 2018. Fontana Forward General Plan Update 2015-2035 Draft Environmental Impact
Report.
City of Fontana. 2018. Fontana GP Wastewater.
https://www.fontanaca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/29524/Draft-Environmental-Impact-Report-
for-the-General-Plan-Update (accessed January 2025).
City of Fontana. 2021. 2021-2029 Housing Element.
https://www.fontanaca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/35100/Housing-Element-FAQs (accessed
January 2025).
City of Fontana. 2024. Development Fees.
https://www.fontanaca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/2271/Development-Impact-Fees-
2024?bidId= (accessed January 2025).
City of Fontana. ND. Environmental Information Form.
https://www.fontana.org/DocumentCenter/View/2177/Environmental-Information-Form-PDF
(accessed March 2025).
References
Fontana General Plan Update 175 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
Department of Conservation (DOC). 2022. California Important Farmland: 1984-2022.
https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/dlrp/ciftimeseries/ (accessed January 2025).
DOC. 2024. Data Viewer DOC Maps. https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/DataViewer/ (accessed
January 2025).ENGEO Incorporated. 2024. Summit Avenue and Citrus Avenue Phase I
Environmental Site Assessment.
ENGEO Incorporated. 2024. Summit Avenue and Citrus Avenue Preliminary Geotechnical Exploration.
ELMT Consulting. 2025. Biological Resources Assessment for the Proposed Citrus and Summit
Residential Development Project.
Fontana Water Company. 2021. Urban Water Management Plan Table 3-2.
https://www.fontanawater.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/FWC-2020-UWMP-June-2021-
Final.pdf (accessed January 2025).
Fontana Water Company. 2021. Urban Water Management Plan Table 3-2.
https://www.fontanawater.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/FWC-2020-UWMP-June-2021-
Final.pdf (accessed January 2025).
Fontana Water Company. 2021. Urban Water Management Plan Table 4-4.
https://www.fontanawater.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/FWC-2020-UWMP-June-2021-
Final.pdf (accessed January 2025).
Municode. 2022. City of Fontana Zoning and Development Code Article X.
https://library.municode.com/ca/fontana/codes/zoninganddevelopmentcode?nodeId=CH30ZOD
ECOARTXGELARE_SS30-674--30-678RE (accessed January 2025).
Municode. 2024. Fontana Municipal Code.
https://library.municode.com/ca/fontana/codes/zoninganddevelopmentcode?nodeId=CH30ZOD
ECOARTVREZODIDIV6PESTS30-471LIGL (accessed January 2025).
Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. 2025. Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential-Air Quality and
Greenhouse Gas Consistency Analysis.
Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. 2025. Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project Cultural
Resources Assessment.
Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. 2025. Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential-Energy Technical
Memorandum.
Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. 2025. Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential-Health Risk
Assessment.
Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. 2025. Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential-Noise Analysis.
Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. 2025. Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project Traffic
Study.
Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. 2025. Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project Vehicle
Miles Travelled Analysis.
References
Fontana General Plan Update 176 Citrus and Summit Multi-Family Residential Project
Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report
SCAG. 2024. Connect SoCal 2024 Growth Forecast.
https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Fscag.ca.gov%2Fsites%2Fm
ain%2Ffiles%2Ffile-
attachments%2F03scagdrtp24citytier2taz092523.xlsx%3F1695685277&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK ,
(accessed January 2025).
Stetson Engineers, Inc. 2025. Water Supply Assessment for the Citrus and Summit Project.