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HomeMy WebLinkAboutAppendix B - Bio Resources Tech Memo Appendix B Biological Resources Technical Memorandum 14386.05 1 OCTOBER 2022 October 27, 2022 Subject: Biological Resources Technical Memorandum for the Fontana Apartments Project Located in the City of Fontana, San Bernardino County, California Dear Mr. Samnet, This biological resources technical memorandum documents the existing biological conditions for the approximately 11.7-acre subject property located at Assessor Parcel Numbers (APNs): 025-117-119, -25-132-117, -118, -119, -120, -121, -122, -123, -124, -125, -126, -127, -135, in the city of Fontana, San Bernardino County, California. This report evaluates the potential for special-status biological resources to occur on the project site based on the existing conditions observed during a biological reconnaissance and includes a discussion of potential impacts on biological resources due to project implementation. Potential project-related impacts will include recommendations to avoid or reduce impacts below a level of significance under CEQA. Project Location The project site is bound by Cypress Avenue to the west, Valley Boulevard to the north, Interstate 10 to the south, and Juniper Avenue to the east (Figure 1: Project Site). The project site is specifically located on a relatively flat, primarily undeveloped area mapped within The San Bernardino Principal Meridian, in Section 19 of Township 1 South Range 5 West of the Fontana, California 7.5-minute U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) topographic quadrangle (USGS 2022). For the purpose of this report, the area investigated included the entire 11.7-acre project site plus a 100-foot buffer around the project site boundary, for a total of approximately 20.3 acres (study area). The study area for the proposed project accounts for both on-site and off-site biological resources that may be impacted by the proposed project. Project Description The project includes construction of a 437-unit apartment complex and ancillary structures on an approximately 11.7-acre property that will be entirely developed by the project. In addition to the apartments, the project would include landscaping areas as well as surface parking for resident vehicles. Mr. Jared Samnet JPI Companies 11988 El Camino Real, Suite 200 San Diego, California 92130 FONTANA APARTMENTS PROJECT / BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT 14386.05 2 OCTOBER 2022 Methods Literature Review To evaluate the natural resources previously documented and potentially occurring within the study area, literature searches and database reviews were conducted by Dudek’s biologists. The database review included the most recent versions of the California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB) and special-status species lists (CDFW 2022a-2022e), and the California Native Plant Society’s (CNPS) Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants (CNPS 2022). These databases were reviewed to identify sensitive biological resources present or potentially present for the Fontana, California USGS 7.5-minute quadrangle on which the study area is located, and the eight surrounding quadrangles (Guasti, Cucamonga Peak, Devore, San Bernardino North, San Bernardino South, Corona North, Riverside West, and Riverside East). Potential and/or historic drainages and aquatic features were investigated based on a review of USGS topographic maps (1:24,000 scale) aerial photographs, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) National Wetland Inventory (NWI) database (USFWS 2022a), and the Natural Resource Conservation Service’s (NRCS) Web Soil Survey (USDA 2020a). Soil Survey Review Dudek reviewed the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National Resource Conservation Service database to determine soil characteristics on the study area. According to the NRCS Web Soil Survey (USDA 2022a), the study area occurs within the San Bernardino County Southwestern Part (CA677). Tujunga loamy sand, 0 to 5 percent slopes, is mapped within the entire study area (Figure 2: Biological Resources Map). Soils in the Tujunga series consist of mixed, thermic Typic Xerospamments. Tujunga soils are found on alluvial fans and floodplains at elevations of 6 to 2,000 feet above sea level. These soils are somewhat excessively drained with negligible to low runoff and high saturated hydraulic conductivity. Tujunga soils are extensively disturbed throughout the central and southern coastal plains and valleys of California. Additionally, no Delhi sands are mapped or present within the study area. National Wetlands Inventory Review A formal delineation of jurisdictional waters and wetlands was not conducted on the survey area because after an assessment of all potentially jurisdictional waters and wetlands during the biological reconnaissance, Dudek’s biologist determined there are no natural drainages or wetland areas within the survey area that could potentially be regulated. During the biological reconnaissance all potentially jurisdictional drainages were assessed for their potential to be regulated under the CWA and California Fish and Game Code Section 1600 et seq. Additionally, a desktop analysis of hydrological watershed data and mapped wetland resources from the National Wetland Inventory was conducted prior to the reconnaissance to determine if any historic blue-line streams, watercourses, or wetlands were mapped on the survey area (USFWS 2022a). Although a formal jurisdictional delineation was not conducted, the assessment still followed regulatory methods and definitions of potentially regulated aquatic resources. Pursuant to the CWA, ACOE, and RWQCB, jurisdictional areas include those supporting all three wetlands criteria described in the ACOE manual: hydric soils, hydrology, and hydrophytic vegetation. The ACOE/Environmental FONTANA APARTMENTS PROJECT / BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT 14386.05 3 OCTOBER 2022 Protection Agency Rapanos Guidance states that ACOE will regulate traditional navigable “waters of the United States,” adjacent wetlands, and relatively permanent waters tributary to traditional navigable waters, and adjacent wetlands if there is a significant nexus from the site. Areas regulated by RWQCB/CDFW are generally coincident with areas regulated by ACOE, but can also include isolated features that have evidence of surface water inundation pursuant to the state Porter–Cologne Act. These areas generally support at least one of the three ACOE wetlands indicators, but are considered isolated through the lack of surface water hydrology/connectivity downstream. Features that convey or hold water are regulated by multiple agencies. Federal, state, and local agencies have different definitions and terminology for these types of features. Water-dependent resources regulated by ACOE, RWQCB, CDFW, and the County of Riverside are collectively referred to as “jurisdictional aquatic resources” herein. Terminology used in this document to distinguish each jurisdictional aquatic resource according to the agency that regulates the resource is as follows: • ACOE and RWQCB: “Wetland” and “non-wetland waters.” Wetland waters of the United States and non- wetland waters of the United States are subject to regulation by ACOE and RWQCB, pursuant to the CWA. Within the biological survey area, ACOE waters of the United States and wetlands, and RWQCB waters of the United States and wetlands overlap, and therefore are combined under one term: “non-wetland waters” or “wetlands.” • CDFW: “Riparian areas” and “streambeds.” Lakes, rivers, and streambeds, including any associated riparian habitat, are subject to regulation by CDFW, pursuant to Section 1600 et seq. of the California Fish and Game Code. Within the biological survey area, CDFW streambeds are synonymous with ACOE and RWQCB non-wetland waters. CDFW riparian areas are not synonymous with ACOE or RWQCB wetlands because these areas lacked all three federal wetland parameters (hydrophytic vegetation, hydric soils, and hydrology). Biological Reconnaissance Dudek biologist Kimberly Narel conducted a general biological reconnaissance of the study area on June 20, 2022. The survey was conducted from 0900 - 1030 a.m.; weather conditions were favorable with 0% cloud cover, wind speeds from 0-8 miles per hour, and a temperature range of 78° - 84° Fahrenheit (°F). All native and naturalized plant species encountered in the study area were identified and recorded. The potential for special- status plant and wildlife species to occur within the study area was evaluated based on the vegetation communities and soils present. Dudek used CDFW’s Protocols for Surveying and Evaluating Impacts to Special Status Native Plant Populations and Natural Communities (CDFW 2018) and List of Vegetation Alliances and Associates (CDFW 2019), also referred to as the Natural Communities List, to map the entire study area. Vegetation communities and land covers were delineated to the vegetation alliance level, and where appropriate the association level, based on the Manual of California Vegetation (Sawyer, Keeler-Wolf, and Evans 2009). Some modifications, such as the Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Natural Communities of California (Holland 1986, and Oberbauer et al. 2008), were incorporated to accommodate the lack of conformity of the observed communities to those included in these references. Latin and common names for plant species with a California Rare Plant Rank (CRPR) follow the CNPS Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants (CNPS 2020). For plant species without a CRPR, Latin names follow the Jepson Interchange List of Currently Accepted Names of Native and Naturalized Plants of California (Jepson Flora Project FONTANA APARTMENTS PROJECT / BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT 14386.05 4 OCTOBER 2022 2020), and common names follow the Unites States Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation Service Plants Database (USDA 2020b). Latin and common names of animals follow Crother (2008) for reptiles and amphibians, American Ornithologist’s Union for birds (AOU 2016), Wilson and Reeder (2005) for mammals, North American Butterfly Association (NABA 2016), and Moyle (2002) for fish. Dudek also conducted an assessment for the presence of waters or wetlands potentially subject to regulatory agency jurisdiction, including searching for the presence or drainage features and topographic features and soils that could support standing water. However, a formal wetland delineation was not conducted as part of the biological reconnaissance. Results Study Area Description Based on the database reviews and biological reconnaissance, the study area is characterized as predominantly undeveloped non-native grassland with disturbed habitat. Vegetation currently present on the study area is dominated by non-native grassland with evidence of past agricultural tilling and/or discing. Scattered ornamental vegetation occurs in the center of the study area and borders portions of the northern and southern project site boundaries. Disturbed habitat occurs on the southeastern portion of the study area and is characterized by a concrete foundation with compacted gravel used as a semi-truck offloading and rest area. Dirt pedestrian access paths bisect the study area from Valley Boulevard southeast to the concrete foundation. Representative photographs of the study area are included in Appendix B, Site Photo Log. The entire study area has been previously graded and compacted and is relatively flat, ranging in elevation from approximately 1,110 feet to 1,120 feet above mean sea level (AMSL). The western portion of the study area has been previously tilled and/or disced. The study area occurs in an urban setting and is surrounded by a mixture of residential and commercial development and paved streets. Vegetation Communities and Land Covers Three vegetation communities and/or land cover types were observed on the study area during the biological reconnaissance: non-native grassland, disturbed habitat, and developed land. No natural or native vegetation communities were observed on the study area during the biological reconnaissance (Figure 2: Biological Resources Map). There are no sensitive vegetation communities within the study area. No exposed soils were observed within the study area that have not been heavily altered and compacted for prior development or existing semi-truck parking. Any natural vegetation communities that historically occurred on the study area have been removed during previous grading of the project site and immediate surroundings. Evidence of tilling and/or discing was observed on the western portion of the project site. The three vegetation communities and/or land covers observed on the study area are described in further detail herein. Non-Natural and Unvegetated Land Covers Non-Native Grassland. The non-native grassland mapping unit is not recognized by the Natural Communities List (CDFW 2020e) but is described by Oberbauer et al. (2008). Non-native grassland is the dominant vegetation type on the study area. It consists of ruderal forbs, spurges, and herbaceous annual and perennial species. Characteristic species of this community observed within the study area include: bromes (Bromus diandrus, B. tectorum), wall barley (Hordeum murinum), Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon), spotted spurge (Euphorbia FONTANA APARTMENTS PROJECT / BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT 14386.05 5 OCTOBER 2022 maculata), and common stork’s bill (Erodium cicutareum), with London rocket (Sysimbrium irio), shortpod mustard (Hirschfeldia incana), and southern Russian thistle (Salsola tragus) interspersed throughout the shrub layer. Native herbaceous annual plants including horseweed (Erigeron canadensis), western ragweed (Ambrosia psilostachya), and flatspine bur ragweed (Ambrosia acanthicarpa) occur sporadically in the southern portion of the non-native grassland along with common fiddleneck (Amsinckia intermedia var. intermedia), telegraph weed (Heterotheca grandiflora), and Wright’s cudweed (Pseudognaphalium microcephalum). Sacred datura (Datura wrightii), a native shrub, occurs in patches of the non-native grassland along with ornamental vegetation in the center of the project site. A total of approximately 10.2 acres of non-native grassland occurs within the study area. Disturbed Habitat. The disturbed mapping unit is not recognized by the Natural Communities List (CDFW 2020e) but is described by Oberbauer et al. (2008). Disturbed land typically refers to areas that lack vegetation but still retain a previous surface, or that are dominated by sparse cover or ruderal vegetation. Approximately 1.14 acres disturbed habitat on the study area consists of dirt pedestrian access paths leading to a square patch of concrete foundation with compacted gravel on the southeastern portion of the project site. This area is used for semi-truck parking and as a rest stop. The concrete foundation is heavily cracked, with ruderal grasses and weeds growing sporadically through the gravel before transitioning to surrounding non-native grassland on the study area. In addition, a dirt pedestrian access path follows the northern project site boundary along Valley Boulevard, and contains a line of ornamental trees. Urban/Developed Land. The urban and developed mapping unit is not recognized by the Natural Communities List (CDFW 2020e) but is described in Oberbauer et al. (2008). Developed land typically includes areas that have been constructed upon and do not contain any naturally occurring vegetation. These areas are generally characterized as graded land with asphalt and concrete placed upon it. Developed areas mapped for the study area include the existing paved, graded, compacted, and cleared portions of the project site. A total of approximately 8.94 acres of urban and developed land occurs within the study area, consisting of surrounding commercial and urban development, Valley Boulevard, and Juniper Avenue. Ornamental trees and shrubs observed on the southern and northern project site boundaries are associated with adjacent paved roads as well as residential and commercial development. Ornamental plantings on the study area did not meet the minimum mapping unit threshold to include as a separate mapped vegetation community. Characteristic ornamental species observed include Eucalyptus sp., Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica), golden wattle (Acacia pycnantha), Chinaberry (Melia azedarach), Korean mulberry (Morus indica), common olive (Olea europaea), tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima), Mediterranean cypress (Cupressus sempervirens), and Lantana (Lantana camara). One native tree, western sycamore (Platanus racemosa), occurs within the ornamental vegetation bordering the southeastern project site boundary. In addition, a row of Eucalyptus trees follows a chain-link fence that bisects the two undeveloped parcels on the project site and continues along a portion of the northern project site boundary, parallel to Valley Boulevard. Table 1 provides a summary of each land cover’s extent within the study area. Table 1 Vegetation Communities and Land Covers within the Project Site and Study Area Vegetation Community/Land Cover Project Site (Acres) Study Area (Acres) Non-Native Grassland 9.81 0.39 Disturbed Habitat 1.02 0.13 FONTANA APARTMENTS PROJECT / BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT 14386.05 6 OCTOBER 2022 Urban/Developed Land 0.85 8.10 Total 11.68 8.62 As no sensitive or native vegetation communities are present on the study area, no significant direct or indirect impacts to sensitive vegetation communities will occur from vegetation clearing for construction of the proposed project. Direct impacts to sensitive vegetation communities would be considered significant absent mitigation under CEQA. Wildlife The study area consists of non-native grassland and ornamental vegetation that provides potentially suitable habitat for wildlife species that occur in urbanized settings. Wildlife use and species diversity was limited during the biological reconnaissance. Species observed or detected included mourning dove (Zenaida macroura), house finch (Carpodacus medicanus), house sparrow (Passer domesticus), American crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos), California ground squirrel (Otospermophilus beecheyi), and western fence lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis). No amphibian or aquatic species were observed within the study area. The complete list of plant and wildlife species observed within the study area is included in Appendix A, Species Compendium. No active bird nests were observed during the field visit; however, ornamental trees within the study area could support nesting migratory birds, particularly along the northern and southern project site boundaries. Two small animal burrows were observed within the center of the study area adjacent to a disturbed dirt path. However, the shallow depth, diameter at less than four inches, and evidence of disuse (detritus, webbing, partially infilled) observed indicates the burros are inactive. Further, the size and shape of the burrows taper inward and are not suitable for burrowing owl. No indirect evidence of burrowing owl activity (pellets, whitewash, insect carapaces) was observed on the study area. Small animal burrows may be used by a variety of species, including rodents and reptiles that are accustomed to urban environments, such as California ground squirrel and western fence lizard. Details regarding the potential for special status species to occur within the study area are discussed below. Special-Status Species Special-Status Plant Species Special-status plant species include those listed, or candidate for listing, as threatened or endangered by USFWS or CDFW, or species identified as rare by CNPS (particularly CRPR 1A – Presumed extinct in California; CRPR 1-B – Rare, threatened, or endangered throughout its range; and CRPR 2 – Rare or Endangered in California, more common elsewhere). A total of 82 special-status plant species were reported in the CNDDB, USFWS, and CNPS databases as occurring within the vicinity of the study area (CNPS 2022). Appendix C: Plant Species with a Potential to Occur on the Study Area, includes the species lists provided from these database searches that were evaluated as part of this assessment. For each species evaluated, a determination was made regarding the potential for the species to occur on site based on information gathered during the field reconnaissance, including the location of the site, habitats present, current site conditions, and past and present land use. Of the 82 special-status plant species listed in the CNDDB, CNPS, and USFWS databases as occurring in the vicinity of the study area, 68 species were determined to have no potential to occur within the study area based FONTANA APARTMENTS PROJECT / BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT 14386.05 7 OCTOBER 2022 on an evaluation of species ranges/elevation and known habitat preferences. No special-status plant species were determined to have a moderate or high potential to occur on the study area. However, 12 special-status species were determined to have a low potential to occur due to limited suitable habitat within the study area (Appendix C: Special-Status Plant Species with a Potential to Occur on the Study Area). Of those, two are listed as endangered by FESA and/or CESA: San Diego ambrosia (Ambrosia pumila), and thread-leaved brodiaea (Brodiaea filifolia). While suitable grassland capable of supporting these two species are present onsite, the study area has been graded and compacted in the past, with refuse from pedestrian traffic, and evidence of recent tilling and/or discing on the western portion of the project site, making for poor growth conditions. In addition, no wetlands, vernal pools, or other mesic habitat capable of supporting thread-leaved brodiaea and San Diego ambrosia were observed on the study area. Due to the on-going disturbances from semi-truck offloading and pedestrian traffic that currently occur within the study area, the limited grassland habitat onsite is of low quality. As such, protocol-level rare plant surveys were not conducted. The remaining special-status plant species determined to have a low potential to occur are on the study area are not listed by FESA or CESA but are identified as rare by CNPS, and are not discussed in this report further. The complete list of plant species evaluated with a determination of their potential to occur on the study area is provided in Appendix C. Therefore, vegetation clearing for construction of the proposed project is anticipated to have no significant direct or indirect impact to special-status plant species. Special-Status Wildlife Species Special-status wildlife include those listed, or candidates for listing, as threatened or endangered by USFWS or CDFW, or designated as a Species of Special Concern by CDFW (CDFW 2022 b, c). No special-status wildlife species were detected onsite during the biological reconnaissance. A total of 64 special-status wildlife species were reported in the CNDDB and USFWS databases as occurring in the vicinity of the study area. Appendix D: Special-Status Wildlife Species with a Potential to Occur on the Study Area, summarizes the special-status wildlife species that were included in these databases and evaluated as part of this assessment. For each species evaluated, a determination was made regarding the potential use of the site based on information gathering during the field reconnaissance, known habitat preferences, and knowledge of their relative distributions in the area. Of the 64 special-status wildlife species listed in the CNDDB and USFWS databases as occurring in the vicinity of the study area, 50 species were determined to have no potential to occur based on an evaluation of species ranges/elevation and known habitat preferences. No special-status species were determined to have a moderate or high potential to occur on the study area. However, 14 special-status species were determined to have a low potential to occur due to limited suitable habitat within the study area. None of these species were observed during the biological reconnaissance. In addition, it is unlikely that special-status mammals or reptiles will occupy the low-quality grassland on the study area due to compacted soils from prior grading onsite that make for poor burrowing conditions. No evidence of burrow activity was observed on the study area, including the western portion where prior tilling and/or discing created loose, upturned soil. The few inactive animal burrows observed in the center of the project site were infilled, shallow, and not large enough in diameter to support burrowing owl. However, ornamental shrubs and trees bordering the project site boundary could support nesting special-status birds and migratory bird species protected by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA). FONTANA APARTMENTS PROJECT / BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT 14386.05 8 OCTOBER 2022 Note that Delhi sands flower-loving fly (Rhaphiomidas terminatus abdominalis) is a special-status species of concern in the area due to nearby Delhi fine sands. These species will be further discussed below. The remaining species with no potential to occur or low potential to occur are omitted from further discussion in this report due to limited low-quality habitat onsite. The complete list of wildlife species evaluated with a potential to occur on the study area is provided in Appendix D. Delhi Sands Flower-Loving Fly Habitat There are no historically mapped areas of Delhi sand within the study area. Delhi sand or any remnants of previously sandy areas were not observed during the survey, and the nearest occurrence of Delhi fine sand is approximately 0.7 miles southwest of the project site (USDA 2022a). However, there are onsite (within entire Fontana USGS 24k quadrant) occurrence records of Delhi sands flower loving fly, the most recent from 2013 (CDFW 2022a). The Delhi sands flower-loving fly typically occurs in areas with Delhi sands present but has been found in other sandy habitats; however, the study area is devoid of native vegetation and there are no exposed soils on site that have not been compacted and heavily altered. While one of the two host plants most commonly associated with the species, telegraph weed (Heterotheca grandiflora) was observed on the study area, the other, California buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum), was not observed onsite during the biological reconnaissance. Additionally, no sand dune habitat for this species occurs on the study area, and as such, there is no potential for the Delhi sands flower-loving fly to occur. Given the low-quality, fragmented, and disturbed habitat on the project site, and location within an urban area, there is no moderate or high potential for special-status species to occur on the study area, and as such, no protocol-level focused special-status species surveys were conducted. Vegetation clearing for construction of the proposed project is anticipated to have no significant direct or indirect impact on special-status species. Jurisdictional Waters and Wetlands No formal jurisdictional wetland delineation was conducted on the study area. However, a preliminary assessment of potential jurisdictional waters on the study area during the biological reconnaissance determined there are no waterways or drainages within the project site that would be subjected to regulatory agency jurisdiction. Additionally, no wetlands or riparian habitats were observed on the project site. Lastly, no soils mapped on the study area are considered hydric. As currently designed, vegetation clearing and construction of the proposed project would not directly impact jurisdictional waters and wetlands. No significant direct impacts to jurisdictional waters and wetlands are anticipated to occur as a result of construction of the proposed project. However, the NWI dataset depicts a mapped channelized concrete flood channel within the southern portion of the study area buffer, approximately 60 feet south of the project site boundary footprint (Figure 2: Biological Resources Map) (USFWS 2022a). The Cowardin classification code of this NWI-mapped flood channel is R5UBFx (Riverine system, Unknown Perennial subsystem, Unconsolidated Bottom, Semi-permanently Flooded, Excavated). This flood control channel flows east-west into the West Fontana Channel, a tributary to San Sevaine Channel and ultimately the Santa Ana River. Although proposed construction activities are not anticipated to directly impact or encroach into this concrete flood channel, indirect impacts (i.e., stormwater runoff, chemical spills, sedimentation, dust) could occur. Indirect project impacts to mapped jurisdictional waters and wetlands are considered significant absent mitigation and/or permitting from ACOE, RWQCB, and/or CDFW. FONTANA APARTMENTS PROJECT / BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT 14386.05 9 OCTOBER 2022 Wildlife Corridors and Habitat Linkages Wildlife corridors are linear features that connect large patches of natural open space and provide avenues for the migration of animals. Wildlife corridors contribute to population viability by assuring continual exchange of genes between populations, providing access to adjacent habitat areas for foraging and mating, and providing routes for recolonization of habitat after local extirpation or ecological catastrophe (e.g., fires). Habitat linkages are small patches that join larger blocks of habitat and help reduce the adverse effects of habitat fragmentation. Habitat linkages provide a potential route for gene flow and long-term dispersal of plants and animals and may serve as primary habitat for smaller animals such as reptiles and amphibians. Habitat linkages may be continuous habitat or discrete habitat islands that function as steppingstones for dispersal. The entire study area is surrounded by development and no portions of the study area function as a wildlife corridor or linkage that connect to larger habitat areas in the region, such as the Santa Ana River further south. The study area is not mapped as an important wildlife corridor or linkage and occurs on a fragmented, low quality, previously disturbed (graded and disced/tilled) area surrounded by residential and commercial development, with Interstate 10 immediately to the south of the southernmost project site boundary. On a local scale, the study area may function as a linkage for small to medium-sized mammals and reptiles to use the project site as a corridor, to travel locally to fragmented undeveloped parcels to the south and northeast. However, Interstate 10 is a paved road with consistent high traffic volume that would significantly impede local wildlife movement. As such, no direct or indirect impacts to wildlife corridors and habitat linkages would result from vegetation clearing for construction of the proposed project on the study area. Proposed project development on the study area would have no significant impact to wildlife corridors and habitat linkages. Local Policies and Ordinances The City of Fontana’s Tree Preservation and Protection Ordinance (Chapter 28, Article III of the City’s Code of Ordinances) regulates the planting, maintenance, preservation, and removal of heritage, significant, and specimen tree species within the city (City of Fontana 2016). A heritage tree means any tree which is: 1) of historical value because of its association with a place, building, natural feature or event of local, regional, or national historical significance as identified by city council resolution; 2) is representative of a significant period of the city’s growth or development (windrow tree, European olive tree; 3) is a protected or endangered species as specified by federal or state statute; or 4) is deemed historically or culturally significant by the city manager or their designee because of size, condition, location, or aesthetic qualities. Significant trees are defined as any of the following species: southern California black walnut (Juglans californica), coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia), Deodora cedar (Cedrus deodora), California sycamore (Platanus racemosa), and London plane (Platanus acerifolia). A specimen tree is defined as a mature tree which is not a heritage or significant tree that is an excellent example of its species in structure and aesthetics and warrants preservation, relocation, or replacement (City of Fontana 2016). The study area contains heritage and significant trees protected by the City of Fontana Code of Ordinances (Section 28, Article III, City of Fontana 2016). Specifically, one significant tree, a western sycamore, occurs on the southeastern project site boundary, adjacent to Juniper Avenue. In addition, one heritage tree, a European olive, is interspersed with other ornamental vegetation and a row of Eucalyptus trees along the southern project site boundary, associated with adjacent commercial and residential development. Scattered Eucalyptus trees were FONTANA APARTMENTS PROJECT / BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT 14386.05 10 OCTOBER 2022 observed along a chain-link fence that bisects the disced/tilled soils on the western side of the project site from the previously graded and compacted soil on the central and eastern portions of the project site. A third row of Eucalyptus trees occurs along the northern project site boundary parallel to Valley Boulevard. These may be considered Eucalyptus windrows. A windrow is defined as a series of trees (minimum of four), usually a variety of Eucalyptus, planted in a closely spaced line no more than 10 feet apart to provide a windbreak for the protection of property and/or agricultural crops (City of Fontana 2016). The rows of Eucalyptus trees on the study area, if considered windrows, are also considered heritage trees. Direct and indirect impacts to protected trees would occur from vegetation clearing for construction of the proposed project. Given that compliance with the City’s Tree Preservation and Protection Ordinance is required, construction of the proposed project would not conflict with local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance. Regional Resource Planning Context The study area does not occur within any approved, in process, or implementing Habitat Conservation Plan (HCP) or Natural Community Conservation Plans (NCCP) for local or regional protection of species. As such, construction of the proposed project will not result in direct or indirect impacts to regional habitat conservation plans. Recommendations This section addresses the anticipated impacts (direct, indirect, and cumulative) to biological resources that would result from implementation of the proposed project. The following recommendations would reduce any proposed or potential impacts to the thresholds provided in the California Environmental Quality Act Guidelines Section 15064(b) and Appendix G Environmental Checklist to a less than significant level. Recommendations are included for the evaluation of the project’s impacts on potentially affected resources such as nesting birds and local policies and ordinances. No focused surveys for special-status species are recommended as the study area consists of fragmented, low-quality habitat with no moderate or high potential for special-status plants and wildlife to persist. Nesting Birds The eucalyptus trees and other ornamental plantings located within the study area may provide suitable nesting, roosting and foraging habitat for various bat and raptor species. As such, avoid construction activities during the bird nesting season (generally February 1 through August 30) to ensure compliance with the federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act and California Fish and Game Code Section 3500 et seq. If avoidance of the nesting season is not feasible, then a pre-construction nesting bird survey should be conducted by a qualified biologist within a maximum of 3 days prior to the start of construction in areas that could support tree-, shrub-, and ground-nesting birds to ensure that birds are not engaged in active nesting within 100 feet of the project’s construction limits. If nesting birds are discovered during the pre-construction survey, then the qualified biologist should identify an appropriate buffer where no ground-breaking activities are allowed to occur until after the birds have fledged from the nest. The active nest buffer size depends on the species’ sensitivity to disturbance (typically 500 feet for raptors and 300 feet for passerines), and ongoing biological monitoring during construction may be required. Construction activities may take place in other areas on the project site, outside of the nest avoidance buffer, unless authorized by an on-site monitoring biologist. FONTANA APARTMENTS PROJECT / BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT 14386.05 11 OCTOBER 2022 City of Fontana Tree Preservation and Protection Ordinance A tree removal permit must first be obtained from the community development department prior to removal of any heritage or significant tree protected on the study area by the City’s Tree Preservation and Protection Ordinance (City of Fontana 2016). To ensure compliance with the City’s Tree Preservation and Protection Ordinance and apply for tree removal permits, a tree inventory is recommended to be conducted by a certified Arborist prior to project implementation to identify the location, number, species, diameter, and height of all onsite heritage (including potential Eucalyptus windrows) and significant trees in relation to proposed project improvements. An Arborist Report should be prepared by the certified arborist, wherein all applicable on-site trees that would be expected to be removed by the project will be evaluated, and outline replacement procedures for all eligible trees to be removed from the project site. Pursuant to the City’s Code of Ordinances, tree replacement is required for potential impacts to significant and heritage trees on the study area that would be removed by vegetation clearing for construction of the proposed project. Tree replacement ratio is dependent on overall condition and size of the protected trees onsite. Heritage and significant tree preservation on the site is preferred to relocation or replacement. Eucalyptus windrow trees not along the existing public right-of-way which cannot be preserved or relocated shall be replaced according to the guidelines established in Section 28-67(a)(2) of the City of Fontana Code of Ordinances. If you have any comments or questions regarding the contents of this report, please feel free to contact me at 949.508.5745, knarel@dudek.com, or Dudek Senior Biologist Tommy Molioo (tmolioo@dudek.com). Sincerely, _______________________ Kimberly Narel Biologist Appendices: Figure 1: Project Site Figure 2: Biological Resources Map A – Species Compendium B – Site Photo Log C – Plant Species with a Potential to Occur on the Study Area D – Special-Status Wildlife Species with a Potential to Occur on the Study Area FONTANA APARTMENTS PROJECT / BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT 14386.05 12 OCTOBER 2022 References AOU (American Ornithologists’ Union). 2016. https://americanornithology.org/ CDFW (California Department of Fish and Wildlife). 2019. List of Vegetation Alliances and Associations. https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=153398&inline. CDFW. 2018. “Protocols for Surveying and Evaluating Impacts to Special Status Native Plant Populations and Sensitive Natural Communities.” https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=18959. CDFW. 2022a. California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB). RareFind 5.2.14 (Commercial Subscription). Sacramento, California: CDFW, Biogeographic Data Branch. Accessed October 2022. https://map.dfg.ca.gov/rarefind/view/RareFind.aspx. CDFW. 2022b. “State and Federally Listed Endangered, Threatened, and Rare Plants of California.” California Natural Diversity Database. CDFW, Biogeographic Data Branch. CDFW. 2022c. “State and Federally Listed Endangered and Threatened Animals of California.” California Natural Diversity Database. CDFW, Biogeographic Data Branch. CDFW. 2022d. Natural Diversity Database. November 2018. Special Animals List. Periodic publication. CDFW. 2022e. "California Natural Community List." Sacramento, California: CDFW. June 2020. Accessed October 2022 at https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Data/VegCAMP/Natural-Communities. CNPS. 2022. Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants (online edition, v8-03 0.45). Sacramento, California: California Native Plant Society. Accessed October 2022. www.rareplants.cnps.org. Holland, R.F. 1986. Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Natural Communities of California. NongameHeritage Program, California Department of Fish and Game. October 1986. Jepson Flora Project. 2020. Jepson eFlora. Berkeley, California: University of California. Accessed October 2022. http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/interchange/index.html. Moyle, P.B. 2002. Inland Fishes of California, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 502 pp. NABA (North American Butterfly Association) 2016. “Checklist of North American Butterflies Occurring North of Mexico.” Adapted from NABA Checklist & English Names of North American Butterflies, eds. B. Cassie, J. Glassberg, A. Swengel, and G. Tudor. 2nd ed. Morristown, New Jersey. NABA. http/www.naba.org/pubs/enames2_3.html Nafis, Gary. 2000-2022. California Herps - A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of California. Accessed October 2022. http://www.californiaherps.com/ Oberbauer, T., Meghan Kelly, and Jeremy Buegge. 2008. Draft Vegetation Communities of San Diego County. Based on “Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Natural Communities of California.” FONTANA APARTMENTS PROJECT / BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT 14386.05 13 OCTOBER 2022 Sawyer, J., T. Keeler-Wolf, and J. Evens. 2009. The Manual of California Vegetation, 2nd Edition. Sacramento, California: California Native Plant Society. Tom Dodson & Associates. 2010. Biological Constraints Analysis for the Southwest Industrial Park Specific Plan Amendment. Updated March 2010. City of Fontana, San Bernardino County. Combined appendices. p. 1118 - 1146. USDA (U.S. Department of Agriculture). 2022a. “Web Soil Survey.” USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Soil Survey Staff. Accessed October 2022. http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/. USDA. 2022b. California State PLANTS Checklist. Accessed October 2022. http://plants.usda.gov/dl_state.html. USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). 2022a. National Wetlands Inventory. Accessed October 2022. https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/data/Mapper.html USFWS. 2022b. “Critical Habitat and Occurrence Data”. Accessed October 2022. http://www.fws.gov/data. USFWS. 2022c. Environmental Conservation Online System. Information, Planning and Conservation System (IPaC). Accessed October 2022. https://ecos.fws.gov/ipac/. USGS (U.S. Geological Survey). 2022a. U.S. Topo: Maps for America. 7.5-minute topographic quadrangles reviewed for potential habitat and jurisdictional resources. https://www.usgs.gov/core-sciencesystems/national-geospatial- program/us-topo-maps-america?qtscience_support_page_related_con=0#qt-science_support_page_related_con USGS. 2022b. National Hydrography Dataset: GIS Online viewer. Accessed October 2022. http://nhd.usgs.gov/. Wilson, D.E., and D.M. Reeder, eds. 2005. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. 3rd ed. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press. FONTANA APARTMENTS PROJECT / BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT 14386.05 14 OCTOBER 2022 Figure 1 Project Site Project Location JPI Fontana Project SOURCE: Open Street Map; Bing Maps Date : 7 / 6 / 2 0 2 2 - L a s t s a v e d b y : a g r e i s - P a t h : Z : \ P r o j e c t s \ j 1 4 3 8 6 0 3 \ M A P D O C \ D O C U M E N T \ B i o \ F i g u r e 1 - P r o j e c t L o c a t i o n . m x d 02,0001,000 Feet Project Boundary Study Area (100-Foot) FIGURE 1 Loma Linda Yucaipa Yucca Valley Twentynine Palms Victorville NeedlesBarstow Apple Valley Inyo County Kern County Riverside County Imperial County Nevada Arizona 395 95 243 18 74 91 39 206 330 178 173 86 177 76 60 78 79 58 2 38 247 14 111 190 138 127 5 15 605 215 10 15 210 40 405 Project Site FONTANA APARTMENTS PROJECT / BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT 14386.05 15 OCTOBER 2022 Figure 2 Biological Resources Map Biological Resources JPI Fontana Project SOURCE: USFWS; Open Street Map; Bing Maps Date : 1 0 / 2 0 / 2 0 2 2 - L a s t s a v e d b y : a g r e i s - P a t h : Z : \ P r o j e c t s \ j 1 4 3 8 6 0 3 \ M A P D O C \ D O C U M E N T \ B i o \ F i g u r e 2 - B i o l o g i c a l R e s o u r c e . m x d 0 300150Feet Project Boundary Study Area (100-Foot) Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types NNG - Non-Native Grassland DH - Disturbed Habitat DEV - Urban/Developed Soils TuB - Tujunga Loamy Sand, 0-5% slopes USFWS National Wetland Inventory Wetlands FIGURE 2 DH DEV FONTANA APARTMENTS PROJECT / BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT 14386.05 16 OCTOBER 2022 Appendix A Species Compendium APPENDIX A / SPECIES COMPENDIUM 14386.05 A-1 OCTOBER 2022 Plant Species Angiosperms (Dicots) AMARANTHACEAE – AMARANTH FAMILY  Chenopodium album – common lambsquarters  Salsola tragus – prickly Russian thistle, common saltwort ASPARAGACEAE – ASPARAGUS FAMILY  Agave americana – century plant ASTERACEAE – SUNFLOWER FAMILY Ambrosia acanthicarpa – flatspine bur ragweed, annual bur-sage Ambrosia psilostachya – western ragweed Erigeron canadensis – horseweed Heterotheca grandiflora – telegraph weed  Lactuca serriola – prickly lettuce Pseudognaphalium microcephalum – Wright’s cudweed  Verbesina encelioides – cowpen daisy BORAGINACEAE – BORAGE FAMILY Amsinckia menziesii var. intermedia – common fiddleneck BRASSICACEAE – MUSTARD FAMILY  Hirschfeldia incana – short-pod mustard  Sisymbrium irio – London rocket CAPRIFOLIACEAE – HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY  Lonicera japonica – Japanese honeysuckle EUPHORBIACEAE – SPURGE FAMILY  Euphorbia maculata – spotted spurge FABACEAE – LEGUME FAMILY  Acacia pycnantha – golden wattle GERANIACEAE – GERANIUM FAMILY  Erodium cicutareum – common stork’s bill, redstem filaree MALVACEAE – MALLOW FAMILY  Malva parviflora – cheeseweed APPENDIX A / SPECIES COMPENDIUM 14386.05 A-2 OCTOBER 2022 MELIACEAE – MAHOGANY FAMILY  Melia azedarach – Chinaberry MORACEAE – MULBERRY FAMILY  Morus indica – Korean mulberry MYRTACEAE – MYRTLE FAMILY  Eucalyptus sp. – Eucalyptus species OLEACEAE – OLIVE FAMILY  Olea europaea – European olive, common olive PLANTANACEAE – PLANTAIN FAMILY Platanus racemosa – western sycamore SIMAROUBACEAE – QUASSIA FAMILY  Ailanthus altissima – tree of heaven SOLANACEAE – NIGHTSHADE FAMILY Datura wrightii – sacred datura VERBENACEAE – VERBENA FAMILY  Lantana camara – lantana ZYGOPHYLLACEAE – CALTROPS FAMILY  Tribula terrestris – puncture vine Angiosperms (Monocots) POACEAE - GRASS FAMILY  Bromus diandrus – great brome  Bromus tectorum – cheatgrass  Cynodon dactylon – Bermuda grass  Hordeum murinum – wall barley  Pennisetum alopecuroides – fountain grass Gymnosperms (Monocots) CUPRESSACEAE – CYPRESS FAMILY  Cupressus sempervirens – Mediterranean cypress APPENDIX A / SPECIES COMPENDIUM 14386.05 A-3 OCTOBER 2022 Wildlife Species – Vertebrates Birds COLUMBIDAE – PIGEONS AND DOVES Zenaida macroura – mourning dove CORVIDAE – JAYS AND CROWS Corvus brachyrhynchos – American crow FRINGILLIDAE – FINCHES Carpodacus mexicanus – house finch PASSERIDAE – NEW WORLD SPARROWS Passer domesticus – house sparrow Mammals SCIURIDAE – SQUIRRELS Otospermophilus beecheyi – California ground squirrel Reptiles IGUANIDAE – IGUANID LIZARDS Sceloporus occidentalis – western fence lizard  signifies introduced (non-native) species FONTANA APARTMENTS PROJECT / BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT 14386.05 17 OCTOBER 2022 Appendix B Site Photo Log APPENDIX B / SITE PHOTO LOG 14386.05 B-1 OCTOBER 2022 1. Overview of the Project Site from the west 2. Disturbed area used for semi-truck vehicle parking on southeastern portion of the Project Site 3. View from the center of the Project Site, facing southwest 4. Center of the Project Site, facing northwest APPENDIX B / SITE PHOTO LOG 14386.05 B-2 OCTOBER 2022 5. Southernmost portion of the Project Site, facing south 6. Inactive and/or partially filled small animal burrows in the center of the project site FONTANA APARTMENTS PROJECT / BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT 14386.05 18 OCTOBER 2022 Appendix C Plant Species with a Potential to Occur on the Study Area APPENDIX C / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 C-1 OCTOBER 2022 Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State/ CRPR) Primary Habitat Associations/ Life Form/ Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur Low Potential to Occur Ambrosia pumila San Diego ambrosia FE/None/1B.1 Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill grassland, Vernal pools; Alkaline (sometimes), Clay (sometimes), Disturbed areas (often), Loam (sometimes), Sandy (sometimes)/perennial rhizomatous herb/Apr–Oct/65–1,360 Low potential to occur. Grassland and disturbed habitat present with sandy loam. However, no vernal pools, clay or alkaline soils onsite. No occurrence records within 5 miles of the project site. Brodiaea filifolia thread- leaved brodiaea FT/SE/1B.1 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub, Playas, Valley and foothill grassland, Vernal pools; Clay (often)/perennial bulbiferous herb/Mar–June/80–3,670 Low potential to occur. Grassland present. However, no vernal pools or clay substrate onsite. No occurrence records within 5 miles of the project site. Calochortus catalinae Catalina mariposa lily None/None/4.2 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill grassland/perennial bulbiferous herb/(Feb)Mar–June/50–2,295 Low potential to occur. Grassland present. No occurrence records within 5 miles of the project site. Calochortus plummerae Plummer's mariposa-lily None/None/4.2 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub, Lower montane coniferous forest, Valley and foothill grassland; Granitic, Rocky/perennial bulbiferous herb/May–July/330–5,575 Low potential to occur. Grassland present but no granitic or rocky substrate onsite. Nearest occurrence record is 3.5 miles southeast of the project site, from 1998. Calochortus simulans La Panza mariposa-lily None/None/1B.3 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Lower montane coniferous forest, Valley and foothill grassland; Granitic (often), Sandy, Serpentinite (sometimes)/perennial bulbiferous herb/Apr– June/1,065–3,770 Low potential to occur. Grassland and sandy loam onsite. However, no granitic or serpentine soils present. No occurrence records within 5 miles of the project site. Calochortus weedii var. intermedius intermediate mariposa-lily None/None/1B.2 Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill grassland; Rocky/perennial bulbiferous herb/May–July/345–2,805 Low potential to occur. Grassland present but no rock substrate onsite. No occurrence records within 5 miles of the project site. Carex comosa bristly sedge None/None/2B.1 Coastal prairie, Marshes and swamps, Valley and foothill grassland/perennial rhizomatous herb/May–Sep/0–2,050 Low potential to occur. Grassland present but no mesic habitat onsite and the site is inland. No occurrence records within 5 miles of the project site. APPENDIX C / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 C-2 OCTOBER 2022 Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State/ CRPR) Primary Habitat Associations/ Life Form/ Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur Centromadia pungens ssp. laevis smooth tarplant None/None/1B.1 Chenopod scrub, Meadows and seeps, Playas, Riparian woodland, Valley and foothill grassland; Alkaline/annual herb/Apr–Sep/0–2,095 Low potential to occur. Grassland present but no alkaline substrate. No occurrence records within 5 miles of the project site. Chorizanthe parryi var. parryi Parry's spineflower None/None/1B.1 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill grassland; Openings, Rocky (sometimes), Sandy (sometimes)/annual herb/Apr–June/900–4,000 Low potential to occur. Grassland present with sandy loam substrate. However site is moderately disturbed and consists of non- native grasses and forbs and disturbed habitat. Nearest occurrence record is 2 miles southwest from the project site, historic (1903), and possibly extirpated. Deinandra paniculata paniculate tarplant None/None/4.2 Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill grassland, Vernal pools; Sandy (sometimes), Vernally Mesic (usually)/annual herb/(Mar)Apr–Nov/80–3,080 Low potential to occur. Grassland present with sandy loam substrate. However site is moderately disturbed and consists of non- native grasses and forbs and disturbed habitat. No vernal pools or mesic habitat present. No occurrence records within 5 miles of the project site. Dudleya multicaulis many- stemmed dudleya None/None/1B.2 Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill grassland; Clay (often)/perennial herb/Apr– July/50–2,590 Low potential to occur. Grassland present but no clay substrate. No occurrence records within 5 miles of the project site. Hordeum intercedens vernal barley None/None/3.2 Coastal dunes, Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill grassland, Vernal pools/annual herb/Mar– June/15–3,280 Low potential to occur. Grassland present but no vernal pools onsite. No occurrence records within 5 miles of the project site. Navarretia prostrata prostrate vernal pool navarretia None/None/1B.2 Coastal scrub, Meadows and seeps, Valley and foothill grassland, Vernal pools; Mesic/annual herb/Apr–July/10–3,965 Low potential to occur. Grassland present but no mesic habitat or vernal pools onsite. No occurrence records within 5 miles of the project site. Symphyotrichum defoliatum San Bernardino aster None/None/1B.2 Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub, Lower montane coniferous forest, Marshes and swamps, Meadows and seeps, Valley and foothill grassland; Streambanks/perennial rhizomatous herb/July–Nov/5–6,690 Low potential to occur. Grassland present, but no streams onsite. Nearest occurrence record is 3 miles southwest of the project site, from 1995. APPENDIX C / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 C-3 OCTOBER 2022 Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State/ CRPR) Primary Habitat Associations/ Life Form/ Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur Not Expected to Occur Abronia villosa var. aurita chaparral sand- verbena None/None/1B.1 Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Desert dunes; Sandy/annual herb/(Jan)Mar–Sep/245–5,245 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. No occurrence records within 5 miles of the project site. Ambrosia monogyra singlewhorl burrobrush None/None/2B.2 Chaparral, Sonoran desert scrub; Sandy/perennial shrub/Aug–Nov/35–1,640 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. No occurrence records within 5 miles of the project site. Arctostaphylos glandulosa ssp. gabrielensis San Gabriel manzanita None/None/1B.2 Chaparral/perennial evergreen shrub/Mar/1,950–4,920 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Arenaria paludicola marsh sandwort FE/SE/1B.1 Marshes and swamps; Openings, Sandy/perennial stoloniferous herb/May– Aug/10–560 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Asplenium vespertinum western spleenwort None/None/4.2 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub; Rocky/perennial rhizomatous herb/Feb– June/590–3,280 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Astragalus hornii var. hornii Horn's milk- vetch None/None/1B.1 Meadows and seeps, Playas; Alkaline, Lake Margins/annual herb/May–Oct/195–2,785 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation pr aquatic habitat present. Berberis nevinii Nevin's barberry FE/SE/1B.1 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub, Riparian scrub; Gravelly (sometimes), Sandy (sometimes)/perennial evergreen shrub/(Feb)Mar–June/230–2,705 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation or riparian habitat present. Calochortus palmeri var. palmeri Palmer's mariposa-lily None/None/1B.2 Chaparral, Lower montane coniferous forest, Meadows and seeps; Mesic/perennial bulbiferous herb/Apr–July/2,325–7,840 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation or mesic habitat present. Castilleja lasiorhyncha San Bernardino Mountains owl's-clover None/None/1B.2 Chaparral, Meadows and seeps, Pebble (Pavement) plain, Riparian woodland, Upper montane coniferous forest; Mesic/annual herb (hemiparasitic)/May–Aug/4,265–7,840 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range. Chloropyron maritimum ssp. maritimum salt marsh bird's-beak FE/SE/1B.2 Coastal dunes, Marshes and swamps/annual herb (hemiparasitic)/May–Oct(Nov)/0–100 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. APPENDIX C / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 C-4 OCTOBER 2022 Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State/ CRPR) Primary Habitat Associations/ Life Form/ Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur Chorizanthe leptotheca Peninsular spineflower None/None/4.2 Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Lower montane coniferous forest; Granitic/annual herb/May– Aug/985–6,230 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Chorizanthe xanti var. leucotheca white- bracted spineflower None/None/1B.2 Coastal scrub, Mojavean desert scrub, Pinyon and juniper woodland; Gravelly (sometimes), Sandy (sometimes)/annual herb/Apr– June/985–3,935 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Cladium californicum California saw-grass None/None/2B.2 Marshes and swamps, Meadows and seeps/perennial rhizomatous herb/June– Sep/195–5,245 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation or wetlands present. Claytonia peirsonii ssp. peirsonii Peirson's spring beauty None/None/1B.2 Subalpine coniferous forest, Upper montane coniferous forest; Granitic, Metamorphic, Scree, Talus/perennial herb/(Mar)May–June/4,950– 9,005 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Cryptantha incana Tulare cryptantha None/None/1B.3 Lower montane coniferous forest/annual herb/June–Aug/4,690–7,050 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Cuscuta obtusiflora var. glandulosa Peruvian dodder None/None/2B.2 Marshes and swamps/annual vine (parasitic)/July–Oct/50–920 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Diplacus johnstonii Johnston's monkeyflow er None/None/4.3 Lower montane coniferous forest/annual herb/May–Aug/3,195–9,580 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Dodecahema leptoceras slender- horned spineflower FE/SE/1B.1 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub; Sandy/annual herb/Apr–June/655–2,490 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. APPENDIX C / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 C-5 OCTOBER 2022 Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State/ CRPR) Primary Habitat Associations/ Life Form/ Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur Eriastrum densifolium ssp. sanctorum Santa Ana River woollystar FE/SE/1B.1 Chaparral, Coastal scrub; Gravelly (sometimes), Sandy (sometimes)/perennial herb/Apr– Sep/300–2,000 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Eriogonum microthecum var. alpinum alpine slender buckwheat None/None/4.3 Alpine dwarf scrub, Great Basin scrub; Gravelly (sometimes), Rocky (sometimes)/perennial herb/July–Sep/8,200–10,825 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Eriogonum microthecum var. johnstonii Johnston's buckwheat None/None/1B.3 Subalpine coniferous forest, Upper montane coniferous forest; Rocky/perennial deciduous shrub/July–Sep/6,000–9,595 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Eriogonum umbellatum var. minus alpine sulfur- flowered buckwheat None/None/4.3 Subalpine coniferous forest, Upper montane coniferous forest; Gravelly/perennial herb/June–Sep/5,905–10,065 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Eriophyllum lanatum var. obovatum southern Sierra woolly sunflower None/None/4.3 Lower montane coniferous forest, Upper montane coniferous forest; Loam, Sandy/perennial herb/June–July/3,650–8,200 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Fimbristylis thermalis hot springs fimbristylis None/None/2B.2 Meadows and seeps/perennial rhizomatous herb/July–Sep/360–4,395 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Frasera neglecta pine green- gentian None/None/4.3 Lower montane coniferous forest, Pinyon and juniper woodland, Upper montane coniferous forest/perennial herb/May–July/4,590–8,200 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Fritillaria pinetorum pine fritillary None/None/4.3 Chaparral, Lower montane coniferous forest, Pinyon and juniper woodland, Subalpine coniferous forest, Upper montane coniferous forest; Granitic (sometimes), Metamorphic (sometimes)/perennial bulbiferous herb/May– July(Sep)/5,690–10,825 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Galium angustifolium ssp. gabrielense San Antonio Canyon bedstraw None/None/4.3 Chaparral, Lower montane coniferous forest; Granitic, Rocky (sometimes), Sandy (sometimes)/perennial herb/Apr–Aug/3,935– 8,690 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. APPENDIX C / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 C-6 OCTOBER 2022 Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State/ CRPR) Primary Habitat Associations/ Life Form/ Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur Galium californicum ssp. primum Alvin Meadow bedstraw None/None/1B.2 Chaparral, Lower montane coniferous forest; Granitic, Sandy/perennial herb/May– July/4,425–5,575 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Galium jepsonii Jepson's bedstraw None/None/4.3 Lower montane coniferous forest, Upper montane coniferous forest; Granitic, Gravelly (sometimes), Rocky (sometimes)/perennial rhizomatous herb/July–Aug/5,050–8,200 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Galium johnstonii Johnston's bedstraw None/None/4.3 Chaparral, Lower montane coniferous forest, Pinyon and juniper woodland, Riparian woodland/perennial herb/June–July/4,000– 7,545 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Helianthus nuttallii ssp. parishii Los Angeles sunflower None/None/1A Marshes and swamps/perennial rhizomatous herb/Aug–Oct/35–5,000 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Heuchera caespitosa urn-flowered alumroot None/None/4.3 Cismontane woodland, Lower montane coniferous forest, Riparian forest, Upper montane coniferous forest; Rocky/perennial rhizomatous herb/May–Aug/3,785–8,690 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Horkelia cuneata var. puberula mesa horkelia None/None/1B.1 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub; Gravelly (sometimes), Sandy (sometimes)/perennial herb/Feb– July(Sep)/230–2,655 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Imperata brevifolia California satintail None/None/2B.1 Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Meadows and seeps, Mojavean desert scrub, Riparian scrub; Mesic/perennial rhizomatous herb/Sep–May/0– 3,985 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Juglans californica Southern California black walnut None/None/4.2 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub, Riparian woodland/perennial deciduous tree/Mar–Aug/165–2,950 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation or riparian habitat present. Juncus duranii Duran's rush None/None/4.3 Lower montane coniferous forest, Meadows and seeps, Upper montane coniferous forest; Mesic/perennial rhizomatous herb/July– Aug/5,800–9,195 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. APPENDIX C / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 C-7 OCTOBER 2022 Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State/ CRPR) Primary Habitat Associations/ Life Form/ Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur Lasthenia glabrata ssp. coulteri Coulter's goldfields None/None/1B.1 Marshes and swamps, Playas, Vernal pools/annual herb/Feb–June/5–4,000 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation or mesic habitat present. Lepechinia fragrans fragrant pitcher sage None/None/4.2 Chaparral/perennial shrub/Mar–Oct/65–4,295 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Lepidium virginicum var. robinsonii Robinson's pepper- grass None/None/4.3 Chaparral, Coastal scrub/annual herb/Jan– July/5–2,900 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Lilium humboldtii ssp. ocellatum ocellated Humboldt lily None/None/4.2 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub, Lower montane coniferous forest, Riparian woodland; Openings/perennial bulbiferous herb/Mar–July(Aug)/100–5,905 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation or riparian present. Lilium parryi lemon lily None/None/1B.2 Lower montane coniferous forest, Meadows and seeps, Riparian forest, Upper montane coniferous forest; Mesic/perennial bulbiferous herb/July–Aug/4,000–9,005 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Linanthus concinnus San Gabriel linanthus None/None/1B.2 Chaparral, Lower montane coniferous forest, Upper montane coniferous forest; Openings, Rocky/annual herb/Apr–July/4,985–9,185 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Lycium parishii Parish's desert-thorn None/None/2B.3 Coastal scrub, Sonoran desert scrub/perennial shrub/Mar–Apr/445–3,280 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Malacothamnus parishii Parish's bush-mallow None/None/1A Chaparral, Coastal scrub/perennial deciduous shrub/June–July/1,000–1,490 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Monardella australis ssp. jokerstii Jokerst's monardella None/None/1B.1 Chaparral, Lower montane coniferous forest; Alluvial Terraces, Drainages, Scree, Slopes, Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. APPENDIX C / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 C-8 OCTOBER 2022 Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State/ CRPR) Primary Habitat Associations/ Life Form/ Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur Talus, Washes/perennial rhizomatous herb/July– Sep/4,425–5,740 Monardella pringlei Pringle's monardella None/None/1A Coastal scrub/annual herb/May–June/985– 1,310 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Monardella saxicola rock monardella None/None/4.2 Chaparral, Closed-cone coniferous forest, Lower montane coniferous forest; Rocky, Serpentinite (usually)/perennial rhizomatous herb/June– Sep/1,640–5,905 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Muhlenbergia californica California muhly None/None/4.3 Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Lower montane coniferous forest, Meadows and seeps; Mesic, Seeps, Streambanks/perennial rhizomatous herb/June–Sep/330–6,560 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation or mesic habitat present. Muhlenbergia utilis aparejo grass None/None/2B.2 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub, Marshes and swamps, Meadows and seeps; Alkaline (sometimes), Serpentinite (sometimes)/perennial rhizomatous herb/Mar– Oct/80–7,625 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Nasturtium gambelii Gambel's water cress FE/ST/1B.1 Marshes and swamps/perennial rhizomatous herb/Apr–Oct/15–1,080 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Opuntia basilaris var. brachyclada short-joint beavertail None/None/1B.2 Chaparral, Joshua tree "woodland", Mojavean desert scrub, Pinyon and juniper woodland/perennial stem/Apr– June(Aug)/1,390–5,905 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Oreonana vestita woolly mountain- parsley None/None/1B.3 Lower montane coniferous forest, Subalpine coniferous forest, Upper montane coniferous forest; Gravelly (sometimes), Talus (sometimes)/perennial herb/Mar–Sep/5,295– 11,480 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. APPENDIX C / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 C-9 OCTOBER 2022 Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State/ CRPR) Primary Habitat Associations/ Life Form/ Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur Phacelia mohavensis Mojave phacelia None/None/4.3 Cismontane woodland, Lower montane coniferous forest, Meadows and seeps, Pinyon and juniper woodland; Gravelly (sometimes), Sandy (sometimes)/annual herb/Apr– Aug/4,590–8,200 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Phacelia stellaris Brand's star phacelia None/None/1B.1 Coastal dunes, Coastal scrub/annual herb/Mar– June/5–1,310 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present and the site is inland. Pseudognaphaliu m leucocephalum white rabbit- tobacco None/None/2B.2 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub, Riparian woodland; Gravelly, Sandy/perennial herb/(July)Aug–Nov(Dec)/0–6,885 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation or riparian habitat present. Quercus durata var. gabrielensis San Gabriel oak None/None/4.2 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland/perennial evergreen shrub/Apr–May/1,475–3,280 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Ribes divaricatum var. parishii Parish's gooseberry None/None/1A Riparian woodland/perennial deciduous shrub/Feb–Apr/215–985 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Romneya coulteri Coulter's matilija poppy None/None/4.2 Chaparral, Coastal scrub; Burned areas (often)/perennial rhizomatous herb/Mar– July(Aug)/65–3,935 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation or burned areas present. Sagittaria sanfordii Sanford's arrowhead None/None/1B.2 Marshes and swamps/perennial rhizomatous herb (emergent)/May–Oct(Nov)/0–2,130 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation or wetlands present. Schoenus nigricans black bog- rush None/None/2B.2 Marshes and swamps/perennial herb/Aug– Sep/490–6,560 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation or wetlands present. APPENDIX C / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 C-10 OCTOBER 2022 Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State/ CRPR) Primary Habitat Associations/ Life Form/ Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur Senecio aphanactis chaparral ragwort None/None/2B.2 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub; Alkaline (sometimes)/annual herb/Jan– Apr(May)/50–2,620 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Senecio astephanus San Gabriel ragwort None/None/4.3 Chaparral, Coastal bluff scrub; Rocky, Slopes/perennial herb/May–July/1,310–4,920 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Sidalcea neomexicana salt spring checkerbloo m None/None/2B.2 Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Lower montane coniferous forest, Mojavean desert scrub, Playas; Alkaline, Mesic/perennial herb/Mar–June/50– 5,015 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Sphenopholis obtusata prairie wedge grass None/None/2B.2 Cismontane woodland, Meadows and seeps; Mesic/perennial herb/Apr–July/985–6,560 Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation or mesic habitat present. Streptanthus bernardinus Laguna Mountains jewelflower None/None/4.3 Chaparral, Lower montane coniferous forest/perennial herb/May–Aug/2,195–8,200 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Streptanthus campestris southern jewelflower None/None/1B.3 Chaparral, Lower montane coniferous forest, Pinyon and juniper woodland; Rocky/perennial herb/(Apr)May–July/2,950–7,545 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Viola pinetorum ssp. grisea grey-leaved violet None/None/1B.2 Meadows and seeps, Subalpine coniferous forest, Upper montane coniferous forest/perennial herb/Apr–July/4,920–11,150 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable vegetation present. Yucca brevifolia western Joshua tree None/SC/CBR Great Basin grassland, Great Basin scrub, Joshua tree woodland, Mojavean desert scrub, Pinyon and juniper woodland, Sonoran desert scrub, Valley and foothill grassland/perennial leaf succulent/Apr–May/1,310–6,560 Not expected to occur. The site is outside of the species’ known elevation range. APPENDIX C / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 C-11 OCTOBER 2022 Status Legend: FE: Federally listed as endangered FT: Federally listed as threatened SE: State listed as endangered ST: State listed as threatened SC: State Candidate for listing SR: State Rare CRPR 1A: Plants presumed extirpated in California and either rare or extinct elsewhere CRPR 1B: Plants rare, threatened, or endangered in California and elsewhere CRPR 2A: Plants presumed extirpated in California but common elsewhere CRPR 2B: Plants rare, threatened, or endangered in California but more common elsewhere CRPR 3: Review List: Plants about which more information is needed CRPR 4: Watch List: Plants of limited distribution .1 Seriously threatened in California (over 80% of occurrences threatened / high degree and immediacy of threat) .2 Moderately threatened in California (20–80% occurrences threatened / moderate degree and immediacy of threat) .3 Not very threatened in California (<20% of occurrences threatened / low degree and immediacy of threat or no current threats known) CBR: Considered but Rejected FONTANA APARTMENTS PROJECT / BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT 14386.05 19 OCTOBER 2022 Appendix D Special-Status Wildlife Species with a Potential to Occur on the Study Area ATTACHMENT D / SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 D-1 OCTOBER 2022 Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State) Habitat Potential to Occur Low Potential To Occur Birds Athene cunicularia (burrow sites & some wintering sites) burrowing owl BCC/SSC Nests and forages in grassland, open scrub, and agriculture, particularly with ground squirrel burrows Low potential to occur. Suitable non-native grassland present with two small animal burrows that were filled in or less than 4 inches in diameter. Previous grading onsite has compacted soils and unlikely to support burrowing. Nearest occurrence record is approximately 1 mile southeast, from 2004. Buteo swainsoni (nesting) Swainson's hawk None/ST Nests in open woodland and savanna, riparian, and in isolated large trees; forages in nearby grasslands and agricultural areas such as wheat and alfalfa fields and pasture Low potential to occur. No nesting habitat present. Non-native grassland habitat onsite could support foraging opportunities. No occurrence records within 5 miles of the project site (CDFW 2022). Falco columbarius (wintering) merlin None/WL Forages in semi-open areas, including coastline, grassland, agriculture, savanna, woodland, lakes, and wetlands Low potential to occur. Semi-open grassland present onsite could support foraging opportunities. No occurrence records within 5 miles. Lanius ludovicianus (nesting) loggerhead shrike None/SSC Nests and forages in open habitats with scattered shrubs, trees, or other perches Low potential to occur. Open grassland with scattered ornamental trees and eucalyptus windrow onsite could support nesting and foraging opportunities. No occurrence records within 5 miles. Invertebrates Bombus crotchii Crotch bumble bee None/None Open grassland and scrub communities supporting suitable floral resources. Low potential to occur. Open grassland with shrubs and ornamental trees onsite could support foraging opportunities. No occurrence records within 5 miles. Mammals ATTACHMENT D / SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 D-2 OCTOBER 2022 Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State) Habitat Potential to Occur Chaetodipus fallax fallax northwestern San Diego pocket mouse None/SSC Coastal scrub, mixed chaparral, sagebrush, desert wash, desert scrub, desert succulent shrub, pinyon–juniper, and annual grassland Low potential to occur. Grassland present but no suitable small animal burrows onsite, and no wetlands. Nearest occurrence record is 0.75 miles southeast from 1999 and is possibly extirpated. Dipodomys stephensi Stephens' kangaroo rat FE/ST Annual and perennial grassland habitats, coastal scrub or sagebrush with sparse canopy cover, or in disturbed areas Low potential to occur. Disturbed non- native grassland present, but few small animal burrows onsite are filled in. Site is previously graded; compacted soils onsite are not likely to support burrowing animals. Nearest occurrence record is 2.5 miles south in Jarupa Mountain, historic (1909), and possibly extirpated. Eumops perotis californicus western mastiff bat None/SSC Chaparral, coastal and desert scrub, coniferous and deciduous forest and woodland; roosts in crevices in rocky canyons and cliffs where the canyon or cliff is vertical or nearly vertical, trees, and tunnels Low potential to occur. Ornamental trees (eucalyptus grove) onsite could provide roosting habitat. No suitable foraging habitat present. No occurrence records within 5 miles of the project site. Lepus californicus bennettii San Diego black- tailed jackrabbit None/None Arid habitats with open ground; grasslands, coastal scrub, agriculture, disturbed areas, and rangelands Low potential to occur. Open arid grassland and disturbed habitat onsite. Nearest occurrence record is from 1999, located 0.75 miles southeast, and is possibly extirpated. Onychomys torridus ramona southern grasshopper mouse None/SSC Grassland and sparse coastal scrub Low potential to occur. Suitable grassland present but site is compacted by prior grading and unlikely to support burrowing animals. No active animal burrows present. No occurrence records within 5 miles of the project site. Perognathus longimembris brevinasus Los Angeles pocket mouse None/SSC Lower-elevation grassland, alluvial sage scrub, and coastal scrub Low potential to occur. Suitable grassland present but site is compacted by prior grading and unlikely to support burrowing animals. No active animal burrows ATTACHMENT D / SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 D-3 OCTOBER 2022 Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State) Habitat Potential to Occur present. No occurrence records within 5 miles of the project site. Taxidea taxus American badger None/SSC Dry, open, treeless areas; grasslands, coastal scrub, agriculture, and pastures, especially with friable soils Low potential to occur. Open dry grassland with sandy soils onsite. However, soils are compacted from prior grading and not friable. No occurrence records within 5 miles of the project site. Reptiles Arizona elegans occidentalis California glossy snake None/SSC Arid scrub, rocky washes, grasslands, chaparral, open areas with loose soil Low potential to occur. Arid open grassland present, but soils are compacted from prior grading rather than loose. Phrynosoma blainvillii Blainville's horned lizard None/SSC Open areas of sandy soil in valleys, foothills, and semi-arid mountains including coastal scrub, chaparral, valley–foothill hardwood, conifer, riparian, pine–cypress, juniper, and annual grassland habitats Low potential to occur. Suitable open grassland with sandy soil present. Nearest occurrence record is 1.5 miles southeast, from 1999, and is possibly extirpated. Not Expected to Occur Amphibians Batrachoseps gabrieli San Gabriel slender salamander None/None Talus slopes in forested areas, often near streams Not expected to occur. No suitable sloped forested vegetation or aquatic habitat present. Rana muscosa mountain yellow- legged frog FE/SE, WL Lakes, ponds, meadow streams, isolated pools, and open riverbanks; rocky canyons in narrow canyons and in chaparral Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation or aquatic habitat present. Spea hammondii western spadefoot None/SSC Primarily grassland and vernal pools, but also in ephemeral wetlands that persist at least 3 weeks in chaparral, coastal scrub, valley–foothill woodlands, pastures, and other agriculture Not expected to occur. No vernal pools, wetlands, or suitable vegetation present. Birds ATTACHMENT D / SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 D-4 OCTOBER 2022 Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State) Habitat Potential to Occur Accipiter cooperii (nesting) Cooper's hawk None/WL Nests and forages in dense stands of live oak, riparian woodlands, or other woodland habitats often near water Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation or aquatic habitat present. Agelaius tricolor (nesting colony) tricolored blackbird BCC/SSC, ST Nests near freshwater, emergent wetland with cattails or tules, but also in Himalayan blackberrry; forages in grasslands, woodland, and agriculture Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation or aquatic habitat present. Aimophila ruficeps canescens Southern California rufous-crowned sparrow None/WL Nests and forages in open coastal scrub and chaparral with low cover of scattered scrub interspersed with rocky and grassy patches Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Artemisiospiza belli belli Bell's sage sparrow None/WL Nests and forages in coastal scrub and dry chaparral; typically in large, unfragmented patches dominated by chamise; nests in more dense patches but uses more open habitat in winter Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Coccyzus americanus occidentalis (nesting) western yellow- billed cuckoo FT/SE Nests in dense, wide riparian woodlands and forest with well-developed understories Not expected to occur. No suitable dense riparian vegetation present. Coturnicops noveboracensis yellow rail BCC/SSC Nesting requires wet marsh/sedge meadows or coastal marshes with wet soil and shallow, standing water Not expected to occur. No suitable wetlands or vegetation present. Empidonax traillii extimus (nesting) southwestern willow flycatcher FE/SE Nests in dense riparian habitats along streams, reservoirs, or wetlands; uses variety of riparian and shrubland habitats during migration Not expected to occur. No suitable riparian or shrubland vegetation present to support foraging or nesting. Eremophila alpestris actia California horned lark None/WL This subspecies of horned lark occurs on the state's southern and central coastal slope and in the San Joaquin Valley. Nests and forages in grasslands, disturbed lands, agriculture, and beaches. Not expected to occur. While grassland onsite could support foraging and nesting opportunities, the site is outside of this specie's range. ATTACHMENT D / SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 D-5 OCTOBER 2022 Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State) Habitat Potential to Occur Icteria virens (nesting) yellow-breasted chat None/SSC Nests and forages in dense, relatively wide riparian woodlands and thickets of willows, vine tangles, and dense brush Not expected to occur. No suitable foraging or nesting habitat present. Laterallus jamaicensis coturniculus California black rail None/FP, ST Tidal marshes, shallow freshwater margins, wet meadows, and flooded grassy vegetation; suitable habitats are often supplied by canal leakage in Sierra Nevada foothill populations Not expected to occur. No wetlands or mesic vegetation present. Polioptila californica californica coastal California gnatcatcher FT/SSC Nests and forages in various sage scrub communities, often dominated by California sagebrush and buckwheat; generally avoids nesting in areas with a slope of greater than 40%; majority of nesting at less than 1,000 feet above mean sea level Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Setophaga petechia (nesting) yellow warbler None/SSC Nests and forages in riparian and oak woodlands, montane chaparral, open ponderosa pine, and mixed-conifer habitats Not expected to occur. No suitable riparian habitat or vegetation present. Spinus lawrencei (nesting) Lawrence's goldfinch BCC/None Nests and forages in open oak, arid woodlands, and chaparral near water Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation or aquatic habitat present. Vireo bellii pusillus (nesting) least Bell's vireo FE/SE Nests and forages in low, dense riparian thickets along water or along dry parts of intermittent streams; forages in riparian and adjacent shrubland late in nesting season Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation or aquatic habitat present. Fishes Catostomus santaanae Santa Ana sucker FT/None Small, shallow, cool, clear streams less than 7 meters (23 feet) in width and a few centimeters to more than a meter (1.5 inches to more than 3 feet) in depth; substrates are generally coarse gravel, rubble, and boulder Not expected to occur. No suitable aquatic habitat present. ATTACHMENT D / SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 D-6 OCTOBER 2022 Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State) Habitat Potential to Occur Gila orcuttii arroyo chub None/SSC Warm, fluctuating streams with slow- moving or backwater sections of warm to cool streams at depths >40 centimeters (16 inches); substrates of sand or mud Not expected to occur. No suitable aquatic habitat present. Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus pop. 10 southern steelhead - southern California DPS FE/SCE Clean, clear, cool, well-oxygenated streams; needs relatively deep pools in migration and gravelly substrate to spawn Not expected to occur. No suitable aquatic habitat present. Rhinichthys osculus ssp. 8 Santa Ana speckled dace None/SSC Headwaters of the Santa Ana and San Gabriel Rivers; may be extirpated from the Los Angeles River system Not expected to occur. No suitable aquatic habitat present. Invertebrates Euphydryas editha quino quino checkerspot butterfly FE/SCE Annual forblands, grassland, open coastal scrub and chaparral; often soils with cryptogamic crusts and fine-textured clay; host plants include Plantago erecta, Antirrhinum coulterianum, and Plantago patagonica (Silverado Occurrence Complex) Not expected to occur. No host plants, food plants, suitable vegetation, or suitable substrate onsite. Rhaphiomidas terminatus abdominalis Delhi Sands flower- loving fly FE/None Delhi fine sandy soils and dunes, scrub and ruderal vegetation in the sand verbena series with <50% cover Not expected to occur No dunes or Delhi sands onsite. While occurrence records are onsite (entire Fontana quadrant), Delhi sands are not present and substrate is Tujunga sand. Streptocephalus woottoni Riverside fairy shrimp FE/None Vernal pools, non-vegetated ephemeral pools Not expected to occur. No vernal pools or wetlands present. Mammals Chaetodipus fallax pallidus pallid San Diego pocket mouse None/SSC Desert wash, desert scrub, desert succulent scrub, and pinyon–juniper woodland Not expected to occur. No suitable desert wash or vegetation present. ATTACHMENT D / SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 D-7 OCTOBER 2022 Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State) Habitat Potential to Occur Dasypterus xanthinus western yellow bat None/SSC Valley–foothill riparian, desert riparian, desert wash, and palm oasis habitats; below 2,000 feet above mean sea level; roosts in riparian and palms Not expected to occur. No suitable riparian habitat or vegetation present for roosting or foraging. Dipodomys merriami parvus San Bernardino kangaroo rat FE/SSC, SCE Sparse scrub habitat, alluvial scrub/coastal scrub habitats on gravelly and sandy soils near river and stream terraces Not expected to occur. No alluvial or riparian habitat and no suitable vegetation present. Glaucomys oregonensis californicus San Bernardino flying squirrel None/SSC Coniferous and deciduous forests, including riparian forests Not expected to occur. No suitable riparian vegetation present. Neotoma lepida intermedia San Diego desert woodrat None/SSC Coastal scrub, desert scrub, chaparral, cacti, rocky areas Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Nyctinomops femorosaccus pocketed free- tailed bat None/SSC Pinyon–juniper woodlands, desert scrub, desert succulent shrub, desert riparian, desert wash, alkali desert scrub, Joshua tree, and palm oases; roosts in high cliffs or rock outcrops with drop-offs, caverns, and buildings Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Ovis canadensis nelsoni Nelson's bighorn sheep None/FP Steep slopes and cliffs, rough and rocky topography, sparse vegetation; also canyons, washes, and alluvial fans Not expected to occur. Site is flat with no suitable alluvial habitat or vegetation. Reptiles Anniella stebbinsi southern California legless lizard None/SSC Coastal dunes, stabilized dunes, beaches, dry washes, valley–foothill, chaparral, and scrubs; pine, oak, and riparian woodlands; associated with sparse vegetation and moist sandy or loose, loamy soils Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation or mesic habitat present. No loose, loamy soils present. ATTACHMENT D / SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 D-8 OCTOBER 2022 Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State) Habitat Potential to Occur Aspidoscelis hyperythra orange-throated whiptail None/WL Low-elevation coastal scrub, chaparral, and valley–foothill hardwood Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Aspidoscelis tigris stejnegeri San Diegan tiger whiptail None/SSC Hot and dry areas with sparse foliage, including chaparral, woodland, and riparian areas. Not expected to occur. No suitable riparian habitat or vegetation present. Charina umbratica southern rubber boa None/ST Montane oak–conifer and mixed-conifer forests, montane chaparral, wet meadows; usually in vicinity of streams or wet meadows Not expected to occur. No suitable mesic habitat or vegetation present. Coleonyx variegatus abbotti San Diego banded gecko None/SSC Rocky areas within coastal scrub and chaparral Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation present. Crotalus ruber red diamondback rattlesnake None/SSC Coastal scrub, chaparral, oak and pine woodlands, rocky grasslands, cultivated areas, and desert flats Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation or substrate present. Diadophis punctatus modestus San Bernardino ring-necked snake None/None Moist habitats including wet meadows, rocky hillsides, gardens, farmland grassland, chaparral, mixed-conifer forest, and woodland Not expected to occur. No mesic habitat or suitable vegetation present. Emys marmorata western pond turtle None/SSC Slow-moving permanent or intermittent streams, ponds, small lakes, and reservoirs with emergent basking sites; adjacent uplands used for nesting and during winter Not expected to occur. No suitable aquatic habitat or vegetation present. Thamnophis hammondii two-striped gartersnake None/SSC Streams, creeks, pools, streams with rocky beds, ponds, lakes, vernal pools Not expected to occur. No suitable aquatic habitat present. ATTACHMENT D / SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES WITH A POTENTIAL TO OCCUR ON THE STUDY AREA 14386.05 D-9 OCTOBER 2022 Status Abbreviations: FE: Federally listed as endangered FT: Federally listed as threatened FPE: Federally proposed for listing as endangered PFT: Federally proposed for listing as threatened FC: Federal candidate species (former Category 1 candidates) FPD: Federally proposed for delisting BCC: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Bird of Conservation Concern SSC: California Species of Special Concern FP: California Fully Protected Species WL: California Watch List Species SE: State listed as endangered ST: State listed as threatened SC: State candidate for listing as threatened or endangered SCE: State candidate for listing as endangered SCT: State candidate for listing as threatened