HomeMy WebLinkAboutM - Noise Assessment
Almond & Valley Distribution
Center
NOISE AND VIBRATION ANALYSIS
CITY OF FONTANA
PREPARED BY:
Bill Lawson, PE, INCE
blawson@urbanxroads.com
(949) 336-5979
MARCH 30, 2023
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................................................................... III
APPENDICES .................................................................................................................................... IV
LIST OF EXHIBITS .............................................................................................................................. IV
LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................. V
LIST OF ABBREVIATED TERMS ........................................................................................................... VI
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................... 1
1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Site Location .................................................................................................................................. 3
1.2 Project Description ........................................................................................................................ 3
2 FUNDAMENTALS ....................................................................................................................... 7
2.1 Range of Noise .............................................................................................................................. 7
2.2 Noise Descriptors .......................................................................................................................... 8
2.3 Sound Propagation ........................................................................................................................ 8
2.4 Noise Control ................................................................................................................................ 9
2.5 Noise Barrier Attenuation ............................................................................................................. 9
2.6 Land Use Compatibility With Noise ............................................................................................ 10
2.7 Community Response to Noise ................................................................................................... 10
2.8 Vibration ..................................................................................................................................... 11
3 REGULATORY SETTING ............................................................................................................. 13
3.1 State of California Noise Requirements ...................................................................................... 13
3.2 City of Fontana General Plan Noise Element .............................................................................. 13
3.3 Operational Noise Standards ...................................................................................................... 15
3.4 Construction Noise Standards .................................................................................................... 15
3.5 Construction Vibration Standards ............................................................................................... 16
3.6 Airport Land Use Compatibility ................................................................................................... 16
4 SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA ........................................................................................................... 19
4.1 Noise Level Increases (Threshold A) ........................................................................................... 19
4.2 Vibration (Threshold B) ............................................................................................................... 20
4.3 CEQA Guidelines Not Further Analyzed (Threshold C) ............................................................... 20
4.4 Significance Criteria Summary .................................................................................................... 20
5 EXISTING NOISE LEVEL MEASUREMENTS .................................................................................. 23
5.1 Measurement Procedure and Criteria ........................................................................................ 23
5.2 Noise Measurement Locations ................................................................................................... 23
5.3 Noise Measurement Results ....................................................................................................... 24
6 RECEIVER LOCATIONS .............................................................................................................. 27
7 OPERATIONAL NOISE ANALYSIS ............................................................................................... 29
7.1 Operational Noise Sources .......................................................................................................... 29
7.2 Reference Noise Levels ............................................................................................................... 29
7.3 CadnaA Noise Prediction Model ................................................................................................. 32
7.4 Project Operational Noise Levels ................................................................................................ 33
7.5 Project Operational Noise Level Compliance .............................................................................. 34
7.6 Project Operational Noise Level Increases ................................................................................. 34
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7.7 Off-Site Traffic Noise Analysis ..................................................................................................... 36
8 CONSTRUCTION ANALYSIS ....................................................................................................... 37
8.1 Construction Noise Levels ........................................................................................................... 37
8.2 Construction Reference Noise Levels ......................................................................................... 37
8.3 Construction Noise Analysis ........................................................................................................ 39
8.4 Construction Noise Level Compliance ........................................................................................ 40
8.5 Construction Vibration Analysis .................................................................................................. 42
9 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................ 45
10 CERTIFICATIONS ...................................................................................................................... 47
APPENDICES
APPENDIX 3.1: CITY OF FONTANA DEVELOPMENT CODE
APPENDIX 5.1: STUDY AREA PHOTOS
APPENDIX 5.2: NOISE LEVEL MEASUREMENT WORKSHEETS
APPENDIX 7.1: CADNAA OPERATIONAL NOISE MODEL INPUTS
APPENDIX 8.1: CADNAA CONSTRUCTION NOISE MODEL INPUTS
APPENDIX 8.2: CADNAA CONCRETE POUR NOISE MODEL INPUTS
LIST OF EXHIBITS
EXHIBIT 1-A: LOCATION MAP ............................................................................................................. 4
EXHIBIT 1-B: SITE PLAN ...................................................................................................................... 5
EXHIBIT 2-A: TYPICAL NOISE LEVELS ................................................................................................... 7
EXHIBIT 2-B: NOISE LEVEL INCREASE PERCEPTION ............................................................................ 10
EXHIBIT 2-C: TYPICAL LEVELS OF GROUND-BORNE VIBRATION .......................................................... 12
EXHIBIT 3-A: LAND USE NOISE COMPATIBILITY CRITERIA .................................................................. 14
EXHIBIT 3-B: LA/ONT FUTURE AIRPORT NOISE CONTOURS ............................................................... 17
EXHIBIT 5-A: NOISE MEASUREMENT LOCATIONS .............................................................................. 25
EXHIBIT 6-A: RECEIVER LOCATIONS .................................................................................................. 28
EXHIBIT 7-A: OPERATIONAL NOISE SOURCE LOCATIONS ................................................................... 30
EXHIBIT 8-A: CONSTRUCTION NOISE SOURCE AND RECEIVER LOCATIONS ......................................... 38
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LIST OF TABLES
TABLE ES-1: SUMMARY OF CEQA SIGNIFICANCE FINDINGS ................................................................. 1
TABLE 3-1: OPERATIONAL NOISE STANDARDS .................................................................................. 15
TABLE 4-1: SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA SUMMARY ................................................................................. 21
TABLE 5-1: AMBIENT NOISE LEVEL MEASUREMENTS ........................................................................ 24
TABLE 7-1: REFERENCE NOISE LEVEL MEASUREMENTS ...................................................................... 31
TABLE 7-2: DAYTIME PROJECT OPERATIONAL NOISE LEVELS .............................................................. 33
TABLE 7-3: NIGHTTIME PROJECT OPERATIONAL NOISE LEVELS .......................................................... 34
TABLE 7-4: OPERATIONAL NOISE LEVEL COMPLIANCE ....................................................................... 34
TABLE 7-5: DAYTIME PROJECT OPERATIONAL NOISE LEVEL INCREASES ............................................. 35
TABLE 7-6: NIGHTTIME OPERATIONAL NOISE LEVEL INCREASES ........................................................ 35
TABLE 8-1: CONSTRUCTION REFERENCE NOISE LEVELS ..................................................................... 39
TABLE 8-2: CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT NOISE LEVEL SUMMARY .................................................... 40
TABLE 8-3: TYPICAL CONSTRUCTION NOISE LEVEL COMPLIANCE ....................................................... 40
TABLE 8-4: NIGHTTIME CONCRETE POUR NOISE LEVEL COMPLIANCE ................................................ 41
TABLE 8-5: VIBRATION SOURCE LEVELS FOR CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT ........................................ 42
TABLE 8-6: PROJECT CONSTRUCTION VIBRATION LEVELS .................................................................. 43
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LIST OF ABBREVIATED TERMS
(1) Reference
ANSI American National Standards Institute
CEQA California Environmental Quality Act
CNEL Community Noise Equivalent Level
dBA A-weighted decibels
FHWA Federal Highway Administration
FTA Federal Transit Administration
INCE Institute of Noise Control Engineering
Leq Equivalent continuous (average) sound level
Lmax Maximum level measured over the time interval
Lmin Minimum level measured over the time interval
mph Miles per hour
PPV Peak Particle Velocity
Project Almond & Valley Distribution Center
RMS Root-mean-square
VdB Vibration Decibels
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Urban Crossroads, Inc. has prepared this noise study to determine the potential noise impacts
and the necessary noise mitigation measures, if any, for the proposed Almond & Valley
Distribution Center development (“Project”). The Project will redevelop the existing 11.28-acre
property with a single 275,560 square foot (SF) warehouse building (269,560 SF of warehousing
space and 6,000 SF of office space, with mezzanine space included). At the time this noise
analysis was prepared, the future tenants of the proposed Project were unknown, and therefore,
this noise study includes a conservative analysis of the proposed Project uses. This study has
been prepared to satisfy applicable City of Fontana standards and thresholds of significance
based on guidance provided by Appendix G of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA)
Guidelines. (1)
The results of this Almond & Valley Distribution Center Noise and Vibration Analysis are
summarized below based on the significance criteria in Section 4 of this report. Table ES-1 shows
the findings of significance for each potential noise and/or vibration impact under CEQA before
and after any required mitigation measures.
TABLE ES-1: SUMMARY OF CEQA SIGNIFICANCE FINDINGS
Analysis Report
Section
Significance Findings
Unmitigated Mitigated
Operational Noise 7 Less Than Significant -
Construction Noise 8 Less Than Significant -
Construction Vibration Less Than Significant -
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1 INTRODUCTION
This noise analysis has been completed to determine the noise impacts associated with the
development of the proposed Almond & Valley Distribution Center (“Project”). This noise study
briefly describes the proposed Project, provides information regarding noise fundamentals, sets
out the local regulatory setting, presents the study methods and procedures, and evaluates the
future exterior noise environment. In addition, this study includes an analysis of the potential
Project-related long-term stationary-source operational noise and short-term construction noise
and vibration impacts.
1.1 SITE LOCATION
The proposed Project is located 9813 Almond Avenue in the City of Fontana. The Project location
is shown on Exhibit 1-A. The Project Site is with located within an existing industrial area south
of the Auto Club Speedway less than one mile north of the I-10 Freeway. The nearest noise
sensitive residential uses are located east of the Project site across Cherry Avenue. The site is
occupied by an existing tenant and is currently active. The site is occupied by a trucking company
that provides support distribution needs for their shipping partners.
1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The proposed Project will redevelop the existing 11.28-acre property with a single 275,560
square foot (sf) warehouse building (269,560 sf of warehousing space and 6,000 sf of office space,
with mezzanine space included) as shown on Exhibit 1-B.
To present the potential worst-case conditions, the Project is assumed to be operational 24 hours
per day, seven days per week. It is expected that the Project business operations would primarily
be conducted within the enclosed buildings, except for traffic movement, parking, as well as
loading and unloading of trucks at designated loading bays. At the time this noise analysis was
prepared, the future tenants of the proposed Project were unknown. The on-site Project-related
noise sources are expected to include: loading dock activity, roof-top air conditioning units, trash
enclosure activity, parking lot vehicle movements, and truck movements.
Per the Almond & Valley Distribution Center Trip Generation Assessment prepared by Urban
Crossroads, Inc., the Project is expected to generate a total of approximately 592 vehicular trips
per day, which includes 130 truck trips per day (2).
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EXHIBIT 1-A: LOCATION MAP
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EXHIBIT 1-B: SITE PLAN
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2 FUNDAMENTALS
Noise is simply defined as "unwanted sound." Sound becomes unwanted when it interferes with
normal activities, when it causes actual physical harm or when it has adverse effects on health.
Noise is measured on a logarithmic scale of sound pressure level known as a decibel (dB). A-
weighted decibels (dBA) approximate the subjective response of the human ear to broad
frequency noise source by discriminating against very low and very high frequencies of the
audible spectrum. They are adjusted to reflect only those frequencies which are audible to the
human ear. Exhibit 2-A presents a summary of the typical noise levels and their subjective
loudness and effects that are described in more detail below.
EXHIBIT 2-A: TYPICAL NOISE LEVELS
Source: Environmental Protection Agency Office of Noise Abatement and Control, Information on Levels of Environmental Noise
Requisite to Protect Public Health and Welfare with an Adequate Margin of Safety (EPA/ONAC 550/9-74-004) March 1974.
2.1 RANGE OF NOISE
Since the range of intensities that the human ear can detect is so large, the scale frequently used
to measure intensity is a scale based on multiples of 10, the logarithmic scale. The scale for
measuring intensity is the decibel scale. Each interval of 10 decibels indicates a sound energy ten
times greater than before, which is perceived by the human ear as being roughly twice as loud.
(3) The most common sounds vary between 40 dBA (very quiet) to 100 dBA (very loud). Normal
conversation at three feet is roughly at 60 dBA, while loud jet engine noises equate to 110 dBA
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at approximately 1,000 feet, which can cause serious discomfort. (4) Another important aspect
of noise is the duration of the sound and the way it is described and distributed in time.
2.2 NOISE DESCRIPTORS
Environmental noise descriptors are generally based on averages, rather than instantaneous,
noise levels. The most used metric is the equivalent level (Leq). Equivalent sound levels are not
measured directly but are calculated from sound pressure levels typically measured in A-
weighted decibels (dBA). The equivalent sound level (Leq) represents a steady state sound level
containing the same total energy as a time varying signal over a given sample period and is
commonly used to describe the “average” noise levels within the environment.
Peak hour or average noise levels, while useful, do not completely describe a given noise
environment. Noise levels lower than peak hour may be disturbing if they occur during times
when quiet is most desirable, namely evening and nighttime (sleeping) hours. To account for
this, the Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL), representing a composite 24-hour noise level
is utilized. The CNEL is the weighted average of the intensity of a sound, with corrections for time
of day, and averaged over 24 hours. The time-of-day corrections require the addition of 5
decibels to dBA Leq sound levels in the evening from 7:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m., and the addition of
10 decibels to dBA Leq sound levels at night between 10:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m. These additions
are made to account for the noise sensitive time periods during the evening and night hours
when noise can become more intrusive. CNEL does not represent the actual sound level heard
at any time, but rather represents the total sound exposure. The City of Fontana relies on the
24-hour CNEL level to assess land use compatibility with transportation related noise sources.
2.3 SOUND PROPAGATION
When sound propagates over a distance, it changes in level and frequency content. The way noise
reduces with distance depends on the following factors.
2.3.1 GEOMETRIC SPREADING
Sound from a localized source (i.e., a stationary point source) propagates uniformly outward in a
spherical pattern. The sound level attenuates (or decreases) at a rate of 6 dB for each doubling
of distance from a point source. Highways consist of several localized noise sources on a defined
path and hence can be treated as a line source, which approximates the effect of several point
sources. Noise from a line source propagates outward in a cylindrical pattern, often referred to
as cylindrical spreading. Sound levels attenuate at a rate of 3 dB for each doubling of distance
from a line source. (3)
2.3.2 GROUND ABSORPTION
The propagation path of noise from a highway to a receiver is usually very close to the ground.
Noise attenuation from ground absorption and reflective wave canceling adds to the attenuation
associated with geometric spreading. Traditionally, the excess attenuation has also been
expressed in terms of attenuation per doubling of distance. This approximation is usually
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sufficiently accurate for distances of less than 200 ft. For acoustically hard sites (i.e., sites with a
reflective surface between the source and the receiver, such as a parking lot or body of water),
no excess ground attenuation is assumed. For acoustically absorptive or soft sites (i.e., those
sites with an absorptive ground surface between the source and the receiver such as soft dirt,
grass, or scattered bushes and trees), an excess ground attenuation value of 1.5 dB per doubling
of distance is normally assumed. When added to the cylindrical spreading, the excess ground
attenuation results in an overall drop-off rate of 4.5 dB per doubling of distance from a line
source. (5)
2.3.3 ATMOSPHERIC EFFECTS
Receivers located downwind from a source can be exposed to increased noise levels relative to
calm conditions, whereas locations upwind can have lowered noise levels. Sound levels can be
increased at large distances (e.g., more than 500 feet) due to atmospheric temperature inversion
(i.e., increasing temperature with elevation). Other factors such as air temperature, humidity,
and turbulence can also have significant effects. (3)
2.3.4 SHIELDING
A large object or barrier in the path between a noise source and a receiver can substantially
attenuate noise levels at the receiver. The amount of attenuation provided by shielding depends
on the size of the object and the frequency content of the noise source. Shielding by trees and
other such vegetation typically only has an “out of sight, out of mind” effect. That is, the
perception of noise impact tends to decrease when vegetation blocks the line-of-sight to nearby
residents. However, for vegetation to provide a substantial, or even noticeable, noise reduction,
the vegetation area must be at least 15 feet in height, 100 feet wide and dense enough to
completely obstruct the line-of-sight between the source and the receiver. This size of vegetation
may provide up to 5 dBA of noise reduction. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) does
not consider the planting of vegetation to be a noise abatement measure. (6)
2.4 NOISE CONTROL
Noise control is the process of obtaining an acceptable noise environment for an observation
point or receiver by controlling the noise source, transmission path, receiver, or all three. This
concept is known as the source-path-receiver concept. In general, noise control measures can
be applied to these three elements.
2.5 NOISE BARRIER ATTENUATION
Effective noise barriers can reduce noise levels by 10 to 15 dBA, cutting the loudness of traffic
noise in half. A noise barrier is most effective when placed close to the noise source or receiver.
Noise barriers, however, do have limitations. For a noise barrier to work, it must block the line-
of-sight path of sound from the noise source.
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2.6 LAND USE COMPATIBILITY WITH NOISE
Some land uses are more tolerant of noise than others. For example, schools, hospitals,
churches, and residences are more sensitive to noise intrusion than are commercial or industrial
developments and related activities. As ambient noise levels affect the perceived amenity or
livability of a development, so too can the mismanagement of noise impacts impair the economic
health and growth potential of a community by reducing the area’s desirability as a place to live,
shop and work. For this reason, land use compatibility with the noise environment is an
important consideration in the planning and design process. The FHWA encourages State and
Local government to regulate land development in such a way that noise-sensitive land uses are
either prohibited from being located adjacent to a highway, or that the developments are
planned, designed, and constructed in such a way that noise impacts are minimized. (7)
2.7 COMMUNITY RESPONSE TO NOISE
Approximately sixteen percent of the population has a very low tolerance for noise and will object
to any noise not of their making. Consequently, even in the quietest environment, some
complaints may occur. Twenty to thirty percent of the population will not complain even in very
severe noise environments. (8 pp. 8-6) Thus, a variety of reactions can be expected from people
exposed to any given noise environment.
Surveys have shown that community response to noise varies from no reaction to vigorous action
for newly introduced noises averaging from 10 dB below existing to 25 dB above existing. (9)
According to research originally published in the Noise Effects Handbook (8), the percentage of
high annoyance ranges from approximately 0 percent at 45 dB or less, 10 percent are highly
annoyed around 60 dB, and increases rapidly to approximately 70 percent being highly annoyed
at approximately 85 dB or greater. Despite this variability in behavior on an individual level, the
population can be expected to exhibit the following responses to changes in noise levels as shown
on Exhibit 2-B. A change of 3 dBA is considered barely perceptible, and changes of 5 dBA are
considered readily perceptible. (5)
EXHIBIT 2-B: NOISE LEVEL INCREASE PERCEPTION
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Just Perceptible
Barely Perceptible
Readily Perceptible
Twice as Loud
Noise Level Increase (dBA)
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2.8 VIBRATION
Per the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) Transit Noise Impact and Vibration Impact
Assessment Manual (9) , vibration is the periodic oscillation of a medium or object. The rumbling
sound caused by the vibration of room surfaces is called structure-borne noise. Sources of
ground-borne vibrations include natural phenomena (e.g., earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, sea
waves, landslides) or human-made causes (e.g., explosions, machinery, traffic, trains,
construction equipment). Vibration sources may be continuous, such as factory machinery, or
transient, such as explosions. As is the case with airborne sound, ground-borne vibrations may
be described by amplitude and frequency.
There are several different methods that are used to quantify vibration. The peak particle
velocity (PPV) is defined as the maximum instantaneous peak of the vibration signal. The PPV is
most frequently used to describe vibration impacts to buildings but is not always suitable for
evaluating human response (annoyance) because it takes some time for the human body to
respond to vibration signals. Instead, the human body responds to average vibration amplitude
often described as the root mean square (RMS). The RMS amplitude is defined as the average of
the squared amplitude of the signal and is most frequently used to describe the effect of vibration
on the human body. Decibel notation (VdB) is commonly used to measure RMS. Decibel notation
(VdB) serves to reduce the range of numbers used to describe human response to vibration.
Typically, ground-borne vibration generated by man-made activities attenuates rapidly with
distance from the source of the vibration. Sensitive receivers for vibration include structures
(especially older masonry structures), people (especially residents, the elderly, and sick), and
vibration-sensitive equipment and/or activities.
The background vibration-velocity level in residential areas is generally 50 VdB. Ground-borne
vibration is normally perceptible to humans at approximately 65 VdB. For most people, a
vibration-velocity level of 75 VdB is the approximate dividing line between barely perceptible and
distinctly perceptible levels. Typical outdoor sources of perceptible ground-borne vibration are
construction equipment, steel-wheeled trains, and traffic on rough roads. If a roadway is smooth,
the ground-borne vibration is rarely perceptible. The range of interest is from approximately 50
VdB, which is the typical background vibration-velocity level, to 100 VdB, which is the general
threshold where minor damage can occur in fragile buildings. Exhibit 2-C illustrates common
vibration sources and the human and structural response to ground-borne vibration.
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EXHIBIT 2-C: TYPICAL LEVELS OF GROUND-BORNE VIBRATION
Source: Federal Transit Administration (FTA) Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment Manual.
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3 REGULATORY SETTING
To limit population exposure to physically and/or psychologically damaging as well as intrusive
noise levels, the federal government, the State of California, various county governments, and
most municipalities in the state have established standards and ordinances to control noise. In
most areas, automobile and truck traffic is the major source of environmental noise. Traffic
activity generally produces an average sound level that remains constant with time. Air and rail
traffic, and commercial and industrial activities are also major sources of noise in some areas.
Federal, state, and local agencies regulate different aspects of environmental noise. Federal and
state agencies generally set noise standards for mobile sources such as aircraft and motor
vehicles, while regulation of stationary sources is left to local agencies.
3.1 STATE OF CALIFORNIA NOISE REQUIREMENTS
The State of California regulates freeway noise, sets standards for sound transmission, provides
occupational noise control criteria, identifies noise standards, and provides guidance for local
land use compatibility. State law requires that each county and city adopt a General Plan that
includes a Noise Element which is to be prepared per guidelines adopted by the Governor’s Office
of Planning and Research (OPR). (10) The purpose of the Noise Element is to limit the exposure
of the community to excessive noise levels. In addition, the California Environmental Quality Act
(CEQA) requires that all known environmental effects of a project be analyzed, including
environmental noise impacts.
3.2 CITY OF FONTANA GENERAL PLAN NOISE ELEMENT
The City of Fontana General Plan was updated on November 13, 2018. (11) To protect residents
from the negative effect of “spillover” noise (Goal #10), the City of Fontana has identified the
following policies in the General Plan Noise and Safety Element:
Policy
Residential land uses and areas identified as noise-sensitive shall be protected from excessive noise from
non-transportation sources including industrial, commercial, and residential activities and equipment.
Actions
A. Projects located in commercial areas shall not exceed stationary- source noise standards
at the property line of proximate residential or commercial uses.
B. Industrial uses shall not exceed commercial or residential stationary source noise
standards at the most proximate land uses.
C. Non-transportation noise shall be considered in land use planning decisions.
D. Construction shall be performed as quietly as feasible when performed in proximity to
residential or other noise sensitive land uses.
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The City of Fontana has adopted a Noise and Safety Element of the General Plan to protect
existing and planned land uses from excessive noise. The Noise Element typically provides the
standards for land use compatibility for community noise exposure. However, the City of Fontana
General Plan does not include specific transportation-related noise land use compatibility
guidelines. While the General Plan outlines the primary noise source activities, it does not
identify criteria to assess the impacts associated with transportation-related noise impacts.
Therefore, for this analysis, the transportation noise criteria are derived from standards
contained in the California Office of Planning and Research (OPR) General Plan Guidelines. (10)
The OPR land use noise compatibility criteria used by many California cities and counties specify
the maximum noise levels allowable for new developments impacted by transportation noise
sources. The OPR General Plan Guidelines land use noise compatibility criteria are found in Figure
2 of the General Plan Guidelines, Appendix D: Noise Element Guidelines as shown on Exhibit 3-A.
EXHIBIT 3-A: LAND USE NOISE COMPATIBILITY CRITERIA
Source: OPR General Plan Guidelines, Appendix D: Noise Element Guidelines, Figure 2.
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The Land Use Noise Compatibility Criteria describes categories of compatibility and not specific
noise standards. As shown on Exhibit 3-A, non-noise sensitive land use is generally considered
as normally acceptable with unmitigated exterior noise levels of less than 70 dBA CNEL based.
3.3 OPERATIONAL NOISE STANDARDS
To analyze noise impacts originating from a designated fixed location or private property such as
the Almond & Valley Distribution Center Project, stationary-source (operational) noise such as
the expected loading dock activity, roof-top air conditioning units, trash enclosure activity,
parking lot vehicle movements, and truck movements are typically evaluated against standards
established under a jurisdiction’s municipal code.
The City of Fontana noise control guidelines for determining and mitigating non-transportation
or stationary noise source impacts from operations in neighboring residential areas are found in
the Zoning and Development Code [Section 30-543], provided in Appendix 3.1. For industrial
zoning districts, Section 30-543 indicates that no person shall create or cause to be created any
sound which exceeds the noise levels in this section as measured at the property line of any
residentially zoned property. The performance standards found in Section 30-543 limit the
exterior noise level to 70 dBA Leq during the daytime hours, and 65 dBA Leq during the nighttime
hours at sensitive receiver locations as shown on Table 3-1. (12)
TABLE 3-1: OPERATIONAL NOISE STANDARDS
Jurisdiction Land use
Noise Level Standards (dBA Leq)2
Daytime Nighttime
City of Fontana1 Residential 70 65
1 Section 30-543 of the City of Fontana Development Code (Appendix 3.1).
2 Leq represents a steady state sound level containing the same total energy as a time varying signal over a given sample period.
"Daytime" = 7:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.; "Nighttime" = 10:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m.
3.4 CONSTRUCTION NOISE STANDARDS
The City of Fontana has set restrictions to control noise impacts associated with the construction
of the proposed Project. According to Section 18-63[b][7] of the City’s Municipal Code,
Construction or repairing of buildings or structures, construction activity is limited: between the
hours of 7:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. on weekdays and between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m.
on Saturdays except in the case of urgent necessity. (13) Project construction noise levels are,
therefore, considered exempt from municipal regulation if activities occur within the hours
specified in the City of Fontana Municipal Code, Section 18-63[7] of 7:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. on
weekdays and between the hours of 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. on Saturdays. However, neither the
General Plan nor the Municipal Code establish numeric maximum acceptable construction source
noise levels at potentially affected receivers for CEQA analysis purposes. Therefore, a numerical
construction threshold based on Federal Transit Administration (FTA) Transit Noise and Vibration
Impact Assessment Manual is used for analysis of daytime construction impacts, as discussed
below.
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According to the FTA, local noise ordinances are typically not very useful in evaluating
construction noise. They usually relate to nuisance and hours of allowed activity, and sometimes
specify limits in terms of maximum levels, but are generally not practical for assessing the impact
of a construction project. Project construction noise criteria should account for the existing noise
environment, the absolute noise levels during construction activities, the duration of the
construction, and the adjacent land use. Due to the lack of standardized construction noise
thresholds, the FTA provides guidelines that can be considered reasonable criteria for
construction noise assessment. The FTA considers a daytime exterior construction noise level of
80 dBA Leq as a reasonable threshold for noise sensitive residential land use with a nighttime
exterior construction noise level of 70 dBA Leq (9 p. 179).
3.5 CONSTRUCTION VIBRATION STANDARDS
Construction activity can result in varying degrees of ground-borne vibration, depending on the
equipment and methods used, distance to the affected structures and soil type. Construction
vibration is generally associated with pile driving and rock blasting. Other construction
equipment such as air compressors, light trucks, hydraulic loaders, etc., generates little or no
ground vibration (9). To analyze vibration impacts originating from the operation and
construction of the Almond & Valley Distribution Center, vibration-generating activities are
appropriately evaluated against standards established under the Municipal Code, if such
standards exist. However, the City of Fontana does not identify specific construction vibration
level limits. Therefore, for analysis purposes, the Caltrans Transportation and Construction
Vibration Guidance Manual, (14 p. 38) Table 19, vibration damage are used in this noise study to
assess potential temporary construction-related impacts at adjacent building locations. The
nearest noise sensitive buildings adjacent to the Project site can best be described as “older
residential structures” with a maximum acceptable continuous vibration threshold of 0.3 PPV
(in/sec).
3.6 AIRPORT LAND USE COMPATIBILITY
The Project site is located roughly 5 miles northeast of the Ontario International Airport (ONT).
This places the Project site within the ONT Airport Influence Area according to Policy Map 2-1 of
the Ontario International Airport Land Use Compatibility Plan (ONT ALUCP). The ONT ALUCP was
amended July 2018 to promote compatibility between airport and the land uses that surround it
(15). Since the Project site is located within the ONT Airport Influence Area, the Project is subject
to the Noise Criteria established on Table 2-3 in the ONT ALUCP. As shown on Exhibit 3-B, the
Project site is located within the ONT Airport Influence Area but outside the 60 dBA CNEL airport
noise impact zone consistent with Policy Map 2-3. According to Table 2-3 of the ONT ALUCP, the
Almond & Valley Distribution Center land uses located outside the 60 dBA CNEL, are considered
normally compatible land use. For normally compatible land use, either the activities associated
with the land use are inherently noisy or standard construction methods will sufficiently
attenuate exterior noise to an acceptable indoor community noise equivalent level (CNEL).
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EXHIBIT 3-B: LA/ONT FUTURE AIRPORT NOISE CONTOURS
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4 SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA
The following significance criteria are based on currently adopted guidance provided by Appendix
G of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines. (1) For the purposes of this
report, impacts would be potentially significant if the Project results in or causes:
A. Generation of a substantial temporary or permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the
vicinity of the project in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise
ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies?
B. Generation of excessive ground-borne vibration or ground-borne noise levels?
C. For a project located within the vicinity of a private airstrip or an airport land use plan or, where
such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would
the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels?
4.1 NOISE LEVEL INCREASES (THRESHOLD A)
Noise level increases resulting from the Project are evaluated based on the Appendix G CEQA
Guidelines described above at the closest sensitive receiver locations. Under CEQA,
consideration must be given to the magnitude of the increase, the existing baseline ambient
noise levels, and the location of noise-sensitive receivers to determine if a noise increase
represents a significant adverse environmental impact. This approach recognizes that there is no
single noise increase that renders a noise impact significant. (17) This is primarily because of the
wide variation in individual thresholds of annoyance and differing individual experiences with
noise. Thus, an important way of determining a person’s subjective reaction to a new noise is
the comparison of it to the existing environment to which one has adapted—the so-called
ambient environment. In general, the more a new noise level exceeds the previously existing
ambient noise level, the less acceptable the new noise level will typically be judged.
The Federal Interagency Committee on Noise (FICON) (18) developed guidance to be used for the
assessment of project-generated increases in noise levels that consider the ambient noise level.
The FICON recommendations are based on studies that relate aircraft noise levels to the
percentage of persons highly annoyed by aircraft noise. Although the FICON recommendations
were specifically developed to assess aircraft noise impacts, these recommendations are often
used in environmental noise impact assessments involving the use of cumulative noise exposure
metrics, such as the average-daily noise level (CNEL) and equivalent continuous noise level (Leq).
As previously stated, the approach used in this noise study recognizes that there is no single noise
increase that renders a noise impact significant, based on a 2008 California Court of Appeal ruling
on Gray v. County of Madera. (17) For example, if the ambient noise environment is quiet (<60
dBA) and the new noise source greatly increases the noise levels, an impact may occur if the noise
criteria may be exceeded. Therefore, for this analysis, a readily perceptible 5 dBA or greater
project-related noise level increase is considered a significant impact when the without project
noise levels are below 60 dBA. Per the FICON, in areas where the without project noise levels
range from 60 to 65 dBA, a 3 dBA barely perceptible noise level increase appears to be
appropriate for most people. When the without project noise levels already exceed 65 dBA, any
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increase in community noise louder than 1.5 dBA or greater is considered a significant impact if
the noise criteria for a given land use is exceeded, since it likely contributes to an existing noise
exposure exceedance. The FICON guidance provides an established source of criteria to assess
the impacts of substantial temporary or permanent increase in baseline ambient noise levels.
Based on the FICON criteria, the amount to which a given noise level increase is considered
acceptable is reduced when the without Project (baseline) noise levels are already shown to
exceed certain land-use specific exterior noise level criteria. The specific levels are based on
typical responses to noise level increases of 5 dBA or readily perceptible, 3 dBA or barely
perceptible, and 1.5 dBA depending on the underlying without Project noise levels for noise-
sensitive uses. These levels of increases and their perceived acceptance at noise sensitive
receiver locations are consistent with guidance provided by both the Federal Highway
Administration (5 p. 9) and Caltrans (19 p. 2_48).
4.2 VIBRATION (THRESHOLD B)
As described in Section 3.5, the vibration impacts originating from the construction of Almond &
Valley Distribution Center, vibration-generating activities are appropriately evaluated using the
Caltrans vibration damage thresholds to assess potential temporary construction-related impacts
at adjacent building locations. The nearest noise sensitive buildings adjacent to the Project site
can best be described as “older residential structures” with a maximum acceptable continuous
vibration threshold of 0.3 PPV (in/sec).
4.3 CEQA GUIDELINES NOT FURTHER ANALYZED (THRESHOLD C)
CEQA Noise Threshold C applies when there are nearby public and private airports and/or air
strips and focuses on land use compatibility of the Project to nearby airports and airstrips. The
Project site is not located within two miles of an airport or airstrip. The closest airport is the
Ontario International Airport located roughly 5 miles southwest of the Project site. As such, the
Project site would not be exposed to excessive noise levels from airport operations, and
therefore, impacts are considered less than significant, and no further noise analysis is conducted
in relation to Appendix G to the CEQA Guidelines, Noise Threshold C.
4.4 SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA SUMMARY
Noise impacts shall be considered significant if any of the following occur as a direct result of the
proposed Project. Table 4-1 shows the significance criteria summary matrix that includes the
allowable criteria used to identify potentially significant incremental noise level increases.
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TABLE 4-1: SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA SUMMARY
Analysis Receiving
Land Use Condition(s) Significance Criteria
Daytime Nighttime
Operational Noise-
Sensitive
At residential land use1 70 dBA Leq 65 dBA Leq
If ambient is < 60 dBA Leq2 ≥ 5 dBA Leq Project increase
If ambient is 60 - 65 dBA Leq2 ≥ 3 dBA Leq Project increase
If ambient is > 65 dBA Leq2 ≥ 1.5 dBA Leq Project increase
Construction Noise-
Sensitive
Exempt from the exterior noise level standards between the hours 7:00 a.m.
to 6:00 p.m. on weekdays and between the hours of 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
on Saturdays3
Noise Level Threshold4 80 dBA Leq 70 dBA Leq
Vibration Level Threshold5 0.3 PPV (in/sec)
1 Based on Section 30-543 of the City of Fontana Municipal Code.
2 FICON, 1992.
3 Based on Sections 18-63[7] of the City of Fontana Municipal Code.
4 Federal Transit Administration, Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment Manual.
5 Caltrans Transportation and Construction Vibration Guidance Manual, April 2020, Table 19.
"Daytime" = 7:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.; "Nighttime" = 10:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m.
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5 EXISTING NOISE LEVEL MEASUREMENTS
To assess the existing noise level environment, 24-hour noise level measurements were taken at
four locations in the Project study area. The receiver locations were selected to describe and
document the existing noise environment within the Project study area. Exhibit 5-A provides the
boundaries of the Project study area and the noise level measurement locations. To fully
describe the existing noise conditions, noise level measurements were collected by Urban
Crossroads, Inc. on Thursday, March 9, 2023. Appendix 5.1 includes study area photos.
5.1 MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE AND CRITERIA
To describe the existing noise environment, the hourly noise levels were measured during typical
weekday conditions over a 24-hour period. By collecting individual hourly noise level
measurements, it is possible to describe the equivalent daytime and nighttime hourly noise
levels. The long-term noise readings were recorded using Piccolo Type 2 integrating sound level
meter and dataloggers. The Piccolo sound level meters were calibrated using a Larson-Davis
calibrator, Model CAL 150. All noise meters were programmed in "slow" mode to record noise
levels in "A" weighted form. The sound level meters and microphones were equipped with a
windscreen during all measurements. All noise level measurement equipment satisfies the
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard specifications for sound level meters ANSI
S1.4-2014/IEC 61672-1:2013. (20)
5.2 NOISE MEASUREMENT LOCATIONS
The long-term noise level measurements were positioned as close to the nearest sensitive
receiver locations as possible to assess the existing ambient hourly noise levels surrounding the
Project site. Both Caltrans and the FTA recognize that it is not reasonable to collect noise level
measurements that can fully represent every part of a private yard, patio, deck, or balcony
normally used for human activity when estimating impacts for new development projects. This
is demonstrated in the Caltrans general site location guidelines which indicate that, sites must be
free of noise contamination by sources other than sources of interest. Avoid sites located near
sources such as barking dogs, lawnmowers, pool pumps, and air conditioners unless it is the
express intent of the analyst to measure these sources. (3) Further, FTA guidance states, that it is
not necessary nor recommended that existing noise exposure be determined by measuring at
every noise-sensitive location in the project area. Rather, the recommended approach is to
characterize the noise environment for clusters of sites based on measurements or estimates at
representative locations in the community. (9)
Based on recommendations of Caltrans and the FTA, it is not necessary to collect measurements
at each individual building or residence, because each receiver measurement represents a group
of buildings that share acoustical equivalence. (9) In other words, the area represented by the
receiver shares similar shielding, terrain, and geometric relationship to the reference noise
source. Receivers represent a location of noise sensitive areas and are used to estimate the
future noise level impacts. Collecting reference ambient noise level measurements at the nearby
sensitive receiver locations allows for a comparison of the before and after Project noise levels
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and is necessary to assess potential noise impacts due to the Project’s contribution to the
ambient noise levels.
5.3 NOISE MEASUREMENT RESULTS
The noise measurements presented below focus on the equivalent or the energy average hourly
sound levels (Leq). The equivalent sound level (Leq) represents a steady state sound level
containing the same total energy as a time varying signal over a given sample period. Table 5-1
identifies the hourly daytime (7:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.) and nighttime (10:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m.)
noise levels at each noise level measurement location.
TABLE 5-1: AMBIENT NOISE LEVEL MEASUREMENTS
Location1 Description
Energy Average
Noise Level
(dBA Leq)2 CNEL
Daytime Nighttime
L1 Located East of the Project site near the residence
at 9793 Redwood Avenue. 66.3 61.2 68.9
L2 Located East of the Project site near the residence
at 14512 El Molino Street. 67.1 65.2 72.2
L3 Located East of the Project site near the residence
at 9933 Cherry Avenue. 73.0 70.7 77.8
L4 Located South of the Project site near the
residence at 10146 Almond Avenue. 66.2 62.0 69.6
1 See Exhibit 5-A for the noise level measurement locations.
2 Energy (logarithmic) average levels. The long-term 24-hour measurement worksheets are included in Appendix 5.2.
"Daytime" = 7:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.; "Nighttime" = 10:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m.
Table 5-1 provides the equivalent noise levels used to describe the daytime and nighttime
ambient conditions. These daytime and nighttime energy average noise levels represent the
average of all hourly noise levels observed during these time periods expressed as a single
number. Appendix 5.2 provides summary worksheets of the noise levels for each hour as well as
the minimum, maximum, L1, L2, L5, L8, L25, L50, L90, L95, and L99 percentile noise levels observed
during the daytime and nighttime periods.
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EXHIBIT 5-A: NOISE MEASUREMENT LOCATIONS
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6 RECEIVER LOCATIONS
To assess the potential for long-term operational and short-term construction noise impacts, the
following sensitive receiver locations, as shown on Exhibit 6-A, were identified as representative
locations for analysis. Sensitive receivers are generally defined as locations where people reside
or where the presence of unwanted sound could otherwise adversely affect the use of the land.
Noise-sensitive land uses are generally considered to include schools, hospitals, single-family
dwellings, mobile home parks, churches, libraries, and recreation areas. Moderately noise-
sensitive land uses typically include multi-family dwellings, hotels, motels, dormitories, out-
patient clinics, cemeteries, golf courses, country clubs, athletic/tennis clubs, and equestrian
clubs. Land uses that are considered relatively insensitive to noise include business, commercial,
and professional developments. Land uses that are typically not affected by noise include:
industrial, manufacturing, utilities, agriculture, undeveloped land, parking lots, warehousing,
liquid and solid waste facilities, salvage yards, and transit terminals.
To describe the potential off-site Project noise levels, four receiver locations in the vicinity of the
Project site were identified. The selection of receiver locations is based on FHWA guidelines and
is consistent with additional guidance provided by Caltrans and the FTA, as previously described
in Section 5.2. Other sensitive land uses in the Project study area that are located at greater
distances than those identified in this noise study will experience lower noise levels than those
presented in this report due to the additional attenuation from distance and the shielding of
intervening structures. Distance is measured in a straight line from the project boundary to each
receiver location.
R1: Location R1 represents existing noise sensitive residence at 9793 Redwood Avenue,
approximately 1,941 feet east of the Project site. Receiver R1 is placed in the private
outdoor living area (backyard) facing the Project site. A 24-hour noise measurement was
taken near this location, L1, to describe the existing ambient noise environment.
R2: Location R2 represents existing noise sensitive residence at 14512 El Molino Street,
approximately 738 feet southwest of the Project site. Receiver R2 is placed in the private
outdoor living area (backyard) facing the Project site. A 24-hour noise measurement was
taken near this location, L2, to describe the existing ambient noise environment.
R3: Location R3 represents existing noise sensitive residence at 9933 Cherry Avenue,
approximately 604 feet southeast of the Project site. Since there are no private outdoor
living areas facing the Project site, receiver R3 is placed at the building façade. A 24-hour
noise measurement was taken near this location, L3, to describe the existing ambient
noise environment.
R4: Location R4 represents existing noise sensitive residence at 10146 Almond Avenue,
approximately 1,585 feet southeast of the Project site. Since there are no private outdoor
living areas facing the Project site, receiver R4 is placed at the building façade. A 24-hour
noise measurement was taken near this location, L4, to describe the existing ambient
noise environment.
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EXHIBIT 6-A: RECEIVER LOCATIONS
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7 OPERATIONAL NOISE ANALYSIS
This section analyzes the potential stationary-source operational noise impacts at the nearest
receiver locations, identified in Section 6, resulting from the operation of the proposed Almond
& Valley Distribution Center Project. Exhibit 7-A identifies the noise source locations used to
assess the operational noise levels. The operational noise analysis includes the planned 14-foot-
high screen walls surrounding the loading dock area. The screenwall shown on Exhibit 9-A is
designed for screening, privacy, noise control, and security.
7.1 OPERATIONAL NOISE SOURCES
This operational noise analysis is intended to describe noise level impacts associated with the
expected typical of daytime and nighttime activities at the Project site. Consistent with similar
warehouse uses, the Project business operations would primarily be conducted within the
enclosed building, except for traffic movement, parking, as well as loading and unloading of
trucks at designated loading bays. The on-site Project-related noise sources are expected to
include: loading dock activity, roof-top air conditioning units, trash enclosure activity, parking lot
vehicle movements, and truck movements.
7.2 REFERENCE NOISE LEVELS
To estimate the Project operational noise impacts, reference noise level measurements were
collected from similar types of activities to represent the noise levels expected with the
development of the proposed Project. This section provides a detailed description of the
reference noise level measurements shown on Table 7-1 used to estimate the Project operational
noise impacts. It is important to note that the following projected noise levels assume the worst-
case noise environment with the loading dock activity, roof-top air conditioning units, trash
enclosure activity, parking lot vehicle movements, and truck movements all operating at the
same time. These sources of noise activity will likely vary throughout the day.
7.2.1 MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES
The reference noise level measurements presented in this section were collected using a Larson
Davis LxT Type 1 precision sound level meter (serial number 01146). The LxT sound level meter
was calibrated using a Larson-Davis calibrator, Model CAL 200, was programmed in "slow" mode
to record noise levels in "A" weighted form and was located at approximately five feet above the
ground elevation for each measurement. The sound level meters and microphones were
equipped with a windscreen during all measurements. All noise level measurement equipment
satisfies the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard specifications for sound level
meters ANSI S1.4-2014/IEC 61672-1:2013. (20)
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EXHIBIT 7-A: OPERATIONAL NOISE SOURCE LOCATIONS
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TABLE 7-1: REFERENCE NOISE LEVEL MEASUREMENTS
Noise Source1
Noise
Source
Height
(Feet)
Min./
Hour2 Reference
Noise Level
(dBA Leq)
@ 50 Feet
Sound
Power
Level
(dBA)3 Day Night
Loading Dock Activity 8' 60 60 65.7 111.5
Roof-Top Air Conditioning Units 5' 39 28 57.2 88.9
Trash Enclosure Activity 5' 60 30 57.3 89.0
Parking Lot Vehicle Movements 5' 60 60 52.6 81.1
Truck Movements 8' 60 60 59.8 93.2
1 As measured by Urban Crossroads, Inc.
2 Anticipated duration (minutes within the hour) of noise activity during typical hourly conditions expected at the Project
site. "Daytime" = 7:00 a.m. - 10:00 p.m.; "Nighttime" = 10:00 p.m. - 7:00 a.m.
3 Sound power level represents the total amount of acoustical energy (noise level) produced by a sound source
independent of distance or surroundings. Sound power levels calculated using the CadnaA noise model at the reference
distance to the noise source.
7.2.2 LOADING DOCK ACTIVITY
The reference loading dock activities are intended to describe the typical operational noise
activities associated with the Project. This includes truck idling, reefer activity (refrigerator
truck/cold storage), deliveries, backup alarms, unloading/loading, docking including a
combination of tractor trailer semi-trucks, two-axle delivery trucks, and background forklift
operations. Since the noise levels generated by cold storage loading dock activity can be slightly
higher due to the use of refrigerated trucks or reefers, this analysis conservatively assumes that
all loading dock activity is associated with cold storage facilities, even though only 20 percent
cold storage is anticipated (2).
The reference noise level measurement was taken in the center of the loading dock activity area
and represents multiple concurrent noise sources resulting in a combined noise level of 65.7 dBA
Leq at a uniform distance of 50 feet. Specifically, the reference noise level measurement
represents one truck located approximately 30 feet from the noise level meter with another truck
passing by to park roughly 20 feet away, both with their engines idling. Throughout the reference
noise level measurement, a separate docked and running reefer truck was located approximately
50 feet east of the measurement location. Additional background noise sources included truck
pass-by noise, truck drivers talking to each other next to docked trucks, and air brake release
noise when trucks parked.
7.2.3 ROOF-TOP AIR CONDITIONING UNITS
The noise level measurements describe a single mechanical roof-top air conditioning unit. The
reference noise level represents a Lennox SCA120 series 10-ton model packaged air conditioning
unit. At the uniform reference distance of 50 feet, the reference noise levels are 57.2 dBA Leq.
Based on the typical operating conditions observed over a four-day measurement period, the
roof-top air conditioning units are estimated to operate for and average 39 minutes per hour
during the daytime hours, and 28 minutes per hour during the nighttime hours. These operating
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conditions reflect peak summer cooling requirements with measured temperatures approaching
96 degrees Fahrenheit (°F) with average daytime temperatures of 82°F. For this noise analysis,
the air conditioning units are expected to be located on the roof of the Project buildings.
7.2.4 TRASH ENCLOSURE ACTIVITY
To describe the noise levels associated with a trash enclosure activity, Urban Crossroads collected
a reference noise level measurement at an existing trash enclosure containing two dumpster
bins. The trash enclosure noise levels describe metal gates opening and closing, metal scraping
against concrete floor sounds, dumpster movement on metal wheels, and trash dropping into
the metal dumpster. The reference noise levels describe trash enclosure noise activities when
trash is dropped into an empty metal dumpster, as would occur at the Project Site. The measured
reference noise level at the uniform 50-foot reference distance is 57.3 dBA Leq for the trash
enclosure activity. The reference noise level describes the expected noise source activities
associated with the trash enclosures for the Project’s proposed building.
7.2.5 PARKING LOT VEHICLE MOVEMENTS
To describe the on-site parking lot activity, a long-term 29-hour reference noise level
measurement was collected in the center of activity within the staff parking lot of an Amazon
warehouse distribution center. At 50 feet from the center of activity, the parking lot produced a
reference noise level of 52.6 dBA Leq. The parking lot noise levels are mainly due cars pulling in
and out of parking spaces in combination with car doors opening and closing.
7.2.6 TRUCK MOVEMENTS
The truck movements reference noise level measurement was collected over a period of 1 hour
and 28 minutes and represents multiple heavy trucks entering and exiting the outdoor loading
dock area producing a reference noise level of 59.8 dBA Leq at 50 feet. The noise sources included
at this measurement location account for trucks entering and existing the Project driveways and
maneuvering in and out of the outdoor loading dock activity area.
7.3 CADNAA NOISE PREDICTION MODEL
To fully describe the exterior operational noise levels from the Project, Urban Crossroads, Inc.
developed a noise prediction model using the CadnaA (Computer Aided Noise Abatement)
computer program. CadnaA can analyze multiple types of noise sources using the spatially
accurate Project site plan, georeferenced Nearmap aerial imagery, topography, buildings, and
barriers in its calculations to predict outdoor noise levels.
Using the ISO 9613-2 protocol, CadnaA will calculate the distance from each noise source to the
noise receiver locations, using the ground absorption, distance, and barrier/building attenuation
inputs to provide a summary of noise level at each receiver and the partial noise level
contributions by noise source. Consistent with the ISO 9613-2 protocol, the CadnaA noise
prediction model relies on the reference sound power level (Lw) to describe individual noise
sources. While sound pressure levels (e.g., Leq) quantify in decibels the intensity of given sound
sources at a reference distance, sound power levels (Lw) are connected to the sound source and
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are independent of distance. Sound pressure levels vary substantially with distance from the
source and diminish because of intervening obstacles and barriers, air absorption, wind, and
other factors. Sound power is the acoustical energy emitted by the sound source and is an
absolute value that is not affected by the environment.
The operational noise level calculations provided in this noise study account for the distance
attenuation provided due to geometric spreading, when sound from a localized stationary source
(i.e., a point source) propagates uniformly outward in a spherical pattern. A default ground
attenuation factor of 0.5 was used in the CadnaA noise analysis to account for mixed ground
representing a combination of hard and soft surfaces. Appendix 9.1 includes the detailed noise
model inputs including the planned 14-foot high screenwall used to estimate the Project
operational noise levels presented in this section.
7.4 PROJECT OPERATIONAL NOISE LEVELS
Using the reference noise levels to represent the proposed Project operations that include
loading dock activity, roof-top air conditioning units, trash enclosure activity, parking lot vehicle
movements, and truck movements, Urban Crossroads, Inc. calculated the operational source
noise levels that are expected to be generated at the Project site and the Project-related noise
level increases that would be experienced at each of the sensitive receiver locations. Table 7-2
shows the Project operational noise levels during the daytime hours of 7:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.
The daytime hourly noise levels at the off-site receiver locations are expected to range from 37.7
to 45.9 dBA Leq.
TABLE 7-2: DAYTIME PROJECT OPERATIONAL NOISE LEVELS
Noise Source1 Operational Noise Levels by Receiver Location (dBA Leq)
R1 R2 R3 R4
Loading Dock Activity 37.3 45.8 45.2 39.8
Roof-Top Air Conditioning Units 18.8 24.9 24.4 24.3
Trash Enclosure Activity 14.5 20.1 19.3 15.0
Parking Lot Vehicle Movements 25.0 22.2 26.1 19.9
Truck Movements 17.1 24.6 24.3 26.8
Total (All Noise Sources) 37.7 45.9 45.3 40.2
1 See Exhibit 7-A for the noise source locations. CadnaA noise model calculations are included in Appendix 7.1.
Tables 7-3 shows the Project operational noise levels during the nighttime hours of 10:00 p.m. to
7:00 a.m. The nighttime hourly noise levels at the off-site receiver locations are expected to
range from 37.6 to 45.9 dBA Leq. The differences between the daytime and nighttime noise levels
are largely related to the estimated duration of noise activity as outlined in Table 7-1 and
Appendix 7.1.
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TABLE 7-3: NIGHTTIME PROJECT OPERATIONAL NOISE LEVELS
Noise Source1 Operational Noise Levels by Receiver Location (dBA Leq)
R1 R2 R3 R4
Loading Dock Activity 37.3 45.8 45.2 39.8
Roof-Top Air Conditioning Units 16.4 22.5 22.0 21.9
Trash Enclosure Activity 10.5 16.1 15.3 11.0
Parking Lot Vehicle Movements 25.0 22.2 26.1 19.9
Truck Movements 17.1 24.6 24.3 26.8
Total (All Noise Sources) 37.6 45.9 45.3 40.1
1 See Exhibit 7-A for the noise source locations. CadnaA noise model calculations are included in Appendix 7.1.
7.5 PROJECT OPERATIONAL NOISE LEVEL COMPLIANCE
To demonstrate compliance with local noise regulations, the Project-only operational noise levels
are evaluated against exterior noise level thresholds based on the City of Fontana exterior noise
level standards at nearby noise-sensitive receiver locations. Table 7-4 shows the operational
noise levels associated with Almond & Valley Distribution Center Project will not exceed the City
of Fontana daytime and nighttime exterior noise level standards. Therefore, the operational
noise impacts are considered less than significant at the nearby noise-sensitive receiver locations.
TABLE 7-4: OPERATIONAL NOISE LEVEL COMPLIANCE
Receiver
Location1
Project Operational
Noise Levels
(dBA Leq)2
Noise Level Standards
(dBA Leq)3
Noise Level Standards
Exceeded?4
Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime
R1 37.7 37.6 70 65 No No
R2 45.9 45.9 70 65 No No
R3 45.3 45.3 70 65 No No
R4 40.2 40.1 70 65 No No
1 See Exhibit 6-A for the receiver locations.
2 Proposed Project operational noise levels as shown on Tables 7-2 and 7-3.
3 Exterior noise level standards, as shown on Table 4-1.
4 Do the estimated Project operational noise source activities exceed the noise level standards?
5 Receiver locations do not include any noise sensitive nighttime use.
"Daytime" = 7:00 a.m. - 10:00 p.m.; "Nighttime" = 10:00 p.m. - 7:00 a.m.
7.6 PROJECT OPERATIONAL NOISE LEVEL INCREASES
To describe the Project operational noise level increases, the Project operational noise levels are
combined with the existing ambient noise levels measurements for the nearby receiver locations
potentially impacted by Project operational noise sources. Since the units used to measure noise,
decibels (dB), are logarithmic units, the Project-operational and existing ambient noise levels
cannot be combined using standard arithmetic equations. (3) Instead, they must be
logarithmically added using the following base equation:
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SPLTotal = 10log10[10SPL1/10 + 10SPL2/10 + … 10SPLn/10]
Where “SPL1,” “SPL2,” etc. are equal to the sound pressure levels being combined, or in this case,
the Project-operational and existing ambient noise levels. The difference between the combined
Project and ambient noise levels describes the Project noise level increases to the existing
ambient noise environment. Noise levels that would be experienced at receiver locations when
Project-source noise is added to the daytime and nighttime ambient conditions are presented on
Tables 7-5 and 7-6, respectively. As indicated on Tables 7-5 and 7-6, the Project will generate an
operational noise level increase ranging from 0.0 to 0.1 dBA Leq at the nearest receiver locations.
Project-related operational noise level increases will not exceed the operational noise level
increase significance criteria presented in Table 4-1, and, therefore, the increases at the sensitive
receiver locations will be less than significant.
TABLE 7-5: DAYTIME PROJECT OPERATIONAL NOISE LEVEL INCREASES
Receiver
Location1
Total
Project
Operational
Noise Level2
Measurement
Location3
Reference
Ambient
Noise
Levels4
Combined
Project
and
Ambient5
Project
Increase6
Increase
Criteria7
Increase
Criteria
Exceeded?
R1 37.7 L1 66.3 66.3 0.0 1.5 No
R2 45.9 L2 67.1 67.1 0.0 1.5 No
R3 45.3 L3 73.0 73.0 0.0 1.5 No
R4 40.2 L4 66.2 66.2 0.0 1.5 No
1 See Exhibit 6-A for the receiver locations.
2 Total Project daytime operational noise levels as shown on Table 7-2.
3 Reference noise level measurement locations as shown on Exhibit 5-A.
4 Observed daytime ambient noise levels as shown on Table 5-1.
5 Represents the combined ambient conditions plus the Project activities.
6 The noise level increase expected with the addition of the proposed Project activities.
7 Significance increase criteria as shown on Table 4-1.
TABLE 7-6: NIGHTTIME OPERATIONAL NOISE LEVEL INCREASES
Receiver
Location1
Total
Project
Operational
Noise Level2
Measurement
Location3
Reference
Ambient
Noise
Levels4
Combined
Project
and
Ambient5
Project
Increase6
Increase
Criteria7
Increase
Criteria
Exceeded?
R1 37.6 L1 61.2 61.2 0.0 5.0 No
R2 45.9 L2 65.2 65.3 0.1 1.5 No
R3 45.3 L3 70.7 70.7 0.0 1.5 No
R4 40.1 L4 62.0 62.0 0.0 5.0 No
1 See Exhibit 6-A for the receiver locations.
2 Total Project nighttime operational noise levels as shown on Table 7-3.
3 Reference noise level measurement locations as shown on Exhibit 5-A.
4 Observed nighttime ambient noise levels as shown on Table 5-1.
5 Represents the combined ambient conditions plus the Project activities.
6 The noise level increase expected with the addition of the proposed Project activities.
7 Significance increase criteria as shown on Table 4-1.
8 Receiver locations do not include any noise sensitive nighttime use.
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7.7 OFF-SITE TRAFFIC NOISE ANALYSIS
Traffic generated by the operation of the proposed Project will influence the traffic noise levels
in surrounding off-site areas and at the Project site. According to the Almond & Valley
Distribution Center Trip Generation Assessment prepared by Urban Crossroads, Inc., the
proposed Project is anticipated to generate 592 two-way trips including 130 truck trips. (2)
The site is occupied by an existing tenant and is currently active. The existing trucking company
provides support distribution needs for their shipping partners. The Trip Generation Assessment
determined the proposed Project will generate an increase in 312 two-way trips with a reduction
of 131 truck trips for a net Project trip increase of 181 trips. Because the Project would generate
less than 250 net new peak hour trips, traffic analysis is not required for this Project based on the
City Guidelines. (2)
The off-site Project-related traffic represents an incremental increase to the existing roadway
volumes. Due to the low net new trip generation, the Project is not expected to create a “barely
perceptible” noise level increase of 3 dBA CNEL at nearby sensitive land uses adjacent to study
area roadways since a doubling of the existing traffic volumes would be required to generate a 3
dBA CNEL increase. (4) The Project-related off-site traffic noise levels increase due to the 181
additional Project trips are estimated at less than 1 dBA CNEL. Due to the low traffic volumes,
the Project related off-site traffic noise increases are considered less than significant and no
further analysis is required.
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8 CONSTRUCTION ANALYSIS
This section analyzes potential impacts resulting from the short-term construction activities
associated with the development of the Project. Exhibit 8-A shows the on-site construction noise
source activity including the site adjacent off-site roadway improvement locations in relation to
the nearest sensitive receiver locations previously described in Section 6. It is expected that the
off-site construction activities would not take place at one location for the entire duration of
construction. Construction noise from this off-site work would, therefore, be relatively short
term and the noise levels would be reduced as construction work moves linearly along the
existing public right-of-way and farther from sensitive uses. To prevent high levels of
construction noise from impacting noise-sensitive land uses, City of Fontana Municipal Code
Section 18-63[7], limits construction activities to the hours 7:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. on weekdays
and between the hours of 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. on Saturdays.
In addition, neither the General Plan nor the Municipal Code establish numeric maximum
acceptable construction source noise levels at potentially affected receivers for CEQA analysis
purposes. Therefore, a numerical construction threshold based on Federal Transit
Administration (FTA) Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment Manual is used for analysis
of daytime construction impacts. The FTA considers a daytime exterior construction noise level
of 80 dBA Leq as a reasonable threshold for noise sensitive residential land use with a nighttime
exterior construction noise level of 70 dBA Leq (9 p. 179).
8.1 CONSTRUCTION NOISE LEVELS
The FTA Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment Manual recognizes that construction
projects are accomplished in several different stages and outlines the procedures for assessing
noise impacts during construction. Each stage has a specific equipment mix, depending on the
work to be completed during that stage. As a result of the equipment mix, each stage has its own
noise characteristics; some stages have higher continuous noise levels than others, and some
have higher impact noise levels than others. The Project construction activities are expected to
occur in the following stages:
• Demolition
• Site Preparation
• Grading
• Building Construction
• Paving
• Architectural Coating
8.2 CONSTRUCTION REFERENCE NOISE LEVELS
To describe construction noise activities, this construction noise analysis was prepared using
reference construction equipment noise levels from the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
published the Roadway Construction Noise Model (RCNM), which includes a national database
of construction equipment reference noise emission levels. (21) The RCNM equipment database,
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provides a comprehensive list of the noise generating characteristics for specific types of
construction equipment. In addition, the database provides an acoustical usage factor to
estimate the fraction of time each piece of construction equipment is operating at full power
(i.e., its loudest condition) during a construction operation.
EXHIBIT 8-A: CONSTRUCTION NOISE SOURCE AND RECEIVER LOCATIONS
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8.3 CONSTRUCTION NOISE ANALYSIS
Using the reference construction equipment noise levels and the CadnaA noise prediction model,
calculations of the Project construction noise level impacts at the nearby sensitive receiver
locations were completed. Consistent with FTA guidance for general construction noise
assessment, Table 8-1 presents the combined noise levels for the loudest construction
equipment, assuming they operate at the same time. As shown on Table 8-2, the construction
noise levels are expected to range from 48.8 to 62.4 dBA Leq at the nearby receiver locations.
Appendix 8.1 includes the detailed CadnaA construction noise model inputs.
TABLE 8-1: CONSTRUCTION REFERENCE NOISE LEVELS
Construction
Stage
Reference
Construction Activity
Reference Noise
Level @ 50 Feet
(dBA Leq)1
Combined
Noise Level
(dBA Leq)2
Combined Sound
Power Level
(PWL)3
Demolition
Demolition Equipment 82
83 115 Backhoes 74
Hauling Trucks 72
Site
Preparation
Crawler Tractors 78
80 112 Hauling Trucks 72
Rubber Tired Dozers 75
Grading
Graders 81
83 115 Excavators 77
Compactors 76
Building
Construction
Cranes 73
81 113 Tractors 80
Welders 70
Paving
Pavers 74
83 115 Paving Equipment 82
Rollers 73
Architectural
Coating
Cranes 73
77 109 Air Compressors 74
Generator Sets 70
1 FHWA Roadway Construction Noise Model (RCNM).
2 Represents the combined noise level for all equipment assuming they operate at the same time consistent with FTA Transit Noise and
Vibration Impact Assessment guidance.
3 Sound power level represents the total amount of acoustical energy (noise level) produced by a sound source independent of distance or
surroundings. Sound power levels calibrated using the CadnaA noise model at the reference distance to the noise source.
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TABLE 8-2: CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT NOISE LEVEL SUMMARY
Receiver
Location1
Construction Noise Levels (dBA Leq)
Demolition Site
Preparation Grading Building
Construction Paving Architectural
Coating
Highest
Levels2
R1 54.8 51.8 54.8 52.8 54.8 48.8 54.8
R2 62.4 59.4 62.4 60.4 62.4 56.4 62.4
R3 62.2 59.2 62.2 60.2 62.2 56.2 62.2
R4 56.3 53.3 56.3 54.3 56.3 50.3 56.3
1 Construction noise source and receiver locations are shown on Exhibit 8-A.
2 Construction noise level calculations based on distance from the construction activity, which is measured from the Project site boundary
to the nearest receiver locations. CadnaA construction noise model inputs are included in Appendix 10.1.
8.4 CONSTRUCTION NOISE LEVEL COMPLIANCE
To evaluate whether the Project will generate potentially significant short-term noise levels at
nearest receiver locations, a construction-related daytime noise level threshold of 80 dBA Leq is
used as a reasonable threshold to assess the daytime construction noise level impacts. The
construction noise analysis shows that the nearest receiver locations will not exceed the
reasonable daytime 80 dBA Leq significance threshold during Project construction activities as
shown on Table 8-3. Therefore, the noise impacts due to Project construction noise are
considered less than significant at all receiver locations.
TABLE 8-3: TYPICAL CONSTRUCTION NOISE LEVEL COMPLIANCE
Receiver
Location1
Construction Noise Levels (dBA Leq)
Highest Construction
Noise Levels2 Threshold3 Threshold
Exceeded?4
R1 54.8 80 No
R2 62.4 80 No
R3 62.2 80 No
R4 56.3 80 No
1 Construction noise source and receiver locations are shown on Exhibit 8-A.
2 Highest construction noise level calculations based on distance from the construction noise source activity to
the nearest receiver locations as shown on Table 8-2.
3 Construction noise level thresholds as shown on Table 4-1.
4 Do the estimated Project construction noise levels exceed the construction noise level threshold?
It is our understanding that nighttime concrete pouring activities will occur as a part of Project
building construction activities. Nighttime concrete pouring activities are often used to support
reduced concrete mixer truck transit times and lower air temperatures than during the daytime
hours and are generally limited to the actual building pad area. Since the nighttime concrete
pours will take place outside the permitted City of Fontana Municipal Code, Section 18-63(b)(7)
hours of 7:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. on weekdays and between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m.
on Saturdays the Project Applicant will be required to obtain authorization for nighttime work
from the City of Fontana. Any nighttime construction noise activities are evaluated against the
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FTA nighttime exterior construction noise level threshold of 70 dBA Leq for noise sensitive
residential land use (9 p. 179).
8.4.1 NIGHTTIME CONCRETE POUR REFERENCE NOISE LEVEL MEASUREMENTS
To estimate the noise levels due to nighttime concrete pour activities, sample reference noise
level measurements were taken during a nighttime concrete pour at a construction site. Urban
Crossroads, Inc. collected short-term nighttime concrete pour reference noise level
measurements during the noise-sensitive nighttime hours between 1:00 a.m. to 2:00 a.m. at
27334 San Bernardino Avenue in the City of Redlands. The reference noise levels describe the
expected concrete pour noise sources that may include concrete mixer truck movements and
pouring activities, concrete paving equipment, rear mounted concrete mixer truck backup
alarms, engine idling, air brakes, generators, and workers communicating/whistling. To describe
the nighttime concrete pour noise levels associated with the construction of the Almond & Valley
Distribution Center, this analysis relies on reference sound pressure level of 67.7 dBA Leq at 50
feet representing a sound power level of 100.3 dBA Lw. While the Project noise levels will depend
on the actual duration of activities and specific equipment fleet in use at the time of construction,
the reference sound power level of 100.3 dBA Lw is used to describe the expected Project
nighttime concrete pour noise activities.
8.4.2 NIGHTTIME CONCRETE POUR NOISE LEVEL COMPLIANCE
As shown on Table 8-4, the noise levels associated with the nighttime concrete pour activities
(paving) are estimated to range from 40.1 to 47.7 dBA Leq and will not exceed FTA nighttime
exterior construction noise level threshold of 70 dBA Leq for noise sensitive residential land use
(9 p. 179). Based on the results of this analysis, all nearest noise receiver locations will experience
less than significant impacts due to the Project related nighttime concrete pour activities.
Appendix 8.2 includes the CadnaA nighttime concrete pour noise model inputs.
TABLE 8-4: NIGHTTIME CONCRETE POUR NOISE LEVEL COMPLIANCE
Receiver
Location1
Concrete Pour Construction Noise Levels (dBA Leq)
Exterior
Noise Levels2
Nighttime
Threshold3
Threshold
Exceeded?4
R1 40.1 70 No
R2 47.7 70 No
R3 47.5 70 No
R4 41.6 70 No
1 Construction noise source and receiver locations are shown on Exhibit 8-A.
2 Nighttime Concrete Pour noise model inputs are included in Appendix 8.2.
3 Construction noise level thresholds as shown on Table 4-1.
4 Do the estimated Project construction noise levels exceed the nighttime construction noise level
threshold?
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8.5 CONSTRUCTION VIBRATION ANALYSIS
Construction activity can result in varying degrees of ground vibration, depending on the
equipment and methods used, distance to the affected structures and soil type. Construction
vibration is generally associated with pile driving and rock blasting. However, no pile driving, or
rock blasting activities are planned for the Project. It is expected that ground-borne vibration
from Project construction activities would cause only intermittent, localized intrusion. Ground
vibration levels associated with various types of construction equipment are summarized on
Table 8-5. Based on the representative vibration levels presented for various construction
equipment types, it is possible to estimate the potential Project construction vibration levels
using the following vibration assessment methods defined by the FTA. To describe the vibration
impacts the FTA provides the following equation: PPVequip = PPVref x (25/D)1.5
TABLE 8-5: VIBRATION SOURCE LEVELS FOR CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
Equipment PPV (in/sec)
at 25 feet
Small bulldozer 0.003
Jackhammer 0.035
Loaded Trucks 0.076
Large bulldozer 0.089
Vibratory Roller 0.210
Federal Transit Administration, Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment Manual
Table 8-6 presents the expected Project related vibration levels at the nearby receiver locations.
At distances ranging from 604 to 1,941 feet from Project construction activities, construction
vibration velocity levels are estimated to range from 0.000 to 0.002 in/sec PPV. Based on
maximum acceptable continuous vibration threshold of 0.3 PPV (in/sec), the typical Project
construction vibration levels will fall below the building damage thresholds at all the noise
sensitive receiver locations. Therefore, the Project-related vibration impacts are considered less
than significant during typical construction activities at the Project site.
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TABLE 8-6: PROJECT CONSTRUCTION VIBRATION LEVELS
Receiver1
Distance
to
Const.
Activity
(Feet)2
Typical Construction Vibration Levels
PPV (in/sec)3 Thresholds
PPV
(in/sec)4
Thresholds
Exceeded?5 Small
bulldozer Jackhammer Loaded
Trucks
Large
bulldozer
Vibratory
Roller
Highest
Vibration
Level
R1 1,941' 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.3 No
R2 738' 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.3 No
R3 604' 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.3 No
R4 1,585' 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.3 No
1 Receiver locations are shown on Exhibit 8-A.
2 Distance from receiver location to Project construction boundary (Project site boundary).
3 Based on the Vibration Source Levels of Construction Equipment (Table 8-5).
4 Caltrans Transportation and Construction Vibration Guidance Manual, April 2020, Table 19, p. 38.
5 Does the peak vibration exceed the acceptable vibration thresholds?
"PPV" = Peak Particle Velocity
Moreover, the vibration levels reported at the sensitive receiver locations are unlikely to be
sustained during the entire construction period but will occur rather only during the times that
heavy construction equipment is operating adjacent to the Project site perimeter.
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9 REFERENCES
1. State of California. California Environmental Quality Act, Environmental Checklist Form Appendix G.
2021.
2. Urban Crossroads, Inc. Almond & Valley Distribution Trip Generation Assessment. February 2023.
3. California Department of Transportation Environmental Program. Technical Noise Supplement - A
Technical Supplement to the Traffic Noise Analysis Protocol. Sacramento, CA : s.n., September 2013.
4. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Noise Abatement and Control. Information on Levels of
Environmental Noise Requisite to Protect Public Health and Welfare with an Adequate Margin of
Safety. March 1974. EPA/ONAC 550/9/74-004.
5. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Office of Environment and
Planning, Noise and Air Quality Branch. Highway Traffic Noise Analysis and Abatement Policy and
Guidance. December 2011.
6. U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration. Highway Noise Barrier Design
Handbook. 2001.
7. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. Highway Traffic Noise in the
United States, Problem and Response. April 2000. p. 3.
8. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Noise Abatement and Control. Noise Effects
Handbook-A Desk Reference to Health and Welfare Effects of Noise. October 1979 (revised July 1981).
EPA 550/9/82/106.
9. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. Transit Noise and Vibration Impact
Assessment Manual. September 2018.
10. Office of Planning and Research. State of California General Plan Guidlines. 2017.
11. City of Fontana. General Plan Noise Element. November 2018.
12. —. Zoning and Development Code, Section 30, Article V - Residential Zoning Districts, Division 6 -
Performance Standards.
13. —. Municipal Code, Chapter 18, Article II - Noise.
14. California Department of Transportation. Transportation and Construction Vibration Guidance
Manual. April 2020.
15. City of Ontario. Ontario International Airport Land Use Compatibility Plan. July 2018.
16. State of California. California Environmental Quality Act, Environmental Checklist Form Appendix G.
2021.
17. California Court of Appeal. Gray v. County of Madera, F053661. 167 Cal.App.4th 1099; - Cal.Rptr.3d,
October 2008.
18. Federal Interagency Committee on Noise. Federal Agency Review of Selected Airport Noise Analysis
Issues. August 1992.
19. California Department of Transportation. Technical Noise Supplement. November 2009.
20. American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Specification for Sound Level Meters ANSI S1.4-
2014/IEC 61672-1:2013.
21. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Office of Environment and
Planning. FHWA Roadway Construction Noise Model. January, 2006.
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22. City of Fontana Community Development. Noise and Vibration Thresholds of Significance,
Confirmation of Noise Impact Analysis Scope for an Industrial Warehouse Project. May 2019.
23. Office of Planning and Research. State of California General Plan Guidelines. 2019.
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10 CERTIFICATIONS
The contents of this noise study report represent an accurate depiction of the noise environment
and impacts associated with the proposed Almond & Valley Distribution Center Project. The
information contained in this noise study report is based on the best available data at the time
of preparation. If you have any questions, please contact me directly at (949) 584-3148.
Bill Lawson, P.E., INCE
Principal
URBAN CROSSROADS, INC.
260 E. Baker Street, Suite 200
Costa Mesa, CA 92626
(949) 336-5979
blawson@urbanxroads.com
EDUCATION
Master of Science in Civil and Environmental Engineering
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo • December, 1993
Bachelor of Science in City and Regional Planning
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo • June, 1992
PROFESSIONAL REGISTRATIONS
PE – Registered Professional Traffic Engineer – TR 2537 • January, 2009
AICP – American Institute of Certified Planners – 013011 • June, 1997–January 1, 2012
PTP – Professional Transportation Planner • May, 2007 – May, 2013
INCE – Institute of Noise Control Engineering • March, 2004
PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS
ASA – Acoustical Society of America
ITE – Institute of Transportation Engineers
PROFESSIONAL CERTIFICATIONS
Certified Acoustical Consultant – County of Orange • February, 2011
FHWA-NHI-142051 Highway Traffic Noise Certificate of Training • February, 2013
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APPENDIX 3.1:
CITY OF FONTANA DEVELOPMENT CODE
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(Supp. No. 6)
Page 1 of 2
Sec. 30-543. Noise and vibration.
(a) Noise levels. No person shall create or cause to be created any sound which exceeds the noise levels in this
section as measured at the property line of any residentially zoned property:
(1) The noise level between 7:00 a.m. and 10:00 p.m. shall not exceed 70 db(A).
(2) The noise level between 10:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m. shall not exceed 65 db(A).
(b) Noise measurements. Noise shall be measured with a sound level meter that meets the standards of the
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Section SI4-1979, Type 1 or Type 2. Noise levels shall be
measured using the "A" weighted sound pressure level scale in decibels (reference pressure = 20
micronewtons per meter squared).
(c) Vibration. No person shall create or cause to be created any activity which causes a vibration which can be
felt beyond the property line with or without the aid of an instrument.
Sec. 18-63. Scope, enumeration of prohibited noises.
(a) This article shall apply to loud, excessive, impulsive or intrusive interior and exterior sound or noise that
annoys or disturbs persons of ordinary sensibilities emanating from any type of property or source within the
city.
(b) The following acts, which create loud, excessive, impulsive or intrusive sound or noise that annoys or
disturbs persons of ordinary sensibilities from a distance of 50 feet or more from the edge of the property,
structure or unit in which the source is located, are declared to be in violation of this article, but such
enumeration shall not be deemed to be exclusive, namely:
(1) Horns, signaling devices, etc. The sounding of any horn or signaling device on any automobile,
motorcycle, streetcar or other vehicle on any street or public place of the city, except as a danger
warning; the creation by means of any such signaling device of any unreasonably loud, excessive,
impulsive or intrusive noise; and the sounding of any such device for an unnecessary and unreasonable
period of time; the use of any signaling device except one operated by hand or electricity; the use of
any horn, whistle or other device operated by engine exhaust; and the use of any such signaling device
when traffic is for any reason held up.
(2) Sound amplifying equipment. The use or operation of any radio receiving set, musical instrument,
phonograph, loudspeaker, sound amplifier or any other machine or device in a manner that creates
loud, excessive, impulsive or intrusive noise that annoys or disturbs a person of ordinary sensibilities.
Such sound amplifying equipment shall not be construed to include electronic devices, including, but
not limited to, radios, tape players, tape recorders, compact disc players, MP3 players, electric
keyboards, music synthesizers, record players or televisions, which are designed and operated for
personal use, or used entirely within a building and are not designed or used to convey the human
voice, music or any other sound to an audience outside such building, or which are used in vehicles and
heard only by occupants of the vehicle in which installed.
(3) Animals, birds, etc. Keeping any animal or allowing any animal to be kept or suffering, or permitting
any animal to remain upon the premises under the control of a person, when such animal habitually
barks, whines or makes loud, excessive, impulsive or intrusive noises in such a manner as to disturb the
peace and quiet of the neighbors surrounding or in the vicinity of such premises, or whose barking or
howling or other sound or cry interferes with any person of ordinary sensitiveness in the reasonable
and comfortable enjoyment of life and property.
(4) Exhausts. The discharge into the open air of the exhaust of any steam engine, stationary internal
combustion engine, motorboat or motor vehicle, except through a muffler or other device which will
51
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Page 2 of 2
effectively prevent loud, excessive, impulsive or intrusive noises therefrom; provided, however, that
the provisions of this section and article do not apply to any raceway, racetrack or drag strip which is
being operated in accordance with the provisions of chapter 17, article IX.
(5) Defect in vehicle or load. The use of any automobile, motorcycle or vehicle so out of repair or loaded or
used in such manner as to create loud, excessive, impulsive or intrusive and unnecessary grating,
grinding, rattling or other noise.
(6) Loading, unloading or opening boxes. The creation of a loud, excessive, impulsive or intrusive and
excessive noise in connection with loading or unloading of any vehicle or the opening and destruction
of bales, boxes, crates and containers.
(7) Construction or repairing of buildings or structures. The erection (including excavating), demolition,
alteration or repair of any building or structure other than between the hours of 7:00 a.m. and 6:00
p.m. on weekdays and between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. on Saturdays, except in case of
urgent necessity in the interest of public health and safety, and then only with a permit from the
building inspector, which permit may be granted for a period not to exceed three days or less while the
emergency continues and which permit may be renewed for periods of three days or less while the
emergency continues. If the building inspector should determine that the public health and safety will
not be impaired by the erection, demolition, alteration or repair of any building or structure or the
excavation of streets and highways within the hours of 6:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m., and if he shall further
determine that loss or inconvenience would result to any party in interest, he may grant permission for
such work to be done on weekdays within the hours of 6:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m., upon application being
made at the time the permit for the work is awarded or during the progress of the work.
(8) Noise near schools, courts, place of worship or hospitals. The creation of any loud, excessive, impulsive
or intrusive noise on any street adjacent to any school, institution of learning, places of worship or
court while the premises are in use, or adjacent to any hospital which unreasonably interferes with the
workings of such institution or which disturbs or unduly annoys patients in the hospital; provided
conspicuous signs are displayed in such streets indicating that the street is a school, hospital or court
street.
(9) Transportation of metal rails, pillars and columns. The transportation of rails, pillars or columns of iron,
steel or other material over and along streets and other public places upon carts, drays, cars or trucks,
or in any other manner so loaded as to cause loud, excessive, impulsive or intrusive noise or as to
disturb the peace and quiet of such streets or other public places.
(10) Piledrivers, hammers, etc. The operation between the hours of 6:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m. of any
piledriver, steamshovel, pneumatic hammer, derrick, steam or electric hoist or other appliance, the use
of which is attended by loud, excessive, impulsive or intrusive noise.
(11) Blowers. The operation of any noise-creating blower or power fan or any internal combustion engine
other than from the hours of 7:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. on a weekday and the hours of 8:00 a.m. and
5:00 p.m. on a Saturday, the operation of which causes noise due to the explosion of operating gases
or fluids, unless the noise from such blower or fan is muffled and such engine is equipped with a
muffler device sufficient to deaden such noise.
(Code 1968, § 17-3; Ord. No. 1460, § 2, 10-5-04; Ord. No. 1560, § 2, 9-11-07)
52
Almond & Valley Distribution Center Noise and Vibration Analysis
15256-02 NA
APPENDIX 5.1:
STUDY AREA PHOTOS
53
Almond & Valley Distribution Center Noise and Vibration Analysis
15256-02 NA
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54
JN:15256
15256_L1_A 1.North
34, 4' 31.360000"117, 29' 4.000000"
15256_L1_A 2.South
34, 4' 31.330000"117, 29' 3.890000"
15256_L1_A 3.East
34, 4' 31.330000"117, 29' 3.830000"
15256_L1_A 4.West
34, 4' 31.310000"117, 29' 3.720000"55
JN:15256
15256_L2_H 1.North
34, 4' 27.380000"117, 29' 18.990000"
15256_L2_H 2.South
34, 4' 27.370000"117, 29' 19.130000"
15256_L2_H 3.East
34, 4' 27.370000"117, 29' 19.100000"
15256_L2_H 4.West
34, 4' 27.390000"117, 29' 19.020000"56
JN:15256
15256_L3_I 1.North
34, 4' 23.800000"117, 29' 18.990000"
15256_L3_I 2.South
34, 4' 23.990000"117, 29' 18.880000"
15256_L3_I 3.East
34, 4' 24.000000"117, 29' 18.860000"
15256_L3_I 4.West
34, 4' 24.040000"117, 29' 18.940000"57
JN:15256
15256_L4_J 1.North
34, 4' 10.240000"117, 29' 35.530000"
15256_L4_J 2.South
34, 4' 10.210000"117, 29' 35.530000"
15256_L4_J 3.East
34, 4' 10.230000"117, 29' 35.530000"
15256_L4_J 4.West
34, 4' 10.230000"117, 29' 35.610000"58
Almond & Valley Distribution Center Noise and Vibration Analysis
15256-02 NA
APPENDIX 5.2:
NOISE LEVEL MEASUREMENT WORKSHEETS
59
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60
Date:Location:Meter:Piccolo II JN:15256
Project:Almond & Valley Source:Analyst:Z. Ibrahim
Timeframe Hour L eq L max Lmin L1%L2%L5%L8%L25%L50%L90%L95%L99%L eq Adj.Adj. L eq
0 50.3 61.1 42.7 60.7 60.1 57.7 55.4 47.8 45.3 43.5 43.2 42.8 50.3 10.0 60.3
1 49.8 59.7 44.2 59.3 58.7 56.6 53.9 48.2 46.4 44.9 44.6 44.3 49.8 10.0 59.8
2 53.1 64.5 44.6 64.1 63.6 60.9 58.1 49.3 47.0 45.2 45.0 44.7 53.1 10.0 63.1
3 54.1 64.3 47.3 63.9 63.2 60.9 58.9 52.6 50.0 48.0 47.7 47.4 54.1 10.0 64.1
4 59.5 70.8 50.9 70.4 69.7 66.8 64.3 57.3 53.7 51.6 51.3 51.0 59.5 10.0 69.5
5 63.3 74.5 55.2 74.1 73.6 70.8 68.5 60.1 58.0 56.2 55.9 55.5 63.3 10.0 73.3
6 68.9 77.3 57.3 76.9 76.5 75.4 74.4 69.4 64.9 58.7 58.2 57.5 68.9 10.0 78.9
7 75.6 82.7 59.8 82.5 81.8 81.5 81.2 77.0 69.1 61.1 60.5 60.2 75.6 0.0 75.6
8 64.8 74.5 51.4 74.1 73.5 71.9 70.5 64.2 59.4 53.9 52.8 52.0 64.8 0.0 64.8
9 61.0 72.0 47.7 71.7 71.0 68.4 66.0 59.5 54.5 49.4 48.6 47.9 61.0 0.0 61.0
10 69.7 81.8 49.9 81.4 80.6 76.8 74.9 67.2 62.9 52.3 51.2 50.3 69.7 0.0 69.7
11 60.0 70.1 46.3 69.7 69.2 67.3 65.6 59.4 53.9 48.0 47.3 46.6 60.0 0.0 60.0
12 61.2 72.0 49.2 71.4 70.6 68.3 66.5 60.4 55.2 50.7 50.1 49.4 61.2 0.0 61.2
13 59.6 71.0 45.9 70.4 69.5 67.0 64.9 58.4 52.5 47.3 46.7 46.1 59.6 0.0 59.6
14 60.9 72.3 45.9 71.9 71.1 68.2 65.9 59.6 53.6 47.6 47.0 46.2 60.9 0.0 60.9
15 61.2 72.1 46.0 71.5 70.6 68.3 66.4 60.8 54.6 47.6 46.8 46.2 61.2 0.0 61.2
16 60.8 70.5 46.9 70.1 69.6 68.0 66.4 60.7 55.2 48.3 47.6 47.0 60.8 0.0 60.8
17 62.8 75.9 49.7 75.2 74.0 69.8 66.8 59.6 55.1 51.2 50.6 50.0 62.8 0.0 62.8
18 65.6 78.7 47.2 77.9 76.6 72.9 70.5 60.7 54.2 48.4 47.9 47.4 65.6 0.0 65.6
19 59.8 73.0 47.8 72.3 71.3 67.2 64.2 55.9 51.3 48.5 48.2 47.9 59.8 5.0 64.8
20 57.0 68.0 44.8 67.6 67.0 64.3 62.2 55.5 50.6 45.7 45.2 44.9 57.0 5.0 62.0
21 54.8 66.0 43.9 65.6 64.9 62.3 60.2 52.4 48.6 44.9 44.4 44.0 54.8 5.0 59.8
22 52.8 63.5 43.3 63.1 62.5 60.0 57.7 51.1 47.9 44.2 43.7 43.4 52.8 10.0 62.8
23 53.4 63.2 42.4 62.9 62.4 60.9 59.1 52.5 48.3 44.0 43.4 42.6 53.4 10.0 63.4
Timeframe Hour L eq L max Lmin L1%L2%L5%L8%L25%L50%L90%L95%L99%
Min 54.8 66.0 43.9 65.6 64.9 62.3 60.2 52.4 48.6 44.9 44.4 44.0
Max 75.6 82.7 59.8 82.5 81.8 81.5 81.2 77.0 69.1 61.1 60.5 60.2
66.3 72.9 72.1 69.5 67.5 60.7 55.4 49.7 49.0 48.4
Min 49.8 59.7 42.4 59.3 58.7 56.6 53.9 47.8 45.3 43.5 43.2 42.6
Max 68.9 77.3 57.3 76.9 76.5 75.4 74.4 69.4 64.9 58.7 58.2 57.5
61.2 66.2 65.6 63.3 61.1 54.3 51.3 48.5 48.1 47.7
Night
Day
Leq (dBA)24-Hour
CNELDay
Night
Energy Average
Energy Average Average:
Average:
Daytime
(7am-10pm)
Nighttime
(10pm-7am)
68.9 66.3 61.2
24-Hour Noise Level Measurement Summary
Hourly L eq dBA Readings (unadjusted)
Night
Thursday, March 9, 2023 L1 - Located East of the Project site near the residence at 9793
Redwood Ave.
50
.
3
49
.
8
53
.
1
54
.
1
59
.
5
63
.
3
68
.
9
75
.
6
64
.
8
61
.
0
69
.
7
60
.
0
61
.
2
59
.
6
60
.
9
61
.
2
60
.
8
62
.
8
65
.
6
59
.
8
57
.
0
54
.
8
52
.
8
53
.
4
35.040.045.050.055.060.065.070.075.080.085.0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Ho
u
r
l
y
L
eq
(d
B
A
)
Hour Beginning
Z:\Shared\UcJobs\_15100-15500\_15200\15256\04_Noise\Fieldwork\Measurements\15256_L1_A 61
Date:Location:Meter:Piccolo II JN:15256
Project:Almond & Valley Source:Analyst:Z. Ibrahim
Timeframe Hour L eq L max Lmin L1%L2%L5%L8%L25%L50%L90%L95%L99%L eq Adj.Adj. L eq
0 61.3 71.4 44.3 71.1 70.5 68.3 66.7 61.2 54.9 45.4 44.9 44.5 61.3 10.0 71.3
1 61.6 72.0 45.2 71.7 71.1 69.2 67.3 61.1 54.2 46.7 46.0 45.4 61.6 10.0 71.6
2 62.4 72.9 45.5 72.6 72.1 70.0 67.7 62.0 55.3 47.0 46.2 45.7 62.4 10.0 72.4
3 63.8 73.1 47.7 72.8 72.2 70.4 69.2 64.4 58.5 49.4 48.7 47.9 63.8 10.0 73.8
4 66.7 75.4 55.7 75.0 74.3 72.2 71.1 67.7 63.9 57.2 56.3 55.8 66.7 10.0 76.7
5 67.8 74.6 58.7 74.3 73.8 72.5 71.7 69.2 66.1 60.3 59.4 58.8 67.8 10.0 77.8
6 69.0 77.0 58.2 76.6 75.9 74.2 73.2 70.1 66.9 60.6 59.3 58.3 69.0 10.0 79.0
7 68.6 77.0 57.8 76.4 75.8 73.7 72.4 69.5 66.9 60.8 59.5 58.0 68.6 0.0 68.6
8 67.4 75.4 54.6 75.0 74.5 72.7 71.4 68.5 65.7 57.6 56.1 54.9 67.4 0.0 67.4
9 66.7 74.0 55.3 73.7 73.3 71.8 70.7 67.8 65.0 58.5 57.0 55.7 66.7 0.0 66.7
10 67.6 79.4 54.1 78.9 77.8 71.8 70.0 67.1 64.3 57.4 56.1 54.5 67.6 0.0 67.6
11 67.6 77.9 55.2 77.5 76.6 73.5 71.7 67.6 64.3 57.8 56.6 55.4 67.6 0.0 67.6
12 67.4 75.4 56.1 75.0 74.4 72.6 71.3 68.5 65.4 59.1 57.5 56.3 67.4 0.0 67.4
13 66.2 73.6 54.1 73.3 73.0 71.7 70.6 67.2 64.2 57.3 55.8 54.4 66.2 0.0 66.2
14 65.8 72.8 54.3 72.5 72.2 70.9 69.6 66.9 64.1 57.5 56.0 54.6 65.8 0.0 65.8
15 67.2 76.4 55.3 75.8 75.2 73.0 71.8 67.5 64.7 58.1 56.5 55.5 67.2 0.0 67.2
16 67.8 76.4 58.6 75.7 74.7 72.6 71.5 68.4 66.1 61.4 60.3 58.9 67.8 0.0 67.8
17 67.8 75.7 58.1 75.4 74.8 72.6 71.2 68.8 66.2 60.8 59.7 58.3 67.8 0.0 67.8
18 67.0 73.9 56.1 73.6 73.2 71.8 70.8 68.2 65.6 59.5 58.0 56.5 67.0 0.0 67.0
19 66.6 75.3 55.6 74.9 74.3 72.4 71.0 67.2 64.2 57.6 56.7 55.8 66.6 5.0 71.6
20 66.8 79.1 53.5 78.3 77.1 72.9 70.0 66.0 62.2 55.3 54.4 53.7 66.8 5.0 71.8
21 64.5 72.6 51.6 72.4 71.9 70.4 69.4 65.7 61.1 53.5 52.6 51.8 64.5 5.0 69.5
22 63.4 72.7 49.6 72.3 71.8 69.7 68.5 63.9 58.9 51.2 50.4 49.7 63.4 10.0 73.4
23 62.7 72.2 47.8 71.9 71.2 69.0 67.7 63.4 58.1 49.5 48.7 48.0 62.7 10.0 72.7
Timeframe Hour L eq L max Lmin L1%L2%L5%L8%L25%L50%L90%L95%L99%
Min 64.5 72.6 51.6 72.4 71.9 70.4 69.4 65.7 61.1 53.5 52.6 51.8
Max 68.6 79.4 58.6 78.9 77.8 73.7 72.4 69.5 66.9 61.4 60.3 58.9
67.1 75.2 74.6 72.3 70.9 67.7 64.7 58.1 56.9 55.6
Min 61.3 71.4 44.3 71.1 70.5 68.3 66.7 61.1 54.2 45.4 44.9 44.5
Max 69.0 77.0 58.7 76.6 75.9 74.2 73.2 70.1 66.9 60.6 59.4 58.8
65.2 73.1 72.6 70.6 69.2 64.8 59.6 51.9 51.1 50.5
24-Hour Noise Level Measurement Summary
Hourly L eq dBA Readings (unadjusted)
Night
Thursday, March 9, 2023 L2 - Located East of the Project site near the residence at
14512 El Molino St.
Night
Day
Leq (dBA)24-Hour
CNELDay
Night
Energy Average
Energy Average Average:
Average:
Daytime
(7am-10pm)
Nighttime
(10pm-7am)
72.2 67.1 65.2
61
.
3
61
.
6
62
.
4
63
.
8
66
.
7
67
.
8
69
.
0
68
.
6
67
.
4
66
.
7
67
.
6
67
.
6
67
.
4
66
.
2
65
.
8
67
.
2
67
.
8
67
.
8
67
.
0
66
.
6
66
.
8
64
.
5
63
.
4
62
.
7
35.040.045.050.055.060.065.070.075.080.085.0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Ho
u
r
l
y
L
eq
(d
B
A
)
Hour Beginning
Z:\Shared\UcJobs\_15100-15500\_15200\15256\04_Noise\Fieldwork\Measurements\15256_L2_H 62
Date:Location:Meter:Piccolo II JN:15256
Project:Almond & Valley Source:Analyst:Z. Ibrahim
Timeframe Hour L eq L max Lmin L1%L2%L5%L8%L25%L50%L90%L95%L99%L eq Adj.Adj. L eq
0 66.7 76.5 49.0 76.2 75.6 73.6 72.1 67.3 60.7 50.3 49.6 49.1 66.7 10.0 76.7
1 67.4 78.9 48.4 78.3 77.2 74.5 72.9 66.9 59.7 49.6 49.0 48.6 67.4 10.0 77.4
2 67.7 78.5 49.0 78.1 77.2 74.6 72.9 67.6 60.7 50.8 49.7 49.1 67.7 10.0 77.7
3 69.3 78.0 51.7 77.8 77.2 75.7 74.5 70.5 64.8 53.6 52.7 52.0 69.3 10.0 79.3
4 72.0 80.5 56.4 80.0 79.4 77.8 76.7 73.2 69.1 59.0 57.6 56.6 72.0 10.0 82.0
5 73.6 81.9 62.2 81.4 80.7 78.6 77.5 74.7 71.8 64.6 63.5 62.4 73.6 10.0 83.6
6 74.8 82.7 63.5 82.4 81.6 79.8 78.6 76.0 73.0 66.6 64.9 63.7 74.8 10.0 84.8
7 75.6 87.2 61.9 86.3 85.3 81.3 78.7 75.5 72.5 65.5 64.0 62.2 75.6 0.0 75.6
8 74.2 84.4 58.6 83.6 82.3 79.5 78.1 74.8 71.8 63.8 61.7 59.1 74.2 0.0 74.2
9 73.0 80.6 61.3 80.1 79.4 77.9 77.1 74.2 71.2 64.7 63.1 61.6 73.0 0.0 73.0
10 72.6 81.8 59.3 81.3 80.3 77.7 76.2 73.4 70.7 63.2 61.7 59.6 72.6 0.0 72.6
11 72.8 81.7 59.7 81.3 80.6 78.2 76.7 73.7 70.4 63.2 61.4 60.0 72.8 0.0 72.8
12 73.9 83.1 63.7 82.6 81.7 79.0 77.9 74.4 71.7 66.0 64.8 63.8 73.9 0.0 73.9
13 72.4 80.5 60.2 80.0 79.3 77.3 76.3 73.4 70.6 63.6 62.3 60.6 72.4 0.0 72.4
14 72.2 79.4 60.4 79.1 78.6 76.9 75.9 73.4 70.6 64.3 62.6 60.7 72.2 0.0 72.2
15 72.8 81.1 61.2 80.6 80.0 78.2 76.6 73.7 71.1 64.9 63.1 61.4 72.8 0.0 72.8
16 72.7 79.4 62.7 79.0 78.4 77.1 76.3 73.9 71.3 66.1 64.7 63.0 72.7 0.0 72.7
17 73.3 81.3 62.9 81.0 80.6 78.8 76.9 74.1 71.6 65.9 64.6 63.2 73.3 0.0 73.3
18 72.2 79.1 61.3 78.8 78.3 76.9 75.9 73.6 70.6 64.1 62.8 61.6 72.2 0.0 72.2
19 73.2 85.0 59.6 84.3 83.2 79.4 76.7 72.4 69.1 62.2 60.9 59.8 73.2 5.0 78.2
20 70.7 80.4 58.3 79.8 79.0 76.4 75.1 71.4 67.5 60.1 59.2 58.4 70.7 5.0 75.7
21 70.0 79.4 54.7 79.0 78.3 76.1 74.6 71.0 66.5 56.5 55.4 54.9 70.0 5.0 75.0
22 68.6 77.6 53.1 77.3 76.8 75.1 73.5 69.4 64.3 55.1 54.0 53.3 68.6 10.0 78.6
23 67.6 77.0 51.8 76.7 76.0 74.0 72.6 68.1 63.1 53.8 52.9 52.0 67.6 10.0 77.6
Timeframe Hour L eq L max Lmin L1%L2%L5%L8%L25%L50%L90%L95%L99%
Min 70.0 79.1 54.7 78.8 78.3 76.1 74.6 71.0 66.5 56.5 55.4 54.9
Max 75.6 87.2 63.7 86.3 85.3 81.3 78.7 75.5 72.5 66.1 64.8 63.8
73.0 81.1 80.4 78.0 76.6 73.5 70.5 63.6 62.2 60.7
Min 66.7 76.5 48.4 76.2 75.6 73.6 72.1 66.9 59.7 49.6 49.0 48.6
Max 74.8 82.7 63.5 82.4 81.6 79.8 78.6 76.0 73.0 66.6 64.9 63.7
70.7 78.7 78.0 76.0 74.6 70.4 65.2 55.9 54.9 54.1
24-Hour Noise Level Measurement Summary
Hourly L eq dBA Readings (unadjusted)
Night
Thursday, March 9, 2023 L3 - Located East of the Project site near the residence at 9933
Cherry Ave.
Night
Day
Leq (dBA)24-Hour
CNELDay
Night
Energy Average
Energy Average Average:
Average:
Daytime
(7am-10pm)
Nighttime
(10pm-7am)
77.8 73.0 70.7
66
.
7
67
.
4
67
.
7
69
.
3
72
.
0
73
.
6
74
.
8
75
.
6
74
.
2
73
.
0
72
.
6
72
.
8
73
.
9
72
.
4
72
.
2
72
.
8
72
.
7
73
.
3
72
.
2
73
.
2
70
.
7
70
.
0
68
.
6
67
.
6
35.040.045.050.055.060.065.070.075.080.085.0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Ho
u
r
l
y
L
eq
(d
B
A
)
Hour Beginning
Z:\Shared\UcJobs\_15100-15500\_15200\15256\04_Noise\Fieldwork\Measurements\15256_L3_I 63
Date:Location:Meter:Piccolo II JN:15256
Project:Almond & Valley Source:Analyst:Z. Ibrahim
Timeframe Hour L eq L max Lmin L1%L2%L5%L8%L25%L50%L90%L95%L99%L eq Adj.Adj. L eq
0 57.9 67.4 50.3 66.8 66.2 64.2 62.7 57.3 54.6 51.1 50.8 50.4 57.9 10.0 67.9
1 58.8 67.7 52.2 67.1 66.4 64.6 63.4 58.6 55.8 53.0 52.7 52.3 58.8 10.0 68.8
2 58.8 68.2 52.1 67.4 66.7 65.0 63.7 58.6 55.5 52.7 52.5 52.2 58.8 10.0 68.8
3 61.8 69.9 57.6 69.2 68.3 66.2 65.2 62.0 59.8 58.2 58.0 57.7 61.8 10.0 71.8
4 63.4 71.5 58.7 71.0 70.4 68.1 66.5 63.5 61.6 59.6 59.3 58.8 63.4 10.0 73.4
5 66.0 73.4 62.0 72.8 72.2 70.6 69.5 66.0 64.5 62.8 62.4 62.1 66.0 10.0 76.0
6 65.1 71.7 61.3 71.5 71.1 69.6 68.5 65.3 63.8 62.0 61.7 61.4 65.1 10.0 75.1
7 66.2 76.0 59.5 75.4 74.5 72.3 70.7 65.4 63.1 60.4 60.1 59.6 66.2 0.0 66.2
8 68.1 77.6 62.1 76.8 75.9 73.9 72.3 67.8 65.1 62.9 62.6 62.2 68.1 0.0 68.1
9 70.7 77.3 65.6 76.8 76.4 75.3 74.5 71.3 69.0 66.7 66.1 65.8 70.7 0.0 70.7
10 67.1 77.6 59.8 76.8 75.6 73.2 71.7 66.5 63.0 60.6 60.3 59.9 67.1 0.0 67.1
11 69.8 79.0 56.9 78.0 77.2 75.8 74.8 70.7 66.1 60.1 58.6 57.3 69.8 0.0 69.8
12 66.0 75.2 56.1 74.7 74.0 72.4 71.1 66.3 62.0 57.5 57.0 56.3 66.0 0.0 66.0
13 64.4 73.9 54.4 73.2 72.4 70.9 69.4 64.6 60.4 55.9 55.2 54.5 64.4 0.0 64.4
14 65.0 75.4 55.3 74.6 73.6 71.5 70.2 64.4 60.9 56.9 56.3 55.6 65.0 0.0 65.0
15 64.8 74.6 55.6 74.1 73.6 72.1 70.0 64.1 60.3 56.6 56.1 55.7 64.8 0.0 64.8
16 64.4 73.6 57.1 73.0 72.3 70.7 69.1 64.5 61.0 58.0 57.6 57.2 64.4 0.0 64.4
17 63.6 72.0 58.5 71.4 70.7 68.8 67.3 63.6 61.6 59.4 59.1 58.7 63.6 0.0 63.6
18 62.9 71.9 57.1 71.3 70.6 68.7 67.1 62.5 60.0 57.9 57.5 57.2 62.9 0.0 62.9
19 63.5 72.0 58.9 71.4 70.5 68.8 67.6 63.1 61.2 59.6 59.3 59.0 63.5 5.0 68.5
20 61.9 69.3 57.3 69.0 68.6 67.1 65.6 62.0 60.0 57.9 57.7 57.4 61.9 5.0 66.9
21 61.4 69.2 57.5 68.5 67.7 65.9 64.7 61.5 59.8 58.1 57.8 57.5 61.4 5.0 66.4
22 58.5 67.9 53.1 67.3 66.5 64.1 62.5 58.3 55.8 53.7 53.4 53.1 58.5 10.0 68.5
23 57.6 66.9 51.0 66.5 65.7 63.5 62.1 57.3 54.5 51.7 51.4 51.1 57.6 10.0 67.6
Timeframe Hour L eq L max Lmin L1%L2%L5%L8%L25%L50%L90%L95%L99%
Min 61.4 69.2 54.4 68.5 67.7 65.9 64.7 61.5 59.8 55.9 55.2 54.5
Max 70.7 79.0 65.6 78.0 77.2 75.8 74.8 71.3 69.0 66.7 66.1 65.8
66.2 73.7 72.9 71.1 69.8 65.2 62.2 59.2 58.8 58.3
Min 57.6 66.9 50.3 66.5 65.7 63.5 62.1 57.3 54.5 51.1 50.8 50.4
Max 66.0 73.4 62.0 72.8 72.2 70.6 69.5 66.0 64.5 62.8 62.4 62.1
62.0 68.9 68.2 66.2 64.9 60.8 58.4 56.1 55.8 55.5
24-Hour Noise Level Measurement Summary
Hourly L eq dBA Readings (unadjusted)
Night
Thursday, March 9, 2023 L4 - Located South of the Project site near the residence at
10146 Almond Ave.
Night
Day
Leq (dBA)24-Hour
CNELDay
Night
Energy Average
Energy Average Average:
Average:
Daytime
(7am-10pm)
Nighttime
(10pm-7am)
69.6 66.2 62.0
57
.
9
58
.
8
58
.
8
61
.
8
63
.
4
66
.
0
65
.
1
66
.
2
68
.
1
70
.
7
67
.
1
69
.
8
66
.
0
64
.
4
65
.
0
64
.
8
64
.
4
63
.
6
62
.
9
63
.
5
61
.
9
61
.
4
58
.
5
57
.
6
35.040.045.050.055.060.065.070.075.080.085.0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Ho
u
r
l
y
L
eq
(d
B
A
)
Hour Beginning
Z:\Shared\UcJobs\_15100-15500\_15200\15256\04_Noise\Fieldwork\Measurements\15256_L4_J 64
Almond & Valley Distribution Center Noise and Vibration Analysis
15256-02 NA
APPENDIX 7.1:
CADNAA OPERATIONAL NOISE MODEL INPUTS
65
Almond & Valley Distribution Center Noise and Vibration Analysis
15256-02 NA
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66
15256 - Almond & Valley
CadnaA Noise Prediction Model: 15256-02.cna
Date: 20.03.23
Analyst: B. Lawson
Calculation Configuration
Configuration
Parameter Value
General
Max. Error (dB)0.00
Max. Search Radius (#(Unit,LEN))2000.01
Min. Dist Src to Rcvr 0.00
Partition
Raster Factor 0.50
Max. Length of Section (#(Unit,LEN))999.99
Min. Length of Section (#(Unit,LEN))1.01
Min. Length of Section (%)0.00
Proj. Line Sources On
Proj. Area Sources On
Ref. Time
Reference Time Day (min)960.00
Reference Time Night (min)480.00
Daytime Penalty (dB)0.00
Recr. Time Penalty (dB)5.00
Night-time Penalty (dB)10.00
DTM
Standard Height (m)0.00
Model of Terrain Triangulation
Reflection
max. Order of Reflection 2
Search Radius Src 100.00
Search Radius Rcvr 100.00
Max. Distance Source - Rcvr 1000.00 1000.00
Min. Distance Rvcr - Reflector 1.00 1.00
Min. Distance Source - Reflector 0.10
Industrial (ISO 9613)
Lateral Diffraction some Obj
Obst. within Area Src do not shield On
Screening Incl. Ground Att. over Barrier
Dz with limit (20/25)
Barrier Coefficients C1,2,3 3.0 20.0 0.0
Temperature (#(Unit,TEMP))10
rel. Humidity (%)70
Ground Absorption G 0.50
Wind Speed for Dir. (#(Unit,SPEED))3.0
Roads (TNM)
Railways (FTA/FRA)
Aircraft (???)
Strictly acc. to AzB
Receiver Noise Levels
Name M.ID Level Lr Limit. Value Land Use Height Coordinates
Day Night CNEL Day Night CNEL Type Auto Noise Type X Y Z
(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)
RECEIVERS R1 37.7 37.6 44.3 70.0 65.0 0.0 5.00 a 6187911.48 2337307.46 5.00
RECEIVERS R2 45.9 45.8 52.5 70.0 65.0 0.0 5.00 a 6186534.11 2336392.86 5.00
RECEIVERS R3 45.3 45.3 52.0 70.0 65.0 0.0 5.00 a 6186702.49 2336794.86 5.00
RECEIVERS R4 40.2 40.1 46.8 70.0 65.0 0.0 5.00 a 6185108.06 2335011.83 5.00
Point Source(s)
Name M.ID Result. PWL Lw / Li Operating Time Height Coordinates
Day Evening Night Type Value norm.Day Special Night X Y Z
(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)dB(A)(min)(min)(min)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)
POINTSOURCE AC01 88.9 88.9 88.9 Lw 88.9 585.00 0.00 252.00 5.00 g 6185315.49 2337117.17 45.00
POINTSOURCE AC02 88.9 88.9 88.9 Lw 88.9 585.00 0.00 252.00 5.00 g 6185264.70 2337155.12 45.00
POINTSOURCE AC03 88.9 88.9 88.9 Lw 88.9 585.00 0.00 252.00 5.00 g 6185306.73 2336787.33 45.00
POINTSOURCE AC04 88.9 88.9 88.9 Lw 88.9 585.00 0.00 252.00 5.00 g 6185264.11 2336758.73 45.00
POINTSOURCE CAR01 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185938.45 2337232.31 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR02 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185905.15 2337232.31 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR03 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185875.30 2337184.66 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR04 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185868.98 2337232.31 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR05 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185844.86 2337184.09 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR06 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185835.10 2337232.31 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR07 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185813.29 2337185.23 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR08 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185801.80 2337233.46 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR09 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185765.06 2337234.61 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR10 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185741.51 2337186.38 5.00
Urban Crossroads, Inc.67
Name M.ID Result. PWL Lw / Li Operating Time Height Coordinates
Day Evening Night Type Value norm.Day Special Night X Y Z
(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)dB(A)(min)(min)(min)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)
POINTSOURCE CAR11 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185732.33 2337235.19 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR12 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185711.66 2337186.38 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR13 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185702.47 2337235.76 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR14 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185665.73 2337187.53 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR15 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185650.80 2337236.33 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR16 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185629.55 2337187.53 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR17 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185612.33 2337239.20 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR18 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185595.68 2337187.53 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR19 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185565.82 2337238.06 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR20 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185545.15 2337188.10 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR21 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185533.09 2337237.48 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR22 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185511.85 2337188.68 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR23 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185498.07 2337238.06 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR24 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185468.21 2337189.25 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR25 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185445.25 2337239.78 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR26 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185428.60 2337188.68 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR27 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185405.06 2337240.93 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR28 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185360.84 2337189.25 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR29 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185341.32 2337243.22 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR30 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185316.63 2337190.98 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR31 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185301.13 2337243.22 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR32 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185332.31 2336716.77 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR33 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185310.98 2336660.13 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR34 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185296.27 2336717.51 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR35 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185274.20 2336662.34 5.00
POINTSOURCE CAR36 81.1 81.1 81.1 Lw 81.1 5.00 a 6185255.08 2336718.24 5.00
POINTSOURCE TRASH01 89.0 89.0 89.0 Lw 89 900.00 0.00 270.00 5.00 a 6185371.82 2336646.90 5.00
Line Source(s)
Name M.ID Result. PWL Result. PWL'Lw / Li Operating Time Moving Pt. Src Height
Day Evening Night Day Evening Night Type Value norm.Day Special Night Number Speed
(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)dB(A)(min)(min)(min)Day Evening Night (mph)(ft)
LINESOURCE TRUCK01 93.2 93.2 93.2 76.9 76.9 76.9 Lw 93.2 8 a
Name ID Height Coordinates
Begin End x y z Ground
(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)
LINESOURCE TRUCK01 8.00 a 6185360.48 2336687.49 8.00 0.00
6185221.49 2336690.44 8.00 0.00
Area Source(s)
Name M.ID Result. PWL Result. PWL''Lw / Li Operating Time Height
Day Evening Night Day Evening Night Type Value norm.Day Special Night (ft)
(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)dB(A)(min)(min)(min)
AREASOURCE DOCK01 111.5 111.5 111.5 71.3 71.3 71.3 Lw 111.5 8 a
Name ID Height Coordinates
Begin End x y z Ground
(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)
AREASOURCE DOCK01 8.00 a 6185360.26 2336785.17 8.00 0.00
6185922.20 2336776.35 8.00 0.00
6185961.92 2336774.14 8.00 0.00
6185959.71 2336590.99 8.00 0.00
6185359.52 2336597.61 8.00 0.00
6185360.99 2336735.89 8.00 0.00
Barrier(s)
Name Sel.M.ID Absorption Z-Ext.Cantilever Height Coordinates
left right horz.vert.Begin End x y z Ground
(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)
BARRIERPLANNED 0 14.00 a 6185359.99 2336735.90 14.00 0.00
6185359.71 2336708.93 14.00 0.00
BARRIERPLANNED 0 14.00 a 6185359.99 2336668.57 14.00 0.00
6185359.52 2336597.61 14.00 0.00
6185959.71 2336590.99 14.00 0.00
6185961.92 2336774.14 14.00 0.00
Building(s)
Name Sel.M.ID RB Residents Absorption Height Coordinates
Begin x y z Ground
(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)
BUILDING BUILDING00001 x 0 40.00 a 6185247.72 2337175.01 40.00 0.00
6185925.88 2337168.39 40.00 0.00
Urban Crossroads, Inc.68
Name Sel.M.ID RB Residents Absorption Height Coordinates
Begin x y z Ground
(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)
6185922.20 2336776.35 40.00 0.00
6185360.26 2336785.17 40.00 0.00
6185360.99 2336735.89 40.00 0.00
6185242.57 2336739.57 40.00 0.00
Urban Crossroads, Inc.69
Almond & Valley Distribution Center Noise and Vibration Analysis
15256-02 NA
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Almond & Valley Distribution Center Noise and Vibration Analysis
15256-02 NA
APPENDIX 8.1:
CADNAA CONSTRUCTION NOISE MODEL INPUTS
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15256 - Almond & Valley
CadnaA Noise Prediction Model: 15256-02_Construction.cna
Date: 20.03.23
Analyst: B. Lawson
Calculation Configuration
Configuration
Parameter Value
General
Max. Error (dB)0.00
Max. Search Radius (#(Unit,LEN))2000.01
Min. Dist Src to Rcvr 0.00
Partition
Raster Factor 0.50
Max. Length of Section (#(Unit,LEN))999.99
Min. Length of Section (#(Unit,LEN))1.01
Min. Length of Section (%)0.00
Proj. Line Sources On
Proj. Area Sources On
Ref. Time
Reference Time Day (min)960.00
Reference Time Night (min)480.00
Daytime Penalty (dB)0.00
Recr. Time Penalty (dB)5.00
Night-time Penalty (dB)10.00
DTM
Standard Height (m)0.00
Model of Terrain Triangulation
Reflection
max. Order of Reflection 2
Search Radius Src 100.00
Search Radius Rcvr 100.00
Max. Distance Source - Rcvr 1000.00 1000.00
Min. Distance Rvcr - Reflector 1.00 1.00
Min. Distance Source - Reflector 0.10
Industrial (ISO 9613)
Lateral Diffraction some Obj
Obst. within Area Src do not shield On
Screening Incl. Ground Att. over Barrier
Dz with limit (20/25)
Barrier Coefficients C1,2,3 3.0 20.0 0.0
Temperature (#(Unit,TEMP))10
rel. Humidity (%)70
Ground Absorption G 0.50
Wind Speed for Dir. (#(Unit,SPEED))3.0
Roads (TNM)
Railways (FTA/FRA)
Aircraft (???)
Strictly acc. to AzB
Receiver Noise Levels
Name M.ID Level Lr Limit. Value Land Use Height Coordinates
Day Night CNEL Day Night CNEL Type Auto Noise Type X Y Z
(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)
RECEIVERS R1 54.8 50.9 58.2 70.0 65.0 0.0 5.00 a 6187911.48 2337307.46 5.00
RECEIVERS R2 62.4 58.8 66.0 70.0 65.0 0.0 5.00 a 6186534.11 2336392.86 5.00
RECEIVERS R3 62.2 58.7 65.9 70.0 65.0 0.0 5.00 a 6186702.49 2336794.86 5.00
RECEIVERS R4 56.3 52.2 59.6 70.0 65.0 0.0 5.00 a 6185108.06 2335011.83 5.00
Point Source(s)
Name M.ID Result. PWL Lw / Li Operating Time Height Coordinates
Day Evening Night Type Value norm.Day Special Night X Y Z
(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)dB(A)(min)(min)(min)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)
CONS1 115.0 115.0 115.0 Lw 115 8.00 a 6185938.98 2337209.65 8.00
CONS2 115.0 115.0 115.0 Lw 115 8.00 a 6185935.78 2336767.86 8.00
CONS3 115.0 115.0 115.0 Lw 115 8.00 a 6185250.68 2336630.20 8.00
Area Source(s)
Name M.ID Result. PWL Result. PWL''Lw / Li Operating Time Height
Day Evening Night Day Evening Night Type Value norm.Day Special Night (ft)
(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)dB(A)(min)(min)(min)
SITEBOUNDARY CONSTRUCTION 122.0 15.0 15.0 75.4 -31.6 -31.6 PWL-Pt 115 8 a
Urban Crossroads, Inc.73
Name ID Height Coordinates
Begin End x y z Ground
(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)
SITEBOUNDARY CONSTRUCTION 8.00 a 6185226.78 2337253.16 8.00 0.00
6185971.41 2337247.86 8.00 0.00
6185961.87 2336587.12 8.00 0.00
6185220.57 2336593.16 8.00 0.00
Urban Crossroads, Inc.74
Almond & Valley Distribution Center Noise and Vibration Analysis
15256-02 NA
APPENDIX 8.2:
CADNAA CONCRETE POUR NOISE MODEL INPUTS
75
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15256 - Almond & Valley
CadnaA Noise Prediction Model: 15256-02_Concrete.cna
Date: 20.03.23
Analyst: B. Lawson
Calculation Configuration
Configuration
Parameter Value
General
Max. Error (dB)0.00
Max. Search Radius (#(Unit,LEN))2000.01
Min. Dist Src to Rcvr 0.00
Partition
Raster Factor 0.50
Max. Length of Section (#(Unit,LEN))999.99
Min. Length of Section (#(Unit,LEN))1.01
Min. Length of Section (%)0.00
Proj. Line Sources On
Proj. Area Sources On
Ref. Time
Reference Time Day (min)960.00
Reference Time Night (min)480.00
Daytime Penalty (dB)0.00
Recr. Time Penalty (dB)5.00
Night-time Penalty (dB)10.00
DTM
Standard Height (m)0.00
Model of Terrain Triangulation
Reflection
max. Order of Reflection 2
Search Radius Src 100.00
Search Radius Rcvr 100.00
Max. Distance Source - Rcvr 1000.00 1000.00
Min. Distance Rvcr - Reflector 1.00 1.00
Min. Distance Source - Reflector 0.10
Industrial (ISO 9613)
Lateral Diffraction some Obj
Obst. within Area Src do not shield On
Screening Incl. Ground Att. over Barrier
Dz with limit (20/25)
Barrier Coefficients C1,2,3 3.0 20.0 0.0
Temperature (#(Unit,TEMP))10
rel. Humidity (%)70
Ground Absorption G 0.50
Wind Speed for Dir. (#(Unit,SPEED))3.0
Roads (TNM)
Railways (FTA/FRA)
Aircraft (???)
Strictly acc. to AzB
Receiver Noise Levels
Name M.ID Level Lr Limit. Value Land Use Height Coordinates
Day Night CNEL Day Night CNEL Type Auto Noise Type X Y Z
(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)
RECEIVERS R1 40.1 36.2 43.5 70.0 65.0 0.0 5.00 a 6187911.48 2337307.46 5.00
RECEIVERS R2 47.7 44.1 51.3 70.0 65.0 0.0 5.00 a 6186534.11 2336392.86 5.00
RECEIVERS R3 47.5 44.0 51.2 70.0 65.0 0.0 5.00 a 6186702.49 2336794.86 5.00
RECEIVERS R4 41.6 37.5 44.9 70.0 65.0 0.0 5.00 a 6185108.06 2335011.83 5.00
Point Source(s)
Name M.ID Result. PWL Lw / Li Operating Time Height Coordinates
Day Evening Night Type Value norm.Day Special Night X Y Z
(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)dB(A)(min)(min)(min)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)
CONS1 100.3 100.3 100.3 Lw 100.3 8.00 a 6185938.98 2337209.65 8.00
CONS2 100.3 100.3 100.3 Lw 100.3 8.00 a 6185935.78 2336767.86 8.00
CONS3 100.3 100.3 100.3 Lw 100.3 8.00 a 6185250.68 2336630.20 8.00
Area Source(s)
Name M.ID Result. PWL Result. PWL''Lw / Li Operating Time Height
Day Evening Night Day Evening Night Type Value norm.Day Special Night (ft)
(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)(dBA)dB(A)(min)(min)(min)
SITEBOUNDARY CONSTRUCTION 107.3 0.3 0.3 60.7 -46.3 -46.3 PWL-Pt 100.3 8 a
Urban Crossroads, Inc.77
Name ID Height Coordinates
Begin End x y z Ground
(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)(ft)
SITEBOUNDARY CONSTRUCTION 8.00 a 6185226.78 2337253.16 8.00 0.00
6185971.41 2337247.86 8.00 0.00
6185961.87 2336587.12 8.00 0.00
6185220.57 2336593.16 8.00 0.00
Urban Crossroads, Inc.78