HomeMy WebLinkAboutAppendix G - Paleo AssessmentPALEONTOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT FOR
THE 8155 BANANA AVENUE PROJECT
CITY OF FONTANA,
SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
APN 0230-041-60
Prepared for:
Lilburn Corporation
1905 Business Center Drive
San Bernardino, California 92408
Submitted to:
City of Fontana
Community Development Department
8353 Sierra Avenue
Fontana, California 92335
Prepared by:
Brian F. Smith and Associates, Inc.
14010 Poway Road, Suite A
Poway, California 92064
September 29, 2022
Paleontological Assessment for the 8155 Banana Avenue Project
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paleontological Database Information
Author: Todd A. Wirths, M.S., Senior Paleontologist, California
Professional Geologist No. 7588
Consulting Firm: Brian F. Smith and Associates, Inc.
14010 Poway Road, Suite A
Poway, California 92064
Report Date: September 29, 2022
Report Title: Paleontological Assessment for the 8155 Banana Avenue
Project, City of Fontana, San Bernardino County, California
Prepared for: Lilburn Corporation
1905 Business Center Drive
San Bernardino, California 92408
Submitted to: City of Fontana
Community Development Department
8353 Sierra Avenue
Fontana, California 92335
Prepared by: Brian F. Smith and Associates, Inc.
14010 Poway Road, Suite A
Poway, California 92064
USGS Quadrangle: USGS Fontana, California (7.5-minute) Quadrangle, Section 10,
Township 1 South, Range 6 West
Assessor’s Parcel Number: 0230-041-60
Study Area: 0.87 acre
Key Words: Paleontological assessment; Holocene alluvial fan deposits; low
sensitivity; monitoring not recommended; City of Fontana.
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Table of Contents
Section Page
I. INTRODUCTION AND LOCATION ...................................................................... 1
II. REGULATORY SETTING ...................................................................................... 1
State of California .................................................................................................... 4
City of Fontana ......................................................................................................... 4
III. GEOLOGY ................................................................................................................ 5
IV. PALEONTOLOGICAL RESOURCES ..................................................................... 7
Definition ................................................................................................................... 7
Fossil Locality Search ............................................................................................... 7
V. PALEONTOLOGICAL SENSITIVITY ................................................................... 7
Overview .................................................................................................................... 7
Professional Standards ............................................................................................. 8
City Assessment of Paleontological Sensitivity ........................................................ 8
VI. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................... 9
PRIMP ....................................................................................................................... 9
VII. CERTIFICATION ................................................................................................... 11
VIII. REFERENCES ....................................................................................................... 11
Appendices
Appendix A – Qualifications of Key Personnel
List of Figures
Figure Page
Figure 1 General Location Map ................................................................................ 2
Figure 2 Project Location Map .................................................................................. 3
Figure 3 Geologic Map .............................................................................................. 6
Paleontological Assessment for the 8155 Banana Avenue Project
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I. INTRODUCTION AND LOCATION
A paleontological resource assessment has been completed for the 8155 Banana Avenue
Project, located at 8155 Banana Avenue between Banana Avenue and Almond Avenue, south of
Foothill Boulevard, in the city of Fontana, San Bernardino County, California (Figures 1 and 2).
The project consists of one 0.87-acre parcel (Assessor’s Parcel Number [APN] 0230-041-60).
On the U.S. Geological Survey (7.5-minute), 1:24,000-scale Fontana, California topographic
quadrangle map, the project is situated in Section 10, Township 1 South, Range 6 West, of the
San Bernardino Baseline and Meridian. The project parcels are highly disturbed, having
previously been utilized for agricultural, industrial, and residential purposes throughout the latter
half of the twentieth century. As a result of the previous land use, the properties have been
repeatedly graded and cleared. The project parcel is being considered for redevelopment as a
three-story, 24-unit apartment complex.
As the lead agency, the City of Fontana has required the preparation of a paleontological
assessment to evaluate the project’s potential to yield paleontological resources. The
paleontological assessment of the project included a review of paleontological literature and
fossil locality records for a previous project in the area; a review of the underlying geology; and
recommendations to mitigate impacts to potential paleontological resources.
II. REGULATORY SETTING
The California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), which is patterned after the National
Environmental Policy Act, is the overriding environmental regulation that sets the requirement
for protecting California’s paleontological resources. CEQA mandates that governing permitting
agencies (lead agencies) set their own guidelines for the protection of nonrenewable
paleontological resources under their jurisdiction.
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State of California
Under “Guidelines for Implementation of the California Environmental Quality Act,” as
amended in December 2018 (California Code of Regulations [CCR] Title 14, Division 6,
Chapter 3, Sections 15000 et seq.), procedures define the types of activities, persons, and public
agencies required to comply with CEQA. Section 15063 of the CCR provides a process by
which a lead agency may review a project’s potential impact to the environment, whether the
impacts are significant, and provide recommendations, if necessary.
In CEQA’s Environmental Checklist Form, one of the questions to answer is, “Would the
project directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic
feature?” (Appendix G, Section VII, Part f). This is to ensure compliance with California Public
Resources Code Section 5097.5, the law that protects nonrenewable resources, including fossils,
which is paraphrased below:
a)A person shall not knowingly and willfully excavate upon, or remove, destroy,
injure or deface any historic or prehistoric ruins, burial grounds,
archaeological or vertebrate paleontological site, including fossilized
footprints, inscriptions made by human agency, rock art, or any other
archaeological, paleontological or historical feature, situated on public lands,
except with the express permission of the public agency having jurisdiction
over such lands.
b) As used in this section, “public lands” means lands owned by, or under the
jurisdiction of, the state, or any city, county, district, authority, or public
corporation, or any agency thereof.
c)A violation of this section is a misdemeanor.
City of Fontana
In the Final Environmental Impact Report (EIR) of the City of Fontana General
Plan Update 2015–2035, two paleontological resource mitigation measures are specified, MM-
CUL-4 and MM-CUL-5. MM-CUL-4 must be implemented before construction starts, while
MM-CUL-5 must be implemented before, during, and after construction (City of Fontana
2018a). The measures are as follows:
MM-CUL-4 A qualified paleontologist shall conduct a pre-construction field
survey of any project site within the Specific Plan Update area that is underlain by
older alluvium. The paleontologist shall submit a report of findings that provide
specific recommendations regarding further mitigation measures (i.e.,
paleontological monitoring) that may be appropriate.
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MM-CUL-5 Should mitigation monitoring of paleontological resources be
recommended for a specific project within the project site, the program shall
include, but not be limited to, the following measures:
•Assign a paleontological monitor, trained and equipped to allow the rapid
removal of fossils with minimal construction delay, to the site full-time
during the interval of earth-disturbing activities.
•Should fossils be found within an area being cleared or graded, earth-
disturbing activities shall be diverted elsewhere until the monitor has
completed salvage. If construction personnel make the discovery, the
grading contractor shall immediately divert construction and notify the
monitor of the find.
•All recovered fossils shall be prepared, identified, and curated for
documentation in the summary report and transferred to an appropriate
depository (i.e., San Bernardino County Museum).
A summary report shall be submitted to City of Fontana. Collected specimens
shall be transferred with [a] copy of [the] report to [the] San Bernardino County
Museum (City of Fontana 2018a).
III.GEOLOGY
The project is located near the western margin of the broad Lytle Creek alluvial fan that
emanates from the San Gabriel Mountains approximately six-to-seven miles to the northeast as a
result of uplift and dissection of the eastern San Gabriel Mountains. The main source of these
sediments is from the Lytle Creek drainage, near where the northwest-southeast-trending San
Andreas fault zone cuts across and separates the San Gabriel and San Bernardino Mountain
ranges (Morton and Miller 2006). Geomorphically, the project is relatively flat-lying, with a
gentle slope to the southwest (see Figures 2 and 3). The project is underlain by late Holocene-
aged (approximately within the last few thousand years) young alluvial fan deposits (yellow
areas with red dots labeled “Qyf5”), mostly composed of sand (Figure 3, after Morton and Miller
2006). Just west of the project are even younger, very young alluvial-fan deposits (light yellow
areas labeled “Qf”).
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IV. PALEONTOLOGICAL RESOURCES
Definition
Paleontological resources are the remains of prehistoric life that have been preserved in
geologic strata. These remains are called fossils and include bones, shells, teeth, and plant
remains (including their impressions, casts, and molds) in the sedimentary matrix, as well as
trace fossils such as footprints and burrows. Fossils are considered older than 5,000 years of age
(Society of Vertebrate Paleontology 2010) but may include younger remains (subfossils) when
viewed in the context of local extinction of the organism or habitat, for example. Fossils are
considered a nonrenewable resource under state, county, and local guidelines (Section II of this
report).
Fossil Locality Search
A paleontological records search was performed for the project, based on record searches
for prior projects by Brian F. Smith and Associates, and locality files of the Division of
Geological Sciences at the San Bernardino County Museum (SBCM) in Redlands and the
Vertebrate Paleontology Section of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County in Los
Angeles (LACM). The closest-known fossil localities are located approximately four miles
south of the project in Fontana, and include extinct species of Pleistocene mastodon, bison, and
camel at depths as shallow as five feet below the surface (SBCM localities [locs.] 5.1.14 to
5.1.21). Another fossil locality about 4.5 miles south of the current project included mammoth
remains at a depth of about 20 feet below the surface, in Ontario (SBCM loc. 5.1.8). The
nearest-known fossil locality held by the LACM (LACM Loc. 7811) is located in Eastvale,
Riverside County, about 11 miles southwest of the project, consisting of the fossil remains of a
Pleistocene whipsnake.
V. PALEONTOLOGICAL SENSITIVITY
Overview
The degree of paleontological sensitivity of any particular area is based on a number of
factors, including the documented presence of fossiliferous resources on a site or in nearby areas,
the presence of documented fossils within a particular geologic formation or lithostratigraphic
unit, and whether or not the original depositional environment of the sediments is one that might
have been conducive to the accumulation of organic remains that might have become fossilized
over time. Holocene alluvium is generally considered to be geologically too young to contain
significant nonrenewable paleontological resources (i.e., fossils) and is thus typically assigned a
low paleontological sensitivity. Pleistocene (over 11,700 years old) alluvial and alluvial fan
deposits in the Inland Empire, however, often yield important terrestrial vertebrate fossils, such
as extinct mammoths, mastodons, giant ground sloths, extinct species of horse, bison, camel,
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saber-toothed cats, and others (Jefferson 1991). These Pleistocene sediments are thus accorded a
High paleontological resource sensitivity.
Professional Standards
The Society of Vertebrate Paleontology (SVP 2010) has drafted guidelines that include
four categories of paleontological sensitivity for geologic units (formations) that might be
impacted by a proposed project, as listed below:
• High Potential: Rock units from which vertebrate or significant invertebrate, plant, or
trace fossils have been recovered.
• Undetermined Potential: Rock units for which little information is available concerning
their paleontological content, geologic age, and depositional environment, and that
further study is needed to determine the potential of the rock unit.
• Low Potential: Rock units that are poorly represented by fossil specimens in institutional
collections or based on a general scientific consensus that only preserve fossils in rare
circumstances.
• No Potential: Rock units that have no potential to contain significant paleontological
resources, such as high-grade metamorphic rocks and plutonic igneous rocks.
Using these criteria, based on the project’s distance from significant fossil localities
yielded by older, Pleistocene-aged alluvial deposits, the Holocene deposits at the project can be
considered to have a low potential to yield significant paleontological resources.
City Assessment of Paleontological Sensitivity
Section 5.4.1.5 of the City of Fontana’s draft EIR for the general plan (City of Fontana
2018b) describes the paleontological sensitivity of the strata underlying the city. Based on
Pleistocene vertebrate fossils recovered from the city’s southwestern area (SBCM locs. 5.1.11,
5.1.14 5.1.17, and 5.1.19 to 5.1.21), subsurface “older fan” Pleistocene deposits are considered
by the City to have a high potential for yielding fossils. The overlying “younger fan” deposits at
the surface are considered by the City as having no potential to yield significant paleontological
resources. This geologic scenario includes the project, and therefore the paleontological context.
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VI. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The existence of Holocene alluvial fan deposits at the project, and the lack of known
fossil specimens or fossil localities from within a several-mile radius encompassing the subject
property support the recommendation that paleontological monitoring need not be required
during earth disturbance activities at the 8155 Banana Avenue Project. However, if fossils of
any sort are discovered during grading and earthmoving activities, a paleontologist must be
retained to develop a Paleontological Resources Impact Mitigation Program (PRIMP) consistent
with the provisions of CEQA, those of the City of Fontana (2018a, 2018b), and those of the
guidelines of the SVP (2010). Implementation of the PRIMP would mitigate any adverse
impacts (loss or destruction) to potential nonrenewable paleontological resources, if present, to a
level below significant.
PRIMP
If fossils are inadvertently discovered, suggested guidelines for a PRIMP are outlined
below. The following suggested PRIMP guidelines, when implemented, would reduce potential
impacts to paleontological resources to a level below significant. Paleontological monitoring
may be reduced on the observations and recommendations of the professional-level project
paleontologist:
1. If paleontological resources are discovered during earth disturbance activities, the
discovery shall be cordoned off with a 100-foot radius buffer so as to protect the
discovery from further potential damage, and a county-qualified paleontologist shall
be consulted to assess the discovery.
If the discovery is determined to be significant by the paleontologist, a PRIMP shall be
implemented, which will include notification of appropriate personnel involved and monitoring
of earth disturbance activities:
1. Monitoring of mass grading and excavation activities in areas identified as likely to
contain paleontological resources shall be performed by a qualified paleontologist or
paleontological monitor. Monitoring will be conducted at the discretion of the
qualified paleontologist in areas of grading or excavation in undisturbed sedimentary
deposits.
2. Paleontological monitors will be equipped to salvage fossils as they are unearthed to
avoid construction delays. The monitor must be empowered to temporarily halt or
divert equipment to allow removal of abundant or large specimens in a timely
manner. Monitoring may be reduced if the potentially fossiliferous units are not
present in the subsurface, or, if present, are determined on exposure and examination
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by qualified paleontological personnel to have low potential to contain fossil
resources. The monitor shall notify the project paleontologist, who will then notify
the concerned parties of the discovery.
3. Paleontological salvage during trenching and boring activities is typically from the
generated spoils and does not delay the trenching or drilling activities. Fossils are
collected and placed in cardboard flats or plastic buckets and identified by field
number, collector, and date collected. Notes are taken on the map location and
stratigraphy of the site, which is photographed before it is vacated, and the fossils are
removed to a safe place. On mass grading projects, discovered fossil sites are
protected by flagging to prevent them from being overrun by earthmovers (scrapers)
before salvage begins. Fossils are collected in a similar manner, with notes and
photographs being taken before removing the fossils. Precise location of the site is
determined with the use of handheld GPS units. If the site involves remains from a
large terrestrial vertebrate, such as large bone(s) or a mammoth tusk, that is/are too
large to be easily removed by a single monitor, a fossil recovery crew shall excavate
around the find, encase the find within a plaster and burlap jacket, and remove it after
the plaster is set. For large fossils, use of the contractor’s construction equipment
may be solicited to help remove the jacket to a safe location.
4. Isolated fossils are collected by hand, wrapped in paper, and placed in temporary
collecting flats or five-gallon buckets. Notes are taken on the map location and
stratigraphy of the site, which is photographed before it is vacated, and the fossils are
removed to a safe place.
5. Particularly small invertebrate fossils typically represent multiple specimens of a
limited number of organisms, and a scientifically suitable sample can be obtained
from one to several five-gallon buckets of fossiliferous sediment. If it is possible to
dry screen the sediment in the field, a concentrated sample may consist of one or two
buckets of material. For vertebrate fossils, the test is usually the observed presence of
small pieces of bones within the sediments. If present, multiple five-gallon buckets
of sediment can be collected and returned to a separate facility to wet-screen the
sediment.
6. In accordance with the “Microfossil Salvage” section of the Society of Vertebrate
Paleontology guidelines (2010:7), bulk sampling and screening of fine-grained
sedimentary deposits (including carbonate-rich paleosols) must be performed if the
deposits are identified to possess indications of producing fossil “microvertebrates” to
test the feasibility of the deposit to yield fossil bones and teeth.
7. In the laboratory, individual fossils are cleaned of extraneous matrix, any breaks are
repaired, and the specimen, if needed, is stabilized by soaking in an archivally
approved acrylic hardener (e.g., a solution of acetone and Paraloid B-72).
8. Recovered specimens are prepared to a point of identification and permanent
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preservation (not display), including screen-washing sediments to recover small
invertebrates and vertebrates. Preparation of individual vertebrate fossils is often
more time-consuming than for accumulations of invertebrate fossils.
9.Identification and curation of specimens into a professional, accredited public
museum repository with a commitment to archival conservation and permanent
retrievable storage (e.g., the San Bernardino County Museum) shall be conducted.
The paleontological program should include a written repository agreement prior to
the initiation of mitigation activities. Prior to curation, the lead agency (e.g., the City
of Fontana) will be consulted on the repository/museum to receive the fossil material.
10.A final report of findings and significance will be prepared, including lists of all
fossils recovered and necessary maps and graphics to accurately record their original
location(s). The report, when submitted to, and accepted by, the appropriate lead
agency, will signify satisfactory completion of the project program to mitigate
impacts to any potential nonrenewable paleontological resources (i.e., fossils) that
might have been lost or otherwise adversely affected without such a program in place.
VII.CERTIFICATION
I hereby certify that the statements furnished above and in the attached exhibits present
the data and information required for this paleontological report, and that the facts, statements,
and information presented are true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief, and have
been compiled in accordance with CEQA criteria.
September 29, 2022
Todd A. Wirths Date
Senior Paleontologist
California Professional Geologist No. 7588
VIII.REFERENCES
City of Fontana. 2018a. Final Environmental Impact Report. Cultural Resources, Fontana
Forward General Plan Update 2015-2035. State Clearinghouse #2016021099.
https://www.fontana.org/DocumentCenter/View/29525/Final-Environmental-Impact-
Report-for-the-General-Plan-Update.
City of Fontana. 2018b. Draft Environmental Impact Report, Chapter 5.4. Cultural Resources,
Fontana Forward General Plan Update 2015-2035. https://www.fontana.org/Document
Center/View/26716/54-Cultural-Resources.
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DeLorme World Basemap. 2020. A seamless global data set with horizontal accuracy of +/- 50
meters. https://server.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/Specialty/DeLorme_World
_Base_Map/MapServer
Jefferson, G.T. 1991. A catalogue of late Quaternary vertebrates from California: Part two,
mammals. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Technical Reports, no. 7: i-
v + 1-129.
Morton, D.M. and Miller, F.K. 2006. Geologic map of the San Bernardino and Santa Ana 30' x
60' quadrangles, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 06-1217, scale
1:100,000.
Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2010. Standard procedures for the assessment and
mitigation of adverse impacts to paleontological resources; by the SVP Impact Mitigation
Guidelines Revision Committee. Electronic document, https://vertpaleo.org/wp-
content/uploads/2021/01/SVP_Impact_Mitigation_Guidelines-1.pdf.
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APPENDIX A
Qualifications of Key Personnel
To dd A. W ir ths , MS, PG No. 7588
Senior Paleontologist
Brian F. Smith and Associates, Inc.
14010 Poway Road Suite A
Phone: (858) 679-8218 Fax: (858) 679-9896 E-Mail: twirths@bfsa-ca.com
Education
Master of Science, Geological Sciences, San Diego State University, California 1995
Bachelor of Arts, Earth Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz 1992
Professional Certifications
California Professional Geologist #7588, 2003
Riverside County Approved Paleontologist
San Diego County Qualified Paleontologist
Orange County Certified Paleontologist
OSHA HAZWOPER 40-hour trained; current 8-hour annual refresher
Professional Memberships
Board member, San Diego Geological Society
San Diego Association of Geologists; past President (2012) and Vice President (2011)
South Coast Geological Society
Southern California Paleontological Society
Experience
Mr. Wirths has more than a dozen years of professional experience as a senior-level paleontologist
throughout southern California. He is also a certified California Professional Geologist. At BFSA, Mr.
Wirths conducts on-site paleontological monitoring, trains and supervises junior staff, and performs all
research and reporting duties for locations throughout Los Angeles, Ventura, San Bernardino, Riverside,
Orange, San Diego, and Imperial Counties. Mr. Wirths was formerly a senior project manager
conducting environmental investigations and remediation projects for petroleum hydrocarbon-
impacted sites across southern California.
Selected Recent Reports
2019 Paleontological Assessment for the 10575 Foothill Boulevard Project, City of Rancho Cucamonga,
San Bernardino County, California. Prepared for T&B Planning, Inc. Report on file at Brian F.
Smith and Associates, Inc., Poway, California.
2019 Paleontological Assessment for the MorningStar Marguerite Project, Mission Viejo, Orange
County, California. Prepared for T&B Planning. Report on file at Brian F. Smith and Associates,
Inc., Poway, California.
Brian F. Smith and Associates, Inc. 2
2019 Paleontological Monitoring Report for the Nimitz Crossing Project, City of San Diego. Prepared
for Voltaire 24, LP. Report on file at Brian F. Smith and Associates, Inc., Poway, California.
2019 Paleontological Resource Impact Mitigation Program (PRIMP) for the Jack Rabbit Trail Logistics
Center Project, City of Beaumont, Riverside County, California. Prepared for JRT BP 1, LLC.
Report on file at Brian F. Smith and Associates, Inc., Poway, California.
2020 Paleontological Monitoring Report for the Oceanside Beachfront Resort Project, Oceanside, San
California. Prepared for S.D. Malkin Properties. Report on file at Brian F. Smith and Associates,
Inc., Poway, California.
2020 Paleontological Resource Impact Mitigation Program for the Nakase Project, Lake Forest, Orange
County, San California. Prepared for Glenn Lukos Associates, Inc. Report on file at Brian F.
Smith and Associates, Inc., Poway, California.
2020 Paleontological Resource Impact Mitigation Program for the Sunset Crossroads Project, Banning,
Riverside County. Prepared for NP Banning Industrial, LLC. Report on file at Brian F. Smith and
Associates, Inc., Poway, California.
2020 Paleontological Assessment for the Ortega Plaza Project, Lake Elsinore, Riverside County.
Prepared for Empire Design Group. Report on file at Brian F. Smith and Associates, Inc.,
Poway, California.
2020 Paleontological Resource Record Search Update for the Green River Ranch III Project, Green River
Ranch Specific Plan SP00-001, City of Corona, California. Prepared for Western Realco. Report
on file at Brian F. Smith and Associates, Inc., Poway, California.
2020 Paleontological Assessment for the Cypress/Slover Industrial Center Project, City of Fontana, San
Bernardino County, California. Prepared for T&B Planning, Inc. Report on file at Brian F. Smith
and Associates, Inc., Poway, California.
2020 Paleontological Monitoring Report for the Imperial Landfill Expansion Project (Phase VI,
Segment C-2), Imperial County, California. Prepared for Republic Services, Inc. Report on file at
Brian F. Smith and Associates, Inc., Poway, California.
2021 Paleontological Assessment for the Manitou Court Logistics Center Project, City of Jurupa Valley,
Riverside County, California. Prepared for Link Industrial. Report on file at Brian F. Smith and
Associates, Inc., Poway, California.
2021 Paleontological Resource Impact Mitigation Program for the Del Oro (Tract 36852) Project,
Menifee, Riverside County. Prepared for D.R. Horton. Report on file at Brian F. Smith and
Associates, Inc., Poway, California.
2021 Paleontological Assessment for the Alessandro Corporate Center Project (Planning Case PR-2020-
000519), City of Riverside, Riverside County, California. Prepared for OZI Alessandro, LLC.
Report on file at Brian F. Smith and Associates, Inc., Poway, California.
2021 Paleontological Monitoring Report for the Boardwalk Project, La Jolla, City of San Diego.
Prepared for Project Management Advisors, Inc. Report on file at Brian F. Smith and
Associates, Inc., Poway, California.