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HomeMy WebLinkAboutAppendix F - Greenhouse Gas Emissions AssessmentCitrus East Project  City of Fontana Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration  June 2022 APPENDIX F ‐ GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS  ASSESSMENT Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment Citrus East Residential Development Project City of Fontana, California Prepared by: Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. 1100 W. Town and Country Road, Suite 700 Orange, California 92868 Contact: Mr. Ryan Chiene 714.705.1343 November 2021 City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | ii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Project Location and Setting ..................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Project Description .................................................................................................................... 1 2 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING 2.1 Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change ................................................................................... 5 3 REGULATORY SETTING 3.1 Federal ....................................................................................................................................... 7 3.2 State of California ...................................................................................................................... 9 3.3 Regional ................................................................................................................................... 15 3.4 Local ......................................................................................................................................... 17 4 SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA AND METHODOLOGY 4.1 Thresholds and Significant Criteria .......................................................................................... 18 4.2 Methodology ........................................................................................................................... 18 5 POTENTIAL GREENHOUSE GAS IMPACTS AND MITIGATION 5.1 Greenhouse Gas Emissions ..................................................................................................... 20 5.2 Greenhouse Gas Reduction Plan Compliance ......................................................................... 21 5.3 Cumulative Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures ......................................................... 27 6 REFERENCES References ............................................................................................................................... 28 TABLES Table 1 Description of Greenhouse Gases ............................................................................................. 6 Table 2 Construction-Related Greenhouse Gas Emissions .................................................................. 20 Table 3 Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions ......................................................................................... 21 Table 4 Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy Consistency ..................... 22 Table 5 Project Consistency with Applicable CARB Scoping Plan Measures ....................................... 23 EXHIBITS Exhibit 1 Regional Vicinity ........................................................................................................................ 2 Exhibit 2 Site Vicinity ................................................................................................................................ 3 Exhibit 3 Conceptual Site Plan .................................................................................................................. 4 APPENDIX Appendix A: Greenhouse Gas Emissions Data City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | iii LIST OF ABBREVIATED TERMS AB Assembly Bill CARB California Air Resource Board CCR California Code of Regulations CalEEMod California Emissions Estimator Model CEQA California Environmental Quality Act CALGreen Code California Green Building Standards Code CPUC California Public Utilities Commission CO2 carbon dioxide CO2e carbon dioxide equivalent CFC Chlorofluorocarbon CPP Clean Power Plan CCSP Climate Change Scoping Plan cy cubic yard EPA Environmental Protection Agency FCAA Federal Clean Air Act FR Federal Register GHG greenhouse gas HCFC Hydrochlorofluorocarbon HFC Hydrofluorocarbon LCFS Low Carbon Fuel Standard CH4 Methane MMTCO2e million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent MTCO2e million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent NHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety Administration NF3 nitrogen trifluoride N2O nitrous oxide PFC Perfluorocarbon RTP/SCS Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy SB Senate Bill SCAB South Coast Air Basin SCAQMD South Coast Air Quality Management District SCAG Southern California Association of Government Sf square foot SF6 sulfur hexafluoride TAC toxic air contaminants City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 1 1 INTRODUCTION This report documents the results of a Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment completed for the Citrus East Residential Development Project (“Project” or “Proposed Project”). The purpose of this Greenhouse Gas Emission Assessment is to evaluate the potential construction and operational emissions associated with the Project and determine the level of impact the Project would have on the environment. 1.1 Project Location and Setting The Project site is located at the northeast corner of the intersection of Citrus Avenue and Summit Avenue in the northern portion of the City of Fontana (City), within San Bernardino County (County); refer to Exhibit 1: Regional Vicinity. The Project site is located approximately 0.9 miles north of State Route 210 (SR-210), approximately 1.9 miles east of the Interstate 15 (I-15), 5.7 miles north of the Interstate 10 (I- 10), and approximately 7.5 miles west of Interstate 215 (I-215); Exhibit 2: Site Vicinity. The Project site is comprised of one parcel of approximately 8.65 acres in size and is currently vacant and undeveloped (Assessor’s Parcel Numbers [APN]: 0239-141-30). The site is surrounded by single-family residential developments to the north and east, Citrus Avenue and vacant land to the west, and Summit Avenue and Sierra Lakes Element School to the south. The current land use according to the City’s General Plan is (C-C) and is surrounded by residential land uses. 1.2 Project Description The Project proposes a Planned Unit Development (PUD) of 76 detached single-family “motorcourt” units with amenities, parking, landscaping, perimeter walls, and entry/exit gates on approximately 8.65 acres of land; refer to Exhibit 3: Conceptual Site Plan. The density would be 8.78 dwelling units per acre (du/ac), which would be similar to the maximum density in R-2 for attached/multi-family) of 12 du/ac and R-3 of 12-24 du/ac. Project Circulation Regional Project access would be from SR-210as well as I-15 via Citrus Avenue as well as Summit Avenue. Local access would be provided via Citrus Avenue and Summit Avenue. Project site ingress and egress would be via one gated driveway off of Summit Avenue. Parking The Project would be required to provide at least 238 parking stalls; however, the Project includes 347 parking stalls, see Exhibit 3. Project Phasing and Construction Project construction is anticipated to occur over a duration of approximately 12 months, commencing in December 2022. City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 2 Exhibit 1: Regional Vicinity City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 3 Exhibit 2: Site Vicinity City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 4 Exhibit 3: Conceptual Site Plan . City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 5 2 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING 2.1 Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change Certain gases in the earth’s atmosphere classified as GHGs, play a critical role in determining the earth’s surface temperature. Solar radiation enters the earth’s atmosphere from space. A portion of the radiation is absorbed by the earth’s surface and a smaller portion of this radiation is reflected back toward space. This absorbed radiation is then emitted from the earth as low-frequency infrared radiation. The frequencies at which bodies emit radiation are proportional to temperature. Because the earth has a much lower temperature than the sun, it emits lower-frequency radiation. Most solar radiation passes through GHGs; however, infrared radiation is absorbed by these gases. As a result, radiation that otherwise would have escaped back into space is instead “trapped,” resulting in a warming of the atmosphere. This phenomenon, known as the greenhouse effect, is responsible for maintaining a habitable climate on earth. The primary GHGs contributing to the greenhouse effect are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O). Fluorinated gases also make up a small fraction of the GHGs that contribute to climate change. Examples of fluorinated gases include chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), and nitrogen trifluoride (NF3); however, it is noted that these gases are not associated with typical land use development. Human-caused emissions of GHGs exceeding natural ambient concentrations are believed to be responsible for intensifying the greenhouse effect and leading to a trend of unnatural warming of the Earth’s climate, known as global climate change or global warming. GHGs are global pollutants, unlike criteria air pollutants and toxic air contaminants (TACs), which are pollutants of regional and local concern. Whereas pollutants with localized air quality effects have relatively short atmospheric lifetimes (about one day), GHGs have long atmospheric lifetimes (one to several thousand years). GHGs persist in the atmosphere for long enough time periods to be dispersed around the globe. Although the exact lifetime of a GHG molecule is dependent on multiple variables and cannot be pinpointed, more CO2 is emitted into the atmosphere than is sequestered by ocean uptake, vegetation, or other forms of carbon sequestration. Of the total annual human-caused CO2 emissions, approximately 55 percent is sequestered through ocean and land uptakes every year, averaged over the last 50 years, whereas the remaining 45 percent of human-caused CO2 emissions remains stored in the atmosphere.1 Table 1: Description of Greenhouse Gases describes the primary GHGs attributed to global climate change, including their physical properties. 1 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Carbon and Other Biogeochemical Cycles. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2013, https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg1/. City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 6 Table 1: Description of Greenhouse Gases Greenhouse Gas Description Carbon Dioxide (CO2) CO2 is a colorless, odorless gas that is emitted naturally and through human activities. Natural sources include decomposition of dead organic matter; respiration of bacteria, plants, animals, and fungus; evaporation from oceans; and volcanic outgassing. Anthropogenic sources are from burning coal, oil, natural gas, and wood. The largest source of CO2 emissions globally is the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and gas in power plants, automobiles, and industrial facilities. The atmospheric lifetime of CO2 is variable because it is readily exchanged in the atmosphere. CO2 is the most widely emitted GHG and is the reference gas (Global Warming Potential of 1) for determining Global Warming Potentials for other GHGs. Nitrous Oxide (N2O) N2O is largely attributable to agricultural practices and soil management. Primary human-related sources of N2O include agricultural soil management, sewage treatment, combustion of fossil fuels, and adipic and nitric acid production. N2O is produced from biological sources in soil and water, particularly microbial action in wet tropical forests. The atmospheric lifetime of N2O is approximately 120 years. The Global Warming Potential of N2O is 298. Methane (CH4) CH4, a highly potent GHG, primarily results from off-gassing (the release of chemicals from nonmetallic substances under ambient or greater pressure conditions) and is largely associated with agricultural practices and landfills. Methane is the major component of natural gas, about 87 percent by volume. Human-related sources include fossil fuel production, animal husbandry, rice cultivation, biomass burning, and waste management. Natural sources of CH4 include wetlands, gas hydrates, termites, oceans, freshwater bodies, non-wetland soils, and wildfires. The atmospheric lifetime of CH4 is about 12 years and the Global Warming Potential is 25. Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) HFCs are typically used as refrigerants for both stationary refrigeration and mobile air conditioning. The use of HFCs for cooling and foam blowing is increasing, as the continued phase out of CFCs and HCFCs gains momentum. The 100-year Global Warming Potential of HFCs range from 124 for HFC- 152 to 14,800 for HFC-23. Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) PFCs have stable molecular structures and only break down by ultraviolet rays about 60 kilometers above Earth’s surface. Because of this, they have long lifetimes, between 10,000 and 50,000 years. Two main sources of PFCs are primary aluminum production and semiconductor manufacturing. Global Warming Potentials range from 6,500 to 9,200. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) CFCs are gases formed synthetically by replacing all hydrogen atoms in methane or ethane with chlorine and/or fluorine atoms. They are nontoxic, nonflammable, insoluble, and chemically unreactive in the troposphere (the level of air at the earth’s surface). CFCs were synthesized in 1928 for use as refrigerants, aerosol propellants, and cleaning solvents. The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer prohibited their production in 1987. Global Warming Potentials for CFCs range from 3,800 to 14,400. Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) SF6 is an inorganic, odorless, colorless, and nontoxic, nonflammable gas. It has a lifetime of 3,200 years. This gas is manmade and used for insulation in electric power transmission equipment, in the magnesium industry, in semiconductor manufacturing, and as a tracer gas. The Global Warming Potential of SF6 is 23,900. Hydrochlorofluorocar bons (HCFCs) HCFCs are solvents, similar in use and chemical composition to CFCs. The main uses of HCFCs are for refrigerant products and air conditioning systems. As part of the Montreal Protocol, HCFCs are subject to a consumption cap and gradual phase out. The United States is scheduled to achieve a 100 percent reduction to the cap by 2030. The 100-year Global Warming Potentials of HCFCs range from 90 for HCFC-123 to 1,800 for HCFC-142b. Nitrogen Trifluoride (NF3) NF3 was added to Health and Safety Code section 38505(g)(7) as a GHG of concern. This gas is used in electronics manufacture for semiconductors and liquid crystal displays. It has a high global warming potential of 17,200. Source: Compiled from U.S. EPA, Overview of Greenhouse Gases, April 11, 2018 (https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/overview-greenhouse- gases); U.S. EPA, Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2016, 2018; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis, 2007; National Research Council, Advancing the Science of Climate Change, 2010; U.S. EPA, Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emission from Natural Sources, April 2010. City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 7 3 REGULATORY SETTING 3.1 Federal To date, national standards have not been established for nationwide GHG reduction targets, nor have any regulations or legislation been enacted specifically to address climate change and GHG emissions reduction at the project level. Various efforts have been promulgated at the federal level to improve fuel economy and energy efficiency to address climate change and its associated effects. Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (December 2007), among other key measures, requires the following, which would aid in the reduction of national GHG emissions: • Increase the supply of alternative fuel sources by setting a mandatory Renewable Fuel Standard requiring fuel producers to use at least 36 billion gallons of biofuel in 2022. • Set a target of 35 miles per gallon for the combined fleet of cars and light trucks by model year 2020 and direct the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to establish a fuel economy program for medium- and heavy-duty trucks and create a separate fuel economy standard for work trucks. • Prescribe or revise standards affecting regional efficiency for heating and cooling products and procedures for new or amended standards, energy conservation, energy efficiency labeling for consumer electronic products, residential boiler efficiency, electric motor efficiency, and home appliances. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Endangerment Finding The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) authority to regulate GHG emissions stems from the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Massachusetts v. EPA (2007). The Supreme Court ruled that GHGs meet the definition of air pollutants under the existing Federal Clean Air Act (FCAA) and must be regulated if these gases could be reasonably anticipated to endanger public health or welfare. Responding to the Court’s ruling, the EPA finalized an endangerment finding in December 2009. Based on scientific evidence it found that six GHGs (CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, and SF6) constitute a threat to public health and welfare. Thus, it is the Supreme Court’s interpretation of the existing FCAA and the EPA’s assessment of the scientific evidence that form the basis for the EPA’s regulatory actions. Federal Vehicle Standards In response to the U.S. Supreme Court ruling discussed above, Executive Order 13432 was issued in 2007 directing the EPA, the Department of Transportation, and the Department of Energy to establish regulations that reduce GHG emissions from motor vehicles, non-road vehicles, and non-road engines by 2008. In 2009, the NHTSA issued a final rule regulating fuel efficiency and GHG emissions from cars and light-duty trucks for model year 2011, and in 2010, the EPA and NHTSA issued a final rule regulating cars and light-duty trucks for model years 2012–2016. City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 8 In 2010, an Executive Memorandum was issued directing the Department of Transportation, Department of Energy, EPA, and NHTSA to establish additional standards regarding fuel efficiency and GHG reduction, clean fuels, and advanced vehicle infrastructure. In response to this directive, the EPA and NHTSA proposed stringent, coordinated federal GHG and fuel economy standards for model years 2017–2025 light-duty vehicles. The proposed standards projected to achieve 163 grams per mile of CO2 in model year 2025, on an average industry fleet-wide basis, which is equivalent to 54.5 miles per gallon if this level were achieved solely through fuel efficiency. The final rule was adopted in 2012 for model years 2017–2021, and NHTSA intends to set standards for model years 2022–2025 in a future rulemaking. On January 12, 2017, the EPA finalized its decision to maintain the current GHG emissions standards for model years 2022–2025 cars and light trucks. It should be noted that the U.S. EPA is currently proposing to freeze the vehicle fuel efficiency standards at their planned 2020 level (37 mpg), canceling any future strengthening (currently 54.5 mpg by 2026). In addition to the regulations applicable to cars and light-duty trucks described above, in 2011, the EPA and NHTSA announced fuel economy and GHG standards for medium- and heavy-duty trucks for model years 2014–2018. The standards for CO2 emissions and fuel consumption are tailored to three main vehicle categories: combination tractors, heavy-duty pickup trucks and vans, and vocational vehicles. According to the EPA, this regulatory program will reduce GHG emissions and fuel consumption for the affected vehicles by 6 to 23 percent over the 2010 baselines. In August 2016, the EPA and NHTSA announced the adoption of the phase two program related to the fuel economy and GHG standards for medium- and heavy-duty trucks. The phase two program will apply to vehicles with model year 2018 through 2027 for certain trailers, and model years 2021 through 2027 for semi-trucks, large pickup trucks, vans, and all types and sizes of buses and work trucks. The final standards are expected to lower CO2 emissions by approximately 1.1 billion metric tons and reduce oil consumption by up to 2 billion barrels over the lifetime of the vehicles sold under the program. In 2018, the President and the EPA stated their intent to halt various federal regulatory activities to reduce GHG emission, including the phase two program. California and other states have stated their intent to challenge federal actions that would delay or eliminate GHG reduction measures and have committed to cooperating with other countries to implement global climate change initiatives. On September 27, 2019, the EPA and the NHTSA published the “Safer Affordable Fuel-Efficient (SAFE) Vehicles Rule Part One: One National Program.” (84 Fed. Reg. 51,310 (Sept. 27, 2019.) The Part One Rule revokes California’s authority to set its own GHG emissions standards and set zero-emission vehicle mandates in California. On March 31, 2020, the EPA and NHTSA finalized rulemaking for SAFE Part Two sets CO2 emissions standards and corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards for passenger vehicles and light duty trucks, covering model years 2021-2026. Presidential Executive Order 13783 Presidential Executive Order 13783, Promoting Energy Independence and Economic Growth issued on March 28, 2017, orders all federal agencies to apply cost-benefit analyses to regulations of GHG emissions and evaluations of the social cost of CO2, N2O, and CH4. City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 9 3.2 State of California California Air Resources Board The California Air Resources Board (CARB) is responsible for the coordination and oversight of State and local air pollution control programs in California. Various statewide and local initiatives to reduce California’s contribution to GHG emissions have raised awareness about climate change and its potential for severe long-term adverse environmental, social, and economic effects. California is a significant emitter of CO2 equivalents (CO2e) in the world and produced 459 million gross metric tons of CO2e in 2013. In the State, the transportation sector is the largest emitter of GHGs, followed by industrial operations such as manufacturing and oil and gas extraction. The State of California legislature has enacted a series of bills that constitute the most aggressive program to reduce GHGs of any state in the nation. Some legislation, such as the landmark Assembly Bill (AB) 32, California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006, was specifically enacted to address GHG emissions. Other legislation, such as Title 24 building efficiency standards and Title 20 appliance energy standards, were originally adopted for other purposes such as energy and water conservation, but also provide GHG reductions. This section describes the major provisions of the legislation. Assembly Bill 32 (California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006) AB 32 instructs the CARB to develop and enforce regulations for the reporting and verification of statewide GHG emissions. AB 32 also directed CARB to set a GHG emissions limit based on 1990 levels, to be achieved by 2020. It set a timeline for adopting a scoping plan for achieving GHG reductions in a technologically and economically feasible manner. CARB Scoping Plan CARB adopted the Scoping Plan to achieve the goals of AB 32. The Scoping Plan establishes an overall framework for the measures that would be adopted to reduce California’s GHG emissions. CARB determined that achieving the 1990 emissions level would require a reduction of GHG emissions of approximately 29 percent below what would otherwise occur in 2020 in the absence of new laws and regulations (referred to as “business-as-usual”).2 The Scoping Plan evaluates opportunities for sector- specific reductions, integrates early actions and additional GHG reduction measures by both CARB and the State’s Climate Action Team, identifies additional measures to be pursued as regulations, and outlines the adopted role of a cap-and-trade program.3 Additional development of these measures and adoption of the appropriate regulations occurred through the end of 2013. Key elements of the Scoping Plan include: 2 CARB defines business-as-usual (BAU) in its Scoping Plan as emissions levels that would occur if California continued to grow and add new GHG emissions but did not adopt any measures to reduce emissions. Projections for each emission-generating sector were compiled and used to estimate emissions for 2020 based on 2002–2004 emissions intensities. Under CARB’s definition of BAU, new growth is assumed to have the same carbon intensities as was typical from 2002 through 2004. 3 The Climate Action Team, led by the secretary of the California Environmental Protection Agency, is a group of State agency secretaries and heads of agencies, boards, and departments. Team members work to coordinate statewide efforts to implement global warming emissions reduction programs and the State’s Climate Adaptation Strategy. City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 10  Expanding and strengthening existing energy efficiency programs, as well as building and appliance standards.  Achieving a statewide renewables energy mix of 33 percent by 2020.  Developing a California cap-and-trade program that links with other programs to create a regional market system and caps sources contributing 85 percent of California’s GHG emissions (adopted in 2011).  Establishing targets for transportation-related GHG emissions for regions throughout California and pursuing policies and incentives to achieve those targets (several sustainable community strategies have been adopted).  Adopting and implementing measures pursuant to existing State laws and policies, including California’s clean car standards, heavy-duty truck measures, the Low Carbon Fuel Standard (amendments to the Pavley Standard adopted 2009; Advanced Clean Car standard adopted 2012), goods movement measures, and the Low Carbon Fuel Standard (adopted 2009).  Creating targeted fees, including a public goods charge on water use, fees on gasses with high global warming potential, and a fee to fund the administrative costs of the State of California’s long-term commitment to AB 32 implementation. In 2012, CARB released revised estimates of the expected 2020 emissions reductions. The revised analysis relied on emissions projections updated in light of current economic forecasts that accounted for the economic downturn since 2008, reduction measures already approved and put in place relating to future fuel and energy demand, and other factors. This update reduced the projected 2020 emissions from 596 million metric tons of CO2e (MMTCO2e) to 545 MMTCO2e. The reduction in forecasted 2020 emissions means that the revised business-as-usual reduction necessary to achieve AB 32’s goal of reaching 1990 levels by 2020 is now 21.7 percent, down from 29 percent. CARB also provided a lower 2020 inventory forecast that incorporated State-led GHG emissions reduction measures already in place. When this lower forecast is considered, the necessary reduction from business-as-usual needed to achieve the goals of AB 32 is approximately 16 percent. CARB adopted the first major update to the Scoping Plan on May 22, 2014. The updated Scoping Plan summarizes the most recent science related to climate change, including anticipated impacts to California and the levels of GHG emissions reductions necessary to likely avoid risking irreparable damage. It identifies the actions California has already taken to reduce GHG emissions and focuses on areas where further reductions could be achieved to help meet the 2020 target established by AB 32. In 2016, the Legislature passed Senate Bill (SB) 32, which codifies a 2030 GHG emissions reduction target of 40 percent below 1990 levels. With SB 32, the Legislature passed companion legislation, AB 197, which provides additional direction for developing the Scoping Plan. On December 14, 2017 CARB adopted a second update to the Scoping Plan.4 The 2017 Scoping Plan details how the State will reduce GHG emissions to meet the 2030 target set by Executive Order B-30-15 and codified by SB 32. Other objectives listed in the 2017 Scoping plan are to provide direct GHG emissions reductions; support climate investment in disadvantaged communities; and support the Clean Power Plan and other Federal actions. 4 California Air Resources Board, California’s 2017 Climate Change Scoping Plan, https://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/scopingplan/scoping_plan_2017.pdf, accessed November 3, 2021. City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 11 Senate Bill 32 (California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006: Emissions Limit) Signed into law in September 2016, SB 32 codifies the 2030 GHG reduction target in Executive Order B- 30-15 (40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030). The bill authorizes CARB to adopt an interim GHG emissions level target to be achieved by 2030. CARB also must adopt rules and regulations in an open public process to achieve the maximum, technologically feasible, and cost-effective GHG reductions. SB 375 (The Sustainable Communities and Climate Protection Act of 2008) Signed into law on September 30, 2008, SB 375 provides a process to coordinate land use planning, regional transportation plans, and funding priorities to help California meet the GHG reduction goals established by AB 32. SB 375 requires metropolitan planning organizations to include sustainable community strategies in their regional transportation plans for reducing GHG emissions, aligns planning for transportation and housing, and creates specified incentives for the implementation of the strategies. AB 1493 (Pavley Regulations and Fuel Efficiency Standards) AB 1493, enacted on July 22, 2002, required CARB to develop and adopt regulations that reduce GHGs emitted by passenger vehicles and light duty trucks. Implementation of the regulation was delayed by lawsuits filed by automakers and by the EPA’s denial of an implementation waiver. The EPA subsequently granted the requested waiver in 2009, which was upheld by the by the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia in 2011. The regulations establish one set of emission standards for model years 2009–2016 and a second set of emissions standards for model years 2017 to 2025. By 2025, when all rules will be fully implemented, new automobiles will emit 34 percent fewer CO2e emissions and 75 percent fewer smog- forming emissions. SB 1368 (Emission Performance Standards) SB 1368 is the companion bill of AB 32, which directs the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) to adopt a performance standard for GHG emissions for the future power purchases of California utilities. SB 1368 limits carbon emissions associated with electrical energy consumed in California by forbidding procurement arrangements for energy longer than 5 years from resources that exceed the emissions of a relatively clean, combined cycle natural gas power plant. The new law effectively prevents California’s utilities from investing in, otherwise financially supporting, or purchasing power from new coal plants located in or out of the State. The CPUC adopted the regulations required by SB 1368 on August 29, 2007. The regulations implementing SB 1368 establish a standard for baseload generation owned by, or under long-term contract to publicly owned utilities, for 1,100 pounds of CO2 per megawatt-hour. SB 1078 and SBX1-2 (Renewable Electricity Standards) SB 1078 requires California to generate 20 percent of its electricity from renewable energy by 2017. SB 107 changed the due date to 2010 instead of 2017. On November 17, 2008, Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger signed Executive Order S-14-08, which established a Renewable Portfolio Standard target for California requiring that all retail sellers of electricity serve 33 percent of their load with renewable energy by 2020. Executive Order S-21-09 also directed CARB to adopt a regulation by July 31, 2010, requiring the State’s load serving entities to meet a 33 percent renewable energy target by 2020. CARB approved the Renewable Electricity Standard on September 23, 2010 by Resolution 10-23. SBX1-2, which codified the 33 percent by 2020 goal. City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 12 SB 350 (Clean Energy and Pollution Reduction Act of 2015) Signed into law on October 7, 2015, SB 350 implements the goals of Executive Order B-30-15. The objectives of SB 350 are to increase the procurement of electricity from renewable sources from 33 percent to 50 percent (with interim targets of 40 percent by 2024, and 25 percent by 2027) and to double the energy efficiency savings in electricity and natural gas end uses of retail customers through energy efficiency and conservation. SB 350 also reorganizes the Independent System Operator to develop more regional electricity transmission markets and improve accessibility in these markets, which will facilitate the growth of renewable energy markets in the western United States. AB 398 (Market-Based Compliance Mechanisms) Signed on July 25, 2017, AB 398 extended the duration of the Cap-and-Trade program from 2020 to 2030. AB 398 required CARB to update the Scoping Plan and for all GHG rules and regulations adopted by the State. It also designated CARB as the statewide regulatory body responsible for ensuring that California meets its statewide carbon pollution reduction targets, while retaining local air districts’ responsibility and authority to curb toxic air contaminants and criteria pollutants from local sources that severely impact public health. AB 398 also decreased free carbon allowances over 40 percent by 2030 and prioritized Cap- and-Trade spending to various programs including reducing diesel emissions in impacted communities. SB 150 (Regional Transportation Plans) Signed on October 10, 2017, SB 150 aligns local and regional GHG reduction targets with State targets (i.e., 40 percent below their 1990 levels by 2030). SB 150 creates a process to include communities in discussions on how to monitor their regions’ progress on meeting these goals. The bill also requires the CARB to regularly report on that progress, as well as on the successes and the challenges regions experience associated with achieving their targets. SB 150 provides for accounting of climate change efforts and GHG reductions and identify effective reduction strategies. SB 100 (California Renewables Portfolio Standard Program: Emissions of Greenhouse Gases) Signed into Law in September 2018, SB 100 increased California’s renewable electricity portfolio from 50 to 60 percent by 2030. SB 100 also established a further goal to have an electric grid that is entirely powered by clean energy by 2045. CARB Advanced Clean Truck Regulation CARB adopted the Advanced Clean Truck Regulation in June 2020 requiring truck manufacturers to transition from diesel trucks and vans to electric zero-emission trucks beginning in 2024. By 2045, every new truck sold in California is required to be zero-emission. This rule directly addresses disproportionate risks and health and pollution burdens and puts California on the path for an all zero-emission short-haul drayage fleet in ports and railyards by 2035, and zero-emission “last-mile” delivery trucks and vans by 2040. The Advanced Clean Truck Regulation accelerates the transition of zero-emission medium-and heavy-duty vehicles from Class 2b to Class 8. The regulation has two components including a manufacturer sales requirement, and a reporting requirement:  Zero-Emission Truck Sales: Manufacturers who certify Class 2b through 8 chassis or complete vehicles with combustion engines are required to sell zero-emission trucks as an increasing City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 13 percentage of their annual California sales from 2024 to 2035. By 2035, zero-emission truck/chassis sales need to be 55 percent of Class 2b – 3 truck sales, 75 percent of Class 4 – 8 straight truck sales, and 40 percent of truck tractor sales.  Company and Fleet Reporting: Large employers including retailers, manufacturers, brokers and others would be required to report information about shipments and shuttle services. Fleet owners, with 50 or more trucks, would be required to report about their existing fleet operations. This information would help identify future strategies to ensure that fleets purchase available zero-emission trucks and place them in service where suitable to meet their needs. Executive Orders Related to GHG Emissions California’s Executive Branch has taken several actions to reduce GHGs using executive orders. Although not regulatory, they set the tone for the State and guide the actions of state agencies. Executive Order S-3-05 Executive Order S-3-05 was issued on June 1, 2005, which established the following GHG emissions reduction targets:  By 2010, reduce GHG emissions to 2000 levels.  By 2020, reduce GHG emissions to 1990 levels.  By 2050, reduce GHG emissions to 80 percent below 1990 levels. The 2050 reduction goal represents what some scientists believe is necessary to reach levels that will stabilize the climate. The 2020 goal was established to be a mid-term target. Because this is an executive order, the goals are not legally enforceable for local governments or the private sector. Executive Order S-01-07 Issued on January 18, 2007, Executive Order S 01-07 mandates that a statewide goal shall be established to reduce the carbon intensity of California’s transportation fuels by at least 10 percent by 2020. The executive order established a Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) and directed the Secretary for Environmental Protection to coordinate the actions of the California Energy Commission, CARB, the University of California, and other agencies to develop and propose protocols for measuring the “life-cycle carbon intensity” of transportation fuels. CARB adopted the LCFS on April 23, 2009. Executive Order S-13-08 Issued on November 14, 2008, Executive Order S-13-08 facilitated the California Natural Resources Agency development of the 2009 California Climate Adaptation Strategy. Objectives include analyzing risks of climate change in California, identifying and exploring strategies to adapt to climate change, and specifying a direction for future research. City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 14 Executive Order S-14-08 Issued on November 17, 2008, Executive Order S-14-08 expands the State’s Renewable Energy Standard to 33 percent renewable power by 2020. Additionally, Executive Order S-21-09 (signed on September 15, 2009) directs CARB to adopt regulations requiring 33 percent of electricity sold in the State come from renewable energy by 2020. CARB adopted the Renewable Electricity Standard on September 23, 2010, which requires 33 percent renewable energy by 2020 for most publicly owned electricity retailers. Executive Order S-21-09 Issued on July 17, 2009, Executive Order S-21-09 directs CARB to adopt regulations to increase California's RPS to 33 percent by 2020. This builds upon SB 1078 (2002), which established the California RPS program, requiring 20 percent renewable energy by 2017, and SB 107 (2006), which advanced the 20 percent deadline to 2010, a goal which was expanded to 33 percent by 2020 in the 2005 Energy Action Plan II. Executive Order B-30-15 Issued on April 29, 2015, Executive Order B-30-15 established a California GHG reduction target of 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030 and directs CARB to update the Climate Change Scoping Plan to express the 2030 target in terms of million metric tons of CO2e (MMTCO2e). The 2030 target acts as an interim goal on the way to achieving reductions of 80 percent below 1990 levels by 2050, a goal set by Executive Order S-3-05. The executive order also requires the State’s climate adaptation plan to be updated every three years and for the State to continue its climate change research program, among other provisions. With the enactment of SB 32 in 2016, the Legislature codified the goal of reducing GHG emissions by 2030 to 40 percent below 1990 levels. Executive Order B-55-18 Issued on September 10, 2018, Executive Order B-55-18 establishes a goal to achieve carbon neutrality as soon as possible, and no later than 2045, and achieve and maintain net negative emissions thereafter. This goal is in addition to the existing statewide targets of reducing GHG emissions. The executive order requires CARB to work with relevant state agencies to develop a framework for implementing this goal. It also requires CARB to update the Scoping Plan to identify and recommend measures to achieve carbon neutrality. The executive order also requires state agencies to develop sequestration targets in the Natural and Working Lands Climate Change Implementation Plan. Executive Order N-79-20 Signed in September 2020, Executive Order N-79-20 establishes as a goal that where feasible, all new passenger cars and trucks, as well as all drayage/cargo trucks and off-road vehicles and equipment, sold in California, will be zero-emission by 2035. The executive order sets a similar goal requiring that all medium and heavy-duty vehicles will be zero-emission by 2045 where feasible. It also directs CARB to develop and propose rulemaking for passenger vehicles and trucks, medium-and heavy-duty fleets where feasible, drayage trucks, and off-road vehicles and equipment “requiring increasing volumes” of new zero emission vehicles (ZEVs) “towards the target of 100 percent.” The executive order directs the California Environmental Protection Agency, the California Geologic Energy Management Division (CalGEM), and the California Natural Resources Agency to transition and repurpose oil production facilities with a goal City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 15 toward meeting carbon neutrality by 2045. Executive Order N-79-20 builds upon the CARB Advanced Clean Trucks regulation, which was adopted by CARB in July 2020. California Regulations and Building Codes California has a long history of adopting regulations to improve energy efficiency in new and remodeled buildings. These regulations have kept California’s energy consumption relatively flat even with rapid population growth. Title 20 Appliance Efficiency Regulations The appliance efficiency regulations (California Code of Regulations [CCR] Title 20, Sections 1601-1608) include standards for new appliances. Twenty-three categories of appliances are included in the scope of these regulations. These standards include minimum levels of operating efficiency, and other cost- effective measures, to promote the use of energy- and water-efficient appliances. Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards California’s Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and Nonresidential Buildings (CCR Title 24, Part 6), was first adopted in 1978 in response to a legislative mandate to reduce California’s energy consumption. The standards are updated periodically to allow consideration and possible incorporation of new energy efficient technologies and methods. Energy efficient buildings require less electricity; therefore, increased energy efficiency reduces fossil fuel consumption and decreases GHG emissions. The 2016 Building Energy Efficiency Standards approved on January 19, 2016 went into effect on January 1, 2017. The 2019 Building Energy Efficiency Standards were adopted on May 9, 2018 and went into effect on January 1, 2020. Under the 2019 standards, homes will use about 53 percent less energy and nonresidential buildings will use about 30 percent less energy than buildings under the 2016 standards. Title 24 California Green Building Standards Code The California Green Building Standards Code (CCR Title 24, Part 11 code) commonly referred to as the CALGreen Code, is a statewide mandatory construction code developed and adopted by the California Building Standards Commission and the Department of Housing and Community Development. The CALGreen standards require new residential and commercial buildings to comply with mandatory measures under the topics of planning and design, energy efficiency, water efficiency/conservation, material conservation and resource efficiency, and environmental quality. CALGreen also provides voluntary tiers and measures that local governments may adopt that encourage or require additional measures in the five green building topics. The most recent update to the CALGreen Code went into effect January 1, 2017. Updates to the 2016 CALGreen Code took take effect on January 1, 2020 (2019 CALGreen). The 2019 CALGreen standards will continue to improve upon the existing standards for new construction of, and additions and alterations to, residential and nonresidential buildings. 3.3 Regional South Coast Air Quality Management District Thresholds The South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) formed a GHG California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Significance Threshold Working Group to provide guidance to local lead agencies on City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 16 determining significance for GHG emissions in their CEQA documents. As of the last Working Group meeting (Meeting 15) held in September 2010, the SCAQMD is proposing to adopt a tiered approach for evaluating GHG emissions for development projects where SCAQMD is not the lead agency. With the tiered approach, the Project is compared with the requirements of each tier sequentially and would not result in a significant impact if it complies with any tier. Tier 1 excludes projects that are specifically exempt from SB 97 from resulting in a significant impact. Tier 2 excludes projects that are consistent with a GHG reduction plan that has a certified final CEQA document and complies with AB 32 GHG reduction goals. Tier 3 excludes projects with annual emissions lower than a screening threshold. For all industrial projects, the SCAQMD is proposing a screening threshold of 3,000 million tons of CO2e (MTCO2e) per year. SCAQMD concluded that projects with emissions less than the screening threshold would not result in a significant cumulative impact. Tier 4 consists of three decision tree options. Under the Tier 4 first option, SCAQMD initially outlined that a project would be excluded if design features and/or mitigation measures resulted in emissions 30 percent lower than business as usual emissions. However, the Working Group did not provide a recommendation for this approach. The Working Group folded the Tier 4 second option into the third option. Under the Tier 4 third option, a project would be excluded if it was below an efficiency-based threshold of 4.8 MTCO2e per service population per year. Tier 5 would exclude projects that implement offsite mitigation (GHG reduction projects) or purchase offsets to reduce GHG emission impacts to less than the proposed screening level. GHG efficiency metrics are utilized as thresholds to assess the GHG efficiency of a project on a per capita basis or on a service population basis (the sum of the number of jobs and the number of residents provided by a project) such that a project would allow for consistency with the goals of AB 32 (i.e. 1990 GHG emissions levels by 2020 and 2035). GHG efficiency thresholds can be determined by dividing the GHG emissions inventory goal of the State, by the estimated 2035 population and employment. This method allows highly efficient projects with higher mass emissions to meet the overall reduction goals of AB 32, and is appropriate, because the threshold can be applied evenly to all project types (residential or commercial/retail only and mixed use). The screening threshold for residential projects is 3,000 MTCO2e per year according to both the City of Fontana and SCAQMD. Therefore, the GHG threshold of 3,000 MTCO2e per year will be the threshold utilized to evaluate GHG emissions from the proposed residential Project. Southern California Association of Governments On September 3, 2020, the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) Regional Council adopted the 2020-2045 Regional Transportation Plan/ Sustainable Communities Strategy (2020 RTP/SCS). The 2020 RTP/SCS charts a course for closely integrating land use and transportation so that the region can grow smartly and sustainably. The strategy was prepared through a collaborative, continuous, and comprehensive process with input from local governments, county transportation commissions, tribal governments, non-profit organizations, businesses and local stakeholders within the counties of Imperial, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, and Ventura. The RTP/SCS is a long-range vision plan that balances future mobility and housing needs with economic, environmental, and public health goals. The SCAG region strives toward sustainability through integrated land use and transportation planning. The SCAG region must achieve specific federal air quality standards and is required by state law to lower regional GHG emissions. City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 17 3.4 Local City of Fontana General Plan The City of Fontana’s General Plan outlines the concerns of the community and the means of addressing those concerns. Chapter 9, Community Mobility and Circulation focuses on connecting neighborhoods and city destinations by expanding transportation choices in Fontana. General Plan policies that relate to greenhouse gas impacts include the following: Goal 4: Fontana meets the greenhouse gas reduction goals for 2030 and subsequent goals set by the state. Policy 4-1: Continue to collaborate with the San Bernardino County Transportation Agency (SBCTA), infrastructure agencies, and utilities on greenhouse gas reduction studies and goals. Goal 7: The City of Fontana participates in shaping regional transportation policies to reduce traffic congestion and greenhouse gas emissions Policy 7-3: Participate in the efforts of the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) to coordinate transportation planning and services that support greenhouse gas reduction. City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 18 4 SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA AND METHODOLOGY 4.1 Thresholds and Significance Criteria Addressing GHG emissions generation impacts requires an agency to determine what constitutes a significant impact. The amendments to the CEQA Guidelines specifically allow lead agencies to determine thresholds of significance that illustrate the extent of an impact and are a basis from which to apply mitigation measures. This means that each agency is left to determine whether a project’s GHG emissions will have a “significant” impact on the environment. The guidelines direct that agencies are to use “careful judgment” and “make a good-faith effort, based to the extent possible on scientific and factual data, to describe, calculate or estimate” the project’s GHG emissions.5 Based upon the criteria derived from Appendix G of the CEQA Guidelines, a project normally would have a significant effect on the environment if it would:  Generate GHG emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment, based on any applicable threshold of significance; or  Conflict with any applicable plan, policy or regulation of an agency adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of GHGs. South Coast Air Quality Management District Thresholds The SCAQMD has not announced when staff is expecting to present a finalized version of its GHG thresholds to the governing board. On September 28, 2010, the SCAQMD recommended an interim screening level numeric “bright‐line” threshold of 3,000 metric tons per year of CO2e for commercial and residential land uses. These efficiency-based thresholds were developed as part of the SCAQMD GHG CEQA Significance Threshold Working Group. This working group was formed to assist SCAQMD’s efforts to develop a GHG significance threshold and is composed of a wide variety of stakeholders including the State Office of Planning and Research, CARB, the Attorney General’s Office, a variety of city and county planning departments in the SCAB, various utilities such as sanitation and power companies throughout the SCAB, industry groups, and environmental and professional organizations. The numeric “bright line” was developed to be consistent with CEQA requirements for developing significance thresholds, are supported by substantial evidence, and provides guidance to CEQA practitioners in determining whether GHG emissions from a proposed project are significant. The screening threshold for residential projects is 3,000 MTCO2e per year according to both the City of Fontana and SCAQMD. Therefore, the GHG threshold of 3,000 MTCO2e per year will be the threshold utilized to evaluate GHG emissions from the proposed residential Project. 4.2 Methodology The Project’s construction and operational emissions were calculated using the California Emissions Estimator Model version 2020.4.0 (CalEEMod). Details of the modeling assumptions and emission factors are provided in Appendix A: Greenhouse Gas Emissions Data. For construction, CalEEMod calculates emissions from off-road equipment usage and on-road vehicle travel associated with haul, delivery, and 5 14 California Code of Regulations, Section 15064.4a City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 19 construction worker trips. GHG emissions during construction were forecasted based on the proposed construction schedule and applying the mobile-source and fugitive dust emissions factors derived from CalEEMod. The Project’s construction-related GHG emissions would be generated from off-road construction equipment, on-road hauling and vendor (material delivery) trucks, and worker vehicles. The Project’s operational-related GHG emissions would be generated by vehicular traffic, area sources (e.g., landscaping maintenance, consumer products), electrical generation, natural gas consumption, water supply and wastewater treatment, and solid waste. City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 20 5 POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION 5.1 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Threshold 5.1 Would the Project generate GHG emissions, either directly or indirectly, that could have a significant impact on the environment? Short-Term Construction Greenhouse Gas Emissions The Project would result in direct emissions of GHGs from construction. The approximate quantity of daily GHG emissions generated by construction equipment utilized to build the Project is depicted in Table 2: Construction-Related Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Table 2: Construction-Related Greenhouse Gas Emissions Category MTCO2e 2022 Construction 148.45 2023 Construction 614.01 Total Construction Emissions 762.46 30-Year Amortized Construction 25.42 Source: CalEEMod version 2020.4.0. Refer to Appendix A for model outputs. As shown, the Project would result in the generation of approximately 762.46 MTCO2e over the course of construction. Construction GHG emissions are typically summed and amortized over the lifetime of the Project (assumed to be 30 years), then added to the operational emissions.6 The amortized Project construction emissions would be 25.42 MTCO2e per year. Once construction is complete, the generation of these GHG emissions would cease. Long-Term Operational Greenhouse Gas Emissions Operational or long-term emissions occur over the life of the Project. GHG emissions would result from direct emissions such as Project generated vehicular traffic, on-site combustion of natural gas, and operation of any landscaping equipment. Operational GHG emissions would also result from indirect sources, such as off-site generation of electrical power, the energy required to convey water to, and wastewater from the Project, the emissions associated with solid waste generated from the Project, and any fugitive refrigerants from air conditioning or refrigerators. Total GHG emissions associated with the Project are summarized in Table 3: Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions. As shown in Table 3, the Project would generate approximately 862.64 MTCO2e annually from both construction and operations and the Project. Project-related GHG emissions would not exceed the City’s 3,000 MTCO2e per year threshold. Therefore, the Project would have a less than significant impact on GHG emissions. 6 The project lifetime is based on the standard 30-year assumption of the South Coast Air Quality Management District (South Coast Air Quality Management District, Minutes for the GHG CEQA Significance Threshold Stakeholder Working Group #13, August 26, 2009). City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 21 Table 3: Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Emissions Source MTCO2e per Year Construction Amortized Over 30 Years 25.42 Area Source 16.92 Energy 120.52 Mobile 656.65 Waste 17.68 Water 25.44 Total 862.64 SCAQMD Project Threshold 3,000 Exceeds Threshold? No Source: CalEEMod version 2020.4.0. Refer to Appendix A for model outputs. Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required. Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact. 5.2 Greenhouse Gas Reduction Plan Compliance Threshold 5.2 Would the Project conflict with an applicable plan, policy, or regulation of an agency adopted for the purpose of reducing GHG emissions? SCAG RTP/SCS Consistency On September 3, 2020, SCAG’s Regional Council adopted Connect SoCal (2020 - 2045 Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy [2020 RTP/SCS]). The RTP/SCS is a long-range visioning plan that balances future mobility and housing needs with economic, environmental, and public health goals. The RTP/SCS embodies a collective vision for the region’s future and is developed with input from local governments, county transportation commissions, tribal governments, nonprofit organizations, businesses, and local stakeholders in the counties of Imperial, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, and Ventura. SCAG’s RTP/SCS establishes GHG emissions goals for automobiles and light-duty trucks for 2020 and 2035 as well as an overall GHG target for the Project region consistent with both the target date of AB 32 and the post-2020 GHG reduction goals of Executive Orders 5-03-05 and B-30-15. The RTP/SCS contains over 4,000 transportation projects, ranging from highway improvements, railroad grade separations, bicycle lanes, new transit hubs and replacement bridges. These future investments were included in county plans developed by the six county transportation commissions and seek to reduce traffic bottlenecks, improve the efficiency of the region’s network, and expand mobility choices for everyone. The RTP/SCS is an important planning document for the region, allowing project sponsors to qualify for federal funding. The plan accounts for operations and maintenance costs to ensure reliability, longevity, and cost effectiveness. The RTP/SCS is also supported by a combination of transportation and land use strategies City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 22 that help the region achieve state GHG emissions reduction goals and Federal Clean Air Act (FCAA) requirements, preserve open space areas, improve public health and roadway safety, support our vital goods movement industry, and utilize resources more efficiently. GHG emissions resulting from development-related mobile sources are the most potent source of emissions, and therefore Project comparison to the RTP/SCS is an appropriate indicator of whether the Project would inhibit the post-2020 GHG reduction goals promulgated by the state. The Project’s consistency with the RTP/SCS goals is analyzed in detail in Table 4: Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy Consistency. Table 4: Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy Consistency SCAG Goals Compliance GOAL 1: Encourage regional economic prosperity and global competitiveness. N/A. This is not a project-specific policy and is therefore not applicable. However, the Project is located on a vacant site and development of the site would contribute to regional economic prosperity. GOAL 2: Improve mobility, accessibility, reliability, and travel safety for people and goods. Consistent. Although this Project is not a transportation improvement project, the Project is located near existing Omnitrans transit routes (Route 82) on Citrus Avenue. GOAL 3: Enhance the preservation, security, and resilience of the regional transportation system. N/A. This is not a transportation improvement project and is therefore not applicable. GOAL 4: Increase person and goods movement and travel choices within the transportation system. N/A. This is not a transportation improvement project and is therefore not applicable. GOAL 5: Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve air quality. Consistent. The Project is located within a suburban area in proximity to existing employment centers and community services. Location of the Project within a developed area would reduce trip lengths, which would reduce GHG and air quality emissions. GOAL 6: Support healthy and equitable communities Consistent. The Project does not exceed state and localized thresholds. Based on the Friant Ranch decision, projects that would exceed the SCAQMD’s LSTs would not violate any air quality standards or contribute substantially to an existing or projected air quality violation and result in no criteria pollutant health impacts. GOAL 7: Adapt to a changing climate and support an integrated regional development pattern and transportation network. N/A. This is not a project-specific policy and is therefore not applicable. GOAL 8: Leverage new transportation technologies and data-driven solutions that result in more efficient travel. N/A. This is not a project-specific policy and is therefore not applicable. GOAL 9: Encourage development of diverse housing types in areas that are supported by multiple transportation options. Consistent. The Project involves development of residential housing that will provide the community with more housing options. The Project is located within a relatively short walking distance to local bus routes and is surrounded by connected sidewalks and bicycle lanes to allow for multimodal transportation. GOAL 10: Promote conservation of natural and agricultural lands and restoration of habitats. N/A. This the Project is located on an undeveloped site surrounded by residential neighborhoods and is unlikely to house natural resources. Additionally, the Project is not located on agricultural lands. Source: Southern California Association of Governments, Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy, 2020. City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 23 Compliance with applicable State standards would ensure consistency with State and regional GHG reduction planning efforts. The goals stated in the RTP/SCS were used to determine consistency with the planning efforts previously stated. As shown in Table 4, the proposed Project would be consistent with the stated goals of the RTP/SCS. Therefore, the proposed Project would not result in any significant impacts or interfere with SCAG’s ability to achieve the region’s post-2020 mobile source GHG reduction targets. Consistency with the CARB Scoping Plan The California State Legislature adopted AB 32 in 2006. AB 32 focuses on reducing GHGs (CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, and SF6) to 1990 levels by the year 2020. Pursuant to the requirements in AB 32, CARB adopted the Climate Change Scoping Plan (Scoping Plan) in 2008, which outlines actions recommended to obtain that goal. The Scoping Plan provides a range of GHG reduction actions that include direct regulations, alternative compliance mechanisms, monetary and non-monetary incentives, voluntary actions, market- based mechanisms such as the cap-and-trade program, and an AB 32 implementation fee to fund the program. The 2017 Scoping Plan Update identifies additional GHG reduction measures necessary to achieve the 2030 target. These measures build upon those identified in the first update to the Scoping Plan in 2013. Although a number of these measures are currently established as policies and measures, some measures have not yet been formally proposed or adopted. It is expected that these actions to reduce GHG emissions will be adopted as required to achieve statewide GHG emissions targets. As shown in Table 5: Project Consistency with Applicable CARB Scoping Plan Measures, the Project is consistent with most of the strategies, while others are not applicable to the Project. As such, impacts related to consistency with the Scoping Plan would be less than significant. Table 5: Project Consistency with Applicable CARB Scoping Plan Measures Scoping Plan Sector Scoping Plan Measure Implementing Regulations Project Consistency Transportation California Cap-and- Trade Program Linked to Western Climate Initiative Regulation for the California Cap on GHG Emissions and Market- Based Compliance Mechanism October 20, 2015 (CCR 95800) Consistent. The Cap-and-Trade Program applies to large industrial sources such as power plants, refineries, and cement manufacturers. However, the regulation indirectly affects people who use the products and services produced by these industrial sources when increased cost of products or services (such as electricity and fuel) are transferred to the consumers. The Cap-and-Trade Program covers the GHG emissions associated with electricity consumed in California, generated in-state or imported. Accordingly, GHG emissions associated with CEQA projects’ electricity usage are covered by the Cap-and- Trade Program. The Cap-and-Trade Program also covers fuel suppliers (natural gas and propane fuel providers and transportation fuel providers) to address emissions from such fuels and combustion of other fossil fuels not directly covered at large sources in the Program’s first compliance period. California Light-Duty Vehicle GHG Standards Pavley I 2005 Regulations to Control GHG Emissions from Motor Vehicles Pavley I 2005 Regulations to Control Consistent. This measure applies to all new vehicles starting with model year 2012. The Project would not conflict with its implementation as it would apply to all new passenger vehicles purchased in California. Passenger vehicles, model year 2012 and later, associated with construction and operation of the City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 24 Table 5: Project Consistency with Applicable CARB Scoping Plan Measures Scoping Plan Sector Scoping Plan Measure Implementing Regulations Project Consistency GHG Emissions from Motor Vehicles Project would be required to comply with the Pavley emissions standards. 2012 LEV III California GHG and Criteria Pollutant Exhaust and Evaporative Emission Standards Consistent. The LEV III amendments provide reductions from new vehicles sold in California between 2017 and 2025. Passenger vehicles associated with the site would comply with LEV III standards. Low Carbon Fuel Standard 2009 readopted in 2015. Regulations to Achieve GHG Emission Reductions Subarticle 7. Low Carbon Fuel Standard CCR 95480 Consistent. This measure applies to transportation fuels utilized by vehicles in California. The Project would not conflict with implementation of this measure. Motor vehicles associated with construction and operation of the Project would utilize low carbon transportation fuels as required under this measure. Regional Transportation- Related GHG Targets. SB 375. Cal. Public Resources Code §§ 21155, 21155.1, 21155.2, 21159.28 Consistent. The Project would provide development in the region that is consistent with the growth projections in the RTP/SCS. Goods Movement Goods Movement Action Plan January 2007 N/A. The Project does not propose any changes to maritime, rail, or intermodal facilities or forms of transportation. Medium/Heavy-Duty Vehicle 2010 Amendments to the Truck and Bus Regulation, the Drayage Truck Regulation and the Tractor-Trailer GHG Regulation Consistent. This measure applies to medium and heavy-duty vehicles that operate in the state. The Project would not conflict with implementation of this measure. Medium and heavy-duty vehicles associated with construction and operation of the Project would be required to comply with the requirements of this regulation. High Speed Rail Funded under SB 862 N/A. This is a statewide measure that cannot be implemented by a project applicant or Lead Agency. Electricity and Natural Gas Energy Efficiency Title 20 Appliance Efficiency Regulation Consistent. The Project would not conflict with implementation of this measure. The Project would comply with the latest energy efficiency standards. Title 24 Part 6 Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and Non- Residential Building Title 24 Part 11 California Green Building Code Standards Renewable Portfolio Standard/Renewable Electricity Standard. 2010 Regulation to Implement the Renewable Electricity Standard (33% 2020) Consistent. The Project would obtain electricity from the electric utility, Southern California Edison (SCE). SCE obtained 36 percent of its power supply from renewable sources in 2018. Therefore, the utility would provide power when needed on site that is composed of a greater percentage of renewable sources. Million Solar Roofs Program SB 350 Clean Energy and Pollution Reduction Act of 2015 (50% 2030) Million Solar Roofs Program Tax Incentive Program Consistent. This measure is to increase solar throughout California, which is being done by various electricity providers and existing solar programs. The program provides incentives that are in place at the time of construction. Water Water Title 24 Part 11 California Green Consistent. The Project would comply with the CalGreen standards, which requires a 20 percent City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 25 Table 5: Project Consistency with Applicable CARB Scoping Plan Measures Scoping Plan Sector Scoping Plan Measure Implementing Regulations Project Consistency Building Code Standards reduction in indoor water use. The Project would also comply with the City’s Water-Efficient Landscaping Regulations (Chapter 28, Article IV of the Fontana Municipal Code). SBX 7-7—The Water Conservation Act of 2009 Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance Green Buildings Green Building Strategy Title 24 Part 11 California Green Building Code Standards Consistent. The State is to increase the use of green building practices. The Project would implement required green building strategies through existing regulation that requires the Project to comply with various CalGreen requirements. The Project includes sustainability design features that support the Green Building Strategy. Industry Industrial Emissions 2010 CARB Mandatory Reporting Regulation N/A. The Mandatory Reporting Regulation requires facilities and entities with more than 10,000 MTCO2e of combustion and process emissions, all facilities belonging to certain industries, and all electric power entities to submit an annual GHG emissions data report directly to CARB. The Project proposes a residential development and therefore this regulation would not apply. Recycling and Waste Management Recycling and Waste Title 24 Part 11 California Green Building Code Standards Consistent. The Project would not conflict with implementation of these measures. The Project is required to achieve the recycling mandates via compliance with the CALGreen code. The City has consistently achieved its state recycling mandates. AB 341 Statewide 75 Percent Diversion Goal Forests Sustainable Forests Cap and Trade Offset Projects N/A. The Project is not located in a forested area. High Global Warming Potential High Global Warming Potential Gases CARB Refrigerant Management Program CCR 95380 N/A. The regulations are applicable to refrigerants used by large air conditioning systems and large commercial and industrial refrigerators and cold storage system. The Project would not conflict with the refrigerant management regulations adopted by CARB. Agriculture Agriculture Cap and Trade Offset Projects for Livestock and Rice Cultivation N/A. No grazing, feedlot, or other agricultural activities that generate manure occur currently exist on-site or are proposed to be implemented by the Project. Source: California Air Resources Board, California’s 2017 Climate Change Scoping Plan, November 2017 and CARB, Climate Change Scoping Plan, December 2008. As seen in Table 4 and Table 5, the Project would be consistent with all applicable plan goals. As shown in Table 3, the Project is estimated to emit approximately 862.64 MTCO2e per year directly from on-site activities and would not exceed the SCAQMD’s 3,000 MTCO2e per year threshold. Regarding goals for 2050 under Executive Order S-3-05, at this time it is not possible to quantify the emissions savings from future regulatory measures, as they have not yet been developed; nevertheless, it can be anticipated that operation of the proposed Project would benefit from the implementation of current and potential future regulations (e.g., improvements in vehicle emissions, SB 100/renewable electricity portfolio improvements, etc.) enacted to meet an 80 percent reduction below 1990 levels by 2050. City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 26 The majority of the GHG reductions from the Scoping Plan would result from continuation of the Cap-and- Trade regulation. Assembly Bill 398 (2017) extends the state’s Cap-and-Trade program through 2030 and the Scoping Plan provide a comprehensive plan for the state to achieve its GHG targets through a variety of regulations enacted at the state level. Additional reductions are achieved from electricity sector standards (i.e., utility providers to supply 60 percent renewable electricity by 2030 and 100 percent renewable by 2045), doubling the energy efficiency savings at end uses, additional reductions from the LCFS, implementing the short-lived GHG strategy (e.g., hydrofluorocarbons), and implementing the Mobile Source Strategy and Sustainable Freight Action Plan. Several of the State’s plans and policies would contribute to a reduction in mobile source emissions from the Project. These include the CARB’s Advanced Clean Truck Regulation, Executive Order N-79-20, CARB’s Mobile Source Strategy, CARB’s Sustainable Freight Action Plan, and CARB’s Emissions Reduction Plan for Ports and Goods Movement. CARB’s Advanced Clean Truck Regulation in June 2020 requiring truck manufacturers to transition from diesel trucks and vans to electric zero-emission trucks beginning in 2024. By 2045, every new truck sold in California is required to be zero-emission. The Advanced Clean Truck Regulation accelerates the transition of zero-emission medium-and heavy-duty vehicles from Class 2b to Class 8. Executive Order N-79-20 establishes the goal for all new passenger cars and trucks, as well as all drayage/cargo trucks and off-road vehicles and equipment, sold in California, will be zero-emission by 2035 and all medium and heavy-duty vehicles will be zero-emission by 2045. It also directs CARB to develop and propose rulemaking for passenger vehicles and trucks, medium-and heavy-duty fleets where feasible, drayage trucks, and off-road vehicles and equipment “requiring increasing volumes” of new ZEVs “towards the target of 100 percent.” CARB’s Mobile Source Strategy which include increasing ZEV buses and trucks and their Sustainable Freight Action Plan which improves freight system efficiency, utilizes near-zero emissions technology, and deployment of ZEV trucks. This Plan applies to all trucks accessing the Project site and may include existing trucks or new trucks that are part of the statewide goods movement sector. CARB’s Emissions Reduction Plan for Ports and Goods Movement identifies measures to improve goods movement efficiencies such as advanced combustion strategies, friction reduction, waste heat recovery, and electrification of accessories. While these measures are not directly applicable to the Project, any commercial activity associated with goods movement would be required to comply with these measures as adopted. The Project would not obstruct or interfere with efforts to increase ZEVs or state efforts to improve system efficiency. As discussed above, the Project’s operational and construction emissions would not exceed local thresholds. Therefore, the Project would only benefit from implementation of these State programs and measures, which would reduce future GHG emissions from trucks. The Project’s long-term operational and short-term construction GHG emissions would not exceed the City’s threshold of 3,000 MTCO2e per year. Additionally, the Project would be consistent with applicable regulations and goals. Therefore, the Project would have a less than significant impact. Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required. Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact. City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 27 5.3 Cumulative Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Cumulative Setting Climate change is a global problem. GHGs are global pollutants, unlike criteria air pollutants and TACs, which are pollutants of regional and local concern. Whereas pollutants with localized air quality effects have relatively short atmospheric lifetimes (about 1 day), GHGs have much longer atmospheric lifetimes of 1 year to several thousand years that allow them to be dispersed around the globe. Cumulative Impacts It is generally the case that an individual project of this size and nature is of insufficient magnitude by itself to influence climate change or result in a substantial contribution to the global GHG inventory. GHG impacts are recognized as exclusively cumulative impacts; there are no non-cumulative GHG emission impacts from a climate change perspective. The additive effect of Project-related GHGs would not result in a reasonably foreseeable cumulatively considerable contribution to global climate change. As discussed above, the Project-related GHG emissions would not exceed the City’s threshold of 3,000 MTCO2e. Therefore, the Project would result in a less than significant cumulative GHG impact. Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required. Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact. City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment November 2021 Page | 28 6 REFERENCES 1. California Air Resources Board, California’s 2017 Climate Change Scoping Plan, 2017. 2. City of Fontana, City of Fontana General Plan Update 2015-2035, 2018. 3. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis, 2007. 4. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2013. 5. Kimley-Horn and Associates, Trip Generation and VMT Screening Memorandum for the Proposed Citrus East Residential Project in the City of Fontana, September 24, 2021. 6. National Research Council, Advancing the Science of Climate Change, 2010. 7. State of California, Code of Regulations Section 15065.5a, 2018. 8. Southern California Association of Governments, Connect SoCal - 2020 - 2045 Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy, 2020. 9. South Coast Air Quality Management District, Minutes for the GHG CEQA Significance Threshold Stakeholder Working Group #13, 2009. 10. U.S. EPA, Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2016, 2018. 11. U.S. EPA, Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emission from Natural Sources, 2010. 12. U.S. EPA, Overview of Greenhouse Gases, 2018. Appendix A Greenhouse Gas Emissions Data Trips and VMT - No Demo Phase On-road Fugitive Dust - No Demo Phase Grading - Vehicle Trips - Numbers based on traffic study Woodstoves - Compliance with SCAQMD 0.004 1.3 User Entered Comments & Non-Default Data Project Characteristics - Land Use - According to Site Plan 10.1.21- Parking spaces only include nongarage parking spaces Construction Phase - No Demo Phase CO2 Intensity (lb/MWhr) 390.98 CH4 Intensity (lb/MWhr) 0.033 N2O Intensity (lb/MWhr) Climate Zone 10 Operational Year 2024 Utility Company Southern California Edison 217 1.2 Other Project Characteristics Urbanization Urban Wind Speed (m/s)2.2 Precipitation Freq (Days)32 Condo/Townhouse High Rise 76.00 Dwelling Unit 4.65 202,554.00 0 City Park 2.28 Acre 2.28 99,316.80 0 Parking Lot 191.00 Space 1.72 74,923.20 Fontana Citrus East San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual 1.0 Project Characteristics 1.1 Land Usage Land Uses Size Metric Lot Acreage Floor Surface Area Population CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 2.0 Emissions Summary 2.1 Overall Construction tblWoodstoves NumberCatalytic 3.80 0.00 tblWoodstoves NumberNoncatalytic 3.80 0.00 tblVehicleTrips WD_TR 0.78 0.00 tblVehicleTrips WD_TR 5.44 7.32 tblVehicleTrips SU_TR 2.19 0.00 tblVehicleTrips SU_TR 4.09 7.32 tblVehicleTrips ST_TR 1.96 0.00 tblVehicleTrips ST_TR 4.91 7.32 tblLandUse LandUseSquareFeet 76,000.00 202,554.00 tblLandUse LotAcreage 1.19 4.65 tblGrading MaterialImported 0.00 50,000.00 tblLandUse LandUseSquareFeet 76,400.00 74,923.20 tblConstructionPhase NumDays 20.00 40.00 tblFireplaces NumberWood 3.80 0.00 tblConstDustMitigation WaterUnpavedRoadVehicleSpeed 0 15 tblConstructionPhase NumDays 20.00 50.00 tblConstDustMitigation CleanPavedRoadPercentReduction 0 6 tblConstDustMitigation WaterUnpavedRoadMoistureContent 0 12 Land Use Change - Construction Off-road Equipment Mitigation - SCAQMD rule compliance Water Mitigation - Waste Mitigation - Per AB 939 Table Name Column Name Default Value New Value CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied Total CO2 CH4 N20 CO2e 0.0886 0.0256 611.6116 ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio-CO2 0.0930 0.1561 0.0000 601.7619 601.76196.6600e- 003 0.2258 0.0990 0.3248 0.0631Maximum0.9221 2.3057 2.8816 601.7619 601.7619 0.0886 0.0256 611.6116 0.0152 0.0173 148.4501 2023 0.9221 2.3057 2.8816 6.6600e- 003 0.2258 0.0990 0.3248 0.0631 0.0930 0.1561 0.0000 0.0152 0.0550 0.0000 142.9111 142.91111.4900e- 003 0.0959 0.0164 0.1123 0.039820220.0352 0.5612 0.2638 CH4 N2O CO2e Year tons/yr MT/yr Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2SO2Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 ROG NOx CO 0.0886 0.0256 611.6120 Mitigated Construction 0.0930 0.1673 0.0000 601.7623 601.76236.6600e- 003 0.2584 0.0990 0.3573 0.0813Maximum0.9221 2.3057 2.8816 601.7623 601.7623 0.0886 0.0256 611.6120 0.0152 0.0173 148.4501 2023 0.9221 2.3057 2.8816 6.6600e- 003 0.2584 0.0990 0.3573 0.0743 0.0930 0.1673 0.0000 0.0152 0.0965 0.0000 142.9111 142.91111.4900e- 003 0.1821 0.0164 0.1985 0.081320220.0352 0.5612 0.2638 N2O CO2e Year tons/yr MT/yr PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 Unmitigated Construction ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 803.1948 811.9029 0.6291 0.0380 838.9582 0.1633 4.0400e-003 29.7962 Total 1.1231 0.5385 3.8606 7.2900e- 003 0.7168 0.0150 0.7318 0.1915 0.0146 0.2061 8.7081 0.0000 0.0000 1.5710 22.9378 24.50880.0000 0.0000Water 0.0000 7.1372 0.4218 0.0000 17.6820 0.0362 0.0320 654.0414 Waste 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 7.1372 5.1400e-003 0.1966 0.0000 643.6056 643.60566.8400e- 003 0.7168 5.4900e-003 0.7223 0.1915Mobile0.2897 0.4657 3.0476 119.8534 119.8534 6.3100e-003 1.7000e-003 120.5174 1.5400e-003 2.8000e-004 16.9211 Energy 5.8900e-003 0.0504 0.0214 3.2000e- 004 4.0700e-003 4.0700e-003 4.0700e-003 4.0700e-003 0.0000 5.4300e-003 5.4300e-003 0.0000 16.7979 16.79791.3000e- 004 5.4300e-003 5.4300e-003Area0.8275 0.0224 0.7916 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 2.2 Overall Operational Unmitigated Operational ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 Highest 1.1334 1.1334 4 9-1-2023 9-30-2023 0.1939 0.1939 3 6-1-2023 8-31-2023 0.5948 0.5948 2 3-1-2023 5-31-2023 0.5955 0.5955 1 12-1-2022 2-28-2023 1.1334 1.1334 Quarter Start Date End Date Maximum Unmitigated ROG + NOX (tons/quarter)Maximum Mitigated ROG + NOX (tons/quarter) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Percent Reduction 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26.96 0.00 21.37 33.91 0.00 20.00 0.00 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 5 20 3 Building Construction Building Construction 1/12/2023 11/29/2023 5 230 2 Grading Grading 12/15/2022 1/11/2023 Num Days Week Num Days Phase Description 1 Site Preparation Site Preparation 12/1/2022 12/14/2022 5 10 Phase Number Phase Name Phase Type Start Date End Date 5.17 2.08 0.52 3.0 Construction Detail Construction Phase N20 CO2e Percent Reduction 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.61 0.37 0.41 PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio-CO2 Total CO2 CH4Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 ROG NOx CO SO2 800.2061 808.6001 0.5966 0.0372 834.6061 0.1308 3.2500e-003 25.4442 Total 1.1231 0.5385 3.8606 7.2900e- 003 0.7168 0.0150 0.7318 0.1915 0.0146 0.2061 8.3939 0.0000 0.0000 1.2568 19.9492 21.20600.0000 0.0000Water 0.0000 7.1372 0.4218 0.0000 17.6820 0.0362 0.0320 654.0414 Waste 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 7.1372 5.1400e-003 0.1966 0.0000 643.6056 643.60566.8400e- 003 0.7168 5.4900e-003 0.7223 0.1915Mobile0.2897 0.4657 3.0476 119.8534 119.8534 6.3100e-003 1.7000e-003 120.5174 1.5400e-003 2.8000e-004 16.9211 Energy 5.8900e-003 0.0504 0.0214 3.2000e- 004 4.0700e-003 4.0700e-003 4.0700e-003 4.0700e-003 0.0000 5.4300e-003 5.4300e-003 0.0000 16.7979 16.79791.3000e- 004 5.4300e-003 5.4300e-003Area0.8275 0.0224 0.7916 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 Mitigated Operational ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied Trips and VMT 0.38 Architectural Coating Air Compressors 1 6.00 78 0.48 Paving Rollers 2 8.00 80 0.42 Paving Paving Equipment 2 8.00 132 0.36 Paving Pavers 2 8.00 130 0.37 Building Construction Welders 1 8.00 46 0.45 Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 3 7.00 97 0.20 Building Construction Generator Sets 1 8.00 84 0.74 Building Construction Forklifts 3 8.00 89 0.37 Building Construction Cranes 1 7.00 231 0.29 Grading Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 3 8.00 97 0.41 Grading Rubber Tired Dozers 1 8.00 247 0.40 Grading Graders 1 8.00 187 0.37 Grading Excavators 1 8.00 158 0.38 Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 4 8.00 97 Load Factor Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers 3 8.00 247 0.40 Phase Name Offroad Equipment Type Amount Usage Hours Horse Power Acres of Grading (Site Preparation Phase): 15 Acres of Grading (Grading Phase): 20 Acres of Paving: 1.72 Residential Indoor: 410,172; Residential Outdoor: 136,724; Non-Residential Indoor: 0; Non-Residential Outdoor: 0; Striped Parking Area: 4,495 OffRoad Equipment 5 40 5 Architectural Coating Architectural Coating 10/1/2023 12/8/2023 5 50 4 Paving Paving 10/1/2023 11/24/2023 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 16.7197 16.7197 5.4100e-003 0.0000 16.8549 5.4100e-003 0.0000 16.8549 Total 0.0159 0.1654 0.0985 1.9000e- 004 0.0983 8.0600e-003 0.1064 0.0505 7.4200e-003 0.0579 0.0000 7.4200e-003 7.4200e-003 0.0000 16.7197 16.71971.9000e- 004 8.0600e-003 8.0600e-003Off-Road 0.0159 0.1654 0.0985 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Category tons/yr MT/yr Fugitive Dust 0.0983 0.0000 0.0983 0.0505 0.0000 0.0505 0.0000 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e Clean Paved Roads 3.2 Site Preparation - 2022 Unmitigated Construction On-Site ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 3.1 Mitigation Measures Construction Replace Ground Cover Water Exposed Area Water Unpaved Roads Reduce Vehicle Speed on Unpaved Roads HHDT Architectural Coating 1 26.00 0.00 0.00 14.70 6.90 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT 14.70 6.90 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_MixPaving615.00 0.00 0.00 HHDT Building Construction 9 128.00 37.00 0.00 14.70 6.90 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT 14.70 6.90 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_MixGrading615.00 0.00 6,250.00 Vendor Vehicle Class Hauling Vehicle Class Site Preparation 7 18.00 0.00 0.00 14.70 6.90 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT Hauling Trip Number Worker Trip Length Vendor Trip Length Hauling Trip Length Worker Vehicle Class Phase Name Offroad Equipment Count Worker Trip Number Vendor Trip Number CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 5.4100e-003 0.0000 16.85497.4200e-003 0.0290 0.0000 16.7197 16.71971.9000e- 004 0.0420 8.0600e-003 0.0501 0.0216Total0.0159 0.1654 0.0985 16.7197 16.7197 5.4100e-003 0.0000 16.8549 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0159 0.1654 0.0985 1.9000e- 004 8.0600e-003 8.0600e-003 7.4200e-003 7.4200e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0216 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0420 0.0000 0.0420 0.0216Fugitive Dust N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 Mitigated Construction On-Site ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 0.7916 0.7916 2.0000e-005 2.0000e-005 0.7989 2.0000e-005 2.0000e-005 0.7989 Total 3.4000e-004 2.7000e- 004 3.1900e-003 1.0000e- 005 9.9000e-004 1.0000e-005 9.9000e-004 2.6000e-004 0.0000 2.7000e-004 0.0000 0.0000 2.7000e-004 0.0000 0.7916 0.79161.0000e- 005 9.9000e-004 1.0000e-005 9.9000e-004 2.6000e-004Worker3.4000e-004 2.7000e- 004 3.1900e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000Hauling0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 15.6329 15.6329 5.0600e-003 0.0000 15.7593 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0117 0.1251 0.0916 1.8000e-004 5.6500e-003 5.6500e-003 5.1900e-003 5.1900e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0214 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0496 0.0000 0.0496 0.0214Fugitive Dust N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 3.3 Grading - 2022 Unmitigated Construction On-Site ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 0.7916 0.7916 2.0000e-005 2.0000e-005 0.7989 2.0000e-005 2.0000e-005 0.7989 Total 3.4000e-004 2.7000e- 004 3.1900e-003 1.0000e- 005 9.4000e-004 1.0000e-005 9.4000e-004 2.5000e-004 0.0000 2.5000e-004 0.0000 0.0000 2.5000e-004 0.0000 0.7916 0.79161.0000e- 005 9.4000e-004 1.0000e-005 9.4000e-004 2.5000e-004Worker3.4000e-004 2.7000e- 004 3.1900e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000Hauling0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 CH4 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2SO2Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 ROG NOx CO Mitigated Construction Off-Site CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0000 9.1600e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0212 0.0000 0.0212 9.1600e-003Fugitive Dust N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 Mitigated Construction On-Site ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 109.7670 109.7670 4.6800e-003 0.0173 115.0371 2.0000e-005 2.0000e-005 0.7989 Total 7.3100e-003 0.2703 0.0705 1.1100e- 003 0.0333 2.7000e-003 0.0360 9.1300e-003 2.5700e-003 0.0117 0.0000 0.0000 2.7000e-004 0.0000 0.7916 0.79161.0000e- 005 9.9000e-004 1.0000e-005 9.9000e-004 2.6000e-004Worker3.4000e-004 2.7000e- 004 3.1900e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 4.6600e-003 0.0173 114.2381 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2.5700e-003 0.0114 0.0000 108.9754 108.97541.1000e- 003 0.0323 2.6900e-003 0.0350 8.8700e-003Hauling6.9700e-003 0.2701 0.0673 CH4 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2SO2Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 ROG NOx CO 5.0600e-003 0.0000 15.7593 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site 5.1900e-003 0.0266 0.0000 15.6329 15.63291.8000e- 004 0.0496 5.6500e-003 0.0552 0.0214Total0.0117 0.1251 0.0916 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 3.3 Grading - 2023 Unmitigated Construction On-Site ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 109.7670 109.7670 4.6800e-003 0.0173 115.0371 2.0000e-005 2.0000e-005 0.7989 Total 7.3100e-003 0.2703 0.0705 1.1100e- 003 0.0318 2.7000e-003 0.0345 8.7600e-003 2.5700e-003 0.0113 0.0000 0.0000 2.5000e-004 0.0000 0.7916 0.79161.0000e- 005 9.4000e-004 1.0000e-005 9.4000e-004 2.5000e-004Worker3.4000e-004 2.7000e- 004 3.1900e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 4.6600e-003 0.0173 114.2381 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2.5700e-003 0.0111 0.0000 108.9754 108.97541.1000e- 003 0.0308 2.6900e-003 0.0335 8.5100e-003Hauling6.9700e-003 0.2701 0.0673 CH4 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2SO2Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 ROG NOx CO 5.0600e-003 0.0000 15.7592 Mitigated Construction Off-Site 5.1900e-003 0.0144 0.0000 15.6328 15.63281.8000e- 004 0.0212 5.6500e-003 0.0268 9.1600e-003Total0.0117 0.1251 0.0916 15.6328 15.6328 5.0600e-003 0.0000 15.7592Off-Road 0.0117 0.1251 0.0916 1.8000e- 004 5.6500e-003 5.6500e-003 5.1900e-003 5.1900e-003 0.0000 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied N2O CO2ePM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 Mitigated Construction On-Site ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 69.9769 69.9769 2.9700e-003 0.0110 73.3364 1.0000e-005 1.0000e-005 0.5183 Total 3.1300e-003 0.1455 0.0441 7.1000e- 004 0.0222 1.4500e-003 0.0236 6.0800e-003 1.3800e-003 7.4800e-003 0.0000 0.0000 1.8000e-004 0.0000 0.5138 0.51381.0000e- 005 6.6000e-004 0.0000 6.6000e-004 1.7000e-004Worker2.1000e-004 1.6000e- 004 1.9500e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2.9600e-003 0.0110 72.8181 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 1.3800e-003 7.3000e-003 0.0000 69.4631 69.46317.0000e- 004 0.0215 1.4500e-003 0.0230 5.9100e-003Hauling2.9200e-003 0.1454 0.0422 CH4 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2SO2Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 ROG NOx CO 3.3700e-003 0.0000 10.5085 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site 2.8500e-003 0.0177 0.0000 10.4243 10.42431.2000e- 004 0.0375 3.1000e-003 0.0406 0.0148Total6.8400e-003 0.0717 0.0590 10.4243 10.4243 3.3700e-003 0.0000 10.5085 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 6.8400e-003 0.0717 0.0590 1.2000e- 004 3.1000e-003 3.1000e-003 2.8500e-003 2.8500e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0148 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0375 0.0000 0.0375 0.0148Fugitive Dust CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 3.4 Building Construction - 2023 Unmitigated Construction On-Site 69.9769 69.9769 2.9700e-003 0.0110 73.3364 1.0000e-005 1.0000e-005 0.5183 Total 3.1300e-003 0.1455 0.0441 7.1000e-004 0.0212 1.4500e-003 0.0226 5.8500e-003 1.3800e-003 7.2300e-003 0.0000 0.0000 1.7000e-004 0.0000 0.5138 0.51381.0000e-005 6.2000e-004 0.0000 6.3000e-004 1.7000e-004Worker2.1000e-004 1.6000e-004 1.9500e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2.9600e-003 0.0110 72.8181 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 1.3800e-003 7.0600e-003 0.0000 69.4631 69.46317.0000e-004 0.0206 1.4500e-003 0.0220 5.6800e-003Hauling2.9200e-003 0.1454 0.0422 CH4 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2SO2Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 ROG NOx CO 3.3700e-003 0.0000 10.5085 Mitigated Construction Off-Site 2.8500e-003 9.1800e-003 0.0000 10.4242 10.42421.2000e- 004 0.0160 3.1000e-003 0.0191 6.3300e-003Total6.8400e-003 0.0717 0.0590 10.4242 10.4242 3.3700e-003 0.0000 10.5085 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 6.8400e-003 0.0717 0.0590 1.2000e- 004 3.1000e-003 3.1000e-003 2.8500e-003 2.8500e-003 0.0000 0.0000 6.3300e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0160 0.0000 0.0160 6.3300e-003Fugitive Dust Category tons/yr MT/yr CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied Mitigated Construction On-Site 200.2134 200.2134 5.2400e-003 0.0144 204.6294 3.3100e-003 3.4200e-003 127.1579 Total 0.0561 0.1953 0.5425 2.1200e-003 0.1882 1.9300e-003 0.1902 0.0506 1.8200e-003 0.0524 0.0000 7.5000e-004 0.0436 0.0000 126.0560 126.05601.3600e-003 0.1614 8.1000e-004 0.1622 0.0429Worker0.0513 0.0383 0.4790 74.1574 74.1574 1.9300e-003 0.0110 77.4715 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 4.8000e-003 0.1570 0.0636 7.6000e-004 0.0268 1.1200e-003 0.0280 7.7500e-003 1.0700e-003 8.8200e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000Hauling0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 266.5755 266.5755 0.0634 0.0000 268.1608 0.0634 0.0000 268.1608 Total 0.1809 1.6543 1.8681 3.1000e- 003 0.0805 0.0805 0.0757 0.0757 0.0000 0.0757 0.0757 0.0000 266.5755 266.57553.1000e- 003 0.0805 0.0805Off-Road 0.1809 1.6543 1.8681 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4ROGNOxCOSO2Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 3.5 Paving - 2023 Unmitigated Construction On-Site 200.2134 200.2134 5.2400e-003 0.0144 204.6294 3.3100e-003 3.4200e-003 127.1579 Total 0.0561 0.1953 0.5425 2.1200e-003 0.1787 1.9300e-003 0.1806 0.0483 1.8200e-003 0.0501 0.0000 7.5000e-004 0.0416 0.0000 126.0560 126.05601.3600e-003 0.1530 8.1000e-004 0.1538 0.0408Worker0.0513 0.0383 0.4790 74.1574 74.1574 1.9300e-003 0.0110 77.4715 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 4.8000e-003 0.1570 0.0636 7.6000e-004 0.0257 1.1200e-003 0.0268 7.4700e-003 1.0700e-003 8.5400e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000Hauling0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 Mitigated Construction Off-Site ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 266.5751 266.5751 0.0634 0.0000 268.1605 0.0634 0.0000 268.1605 Total 0.1809 1.6543 1.8681 3.1000e- 003 0.0805 0.0805 0.0757 0.0757 0.0000 0.0757 0.0757 0.0000 266.5751 266.57513.1000e- 003 0.0805 0.0805Off-Road 0.1809 1.6543 1.8681 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4ROGNOxCOSO2Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied Mitigated Construction On-Site 2.5691 2.5691 7.0000e-005 7.0000e-005 2.5915 7.0000e-005 7.0000e-005 2.5915 Total 1.0500e-003 7.8000e-004 9.7600e-003 3.0000e-005 3.2900e-003 2.0000e-005 3.3100e-003 8.7000e-004 2.0000e-005 8.9000e-004 0.0000 2.0000e-005 8.9000e-004 0.0000 2.5691 2.56913.0000e-005 3.2900e-003 2.0000e-005 3.3100e-003 8.7000e-004Worker1.0500e-003 7.8000e-004 9.7600e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000Hauling0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 CH4 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2SO2Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 ROG NOx CO 0.0130 0.0000 40.3776 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site 9.3900e-003 9.3900e-003 0.0000 40.0537 40.05374.6000e- 004 0.0102 0.0102Total0.0229 0.2038 0.2917 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0130 0.0000 40.3776 Paving 2.2500e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 9.3900e-003 9.3900e-003 0.0000 40.0537 40.05374.6000e- 004 0.0102 0.0102Off-Road 0.0207 0.2038 0.2917 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4ROGNOxCOSO2Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 3.6 Architectural Coating - 2023 2.5691 2.5691 7.0000e-005 7.0000e-005 2.5915 7.0000e-005 7.0000e-005 2.5915 Total 1.0500e-003 7.8000e- 004 9.7600e-003 3.0000e- 005 3.1200e-003 2.0000e-005 3.1300e-003 8.3000e-004 2.0000e-005 8.5000e-004 0.0000 2.0000e-005 8.5000e-004 0.0000 2.5691 2.56913.0000e- 005 3.1200e-003 2.0000e-005 3.1300e-003 8.3000e-004Worker1.0500e-003 7.8000e- 004 9.7600e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000Hauling0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 CH4 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2SO2Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 ROG NOx CO 0.0130 0.0000 40.3775 Mitigated Construction Off-Site 9.3900e-003 9.3900e-003 0.0000 40.0537 40.05374.6000e- 004 0.0102 0.0102Total0.0229 0.2038 0.2917 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0130 0.0000 40.3775 Paving 2.2500e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 9.3900e-003 9.3900e-003 0.0000 40.0537 40.05374.6000e- 004 0.0102 0.0102Off-Road 0.0207 0.2038 0.2917 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4ROGNOxCOSO2Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 5.5663 5.5663 1.5000e-004 1.5000e-004 5.6150 1.5000e-004 1.5000e-004 5.6150 Total 2.2700e-003 1.6900e- 003 0.0212 6.0000e- 005 7.1300e-003 4.0000e-005 7.1600e-003 1.8900e-003 3.0000e-005 1.9300e-003 0.0000 3.0000e-005 1.9300e-003 0.0000 5.5663 5.56636.0000e- 005 7.1300e-003 4.0000e-005 7.1600e-003 1.8900e-003Worker2.2700e-003 1.6900e- 003 0.0212 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000Hauling0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 CH4 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2SO2Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 ROG NOx CO 3.8000e-004 0.0000 6.3927 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site 1.7700e-003 1.7700e-003 0.0000 6.3831 6.38317.0000e- 005 1.7700e-003 1.7700e-003Total0.6489 0.0326 0.0453 6.3831 6.3831 3.8000e-004 0.0000 6.3927 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 4.7900e-003 0.0326 0.0453 7.0000e- 005 1.7700e-003 1.7700e-003 1.7700e-003 1.7700e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0000 0.0000Archit. Coating 0.6441 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 Unmitigated Construction On-Site ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 5.5663 5.5663 1.5000e-004 1.5000e-004 5.6150 1.5000e-004 1.5000e-004 5.6150 Total 2.2700e-003 1.6900e- 003 0.0212 6.0000e- 005 6.7600e-003 4.0000e-005 6.7900e-003 1.8000e-003 3.0000e-005 1.8300e-003 0.0000 3.0000e-005 1.8300e-003 0.0000 5.5663 5.56636.0000e- 005 6.7600e-003 4.0000e-005 6.7900e-003 1.8000e-003Worker2.2700e-003 1.6900e- 003 0.0212 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000Hauling0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 CH4 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2SO2Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 ROG NOx CO 3.8000e-004 0.0000 6.3927 Mitigated Construction Off-Site 1.7700e-003 1.7700e-003 0.0000 6.3831 6.38317.0000e- 005 1.7700e-003 1.7700e-003Total0.6489 0.0326 0.0453 6.3831 6.3831 3.8000e-004 0.0000 6.3927 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 4.7900e-003 0.0326 0.0453 7.0000e- 005 1.7700e-003 1.7700e-003 1.7700e-003 1.7700e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0000 0.0000Archit. Coating 0.6441 N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 Mitigated Construction On-Site ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 48.00 19.00 66 28 6City Park 16.60 8.40 6.90 33.00 H-S or C-C H-O or C-NW Primary Diverted Pass-byLand Use H-W or C-W H-S or C-C H-O or C-NW H-W or C-W 1,901,030 4.3 Trip Type Information Miles Trip %Trip Purpose % Total 556.32 556.32 556.32 1,901,030 1,901,030 Parking Lot 0.00 0.00 0.00 Condo/Townhouse High Rise 556.32 556.32 556.32 1,901,030 Annual VMT City Park 0.00 0.00 0.00 Land Use Weekday Saturday Sunday Annual VMT 0.0362 0.0320 654.0414 4.2 Trip Summary Information Average Daily Trip Rate Unmitigated Mitigated 654.0414 Unmitigated 0.2897 0.4657 3.0476 6.8400e- 003 0.7168 5.4900e-003 0.7223 0.1915 5.1400e-003 0.1966 0.0000 643.6056 643.6056 0.0000 643.6056 643.6056 0.0362 0.0320 CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr Mitigated 0.2897 0.4657 3.0476 6.8400e- 003 0.7168 5.4900e-003 0.7223 0.1915 5.1400e-003 0.1966 Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2OExhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total 4.0 Operational Detail - Mobile 4.1 Mitigation Measures Mobile ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 58.3290 58.3290 1.1200e-003 1.0700e-003 58.6757 1.1200e-003 1.0700e-003 58.6757 NaturalGas Unmitigated 5.8900e-003 0.0504 0.0214 3.2000e-004 4.0700e-003 4.0700e-003 4.0700e-003 4.0700e-003 0.0000 4.0700e-003 4.0700e-003 0.0000 58.3290 58.32903.2000e-004 4.0700e-003 4.0700e-003NaturalGas Mitigated 5.8900e-003 0.0504 0.0214 61.5244 61.5244 5.1900e-003 6.3000e-004 61.8418 5.1900e-003 6.3000e-004 61.8418 Electricity Unmitigated 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 61.5244 61.52440.0000 0.0000Electricity Mitigated N2O CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 5.0 Energy Detail Historical Energy Use: N 5.1 Mitigation Measures Energy ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 0.000954 0.0048 Parking Lot 0.540566 0.056059 0.172680 0.136494 0.026304 0.007104 0.011680 0.017449 0.000554 0.000251 0.025076 0.000954 0.0048 0.000251 0.025076 0.000954 0.0048 Condo/Townhouse High Rise 0.540566 0.056059 0.172680 0.136494 0.026304 0.007104 0.011680 0.017449 0.000554 0.000251 0.025076 0.026304 0.007104 0.011680 0.017449 0.000554City Park 0.540566 0.056059 0.172680 0.136494 OBUS UBUS MCY SBUS MHMDVLHD1LHD2MHDHHD 4.4 Fleet Mix Land Use LDA LDT1 LDT2 0.00 0.00 0 0 0Parking Lot 16.60 8.40 6.90 0.00 19.20 40.60 86 11 3Condo/Townhouse High Rise 14.70 5.90 8.70 40.20 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 58.3290 1.1200e-003 1.0700e-003 58.67574.0700e-003 4.0700e-003 0.0000 58.32900.0214 3.2000e-004 4.0700e-003 4.0700e-003Total5.8900e-003 0.0504 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 1.0700e-003 58.6757 Parking Lot 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 4.0700e-003 0.0000 58.3290 58.3290 1.1200e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Condo/Townhouse High Rise 1.09304e+0 06 5.8900e-003 0.0504 0.0214 3.2000e-004 4.0700e-003 4.0700e-003 4.0700e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000City Park 0 0.0000 0.0000 CH4 N2O CO2e Land Use kBTU/yr tons/yr MT/yr Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 Mitigated NaturalGas Use ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 58.3290 1.1200e-003 1.0700e-003 58.67574.0700e-003 4.0700e-003 0.0000 58.32900.0214 3.2000e-004 4.0700e-003 4.0700e-003Total5.8900e-003 0.0504 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 1.0700e-003 58.6757 Parking Lot 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 4.0700e-003 0.0000 58.3290 58.3290 1.1200e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Condo/Townhouse High Rise 1.09304e+0 06 5.8900e-003 0.0504 0.0214 3.2000e-004 4.0700e-003 4.0700e-003 4.0700e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000City Park 0 0.0000 0.0000 CH4 N2O CO2e Land Use kBTU/yr tons/yr MT/yr Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 5.2 Energy by Land Use - NaturalGas Unmitigated NaturalGas Use ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 5.8000e- 004 57.1672Condo/Townhouse High Rise 320695 56.8738 4.8000e-003 Land Use kWh/yr t o n MT/yr City Park 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 6.3000e- 004 61.8418 Mitigated Electricity Use Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e Total 61.5244 5.1900e-003 5.8000e- 004 57.1672 Parking Lot 26223.1 4.6506 3.9000e-004 5.0000e- 005 4.6745 Condo/Townhouse High Rise 320695 56.8738 4.8000e-003 Land Use kWh/yr t o n MT/yr City Park 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Unmitigated Electricity Use Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e 5.3 Energy by Land Use - Electricity CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied CH4 N2O CO2e SubCategory tons/yr MT/yr Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2SO2Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 ROG NOx CO 1.5400e-003 2.8000e-004 16.9211 6.2 Area by SubCategory Unmitigated 16.9211 Unmitigated 0.8275 0.0224 0.7916 1.3000e- 004 5.4300e-003 5.4300e-003 5.4300e-003 5.4300e-003 0.0000 16.7979 16.7979 0.0000 16.7979 16.7979 1.5400e-003 2.8000e-004 CO2e Category tons/yr MT/yr Mitigated 0.8275 0.0224 0.7916 1.3000e- 004 5.4300e-003 5.4300e-003 5.4300e-003 5.4300e-003 Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2OExhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total 6.3000e- 004 61.8418 6.0 Area Detail 6.1 Mitigation Measures Area ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Total 61.5244 5.1900e-003 Parking Lot 26223.1 4.6506 3.9000e-004 5.0000e- 005 4.6745 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 1.5400e-003 2.8000e-004 16.9211 7.0 Water Detail 7.1 Mitigation Measures Water 5.4300e-003 5.4300e-003 0.0000 16.7979 16.79791.3000e-004 5.4300e-003 5.4300e-003Total0.8275 0.0224 0.7916 1.2851 1.2851 1.2400e-003 0.0000 1.3161 3.0000e-004 2.8000e-004 15.6050 Landscaping 0.0238 9.0500e-003 0.7859 4.0000e-005 4.3500e-003 4.3500e-003 4.3500e-003 4.3500e-003 0.0000 1.0800e-003 1.0800e-003 0.0000 15.5129 15.51299.0000e-005 1.0800e-003 1.0800e-003Hearth1.5700e-003 0.0134 5.7000e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Consumer Products 0.7377 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0000 0.0000Architectural Coating 0.0644 CH4 N2O CO2e SubCategory tons/yr MT/yr Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2SO2Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 ROG NOx CO 1.5400e-003 2.8000e-004 16.9211 Mitigated 5.4300e-003 5.4300e-003 0.0000 16.7979 16.79791.3000e- 004 5.4300e-003 5.4300e-003Total0.8275 0.0224 0.7916 1.2851 1.2851 1.2400e-003 0.0000 1.3161 3.0000e-004 2.8000e-004 15.6050 Landscaping 0.0238 9.0500e- 003 0.7859 4.0000e- 005 4.3500e-003 4.3500e-003 4.3500e-003 4.3500e-003 0.0000 1.0800e-003 1.0800e-003 0.0000 15.5129 15.51299.0000e- 005 1.0800e-003 1.0800e-003Hearth1.5700e-003 0.0134 5.7000e-003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Consumer Products 0.7377 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0000 0.0000Architectural Coating 0.0644 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 3.9900e- 003 24.4161Condo/Townhouse High Rise 4.95171 / 3.12173 19.1563 0.1628 Land Use Mgal to n MT/yr City Park 0 / 2.71658 5.3525 4.5000e-004 5.0000e- 005 5.3801 29.7962 7.2 Water by Land Use Unmitigated Indoor/Outd oor Use Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e Unmitigated 24.5088 0.1633 4.0400e-003 CO2e Category t o n MT/yr Mitigated 21.2060 0.1308 3.2500e-003 25.4442 Total CO2 CH4 N2O Install Low Flow Bathroom Faucet Install Low Flow Kitchen Faucet Install Low Flow Toilet Install Low Flow Shower Use Water Efficient Irrigation System CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 3.2500e-003 25.4442 8.0 Waste Detail 8.1 Mitigation Measures Waste Category/Year Total 21.2060 0.1308 3.2000e-003 20.3923 Parking Lot 0 / 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Condo/Townhouse High Rise 3.96136 / 2.9313 16.1800 0.1303 Land Use Mgal t o n MT/yr City Park 0 / 2.55087 5.0260 4.2000e-004 5.0000e-005 5.0519 4.0400e- 003 29.7962 Mitigated Indoor/Outd oor Use Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e Total 24.5088 0.1633 Parking Lot 0 / 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 0.0000 17.6820 Mitigated Total 7.1372 0.4218 0.0000 17.5814 Parking Lot 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Condo/Townhouse High Rise 34.96 7.0966 0.4194 Land Use tons t o n MT/yr City Park 0.2 0.0406 2.4000e-003 0.0000 0.1006 17.6820 8.2 Waste by Land Use Unmitigated Waste Disposed Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e Unmitigated 7.1372 0.4218 0.0000 CO2e t on MT/yr Mitigated 7.1372 0.4218 0.0000 17.6820 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1 Date: 11/19/2021 12:13 PM Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied User Defined Equipment Equipment Type Number 11.0 Vegetation Horse Power Load Factor Fuel Type Boilers Equipment Type Number Heat Input/Day Heat Input/Year Boiler Rating Fuel Type Fire Pumps and Emergency Generators Equipment Type Number Hours/Day Hours/Year Days/Year Horse Power Load Factor Fuel Type 10.0 Stationary Equipment 0.0000 17.6820 9.0 Operational Offroad Equipment Type Number Hours/Day Total 7.1372 0.4218 0.0000 17.5814 Parking Lot 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Condo/Townhouse High Rise 34.96 7.0966 0.4194 Land Use tons t on MT/yr City Park 0.2 0.0406 2.4000e-003 0.0000 0.1006 Waste Disposed Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e 830 830 830