HomeMy WebLinkAboutAppendix A - Air Quality AssessmentCitrus East Project
City of Fontana Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
June 2022
APPENDIX A - AIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT
Air Quality Assessment
Citrus East Residential Development Project
City of Fontana, California
Prepared by:
Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc.
1100 W. Town and Country Road, Suite 700
Orange, California 92868
Contact: Mr. Ryan Chiene
714.705.1343
November 2021
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Air Quality Assessment
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Location and Setting ..................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Project Description .................................................................................................................... 1
2 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
2.1 Climate and Meterology ............................................................................................................ 5
2.2 Air Pollutants of Concern .......................................................................................................... 6
2.3 Sensitive Receptors ................................................................................................................... 8
3 REGULATORY SETTING
3.1 Federal ....................................................................................................................................... 9
3.2 State of California ...................................................................................................................... 9
3.3 Regional ................................................................................................................................... 11
3.4 Local ......................................................................................................................................... 13
4 SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA AND METHODOLOGY
4.1 Air Quality Thresholds ............................................................................................................. 14
4.2 Methodology ........................................................................................................................... 15
5 POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION
5.1 Air Quality Analysis .................................................................................................................. 17
6 REFERENCES
References ............................................................................................................................... 27
TABLES
Table 1 Air Contaminants and Associated Public Health Concerns ....................................................... 6
Table 2 Ambient Air Quality Data .......................................................................................................... 8
Table 3 State and Federal Ambient Air Quality Standards .................................................................. 10
Table 4 South Coast Air Basin Attainment Status ................................................................................ 12
Table 5 South Coast Air Quality Management District Emissions Thresholds ..................................... 14
Table 6 Local Significance Thresholds for Construction/Operations ................................................... 15
Table 7 Construction-Related Emissions .............................................................................................. 19
Table 8 Operational Emissions ............................................................................................................. 19
Table 9 Equipment-Specific Grading Rates .......................................................................................... 22
Table 10 Localized Significance of Construction Emissions ................................................................... 22
Table 11 Localized Significance of Operational Emissions ..................................................................... 23
EXHIBITS
Exhibit 1 Regional Vicinity ........................................................................................................................ 2
Exhibit 2 Site Vicinity ................................................................................................................................ 3
Exhibit 3 Conceptual Site Plan .................................................................................................................. 4
APPENDICES
Appendix A: Air Quality Modeling Data
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LIST OF ABBREVIATED TERMS
AQMP air quality management plan
AB Assembly Bill
ADT average daily traffic
CAPCOA California Air Pollution Control Officers Association
CARB California Air Resources Board
CAAQS California Ambient Air Quality Standards
CCAA California Clean Air Act
CalEEMod California Emissions Estimator Model
CEQA California Environmental Quality Act
CO carbon monoxide
cy cubic yards
DPM diesel particulate matter
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
FCAA Federal Clean Air Act
H2S hydrogen sulfide
Pb lead
LST local significance threshold
µg/m3 micrograms per cubic meter
mg/m3 milligrams per cubic meter
NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards
NO2 nitrogen dioxide
NOx nitrogen oxide
O3 ozone
PM10 particulate matter less than 10 microns in diameter
PM2.5 particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter
ppm parts per million
ROG reactive organic gases
RTP/SCS Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy
SB Senate Bill
SRA source receptor area
SCAB South Coast Air Basin
SCAQMD South Coast Air Quality Management District
SCAG Southern California Association of Governments
sf square foot
SO4-2 sulfates
SO2 sulfur dioxide
TAC toxic air contaminant
C2H3Cl vinyl chloride
VOC volatile organic compound
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1 INTRODUCTION
This report documents the results of an Air Quality Assessment completed for the Citrus East Residential
Development Project (“Project” or “Proposed Project”). The purpose of this Air Quality Assessment is to
evaluate the potential construction and operational emissions associated with the Project and determine
the level of impact the Project would have on the environment.
1.1 Project Location and Setting
The Project site is located at the northeast corner of the intersection of Citrus Avenue and Summit Avenue
in the northern portion of the City of Fontana (City), within San Bernardino County (County); refer to
Exhibit 1: Regional Vicinity. The Project site is located approximately 0.9 miles north of State Route 210
(SR-210), approximately 1.9 miles east of the Interstate 15 (I-15), 5.7 miles north of the Interstate 10 (I-
10), and approximately 7.5 miles west of Interstate 215 (I-215); Exhibit 2: Site Vicinity.
The Project site is comprised of one parcel of approximately 8.65 acres in size and is currently vacant and
undeveloped (Assessor’s Parcel Numbers [APN]: 0239-141-30). The site is surrounded by single-family
residential developments to the north and east, Citrus Avenue and vacant land to the west, and Summit
Avenue and Sierra Lakes Element School to the south. The current land use according to the City’s General
Plan is (C-C) and is surrounded by residential land uses.
1.2 Project Description
The Project proposes a Planned Unit Development (PUD) of 76 detached single-family “motorcourt” units
with amenities, parking, landscaping, perimeter walls, and entry/exit gates on approximately 8.65 acres
of land; refer to Exhibit 3: Conceptual Site Plan. The density would be 8.78 dwelling units per acre (du/ac),
which would be similar to the maximum density in R-2 for attached/multi-family) of 12 du/ac and R-3 of
12-24 du/ac.
Project Circulation
Regional Project access would be from SR-210as well as I-15 via Citrus Avenue as well as Summit Avenue.
Local access would be provided via Citrus Avenue and Summit Avenue. Project site ingress and egress
would be via one gated driveway off of Summit Avenue.
Parking
The Project would be required to provide at least 238 parking stalls; however, the Project includes 347
parking stalls, see Exhibit 3.
Project Phasing and Construction
Project construction is anticipated to occur over a duration of approximately 12 months, commencing in
December 2022.
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Exhibit 1: Regional Vicinity
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Exhibit 2: Site Vicinity
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Exhibit 3: Conceptual Site Plan
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2 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
2.1 Climate and Meteorology
The California Air Resources Board (CARB) divides the State into 15 air basins that share similar
meteorological and topographical features. The Project is located within the South Coast Air Basin (SCAB),
which includes the non-desert portions of Los Angeles, Riverside, and San Bernardino counties, as well as
all of Orange County. The SCAB is on a coastal plain with connecting broad valleys and low hills, bounded
by the Pacific Ocean on the southwest and high mountains forming the remainder of the perimeter1. Air
quality in this area is determined by such natural factors as topography, meteorology, and climate, in
addition to the presence of existing air pollution sources and ambient conditions. These factors along with
applicable regulations are discussed below.
The SCAB is part of a semi-permanent high-pressure zone in the eastern Pacific. As a result, the climate is
mild and tempered by cool sea breezes. This usually mild weather pattern is occasionally interrupted by
periods of extreme heat, winter storms, and Santa Ana winds. The annual average temperature
throughout the 6,645-square-mile SCAB ranges from low 60 to high 80 degrees Fahrenheit with little
variance. With more oceanic influence, coastal areas show less variability in annual minimum and
maximum temperatures than inland areas.
Contrasting the steady pattern of temperature, rainfall is seasonally and annually highly variable. Almost
all annual rainfall occurs between the months of November and April. Summer rainfall is reduced to widely
scattered thundershowers near the coast, with slightly heavier activity in the east and over the mountains.
Although the SCAB has a semiarid climate, the air closer to the Earth’s surface is typically moist because
of the presence of a shallow marine layer. Except for occasional periods when dry, continental air is
brought into the SCAB by offshore winds, the “ocean effect” is dominant. Periods of heavy fog are
frequent and low clouds known as high fog are characteristic climatic features, especially along the coast.
Annual average humidity is 70 percent at the coast and 57 percent in the eastern portions of the SCAB.
Wind patterns across the SCAB are characterized by westerly or southwesterly on-shore winds during the
day and easterly or northeasterly breezes at night. Wind speed is typically higher during the dry summer
months than during the rainy winter. Between periods of wind, air stagnation may occur in both the
morning and evening hours. Air stagnation is one of the critical determinants of air quality conditions on
any given day. During winter and fall, surface high-pressure systems over the SCAB, combined with other
meteorological conditions, result in very strong, downslope Santa Ana winds. These winds normally
continue for a few days before predominant meteorological conditions are reestablished.
The mountain ranges to the east affect the diffusion of pollutants by inhibiting the eastward transport of
pollutants. Air quality in the SCAB generally ranges from fair to poor and is similar to air quality in most of
coastal Southern California. The entire region experiences heavy concentrations of air pollutants during
prolonged periods of stable atmospheric conditions.
In addition to the characteristic wind patterns that affect the rate and orientation of horizontal pollutant
transport, two distinct types of temperature inversions control the vertical depth through which air
pollutants are mixed. These inversions are the marine inversion and the radiation inversion. The height of
1 South Coast Air Quality Management District, CEQA Air Quality Handbook, 1993.
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the base of the inversion at any given time is called the “mixing height.” The combination of winds and
inversions is a critical determinant leading to highly degraded air quality for the SCAB in the summer and
generally good air quality in the winter.
2.2 Air Pollutants of Concern
The air pollutants emitted into the ambient air by stationary and mobile sources are regulated by state
and federal laws. These regulated air pollutants are known as “criteria air pollutants” and are categorized
into primary and secondary pollutants.
Primary air pollutants are emitted directly from sources. Carbon monoxide (CO), reactive organic gases
(ROG), nitrogen oxide (NOX), sulfur dioxide (SO2), coarse particulate matter (PM10), fine particulate matter
(PM2.5), and lead are primary air pollutants. Of these, CO, NOX, SO2, PM10, and PM2.5 are criteria pollutants.
ROG and NOX are criteria pollutant precursors and form secondary criteria pollutants through chemical
and photochemical reactions in the atmosphere. For example, the criteria pollutant ozone (O3) is formed
by a chemical reaction between ROG and NOX in the presence of sunlight. O3 and nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
are the principal secondary pollutants. Sources and health effects commonly associated with criteria
pollutants are summarized in Table 1: Air Contaminants and Associated Public Health Concerns.
Table 1: Air Contaminants and Associated Public Health Concerns
Pollutant Major Man-Made Sources Human Health Effects
Particulate Matter
(PM10 and PM2.5)
Power plants, steel mills, chemical plants,
unpaved roads and parking lots, wood-
burning stoves and fireplaces, automobiles
and others.
Increased respiratory symptoms, such as
irritation of the airways, coughing, or difficulty
breathing; asthma; chronic bronchitis; irregular
heartbeat; nonfatal heart attacks; and
premature death in people with heart or lung
disease. Impairs visibility.
Ozone (O3) Formed by a chemical reaction between
reactive organic gases/volatile organic
compounds (ROG or VOC)1 and nitrogen
oxides (NOX) in the presence of sunlight.
Motor vehicle exhaust industrial emissions,
gasoline storage and transport, solvents,
paints and landfills.
Irritates and causes inflammation of the
mucous membranes and lung airways; causes
wheezing, coughing, and pain when inhaling
deeply; decreases lung capacity; aggravates
lung and heart problems. Damages plants;
reduces crop yield.
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) A colorless gas formed when fuel containing
sulfur is burned and when gasoline is
extracted from oil. Examples are petroleum
refineries, cement manufacturing, metal
processing facilities, locomotives, and ships.
Respiratory irritant. Aggravates lung and heart
problems. In the presence of moisture and
oxygen, sulfur dioxide converts to sulfuric acid
which can damage marble, iron and steel.
Damages crops and natural vegetation. Impairs
visibility. Precursor to acid rain.
Carbon Monoxide (CO) An odorless, colorless gas formed when
carbon in fuel is not burned completely; a
component of motor vehicle exhaust.
Reduces the ability of blood to deliver oxygen
to vital tissues, affecting the cardiovascular and
nervous system. Impairs vision, causes
dizziness, and can lead to unconsciousness or
death.
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) A reddish-brown gas formed during fuel
combustion for motor vehicles and
industrial sources. Sources include motor
vehicles, electric utilities, and other sources
that burn fuel.
Respiratory irritant; aggravates lung and heart
problems. Precursor to O3. Contributes to
global warming and nutrient overloading which
deteriorates water quality. Causes brown
discoloration of the atmosphere.
Lead (Pb) Lead is a metal found naturally in the
environment as well as in manufactured
products. The major sources of lead
Exposure to lead occurs mainly through
inhalation of air and ingestion of lead in food,
water, soil, or dust. It accumulates in the blood,
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Table 1: Air Contaminants and Associated Public Health Concerns
Pollutant Major Man-Made Sources Human Health Effects
emissions have historically been motor
vehicles (such as cars and trucks) and
industrial sources. Due to the phase out of
leaded gasoline, metals processing is the
major source of lead emissions to the air
today. The highest levels of lead in air are
generally found near lead smelters. Other
stationary sources are waste incinerators,
utilities, and lead-acid battery
manufacturers.
bones, and soft tissues and can adversely affect
the kidneys, liver, nervous system, and other
organs. Excessive exposure to lead may cause
neurological impairments such as seizures,
mental retardation, and behavioral disorders.
Even at low doses, lead exposure is associated
with damage to the nervous systems of fetuses
and young children, resulting in learning
deficits and lowered IQ.
1. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs or Reactive Organic Gases [ROG]) are hydrocarbons/organic gases that are formed solely of hydrogen
and carbon. There are several subsets of organic gases including ROGs and VOCs. Both ROGs and VOCs are emitted from the incomplete
combustion of hydrocarbons or other carbon-based fuels. The major sources of hydrocarbons are combustion engine exhaust, oil
refineries, and oil-fueled power plants; other common sources are petroleum fuels, solvents, dry cleaning solutions, and paint (via
evaporation).
Source: California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA), Health Effects, http://www.capcoa.org/health-effects/, accessed
November 2, 2021.
Toxic Air Contaminants
Toxic air contaminants (TACs) are airborne substances that can cause short-term (acute) or long-term (i.e.
chronic, carcinogenic or cancer causing) adverse human health effects (i.e. injury or illness). TACs include
both organic and inorganic chemical substances. They may be emitted from a variety of common sources
including gasoline stations, automobiles, dry cleaners, industrial operations, and painting operations. The
current California list of TACs includes more than 200 compounds, including particulate emissions from
diesel-fueled engines.
CARB identified diesel particulate matter (DPM) as a toxic air contaminant. DPM differs from other TACs
in that it is not a single substance but rather a complex mixture of hundreds of substances. Diesel exhaust
is a complex mixture of particles and gases produced when an engine burns diesel fuel. DPM is a concern
because it causes lung cancer; many compounds found in diesel exhaust are carcinogenic. DPM includes
the particle-phase constituents in diesel exhaust. The chemical composition and particle sizes of DPM vary
between different engine types (heavy-duty, light-duty), engine operating conditions (idle, accelerate,
decelerate), fuel formulations (high/low sulfur fuel), and the year of the engine. Some short-term (acute)
effects of diesel exhaust include eye, nose, throat, and lung irritation, and diesel exhaust can cause
coughs, headaches, light-headedness, and nausea. DPM poses the greatest health risk among the TACs.
Almost all diesel exhaust particle mass is 10 microns or less in diameter. Due to their extremely small size,
these particles can be inhaled and eventually trapped in the bronchial and alveolar regions of the lung.
Ambient Air Quality
CARB monitors ambient air quality at approximately 250 air monitoring stations across the State. These
stations usually measure pollutant concentrations ten feet above ground level; therefore, air quality is
often referred to in terms of ground-level concentrations. Existing levels of ambient air quality, historical
trends, and projections near the Project are documented by measurements made by the South Coast Air
Quality Management District (SCAQMD), the air pollution regulatory agency in the SCAB that maintains
air quality monitoring stations which process ambient air quality measurements.
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Pollutants of concern in the SCAB include O3, PM10, and PM2.5. The closest air monitoring station to the
Project that monitors ambient concentrations of these pollutants is the Fontana-Arrow Monitoring Station
(located approximately 4.11 miles to the southwest). Local air quality data from 2018 to 2020 are provided
in Table 2: Ambient Air Quality Data, which lists the monitored maximum concentrations and number of
exceedances of state or federal air quality standards for each year.
Table 2: Ambient Air Quality Data
Criteria Pollutant 2018 2019 2020
Ozone (O3) 1
1-hour Maximum Concentration (ppm) 0.141 0.124 0.151
8-hour Maximum Concentration (ppm) 0.111 0.109 0.111
Number of Days Standard Exceeded
CAAQS 1-hour (>0.09 ppm) 38 41 56
NAAQS 8-hour (>0.070 ppm) 69 67 89
Carbon Monoxide (CO) 1
1-hour Maximum Concentration (ppm) 1.92 2.75 1.665
Number of Days Standard Exceeded
NAAQS 1-hour (>35 ppm) 0 0 0
CAAQS 1-hour (>20 ppm) 0 0 0
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) 1
1-hour Maximum Concentration (ppm) 0.063 0.076 0.066
Number of Days Standard Exceeded
NAAQS 1-hour (>.100 ppm) 0 0 0
CAAQS 1-hour (>0.18 ppm) 0 0 0
Particulate Matter Less Than 10 Microns (PM10) 1
National 24-hour Maximum Concentration 64.1 88.8 76.8
State 24-hour Maximum Concentration 61.5 85.1 73.6
State Annual Average Concentration (CAAQS=20 µg/m3) — — -
Number of Days Standard Exceeded
NAAQS 24-hour (>150 µg/m3) 0 0 0
CAAQS 24-hour (>50 µg/m3) 8 11 6
Particulate Matter Less Than 2.5 Microns (PM2.5) 1
National 24-hour Maximum Concentration 29.2 81.3 57.6
State 24-hour Maximum Concentration 29.2 81.3 57.6
Number of Days Standard Exceeded
NAAQS 24-hour (>35 µg/m3) 0 3 4
NAAQS = National Ambient Air Quality Standards; CAAQS = California Ambient Air Quality Standards; ppm = parts per million;
µg/m3 = micrograms per cubic meter; – = not measured
1. Measurements taken at the Fontana-Arrow Monitoring Station at 14360 Arrow Boulevard, Fontana, California 92335 (CARB# 36197)
Source: All pollutant measurements are from the CARB Aerometric Data Analysis and Management system database
(https://www.arb.ca.gov/adam) except for CO, which were retrieved from the CARB Air Quality and Meteorological Information System
(https://www.arb.ca.gov/qaweb/siteinfo.php).
2.3 Sensitive Receptors
Sensitive populations are more susceptible to the effects of air pollution than is the general population.
Sensitive receptors that are in proximity to localized sources of toxics are of particular concern. Land uses
considered sensitive receptors include residences, schools, playgrounds, childcare centers, long-term
health care facilities, rehabilitation centers, convalescent centers, and retirement homes. Sensitive land
uses near the Project include single-family residential uses located approximately 60 feet to the north and
east of the site. There are also residences and a school directly south of Summit Avenue (approximately
100 feet from the Project site).
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3 REGULATORY SETTING
3.1 Federal
Federal Clean Air Act
Air quality is federally protected by the Federal Clean Air Act (FCAA) and its amendments. Under the FCAA,
the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) developed the primary and secondary National
Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for the criteria air pollutants including O3, NO2, CO, SO2, PM10,
PM2.5, and lead. Proposed projects in or near nonattainment areas could be subject to more stringent air-
permitting requirements. The FCAA requires each state to prepare a State Implementation Plan to
demonstrate how it will attain the NAAQS within the federally imposed deadlines.
The EPA can withhold certain transportation funds from states that fail to comply with the planning
requirements of the FCAA. If a state fails to correct these planning deficiencies within two years of Federal
notification, the EPA is required to develop a Federal implementation plan for the identified
nonattainment area or areas. The provisions of 40 Code of Federal Regulations Parts 51 and 93 apply in
all nonattainment and maintenance areas for transportation-related criteria pollutants for which the area
is designated nonattainment or has a maintenance plan. The EPA has designated enforcement of air
pollution control regulations to the individual states. Applicable federal standards are summarized in
Table 3: State and Federal Ambient Air Quality Standards.
3.2 State of California
California Air Resources Board
CARB administers the air quality policy in California. The California Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS)
were established in 1969 pursuant to the Mulford-Carrell Act. These standards, included with the NAAQS
in Table 3, are generally more stringent and apply to more pollutants than the NAAQS. In addition to the
criteria pollutants, CAAQS have been established for visibility reducing particulates, hydrogen sulfide, and
sulfates.
The California Clean Air Act (CCAA), which was approved in 1988, requires that each local air district
prepare and maintain an Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP) to achieve compliance with CAAQS. These
AQMPs also serve as the basis for the preparation of the State Implementation Plan for meeting federal
clean air standards for the State of California. Like the EPA, CARB also designates areas within California
as either attainment or nonattainment for each criteria pollutant based on whether the CAAQS have been
achieved. Under the CCAA, areas are designated as nonattainment for a pollutant if air quality data shows
that a state standard for the pollutant was violated at least once during the previous three calendar years.
Exceedances that are affected by highly irregular or infrequent events such as wildfires, volcanoes, etc.
are not considered violations of a state standard, and are not used as a basis for designating areas as
nonattainment. The applicable State standards are summarized in Table 3.
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Table 3: State and Federal Ambient Air Quality Standards
Pollutant Averaging Time State Standards1 Federal Standards2
Ozone (O3) 2, 5, 7 8 Hour 0.070 ppm (137 µg/m3) 0.070 ppm
1 Hour 0.09 ppm (180 µg/m3) NA
Carbon Monoxide (CO) 8 Hour 9.0 ppm (10 mg/m3) 9 ppm (10 mg/m3)
1 Hour 20 ppm (23 mg/m3) 35 ppm (40 mg/m3)
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) 1 Hour 0.18 ppm (339 µg/m3) 0.10 ppm11
Annual Arithmetic Mean 0.030 ppm (57 µg/m3) 0.053 ppm (100 µg/m3)
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 8
24 Hour 0.04 ppm (105 µg/m3) 0.14 ppm (365 µg/m3)
1 Hour 0.25 ppm (655 µg/m3) 0.075 ppm (196 µg/m3)
Annual Arithmetic Mean NA 0.03 ppm (80 µg/m3)
Particulate Matter (PM10) 1, 3, 6 24-Hour 50 µg/m3 150 µg/m3
Annual Arithmetic Mean 20 µg/m3 NA
Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) 3, 4, 6, 9 24-Hour NA 35 µg/m3
Annual Arithmetic Mean 12 µg/m3 12 µg/m3
Sulfates (SO4-2) 24 Hour 25 µg/m3 NA
Lead (Pb) 10, 11
30-Day Average 1.5 µg/m3 NA
Calendar Quarter NA 1.5 µg/m3
Rolling 3-Month Average NA 0.15 µg/m3
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) 1 Hour 0.03 ppm (0.42 µg/m3) NA
Vinyl Chloride (C2H3CI) 10 24 Hour 0.01 ppm (26 µg/m3) NA
Notes:
ppm = parts per million; µg/m3 = micrograms per cubic meter; mg/m3 = milligrams per cubic meter; – = no information available.
1. California standards for O3, carbon monoxide (except Lake Tahoe), sulfur dioxide (1-hour and 24-hour), nitrogen dioxide, suspended
particulate matter - PM10, and visibility reducing particles are values that are not to be exceeded. The standards for sulfates, Lake Tahoe
carbon monoxide, lead, hydrogen sulfide, and vinyl chloride are not to be equaled or exceeded. If the standard is for a 1-hour, 8-hour or
24-hour average (i.e., all standards except for lead and the PM10 annual standard), then some measurements may be excluded.
Measurements are excluded that CARB determines would occur less than once per year on the average. The Lake Tahoe carbon monoxide
standard is 6.0 ppm, a level one-half the national standard and two-thirds the State standard.
2. National standards shown are the "primary standards" designed to protect public health. National standards other than for O3, particulates
and those based on annual averages are not to be exceeded more than once a year. The 1-hour O3 standard is attained if, during the most
recent three-year period, the average number of days per year with maximum hourly concentrations above the standard is equal to or
less than one. The 8-hour O3 standard is attained when the 3-year average of the 4th highest daily concentrations is 0.070 ppm or less. The
24-hour PM10 standard is attained when the 3-year average of the 99th percentile of monitored concentrations is less than 150 µg/m3. The
24-hour PM2.5 standard is attained when the 3-year average of 98th percentiles is less than 35 µg/m3.
3. Except for the national particulate standards, annual standards are met if the annual average falls below the standard at every site. The
national annual particulate standard for PM10 is met if the 3-year average falls below the standard at every site. The annual PM2.5 standard
is met if the 3-year average of annual averages spatially-averaged across officially designed clusters of sites falls below the standard.
NAAQS are set by the EPA at levels determined to be protective of public health with an adequate margin of safety.
4. On October 1, 2015, the national 8-hour O3 primary and secondary standards were lowered from 0.075 to 0.070 ppm. An area will meet
the standard if the fourth-highest maximum daily 8-hour O3 concentration per year, averaged over three years, is equal to or less than
0.070 ppm. EPA will make recommendations on attainment designations by October 1, 2016, and issue final designations October 1, 2017.
Nonattainment areas will have until 2020 to late 2037 to meet the health standard, with attainment dates varying based on the O3 level
in the area.
5. The national 1-hour O3 standard was revoked by the EPA on June 15, 2005.
6. In June 2002, CARB established new annual standards for PM2.5 and PM10.
7. The 8-hour California O3 standard was approved by the CARB on April 28, 2005 and became effective on May 17, 2006.
8. On June 2, 2010, the EPA established a new 1-hour SO2 standard, effective August 23, 2010, which is based on the 3-year average of the
annual 99th percentile of 1-hour daily maximum concentrations. The existing 0.030 ppm annual and 0.14 ppm 24-hour SO2 NAAQS however
must continue to be used until one year following EPA initial designations of the new 1-hour SO2 NAAQS.
9. In December 2012, EPA strengthened the annual PM2.5 NAAQS from 15.0 to 12.0 μg/m3. In December 2014, the EPA issued final area
designations for the 2012 primary annual PM2.5 NAAQS. Areas designated “unclassifiable/attainment” must continue to take steps to
prevent their air quality from deteriorating to unhealthy levels. The effective date of this standard is April 15, 2015.
10. CARB has identified lead and vinyl chloride as ‘toxic air contaminants’ with no threshold level of exposure below which there are no
adverse health effects determined.
11. National lead standard, rolling 3-month average: final rule signed October 15, 2008. Final designations effective December 31, 2011.
Source: South Coast Air Quality Management District, Air Quality Management Plan, 2016; California Air Resources Board, Ambient Air Quality
Standards, May 6, 2016.
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3.3 Regional
South Coast Air Quality Management District
The SCAQMD is the air pollution control agency for Orange County and the urban portions of Los Angeles,
Riverside, and San Bernardino Counties. The agency’s primary responsibility is ensuring that state and
federal ambient air quality standards are attained and maintained in the SCAB. The SCAQMD is also
responsible for adopting and enforcing rules and regulations concerning air pollutant sources, issuing
permits for stationary sources of air pollutants, inspecting stationary sources of air pollutants, responding
to citizen complaints, monitoring ambient air quality and meteorological conditions, awarding grants to
reduce motor vehicle emissions, conducting public education campaigns, and many other activities. All
projects are subject to SCAQMD rules and regulations in effect at the time of construction.
The SCAQMD is also the lead agency in charge of developing the AQMP, with input from the Southern
California Association of Governments (SCAG) and CARB. The AQMP is a comprehensive plan that includes
control strategies for stationary and area sources, as well as for on-road and off-road mobile sources.
SCAG has the primary responsibility for providing future growth projections and the development and
implementation of transportation control measures. CARB, in coordination with federal agencies,
provides the control element for mobile sources.
The 2016 AQMP was adopted by the SCAQMD Governing Board on March 3, 2017. The purpose of the
AQMP is to set forth a comprehensive and integrated program that would lead the SCAB into compliance
with the federal 24-hour PM2.5 air quality standard, and to provide an update to the SCAQMD’s
commitments towards meeting the federal 8-hour O3 standards. The AQMP incorporates the latest
scientific and technological information and planning assumptions, including the 2016-2040 Regional
Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy (RTP/SCS) and updated emission inventory
methodologies for various source categories.
The SCAQMD has published the CEQA Air Quality Handbook (approved by the SCAQMD Governing Board
in 1993 and augmented with guidance for Local Significance Thresholds [LST] in 2008). The SCAQMD
guidance helps local government agencies and consultants to develop environmental documents required
by California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and provides identification of suggested thresholds of
significance for criteria pollutants for both construction and operation (see discussion of thresholds
below). With the help of the CEQA Air Quality Handbook and associated guidance, local land use planners
and consultants are able to analyze and document how proposed and existing projects affect air quality
in order to meet the requirements of the CEQA review process. The SCAQMD periodically provides
supplemental guidance and updates to the handbook on their website.
The SCAG is the regional planning agency for Los Angeles, Orange, Ventura, Riverside, San Bernardino,
and Imperial Counties and serves as a forum for regional issues relating to transportation, the economy,
community development, and the environment. Under federal law, SCAG is designated as a Metropolitan
Planning Organization and under State law as a Regional Transportation Planning Agency and a Council of
Governments.
The state and federal attainment status designations for the SCAB are summarized in Table 4: South Coast
Air Basin Attainment Status. The SCAB is currently designated as a nonattainment area with respect to the
State O3, PM10, and PM2.5 standards, as well as the national 8-hour O3 and PM2.5 standards. The SCAB is
designated as attainment or unclassified for the remaining state and federal standards.
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Table 4: South Coast Air Basin Attainment Status
Pollutant State Federal
Ozone (O3)
(1 Hour Standard) Non-Attainment Non-Attainment (Extreme)
Ozone (O3)
(8 Hour Standard) Non-Attainment Non-Attainment (Extreme)
Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
(24 Hour Standard) – Non-Attainment (Serious)
Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
(Annual Standard) Non-Attainment Non-Attainment (Moderate)
Particulate Matter (PM10)
(24 Hour Standard) Non-Attainment Attainment (Maintenance)
Particulate Matter (PM10)
(Annual Standard) Non-Attainment –
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
(1 Hour Standard) Attainment Attainment (Maintenance)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
(8 Hour Standard) Attainment Attainment (Maintenance)
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
(1 Hour Standard) Attainment Unclassifiable/Attainment
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
(Annual Standard) Attainment Attainment (Maintenance)
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
(1 Hour Standard) Attainment Unclassifiable/Attainment
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
(24 Hour Standard) Attainment –
Lead (Pb)
(30 Day Standard) – Unclassifiable/Attainment
Lead (Pb)
(3 Month Standard) Attainment –
Sulfates (SO4-2)
(24 Hour Standard) Attainment –
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)
(1 Hour Standard) Unclassified –
Source: South Coast Air Quality Management District, Air Quality Management Plan, 2016; United States Environmental Protection Agency,
Nonattainment Areas for Criteria Pollutants (Green Book), 2018.
The following is a list of SCAQMD rules that are required of construction activities associated with the
Project:
Rule 402 (Nuisance) – This rule prohibits the discharge from any source whatsoever such
quantities of air contaminants or other material which cause injury, detriment, nuisance, or
annoyance to any considerable number of persons or to the public, or which endanger the
comfort, repose, health, or safety of any such persons or the public, or which cause, or have a
natural tendency to cause, injury or damage to business or property. This rule does not apply to
odors emanating from agricultural operations necessary for the growing of crops or the raising of
fowl or animals.
Rule 403 (Fugitive Dust) – This rule requires fugitive dust sources to implement best available
control measures for all sources, and all forms of visible particulate matter are prohibited from
crossing any property line. This rule is intended to reduce PM10 emissions from any transportation,
handling, construction, or storage activity that has the potential to generate fugitive dust. PM10
suppression techniques are summarized below.
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a) Portions of a construction site to remain inactive longer than a period of three months
will be seeded and watered until grass cover is grown or otherwise stabilized.
b) All on-site roads will be paved as soon as feasible or watered periodically or chemically
stabilized.
c) All material transported off-site will be either sufficiently watered or securely covered to
prevent excessive amounts of dust.
d) The area disturbed by clearing, grading, earthmoving, or excavation operations will be
minimized at all times.
e) Where vehicles leave a construction site and enter adjacent public streets, the streets will
be swept daily or washed down at the end of the work day to remove soil tracked onto
the paved surface.
Rule 1113 (Architectural Coatings) – This rule requires manufacturers, distributors, and end users
of architectural and industrial maintenance coatings to reduce ROG emissions from the use of
these coatings, primarily by placing limits on the ROG content of various coating categories.
3.4 Local
City of Fontana General Plan
Chapter 6, Building a Healthier Fontana of the City’s General Plan identifies goals that will result in a
healthier city. Goals and policies that relate to air quality impacts include the following:
Goal 1: The average lifespan in Fontana is consistently within the top ten of all southern California
cities.
Policy 1.3: Support local and regional initiatives to improve air quality in order to reduce asthma
while actively discouraging development that may exacerbate asthma.
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4 SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA AND METHODOLOGY
4.1 Air Quality Thresholds
Based upon the criteria derived from Appendix G of the CEQA Guidelines, a Project normally would have
a significant effect on the environment if it would:
Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan.
Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the Project
region is in nonattainment under an applicable state or federal ambient air quality standard.
Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations.
Result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely affecting a substantial number
of people.
SCAQMD Thresholds
The significance criteria established by SCAQMD may be relied upon to make the above determinations.
According to the SCAQMD, an air quality impact is considered significant if the Project would violate any
ambient air quality standard, contribute substantially to an existing or projected air quality violation, or
expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations. The SCAQMD has established
thresholds of significance for air quality during construction and operational activities of land use
development projects, as shown in Table 5: South Coast Air Quality Management District Emissions
Thresholds.
Table 5: South Coast Air Quality Management District Emissions Thresholds
Criteria Air Pollutants and Precursors Maximum Pounds Per Day
Construction-Related Operational-Related
Reactive Organic Gases (ROG) 75 55
Carbon Monoxide (CO) 550 550
Nitrogen Oxides (NOX) 100 55
Sulfur Oxides (SOX) 150 150
Coarse Particulates (PM10) 150 150
Fine Particulates (PM2.5) 55 55
Source: South Coast Air Quality Management District, South Coast AQMD Air Quality Significance Thresholds, April 2019.
Localized Carbon Monoxide
In addition to the daily thresholds listed above, development associated with the Project would also be
subject to the ambient air quality standards. These are addressed though an analysis of localized CO
impacts. The significance of localized impacts depends on whether ambient CO levels near the Project are
above state and federal CO standards (the more stringent California standards are 20 ppm for 1-hour and
9 ppm for 8-hour). The SCAB has been designated as attainment under the 1-hour and 8-hour standards.
Localized Significance Thresholds
In addition to the CO hotspot analysis, the SCAQMD developed LSTs for emissions of NO2, CO, PM10, and
PM2.5 generated at new development sites (off-site mobile source emissions are not included in the LST
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analysis). LSTs represent the maximum emissions that can be generated at a project without expecting to
cause or substantially contribute to an exceedance of the most stringent state or federal ambient air
quality standards. LSTs are based on the ambient concentrations of that pollutant within the Project
source receptor area (SRA), as demarcated by the SCAQMD, and the distance to the nearest sensitive
receptor. LST analysis for construction is applicable for all projects that disturb five acres or less on a single
day. The City of Fontana is located within SCAQMD SRA 34 (Central San Bernardino Valley). Table 6: Local
Significance Thresholds for Construction/Operations, shows the LSTs for a 1-acre, 2-acre, and 5-acre
project in SRA 34 with sensitive receptors located within 25 meters of the Project. LSTs associated with all
acreage categories are provided in Table 6 for informational purposes. Table 6 shows that the LSTs
increase as acreages increase. It should be noted that LSTs are screening thresholds and are therefore
conservative. The construction LST acreage is determined based daily acreage disturbed. The operational
LST acreage is based on the total area of the Project site. Although the Project site is greater than 5 acres,
the 5-acre operational LSTs are conservatively used to evaluate the Project.
Table 6: Local Significance Thresholds for Construction/Operations
Project Size
Maximum Pounds Per Day
Nitrogen Oxide
(NOx)
Carbon Monoxide
(CO)
Coarse Particulates
(PM10)
Fine Particulates
(PM2.5)
1 Acre 118/118 667/667 4/1 3/1
2 Acres 170/170 972/972 7/2 4/1
5 Acres 270/270 1,746/1,746 14/4 8/2
Source: South Coast Air Quality Management District, Localized Significance Threshold Methodology, July 2008.
4.2 Methodology
This air quality impact analysis considers construction and operational impacts associated with the
Project. Where criteria air pollutant quantification was required, emissions were modeled using the
California Emissions Estimator Model (CalEEMod) version 2020.4.0. CalEEMod is a Statewide land use
emissions computer model designed to quantify potential criteria pollutant emissions associated with
both construction and operations from a variety of land use projects. Air quality impacts were assessed
according to methodologies recommended by CARB and the SCAQMD.
Construction equipment, trucks, worker vehicles, and ground-disturbing activities associated with Project
construction would generate emissions of criteria air pollutants and precursors. Daily regional
construction emissions are estimated by assuming construction occurs at the earliest feasible date (i.e., a
conservative estimate of construction activities) and applying off-road, fugitive dust, and on-road
emissions factors in CalEEMod.
Project operations would result in emissions of area sources (consumer products), energy sources (natural
gas usage), and mobile sources (motor vehicles from Project generated vehicle trips). Project-generated
increases in operational emissions would be predominantly associated with motor vehicle use. The
increase of traffic over existing conditions as a result of the Project was obtained from the Trip Generation
and VMT Screening Memorandum for the Proposed Citrus East Residential Project in the City of Fontana
(Kimley-Horn, 2021) (Traffic Impact Study). Other operational emissions from area, energy, and stationary
sources were quantified in CalEEMod based on land use activity data.
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As discussed above, the SCAQMD provides significance thresholds for emissions associated with proposed
Project construction and operations. The proposed Project’s construction and operational emissions are
compared to the daily criteria pollutant emissions significance thresholds in order to determine the
significance of a Project’s impact on regional air quality.
The localized effects from the Project’s on-site emissions were evaluated in accordance with the
SCAQMD’s LST methodology, which uses on-site mass emissions rate look-up tables and Project-specific
modeling. LSTs represent the maximum emissions from a project that are not expected to cause or
contribute to an exceedance of the most stringent applicable federal or state ambient air quality standards
and are developed based on the ambient concentrations of that pollutant for each source receptor area
and distance to the nearest sensitive receptor.
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5 POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION
5.1 Air Quality Analysis
Threshold 5.1 Would the Project conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality
plan?
As part of its enforcement responsibilities, the EPA requires each state with nonattainment areas to
prepare and submit a State Implementation Plan that demonstrates the means to attain the federal
standards. The State Implementation Plan (SIP) must integrate federal, state, and local plan components
and regulations to identify specific measures to reduce pollution in nonattainment areas, using a
combination of performance standards and market-based programs. Similarly, under State law, the CCAA
requires an air quality attainment plan to be prepared for areas designated as nonattainment regarding
the state and federal ambient air quality standards. Air quality attainment plans outline emissions limits
and control measures to achieve and maintain these standards by the earliest practical date.
The Project is located within the SCAB, which is under the jurisdiction of the SCAQMD. The SCAQMD is
required, pursuant to the FCAA, to reduce emissions of criteria pollutants for which the SCAB is in
nonattainment. To reduce such emissions, the SCAQMD drafted the 2016 AQMP. The 2016 AQMP
establishes a program of rules and regulations directed at reducing air pollutant emissions and achieving state
(California) and national air quality standards. The 2016 AQMP is a regional and multi-agency effort including
the SCAQMD, the CARB, the SCAG, and the EPA. The plan’s pollutant control strategies are based on the latest
scientific and technical information and planning assumptions, including SCAG’s growth projections and
RTP/SCS, updated emission inventory methodologies for various source categories, and SCAG’s latest growth
forecasts. SCAG’s latest growth forecasts were defined in consultation with local governments and with
reference to local general plans. The Project is subject to the SCAQMD’s AQMP.
Criteria for determining consistency with the AQMP are defined by the following indicators:
Consistency Criterion No. 1: The Project will not result in an increase in the frequency or severity
of existing air quality violations, or cause or contribute to new violations, or delay the timely
attainment of air quality standards or the interim emissions reductions specified in the AQMP.
Consistency Criterion No. 2: The Project will not exceed the assumptions in the AQMP or
increments based on the years of the Project build-out phase.
According to the SCAQMD’s CEQA Air Quality Handbook, the purpose of the consistency finding is to
determine if a project is inconsistent with the assumptions and objectives of the regional air quality plans,
and thus if it would interfere with the region’s ability to comply with CAAQS and NAAQS.
The violations to which Consistency Criterion No. 1 refers are CAAQS and NAAQS. As shown in Table 7 and
Table 8 below, the Project would not exceed the construction and operation emission standards set by
SCAQMD. Thus, the project would be consistent with the first criterion.
Concerning Consistency Criterion No. 2, the AQMP contains air pollutant reduction strategies based on
SCAG’s latest growth forecasts, and SCAG’s growth forecasts were defined in consultation with local
governments and with reference to local general plans. The Project site is designated as Multi-Family
Residential (R-MF). The Project is consistent with the City’s General Plan Land Use Designations and the
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Zoning Designations and would not require a General Plan Amendment (GPA) and a Zone Change. As such,
the Project is consistent with SCAG’s latest growth forecasts. Thus, the Project is consistent with the
second criterion. The Project would be consistent with both criterion and thus impacts would be less than
significant.
Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.
Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.
Threshold 5.2 Would the Project result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria
pollutant for which the Project region is non-attainment under an applicable state or
federal ambient air quality standard?
Construction Emissions
Construction associated with the Project would generate short-term emissions of criteria air pollutants.
The criteria pollutants of primary concern within the Project area include O3-precursor pollutants (i.e.,
ROG and NOX), CO, SO2, PM10 and PM2.5. Construction-generated emissions are short term and of
temporary duration, lasting only as long as construction activities occur, but would be considered a
significant air quality impact if the volume of pollutants generated exceeds the SCAQMD’s thresholds of
significance.
Construction results in the temporary generation of emissions resulting from site grading, road paving,
motor vehicle exhaust associated with construction equipment and worker trips, and the movement of
construction equipment, especially on unpaved surfaces. Emissions of airborne particulate matter are
largely dependent on the amount of ground disturbance associated with site preparation activities as well
as weather conditions and the appropriate application of water.
The duration of construction activities associated with the Project is estimated to last approximately 12
months. Construction-generated emissions associated the Project were calculated using the CARB-
approved CalEEMod computer program, which is designed to model emissions for land use development
projects, based on typical construction requirements. See Appendix A: Air Quality Modeling Data for more
information regarding the construction assumptions used in this analysis. Predicted maximum daily
construction-generated emissions for the Project are summarized in in Table 7: Construction-Related
Emissions.
Fugitive dust emissions may have a substantial, temporary impact on local air quality. In addition, fugitive
dust may be a nuisance to those living and working in the Project vicinity. Uncontrolled dust from
construction can become a nuisance and potential health hazard to those living and working nearby.
SCAQMD Rules 402 and 403 (prohibition of nuisances, watering of inactive and perimeter areas, track out
requirements, etc.), are applicable to the Project and were applied in CalEEMod to minimize fugitive dust
emissions. Standard Condition (SC) AQ-1 requires the implementation of Rule 402 and 403 dust control
techniques to minimize PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations. While impacts would be considered less than
significant, Project would be subject to SCAQMD Rules for reducing fugitive dust, described in the
Regulatory Framework subsection above and identified in Standard Conditions SC AQ-1.
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Table 7: Construction-Related Emissions
Construction Year
Maximum Pounds Per Day
Reactive
Organic
Gases
(ROG)
Nitrogen
Oxide
(NOx)
Carbon
Monoxide
(CO)
Sulfur
Dioxide
(SO2)
Coarse
Particulate
Matter
(PM10)
Fine
Particulate
Matter
(PM2.5)
2022 3.24 65.62 27.14 0.22 10.21 5.85
2023 29.38 54.20 38.45 0.21 9.67 4.02
SCAQMD Threshold 75 100 550 150 150 55
Exceed SCAQMD
Threshold? No No No No No No
Notes: SCAQMD Rule 403 Fugitive Dust applied. The Rule 403 reduction/credits include the following: properly maintain mobile and other
construction equipment; replace ground cover in disturbed areas quickly; water exposed surfaces three times daily; cover stock piles with
tarps; water all haul roads twice daily; and limit speeds on unpaved roads to 15 miles per hour. Reductions percentages from the SCAQMD
CEQA Handbook (Tables XI-A through XI-E) were applied. No mitigation was applied to construction equipment. Refer to Appendix A for Model
Data Outputs.
Source: CalEEMod version 2020.4.0. Refer to Appendix A for model outputs.
As shown in Table 7, all criteria pollutant emissions would remain below their respective thresholds. While
impacts would be considered less than significant, the Project would be subject to SCAQMD Rules 402,
403, and 1113, described in the Regulatory Framework subsection above and required by SC AQ-1.
Operational Emissions
The Project’s operational emissions would be associated with area sources (e.g., landscape maintenance
equipment, architectural coatings, off-road equipment, etc.), energy sources, mobile sources (i.e., motor
vehicle use), and off-road equipment. Primary sources of operational criteria pollutants are from motor
vehicle use and area sources. Long-term operational emissions attributable to the Project are summarized
in Table 8: Operational Emissions. The operational emissions sources are described below.
Table 8: Operational Emissions
Source
Maximum Pounds Per Day
Reactive
Organic
Gases
(ROG)
Nitrogen
Oxide
(NOx)
Carbon
Monoxide
(CO)
Sulfur
Dioxide
(SO2)
Coarse
Particulate
Matter
(PM10)
Fine
Particulate
Matter
(PM2.5)
Area Source Emissions 4.71 1.14 6.74 <0.01 0.12 0.12
Energy Emissions 0.03 0.28 0.12 <0.01 0.02 0.02
Mobile Emissions 1.85 2.38 18.15 0.04 4.07 1.11
Total Emissions 6.60 3.80 25.01 0.05 4.22 1.25
SCAQMD Threshold 55 55 550 150 150 55
Exceeds Threshold? No No No No No No
Source: CalEEMod version 2020.4.0. Refer to Appendix A for model outputs.
Area Source Emissions. Area source emissions would be generated due to on-site equipment,
architectural coating, and landscaping that were previously not present on the site.
Energy Source Emissions. Energy source emissions would be generated due to electricity and
natural gas usage associated with the Project. Primary uses of electricity and natural gas by
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the Project would be for space heating and cooling, water heating, ventilation, lighting,
appliances, and electronics.
Mobile Source. Mobile sources are emissions from motor vehicles, including tailpipe and
evaporative emissions. Depending upon the pollutant being discussed, the potential air
quality impact may be of either regional or local concern. For example, ROG, NOX, PM10, and
PM2.5 are all pollutants of regional concern. NOX and ROG react with sunlight to form O3,
known as photochemical smog. Additionally, wind currents readily transport PM10 and PM2.5.
However, CO tends to be a localized pollutant, dispersing rapidly at the source.
Project-generated vehicle emissions are based on the trip generation within the Trip Generation and VMT
Screening Memorandum for the Proposed Citrus East Residential Project in the City of Fontana (Kimley-
Horn, 2021) (Traffic Impact Study), and incorporated into CalEEMod as recommended by the SCAQMD.
Based on the trip rates from the Traffic Impact Study, the Project would generate 556 daily trips.
As shown in Table 8, all criteria pollutant emissions would remain below their respective thresholds during
Project operations. Therefore, the Project would result in a less than significant impact.
Cumulative Construction Emissions
The SCAB is designated nonattainment for O3, PM10, and PM2.5 for State standards and nonattainment for
O3 and PM2.5 for Federal standards. Appendix D of the SCAQMD White Paper on Potential Control
Strategies to Address Cumulative Impacts from Air Pollution (2003) notes that projects that result in
emissions that do not exceed the project-specific SCAQMD regional thresholds of significance should
result in a less than significant impact on a cumulative basis unless there is other pertinent information to
the contrary. The mass-based regional significance thresholds published by the SCAQMD are designed to
ensure compliance with both NAAQS and CAAQS and are based on an inventory of projected emissions in
the SCAB. Therefore, if a project is estimated to result in emissions that do not exceed the thresholds, the
project’s contribution to the cumulative impact on air quality in the SCAB would not be cumulatively
considerable. As shown in Table 7 above, Project construction-related emissions by themselves would not
exceed the SCAQMD significance thresholds for criteria pollutants. Therefore, the proposed Project would
not generate a cumulatively considerable contribution to air pollutant emissions during construction.
The SCAQMD has developed strategies to reduce criteria pollutant emissions outlined in the AQMP
pursuant to the FCAA mandates. The analysis assumed fugitive dust controls would be utilized during
construction, including frequent water applications. SCAQMD rules, mandates, and compliance with
adopted AQMP emissions control measures would also be imposed on construction projects throughout
the SCAB, which would include related projects. Compliance with SCAQMD rules and regulations would
further reduce the Project construction-related impacts. Therefore, Project-related construction
emissions, combined with those from other projects in the area, would not substantially deteriorate local
air quality. Construction emissions associated with the Project would not result in a cumulatively
considerable contribution to significant cumulative air quality impacts.
Cumulative Operational Impacts
The SCAQMD has not established separate significance thresholds for cumulative operational emissions.
The nature of air emissions is largely a cumulative impact. As a result, no single project is sufficient in size
to, by itself, result in nonattainment of ambient air quality standards. Instead, individual project emissions
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contribute to existing cumulatively significant adverse air quality impacts. The SCAQMD developed the
operational thresholds of significance based on the level above which individual project emissions would
result in a cumulatively considerable contribution to the SCAB’s existing air quality conditions. Therefore,
a project that exceeds the SCAQMD operational thresholds would also be a cumulatively considerable
contribution to a significant cumulative impact.
As shown in Table 8, the Project’s operational emissions would not exceed the SCAQMD thresholds.
Therefore, the Project would not substantially deteriorate local air quality in its operational phase.
Standard Conditions and Requirements:
SC AQ-1 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, the City Engineer shall confirm that the Grading Plan,
Building Plans and Specifications require all construction contractors to comply with South
Coast Air Quality Management District’s (SCAQMD’s) Rules 402 and 403 to minimize
construction emissions of dust and particulates. The measures include, but are not limited to,
the following:
Portions of a construction site to remain inactive longer than a period of three months
will be seeded and watered until grass cover is grown or otherwise stabilized.
All on-site roads will be paved as soon as feasible or watered periodically or chemically
stabilized.
All material transported off site will be either sufficiently watered or securely covered
to prevent excessive amounts of dust.
The area disturbed by clearing, grading, earthmoving, or excavation operations will be
minimized at all times.
Where vehicles leave a construction site and enter adjacent public streets, the streets
will be swept daily or washed down at the end of the work day to remove soil tracked
onto the paved surface.
Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.
Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.
Threshold 5.3 Would the Project expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations?
Localized Construction Significance Analysis
The nearest sensitive receptors are the single-family residences located approximately 60 feet (18 meters)
to the north and east. To identify impacts to sensitive receptors, the SCAQMD recommends addressing
LSTs for construction. LSTs were developed in response to SCAQMD Governing Boards' Environmental
Justice Enhancement Initiative (I-4). The SCAQMD provided the Final Localized Significance Threshold
Methodology (dated June 2003 [revised 2008]) for guidance. The LST methodology assists lead agencies
in analyzing localized impacts associated with Project-specific emissions.
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Since CalEEMod calculates construction emissions based on the number of equipment hours and the
maximum daily soil disturbance activity possible for each piece of equipment, Table 9: Equipment-Specific
Grading Rates, is used to determine the maximum daily disturbed acreage for comparison to LSTs. The
appropriate SRA for the localized significance thresholds is the Central San Bernardino Valley (SRA 34)
since this area includes the Project. LSTs apply to CO, NO2, PM10, and PM2.5. The SCAQMD produced look-
up tables for projects that disturb areas less than or equal to 5 acres in size. Project construction is
anticipated to disturb a maximum of 3.5 acres in a single day.
Table 9: Equipment-Specific Grading Rates
Construction
Phase
Equipment
Type
Equipment
Quantity
Acres Graded
per 8-Hour Day
Operating
Hours
per Day
Acres Graded
per Day
Grading
Tractors 3 0.5 8 1.5
Graders 1 0.5 8 0.5
Dozers 1 0.5 8 0.5
Scrapers 1 1 8 1
Total Acres Graded per Day 3.5
Source: CalEEMod version 2020.4.0. Refer to Appendix A for model outputs.
The SCAQMD’s methodology states that “off-site mobile emissions from the Project should not be
included in the emissions compared to LSTs.” Therefore, only emissions included in the CalEEMod “on-
site” emissions outputs were considered. The nearest sensitive receptors are the single-family residences
located 60 feet (18 meters) north and east of the Project. LST thresholds are provided for distances to
sensitive receptors of 25, 50, 100, 200, and 500 meters. Therefore, LSTs for receptors located at 25 meters
were utilized in this analysis. Table 10: Localized Significance of Construction Emissions, presents the
results of localized emissions during construction.
Table 10: Localized Significance of Construction Emissions
Construction Activity
Maximum Pounds Per Day
Nitrogen
Oxide
(NOx)
Carbon
Monoxide
(CO)
Coarse
Particulate
Matter
(PM10)
Fine
Particulate
Matter
(PM2.5)
Site Preparation (2022) 33.08 19.70 10.02 5.80
Grading (2022) 20.86 15.27 4.09 2.35
Grading (2023) 17.94 14.75 3.92 2.20
Building Construction (2023) 14.38 16.24 0.70 0.66
Paving (2023) 10.19 14.58 0.51 0.47
Architectural Coating (2023) 1.30 1.81 0.07 0.07
Maximum Daily Emissions 33.08 19.70 10.02 5.80
SCAQMD Localized Screening Threshold
(3.5 acres at 25 meters) 220 1,359 11 6
Exceed SCAQMD Threshold? No No No No
Source: CalEEMod version 2020.4.0. Refer to Appendix A for model outputs.
Table 10 shows that emissions of criteria pollutants on the peak day of construction would not result in
significant concentrations of pollutants at nearby sensitive receptors. Significant impacts would not occur
concerning LSTs during construction.
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Localized Operational Significance Analysis
According to the SCAQMD LST methodology, LSTs would apply to the operational phase of a project only
if it includes stationary sources or attracts mobile sources that may spend long periods queuing and idling
at the site (e.g., warehouse or transfer facilities). Since the Project is a residential development, the
operational phase LST protocol is conservatively applied to both the area source and all energy source
emissions. As the nearest receptors are located approximately 60 feet (18 meters) from the Project site,
LSTs for receptors located at 25 meters for SRA 34 were used in this analysis. Although the Project is 8.65-
acres, the 5-acre LST threshold was conservatively for the Project, as the LSTs increase with the size of the
site.
The LST analysis only includes on-site sources. For a worst-case scenario assessment, the emissions shown
in Table 11: Localized Significance of Operational Emissions, conservatively include all on-site Project-
related stationary sources and five percent of the Project-related vehicle emissions since a portion of
mobile sources would include vehicles maneuvering and idling on-site. Table 11 shows that the maximum
daily emissions of these pollutants during operations would not result in significant concentrations of
pollutants at nearby sensitive receptors. Therefore, significant impacts would not occur concerning LSTs
during operational activities.
Table 11: Localized Significance of Operational Emissions
Activity
Maximum Pounds Per Day
Nitrogen
Oxide
(NOx)
Carbon
Monoxide
(CO)
Coarse
Particulate
Matter
(PM10)
Fine
Particulate Matter
(PM2.5)
Total On-Site Emissions
(Area + five percent mobile emissions) 1.27 7.55 0.32 0.18
SCAQMD Localized Screening Threshold
(5 acres at 25 meters) 270 1,746 4 2
Exceed SCAQMD Threshold? No No No No
Source: CalEEMod version 2020.4.0. Refer to Appendix A for model outputs.
Criteria Pollutant Health Impacts
On December 24, 2018, the California Supreme Court issued an opinion identifying the need to provide
sufficient information connecting a project’s air emissions to health impacts or explain why such
information could not be ascertained (Sierra Club v. County of Fresno [Friant Ranch, L.P.] [2018] Cal.5th,
Case No. S219783). The SCAQMD has set its CEQA significance thresholds based on the FCAA, which
defines a major stationary source (in extreme ozone nonattainment areas such as the South Coast Air
Basin) as emitting 10 tons per year. The thresholds correlate with the trigger levels for the federal New
Source Review (NSR) Program and SCAQMD Rule 1303 for new or modified sources. The NSR Program2
was created by the FCAA to ensure that stationary sources of air pollution are constructed or modified in
a manner that is consistent with attainment of health-based federal ambient air quality standards. The
federal ambient air quality standards establish the levels of air quality necessary, with an adequate margin
of safety, to protect the public health. Therefore, projects that do not exceed the SCAQMD’s LSTs and
mass emissions thresholds would not violate any air quality standards or contribute substantially to an
existing or projected air quality violation and no criteria pollutant health impacts.
2 Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) [i.e., PSD (40 CFR 52.21, 40 CFR 51.166, 40 CFR 51.165 (b)), Non-attainment NSR (40 CFR
52.24, 40 CFR 51.165, 40 CFR part 51, Appendix S)
City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project
Air Quality Assessment
November 2021
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NOX and ROG are precursor emissions that form ozone in the atmosphere in the presence of sunlight
where the pollutants undergo complex chemical reactions. It takes time and the influence of
meteorological conditions for these reactions to occur, so ozone may be formed at a distance downwind
from the sources. Breathing ground-level ozone can result health effects that include: reduced lung
function, inflammation of airways, throat irritation, pain, burning, or discomfort in the chest when taking
a deep breath, chest tightness, wheezing, or shortness of breath. In addition to these effects, evidence
from observational studies strongly indicates that higher daily ozone concentrations are associated with
increased asthma attacks, increased hospital admissions, increased daily mortality, and other markers of
morbidity. The consistency and coherence of the evidence for effects upon asthmatics suggests that ozone
can make asthma symptoms worse and can increase sensitivity to asthma triggers.
According the SCAQMD’s 2016 AQMP, ozone, NOX, and ROG have been decreasing in the Basin since 1975
and are projected to continue to decrease in the future. Although vehicle miles traveled in the Basin
continue to increase, NOX and ROG levels are decreasing because of the mandated controls on motor
vehicles and the replacement of older polluting vehicles with lower-emitting vehicles. NOX emissions from
electric utilities have also decreased due to the use of cleaner fuels and renewable energy. The 2016
AQMP demonstrates how the SCAQMD’s control strategy to meet the 8-hour ozone standard in 2023
would lead to sufficient NOX emission reductions to attain the 1-hour ozone standard by 2022. In addition,
since NOX emissions also lead to the formation of PM2.5, the NOX reductions needed to meet the ozone
standards will likewise lead to improvement of PM2.5 levels and attainment of PM2.5 standards.
The SCAQMD’s air quality modeling demonstrates that NOX reductions prove to be much more effective
in reducing ozone levels and will also lead to significant improvement in PM2.5 concentrations. NOX-
emitting stationary sources regulated by the SCAQMD include Regional Clean Air Incentives Market
(RECLAIM) facilities (e.g., refineries, power plants, etc.), natural gas combustion equipment (e.g., boilers,
heaters, engines, burners, flares) and other combustion sources that burn wood or propane. The 2016
AQMP identifies robust NOX reductions from new regulations on RECLAIM facilities, non-refinery flares,
commercial cooking, and residential and commercial appliances. Such combustion sources are already
heavily regulated with the lowest NOX emissions levels achievable but there are opportunities to require
and accelerate replacement with cleaner zero-emission alternatives, such as residential and commercial
furnaces, pool heaters, and backup power equipment. The AQMD plans to achieve such replacements
through a combination of regulations and incentives. Technology-forcing regulations can drive
development and commercialization of clean technologies, with future year requirements for new or
existing equipment. Incentives can then accelerate deployment and enhance public acceptability of new
technologies.
The 2016 AQMP also emphasizes that beginning in 2012, continued implementation of previously adopted
regulations will lead to NOX emission reductions of 68 percent by 2023 and 80 percent by 2031. With the
addition of 2016 AQMP proposed regulatory measures, a 30 percent reduction of NOX from stationary
sources is expected in the 15-year period between 2008 and 2023. This is in addition to significant NOX
reductions from stationary sources achieved in the decades prior to 2008.
As previously discussed, localized effects of on-site Project emissions on nearby receptors were found to
be less than significant (refer to Table 10 and Table 11). The LSTs represent the maximum emissions from
a project that are not expected to cause or contribute to an exceedance of the most stringent applicable
state or federal ambient air quality standard. The LSTs were developed by the SCAQMD based on the
ambient concentrations of that pollutant for each SRA and distance to the nearest sensitive receptor. The
ambient air quality standards establish the levels of air quality necessary, with an adequate margin of
City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project
Air Quality Assessment
November 2021
Page | 25
safety, to protect public health, including protecting the health of sensitive populations. However, as
discussed above, neither the SCAQMD nor any other air district currently have methodologies that would
provide Lead Agencies and CEQA practitioners with a consistent, reliable, and meaningful analysis to
correlate specific health impacts that may result from a proposed project’s mass emissions. Information
on health impacts related to exposure to ozone and particulate matter emissions published by the EPA
and CARB have been summarized above and discussed in the Regulatory Framework section. Health
studies are used by these agencies to set the NAAQS and CAAQS. Ozone concentrations are dependent
upon a variety of complex factors, including the presence of sunlight and precursor pollutants, natural
topography, nearby structures that cause building downwash, atmospheric stability, and wind patterns.
Because of the complexities of predicting ground-level ozone concentrations in relation to the NAAQS and
CAAQS, none of the health-related information can be directly correlated to the pounds/day or tons/year
of emissions estimated from a single, proposed project. Because it is impracticable to accurately isolate
the exact cause of a human disease (for example, the role a particular air pollutant plays compared to the
role of other allergens and genetics in cause asthma), the City has determined that existing scientific tools
cannot accurately estimate health impacts of the Project’s air emissions without undue speculation. It
should also be noted that this analysis identifies health concerns related to NOX emissions. Table 1
includes a list of criteria pollutants and summarizes common sources and effects. Thus, this analysis is
reasonable and intended to foster informed decision making.
Carbon Monoxide Hotspots
An analysis of CO “hot spots” is needed to determine whether the change in the level of service of an
intersection resulting from the Project would have the potential to result in exceedances of the CAAQS or
NAAQS. It has long been recognized that CO exceedances are caused by vehicular emissions, primarily
when vehicles are idling at intersections. Vehicle emissions standards have become increasingly stringent
in the last 20 years. Currently, the CO standard in California is a maximum of 3.4 grams per mile for
passenger cars (requirements for certain vehicles are more stringent). With the turnover of older vehicles,
introduction of cleaner fuels, and implementation of control technology on industrial facilities, CO
concentrations have steadily declined. Accordingly, with the steadily decreasing CO emissions from
vehicles, even very busy intersections do not result in exceedances of the CO standard.
The South Coast Air Basin (SCAB) was re-designated as attainment in 2007 and is no longer addressed in the
SCAQMD’s AQMP. The 2003 AQMP is the most recent version that addresses CO concentrations. As part of
the SCAQMD CO Hotspot Analysis, the Wilshire Boulevard/Veteran Avenue intersection, one of the most
congested intersections in Southern California with an average daily traffic (ADT) volume of approximately
100,000 vehicles per day, was modeled for CO concentrations. This modeling effort identified a CO
concentration high of 4.6 ppm, which is well below the 35-ppm Federal standard. The Project considered
herein would not produce the volume of traffic required to generate a CO hot spot in the context of
SCAQMD’s CO Hotspot Analysis. As the CO hotspots were not experienced at the Wilshire
Boulevard/Veteran Avenue intersection even as it accommodates 100,000 vehicles daily, it can be
reasonably inferred that CO hotspots would not be experienced at any vicinity intersections resulting from
556 additional vehicle trips attributable to the Project. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant.
Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.
Level of Significance: Less than Significant Impact.
City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project
Air Quality Assessment
November 2021
Page | 26
Threshold 5.4 Would the Project result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely
affecting a substantial number of people?
The SCAQMD CEQA Air Quality Handbook identifies certain land uses as sources of odors. These land uses
include agriculture (farming and livestock), wastewater treatment plants, food processing plants,
chemical plants, composting facilities, refineries, landfills, dairies, and fiberglass molding. The Project
would not include any of the land uses that have been identified by the SCAQMD as odor sources.
During construction-related activities, some odors (not substantial pollutant concentrations) that may be
detected are those typical of construction vehicles (e.g., diesel exhaust from grading and construction
equipment). These odors are a temporary short-term impact that is typical of construction projects and
would disperse rapidly. The Project would not include any of the land uses that have been identified by
the SCAQMD as odor sources. Therefore, the Project would not create objectionable odors.
Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.
Level of Significance: No Impact.
City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project
Air Quality Assessment
November 2021
Page | 27
6 REFERENCES
1. California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA), Health Effects, 2018.
2. California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA), Health Risk Assessments for Proposed
Land Use Projects, 2009.
3. California Air Resources Board, Aerometric Data Analysis and Measurement System (ADAM) Top Four
Summaries from 2018 to 2020, 2021.
4. California Air Resources Board, Air Quality and Land Use Handbook: A Community Health Perspective,
2005.
5. California Air Resources Board, Ambient Air Quality Standards, May 6, 2016.
6. California Air Resources Board, Current Air Quality Standards, 2016.
7. California Air Resources Board, Risk Reduction Plan to Reduce Particulate Matter Emissions from
Diesel-Fueled Engines and Vehicles, 2000.
8. City of Fontana, General Plan Update 2015-2035, November 2018.
9. Federal Highway Administration, Interim Guidance on Mobile Source Air Toxic Analysis in NEPA
Documents, 2016.
10. Kimley-Horn and Associates, Trip Generation and VMT Screening Memorandum for the Proposed
Citrus East Residential Project in the City of Fontana, September 24, 2021.
11. Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment
Guidelines, 2015.
12. South Coast Air Quality Management District, 2016 Air Quality Management Plan, March 2017.
13. South Coast Air Quality Management District, CEQA Air Quality Handbook, 1993.
14. South Coast Air Quality Management District, Localized Significance Threshold Methodology, 2008.
15. United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Ambient Air Quality Standards Table, 2018.
16. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Nonattainment Areas for Criteria Pollutants, 2019.
17. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Policy Assessment for the Review of the Lead National
Ambient Air Quality Standards, 2013.
18. South Coast Air Quality Management District, South Coast AQMD Air Quality Significance Thresholds,
April 2019.
City of Fontana Citrus East Residential Development Project
Air Quality Assessment
November 2021
Page | 28
Appendix A
Air Quality Modeling Data
Fontana Citrus East
San Bernardino-South Coast County, Summer
Project Characteristics -
Land Use - According to Site Plan 10.1.21- Parking spaces only include nongarage parking spaces
Construction Phase - No Demo Phase
Trips and VMT - No Demo Phase
On-road Fugitive Dust - No Demo Phase
Grading -
Vehicle Trips - Numbers based on traffic study
Woodstoves - Compliance with SCAQMD
Land Use Change -
Construction Off-road Equipment Mitigation - SCAQMD rule compliance
1.1 Land Usage
Land Uses Size Metric Lot Acreage Floor Surface Area Population
Parking Lot 191.00 Space 1.72 74,923.20 0
City Park 2.28 Acre 2.28 99,316.80 0
Condo/Townhouse High Rise 76.00 Dwelling Unit 4.65 202,554.00 217
1.2 Other Project Characteristics
Urbanization
Climate Zone
Urban
10
Wind Speed (m/s)Precipitation Freq (Days)2.2 32
1.3 User Entered Comments & Non-Default Data
1.0 Project Characteristics
Utility Company Southern California Edison
2024Operational Year
CO2 Intensity
(lb/MWhr)
390.98 0.033CH4 Intensity
(lb/MWhr)
0.004N2O Intensity
(lb/MWhr)
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Water Mitigation -
Waste Mitigation - Per AB 939
2.0 Emissions Summary
Table Name Column Name Default Value New Value
tblConstDustMitigation CleanPavedRoadPercentReduction 0 6
tblConstDustMitigation WaterUnpavedRoadMoistureContent 0 12
tblConstDustMitigation WaterUnpavedRoadVehicleSpeed 0 15
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 20.00 60.00
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 20.00 40.00
tblFireplaces NumberWood 3.80 0.00
tblGrading MaterialImported 0.00 50,000.00
tblLandUse LandUseSquareFeet 76,400.00 74,923.20
tblLandUse LandUseSquareFeet 76,000.00 202,554.00
tblLandUse LotAcreage 1.19 4.65
tblVehicleTrips ST_TR 4.91 7.32
tblVehicleTrips SU_TR 4.09 7.32
tblVehicleTrips WD_TR 5.44 7.32
tblWoodstoves NumberCatalytic 3.80 0.00
tblWoodstoves NumberNoncatalytic 3.80 0.00
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2.1 Overall Construction (Maximum Daily Emission)
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Year lb/day lb/day
2022 3.2464 63.4866 27.0034 0.2150 19.8582 1.6136 21.4718 10.1558 1.4845 11.6404 0.0000 23,044.01
55
23,044.01
55
1.7900 3.1756 24,035.08
72
2023 25.0850 52.3410 39.5571 0.2067 13.0055 1.2998 14.1427 5.0126 1.2166 6.0722 0.0000 22,156.31
17
22,156.31
17
1.7490 3.0359 23,104.72
59
Maximum 25.0850 63.4866 39.5571 0.2150 19.8582 1.6136 21.4718 10.1558 1.4845 11.6404 0.0000 23,044.01
55
23,044.01
55
1.7900 3.1756 24,035.08
72
Unmitigated Construction
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Year lb/day lb/day
2022 3.2464 63.4866 27.0034 0.2150 8.5941 1.6136 10.2077 4.3696 1.4845 5.8541 0.0000 23,044.01
55
23,044.01
55
1.7900 3.1756 24,035.08
72
2023 25.0850 52.3410 39.5571 0.2067 8.5322 1.2998 9.6694 2.9645 1.2166 4.0240 0.0000 22,156.31
16
22,156.31
16
1.7490 3.0359 23,104.72
59
Maximum 25.0850 63.4866 39.5571 0.2150 8.5941 1.6136 10.2077 4.3696 1.4845 5.8541 0.0000 23,044.01
55
23,044.01
55
1.7900 3.1756 24,035.08
72
Mitigated Construction
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EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio-CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N20 CO2e
Percent
Reduction
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 47.89 0.00 44.19 51.65 0.00 44.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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2.2 Overall Operational
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Area 4.7108 1.1440 6.7432 7.1700e-
003
0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.0000 1,379.332
3
1,379.332
3
0.0372 0.0251 1,387.735
2
Energy 0.0323 0.2760 0.1174 1.7600e-
003
0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 352.3110 352.3110 6.7500e-
003
6.4600e-
003
354.4046
Mobile 1.8546 2.3800 18.1468 0.0403 4.0445 0.0305 4.0749 1.0787 0.0285 1.1072 4,176.073
9
4,176.073
9
0.2137 0.1880 4,237.426
1
Total 6.5977 3.7999 25.0074 0.0492 4.0445 0.1742 4.2187 1.0787 0.1723 1.2510 0.0000 5,907.717
2
5,907.717
2
0.2576 0.2195 5,979.565
9
Unmitigated Operational
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Area 4.7108 1.1440 6.7432 7.1700e-
003
0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.0000 1,379.332
3
1,379.332
3
0.0372 0.0251 1,387.735
2
Energy 0.0323 0.2760 0.1174 1.7600e-
003
0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 352.3110 352.3110 6.7500e-
003
6.4600e-
003
354.4046
Mobile 1.8546 2.3800 18.1468 0.0403 4.0445 0.0305 4.0749 1.0787 0.0285 1.1072 4,176.073
9
4,176.073
9
0.2137 0.1880 4,237.426
1
Total 6.5977 3.7999 25.0074 0.0492 4.0445 0.1742 4.2187 1.0787 0.1723 1.2510 0.0000 5,907.717
2
5,907.717
2
0.2576 0.2195 5,979.565
9
Mitigated Operational
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3.0 Construction Detail
Construction Phase
Phase
Number
Phase Name Phase Type Start Date End Date Num Days
Week
Num Days Phase Description
1 Site Preparation Site Preparation 12/1/2022 12/14/2022 5 10
2 Grading Grading 12/15/2022 1/11/2023 5 20
3 Building Construction Building Construction 1/12/2023 11/29/2023 5 230
4 Paving Paving 10/1/2023 11/24/2023 5 40
5 Architectural Coating Architectural Coating 10/1/2023 12/22/2023 5 60
OffRoad Equipment
Phase Name Offroad Equipment Type Amount Usage Hours Horse Power Load Factor
Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers 3 8.00 247 0.40
Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 4 8.00 97 0.37
Grading Excavators 1 8.00 158 0.38
Grading Graders 1 8.00 187 0.41
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers 1 8.00 247 0.40
Grading Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 3 8.00 97 0.37
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio-CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N20 CO2e
Percent
Reduction
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Residential Indoor: 410,172; Residential Outdoor: 136,724; Non-Residential Indoor: 0; Non-Residential Outdoor: 0; Striped Parking Area: 4,495
(Architectural Coating – sqft)
Acres of Grading (Site Preparation Phase): 15
Acres of Grading (Grading Phase): 20
Acres of Paving: 1.72
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3.1 Mitigation Measures Construction
Replace Ground Cover
Water Exposed Area
Water Unpaved Roads
Reduce Vehicle Speed on Unpaved Roads
Clean Paved Roads
Building Construction Cranes 1 7.00 231 0.29
Building Construction Forklifts 3 8.00 89 0.20
Building Construction Generator Sets 1 8.00 84 0.74
Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 3 7.00 97 0.37
Building Construction Welders 1 8.00 46 0.45
Paving Pavers 2 8.00 130 0.42
Paving Paving Equipment 2 8.00 132 0.36
Paving Rollers 2 8.00 80 0.38
Architectural Coating Air Compressors 1 6.00 78 0.48
Trips and VMT
Phase Name Offroad Equipment
Count
Worker Trip
Number
Vendor Trip
Number
Hauling Trip
Number
Worker Trip
Length
Vendor Trip
Length
Hauling Trip
Length
Worker Vehicle
Class
Vendor
Vehicle Class
Hauling
Vehicle Class
Site Preparation 7 18.00 0.00 0.00 14.70 6.90 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT
Grading 6 15.00 0.00 6,250.00 14.70 6.90 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT
Building Construction 9 128.00 37.00 0.00 14.70 6.90 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT
Paving 6 15.00 0.00 0.00 14.70 6.90 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT
Architectural Coating 1 26.00 0.00 0.00 14.70 6.90 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT
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3.2 Site Preparation - 2022
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Fugitive Dust 19.6570 0.0000 19.6570 10.1025 0.0000 10.1025 0.0000 0.0000
Off-Road 3.1701 33.0835 19.6978 0.0380 1.6126 1.6126 1.4836 1.4836 3,686.061
9
3,686.061
9
1.1922 3,715.865
5
Total 3.1701 33.0835 19.6978 0.0380 19.6570 1.6126 21.2696 10.1025 1.4836 11.5860 3,686.061
9
3,686.061
9
1.1922 3,715.865
5
Unmitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.0762 0.0483 0.7415 1.8600e-
003
0.2012 1.0600e-
003
0.2023 0.0534 9.7000e-
004
0.0543 188.9222 188.9222 4.9100e-
003
4.7000e-
003
190.4461
Total 0.0762 0.0483 0.7415 1.8600e-
003
0.2012 1.0600e-
003
0.2023 0.0534 9.7000e-
004
0.0543 188.9222 188.9222 4.9100e-
003
4.7000e-
003
190.4461
Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
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3.2 Site Preparation - 2022
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Fugitive Dust 8.4034 0.0000 8.4034 4.3188 0.0000 4.3188 0.0000 0.0000
Off-Road 3.1701 33.0835 19.6978 0.0380 1.6126 1.6126 1.4836 1.4836 0.0000 3,686.061
9
3,686.061
9
1.1922 3,715.865
5
Total 3.1701 33.0835 19.6978 0.0380 8.4034 1.6126 10.0159 4.3188 1.4836 5.8024 0.0000 3,686.061
9
3,686.061
9
1.1922 3,715.865
5
Mitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.0762 0.0483 0.7415 1.8600e-
003
0.1907 1.0600e-
003
0.1918 0.0508 9.7000e-
004
0.0518 188.9222 188.9222 4.9100e-
003
4.7000e-
003
190.4461
Total 0.0762 0.0483 0.7415 1.8600e-
003
0.1907 1.0600e-
003
0.1918 0.0508 9.7000e-
004
0.0518 188.9222 188.9222 4.9100e-
003
4.7000e-
003
190.4461
Mitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:39 PMPage 9 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Summer
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.3 Grading - 2022
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Fugitive Dust 7.3653 0.0000 7.3653 3.4676 0.0000 3.4676 0.0000 0.0000
Off-Road 1.9486 20.8551 15.2727 0.0297 0.9409 0.9409 0.8656 0.8656 2,872.046
4
2,872.046
4
0.9289 2,895.268
4
Total 1.9486 20.8551 15.2727 0.0297 7.3653 0.9409 8.3062 3.4676 0.8656 4.3331 2,872.046
4
2,872.046
4
0.9289 2,895.268
4
Unmitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 1.1817 42.5912 11.1127 0.1838 5.4726 0.4474 5.9200 1.5007 0.4280 1.9287 20,014.53
39
20,014.53
39
0.8570 3.1717 20,981.11
38
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.0635 0.0402 0.6179 1.5500e-
003
0.1677 8.8000e-
004
0.1685 0.0445 8.1000e-
004
0.0453 157.4352 157.4352 4.0900e-
003
3.9200e-
003
158.7050
Total 1.2452 42.6315 11.7306 0.1854 5.6403 0.4483 6.0886 1.5451 0.4289 1.9740 20,171.96
90
20,171.96
90
0.8611 3.1756 21,139.81
88
Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:39 PMPage 10 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Summer
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.3 Grading - 2022
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Fugitive Dust 3.1487 0.0000 3.1487 1.4824 0.0000 1.4824 0.0000 0.0000
Off-Road 1.9486 20.8551 15.2727 0.0297 0.9409 0.9409 0.8656 0.8656 0.0000 2,872.046
4
2,872.046
4
0.9289 2,895.268
4
Total 1.9486 20.8551 15.2727 0.0297 3.1487 0.9409 4.0895 1.4824 0.8656 2.3480 0.0000 2,872.046
4
2,872.046
4
0.9289 2,895.268
4
Mitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 1.1817 42.5912 11.1127 0.1838 5.2247 0.4474 5.6721 1.4398 0.4280 1.8678 20,014.53
39
20,014.53
39
0.8570 3.1717 20,981.11
38
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.0635 0.0402 0.6179 1.5500e-
003
0.1589 8.8000e-
004
0.1598 0.0423 8.1000e-
004
0.0431 157.4352 157.4352 4.0900e-
003
3.9200e-
003
158.7050
Total 1.2452 42.6315 11.7306 0.1854 5.3837 0.4483 5.8319 1.4821 0.4289 1.9110 20,171.96
90
20,171.96
90
0.8611 3.1756 21,139.81
88
Mitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:39 PMPage 11 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Summer
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.3 Grading - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Fugitive Dust 7.3653 0.0000 7.3653 3.4676 0.0000 3.4676 0.0000 0.0000
Off-Road 1.7109 17.9359 14.7507 0.0297 0.7749 0.7749 0.7129 0.7129 2,872.691
0
2,872.691
0
0.9291 2,895.918
2
Total 1.7109 17.9359 14.7507 0.0297 7.3653 0.7749 8.1402 3.4676 0.7129 4.1805 2,872.691
0
2,872.691
0
0.9291 2,895.918
2
Unmitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.7529 34.3698 10.4687 0.1755 5.4725 0.3615 5.8340 1.5006 0.3458 1.8464 19,130.37
04
19,130.37
04
0.8162 3.0323 20,054.39
20
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.0587 0.0354 0.5657 1.5000e-
003
0.1677 8.3000e-
004
0.1685 0.0445 7.6000e-
004
0.0452 153.2503 153.2503 3.6600e-
003
3.6000e-
003
154.4157
Total 0.8116 34.4052 11.0344 0.1770 5.6402 0.3623 6.0025 1.5451 0.3466 1.8917 19,283.62
07
19,283.62
07
0.8199 3.0359 20,208.80
77
Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:39 PMPage 12 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Summer
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.3 Grading - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Fugitive Dust 3.1487 0.0000 3.1487 1.4824 0.0000 1.4824 0.0000 0.0000
Off-Road 1.7109 17.9359 14.7507 0.0297 0.7749 0.7749 0.7129 0.7129 0.0000 2,872.691
0
2,872.691
0
0.9291 2,895.918
2
Total 1.7109 17.9359 14.7507 0.0297 3.1487 0.7749 3.9236 1.4824 0.7129 2.1953 0.0000 2,872.691
0
2,872.691
0
0.9291 2,895.918
2
Mitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.7529 34.3698 10.4687 0.1755 5.2246 0.3615 5.5861 1.4398 0.3458 1.7856 19,130.37
04
19,130.37
04
0.8162 3.0323 20,054.39
20
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.0587 0.0354 0.5657 1.5000e-
003
0.1589 8.3000e-
004
0.1598 0.0423 7.6000e-
004
0.0431 153.2503 153.2503 3.6600e-
003
3.6000e-
003
154.4157
Total 0.8116 34.4052 11.0344 0.1770 5.3835 0.3623 5.7458 1.4821 0.3466 1.8287 19,283.62
07
19,283.62
07
0.8199 3.0359 20,208.80
77
Mitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:39 PMPage 13 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Summer
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.4 Building Construction - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Off-Road 1.5728 14.3849 16.2440 0.0269 0.6997 0.6997 0.6584 0.6584 2,555.209
9
2,555.209
9
0.6079 2,570.406
1
Total 1.5728 14.3849 16.2440 0.0269 0.6997 0.6997 0.6584 0.6584 2,555.209
9
2,555.209
9
0.6079 2,570.406
1
Unmitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Vendor 0.0433 1.2978 0.5446 6.6200e-
003
0.2371 9.7500e-
003
0.2468 0.0683 9.3300e-
003
0.0776 710.0973 710.0973 0.0186 0.1049 741.8101
Worker 0.5005 0.3020 4.8270 0.0128 1.4307 7.0700e-
003
1.4378 0.3794 6.5100e-
003
0.3860 1,307.735
7
1,307.735
7
0.0312 0.0308 1,317.680
5
Total 0.5438 1.5998 5.3716 0.0194 1.6678 0.0168 1.6846 0.4477 0.0158 0.4635 2,017.833
0
2,017.833
0
0.0498 0.1356 2,059.490
6
Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:39 PMPage 14 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Summer
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.4 Building Construction - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Off-Road 1.5728 14.3849 16.2440 0.0269 0.6997 0.6997 0.6584 0.6584 0.0000 2,555.209
9
2,555.209
9
0.6079 2,570.406
1
Total 1.5728 14.3849 16.2440 0.0269 0.6997 0.6997 0.6584 0.6584 0.0000 2,555.209
9
2,555.209
9
0.6079 2,570.406
1
Mitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Vendor 0.0433 1.2978 0.5446 6.6200e-
003
0.2269 9.7500e-
003
0.2367 0.0658 9.3300e-
003
0.0751 710.0973 710.0973 0.0186 0.1049 741.8101
Worker 0.5005 0.3020 4.8270 0.0128 1.3561 7.0700e-
003
1.3632 0.3611 6.5100e-
003
0.3676 1,307.735
7
1,307.735
7
0.0312 0.0308 1,317.680
5
Total 0.5438 1.5998 5.3716 0.0194 1.5830 0.0168 1.5999 0.4269 0.0158 0.4427 2,017.833
0
2,017.833
0
0.0498 0.1356 2,059.490
6
Mitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:39 PMPage 15 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Summer
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.5 Paving - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Off-Road 1.0327 10.1917 14.5842 0.0228 0.5102 0.5102 0.4694 0.4694 2,207.584
1
2,207.584
1
0.7140 2,225.433
6
Paving 0.1127 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.1454 10.1917 14.5842 0.0228 0.5102 0.5102 0.4694 0.4694 2,207.584
1
2,207.584
1
0.7140 2,225.433
6
Unmitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.0587 0.0354 0.5657 1.5000e-
003
0.1677 8.3000e-
004
0.1685 0.0445 7.6000e-
004
0.0452 153.2503 153.2503 3.6600e-
003
3.6000e-
003
154.4157
Total 0.0587 0.0354 0.5657 1.5000e-
003
0.1677 8.3000e-
004
0.1685 0.0445 7.6000e-
004
0.0452 153.2503 153.2503 3.6600e-
003
3.6000e-
003
154.4157
Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:39 PMPage 16 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Summer
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.5 Paving - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Off-Road 1.0327 10.1917 14.5842 0.0228 0.5102 0.5102 0.4694 0.4694 0.0000 2,207.584
1
2,207.584
1
0.7140 2,225.433
6
Paving 0.1127 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.1454 10.1917 14.5842 0.0228 0.5102 0.5102 0.4694 0.4694 0.0000 2,207.584
1
2,207.584
1
0.7140 2,225.433
6
Mitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.0587 0.0354 0.5657 1.5000e-
003
0.1589 8.3000e-
004
0.1598 0.0423 7.6000e-
004
0.0431 153.2503 153.2503 3.6600e-
003
3.6000e-
003
154.4157
Total 0.0587 0.0354 0.5657 1.5000e-
003
0.1589 8.3000e-
004
0.1598 0.0423 7.6000e-
004
0.0431 153.2503 153.2503 3.6600e-
003
3.6000e-
003
154.4157
Mitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:39 PMPage 17 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Summer
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.6 Architectural Coating - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Archit. Coating 21.4711 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Off-Road 0.1917 1.3030 1.8111 2.9700e-
003
0.0708 0.0708 0.0708 0.0708 281.4481 281.4481 0.0168 281.8690
Total 21.6628 1.3030 1.8111 2.9700e-
003
0.0708 0.0708 0.0708 0.0708 281.4481 281.4481 0.0168 281.8690
Unmitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.1017 0.0614 0.9805 2.6000e-
003
0.2906 1.4400e-
003
0.2921 0.0771 1.3200e-
003
0.0784 265.6338 265.6338 6.3500e-
003
6.2500e-
003
267.6539
Total 0.1017 0.0614 0.9805 2.6000e-
003
0.2906 1.4400e-
003
0.2921 0.0771 1.3200e-
003
0.0784 265.6338 265.6338 6.3500e-
003
6.2500e-
003
267.6539
Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:39 PMPage 18 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Summer
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.6 Architectural Coating - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Archit. Coating 21.4711 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Off-Road 0.1917 1.3030 1.8111 2.9700e-
003
0.0708 0.0708 0.0708 0.0708 0.0000 281.4481 281.4481 0.0168 281.8690
Total 21.6628 1.3030 1.8111 2.9700e-
003
0.0708 0.0708 0.0708 0.0708 0.0000 281.4481 281.4481 0.0168 281.8690
Mitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.1017 0.0614 0.9805 2.6000e-
003
0.2755 1.4400e-
003
0.2769 0.0734 1.3200e-
003
0.0747 265.6338 265.6338 6.3500e-
003
6.2500e-
003
267.6539
Total 0.1017 0.0614 0.9805 2.6000e-
003
0.2755 1.4400e-
003
0.2769 0.0734 1.3200e-
003
0.0747 265.6338 265.6338 6.3500e-
003
6.2500e-
003
267.6539
Mitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:39 PMPage 19 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Summer
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
4.0 Operational Detail - Mobile
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Mitigated 1.8546 2.3800 18.1468 0.0403 4.0445 0.0305 4.0749 1.0787 0.0285 1.1072 4,176.073
9
4,176.073
9
0.2137 0.1880 4,237.426
1
Unmitigated 1.8546 2.3800 18.1468 0.0403 4.0445 0.0305 4.0749 1.0787 0.0285 1.1072 4,176.073
9
4,176.073
9
0.2137 0.1880 4,237.426
1
4.1 Mitigation Measures Mobile
4.2 Trip Summary Information
4.3 Trip Type Information
Average Daily Trip Rate Unmitigated Mitigated
Land Use Weekday Saturday Sunday Annual VMT Annual VMT
City Park 1.78 4.47 4.99 7,545 7,545
Condo/Townhouse High Rise 556.32 556.32 556.32 1,901,030 1,901,030
Parking Lot 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 558.10 560.79 561.31 1,908,575 1,908,575
Miles Trip %Trip Purpose %
Land Use H-W or C-W H-S or C-C H-O or C-NW H-W or C-W H-S or C-C H-O or C-NW Primary Diverted Pass-by
City Park 16.60 8.40 6.90 33.00 48.00 19.00 66 28 6
Condo/Townhouse High Rise 14.70 5.90 8.70 40.20 19.20 40.60 86 11 3
Parking Lot 16.60 8.40 6.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0 0
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:39 PMPage 20 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Summer
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
4.4 Fleet Mix
Land Use LDA LDT1 LDT2 MDV LHD1 LHD2 MHD HHD OBUS UBUS MCY SBUS MH
City Park 0.540566 0.056059 0.172680 0.136494 0.026304 0.007104 0.011680 0.017449 0.000554 0.000251 0.025076 0.000954 0.004830
Condo/Townhouse High Rise 0.540566 0.056059 0.172680 0.136494 0.026304 0.007104 0.011680 0.017449 0.000554 0.000251 0.025076 0.000954 0.004830
Parking Lot 0.540566 0.056059 0.172680 0.136494 0.026304 0.007104 0.011680 0.017449 0.000554 0.000251 0.025076 0.000954 0.004830
5.0 Energy Detail
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
NaturalGas
Mitigated
0.0323 0.2760 0.1174 1.7600e-
003
0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 352.3110 352.3110 6.7500e-
003
6.4600e-
003
354.4046
NaturalGas
Unmitigated
0.0323 0.2760 0.1174 1.7600e-
003
0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 352.3110 352.3110 6.7500e-
003
6.4600e-
003
354.4046
5.1 Mitigation Measures Energy
Historical Energy Use: N
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:39 PMPage 21 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Summer
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
5.2 Energy by Land Use - NaturalGas
NaturalGa
s Use
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Land Use kBTU/yr lb/day lb/day
City Park 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Condo/Townhous
e High Rise
2994.64 0.0323 0.2760 0.1174 1.7600e-
003
0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 352.3110 352.3110 6.7500e-
003
6.4600e-
003
354.4046
Parking Lot 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 0.0323 0.2760 0.1174 1.7600e-
003
0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 352.3110 352.3110 6.7500e-
003
6.4600e-
003
354.4046
Unmitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:39 PMPage 22 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Summer
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
6.1 Mitigation Measures Area
6.0 Area Detail
5.2 Energy by Land Use - NaturalGas
NaturalGa
s Use
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Land Use kBTU/yr lb/day lb/day
City Park 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Condo/Townhous
e High Rise
2.99464 0.0323 0.2760 0.1174 1.7600e-
003
0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 352.3110 352.3110 6.7500e-
003
6.4600e-
003
354.4046
Parking Lot 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 0.0323 0.2760 0.1174 1.7600e-
003
0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 352.3110 352.3110 6.7500e-
003
6.4600e-
003
354.4046
Mitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:39 PMPage 23 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Summer
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Mitigated 4.7108 1.1440 6.7432 7.1700e-
003
0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.0000 1,379.332
3
1,379.332
3
0.0372 0.0251 1,387.735
2
Unmitigated 4.7108 1.1440 6.7432 7.1700e-
003
0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.0000 1,379.332
3
1,379.332
3
0.0372 0.0251 1,387.735
2
6.2 Area by SubCategory
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
SubCategory lb/day lb/day
Architectural
Coating
0.3530 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Consumer
Products
4.0422 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Hearth 0.1254 1.0716 0.4560 6.8400e-
003
0.0866 0.0866 0.0866 0.0866 0.0000 1,368.000
0
1,368.000
0
0.0262 0.0251 1,376.129
3
Landscaping 0.1903 0.0724 6.2872 3.3000e-
004
0.0348 0.0348 0.0348 0.0348 11.3323 11.3323 0.0109 11.6059
Total 4.7108 1.1440 6.7432 7.1700e-
003
0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.0000 1,379.332
3
1,379.332
3
0.0372 0.0251 1,387.735
2
Unmitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:39 PMPage 24 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Summer
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
Install Low Flow Bathroom Faucet
Install Low Flow Kitchen Faucet
Install Low Flow Toilet
Install Low Flow Shower
Use Water Efficient Irrigation System
7.1 Mitigation Measures Water
7.0 Water Detail
6.2 Area by SubCategory
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
SubCategory lb/day lb/day
Architectural
Coating
0.3530 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Consumer
Products
4.0422 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Hearth 0.1254 1.0716 0.4560 6.8400e-
003
0.0866 0.0866 0.0866 0.0866 0.0000 1,368.000
0
1,368.000
0
0.0262 0.0251 1,376.129
3
Landscaping 0.1903 0.0724 6.2872 3.3000e-
004
0.0348 0.0348 0.0348 0.0348 11.3323 11.3323 0.0109 11.6059
Total 4.7108 1.1440 6.7432 7.1700e-
003
0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.0000 1,379.332
3
1,379.332
3
0.0372 0.0251 1,387.735
2
Mitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:39 PMPage 25 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Summer
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
11.0 Vegetation
8.1 Mitigation Measures Waste
8.0 Waste Detail
9.0 Operational Offroad
Equipment Type Number Hours/Day Days/Year Horse Power Load Factor Fuel Type
10.0 Stationary Equipment
Fire Pumps and Emergency Generators
Equipment Type Number Hours/Day Hours/Year Horse Power Load Factor Fuel Type
Boilers
Equipment Type Number Heat Input/Day Heat Input/Year Boiler Rating Fuel Type
User Defined Equipment
Equipment Type Number
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:39 PMPage 26 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Summer
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
Fontana Citrus East
San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
Project Characteristics -
Land Use - According to Site Plan 10.1.21- Parking spaces only include nongarage parking spaces
Construction Phase - No Demo Phase
Trips and VMT - No Demo Phase
On-road Fugitive Dust - No Demo Phase
Grading -
Vehicle Trips - Numbers based on traffic study
Woodstoves - Compliance with SCAQMD
Land Use Change -
Construction Off-road Equipment Mitigation - SCAQMD rule compliance
1.1 Land Usage
Land Uses Size Metric Lot Acreage Floor Surface Area Population
Parking Lot 191.00 Space 1.72 74,923.20 0
City Park 2.28 Acre 2.28 99,316.80 0
Condo/Townhouse High Rise 76.00 Dwelling Unit 4.65 202,554.00 217
1.2 Other Project Characteristics
Urbanization
Climate Zone
Urban
10
Wind Speed (m/s)Precipitation Freq (Days)2.2 32
1.3 User Entered Comments & Non-Default Data
1.0 Project Characteristics
Utility Company Southern California Edison
2024Operational Year
CO2 Intensity
(lb/MWhr)
390.98 0.033CH4 Intensity
(lb/MWhr)
0.004N2O Intensity
(lb/MWhr)
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 1 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
Water Mitigation -
Waste Mitigation - Per AB 939
2.0 Emissions Summary
Table Name Column Name Default Value New Value
tblConstDustMitigation CleanPavedRoadPercentReduction 0 6
tblConstDustMitigation WaterUnpavedRoadMoistureContent 0 12
tblConstDustMitigation WaterUnpavedRoadVehicleSpeed 0 15
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 20.00 60.00
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 20.00 40.00
tblFireplaces NumberWood 3.80 0.00
tblGrading MaterialImported 0.00 50,000.00
tblLandUse LandUseSquareFeet 76,400.00 74,923.20
tblLandUse LandUseSquareFeet 76,000.00 202,554.00
tblLandUse LotAcreage 1.19 4.65
tblVehicleTrips ST_TR 4.91 7.32
tblVehicleTrips SU_TR 4.09 7.32
tblVehicleTrips WD_TR 5.44 7.32
tblWoodstoves NumberCatalytic 3.80 0.00
tblWoodstoves NumberNoncatalytic 3.80 0.00
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 2 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
2.1 Overall Construction (Maximum Daily Emission)
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Year lb/day lb/day
2022 3.2434 65.6162 27.1439 0.2150 19.8582 1.6136 21.4718 10.1558 1.4845 11.6404 0.0000 23,044.11
20
23,044.11
20
1.7876 3.1781 24,035.86
83
2023 25.0578 54.2046 38.4462 0.2068 13.0055 1.2999 14.1433 5.0126 1.2166 6.0727 0.0000 22,170.76
89
22,170.76
89
1.7462 3.0406 23,120.50
73
Maximum 25.0578 65.6162 38.4462 0.2150 19.8582 1.6136 21.4718 10.1558 1.4845 11.6404 0.0000 23,044.11
20
23,044.11
20
1.7876 3.1781 24,035.86
83
Unmitigated Construction
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Year lb/day lb/day
2022 3.2434 65.6162 27.1439 0.2150 8.5941 1.6136 10.2077 4.3696 1.4845 5.8541 0.0000 23,044.11
20
23,044.11
20
1.7876 3.1781 24,035.86
83
2023 25.0578 54.2046 38.4462 0.2068 8.5322 1.2999 9.6700 2.9645 1.2166 4.0246 0.0000 22,170.76
89
22,170.76
89
1.7462 3.0406 23,120.50
73
Maximum 25.0578 65.6162 38.4462 0.2150 8.5941 1.6136 10.2077 4.3696 1.4845 5.8541 0.0000 23,044.11
20
23,044.11
20
1.7876 3.1781 24,035.86
83
Mitigated Construction
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 3 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio-CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N20 CO2e
Percent
Reduction
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 47.89 0.00 44.19 51.65 0.00 44.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 4 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
2.2 Overall Operational
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Area 4.7108 1.1440 6.7432 7.1700e-
003
0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.0000 1,379.332
3
1,379.332
3
0.0372 0.0251 1,387.735
2
Energy 0.0323 0.2760 0.1174 1.7600e-
003
0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 352.3110 352.3110 6.7500e-
003
6.4600e-
003
354.4046
Mobile 1.6170 2.5278 16.2003 0.0374 4.0445 0.0305 4.0750 1.0787 0.0285 1.1072 3,874.691
7
3,874.691
7
0.2186 0.1926 3,937.556
1
Total 6.3601 3.9478 23.0609 0.0463 4.0445 0.1742 4.2187 1.0787 0.1723 1.2510 0.0000 5,606.335
0
5,606.335
0
0.2625 0.2242 5,679.695
9
Unmitigated Operational
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Area 4.7108 1.1440 6.7432 7.1700e-
003
0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.0000 1,379.332
3
1,379.332
3
0.0372 0.0251 1,387.735
2
Energy 0.0323 0.2760 0.1174 1.7600e-
003
0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 352.3110 352.3110 6.7500e-
003
6.4600e-
003
354.4046
Mobile 1.6170 2.5278 16.2003 0.0374 4.0445 0.0305 4.0750 1.0787 0.0285 1.1072 3,874.691
7
3,874.691
7
0.2186 0.1926 3,937.556
1
Total 6.3601 3.9478 23.0609 0.0463 4.0445 0.1742 4.2187 1.0787 0.1723 1.2510 0.0000 5,606.335
0
5,606.335
0
0.2625 0.2242 5,679.695
9
Mitigated Operational
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 5 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.0 Construction Detail
Construction Phase
Phase
Number
Phase Name Phase Type Start Date End Date Num Days
Week
Num Days Phase Description
1 Site Preparation Site Preparation 12/1/2022 12/14/2022 5 10
2 Grading Grading 12/15/2022 1/11/2023 5 20
3 Building Construction Building Construction 1/12/2023 11/29/2023 5 230
4 Paving Paving 10/1/2023 11/24/2023 5 40
5 Architectural Coating Architectural Coating 10/1/2023 12/22/2023 5 60
OffRoad Equipment
Phase Name Offroad Equipment Type Amount Usage Hours Horse Power Load Factor
Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers 3 8.00 247 0.40
Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 4 8.00 97 0.37
Grading Excavators 1 8.00 158 0.38
Grading Graders 1 8.00 187 0.41
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers 1 8.00 247 0.40
Grading Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 3 8.00 97 0.37
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio-CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N20 CO2e
Percent
Reduction
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Residential Indoor: 410,172; Residential Outdoor: 136,724; Non-Residential Indoor: 0; Non-Residential Outdoor: 0; Striped Parking Area: 4,495
(Architectural Coating – sqft)
Acres of Grading (Site Preparation Phase): 15
Acres of Grading (Grading Phase): 20
Acres of Paving: 1.72
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 6 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.1 Mitigation Measures Construction
Replace Ground Cover
Water Exposed Area
Water Unpaved Roads
Reduce Vehicle Speed on Unpaved Roads
Clean Paved Roads
Building Construction Cranes 1 7.00 231 0.29
Building Construction Forklifts 3 8.00 89 0.20
Building Construction Generator Sets 1 8.00 84 0.74
Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 3 7.00 97 0.37
Building Construction Welders 1 8.00 46 0.45
Paving Pavers 2 8.00 130 0.42
Paving Paving Equipment 2 8.00 132 0.36
Paving Rollers 2 8.00 80 0.38
Architectural Coating Air Compressors 1 6.00 78 0.48
Trips and VMT
Phase Name Offroad Equipment
Count
Worker Trip
Number
Vendor Trip
Number
Hauling Trip
Number
Worker Trip
Length
Vendor Trip
Length
Hauling Trip
Length
Worker Vehicle
Class
Vendor
Vehicle Class
Hauling
Vehicle Class
Site Preparation 7 18.00 0.00 0.00 14.70 6.90 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT
Grading 6 15.00 0.00 6,250.00 14.70 6.90 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT
Building Construction 9 128.00 37.00 0.00 14.70 6.90 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT
Paving 6 15.00 0.00 0.00 14.70 6.90 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT
Architectural Coating 1 26.00 0.00 0.00 14.70 6.90 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 7 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.2 Site Preparation - 2022
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Fugitive Dust 19.6570 0.0000 19.6570 10.1025 0.0000 10.1025 0.0000 0.0000
Off-Road 3.1701 33.0835 19.6978 0.0380 1.6126 1.6126 1.4836 1.4836 3,686.061
9
3,686.061
9
1.1922 3,715.865
5
Total 3.1701 33.0835 19.6978 0.0380 19.6570 1.6126 21.2696 10.1025 1.4836 11.5860 3,686.061
9
3,686.061
9
1.1922 3,715.865
5
Unmitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.0732 0.0508 0.6091 1.6800e-
003
0.2012 1.0600e-
003
0.2023 0.0534 9.7000e-
004
0.0543 171.1060 171.1060 4.9000e-
003
4.8500e-
003
172.6750
Total 0.0732 0.0508 0.6091 1.6800e-
003
0.2012 1.0600e-
003
0.2023 0.0534 9.7000e-
004
0.0543 171.1060 171.1060 4.9000e-
003
4.8500e-
003
172.6750
Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 8 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.2 Site Preparation - 2022
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Fugitive Dust 8.4034 0.0000 8.4034 4.3188 0.0000 4.3188 0.0000 0.0000
Off-Road 3.1701 33.0835 19.6978 0.0380 1.6126 1.6126 1.4836 1.4836 0.0000 3,686.061
9
3,686.061
9
1.1922 3,715.865
5
Total 3.1701 33.0835 19.6978 0.0380 8.4034 1.6126 10.0159 4.3188 1.4836 5.8024 0.0000 3,686.061
9
3,686.061
9
1.1922 3,715.865
5
Mitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.0732 0.0508 0.6091 1.6800e-
003
0.1907 1.0600e-
003
0.1918 0.0508 9.7000e-
004
0.0518 171.1060 171.1060 4.9000e-
003
4.8500e-
003
172.6750
Total 0.0732 0.0508 0.6091 1.6800e-
003
0.1907 1.0600e-
003
0.1918 0.0508 9.7000e-
004
0.0518 171.1060 171.1060 4.9000e-
003
4.8500e-
003
172.6750
Mitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 9 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.3 Grading - 2022
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Fugitive Dust 7.3653 0.0000 7.3653 3.4676 0.0000 3.4676 0.0000 0.0000
Off-Road 1.9486 20.8551 15.2727 0.0297 0.9409 0.9409 0.8656 0.8656 2,872.046
4
2,872.046
4
0.9289 2,895.268
4
Total 1.9486 20.8551 15.2727 0.0297 7.3653 0.9409 8.3062 3.4676 0.8656 4.3331 2,872.046
4
2,872.046
4
0.9289 2,895.268
4
Unmitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 1.1331 44.7188 11.3636 0.1840 5.4726 0.4481 5.9207 1.5007 0.4287 1.9293 20,029.47
72
20,029.47
72
0.8546 3.1740 20,996.70
41
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.0610 0.0423 0.5076 1.4000e-
003
0.1677 8.8000e-
004
0.1685 0.0445 8.1000e-
004
0.0453 142.5884 142.5884 4.0800e-
003
4.0400e-
003
143.8959
Total 1.1941 44.7611 11.8712 0.1854 5.6403 0.4490 6.0892 1.5451 0.4295 1.9746 20,172.06
56
20,172.06
56
0.8587 3.1781 21,140.59
99
Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 10 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.3 Grading - 2022
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Fugitive Dust 3.1487 0.0000 3.1487 1.4824 0.0000 1.4824 0.0000 0.0000
Off-Road 1.9486 20.8551 15.2727 0.0297 0.9409 0.9409 0.8656 0.8656 0.0000 2,872.046
4
2,872.046
4
0.9289 2,895.268
4
Total 1.9486 20.8551 15.2727 0.0297 3.1487 0.9409 4.0895 1.4824 0.8656 2.3480 0.0000 2,872.046
4
2,872.046
4
0.9289 2,895.268
4
Mitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 1.1331 44.7188 11.3636 0.1840 5.2247 0.4481 5.6728 1.4398 0.4287 1.8685 20,029.47
72
20,029.47
72
0.8546 3.1740 20,996.70
41
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.0610 0.0423 0.5076 1.4000e-
003
0.1589 8.8000e-
004
0.1598 0.0423 8.1000e-
004
0.0431 142.5884 142.5884 4.0800e-
003
4.0400e-
003
143.8959
Total 1.1941 44.7611 11.8712 0.1854 5.3837 0.4490 5.8326 1.4821 0.4295 1.9116 20,172.06
56
20,172.06
56
0.8587 3.1781 21,140.59
99
Mitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 11 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.3 Grading - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Fugitive Dust 7.3653 0.0000 7.3653 3.4676 0.0000 3.4676 0.0000 0.0000
Off-Road 1.7109 17.9359 14.7507 0.0297 0.7749 0.7749 0.7129 0.7129 2,872.691
0
2,872.691
0
0.9291 2,895.918
2
Total 1.7109 17.9359 14.7507 0.0297 7.3653 0.7749 8.1402 3.4676 0.7129 4.1805 2,872.691
0
2,872.691
0
0.9291 2,895.918
2
Unmitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.6962 36.2316 10.6577 0.1758 5.4725 0.3621 5.8346 1.5006 0.3464 1.8470 19,159.23
70
19,159.23
70
0.8134 3.0368 20,084.54
82
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.0565 0.0372 0.4656 1.3600e-
003
0.1677 8.3000e-
004
0.1685 0.0445 7.6000e-
004
0.0452 138.8409 138.8409 3.6600e-
003
3.7200e-
003
140.0409
Total 0.7527 36.2688 11.1233 0.1772 5.6402 0.3629 6.0031 1.5451 0.3472 1.8922 19,298.07
79
19,298.07
79
0.8171 3.0406 20,224.58
91
Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 12 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.3 Grading - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Fugitive Dust 3.1487 0.0000 3.1487 1.4824 0.0000 1.4824 0.0000 0.0000
Off-Road 1.7109 17.9359 14.7507 0.0297 0.7749 0.7749 0.7129 0.7129 0.0000 2,872.691
0
2,872.691
0
0.9291 2,895.918
2
Total 1.7109 17.9359 14.7507 0.0297 3.1487 0.7749 3.9236 1.4824 0.7129 2.1953 0.0000 2,872.691
0
2,872.691
0
0.9291 2,895.918
2
Mitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.6962 36.2316 10.6577 0.1758 5.2246 0.3621 5.5867 1.4398 0.3464 1.7862 19,159.23
70
19,159.23
70
0.8134 3.0368 20,084.54
82
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.0565 0.0372 0.4656 1.3600e-
003
0.1589 8.3000e-
004
0.1598 0.0423 7.6000e-
004
0.0431 138.8409 138.8409 3.6600e-
003
3.7200e-
003
140.0409
Total 0.7527 36.2688 11.1233 0.1772 5.3835 0.3629 5.7464 1.4821 0.3472 1.8292 19,298.07
79
19,298.07
79
0.8171 3.0406 20,224.58
91
Mitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 13 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.4 Building Construction - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Off-Road 1.5728 14.3849 16.2440 0.0269 0.6997 0.6997 0.6584 0.6584 2,555.209
9
2,555.209
9
0.6079 2,570.406
1
Total 1.5728 14.3849 16.2440 0.0269 0.6997 0.6997 0.6584 0.6584 2,555.209
9
2,555.209
9
0.6079 2,570.406
1
Unmitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Vendor 0.0403 1.3708 0.5614 6.6400e-
003
0.2371 9.7900e-
003
0.2468 0.0683 9.3700e-
003
0.0776 711.8193 711.8193 0.0184 0.1052 743.6255
Worker 0.4821 0.3176 3.9729 0.0116 1.4307 7.0700e-
003
1.4378 0.3794 6.5100e-
003
0.3860 1,184.775
3
1,184.775
3
0.0313 0.0317 1,195.015
7
Total 0.5224 1.6884 4.5343 0.0182 1.6678 0.0169 1.6847 0.4477 0.0159 0.4636 1,896.594
7
1,896.594
7
0.0497 0.1369 1,938.641
2
Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 14 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.4 Building Construction - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Off-Road 1.5728 14.3849 16.2440 0.0269 0.6997 0.6997 0.6584 0.6584 0.0000 2,555.209
9
2,555.209
9
0.6079 2,570.406
1
Total 1.5728 14.3849 16.2440 0.0269 0.6997 0.6997 0.6584 0.6584 0.0000 2,555.209
9
2,555.209
9
0.6079 2,570.406
1
Mitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Vendor 0.0403 1.3708 0.5614 6.6400e-
003
0.2269 9.7900e-
003
0.2367 0.0658 9.3700e-
003
0.0751 711.8193 711.8193 0.0184 0.1052 743.6255
Worker 0.4821 0.3176 3.9729 0.0116 1.3561 7.0700e-
003
1.3632 0.3611 6.5100e-
003
0.3676 1,184.775
3
1,184.775
3
0.0313 0.0317 1,195.015
7
Total 0.5224 1.6884 4.5343 0.0182 1.5830 0.0169 1.5999 0.4269 0.0159 0.4428 1,896.594
7
1,896.594
7
0.0497 0.1369 1,938.641
2
Mitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 15 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.5 Paving - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Off-Road 1.0327 10.1917 14.5842 0.0228 0.5102 0.5102 0.4694 0.4694 2,207.584
1
2,207.584
1
0.7140 2,225.433
6
Paving 0.1127 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.1454 10.1917 14.5842 0.0228 0.5102 0.5102 0.4694 0.4694 2,207.584
1
2,207.584
1
0.7140 2,225.433
6
Unmitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.0565 0.0372 0.4656 1.3600e-
003
0.1677 8.3000e-
004
0.1685 0.0445 7.6000e-
004
0.0452 138.8409 138.8409 3.6600e-
003
3.7200e-
003
140.0409
Total 0.0565 0.0372 0.4656 1.3600e-
003
0.1677 8.3000e-
004
0.1685 0.0445 7.6000e-
004
0.0452 138.8409 138.8409 3.6600e-
003
3.7200e-
003
140.0409
Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 16 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.5 Paving - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Off-Road 1.0327 10.1917 14.5842 0.0228 0.5102 0.5102 0.4694 0.4694 0.0000 2,207.584
1
2,207.584
1
0.7140 2,225.433
6
Paving 0.1127 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.1454 10.1917 14.5842 0.0228 0.5102 0.5102 0.4694 0.4694 0.0000 2,207.584
1
2,207.584
1
0.7140 2,225.433
6
Mitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.0565 0.0372 0.4656 1.3600e-
003
0.1589 8.3000e-
004
0.1598 0.0423 7.6000e-
004
0.0431 138.8409 138.8409 3.6600e-
003
3.7200e-
003
140.0409
Total 0.0565 0.0372 0.4656 1.3600e-
003
0.1589 8.3000e-
004
0.1598 0.0423 7.6000e-
004
0.0431 138.8409 138.8409 3.6600e-
003
3.7200e-
003
140.0409
Mitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 17 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.6 Architectural Coating - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Archit. Coating 21.4711 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Off-Road 0.1917 1.3030 1.8111 2.9700e-
003
0.0708 0.0708 0.0708 0.0708 281.4481 281.4481 0.0168 281.8690
Total 21.6628 1.3030 1.8111 2.9700e-
003
0.0708 0.0708 0.0708 0.0708 281.4481 281.4481 0.0168 281.8690
Unmitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.0979 0.0645 0.8070 2.3500e-
003
0.2906 1.4400e-
003
0.2921 0.0771 1.3200e-
003
0.0784 240.6575 240.6575 6.3500e-
003
6.4500e-
003
242.7376
Total 0.0979 0.0645 0.8070 2.3500e-
003
0.2906 1.4400e-
003
0.2921 0.0771 1.3200e-
003
0.0784 240.6575 240.6575 6.3500e-
003
6.4500e-
003
242.7376
Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 18 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.6 Architectural Coating - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Archit. Coating 21.4711 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Off-Road 0.1917 1.3030 1.8111 2.9700e-
003
0.0708 0.0708 0.0708 0.0708 0.0000 281.4481 281.4481 0.0168 281.8690
Total 21.6628 1.3030 1.8111 2.9700e-
003
0.0708 0.0708 0.0708 0.0708 0.0000 281.4481 281.4481 0.0168 281.8690
Mitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Worker 0.0979 0.0645 0.8070 2.3500e-
003
0.2755 1.4400e-
003
0.2769 0.0734 1.3200e-
003
0.0747 240.6575 240.6575 6.3500e-
003
6.4500e-
003
242.7376
Total 0.0979 0.0645 0.8070 2.3500e-
003
0.2755 1.4400e-
003
0.2769 0.0734 1.3200e-
003
0.0747 240.6575 240.6575 6.3500e-
003
6.4500e-
003
242.7376
Mitigated Construction Off-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 19 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
4.0 Operational Detail - Mobile
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Mitigated 1.6170 2.5278 16.2003 0.0374 4.0445 0.0305 4.0750 1.0787 0.0285 1.1072 3,874.691
7
3,874.691
7
0.2186 0.1926 3,937.556
1
Unmitigated 1.6170 2.5278 16.2003 0.0374 4.0445 0.0305 4.0750 1.0787 0.0285 1.1072 3,874.691
7
3,874.691
7
0.2186 0.1926 3,937.556
1
4.1 Mitigation Measures Mobile
4.2 Trip Summary Information
4.3 Trip Type Information
Average Daily Trip Rate Unmitigated Mitigated
Land Use Weekday Saturday Sunday Annual VMT Annual VMT
City Park 1.78 4.47 4.99 7,545 7,545
Condo/Townhouse High Rise 556.32 556.32 556.32 1,901,030 1,901,030
Parking Lot 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 558.10 560.79 561.31 1,908,575 1,908,575
Miles Trip %Trip Purpose %
Land Use H-W or C-W H-S or C-C H-O or C-NW H-W or C-W H-S or C-C H-O or C-NW Primary Diverted Pass-by
City Park 16.60 8.40 6.90 33.00 48.00 19.00 66 28 6
Condo/Townhouse High Rise 14.70 5.90 8.70 40.20 19.20 40.60 86 11 3
Parking Lot 16.60 8.40 6.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0 0
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 20 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
4.4 Fleet Mix
Land Use LDA LDT1 LDT2 MDV LHD1 LHD2 MHD HHD OBUS UBUS MCY SBUS MH
City Park 0.540566 0.056059 0.172680 0.136494 0.026304 0.007104 0.011680 0.017449 0.000554 0.000251 0.025076 0.000954 0.004830
Condo/Townhouse High Rise 0.540566 0.056059 0.172680 0.136494 0.026304 0.007104 0.011680 0.017449 0.000554 0.000251 0.025076 0.000954 0.004830
Parking Lot 0.540566 0.056059 0.172680 0.136494 0.026304 0.007104 0.011680 0.017449 0.000554 0.000251 0.025076 0.000954 0.004830
5.0 Energy Detail
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
NaturalGas
Mitigated
0.0323 0.2760 0.1174 1.7600e-
003
0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 352.3110 352.3110 6.7500e-
003
6.4600e-
003
354.4046
NaturalGas
Unmitigated
0.0323 0.2760 0.1174 1.7600e-
003
0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 352.3110 352.3110 6.7500e-
003
6.4600e-
003
354.4046
5.1 Mitigation Measures Energy
Historical Energy Use: N
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 21 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
5.2 Energy by Land Use - NaturalGas
NaturalGa
s Use
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Land Use kBTU/yr lb/day lb/day
City Park 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Condo/Townhous
e High Rise
2994.64 0.0323 0.2760 0.1174 1.7600e-
003
0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 352.3110 352.3110 6.7500e-
003
6.4600e-
003
354.4046
Parking Lot 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 0.0323 0.2760 0.1174 1.7600e-
003
0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 352.3110 352.3110 6.7500e-
003
6.4600e-
003
354.4046
Unmitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 22 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
6.1 Mitigation Measures Area
6.0 Area Detail
5.2 Energy by Land Use - NaturalGas
NaturalGa
s Use
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Land Use kBTU/yr lb/day lb/day
City Park 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Condo/Townhous
e High Rise
2.99464 0.0323 0.2760 0.1174 1.7600e-
003
0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 352.3110 352.3110 6.7500e-
003
6.4600e-
003
354.4046
Parking Lot 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 0.0323 0.2760 0.1174 1.7600e-
003
0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 0.0223 352.3110 352.3110 6.7500e-
003
6.4600e-
003
354.4046
Mitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 23 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Mitigated 4.7108 1.1440 6.7432 7.1700e-
003
0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.0000 1,379.332
3
1,379.332
3
0.0372 0.0251 1,387.735
2
Unmitigated 4.7108 1.1440 6.7432 7.1700e-
003
0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.0000 1,379.332
3
1,379.332
3
0.0372 0.0251 1,387.735
2
6.2 Area by SubCategory
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
SubCategory lb/day lb/day
Architectural
Coating
0.3530 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Consumer
Products
4.0422 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Hearth 0.1254 1.0716 0.4560 6.8400e-
003
0.0866 0.0866 0.0866 0.0866 0.0000 1,368.000
0
1,368.000
0
0.0262 0.0251 1,376.129
3
Landscaping 0.1903 0.0724 6.2872 3.3000e-
004
0.0348 0.0348 0.0348 0.0348 11.3323 11.3323 0.0109 11.6059
Total 4.7108 1.1440 6.7432 7.1700e-
003
0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.0000 1,379.332
3
1,379.332
3
0.0372 0.0251 1,387.735
2
Unmitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 24 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
Install Low Flow Bathroom Faucet
Install Low Flow Kitchen Faucet
Install Low Flow Toilet
Install Low Flow Shower
Use Water Efficient Irrigation System
7.1 Mitigation Measures Water
7.0 Water Detail
6.2 Area by SubCategory
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
SubCategory lb/day lb/day
Architectural
Coating
0.3530 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Consumer
Products
4.0422 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Hearth 0.1254 1.0716 0.4560 6.8400e-
003
0.0866 0.0866 0.0866 0.0866 0.0000 1,368.000
0
1,368.000
0
0.0262 0.0251 1,376.129
3
Landscaping 0.1903 0.0724 6.2872 3.3000e-
004
0.0348 0.0348 0.0348 0.0348 11.3323 11.3323 0.0109 11.6059
Total 4.7108 1.1440 6.7432 7.1700e-
003
0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.1215 0.0000 1,379.332
3
1,379.332
3
0.0372 0.0251 1,387.735
2
Mitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 25 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
11.0 Vegetation
8.1 Mitigation Measures Waste
8.0 Waste Detail
9.0 Operational Offroad
Equipment Type Number Hours/Day Days/Year Horse Power Load Factor Fuel Type
10.0 Stationary Equipment
Fire Pumps and Emergency Generators
Equipment Type Number Hours/Day Hours/Year Horse Power Load Factor Fuel Type
Boilers
Equipment Type Number Heat Input/Day Heat Input/Year Boiler Rating Fuel Type
User Defined Equipment
Equipment Type Number
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Date: 10/25/2021 3:38 PMPage 26 of 26
Fontana Citrus East - San Bernardino-South Coast County, Winter
EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied