HomeMy WebLinkAboutAppendix C - Cultural Resources AssessmentAppendix C
Cultural Resources Assessment
C U L T U R A L R E S O U R C E S A S S E S S M E N T
Fontana Square Project
Fontana, San Bernardino County, California
Prepared for:
Kari Cano
Kimley-Horn
3880 Lemon Street, Suite 420
Riverside, California 92501
Prepared by:
David Brunzell, M.A., RPA
Contributions by Nicholas Shepetuk, B.A.
BCR Consulting LLC
Claremont, California 91711
Project No. KIM2104
Data Base Information:
Type of Study: Intensive
Resources Recorded: KIM2104-H-1
Keywords: Fontana, Historic-Period Utility Alignment
USGS Quadrangle: 7.5-minute Devore, California (1988)
October 13, 2021
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MANAGEMENT SUMMARY
BCR Consulting LLC (BCR Consulting) is under contract to Kimley-Horn to conduct a Cultural
Resources Assessment of the Fontana Square Project (the project) located in the City of
Fontana (City), San Bernardino County, California. Tasks completed for the scope of work
include a cultural resources records search, a reconnaissance-level pedestrian cultural resources survey, completion of this technical report, a Sacred Lands File search with the
Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC), and a Paleontological Overview. These tasks
were performed in partial fulfillment of California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA)
requirements. Results of the records search performed by South Central Coastal Information
Center (SCCIC) staff indicate that 24 previous cultural resource studies have been conducted within a 0.5 mile radius of the project site, resulting in the recordation of 24 historic-period
cultural resources. Of these, one cultural resources assessment has assessed the project site
and no cultural resources have been identified within the project site. During the field survey,
BCR Consulting archaeologists identified a segment of a historic-period utility alignment
(designated KIM2104-H-1) within the project site boundaries. This resource is not recommended eligible for California Register of Historical Resources (California Register)
listing. As such, this resource is not recommended a “historical resource” under CEQA and
does not warrant further consideration. Based on these results BCR Consulting recommends
that no additional cultural resource work or monitoring is necessary for any earthmoving
proposed within the project site. However, if previously undocumented cultural resources are identified during earthmoving activities, a qualified archaeologist should be contacted to
assess the nature and significance of the find, diverting construction excavation if necessary.
Findings were positive during the Sacred Lands File search with the NAHC. The NAHC did
not indicate the nature or location of the resource(s), but recommended contacting the
Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians – Kizh Nation for more information (see Appendix A). The
City will initiate Assembly Bill (AB) 52 Native American Consultation for the project. Since the
City will initiate and carry out the required Native American Consultation, the results of the
consultation are not provided in this report. However, this report may be used during the
consultation process, and BCR Consulting staff is available to answer questions and address
concerns as necessary.
According to CEQA Guidelines, projects subject to CEQA must determine whether the project
would “directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource”. The appended
Paleontological Overview provided in Appendix B has recommended that:
The geologic units underlying this project are mapped entirely as alluvial gravel and sand
deposits dating from the Holocene period (Dibblee, 2003). While Holocene alluvial units
are considered to be of high preservation value, material found is unlikely to be fossil
material due to the relatively modern associated dates of the deposits. However, if
development requires any substantial depth of disturbance, the likelihood of reaching
Pleistocene alluvial sediments would increase. The Western Science Center does not
have localities within the project area or within a 1 mile radius.
While the presence of any fossil material is unlikely, if excavation activity disturbs
deeper sediment dating to the earliest parts of the Holocene or Late Pleistocene
periods, the material would be scientifically significant. Excavation activity
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associated with the development of the project area is unlikely to be paleontologically
sensitive, but caution during development should be observed.
If human remains are encountered during the undertaking, State Health and Safety Code
Section 7050.5 states that no further disturbance shall occur until the County Coroner has
made a determination of origin and disposition pursuant to Public Resources Code Section
5097.98. The County Coroner must be notified of the find immediately. If the remains are determined to be prehistoric, the Coroner will notify the Native American Heritage Commission
(NAHC), which will determine and notify a Most Likely Descendant (MLD). With the permission
of the landowner or his/her authorized representative, the MLD may inspect the site of the
discovery. The MLD shall complete the inspection within 48 hours of notification by the NAHC.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
MANAGEMENT SUMMARY ................................................................................................. ii
INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 1
REGULATORY SETTING ............................................................................................... 1
NATURAL SETTING ............................................................................................................. 5
CULTURAL SETTING ........................................................................................................... 5
PREHISTORIC CONTEXT .............................................................................................. 5
ETHNOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................. 6
HISTORY ........................................................................................................................ 7
PERSONNEL ........................................................................................................................ 8
METHODS ............................................................................................................................ 8
RESEARCH .................................................................................................................... 9
FIELD SURVEY .............................................................................................................. 9
RESULTS ............................................................................................................................. 9
RESEARCH .................................................................................................................... 9
FIELD SURVEY ............................................................................................................ 10
SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATIONS ......................................................................................... 11
SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA ........................................................................................... 11
SIGNIFICANCE THRESHOLD CRITERIA ..................................................................... 12
CALIFORNIA REGISTER EVALUATIONS .................................................................... 12
RECOMMENDATIONS ....................................................................................................... 12
REFERENCES .................................................................................................................... 14 FIGURES
1: Project Location Map ....................................................................................................... 2
TABLES
A: Cultural Resources and Reports Located within One Mile of Project Site ...................... 10
APPENDICES
A: DEPARTMENT OF PARK AND RECREATION 523 FORMS
B: PROJECT PHOTOGRAPHS
C: NAHC SACRED LANDS FILE SAERCH
D: PALEONTOLOGICAL OVERVIEW
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INTRODUCTION
BCR Consulting LLC (BCR Consulting) is under contract to Kimley-Horn to conduct a Cultural
Resources Assessment of the proposed Fontana Square Project (the project) located in the
City of Fontana (City), San Bernardino County, California. The project site is located in Section
36 of Township 1 North, Range 6 West, San Bernardino Baseline and Meridian, in the City of
Fontana. It is depicted on the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Devore, California
(1988) 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle (Figure 1).
Regulatory Setting
The California Environmental Quality Act. CEQA applies to all discretionary projects
undertaken or subject to approval by the state’s public agencies (California Code of
Regulations 14(3), § 15002(i)). Under CEQA, “A project with an effect that may cause a
substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource is a project that may
have a significant effect on the environment” (Cal. Code Regs. tit. 14(3), § 15064.5(b)). State
CEQA Guidelines section 15064.5(a) defines a “historical resource” as a resource that meets
one or more of the following criteria:
• Listed in, or eligible for listing in, the California Register of Historical Resources
(California Register)
• Listed in a local register of historical resources (as defined at Cal. Public Res. Code §
5020.1(k))
• Identified as significant in a historical resource survey meeting the requirements of §
5024.1(g) of the Cal. Public Res. Code
• Determined to be a historical resource by a project's lead agency (Cal. Code Regs. tit.
14(3), § 15064.5(a))
A historical resource consists of “Any object, building, structure, site, area, place, record, or
manuscript which a lead agency determines to be historically significant or significant in the
architectural, engineering, scientific, economic, agricultural, educational, social, political,
military, or cultural annals of California…Generally, a resource shall be considered by the lead
agency to be ‘historically significant’ if the resource meets the criteria for listing in the California
Register of Historical Resources” (Cal. Code Regs. tit. 14(3), § 15064.5(a)(3)).
The significance of a historical resource is impaired when a project demolishes or materially
alters in an adverse manner those physical characteristics of a historical resource that convey
its historical significance and that justify its eligibility for the California Register. If an impact
on a historical or archaeological resource is significant, CEQA requires feasible measures to
minimize the impact (State CEQA Guidelines § 15126.4 (a)(1)). Mitigation of significant
impacts must lessen or eliminate the physical impact that the project will have on the resource.
Section 5024.1 of the Cal. Public Res. Code established the California Register. Generally, a
resource is considered by the lead agency to be “historically significant” if the resource meets
the criteria for listing in the California Register (Cal. Code Regs. tit. 14(3), § 15064.5(a)(3)).
The eligibility criteria for the California Register are similar to those of the National Register of
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Historic Places (National Register), and a resource that meets one of more of the eligibility
criteria of the National Register will be eligible for the California Register.
The California Register program encourages public recognition and protection of resources of
architectural, historical, archaeological, and cultural significance, identifies historical
resources for state and local planning purposes, determines eligibility for state historic
preservation grant funding and affords certain protections under CEQA. Criteria for
Designation:
1. Associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad
patterns of local or regional history or the cultural heritage of California or the United
States.
2. Associated with the lives of persons important to local, California or national history.
3. Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region or method of
construction or represents the work of a master or possesses high artistic values.
4. Has yielded, or has the potential to yield, information important to the prehistory or
history of the local area, California or the nation.
In addition to meeting one or more of the above criteria, the California Register requires that
sufficient time has passed since a resource’s period of significance to “obtain a scholarly
perspective on the events or individuals associated with the resources.” (CCR 4852 [d][2]).
Fifty years is normally considered sufficient time for a potential historical resource, and in
order that the evaluation remain valid for a minimum of five years after the date of this report,
all resources older than 45 years (i.e. resources from the “historic-period”) will be evaluated
for California Register listing eligibility, or CEQA significance. The California Register also
requires that a resource possess integrity. This is defined as the ability for the resource to
convey its significance through seven aspects: location, setting, design, materials,
workmanship, feeling, and association.
Assembly Bill 52. California Assembly Bill 52 was approved on September 25, 2014. As
stated in Section 11 of AB 52, the act applies only to projects that have a notice of preparation
or a notice of negative declaration or mitigated negative declaration filed on or after July 1,
2015.
AB 52 establishes “tribal cultural resources” (TCRs) as a new category of resources under
CEQA. As defined under Public Resources Code Section 21074, TCRs are “sites, features,
places, cultural landscapes, sacred places, and objects with cultural value to a California
Native American Tribe” that are either: (1) included or determined to be eligible for inclusion
in the CRHR; included in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources
Code Section 5020.1(k); or (2) determined by the lead agency to be significant pursuant to
the criteria for inclusion in the CRHR set forth in Public Resources Code Section 5024.1(c), if
supported by substantial evidence and taking into account the significance of the resource to
a California Native American tribe. A “historical resource” as defined in Public Resources
Code Section 21084.1, a “unique archaeological resource” as defined in Public Resources
Code Section 21083.2(g), or a “nonunique archaeological resource” as defined in Public
Resources Code Section 21083.2(h) may also be TCRs.
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AB 52 further establishes a new consultation process with California Native American tribes
for proposed projects in geographic areas that are traditionally and culturally affiliated with
that tribe. Per Public Resources Code Section 21073, “California Native American tribe”
includes federally and non-federally recognized tribes on the NAHC contact list. Subject to
certain prerequisites, AB 52 requires, among other things, that a lead agency consult with the
geographically affiliated tribe before the release of an environmental review document for a
proposed project regarding project alternatives, recommended mitigation measures, or
potential significant effects, if the tribe so requests in writing. If the tribe and the lead agency
agree upon mitigation measures during their consultation, these mitigation measures must be
recommended for inclusion in the environmental document (Public Resources Code Sections
21080.3.1, 21080.3.2, 21082.3, 21084.2, and 21084.3).
Paleontological Resources. CEQA provides guidance relative to significant impacts on
paleontological resources, indicating that a project would have a significant impact on
paleontological resources if it disturbs or destroys a unique paleontological resource or site or
unique geologic feature. Section 5097.5 of the California Public Resources Code specifies
that any unauthorized removal of paleontological remains is a misdemeanor. Further,
California Penal Code Section 622.5 sets the penalties for damage or removal of
paleontological resources. CEQA documentation prepared for projects would be required to
analyze paleontological resources as a condition of the CEQA process to disclose potential
impacts. Please note that as of January 2018 paleontological resources are considered in the
geological rather than cultural category. Therefore, paleontological resources are not
summarized in the body of this report. A paleontological overview completed by professional
paleontologists from the Western Science Center is provided as Appendix B.
Tribal Cultural Resources. The Legislature added requirements regarding tribal cultural
resources for CEQA in Assembly Bill 52 (AB 52) that took effect July 1, 2015. AB 52 requires
consultation with California Native American tribes and consideration of tribal cultural
resources in the CEQA process. By including tribal cultural resources early in the CEQA
process, the legislature intended to ensure that local and Tribal governments, public agencies,
and project proponents would have information available, early in the project planning
process, to identify and address potential adverse impacts to tribal cultural resources. By
taking this proactive approach, the legislature also intended to reduce the potential for delay
and conflicts in the environmental review process. To help determine whether a project may
have such an effect, the Public Resources Code requires a lead agency to consult with any
California Native American tribe that requests consultation and is traditionally and culturally
affiliated with the geographic area of a proposed project. Since the City will initiate and carry
out the required AB52 Native American Consultation, the results of the consultation are not
provided in this report. However, this report may be used during the consultation process, and
BCR Consulting staff is available to answer questions and address comments as necessary.
Paleontological Resources. CEQA provides guidance relative to significant impacts on
paleontological resources, indicating that a project would have a significant impact on
paleontological resources if it disturbs or destroys a unique paleontological resource or site or
unique geologic feature. Section 5097.5 of the California Public Resources Code specifies
that any unauthorized removal of paleontological remains is a misdemeanor. Further,
California Penal Code Section 622.5 sets the penalties for damage or removal of
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paleontological resources. CEQA projects assess paleontological resources as a condition of
the CEQA process to disclose potential impacts. Please note that as of January 2018
paleontological resources are considered in the geological rather than cultural resources
category. Therefore, paleontological resources are not summarized in the body of this cultural
resources report. A paleontological overview completed by professional paleontologists from
the Western Science Center is provided as Appendix D.
NATURAL SETTING
The elevation of the project site is approximately 1500 feet above mean sea level (AMSL).
The property has been subject to disturbances related to modern refuse dumping, residential
construction, and demolition. The project site is covered with finer alluvial gravel and sand of
valley areas (Dibblee 2003). The current study has not yielded any evidence that such
sediments have produced raw materials used in prehistoric tool manufacture. Local rainfall
ranges from 5 to 15 inches annually (Jaeger and Smith 1971:36-37). The project site is flat,
although the general slope conveys local water from northeast to southwest (USGS 1988).
Although recent and historic-period impacts have decimated local vegetation, remnants of a
formerly dominant coastal sage scrub vegetation community have been sporadically observed
in the area. Signature plant species include black sage (Salvia mellifera), California brittlebush
(Encelia californica), California buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum), California sagebrush
(Artemesia californica), deerweed (Lotus scoparius), golden yarrow (Eriophyllum
confertiflorum), laurel sumac (Malosma laurina), lemonadeberry (Rhus integrifolia), poison
oak (Toxicodendron diverilobum), purple sage (Salvia leucophyla), sticky monkeyflower
(Mimulus aurantiacus), sugar bush (Rhus ovate), toyon (Heteromeles arbutifolia), white sage
(Salvia apiana), coastal century plant (Agave shawii), coastal cholla (Opuntia prolifera),
Laguna Beach liveforever (Dudleya stolonifera), many-stemmed liveforever (Dudleya
multicaulis), our Lord’s candle (Yucca whipplei), prickly pear cactus (Opuntia sp.) (Williams et
al. 2008:118-119). Signature animal species within Coastal Sage Scrub habitat include the
kangaroo rat (Dipodomys sp.), California horned lizard (Phrynosoma coronatum frontale),
orange throated whiptail (Cnemidophorus hyperthrus), San Diego horned lizard (Phrynosoma
coronatum blainvillii), brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater), California gnatcatcher
(Polioptila californica californica), California quail (Callipepla californica), and San Diego
cactus wren (Campylorhynchus brunnecapillus sandiegensis) (Williams et al. 2008:118-120).
Local native groups made use of many of these species (see Lightfoot and Parrish 2009).
CULTURAL SETTING
Prehistoric Context
The local prehistoric cultural setting has been organized into many chronological frameworks
(see Warren and Crabtree 1986; Bettinger and Taylor 1974; Lanning 1963; Hunt 1960;
Wallace 1958, 1962, 1978; Campbell and Campbell 1935), although there is no definitive
sequence for the region. The difficulties in establishing cultural chronologies for western San
Bernardino County are a function of its enormous size and the small amount of archaeological
excavations conducted there. Moreover, throughout prehistory many groups have occupied
the area and their territories often overlap spatially and chronologically resulting in mixed
artifact deposits. Due to dry climate and capricious geological processes, these artifacts rarely
become integrated in-situ. Lacking a milieu hospitable to the preservation of cultural midden,
local chronologies have relied upon temporally diagnostic artifacts, such as projectile points,
or upon the presence/absence of other temporal indicators, such as groundstone. Such
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methods are instructive, but can be limited by prehistoric occupants’ concurrent use of
different artifact styles, or by artifact re-use or re-sharpening, as well as researchers’ mistaken
diagnosis, and other factors (see Flenniken 1985; Flenniken and Raymond 1986; Flenniken
and Wilke 1989). Recognizing the shortcomings of comparative temporal indicators, this study
recommends review of Warren and Crabree (1986), who have drawn upon this method to
produce a commonly cited and relatively comprehensive chronology.
Ethnography
In general the project site is situated at an ethnographic nexus peripherally occupied by the
Gabrielino and Serrano. Each group consisted of semi-nomadic hunter-gatherers who spoke
a variation of the Takic language subfamily. Individual ethnographic summaries are provided
below.
Gabrielino. The Gabrielino probably first encountered Europeans when Spanish explorers
reached California's southern coast during the 15th and 16th centuries (Bean and Smith 1978;
Kroeber 1925). The first documented encounter, however, occurred in 1769 when Gaspar de
Portola's expedition crossed Gabrielino territory (Bean and Smith 1978). Other brief
encounters took place over the years, and are documented in McCawley 1996 (citing
numerous sources). The Gabrielino name has been attributed by association with the Spanish
mission of San Gabriel, and refers to a subset of people sharing speech and customs with
other Cupan speakers (such as the Juaneño/Luiseño/Ajachemem) from the greater Takic
branch of the Uto-Aztecan language family (Bean and Smith 1978). Gabrielino villages
occupied the watersheds of various rivers (locally including the Santa Ana) and intermittent
streams. Chiefs were usually descended through the male line and often administered several
villages. Gabrielino society was somewhat stratified and is thought to have contained three
hierarchically ordered social classes which dictated ownership rights and social status and
obligations (Bean and Smith 1978:540-546). Plants utilized for food were heavily relied upon
and included acorn-producing oaks, as well as seed-producing grasses and sage. Animal
protein was commonly derived from rabbits and deer in inland regions, while coastal
populations supplemented their diets with fish, shellfish, and marine mammals (Boscana
1933, Heizer 1968, Johnston 1962, McCawley 1996). Dog, coyote, bear, tree squirrel, pigeon,
dove, mud hen, eagle, buzzard, raven, lizards, frogs, and turtles were specifically not utilized
as a food source (Kroeber 1925:652).
Serrano. Kroeber (1925) applied the generic term “Serrano” to four groups, each with distinct
territories: the Kitanemuk, Tataviam, Vanyume, and Serrano. Only one group, in the San
Bernardino Mountains and West-Central Mojave Desert, ethnically claims the term Serrano.
Bean and Smith (1978) indicate that the Vanyume, an obscure Takic population, was found
along the Mojave River at the time of Spanish contact. The Kitanemuk lived to the north and
west, while the Tataviam lived to the west. All may have used the western San Bernardino
County area seasonally. Serrano villages consisted of small collections of willow-framed
domed structures situated near reliable water sources. A lineage leader administered laws
and ceremonies from a large ceremonial house centrally located in most villages. Local
Serrano relied heavily on acorns and piñon nuts for subsistence, although roots, bulbs, shoots,
and seeds supplemented these. When available, game animals commonly included deer,
mountain sheep, antelope, rabbits, small rodents, and various birds –particularly quail (Bean
and Smith 1978:571).
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History
Historic-era California is generally divided into three periods: the Spanish or Mission Period
(1769 to 1821), the Mexican or Rancho Period (1821 to 1848), and the American Period (1848
to present).
Spanish Period. The first European to pass through the area is thought to be a Spaniard
called Father Francisco Garces. Having become familiar with the area, Garces acted as a
guide to Juan Bautista de Anza, who had been commissioned to lead a group across the
desert from a Spanish outpost in Arizona to set up quarters at the Mission San Gabriel in 1771
near what today is Pasadena (Beck and Haase 1974). Garces was followed by Alta California
Governor Pedro Fages, who briefly explored the region in 1772. Searching for San Diego
Presidio deserters, Fages had traveled through Riverside to San Bernardino, crossed over
the mountains into the Mojave Desert, and then journeyed westward to the San Joaquin Valley
(Beck and Haase 1974).
Mexican Period. In 1821, Mexico overthrew Spanish rule and the missions began to decline.
By 1833, the Mexican government passed the Secularization Act, and the missions,
reorganized as parish churches, lost their vast land holdings, and released their neophytes
(Beattie and Beattie 1974).
American Period. The American Period, 1848–Present, began with the Treaty of Guadalupe
Hidalgo. In 1850, California was accepted into the Union of the United States primarily due to
the population increase created by the Gold Rush of 1849. The cattle industry reached its
greatest prosperity during the first years of the American Period. Mexican Period land grants
had created large pastoral estates in California, and demand for beef during the Gold Rush
led to a cattle boom that lasted from 1849–1855. However, beginning about 1855, the demand
for beef began to decline due to imports of sheep from New Mexico and cattle from the
Mississippi and Missouri Valleys. When the beef market collapsed, many California ranchers
lost their ranchos through foreclosure. A series of disastrous floods in 1861–1862, followed
by a significant drought further diminished the economic impact of local ranching. This decline
combined with ubiquitous agricultural and real estate developments of the late 19th century,
set the stage for diversified economic pursuits that have continued to proliferate to this day
(Beattie and Beattie 1974; Cleland 1941).
Local Sequence (Brunzell 2017:5). In 1851, Mormons settling in the San Bernardino Valley
purchased the land from Don Antonio Maria Lugo. Early communities in the San Bernardino
County area started with this group of Mormons, although most returned to Salt Lake City in
1857. The Southern Pacific Railroad moved into the San Bernardino Valley in 1875, and the
Santa Fe Railroad built a stop in the Fontana area in 1887, naming it Rosena. A trickle of
settlement continued, and there were around 25 families living there by the time A. B. Miller
arrived in 1905. He purchased the land the next year, and a town was laid out in 1909.
Settlement was successfully promoted by a dedication ceremony and celebration in 1913, at
which a number of plots in the area were sold. By 1927, there were 399 families with land in
the area, and the township was officially created in 1929.
The Semi-Tropic Water and Land Company incorporated in 1887 in order to sell real estate
and water rights in San Bernardino County. The company acquired 285,000 acres of land
along ten miles of Lytle Creek, giving it riparian rights and allowing it to control and sell the
water. The company laid out small towns including Fontana, Rialto, Sansevaine, and
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Bloomington on its land holdings. In 1891, the company subdivided most of the land
surrounding the town sites into 20-acre parcels it called “farm lots.” Successful agricultural
endeavors resulted in residential and institutional expansion during the 1920s. Between 1924
and 1926, the school district was established, the American Legion Post 262 was constructed,
and the Fontana Woman’s Club House was established and constructed. Proliferation of the
automobile was accompanied by an expanded infrastructure of paved roads and two garages
and several service stations were constructed.
Fontana remained an established agricultural locale for the first few decades of its existence;
citrus, grain, grape, poultry, cattle, and swine production formed the basis of the local
economy. World War II changed this dynamic with the establishment of the Fontana Kaiser
Steel plant in 1942, the first steel mill west of the Mississippi. Fontana quickly became the
West Coast’s leading steel producer, and the plant remained in operation until 1984. Mickey
Thompson’s Fontana International Drag Way, an important drag racing strip, was established
in the 1950s. While it no longer operates, Fontana retains a connection to drag racing with
both a new drag strip and an automobile museum. Today, Fontana has a population of over
175,000 and occupies approximately 56 square miles. Shipping and trucking play a major role
in the city’s economy.
PERSONNEL
David Brunzell, M.A., RPA acted as the Project Manager and Principal Investigator for the
current study, and wrote the technical report. SCCIC staff completed the cultural resources
records search using data on file at California State University, Fullerton. BCR Consulting
Field Director Joseph Orozco, M.A., RPA, compiled the Department of Parks and Recreation
(DPR) 523 form. BCR Consulting Archaeological Crew Chief Nicholas Shepetuk made
contributions to the technical report. Mr. Orozco and and Mr. Shepetuk completed the
pedestrian field survey. The paleontological overview (provided in Appendix D) was
completed by Professional Paleontologist Darla Radford, Collections Manager for the Western
Science Center.
METHODS
This work was completed pursuant to CEQA, the Public Resources Code (PRC) Chapter 2.6,
Section 21083.2, and California Code of Regulations (CCR) Title 14, Chapter 3, Article 5,
Section 15064.5. The pedestrian cultural resources survey was intended to locate and
document previously recorded or new cultural resources, including archaeological sites,
features, isolates, and historic-period buildings, that exceed 45 years in age within defined
project boundaries. The project site was examined using 15-meter transect intervals. Transect
intervals were narrowed to between one and five meters where cultural resources were
identified. This study is intended to determine whether cultural resources are located within
the project boundaries, whether any cultural resources are significant pursuant to the above-
referenced regulations and standards, and to develop specific mitigation measures that will
address potential impacts to existing or potential resources. Tasks pursued to achieve that
end include:
• Cultural resources records search to review studies and archaeological/historical
resources recorded within a 0.5 mile radius of the project boundaries
• Additional land use history research through local repositories and internet resources
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• Systematic pedestrian survey of the entire project site
• California Register of Historical Resources (California Register) eligibility evaluation
for any cultural resources discovered
• Development of recommendations and mitigation measures for cultural resources
documented within the project boundaries, following CEQA
• Completion of DPR 523 forms for any discovered cultural resources
• Vertebrate paleontology resources report performed through the Western Science
Center.
Research
Records Search. Prior to fieldwork, an archaeological records search was conducted by
SCCIC staff using data on file at California State University, Fullerton. This included a review
of all recorded historic and prehistoric cultural resources, as well as a review of known cultural
resources within 0.5 mile of the project site and survey and excavation reports generated from
projects completed within 0.5 miles of the project site. In addition, a review was conducted of
the National Register of Historic Places (National Register), the California Register of
Historical Resources (California Register), and documents and inventories from the California
Office of Historic Preservation including the lists of California Historical Landmarks, California
Points of Historical Interest, Listing of National Register Properties, and the Built Environment
Resource Directory (BERD).
Additional Research. BCR Consulting performed additional research by studying available
historic aerial photographs of the project (USDA 1936, 1938, 1948, 1952, 1959, 1966, 1980,
1994, 2002).
Field Survey
A pedestrian cultural resources field survey of the project site was conducted on March 17,
2021. The survey was conducted by walking parallel transects spaced approximately 15
meters apart across 100 percent of the project site. Transect intervals were narrowed to
between one and five meters where resources were identified. Soil exposures, including
natural and artificial clearings were carefully inspected for evidence of cultural resources.
Cultural resources were recorded per the California OHP Instructions for Recording Historical
Resources in the field using:
• Detailed note-taking for entry on DPR Forms (Appendix A)
• Hand-held Garmin Global Positioning systems for mapping purposes
• Digital photography of all cultural resources (Appendix A and B).
RESULTS
Research
Records Search. Records search results conducted by SCCIC staff using data on file at
California State University, Fullerton indicate that 24 previous cultural resources assessments
have been conducted within a 0.5 mile radius of the project site, resulting in the recordation
of 24 historic-period cultural resources. Of these, one cultural resources assessment (SB-
2621) has assessed the project site and no cultural resources have been previously identified
within the project site. The records search results are summarized in Table A, and a full
bibliography is provided in Appendix E.
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Table A. Cultural Resources and Reports Located Within One Mile of the Project Site
USGS 7.5 Min Quad Cultural Resources Within One Mile of Project Site Studies Within One
Mile
Devore, California
(1988)
P-36-6251: historic-period foundation (200 ft E)
P-36-7326: historic-period foundation/dump (½ mile W)
P-36-7327: historic-period well (1/5 Mile SE)
P-36-14191: historic-period structure (1/10 mile SE)
P-36-14192: historic-period structure (3/5 mile W)
P-36-14193: historic-period structure (3/5 mile W)
P-36-14194: historic-period structure (1/5 mile W)
P-36-14195: historic-period structure (3/5 mile NW)
P-36-14196: historic-period structure (1/10 mile NW)
P-36-14197: historic-period structure (1/10 mile E)
P-36-14198: historic-period structure (1/10 mile E)
P-36-14199: historic-period structure (1/4 mile E)
P-36-14200: historic-period structure (1/4 mile E)
P-36-14201: historic-period structure (1/2 mile E)
P-36-15291: historic-period structure (1/4 mile E)
P-36-15376: Historic-Period District (4/5 mile N)
P-36-19910: historic-period structure (2/5 mile S)
P-36-19911: historic-period structure (1/4 mile SE)
P-36-19912: historic-period structure (1/4 mile SE)
P-36-19913: historic-period structure (3/5 mile E)
P-36-20915: historic-period structure (2/5 mile NW)
P-36-20916: historic-period structure (1/4 mile NW)
P-36-20917: historic-period structure (4/5 mile NW)
P-36-20918: historic-period structure (4/5 mile NW)
SB-438, 1011, 1189,
1611, 1737, 1983, 2064,
2096, 2621*, 2765,
2766, 3172, 3173, 4018,
4020, 4022, 4207, 4209,
4548, 5095, 6016, 6392,
6414, 6450
Review of historic aerial photographs and San Bernardino County Assessor’s Office records
has revealed that the project site was vacant until construction of residences along the south
border of the project property began in 1952. By 1953 residences located at 15956, 15966,
15984, 16006, and 16024 Torrey Avenue were constructed. Additional residences were
constructed, filling the southern half of the project property by 1955. One additional residence
was constructed by 1966 located at 92336 Highland Avenue, in the central portion of the north
half of the project site. The residences on the south side of the project site were demolished
between 1994 and 2002, most likely in 1996 when the City assumed ownership of the parcels
(San Bernardino County Assessor 2021; USDA 1936, 1938, 1948, 1952, 1959, 1966, 1980,
1994, 2002).
Field Survey
During the field survey, Mr. Orozco and Mr. Shepetuk carefully inspected the project site.
They identified site KIM2104-H-1, a historic-period utility alignment, running through the
center of the project site in an east to west direction. This resource is described in detail below.
There is approximately 20 to 40 percent surface visibility within the project site. All traces of
the buildings that were visible in historic aerial photos in the southern portion of the site have
been removed. Vegetation included dried seasonal grasses, non-native and native brush, and
several species of deciduous trees. Sediments were dominated by fine gravel and sand.
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KIM2104-H-1. This resource consists of a historic-period utility alignment made up of 11
wooden utility poles, eight of which are original and were installed before 1945 according to
inspection date nails. The alignment is positioned in an east to west orientation and runs the
length of the project site (1,250 feet). Utilities are still actively being supplied by this alignment
to the surrounding community. The eight historic-period poles in this segment of the alignment
all feature one crossarm, and a guy wire. No other historic-period or prehistoric resources
were identified during the survey, indicating low sensitivity for subsurface deposits in the
project site.
SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATIONS
During the field survey an historic-period utility alignment (KIM2104-H-1) was identified.
CEQA calls for the evaluation and recordation of historic and archaeological resources. The
criteria for determining the significance of impacts to cultural resources are based on Section
15064.5 of the CEQA Guidelines and Guidelines for the Nomination of Properties to the
California Register. Properties eligible for listing in the California Register and subject to
review under CEQA are those meeting the criteria for listing in the California Register, or
designation under a local ordinance.
Significance Criteria
California Register of Historical Resources. The California Register criteria are based on
National Register criteria. For a property to be eligible for inclusion on the California Register,
one or more of the following criteria must be met:
1. It is associated with the events that have made a significant contribution to the broad
patterns of local or regional history, or the cultural heritage of California or the U.S.;
2. It is associated with the lives of persons important to local, California, or U.S. history;
3. It embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of
construction, represents the work of a master, possesses high artistic values; and/or
4. It has yielded, or has the potential to yield, information important to the prehistory or
history of the local area, California, or the nation.
In addition to meeting one or more of the above criteria, the California Register requires that
sufficient time has passed since a resource’s period of significance to “obtain a scholarly
perspective on the events or individuals associated with the resources.” (CCR 4852 [d][2]).
The California Register also requires that a resource possess integrity. This is defined as the
ability for the resource to convey its significance through seven aspects: location, setting,
design, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association.
Finally, CEQA requires that significant effects on unique archaeological resources be
considered and addressed. CEQA defines a unique archaeological resource as any
archaeological artifact, object, or site about which it can be clearly demonstrated that, without
merely adding to the current body of knowledge, there is a high probability that it meets any
of the following criteria:
1. Contains information needed to answer important scientific research questions and
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there is a demonstrable public interest in that information.
2. Has a special and particular quality such as being the oldest of its type or the best
available example of its type.
3. Is directly associated with a scientifically recognized important prehistoric or historic
event or person.
Significance Threshold Criteria
CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5 Appendix G includes significance criteria relative to
archaeological and historical resources. These have been utilized as thresholds of
significance here, and a project would have a significant environmental impact if it would:
a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource as
defined in section 10564.5;
b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological
resource pursuant to Section 10564.5;
c) Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries.
California Register Evaluation
KIM2104-H-1. Research has failed to associate the historic-period utility alignment with any
important events or persons (Criteria 1 and 2). The site does not embody any distinctive
characteristics, represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values (Criterion 3).
Intensive survey has not identified any potential for the site to yield information important to
the prehistory or history of the local area, California, or the nation (Criterion 4). The site is not
recommended eligible for the California Register, and is not recommended a historical
resource under CEQA. Finally, the site does not contain information relevant to important
scientific research questions and lacks special or particular qualities. As such it is not a unique
archaeological resource.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Records search results performed by SCCIC staff using data on file at California State
University Fullerton indicate that the project site has been subject to one previous cultural
resources assessment and that no cultural resources have been identified within its boundaries. During the field survey, BCR Consulting archaeologists identified a historic-period
utility alignment within the project site boundaries. This resource is not recommended eligible
for California Register listing. As such, this resource is not recommended a “historical
resource” under CEQA and does not warrant further consideration. Based on these results
BCR Consulting recommends that no additional cultural resource work or monitoring is necessary for any earthmoving proposed within the project site. However, if previously
undocumented cultural resources are identified during earthmoving activities, a qualified
archaeologist should be contacted to assess the nature and significance of the find, diverting
construction excavation if necessary.
Findings were positive during the Sacred Lands File search with the NAHC. The NAHC did
not indicate the nature or location of the resource(s), but recommended contacting the listed
tribes for more information (see Appendix A). The City will initiate and Assembly Bill (AB) 52
Native American Consultation for the project. Since the City will initiate and carry out the
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required Native American Consultation, the results of the consultation are not provided in this
report. However, this report may be used during the consultation process, and BCR
Consulting staff is available to answer questions and address concerns as necessary.
According to CEQA Guidelines, projects subject to CEQA must determine whether the project
would “directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource”. The appended
Paleontological Overview provided in Appendix B has recommended that:
The geologic units underlying this project are mapped entirely as alluvial gravel and sand
deposits dating from the Holocene period (Dibblee, 2003). While Holocene alluvial units
are considered to be of high preservation value, material found is unlikely to be fossil
material due to the relatively modern associated dates of the deposits. However, if
development requires any substantial depth of disturbance, the likelihood of reaching
Pleistocene alluvial sediments would increase. The Western Science Center does not
have localities within the project area or within a 0.5 mile radius.
While the presence of any fossil material is unlikely, if excavation activity disturbs
deeper sediment dating to the earliest parts of the Holocene or Late Pleistocene
periods, the material would be scientifically significant. Excavation activity
associated with the development of the project area is unlikely to be paleontologically
sensitive, but caution during development should be observed.
If human remains are encountered during the undertaking, State Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5 states that no further disturbance shall occur until the County Coroner has
made a determination of origin and disposition pursuant to Public Resources Code Section
5097.98. The County Coroner must be notified of the find immediately. If the remains are
determined to be prehistoric, the Coroner will notify the Native American Heritage Commission
(NAHC), which will determine and notify a Most Likely Descendant (MLD). With the permission of the landowner or his/her authorized representative, the MLD may inspect the site of the
discovery. The MLD shall complete the inspection within 48 hours of notification by the NAHC.
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REFERENCES
Bean, Lowell John, and Charles Smith
1978 California, edited by R.F. Heizer. Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 8, W.C.
Sturtevant, general editor, Smithsonian Institution. Washington, D.C.
Beattie, George W., and Helen P. Beattie
1974 Heritage of the Valley: San Bernardino’s First Century. Biobooks: Oakland.
Beck, Warren A., and Ynez D. Haase
1974 Historical Atlas of California. Oklahoma City: University of Oklahoma Press.
Bettinger, Robert L., and R.E. Taylor
1974 Suggested Revisions in Archaeological Sequences of the Great Basin and Interior
Southern California. Nevada Archaeological Survey Research Papers 3:1-26.
Boscana, Father Geronimo
1933 Chinigchinich: Alfred Robinson's Translation of Father Geronimo Boscana's
Historic Account of the Belief, Usages, Customs and Extravagancies of the Indians
of this Mission of San Juan Capistrano Called the Acagchemem Tribe. Fine Arts
Press, Santa Ana.
Brunzell, David
2017 Cultural Resources Assessment El Paseo Project, Fontana, San
Bernardino County, California. On File at the South-Central Coastal Information
Center. Fullerton, California.
Campbell, E., and W. Campbell
1935 The Pinto Basin. Southwest Museum Papers 9:1-51.
Cleland, Robert Glass
1941 The Cattle on a Thousand Hills—Southern California, 1850-80. San Marino,
California: Huntington Library.
Dibblee Jr., Thomas W.
2003 Geologic Map of the Devore Quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California. Santa
Barbara Museum of Natural History.
Flenniken, J.J.
1985 Stone Tool Reduction Techniques as Cultural Markers. Stone Tool Analysis: Essays
in Honor of Don E. Crabtree, edited by M.G. Plew, J.C. Woods, and M.G. Pavesic.
University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
Flenniken, J.J. and A.W. Raymond
1986 Morphological Projectile Point Typology: Replication, Experimentation, and
Technological Analysis. American Antiquity 51:603-614.
Flenniken, J.J. and Philip J. Wilke
1989 Typology, Technology, and Chronology of Great Basin Dart Points. American
Anthropologist 91:149-158.
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15
Heizer, Robert F.
1968 Introduction and Notes: The Indians of Los Angeles County: Hugo Reid's Letters of
1852, edited and annotated by Robert F. Heizer. Southwest Museum, Los Angeles.
Hunt, Alice P.
1960 The Archaeology of the Death Valley Salt Pan, California. University of Utah
Anthropological Papers No. 47.
Jaeger, Edmund C., and Arthur C. Smith
1971 Introduction to the Natural History of Southern California. California Natural History
Guides: 13. University of California Press. Los Angeles
Johnston, B.E.
1962 California's Gabrielino Indians. Southwest Museum, Los Angeles.
Kroeber, Alfred L.
1925 Handbook of the Indians of California. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 78.
Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. Reprinted in 1976, New York: Dover
Publications.
Lanning, Edward P.
1963 The Archaeology of the Rose Spring Site (Iny-372). University of California
Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 49(3):237-336.
Lightfoot, Kent G., Otis Parrish
2009 California Indians and Their Environment, an Introduction. University of California
Press, Berkeley.
McCawley, William
1996 The First Angelinos, The Gabrielino Indians of Los Angeles. Malki Museum
Press/Ballena Press Cooperative Publication. Banning/Novato, California.
San Bernardino County Assessor
2021 Property Information Management System Internet Site. Accessed on 9/21/2021.
http://www.sbcounty.gov/assessor/pims/PIMSINTERFACE.ASPX.
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
1936 Historic aerial photograph. Online Resource. Accessed on 9/20/2021.
https://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/.
1938 Historic aerial photograph. Online Resource. Accessed on 9/21/2021.
https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer.
1948 Historic aerial photograph. Online Resource. Accessed on 9/21/2021.
https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer.
1952 Historic aerial photograph. Online Resource. Accessed on 9/20/2021.
https://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/.
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1959 Historic aerial photograph. Online Resource. Accessed on 9/20/2021.
https://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/.
1966 Historic aerial photograph. Online Resource. Accessed on 9/21/2021.
https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer.
1980 Historic aerial photograph. Online Resource. Accessed on 9/20/2021.
https://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/.
1994 Historic aerial photograph. Online Resource. Accessed on 9/21/2021.
https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer.
2002 Historic aerial photograph. Online Resource. Accessed on 9/21/2021.
https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer.
United States Geological Survey
1988 Devore, California 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle map.
Wallace, William J.
1958 Archaeological Investigation in Death Valley National Monument. University of
California Archaeological Survey Reports 42:7-22.
1962 Prehistoric Cultural Development in the Southern California Deserts. American
Antiquity 28(2):172-180.
1978 The Southern Valley Yokuts, and The Northern Valley Yokuts. In Handbook of the
North American Indians, Vol. 8, California, edited by W.L. d’Azevedo, pp. 448-470.
W.C. Sturtevant, General Editor. Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C.
Warren, Claude N. and R.H. Crabtree
1986 The Prehistory of the Southwestern Great Basin. In Handbook of the North American
Indians, Vol. 11, Great Basin, edited by W.L. d’Azevedo, pp.183-193. W.C.
Sturtevant, General Editor. Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C.
Williams, Patricia, Leah Messinger, Sarah Johnson
2008 Habitats Alive! An Ecological Guide to California's Diverse Habitats. California
Institute for Biodiversity, Claremont, California.
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APPENDIX A
DPR 523 FORMS
State of California ⎯ The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI #
PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial
NRHP Status Code
Other Listings
Review Code Reviewer Date
Page 1 of 2 *Resource Name or #: KIM2104-H-1
P1. Other Identifier:
*P2. Location: Not for Publication Unrestricted *a. County: San Bernardino
and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.)
*b. USGS 7.5' Quad: Devore, California Date: 1988 T 1N; R 6W; Section 36; SBBM
c. Address: City: Fontana Zip: 92336
d. UTM: Zone: 11; 458051 mE/ 3777254 mN (NAD83) Elevation: 1500’ AMSL
e. Other Locational Data: Located on the northwest corner of the intersection of Highland Avenue and Citrus Avenue.
*P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements: design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, boundaries)
This site comprises a segment of an electric distribution alignment that provides power to a residential neighborhood west of
Catawba Avenue. The distribution alignment segment within the study area comprises 11 wooden utility poles. While the alignment
was apparently installed around 1945, eight of the original poles remain in place. 1945 and 1953 inspection tags are present on all
original poles. The setting is an alluvial plain exhibiting dense, seasonal grasses and numerous small to medium rocks. Recent
building demolition and mechanical clearing has resulted in the accumulation of concrete boulders, brick and mortar sections, and
asphalt throughout the site.
References:
United States Department of Agriculture. 1938. Aerial Photographs of San Bernardino County. Historicaerials.com
United States Department of Agriculture. 1959. Aerial Photographs of San Bernardino County. Historicaerials.com
*P3b. Resource Attributes: AH15. Standing structures
P5b. Description of Photo: (View,
date, accession #)
Photo 11: Overview of historic-age
power distribution line, 3/17/21 (View
east)
*P6. Date Built; Age and Source:
Historic c1938-1959 (USDA 1938,
1959)
Prehistoric Both
*P7. Owner and Address:
City of Fontana
*P8. Recorded by:
J. Orozco, N. Shepetuk
BCR Consulting LLC
Claremont, CA 91711
P9. Date: 3/18/21
*
P10. Survey Type: Intensive.
*P11. Report Citation: Cultural
Resources Assessment of the Fontana
Square Project. BCR Consulting.
*Attachments: NONE Location Map Sketch Map Continuation Sheet Building, Structure, and Object Record
Archaeological Record District Record Linear Feature Record Milling Station Record Rock Art Record
Artifact Record Photograph Record Other (List):
DPR 523A (1/95) *Required information
P5a. Photo or Drawing (Photo required for buildings, structures, and objects.)
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APPENDIX B
PROJECT PHOTOGRAPHS
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Photo 1: Overview of E end of project site; construction debris in foreground (view SE)
Photo 2: Overview of project site from E end; KIM2104-H-1 on left side (view W)
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Photo 3: close up of utility pole inspection tags; UTM 11S 458051mE 3777254mN
Photo 4: project overview from W end; KIM2104-H-1 overview (view E)
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APPENDIX C
NATIVE AMERICAN HERITAGE COMMISSION SACRED LANDS FILE SEARCH
STATE OF CALIFORNIA Gavin Newsom, Governor
NATIVE AMERICAN HERITAGE COMMISSION
Page 1 of 2
March 23, 2021
Nicholas Shepetuk
BCR Consulting LLC
Via Email to: nickshepetuk@gmail.com
Re: Native American Tribal Consultation, Pursuant to the Assembly Bill 52 (AB 52), Amendments
to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) (Chapter 532, Statutes of 2014), Public
Resources Code Sections 5097.94 (m), 21073, 21074, 21080.3.1, 21080.3.2, 21082.3, 21083.09,
21084.2 and 21084.3, Fontana Square Project, San Bernardino County
Dear Mr. Shepetuk:
Pursuant to Public Resources Code section 21080.3.1 (c), attached is a consultation list of tribes
that are traditionally and culturally affiliated with the geographic area of the above-listed
project. Please note that the intent of the AB 52 amendments to CEQA is to avoid and/or
mitigate impacts to tribal cultural resources, (Pub. Resources Code §21084.3 (a)) (“Public
agencies shall, when feasible, avoid damaging effects to any tribal cultural resource.”)
Public Resources Code sections 21080.3.1 and 21084.3(c) require CEQA lead agencies to
consult with California Native American tribes that have requested notice from such agencies
of proposed projects in the geographic area that are traditionally and culturally affiliated with
the tribes on projects for which a Notice of Preparation or Notice of Negative Declaration or
Mitigated Negative Declaration has been filed on or after July 1, 2015. Specifically, Public
Resources Code section 21080.3.1 (d) provides:
Within 14 days of determining that an application for a project is complete or a decision by a
public agency to undertake a project, the lead agency shall provide formal notification to the
designated contact of, or a tribal representative of, traditionally and culturally affiliated
California Native American tribes that have requested notice, which shall be accomplished by
means of at least one written notification that includes a brief description of the proposed
project and its location, the lead agency contact information, and a notification that the
California Native American tribe has 30 days to request consultation pursuant to this section.
The AB 52 amendments to CEQA law does not preclude initiating consultation with the tribes
that are culturally and traditionally affiliated within your jurisdiction prior to receiving requests for
notification of projects in the tribe’s areas of traditional and cultural affiliation. The Native
American Heritage Commission (NAHC) recommends, but does not require, early consultation
as a best practice to ensure that lead agencies receive sufficient information about cultural
resources in a project area to avoid damaging effects to tribal cultural resources.
The NAHC also recommends, but does not require that agencies should also include with their
notification letters, information regarding any cultural resources assessment that has been
completed on the area of potential effect (APE), such as:
1. The results of any record search that may have been conducted at an Information Center of
the California Historical Resources Information System (CHRIS), including, but not limited to:
CHAIRPERSON
Laura Miranda Luiseño
VICE CHAIRPERSON
Reginald Pagaling
Chumash
SECRETARY
Merri Lopez-Keifer
Luiseño
PARLIAMENTARIAN
Russell Attebery
Karuk
COMMISSIONER
William Mungary Paiute/White Mountain
Apache
COMMISSIONER
Julie Tumamait-Stenslie
Chumash
COMMISSIONER
[Vacant]
COMMISSIONER
[Vacant]
COMMISSIONER [Vacant]
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Christina Snider
Pomo
NAHC HEADQUARTERS
1550 Harbor Boulevard
Suite 100
West Sacramento,
California 95691 (916) 373-3710
nahc@nahc.ca.gov
NAHC.ca.gov
Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla
Indians
Jeff Grubbe, Chairperson
5401 Dinah Shore Drive
Palm Springs, CA, 92264
Phone: (760) 699 - 6800
Fax: (760) 699-6919
Cahuilla
Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla
Indians
Patricia Garcia-Plotkin, Director
5401 Dinah Shore Drive
Palm Springs, CA, 92264
Phone: (760) 699 - 6907
Fax: (760) 699-6924
ACBCI-THPO@aguacaliente.net
Cahuilla
Gabrieleno Band of Mission
Indians - Kizh Nation
Andrew Salas, Chairperson
P.O. Box 393
Covina, CA, 91723
Phone: (626) 926 - 4131
admin@gabrielenoindians.org
Gabrieleno
Gabrieleno/Tongva San Gabriel
Band of Mission Indians
Anthony Morales, Chairperson
P.O. Box 693
San Gabriel, CA, 91778
Phone: (626) 483 - 3564
Fax: (626) 286-1262
GTTribalcouncil@aol.com
Gabrieleno
Gabrielino /Tongva Nation
Sandonne Goad, Chairperson
106 1/2 Judge John Aiso St.,
#231
Los Angeles, CA, 90012
Phone: (951) 807 - 0479
sgoad@gabrielino-tongva.com
Gabrielino
Gabrielino Tongva Indians of
California Tribal Council
Robert Dorame, Chairperson
P.O. Box 490
Bellflower, CA, 90707
Phone: (562) 761 - 6417
Fax: (562) 761-6417
gtongva@gmail.com
Gabrielino
Gabrielino-Tongva Tribe
Charles Alvarez,
23454 Vanowen Street
West Hills, CA, 91307
Phone: (310) 403 - 6048
roadkingcharles@aol.com
Gabrielino
Morongo Band of Mission
Indians
Robert Martin, Chairperson
12700 Pumarra Road
Banning, CA, 92220
Phone: (951) 849 - 8807
Fax: (951) 922-8146
dtorres@morongo-nsn.gov
Cahuilla
Serrano
Quechan Tribe of the Fort Yuma
Reservation
Jill McCormick, Historic
Preservation Officer
P.O. Box 1899
Yuma, AZ, 85366
Phone: (760) 572 - 2423
historicpreservation@quechantrib
e.com
Quechan
San Manuel Band of Mission
Indians
Jessica Mauck, Director of
Cultural Resources
26569 Community Center Drive
Highland, CA, 92346
Phone: (909) 864 - 8933
jmauck@sanmanuel-nsn.gov
Serrano
Santa Rosa Band of Cahuilla
Indians
Lovina Redner, Tribal Chair
P.O. Box 391820
Anza, CA, 92539
Phone: (951) 659 - 2700
Fax: (951) 659-2228
lsaul@santarosa-nsn.gov
Cahuilla
Serrano Nation of Mission
Indians
Wayne Walker, Co-Chairperson
P. O. Box 343
Patton, CA, 92369
Phone: (253) 370 - 0167
serranonation1@gmail.com
Serrano
1 of 2
This list is current only as of the date of this document. Distribution of this list does not relieve any person of statutory responsibility as defined in Section 7050.5 of
the Health and Safety Code, Section 5097.94 of the Public Resources Code and section 5097.98 of the Public Resources Code.
This list is only applicable for consultation with Native American tribes under Public Resources Code Sections 21080.3.1 for the proposed Fontana Square Project,
San Bernardino County.
PROJ-2021-
001582
03/23/2021 10:46 AM
Native American Heritage Commission
Tribal Consultation List
San Bernardino County
3/23/2021
Serrano Nation of Mission
Indians
Mark Cochrane, Co-Chairperson
P. O. Box 343
Patton, CA, 92369
Phone: (909) 528 - 9032
serranonation1@gmail.com
Serrano
Soboba Band of Luiseno
Indians
Isaiah Vivanco, Chairperson
P. O. Box 487
San Jacinto, CA, 92581
Phone: (951) 654 - 5544
Fax: (951) 654-4198
ivivanco@soboba-nsn.gov
Cahuilla
Luiseno
2 of 2
This list is current only as of the date of this document. Distribution of this list does not relieve any person of statutory responsibility as defined in Section 7050.5 of
the Health and Safety Code, Section 5097.94 of the Public Resources Code and section 5097.98 of the Public Resources Code.
This list is only applicable for consultation with Native American tribes under Public Resources Code Sections 21080.3.1 for the proposed Fontana Square Project,
San Bernardino County.
PROJ-2021-
001582
03/23/2021 10:46 AM
Native American Heritage Commission
Tribal Consultation List
San Bernardino County
3/23/2021
Page 2 of 2
• A listing of any and all known cultural resources that have already been recorded on or adjacent to the
APE, such as known archaeological sites;
• Copies of any and all cultural resource records and study reports that may have been provided by the
Information Center as part of the records search response;
• Whether the records search indicates a low, moderate, or high probability that unrecorded cultural
resources are located in the APE; and
• If a survey is recommended by the Information Center to determine whether previously unrecorded
cultural resources are present.
2. The results of any archaeological inventory survey that was conducted, including:
• Any report that may contain site forms, site significance, and suggested mitigation measures.
All information regarding site locations, Native American human remains, and associated funerary
objects should be in a separate confidential addendum, and not be made available for public disclosure
in accordance with Government Code section 6254.10.
3. The result of any Sacred Lands File (SLF) check conducted through the Native American Heritage Commission
was positive. Please contact the Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians – Kizh Nation on the attached list for more
information.
4. Any ethnographic studies conducted for any area including all or part of the APE; and
5. Any geotechnical reports regarding all or part of the APE.
Lead agencies should be aware that records maintained by the NAHC and CHRIS are not exhaustive and a negative
response to these searches does not preclude the existence of a tribal cultural resource. A tribe may be the only
source of information regarding the existence of a tribal cultural resource.
This information will aid tribes in determining whether to request formal consultation. In the event that they do, having
the information beforehand will help to facilitate the consultation process.
If you receive notification of change of addresses and phone numbers from tribes, please notify the NAHC. With your
assistance, we can assure that our consultation list remains current.
If you have any questions, please contact me at my email address: Andrew.Green@nahc.ca.gov.
Sincerely,
Andrew Green
Cultural Resources Analyst
Attachment
O C T O B E R 1 3, 2 0 2 1 B C R C O N S U L T I N G L L C C U L T U R A L R E S O U R C E S A S S E S S M E N T F O N T A N A S Q U A R E P R O J E C T
APPENDIX D
PALEONTOLOGICAL OVERVIEW
2345 Searl Parkway ♦ Hemet, CA 92543 ♦ phone 951.791.0033 ♦ fax 951.791.0032 ♦ WesternScienceCenter.org
BCR Consulting LLC March 23, 2021
Nicholas Shepetuk
505 West 8th Street
Claremont, CA 91711
Dear Mr. Shepetuk,
This letter presents the results of a record search conducted for the Fontana Square Project in the
city of Fontana, San Bernardino County, California. The project site is located west of Citrus
Avenue, north of South Highland Avenue, and south of Interstate 210 in Section 36, Township 1
North, Range 6 West on the Devore, CA USGS 7.5 minute quadrangle.
The geologic units underlying this project are mapped entirely as alluvial gravel and sand
deposits dating from the Holocene period (Dibblee, 2003). While Holocene alluvial units are
considered to be of high preservation value, material found is unlikely to be fossil material due to
the relatively modern associated dates of the deposits. However, if development requires any
substantial depth of disturbance, the likelihood of reaching Pleistocene alluvial sediments would
increase. The Western Science Center does not have localities within the project area or within a
1 mile radius.
While the presence of any fossil material is unlikely, if excavation activity disturbs deeper
sediment dating to the earliest parts of the Holocene or Late Pleistocene periods, the material
would be scientifically significant. Excavation activity associated with the development of the
project area is unlikely to be paleontologically sensitive, but caution during development should
be observed.
If you have any questions or would like further information, please feel free to contact me at
dradford@westerncentermuseum.org
Sincerely,
Darla Radford
Collections Manager
OCTOBER 13 , 2 0 2 1 B C R C O N S U L T I N G L L C C U L T U R A L R E S O U R C E S A S S E S S M E N T SFONTANA SQUARE PROJECT
APPENDIX E
RECORDS SEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHY
Report List
Report No.Year Title AffiliationAuthor(s)ResourcesOther IDs
SB-00438 1976 ARCHAEOLOGICAL - HISTORICAL
RESOURCES ASSESSMENT OF NORTH
FONTANA PARK AND RECREATION
DISTRICT AT HIGHLAND AVENUE AND
CATAWEA AVENUE IN FONTANA AREA
SAN BERNARDINO
COUNTY MUSEUM
ASSOCIATION
HEARN, JOSEPH E.NADB-R - 1060438;
Voided - 76-11.8
SB-01011 1980 TENTATIVE TRACT NO. 11523,
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY
SAN BERNARDINO
COUNTY MUSEUM
ASSOCIATION
SMITH, GERALD A.NADB-R - 1061011;
Voided - 80-8.9
SB-01189 1981 CULTURAL RESOURCES REPORT ON THE
RANCHO FONTANA PROJECT LOCATED
IN THE FONTANA AREA OF THE COUNTY
OF SAN BERNARDINO
SCIENTIFIC RESOURCE
SURVEYS, INC.
SCIENTIFIC
RESOURCE SURVEYS,
INC.
NADB-R - 1061189;
Voided - 81-9.7
SB-01611 1986 A CULTURAL RESOURCES
RECONNAISSANCE OF THE LA CUESTA
PROPERTY, FONTANA, SAN
BERNARDINO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
RMW PALEO BISSELL, RONALD M.36-006588NADB-R - 1061611;
Paleo - ;
Voided - 86-12.7
SB-01611A 1986 ASSESSMENT OF THE
PALEONTOLOGICAL RESOURCES FOR
THE LA CUESTA SPECIFIC PLAN,
FONTANA, CALIFORNIA
RMW PALEO RASCHKE, ROD
SB-01737 1987 DETERMINATION OF ELIGIBILITY REPORT
FOR THE LA CUESTA PROPERTY:
HISTORICAL, ARCHITECTURAL AND
ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES
HATHEWAY AND
MCKENNA
HATHEWAY, ROGER G.
and JEANETTE A.
MCKENNA
36-011505NADB-R - 1061737;
Voided - 87-10.8
SB-01983 1989 HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL
INVESTIGATIONS OF THE LA
CUESTA/SIERRA LAKES TREE
RELOCATION PROJECT AREA, PHASES 2,
3, 4, AND 5, FONTANA, SAN BERNARDINO
COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
MCKENNA ET AL.MCKENNA, JEANETTE
A.
NADB-R - 1061983;
Voided - 89-12.3
SB-02064 1990 HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL
INVESTIGATIONS OF THE LA
CUESTA/SIERRA LAKES TREE
RELOCATION PROJECT AREA PHASE 6,
FONTANA, SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY,
CALIFORNIA
MCKENNA ET AL.MCKENNA, JEANETTE
A.
36-006583, 36-006585, 36-006586,
36-006587, 36-006588, 36-006589
NADB-R - 1062064;
Voided - 90-1.11
Page 1 of 4 SBAIC 5/3/2021 1:02:13 PM
Report List
Report No.Year Title AffiliationAuthor(s)ResourcesOther IDs
SB-02096 1990 PHASE II INVESTIGATIONS: HISTORIC
DOCUMENTATION AND
ARCHAEOLOGICAL TEST EXCAVATIONS
OF SITES WITHIN THE LA
CUESTA/SIERRA LAKES TREE
RELOCATION PROJECT AREA, FONTANA,
SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
MCKENNA ET ALMCKENNA, JEANETTE
A.
36-006583, 36-006584, 36-006585,
36-006586, 36-006588, 36-006589
NADB-R - 1062096;
Voided - 90-4.9
SB-02621 1992 CULTURAL AND PALEONTOLOGICAL
RESOURCES INVESTIGATIONS WITHIN
THE NORTH FONTANA INFRASTRUCTURE
AREA, CITY OF FONTANA, SAN
BERNARDINO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CONSULTING SERVICES
ALEXANDROWICZ, J.
STEVEN, ANNE Q.
DUFFIELD-STOLL,
JEANETTE A.
MCKENNA, SUSAN R.
ALEXANDROWICZ,
ARTHUR A. KUHNER,
and ERIC SCOTT
36-004296, 36-006110, 36-006111,
36-006251, 36-006583, 36-006584,
36-006585, 36-006586, 36-006587,
36-006588, 36-006589, 36-006807,
36-006808, 36-006809, 36-006810,
36-006811, 36-006812, 36-006813,
36-006814, 36-006815, 36-006816
NADB-R - 1062621;
Voided - 92-2.20A-B
SB-02765 1993 A PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES
SURVEY AND INVENTORY FOR THE
SIERRA LAKES WEST PROJECT AREA,
FONTANA, SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY,
CA
MCKENNA ET ALMCKENNA, JEANETTE
A.
NADB-R - 1062765
SB-02766 1993 ADDENDUM REPORT: A PHASE I
CULTURAL RESOURCES INVESTIGATION
FOR THE SIERRA LAKES WEST PROJECT
AREA, FONTANA, SAN BERNARDINO
COUNTY, CA
MCKENNA ET ALLMCKENNA, JEANETTE
A.
NADB-R - 1062766
SB-03172 1996 A PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCE
INVESTIGATION OF THE LANDINGS 750
LLC PROJECT AREA, A 200 +/- ACRE
PROPERTY LOCATED IIN NORTH
FONTANA, SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY,
CA. 51PP
MCKENNA ET ALMCKENNA, JEANETTE
A. and RICHARD S.
SHEPARD
36-009363, 36-009364, 36-009365NADB-R - 1063172
SB-03173 1997 PHASE III CUTURAL RESOURCES
INVESTIGATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL
MONITORING PROGRAM FOR THE
LANDINGS 750 LLC PROJECT AREA, A 200
+/- ACRE PROPERTY LOCATED IN NORTH
FONTANA, SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY,
CA. 45PP
MCKENNA ET ALMCKENNA, JEANETTE
A. and RICHARD S.
SHEPARD
36-009363, 36-009364, 36-009365,
36-009366
NADB-R - 1063173
SB-04018 2002 PROPOSED WIRELESS DEVICE
MONOPINE & EQUIPMENT CABINET;
COOPER SITE, 16194 CITRUS AVE,
FONTANA, CA. 31PP
TETRA TECH, INCBUDINGER, FREDNADB-R - 1064018
Page 2 of 4 SBAIC 5/3/2021 1:02:13 PM
Report List
Report No.Year Title AffiliationAuthor(s)ResourcesOther IDs
SB-04020 1996 HISTORIC DOCUMENTATION &
ARCHAEOLOGICAL TEST EXCAVATIONS
OF HISTORIC ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES
WITHIN THE SIERRA LAKES TREE
LOCATION PROJECT AREA, FONTANA,
SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY, CA. 596PP
MCKENNA ET ALMCKENNA, JEANETTE
A.
36-006583, 36-006584, 36-006585,
36-006586, 36-006587, 36-006588,
36-006589
NADB-R - 1064020
SB-04022 1999 REPORT OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL
MONITORING ACTIVITIES AT THE SIERRA
LAKES PROJECT SITE, CITY OF
FONTANA, SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY,
CA. 129PP
MCKENNA ET ALMCKENNA, JEANETTE
A.
36-006583, 36-006584, 36-006585,
36-006586, 36-006587, 36-006588,
36-006589
NADB-R - 1064022
SB-04207 2004 HISTORICAL/ARCHAEOLOGICAL
RESOURCES SURVEY REPORT:
FONTANA AUTO MALL OVERLAY ZONE,
CITY OF FONTANA, SAN BERNARDINO
COUNTY, CA. 26PP
CRM TECHHOGAN, MICHAEL 36-006251, 36-007327, 36-007332,
36-014197, 36-014200, 36-014201,
36-014202, 36-015291
NADB-R - 1064207
SB-04209 2004 A PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES
INVESTIGATION OF THE FONTANA
UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL #33 PROJECT
AREA IN THE CITY OF FONTANA, SAN
BERNARDINO COUNTY, CA 40PP
MCKENNA ET ALMCKENNA, JEANETTE
A.
NADB-R - 1064209
SB-04548 2005 CULTURAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT:
LYTLE CREEK APARTMENTS PROJECT
SITE, FONTANA, SAN BERNARDINO
COUNTY, CA. 14PP\]
BON TERRA CONSULTINGSHEPARD, RICHARDNADB-R - 1064548
SB-05095 2005 CULTURAL RESOURCE RECORDS
SEARCH AND SITE VISIT RESULTS FOR
TELECOMMUNICATIONS FACILITY
CANDIDATE HORIZON TOWER-
FONTANNA, 6498 CATAWBA AVENUE,
FONTANNA, SAN BERNARDINO,
CALIFORNIA
BONNER, WAYNE H.NADB-R - 1065095
SB-06016
SB-06392
SB-06414 2009 Addendum to Historical/Archaeological
Resources Survey Report, Fontana Sports
Park Project, City of Fontana, San Bernardino
County, California.
Tang, Bai "Tom"NADB-R - 1066414
Page 3 of 4 SBAIC 5/3/2021 1:02:14 PM
Report List
Report No.Year Title AffiliationAuthor(s)ResourcesOther IDs
SB-06450 2009 Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey
Report: Fontana Sports Park Project, City of
Fontana, San Bernardino County, California.
CRM TechTang, Bai "Tom", Terri
Jacquemain, and Daniel
Ballester
NADB-R - 1066450
Page 4 of 4 SBAIC 5/3/2021 1:02:14 PM
Primary No.Trinomial
Resource List
Other IDs ReportsTypeAgeAttribute codes Recorded by
P-36-006251 CA-SBR-006251H 08-SBd-30-PS-HA-02 SB-02043, SB-
02527, SB-02621,
SB-04207
AH02; AH04 1989 (Sutton)
P-36-007326 CA-SBR-007326H 08-SBd-30-PS-12 AH02; AH04 1992 (Sutton / Hammond)
P-36-007327 CA-SBR-007327H 08-SBd-30-PS-13 SB-04207AH02; AH05 1992 (Sutton /)
P-36-014191 15572 Highland Ave, Fontana;
Green Property
AH15 1989 (A. Gallup)
P-36-014192 15674 Highland Ave, Fontana;
Johnson House
AH15 1989 (A. Gallup)
P-36-014193 6554 Knox, Fontana;
Chapman House
AH15 1989 (A. Gallup)
P-36-014194 6401 Cooper, Fontana AH15 1989 (A. Gallup)
P-36-014195 6406 Cooper, Fontana;
Burgeno House
AH15 1989 (A. Gallup)
P-36-014196 15860 Highland, Fontana AH15 1989 (A. Gallup)
P-36-014197 16173 Highland Ave, Fontana;
The Rock Innj
SB-04207AH151989 (A. Gallup)
P-36-014198 16223 Highland Ave, Fontana;
White/Coombs House
AH15 1989 (A. Gallup)
P-36-014199 16273-16281 Highland, Fontana;
McAdams House
AH15 1989 (A. Gallup)
P-36-014200 16295 Highland Ave, Fontana SB-04207AH151989 (A. Gallup)
P-36-014201 16491 Highland Ave, Fontana SB-04207AH151989 (A. Gallup)
P-36-015291 16211 Highland, Fontana;
Blackstone House
SB-04207AH15
P-36-015376 Resource Name - Grapeland
Homesteads & Water Works;
PHI - SBR-116
SB-04012, SB-05691Building,
Structure,
Other
Historic HP22; HP29; HP30;
HP33; HP39
1987 (Anicic, John, Fontana
Historical Society);
1989;
2016
P-36-019910 6663 Citrus Ave, Fontana;
CRM Tech 1300-1
AH15 2004 (TANG)
P-36-019911 6619 Oleander Ave, Fontana;
CRM Tech 1300-2
AH15 2004 (TANG)
P-36-019912 6607 Oleander Ave, Fontana;
CRM Tech 1300-3
AH15 2004 (TANG)
Page 1 of 2 SBAIC 5/3/2021 1:02:02 PM
Resources highlighted in green have been previously verified by SCCIC staff.
Primary No.Trinomial
Resource List
Other IDs ReportsTypeAgeAttribute codes Recorded by
P-36-019913 6531 Oleander Ave, Fontana;
CRM Tech 1300-4
AH15 2004 (TANG)
P-36-020915 6327 Knox Ave, Fontana AH15 2009 (CRM Tech)
P-36-020916 6335 Cooper Ave, Fontana AH15 2009 (CRM Tech)
P-36-020917 6304 Knox Ave, Fontana AH15 2009 (CRM Tech)
P-36-020918 15669 Sierra Lakes Parkway,
Fontana
AH15 2009 (CRM Tech)
Page 2 of 2 SBAIC 5/3/2021 1:02:02 PM