HomeMy WebLinkAboutAppendix L - Trip Generation and Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) Screening Analysis
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Date: May 23, 2022
Prepared by: Meghan Macias, TE
To: City of Fontana Engineering Department
Site: Santa Ana & Live Oak
Subject: Trip Generation and Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) Screening Analysis
This technical memorandum evaluates the change in trip generation and need to prepare a level of service
(LOS) or vehicle miles traveled (VMT) analysis for the proposed Santa Ana & Live Oak Warehouse Project.
The project is located northeast of the intersection of Live Oak Avenue and Santa Ana Avenue within the
southern portion of the City of Fontana within the County of San Bernardino. The site consists of three parcels
(0235-141-20, -05, and -06) located on 13.799 net acres. Regional access to the Project site is provided
by Interstate 10 (I-10) off the Cherry Avenue exit. State Route 60 (SR-60) off the Country Village Road
exit, and Interstate 15 (I-15) off the E Jurupa Street exit. The project location is shown in Figure 1, while the
site and surrounding area is pictured in Figure 2. This memo will evaluate the project using the City of Fontana
Traffic Impact Analysis (TIA) Guidelines (October 21, 2020).
The Project site is currently a dirt lot used for truck storage that is used by the trucking company Tiger
Group Transport, Inc. The lot contains various storage structures and is fenced with a chain-link fence. The
project would demolish the existing structures on the project site and construct a 319,956 SF high-cube
warehouse. The project is consistent with the existing General Plan designation of General Industrial and
the SWIP designation of SCD which allows for light and heavy manufacturing activities that are supported
by trucking routes and the existing rail spur. The project site plan is shown in Figure 3.
Project Trip Generation Comparison to Existing Specific Plan
The Maximum FAR in the SWIP for industrial uses is 0.8, therefore the site under the SWIP was analyzed at
480,868 sf. The previous SWIP was analyzed using Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) Trip Generation
Manual 8th Edition. To make an appropriate comparison, Table 1: Approved SWIP Trip Generation shows
the site analyzed as a 480,868 sf warehouse using the previous ITE 8th edition trip rates and the current ITE
11th edition trip rates, and Table 2: Proposed Project Trip Generation shows the proposed warehouse using
the previous ITE 8th edition and the current ITE 11th edition trip rates. It should be noted that the project is
more than 200,000 square feet and therefore the rates for High-Cube Transload and Short-Term Storage
Warehouse would apply. However, rates for High Cube Transload and Short-Term Storage Warehouse
were not used in the SWIP traffic analysis, therefore, to provide a comparative analysis, this trip generation
evaluation will evaluate the project as “Warehouse”.
Table 3 provides a comparison of the project trip generation to the previously analyzed project. As shown
in Table 3, the proposed project would generate fewer trips on this site than the previously approved SWIP
using both the 8th and 11th edition Warehouse rates, therefore no new impacts would occur that were not
disclosed in the previous analysis. It should be noted that the project will pay all applicable traffic impact
fees, which would be used to fund the local and regional transportation system. These fees are intended to
mitigate the cumulative traffic effects of land development projects.
Santa Ana Avenue and Live Oak Avenue Warehouse Project
Trip Generation and VMT Screening Analysis
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Project Trip Generation Based on Existing Site Uses
A trip generation analysis comparing the proposed project’s trip generation to the existing site uses was also
analyzed. Site surveys were conducted at the project driveway on Live Oak Avenue on March 15-16, 2022,
to determine the existing site trip generation. As shown in Table 4, the existing site currently generates 1,426
daily PCE trips, 54 PCE trips during the AM peak hour, and 101 PCE trips during the PM peak hour. This
would result in a net trip generation of -619 daily PCE trips, 27 PCE trips during the AM peak hour, and -
16 PCE trips during the PM peak hour. The proposed project would generate fewer daily and PM peak hour
PCE trips than the existing use, but more PCE trips during the AM peak hours.
VMT Screening Analysis
Senate Bill (SB) 743 was signed by Governor Brown in 2013 and required the Governor’s Office of Planning
and Research (OPR) to amend the CEQA Guidelines to provide an alternative to LOS for evaluating
Transportation impacts. SB743 specified that the new criteria should promote the reduction of greenhouse
gas emissions, the development of multimodal transportation networks and a diversity of land uses. The bill
also specified that delay-based level of service could no longer be considered an indicator of a significant
impact on the environment. In response, Section 15064.3 was added to the CEQA Guidelines beginning
January 1, 2019. Section 15064.3 - Determining the Significance of Transportation Impacts states that
Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) is the most appropriate measure of transportation impacts and provides lead
agencies with the discretion to choose the most appropriate methodology and thresholds for evaluating VMT.
City of Fontana VMT Screening
Section 12.2 of the City’s Traffic Impact Analysis Guidelines provides VMT screening thresholds to identify
projects that would be considered to have a less-than significant impact on VMT and therefore could be
screened out from further analysis. If a project meets one of the following criteria, then the VMT impact of
the project would be considered less-than significant and no further analysis of VMT would be required:
1. The project is located within a Transit Priority Area (TPA).
2. The project is located in a low VMT generating area.
3. The project is considered a local-serving land use.
4. The project net daily trips are less than 500 ADT.
The applicability of each criterion to the project is discussed below.
Screening Criteria 1 - Transit Priority Area Screening: According to the City’s guidelines, projects located in
a TPA may be presumed to have a less than significant impact. The project is not located in a TPA, therefore
the project would not satisfy the requirements of Screening Criteria 1 – TPA screening.
Screening Criteria 2 - Low VMT Area Screening: The City’s guidelines include a screening threshold for
projects located in a low VMT generating area. Low VMT generating area is defined as traffic analysis
zones (TAZs) with a total daily VMT/Service Population (employment plus population) that is 15% less than
the baseline level for the County. The project’s site was evaluated using the SBCTA VMT Screening Tool
(SBCTA VMT Screening Tool (arcgis.com)). As shown in Figure 3, the Countywide VMT/Service Population is
33.3 and the VMT/Service Population for the project zone is 85.9. The VMT/Service Population of the
project zone is above the County average. Therefore, the project would not meet Screening Criteria 2 –
Low-VMT Area Screening.
Screening Criteria 3 – Low Project Type: According to the City’s guidelines, projects which propose local
serving retail (retail projects less than 50,000 square feet) or other local serving uses would have a less than
significant impact on VMT. The types of projects considered local serving include supermarkets, hair/nail
salon, walk-in medical clinics/urgent care, K-12 schools, day care centers, and community institutions such as
libraries, fire stations, etc. The project does not propose a local serving land use and therefore would not
satisfy the requirements of screening criteria 3.
Santa Ana Avenue and Live Oak Avenue Warehouse Project
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Screening Criteria 4 – Net Daily Trips less than 500 ADT: According to the City’s guidelines, projects which
would generate fewer than 500 average daily trips (ADT) would not cause a substantial increase in the total
citywide or regional VMT. As shown in Table 3, the project would generate 845 fewer trips than the SWIP,
using the previously approved ITE 8th Edition trip rates or 406 fewer trips than the SWIP using the ITE 11th
Edition trip rates. A shown in Table 4, the project would generate 619 fewer ADT than the existing
truck/trailer storage lot currently operating on the project site. Because the project would generate an
increase of less than 500 ADT when compared to either the previously analyzed and approved land use or
the existing land use, it is presumed to have a less than significant impact on VMT and further analysis would
not be required.
Summary
As shown in Tables 1, 2, and 3 the project is forecast to generate fewer daily, AM peak hour, and PM peak
hour PCE trips when compared to the previously analyzed land use in the SWIP. Table 3 demonstrates that
the proposed project would generate fewer daily and PM peak hour trips when compared to the existing
land use, and 27 more trips during the peak hour. The project was evaluated using the City of Fontana VMT
screening thresholds to determine if the project would require a vehicle miles traveled (VMT) analysis. The
project would generate an increase of less than 500 ADT when compared to the previously analyzed and
approved land use. Therefore, the project VMT impacts would be considered less than significant and further
analysis of VMT would not be required.
If you have any questions about this information, please contact me at (949) 794-1186 or
meghan@epdsolutions.com.
Santa Ana Avenue and Live Oak Avenue Warehouse Project
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Figure 1: Project Location
Source: HPA Architecture
Santa Ana Avenue and Live Oak Avenue Warehouse Project
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Figure 2: Project Vicinity
Santa Ana Avenue and Live Oak Avenue Warehouse Project
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Figure 3: Project Site Plan
Source: HPA Architecture
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Table 1: Approved SWIP Trip Generation
Land Use Units Daily In Out Total In Out Total
Trip Rates
Warehousing (ITE 8th Edition)1 TSF 3.56 0.24 0.06 0.30 0.08 0.24 0.32
Warehousing (ITE 11th Edition)2 TSF 1.71 0.13 0.04 0.17 0.05 0.13 0.18
Previous Site Trip Generation using ITE 8th Edition Rates
Warehouse1 480.868 TSF 1712 115 29 144 38 115 154
Vehicle Mix3 Percent
Passenger Vehicles 72.50%1241 84 21 105 28 84 112
2-Axle Trucks 4.60%79 5 1 7 2 5 7
3-Axle Trucks 5.70%98 7 2 8 2 7 9
4+-Axle Trucks 17.20%294 20 5 25 7 20 26
100%1712 115 29 144 38 115 154
PCE Trip Generation 4 PCE Factor
Passenger Vehicles 1.0 1241 84 21 105 28 84 112
2-Axle Trucks 2.0 157 11 3 13 4 11 14
3-Axle Trucks 2.5 244 16 4 21 5 16 22
4+-Axle Trucks 3.0 883 60 15 74 20 60 79
Total PCE Trip Generation 2526 170 43 213 57 170 227
Previous Site Trip Generation using ITE 11th Edition Rates
Warehouse2 480.868 TSF 822 63 19 82 24 62 87
Vehicle Mix3 Percent
Passenger Vehicles 72.50%596 46 14 59 18 45 63
2-Axle Trucks 4.60%38 3 1 4 1 3 4
3-Axle Trucks 5.70%47 4 1 5 1 4 5
4+-Axle Trucks 17.20%141 11 3 14 4 11 15
100%822 63 19 82 24 62 87
PCE Trip Generation 4 PCE Factor
Passenger Vehicles 1.0 596 46 14 59 18 45 63
2-Axle Trucks 2.0 76 6 2 8 2 6 8
3-Axle Trucks 2.5 117 9 3 12 3 9 12
4+-Axle Trucks 3.0 424 32 10 42 13 32 45
Total PCE Trip Generation 1213 93 28 121 36 92 128
Total Net PCE Trip Generation -1313 -77 -15 -92 -21 -78 -99
TSF = Thousand Square Feet
PCE = Passenger Car Equivalent
4 Passenger Car Equivalent (PCE) factors from San Bernardino County CMP, Appendix B - Guidelines for CMP Traffic Impact
Analysis Reports in San Bernardino County, 2016
AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour
1Trip rates from the Institute of Transporation Engineers, Trip Generation, 8th Edition, 2008.
2Trip rates from the Institute of Transportation Engineers, Trip Generation,11th Edition, 2021. Land Use Code 150 - Warehousing.
3 Vehicle Mix from the SCAQMD Warehouse Truck Trip Study Data Results and Usage (2014).
Santa Ana Avenue and Live Oak Avenue Warehouse Project
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Table 2: Proposed Project Trip Generation
Land Use Units Daily In Out Total In Out Total
Trip Rates
Warehousing (ITE 8th Edition)1 TSF 3.56 0.24 0.06 0.30 0.08 0.24 0.32
Warehousing (ITE 11th Edition)2 TSF 1.71 0.13 0.04 0.17 0.05 0.13 0.18
Project Trip Generation using ITE 8th Edition Rates
Warehouse1 319.956 TSF 1139 77 19 96 26 77 102
Vehicle Mix3 Percent
Passenger Vehicles 72.50%826 56 14 70 19 56 74
2-Axle Trucks 4.60%52 4 1 4 1 4 5
3-Axle Trucks 5.70%65 4 1 5 1 4 6
4+-Axle Trucks 17.20%196 13 3 17 4 13 18
100%1139 77 19 96 26 77 102
PCE Trip Generation 4 PCE Factor
Passenger Vehicles 1.0 826 56 14 70 19 56 74
2-Axle Trucks 2.0 105 7 2 9 2 7 9
3-Axle Trucks 2.5 162 11 3 14 4 11 15
4+-Axle Trucks 3.0 588 40 10 50 13 40 53
Total PCE Trip Generation 1681 113 28 142 38 113 151
Project Trip Generation using ITE 11th Edition Rates
Warehouse2 319.956 TSF 547 42 13 54 16 41 58
Vehicle Mix3 Percent
Passenger Vehicles 72.50%397 30 9 39 12 30 42
2-Axle Trucks 4.60%25 2 1 3 1 2 3
3-Axle Trucks 5.70%31 2 1 3 1 2 3
4+-Axle Trucks 17.20%94 7 2 9 3 7 10
100%547 42 13 54 16 41 58
PCE Trip Generation 4 PCE Factor
Passenger Vehicles 1.0 397 30 9 39 12 30 42
2-Axle Trucks 2.0 50 4 1 5 1 4 5
3-Axle Trucks 2.5 78 6 2 8 2 6 8
4+-Axle Trucks 3.0 282 22 6 28 8 21 30
Total PCE Trip Generation 807 62 18 80 24 61 85
Total Net PCE Trip Generation -873 -52 -10 -61 -14 -52 -66
TSF = Thousand Square Feet
PCE = Passenger Car Equivalent
4 Passenger Car Equivalent (PCE) factors from San Bernardino County CMP, Appendix B - Guidelines for CMP Traffic Impact
Analysis Reports in San Bernardino County, 2016
1Trip rates from the Institute of Transportation Engineers, Trip Generation, 8th Edition, 2008.
AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour
2Trip rates from the Institute of Transportation Engineers, Trip Generation,11th Edition, 2021. Land Use Code 150 - Warehousing.
3 Vehicle Mix from the SCAQMD Warehouse Truck Trip Study Data Results and Usage (2014).
Santa Ana Avenue and Live Oak Avenue Warehouse Project
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Table 3. Comparison of Previously Analyzed and Proposed Project Trips
Land Use Units Daily In Out Total In Out Total
ITE 8th Edition
Previously Analyzed Project 480.868 TSF 2526 170 43 213 57 170 227
Proposed Project 319.956 TSF 1681 113 28 142 38 113 151
Net Project Trips -845 -57 -14 -71 -19 -57 -76
ITE 11th Edition
Previously Analyzed Project 480.868 TSF 1213 93 28 121 36 92 128
Proposed Project 319.956 TSF 807 62 18 80 24 61 85
Net Project Trips -406 -31 -9 -40 -12 -31 -43
AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour
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Table 4. Proposed Project Compared to Existing Site Uses
Land Use Units Daily In Out Total In Out Total
Trip Rates
Existing Truck Trailer Storage
(From Site Surveys)1 Acres 54.06 1.09 0.94 2.03 1.81 1.74 3.55
Warehousing (ITE 11th Edition)2 TSF 1.71 0.13 0.04 0.17 0.05 0.13 0.18
Existing Site Trip Generation based on Survey Data
Truck/Trailer Storage 13.8 Acres 746 15 13 28 25 24 49
Vehicle Mix3 Percent
Passenger Vehicles 307 6 4 10 4 12 16
2-Axle Trucks 140 7 1 8 5 5 10
3-Axle Trucks 116 1 4 5 6 2 8
4+-Axle Trucks 183 1 4 5 10 5 15
746 15 13 28 25 24 49
PCE Trip Generation4 PCE Factor
Passenger Vehicles 1.0 307 6 4 10 4 12 16
2-Axle Trucks 2.0 280 14 2 16 10 10 20
3-Axle Trucks 2.5 290 3 10 13 15 5 20
4+-Axle Trucks 3.0 549 3 12 15 30 15 45
Total PCE Trip Generation 1426 26 28 54 59 42 101
Proposed Project Site using ITE 11th Edition Rates
Warehouse2 319.956 TSF 547 42 13 54 16 41 58
Vehicle Mix3 Percent
Passenger Vehicles 72.50%397 30 9 39 12 30 42
2-Axle Trucks 4.60%25 2 1 3 1 2 3
3-Axle Trucks 5.70%31 2 1 3 1 2 3
4+-Axle Trucks 17.20%94 7 2 9 3 7 10
100%547 42 13 54 16 41 58
PCE Trip Generation4 PCE Factor
Passenger Vehicles 1.0 397 30 9 39 12 30 42
2-Axle Trucks 2.0 50 4 1 5 1 4 5
3-Axle Trucks 2.5 78 6 2 8 2 6 8
4+-Axle Trucks 3.0 282 22 6 28 8 21 30
Total PCE Trip Generation 807 62 18 80 24 61 85
Total Net PCE Trip Generation -619 36 -10 27 -35 19 -16
TSF = Thousand Square Feet
PCE = Passenger Car Equivalent
4 Passenger Car Equivalent (PCE) factors from San Bernardino County CMP, Appendix B - Guidelines for CMP Traffic Impact
Analysis Reports in San Bernardino County, 2016
AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour
1Existing site surveys collected March 15 and 16, 2022.
2Trip rates from the Institute of Transportation Engineers, Trip Generation,11th Edition, 2021. Land Use Code 150 -
Warehousing.
3 Vehicle Mix from the SCAQMD Warehouse Truck Trip Study Data Results and Usage (2014).
Santa Ana Avenue and Live Oak Avenue Warehouse Project
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Figure 4: Low VMT Area Screening
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Santa Ana Avenue and Live Oak Avenue Warehouse Project
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